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Academic literature on the topic 'Clientélisme électorale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Clientélisme électorale"
Wantchékon, Léonard. "Clientélisme électoral au Bénin." Politique africaine 90, no. 2 (2003): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/polaf.090.0145.
Full textTsana Nguegang, Ramses. "Campagnes électorales, partis politiques et personnel politique intérimaire au Cameroun : entre échange conjoncturel et clientélisme." Politique et Sociétés 38, no. 2 (2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1062041ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Clientélisme électorale"
Kabré, Patoinnéwendé. "Three Essays in African Political Economy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX102/document.
Full textThis work is organized in three (3) chapters. the first chapter, « Electoral Institutions and Political Polarization: An Experiment on Approval Voting in Benin » coauthored with J-F Laslier, K.Van Der Straten and L. Wantchekon, focus on the institutions ‘s goal in the division of societies. The main idea is that political institutions can shape political preferences and influence the formation of groups within societies. Some system such Simple plurality and runoff majoritarian voting systems tend to force voters to “choose sides,” potentially exacerbating political, social, ethnic, or religious divisions. Voting rules that allow voters to simultaneously select several candidates should, in theory, avoid these drawbacks, and might thus lead to less polarized political outcomes. This chapter provides experimental evidence in support of this insight. Our data originates from an experiment on Approval Voting that took place during the 2011 presidential election in Benin, a democratic, multi-ethnic country in western Africa, with a political landscape characterized by a strong social and political north-south divide. In contrast to the official runoff rule used in Benin for this presidential election, we proposed Approval Voting to voters, whereby they can vote simultaneously for several candidates. We find that this electoral institution leads to an increase in the overall support for more consensual candidates. We also find that, under Approval Voting, like under Proportional Representation systems, ethnic voting does not disappear, and might even increase. The second chapter continue in the logic of voting motivation by doing some laboratory experiment about electoral clientelism. We focus on the vote buying and electoral promises. We wanted to show the impact on electoral clientelism on the election outcome in one way and in the second way, see if there is a link between modernization and clientelism. We did experiment in two different places (Burkina Faso and France) show that the impact of electoral clientelism is more relevant in Africa countries than in developed countries. The third chapter investigates on tax compliance in Africa by using data from about 29 African countries. The goal is to analyze the citizens’s behaviors when they have to contribute to public funding by paying tax. We want to know which factors may motivate people have a compliance attitude with tax. The main contribution of this research is the effect of country population and the existence of natural resources. We found that citizens living in countries with natural resources are less willing to pay taxes than citizens living in countries without natural resources. Also, we showed that the population matters. Indeed, in the most populated countries, fraud is higher than less popular countries. We then establish for each group of countries the factors for which they should act to have a tax compliance of their citizens. This can help countries to have a great public finance and become more independent from foreign aid
Cissokho, Sidy. "Le contrat social sénégalais au ras du bitume (1985-2014) : de la formation du groupe professionnel des chauffeurs au renforcement des institutions politiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D092.
Full textThis research puts under scrutiny the formation of a social group through the daily work of a set of actors, such as the drivers of public transport, political parties and the administration representatives. It reconsiders the most common explanation on the stability of Senegalese political institutions: the hypothesis of the religious social contract. In my case, the study of the social contract takes place outside the religious contract in the context of post structural adjustment. The research highlights a circular process where political institutions build social groups, which in return reinforce political institutions. Structural adjustment policies have upset the social stratification of the transport world. They have allowed a new type of drivers' social climbing, who own vehicles. Mutual societies that were already in the motor parks have been symbolically invested by new significations. They will henceforth represent the driver profession. During the 1990s, with the help of unionists, the leaders of these organisations have progressively integrated local configurations of actors gathering representatives of political parties and administrations. This has given them additional means to reaffirm the existence of the driver group. Nowadays, this professional group asserts itself through the control of driver's work and the designation of the leaders of the group. On the other side, the existence of the driver group legitimates political institutions by perpetuating the belief that these institutions are above the rest of the society. The driver representatives' brokering practices with political parties and administrations allow us to study how significant these beliefs are
Zaki, Lamia. "Pratiques politiques au bidonville, Casablanca (2000-2005)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0041.
Full textBased on field work done between 2000 and 2003, the present thesis focuses on the inhabitants of three slums, or kariens (Carrières Centrales, Lahjajma, and Douar Skouila), all of which are part of the Greater Casablanca. It questions their political practices and represntations. The territory of the kariens is tolerated by the State, and de facto established on a long-term basis, yet it is stimagtised and defined as temporary in public discourse. Thus, the slum-dwellers attempts to take full possession of the land they have settled on, to structire and transform it, are generally thwarted, or at least strictly controlled. The topography of this land generates power struggles and conflicts of interest : it is a political stake, crystallizing both the hopes and claims of inhabitants. In a territory situated on the margins of legislation, slum-dwellers use several repertories of legitimation, each conveying certain rights. This gives rise to two kinds of attitudes : passivity, and a rhetoric of victimization ; this impulse to act, and insertion within a network of political patronage. Slum-dwellers tend to adopt a critical disillusioned attitude towards politics, yet during election-time, they manage to bargain for concrete guarantees, as payoff for participating in the electoral game. The reforms introduced in the political field in the 1990s have had but little impact. However, microsocial analysis allows us to establish that the evolution of shantytown politics combines with a transformation of the way the political game is played out in the slums : we notice both patronage on a collective scale, and forms of collective action
Vertier, Paul. "The democratic challenges of electoral representation and populism : an empirical approach." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0003/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims at improving our understanding of two important phenomena in contemporary democracies: imbalanced electoral representation and the rise of populism. To do so, it explores empirically several natural experiments in different countries and settings.The first chapter explores the consequences of electing a dynastic politician on subsequent public policies. It shows that dynastic politicians have different characteristics compared to other politicians and that they manage their budget in a more opportunistic way.The second chapter focuses on gender-discrimination from voters in politics, by exploiting a natural experiment in the French départementales elections of 2015, where candidates had to run by gender-balanced pairs. Using the fact that the order of appearance of candidates on the ballot is as-good-as-random, it shows that right-wing ballots where the female candidate was listed first received lower shares of votes and were less likely to make it to the second round. This discrimination is driven by ballots on which no information is reported, which suggests that it is statistical.The third chapter studies the link between migration inflows and the rise of populism. Using as a natural experiment the dismantling of the Calais migrant camp in France between October 2015 and October 2016, it shows that municipalities which temporarily received a small amount of migrants following this event had a lower growth rate of Front National vote between the presidential elections of 2012 and 2017