Journal articles: 'Climat de transfert'

1

Grelier, Benjamin, Gilles Drogue, Michel Pirotton, Pierre Archambeau, and Emilie Gernez. "Peut-on estimer l’effet du changement climatique sur l’écoulement à l’exutoire d’un bassin sans modèle pluie-débit ? un test de la méthode de transfert climat-écoulement par régression dans le bassin transnational de la meuse." Climatologie 14 (2017): 48–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1232.

Full text

Abstract:

L’étude de l’impact futur du changement climatique sur l’écoulement à l’exutoire d’un bassin repose généralement sur l’utilisation d’un modèle pluie-débit. Cet article explore les potentiels et les limites d’une stratégie alternative, fondée sur une méthode de transfert climat-écoulement par régression multiple. Cette méthode s’appuie sur un séquençage d’une régression des moindres carrés partiels (PLS) et d’une régression linéaire multiple (RLM) destinée à estimer des indices d’écoulement via les meilleurs prédicteurs climatiques identifiés par régression PLS. Les modèles de régression RLM paramétrés sur des critères quantitatifs, et par jugement expert des conditions hydro-climatiques actuelles, sont ensuite forcés par des sorties de modèles de climat pour produire des projections hydrologiques à différents horizons. L’application de la méthode de transfert climat-écoulement par régression multiple à deux cours d’eau du bassin de la Meuse décrits à partir d’indices d’écoulement de basses, de moyennes et de hautes eaux, montre que : i) cette méthode fonctionne convenablement pour certains indices d’écoulement seulement; ii) une connaissance minimale de la variabilité climatique à l’échelle régionale (apportée dans notre cas, par la pression atmosphérique et le gradient régional de pression en surface et à 500 hPa) suffit à décrire de façon acceptable le forçage climatique sur ces indices; iii) le jugement expert est indispensable pour identifier les prédicteurs climatiques hydrologiquement pertinents; iv) la force du lien entre climat et écoulement est propre à chaque bassin versant; v) les changements d’écoulement prédits par la méthode de transfert climat-écoulement sous scénarios climatiques CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) pour les prochaines décennies sont en accord avec ceux prédits par la modélisation pluie-débit. Au stade de nos investigations, trois limites majeures de la méthode de transfert climat-écoulement par régression multiple ont été identifiées : 1) elle exige de longues chroniques hydro-climatiques; 2) elle a tendance à sous-estimer la variabilité interannuelle de l’écoulement à l’exutoire des bassins testés; 3) elle n’est pas en capacité de garantir avec certitude l’évolution des indices d’écoulement dans des conditions climatiques très différentes de celles de la période d’observation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Givron, Hélène, and Martin Desseilles. "Entraînement aux compétences communicationnelles : évaluation d’un débriefing et analyse de son lien avec le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et les attitudes d’étudiants en médecine." Pédagogie Médicale 20, no. 4 (2019): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/pmed/2020018.

Full text

Abstract:

Contexte : Il a été montré que bien que la simulation soit un moyen efficace d’entraîner les compétences communicationnelles (CC), le débriefing peut avoir des effets délétères sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle (SEP) et les attitudes de certains étudiants. Buts : Nous avons implanté un entraînement aux CC auprès de nos étudiants en médecine. Nos objectifs sont : 1) faire évaluer la qualité du climat instauré par le formateur lors du débriefing de la séance de simulation ; 2) connaître le SEP et les attitudes des étudiants envers les CC après le débriefing et ; 3) voir s’il existe des corrélations entre ces variables et l’évaluation qui est faite du climat de débriefing. Méthodes : 167 étudiants en troisième année de médecine ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne clôturant la fin d’un entraînement aux CC. Ce questionnaire quantitatif investiguait leur perception quant à la qualité du climat du débriefing, leur SEP rétrospectivement rapporté avant et après l’entraînement et leurs attitudes. Résultats : Les résultats indiquent une augmentation du SEP à l’égard des CC après l’entraînement. En outre, des corrélations positives significatives ont été identifiées entre une évaluation favorable du climat de débriefing et des scores élevés d’amélioration de SEP et d’attitudes positives envers l’entraînement aux CC. Conclusion : Une évaluation favorable du climat de débriefing semble liée à des scores élevés de SEP et d’attitudes positives rapportés après l’entraînement. Cette étude exploratoire invite à s’intéresser davantage à ces variables (évaluation du débriefing, SEP, attitudes) et leur lien avec le transfert des CC entraînées vers la pratique.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Nameche, T., and J. L. Vassel. "Bilan thermique sous climat tempéré des lagunes aérées et naturelles." Revue des sciences de l'eau 12, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705344ar.

Full text

Abstract:

Un modèle décrivant la température d'équilibre des lagunes a été développé, tenant compte des différents flux de chaleur que celles-ci échangent avec l'air et le sol environnant. Six composantes différentes ont été inclues dans le calcul de ce bilan thermique: radiation solaire, évaporation, convection, rayonnement atmosphérique, rayonnement de la surface du plan d'eau, échange via les parois en contact avec le sol. Le modèle ainsi obtenu a été testé avec efficacité sur deux lagunes aérées et une lagune naturelle situées sous climat tempéré ; sa précision sur l'estimation des températures d'équilibre étant de l'ordre de 0.7 °C. Des simulations en continu ont également pu être effectuées au moyen d'une variante dynamique, tenant compte de l'inertie thermique qu'entraîne le volume des bassins. Quelle que soit la saison envisagée, la principale forme d'apport de chaleur est représentée par la radiation solaire tandis que la dissipation d'énergie se partage entre les flux d'évaporation et la balance des deux flux de rayonnement. Les bassins échangeraient en moyenne plus de 250 W/m2 ; le maximum de transfert de chaleur correspondant au printemps et à la période estivale. Enfin, l'analyse de sensibilité du modèle nous a permis de mettre en évidence la contribution de chacun des termes intervenant dans le calcul de ce bilan thermique et de révéler sa dépendance vis-à-vis principalement de la température d'entrée, du rayonnement solaire et de la température de l'air.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Lécrivain, Claudine. "Andrés Holguín et la poésie française: une brève lecture de Mallarmé en traduction." Co-herencia 12, no. 22 (June 2015): 59–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/co-herencia.12.22.4.

Full text

Abstract:

La réception en Espagne de l’œuvre de Stéphane Mallarmé s’organise en quatre moments centraux, marqués par un certain succès critique et par la circulation de traductions en espagnol. Entre 1940 et 1960, Mallarmé figure dans l’anthologie Poesía Francesa du poète colombien Andrés Holguín (1954), anthologie qui présente l’intérêt d’une articulation permanente entre les poèmes traduits et les notices introductrices sur chaque poète retenu, qui développe ainsi deux niveaux de réception critique et de (re)présentation de la poésie française. L’article analyse dans un premier temps l’environnement socioculturel lors de la parution du recueil : climat culturel de l’époque, situation de l’édition, certaines circonstances de l’élaboration de cette anthologie, réflexions sur la traduction en vigueur à l’époque, etc. La deuxième partie cerne l’identité d’Andrés Holguín et ses objectifs, ainsi que les caractéristiques de l’anthologie. Et pour finir, dans un troisième temps, l’article aborde la présence fondue de Mallarmé à l’intérieur du recueil, les commentaires critiques d’Holguín ainsi que les grands traits du transfert textuel des trois poèmes retenus et traduits.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Séguis, L., and J. C. Bader. "Modélisation du ruissellement en relation avec l'évolution saisonnière de la végétation (mil, arachide, jachère) au centre Sénégal." Revue des sciences de l'eau 10, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 419–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705287ar.

Full text

Abstract:

Sous climat soudanien caractérisé par une unique saison des pluies, les sols sont dénudés en fin de saison sèche suite au pâturage et aux travaux préparatoires au semis. Le ruissellement intense en début d'hivernage diminue progressivement avec la mise en place des couverts végétaux. L'influence du développement de la végétation sur le ruissellement est étudié au moyen des données pluie-débit de 4 parcelles (50 m2) couvertes en mil, arachide, jachère ou maintenue dénudée du centre Sénégal au cours d'une saison des pluies (1994). Un modèle analogique de ruissellement ‡ stockage de surface (BADER, 1994), dans lequel l'infiltration est une fonction croissante de la lame d'eau en surface du sol est ajusté sur les données. Le modèle présente 3 paramètres: un paramètre de transfert n, un paramètre de ruissellement Hl et un paramètre d'infiltration S. Une analyse de sensibilité menée sur les données de la parcelle de sol nu montre que le paramètre n est le plus sensible des trois. Le calage numérique des paramètres sur chaque crue au cours de l'hivernage permet d'étudier leur évolution temporelle. Cette évolution est cohérente avec l'occupation de chaque parcelle. Les paramètres n et S de la parcelle de sol nu sont invariants sur la saison tandis que ceux des parcelles en végétation s'écartent progressivement des valeurs obtenues sur sol nu. Pour les parcelles en végétation, les valeurs de S divergent de celles du sol nu lorsque l'indice radiométrique de végétation (N.D.V.I.) servant à l'estimation du couvert dépasse 0.30 - 0.35 environ. L'évolution des paramètres n et S des parcelles en végétation peut être reliée au temps écoulé depuis le semis (mil, arachide) ou le sarclage initial (jachère) et à l'état d'humectation du sol (pour S). On montre également que le paramètre Hl peut être estimé linéairement à partir d'un indice de rugosité de surface descriptif de la microtopographie.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Mueller, Valerie, Clark Gray, Sudhanshu Handa, and David Seidenfeld. "Do social protection programs foster short-term and long-term migration adaptation strategies?" Environment and Development Economics 25, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x19000214.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWe examine how migration is influenced by temperature and precipitation variability, and the extent to which the receipt of a cash transfer affects the use of migration as an adaptation strategy. Climate data is merged with georeferenced panel data (2010–2014) on individual migration collected from the Zambian Child Grant Program (CGP) sites. We use the person-year dataset to identify the direct and heterogeneous causal effects of the CGP on mobility. Having access to cash transfers doubles the rate of male, short-distance moves during cool periods, irrespective of wealth. Receipt of cash transfers (among wealthier households) during extreme heat causes an additional retention of males. Cash transfers positively spur long-distance migration under normal climate conditions in the long term. They also facilitate short-distance responses to climate, but not long-distance responses that might be demanded by future climate change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

FINUS, MICHAEL, M. ELENA SÁIZ, and ELIGIUS M. T. HENDRIX. "An empirical test of new developments in coalition theory for the design of international environmental agreements." Environment and Development Economics 14, no. 1 (February 2009): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x08004634.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTWe consider new developments in coalition theory for the design of international environmental agreements (IEAs). Applying an empirical model on climate change that comprises benefit and cost estimates from abatement for 12 world regions, we analyze how the design of an agreement affects the success of self-enforcing IEAs. We analyze single versus multiple coalitions, open versus exclusive membership with majority and unanimity voting, and no transfers versus transfers with four different transfer schemes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Chauhan, Dr Pardeep S. "A Study of Barriers to Climate Change Technology Innovation and Its Transfer to Developing Countries." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2011/4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Giang, Wayne C. W., Birsen Donmez, Mahvareh Ahghari, and Russell D. MacDonald. "The Impact of Precipitation on Land Interfacility Transport Times." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 6 (November 4, 2014): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14001149.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIntroductionTimely transfer of patients among facilities within a regionalized critical-care system remains a large obstacle to effective patient care. For medical transport systems where dispatchers are responsible for planning these interfacility transfers, accurate estimates of interfacility transfer times play a large role in planning and resource-allocation decisions. However, the impact of adverse weather conditions on transfer times is not well understood.Hypothesis/ProblemPrecipitation negatively impacts driving conditions and can decrease free-flow speeds and increase travel times. The objective of this research was to quantify and model the effects of different precipitation types on land travel times for interfacility patient transfers. It was hypothesized that the effects of precipitation would accumulate as the distance of the transfer increased, and they would differ based on the type of precipitation.MethodsUrgent and emergent interfacility transfers carried out by the medical transport system in Ontario from 2005 through 2011 were linked to Environment Canada's (Gatineau, Quebec, Canada) climate data. Two linear models were built to estimate travel times based on precipitation type and driving distance: one for transfers between cities (intercity) and another for transfers within a city (intracity).ResultsPrecipitation affected both transfer types. For intercity transfers, the magnitude of the delays increased as driving distance increased. For median-distance intercity transfers (48 km), snow produced delays of approximately 9.1% (3.1 minutes), while rain produced delays of 8.4% (2.9 minutes). For intracity transfers, the magnitude of delays attributed to precipitation did not depend on distance driven. Transfers in rain were 8.6% longer (1.7 minutes) compared to no precipitation, whereas only statistically marginal effects were observed for snow.ConclusionPrecipitation increases the duration of interfacility land ambulance travel times by eight percent to ten percent. For transfers between cities, snow is associated with the longest delays (versus rain), but for transfers within a single city, rain is associated with the longest delays.GiangWCW, DonmezB, AhghariM, MacDonaldRD. The impact of precipitation on land interfacility transport times. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(6):1-7.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Hu, Yabei, and Yang Tao. "Interregional Transfer of Carbon Emissions and Shared Responsibility: A Review of Theory and Evidence." International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 8 (June 30, 2018): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n8p236.

Full text

Abstract:

Addressing global climate change through obligation assignment of region-specific emissions reduction needs to measure not only direct carbon emissions of a particular region but also indirect carbon emissions, which are increasingly raised by interregional transfer of carbon emissions. With the literature on carbon emissions expanding substantially, emission transfers at both international and national levels have attracted a growing attention in the past years. This study provides an overview of the theoretical basis for, and empirical evidence on interregional emission transfers from three perspectives: transfer levels, transfer drivers and shared responsibility. We emphasize the contribution of such research to our understanding of global carbon emissions and regional responsibilities of emissions reduction. The discrepancies with previous studies are discussed in relation to the various theoretical arguments and empirical methods. Finally, based on the literature review, the study discusses theoretical and practical implications for scholars and practitioners, and highlights possible new directions for future research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Paul, R. M. "Merging With-Profits and Unit-Linked Life Funds in a Proprietary Company: Actuarial Considerations Based on a Case Study." British Actuarial Journal 2, no. 3 (August 1, 1996): 623–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700003512.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTIn the current financial climate takeovers of proprietary life companies by other life companies, amalgamations of mutuals and demutualisations have become more and more prevalent. However in respect of takeovers, the process does not end with the purchase, but normally results in the transfer of the long-term business of one of the companies to the other. To optimise synergy and administrative efficiency, there may be a need to reconstruct the amalgamated funds.The author has been involved as Appointed Actuary and internal project manager in such transfers of business within proprietary companies and has also acted as an independent actuary and as an external project manager for other transfers. One of these transfers involved four companies transacting both with-profits and unit-linked business in which the interests of both policyholders and shareholder had to be protected. He considered this transfer to be of sufficient interest to merit the preparation of a paper discussing the issues which arose. Although the paper is principally based on that transfer as a case study, relevant and related factors arising in other transfers have been included where appropriate, as have references to the role of the actuary before, during and after reconstruction.In the case study, the scheme of transfer and the associated reconstruction of corporate structure involved merging three separate with-profits funds, merging many unit-linked funds (including unitised with-profits) and, subject to appropriate compensation, rationalisation of the rights to surplus attributable to both with-profits policyholders and shareholder.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Keum, Hye-Jin, and Jae-sam Chung. ""Identifying of Relationship among Self efficacy, Metacognition, Learning Achievement, Transfer Climate and Near and Far Transfer in the Context of Corporate Training"." Journal of Educational Technology 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2007): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17232/kset.23.3.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Elsayyad, May, and Florian Morath. "TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE." International Economic Review 57, no. 3 (August 2016): 1057–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12185.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Platt, Daniel E. "Investment Climate Stunts Tech Transfer." Physics Today 46, no. 7 (July 1993): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2808954.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Weitzel, Matthias, Joydeep Ghosh, Sonja Peterson, and Basanta K. Pradhan. "Effects of international climate policy for India: evidence from a national and global CGE model." Environment and Development Economics 20, no. 4 (June 6, 2014): 516–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x14000424.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIn order to significantly reduce global carbon emissions, it is necessary also to control CO2 emissions in fast growing emerging economies such as India. The question is how the Indian economy would be affected by including the country in an international climate regime. In this analysis we soft-link a global and a single-country computable general equilibrium model in order to be able to capture distributional issues as well as international repercussions. We analyze different options of transferring revenues from domestic carbon taxes and international transfers to different household types and the effects of different assumptions on exchange rates on transfer payments. Our results show (i) that welfare effects can differ significantly for different household types, which is generally ignored in analyses with global models, and (ii) that these effects are significantly influenced by international price repercussions and by accounting for transfers from international permit sales which is generally ignored in single-country models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Maaroufi, Maroua, Kamilia Abahri, Fares Bennai, and Rafik Belarbi. "Moisture transfer modelling in polystyrene mortar with consideration of sorption hysteresis." E3S Web of Conferences 128 (2019): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912807006.

Full text

Abstract:

The walls of buildings experience heat, air and moisture transfers. These transfers have a significant influence on indoor climate, since they affect the value of temperature and relative humidity inhouses. High levels of humidity lead to pathologies in the buildings, and influence the air quality and the hygrothermal comfort of the occupants. In this work, a numerical analysis of the behaviour of polystyrene mortar under hydric solicitations was led. The simulations were held using ComsolMultiphysics and MATLAB. There were two different moisture transfer models used in this work: the first one took into account sorption hysteresis phenomenon, and the other one did not. The computed results showed that considering sorption hysteresis in modelling the hydric behaviour of the material allows obtaining more accurate results comparing to a model that does not consider hysteresis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Wagner, Lynn. "North-South Divisions in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Negotiating the Private Sector's Role in Three Rio Agreements." International Negotiation 12, no. 1 (2007): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138234007x191920.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article analyzes negotiations in the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, the Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Convention to Combat Desertification and focuses on discussions related to technology transfers from the North to the South. These transfers and the financial flows that the private sector could bring with it are closely related to what was believed to be a bargain reached in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit. During subsequent negotiations, delegates from developed and developing countries have followed a fairly predictable 'script' on these issues – developed countries generally insist that the private sector, as the owner of the technology, must be involved in its transfer, while developing countries have insisted the governments of developed countries should honor their past commitments and promote these transfers. This study describes the development of the script under the three negotiating bodies at Rio, examines the variables that have contributed to the development of the script and, based on this analysis, identifies opportunities to move the talks forward.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Pega, Frank, Caroline Shaw, Kumanan Rasanathan, Jennifer Yablonski, Ichiro Kawachi, and Simon Hales. "Climate change, cash transfers and health." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 93, no. 8 (May 20, 2015): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.14.150037.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Buntaine, Mark T., and Lauren Prather. "Preferences for Domestic Action Over International Transfers in Global Climate Policy." Journal of Experimental Political Science 5, no. 2 (2018): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/xps.2017.34.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractCost-effective and equitable climate change mitigation requires the transfer of resources from developed to developing countries. In two behavioral experiments, we demonstrate that American subjects act according to a strong home preference, by making private donations and writing letters in support of public spending more often for mitigation programs located at home versus those overseas. We attempt to overcome the preference to act at home by randomly informing some subjects that foreign programs are more cost-effective than domestic programs. Home preference is mitigated only in the case of private donations. From a separate experimental treatment, we show that the preference against foreign programs is exacerbated when the co-benefits of mitigation programs are made salient. Importantly, home preference crosses party lines, indicating that it is a deep-seeded, affective preference. These findings highlight significant political obstacles to international cooperation on climate change that relies on transfers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Song In Ok and Dongsoo Song. "CBDR and Climate Technology Transfer to cope with Climate Change." Journal of hongik law review 20, no. 2 (June 2019): 419–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16960/jhlr.20.2.201906.419.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Landis, Florian, and Thomas Bernauer. "Transfer payments in global climate policy." Nature Climate Change 2, no. 8 (June 3, 2012): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1548.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Macdonald, Gordon J. "Technology Transfer: The Climate Change Challenge." Journal of Environment & Development 1, no. 1 (July 1992): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107049659200100103.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Forsyth, Timothy. "Flexible Mechanisms of Climate Technology Transfer." Journal of Environment & Development 8, no. 3 (September 1999): 238–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107049659900800303.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Wu, Jin. "Moisture-transfer coefficient for climate models." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 77, no. 3-4 (February 1996): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00123535.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Bennett, Joel B., Wayne E. K. Lehman, and Jamie K. Forst. "Change, Transfer Climate, and Customer Orientation." Group & Organization Management 24, no. 2 (June 1999): 188–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601199242004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Govindarajulu, Nalini. "Transfer climate in end‐user computing." Journal of Advances in Management Research 6, no. 1 (April 3, 2009): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09727980910972181.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Puaschunder, Julia. "Intergenerational leadership: an extension of contemporary corporate social responsibility models." Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 2, no. 1 (2018): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobr_v2_i1_p1.

Full text

Abstract:

The following paper promotes the idea of intergenerational equity in the corporate world as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) means to coordinating the common goods and imbuing economic stability beyond a purely governmental approach. The outlined intergenerational equity constraints herald a call for intergenerational equity – the fairness to provide an at least as favorable standard of living as enjoyed today. As an implicit contract and transfer between living and future generations, intergenerational equity avoids discriminating against future generations and ensures future infrastructure, equal opportunities over time and constant access to social welfare for the youth. Intergenerational equity grants a favorable climate between generations and alleviates frictions arising from the negative impacts of intergenerational inequity. Outlining some of the causes of the current intergenerational imbalances regarding climate stability and overindebtedness prepares for recommendations on how to implement intergenerational transfers. The impact of intergenerational transfers on societal well-being is discussed. Future research avenues comprise of investigating situational factors influencing intergenerational leadership in the international arena in order to advance the idea of the private sector aiding on intergenerational imbalances and tackling the most pressing contemporary challenges of humankind.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Sáenz-Romero, Cuauhtémoc, Antoine Kremer, László Nagy, Éva Újvári-Jármay, Alexis Ducousso, Anikó Kóczán-Horváth, Jon Kehlet Hansen, and Csaba Mátyás. "Common garden comparisons confirm inherited differences in sensitivity to climate change between forest tree species." PeerJ 7 (January 15, 2019): e6213. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6213.

Full text

Abstract:

The natural distribution, habitat, growth and evolutionary history of tree species are strongly dependent on ecological and genetic processes in ecosystems subject to fluctuating climatic conditions, but there have been few experimental comparisons of sensitivity between species. We compared the responses of two broadleaved tree species (Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea) and two conifer tree species (Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies) to climatic transfers by fitting models containing the same climatic variables. We used published data from European provenance test networks to model the responses of individual populations nested within species. A mixed model approach was applied to develop a response function for tree height over climatic transfer distance, taking into account the climatic conditions at both the seed source and the test location. The two broadleaved species had flat climatic response curves, indicating high levels of plasticity in populations, facilitating adaptation to a broader range of environments, and conferring a high potential for resilience in the face of climatic change. By contrast, the two conifer species had response curves with more pronounced slopes, indicating a lower resilience to climate change. This finding may reflect stronger genetic clines in P. sylvestris and P. abies, which constrain their climate responses to narrower climatic ranges. The response functions had maxima that deviated from the expected maximum productivity in the climate of provenance towards cooler/moister climate conditions, which we interpreted as an adaptation lag. Unilateral, linear regression analyses following transfer to warmer and drier sites confirmed a decline in productivity, predictive of the likely impact of ongoing climate change on forest populations. The responses to mimicked climate change evaluated here are of considerable interest for forestry and ecology, supporting projections of expected performance based on “real-time” field data.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Aguiton, Sara Angeli. "Fragile Transfers." Nature and Culture 14, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 282–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2019.140305.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent years, Senegal’s developed a program of index insurance to cover farmers from economic losses due to drought. I investigate this emerging market in light of Jane Guyer’s question: “What is a ‘risk’ as a transacted ‘thing’?” To grasp the social practices required to make “rainfall deficit” a transferable risk, I explore the climate and market infrastructure that brings it into existence and follows actors who function as brokers allowing the risk to circulate from Senegalese fields to the global reinsurance industry. I show that the strategies set up to convince farmers to integrate a green and rational capitalist management of climate risks are very fragile, and the index insurance program only endures because it is embedded in the broader political economy of rural development based on debt and international aid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Wen, Melody Ling-Yu, and Danny Yung-Chuan Lin. "How supportive Transfer Climate Affects Individual’s Motivation to Training Transfer." International Journal of Learning and Development 4, no. 1 (February 26, 2014): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v4i1.5074.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Maharmeh, Thamer Mohammed. "Organizational Climate and Transfer of Training in a Public Corporation in Qatar." International Journal of Research and Studies Publishing 2, no. 20 (June 20, 2021): 131–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52133/ijrsp.v2.20.4.

Full text

Abstract:

The current research investigates the association between organizational climate and training transfer in case of a Qatari public corporation. It seeks to enhance training transfer through improving the organizational climate. To meet the objectives of the research, survey was developed and distributed to all employees who work for the selected corporation. (152) surveys were returned and analyzed by using SPSS. Results of data analysis revealed that there are positive attitudes towards transfer of training. In other words, employees believe that training influences their performance and behavior. Besides, employees transfer what they learned in training into their workplace. It was also found that employees perceive the overall organizational climate and the dimensions of organizational climate positively. This gives indicator of positive attitudes and perceptions of organizational climate. Regarding the relationship between the dimensions of organizational climate and transfer of training, results of data analysis revealed that there are strong and positive relationships between employee perceptions of eight dimensions of organizational climate and transfer of training into the workplace. It was found that there were positive and strong relationships between employee perceptions of support, responsibility, structure, conflict, identity, warmth, support, and risk on one hand, and their perceptions of training transfer on the other hand. Still, the relationship employee perceptions of rewards and their perceptions of training transfer was weak and not significant.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Gibbins, Goodwin, and Joanna D. Haigh. "Entropy Production Rates of the Climate." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 3551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0294.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThere is ongoing interest in the global entropy production rate as a climate diagnostic and predictor, but progress has been limited by ambiguities in its definition; different conceptual boundaries of the climate system give rise to different internal production rates. Three viable options are described, estimated, and investigated here, two—the material and the total radiative (here “planetary”) entropy production rates—that are well established and a third that has only recently been considered but appears very promising. This new option is labeled the “transfer” entropy production rate and includes all irreversible processes that transfer heat within the climate, radiative, and material, but not those involved in the exchange of radiation with space. Estimates in three model climates put the material rate in the range 27–48 mW m−2 K−1, the transfer rate at 67–76 mW m−2 K−1, and the planetary rate at 1279–1312 mW m−2 K−1. The climate relevance of each rate is probed by calculating their responses to climate changes in a simple radiative–convective model. An increased greenhouse effect causes a significant increase in the material and transfer entropy production rates but has no direct impact on the planetary rate. When the same surface temperature increase is forced by changing the albedo instead, the material and transfer entropy production rates increase less dramatically and the planetary rate also registers an increase. This is pertinent to solar radiation management as it demonstrates the difficulty of reversing greenhouse gas–mediated climate changes by albedo alterations. It is argued that the transfer perspective has particular significance in the climate system and warrants increased prominence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Korneyev, M. V., and A. I. Zhydyk. "Assessment of Innovative Activity of Ukrainian Enterprises in the Field of Technology Transfer." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 2, no. 48 (2021): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2021-2-134-142.

Full text

Abstract:

The article aims at clarifying the classification features of the forms and directions of technology transfer, and analyzing empirical data on technology transfer operations in Ukraine. The effectiveness, efficiency and immediacy of technology transfer depend on the choice of its rational forms and directions of technology transfer. The combined form of transfer is considered to be most promising, as it encompasses the advantages of both the vertical and horizontal transfer forms based on the open innovation business model. Ukraine has prerequisites for the implementation of this form of technology transfer, but it is necessary to increase the innovative activity of industrial enterprises and research organizations, and to increase funding for innovation. In the future the authors plan to suggest an organizational and economic mechanism to increase innovation activity at the enterprise level. In 2007-2019 research and development at industrial enterprises (R&D) accounted for about 15% in the total cost of innovation, in average. The lowest share of R&D in total expenditures on innovation was observed in 2011 (7.5%), and the highest share was observed in 2018, comprising 26.3%. The share of costs for vertical transfer is 69.6-89.5%, which is much higher than that for horizontal transfer, which is 10.5-30.4%. The main reason for the decrease in the level of technology transfer at Ukrainian enterprises is the limited funding from the state and the negative investment climate in the country. The share of non-commercial transfers has been lower than 1% since 2012. Combined transfer based on digital technology platforms is virtually absent.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Magrin, Géraud. "The disappearance of Lake Chad: history of a myth." Journal of Political Ecology 23, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20191.

Full text

Abstract:

The article explores the hydropolitics of Lake Chad. Scientific and popular views on the fate of Lake Chad differ widely. The supposed 'disappearance' of the Lake through water abstraction and climate change is a popular myth that endures because it serves a large set of heterogeneous interests, including those supporting inter-basin water transfers. Meanwhile scientific investigations show substantial and continuing Lake level fluctuations over time, and do not support its projected disappearance. The task is to understand how the myth of the disappearing Lake has been engendered and used, by studying the discourses and the strategies of the main stakeholders involved. The Lake has been protected so far from massive water abstraction, and inter-basin transfer projects, due to the fragmentation of its political management, new security threats, and the piecemeal nature of the interests in play.Key words: Lake Chad; environmental myths; hydropolitics; political ecology; inter-basin transfers

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Bresch, David N., and Gabriela Aznar-Siguan. "CLIMADA v1.4.1: towards a globally consistent adaptation options appraisal tool." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-351-2021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Climate change is a fact; therefore, adaptation to a changing environment is a necessity. Adaptation is ultimately local, yet similar challenges pose themselves to decision-makers all across the globe and on all levels. The Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) methodology has established an economic framework to fully integrate risk and reward perspectives of different stakeholders, underpinned by the CLIMADA (CLIMateADAptation) impact modeling platform. We present an extension of the latter to appraise adaption options in a consistent fashion in order to provide decision-makers from the local to the global level with the necessary facts to identify the most effective instruments to meet the adaptation challenge. We apply the open-source Python implementation to a tropical cyclone impact case study in the Caribbean, using openly available data. This allows us to prioritize a small basket of adaptation options, namely green and gray infrastructure options as well as behavioral measures and risk transfer, and permits inter-island comparisons. In Anguilla, for example, mangroves avert simulated damages more than 4 times the cost estimated for mangrove restoration, whereas the enforcement of building codes is shown to be effective in the Turks and Caicos Islands in a moderate-climate-change scenario. For all islands, cost-effective measures reduce the cost of risk transfer, which covers the damage of high-impact events that cannot be cost-effectively prevented by other measures. This extended version of the CLIMADA platform has been designed to enable risk assessment and options appraisal in a modular form and occasionally bespoke fashion yet with the high reusability of common functionalities to foster the usage of the platform in interdisciplinary studies and international collaboration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Bretherton, D. A., J. D. Blower, K. Haines, and G. C. Smith. "Running climate models on grids using G-R ex." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1890 (December 16, 2008): 847–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0179.

Full text

Abstract:

Compute grids are used widely in many areas of environmental science, but there has been limited uptake of grid computing by the climate modelling community, partly because the characteristics of many climate models make them difficult to use with popular grid middleware systems. In particular, climate models usually produce large volumes of output data, and running them also involves complicated workflows implemented as shell scripts. A new grid middleware system that is well suited to climate modelling applications is presented in this paper. Grid Remote Execution (G- Rex ) allows climate models to be deployed as Web services on remote computer systems and then launched and controlled as if they were running on the user's own computer. Output from the model is transferred back to the user while the run is in progress, to prevent it from accumulating on the remote system and to allow the user to monitor the model. G- Rex has a representational state transfer (REST) architectural style, featuring a Java client program that can easily be incorporated into existing scientific workflow scripts. Some technical details of G- Rex are presented, with examples of its use by climate modellers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

M., Srimannarayana. "An Exploratory Study of Training Transfer Climate in India." International Journal of Business and Management 11, no. 8 (July 20, 2016): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n8p263.

Full text

Abstract:

<p>The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of training transfer climate prevailing in Indian organizations and find out the differences in the perception of employees based on organizational and respondents’ characteristics. The data collected from 2,778 employees working in 70 different organizations across India using a survey questionnaire formed the basis for analysis. The study found that the overall training transfer climate prevailing in India was moderate, leaving a room for improvement, particularly in the areas, supervisor sanctions and positive personal outcomes when learning is transferred on the job. It further found that the companies in the service sector, privately owned joint ventures, Indian multinational companies and small organizations could do better in creating transfer climate than their counterparts. Further, it was found that the higher the levels of education, the higher the perception of transfer climate. Also, the higher the experience, the higher the perception of transfer climate.</p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Rauscher, Michael. "Demographic change and climate change." Environment and Development Economics 25, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x19000366.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis paper uses a continuous-time overlapping-generations model with endogenous growth and pollution accumulation over time to study the link between longevity and global warming. It is seen that increasing longevity accelerates climate change in a business-as-usual scenario without climate policy. If a binding emission target is set exogenously and implemented via a cap-and-trade system, the price of emission permits is increasing in longevity. Longevity has no effect on the optimal solution of the climate problem if perfect intergenerational transfers are feasible. If these transfers are absent, the impact of longevity is ambiguous.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Rouiller, Janice Z., and Irwin L. Goldstein. "The relationship between organizational transfer climate and positive transfer of training." Human Resource Development Quarterly 4, no. 4 (1993): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.3920040408.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Expósito, Alfonso. "Valuing Households’ Willingness to Pay for Water Transfers from the Irrigation Sector: A Case Study of the City of Seville (Southern Spain)." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 6982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246982.

Full text

Abstract:

Water scarcity is increasing in many countries worldwide, and conflicts between alternative uses have arisen due to the high demand and the effects of climate change, among other factors. This paper employs a contingent valuation (CV) method to determine households’ willingness to pay (WTP) compensation to the irrigation sector to guarantee urban supply reliability under extreme water-scarcity conditions (e.g., during a drought period) through inter-sectoral water transfers. The data was obtained from a survey covering 250 households in the city of Seville. In order to estimate households’ WTP, a double-bounded approach is used. Results show that the average WTP would be between 2.53 and 2.59 euros (on a monthly basis), which would represent a viable annual water transfer of 14.3 Hm3 from the irrigation sector, which would be compensated accordingly. This study shows that inter-sectoral water transfers should be considered a viable adaptation measure to manage the consequences of water scarcity in urban areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Gude, Martin, Christer Jonasson, Susanne Dietrich, and Dieter Scherer. "Assessment of Variability in Fluvial Sediment Transfers in Kärkevagge (N-Sweden) during the last 50 Years." Hydrology Research 31, no. 4-5 (August 1, 2000): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2000.0022.

Full text

Abstract:

The Kärkevagge (Abisko area, Northern Sweden) represents a focus research basin concerning geomorphic processes and sediment budgets for the last 50 years. Different geomorphic process studies provide comparative data sets concerning climate variability implications on sediment transfers. While monitoring of sediment transfers is discontinuous with respect to study periods and methods, a detailed chronology of high-magnitude events with significant sediment displacement is available. In continuation of these studies, investigations in 1995 and 1998 as part of the MOSAIC project (Modelling Of Snowmelt And Its Consequences) are concentrating on snowmelt-induced slushflow initiation and transports of sediments in several small headwater catchments during the snowmelt period. Main purpose of the investigations is to characterize different catchment sections in terms of their hydrologic and sedimentologic contribution to the total fluvial and sediment budget of the basin, and to evaluate their specific sensitivity related to changes in atmospheric boundary conditions. By means of these data sets, the temporal variability of fluvial sediment transfers can be assessed over different time scales. The paper focuses on a description of different sections in the fluvial sediment transfer system in Kärkevagge. By comparing results from recent field investigations with data from former studies, the significance of rainfall- and snowmelt-triggered events for sediment transfers is evaluated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Ohlwein, Christian, and Eugene R. Wahl. "Review of probabilistic pollen-climate transfer methods." Quaternary Science Reviews 31 (January 2012): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Forsyth, Tim. "Technology Transfer and the Climate Change Debate." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 40, no. 9 (November 1998): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139159809605098.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Flamos, Alexandros, and Katherine Begg. "Technology transfer insights for new climate regime." Environment, Development and Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 9, 2008): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-008-9177-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Kypreos, Socrates, and Hal Turton. "Climate change scenarios and Technology Transfer Protocols." Energy Policy 39, no. 2 (February 2011): 844–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.11.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Rehfeldt, Gerald E., Nadja M. Tchebakova, and Leonard K. Barnhardt. "Efficacy of climate transfer functions: introduction of Eurasian populations of Larix into Alberta." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 11 (December 1, 1999): 1660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-143.

Full text

Abstract:

Growth and survival of eight populations of Larix sukaczewii Dylis and one of both Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. were used to assess the effectiveness of climate transfer functions for predicting the 13-year performance of Eurasian provenances introduced to Alberta. Quadratic regression models showed that transfer distances for five climate variables (mean annual temperature, degree-days <0°C, mean temperature in the coldest month, ratio of the mean annual temperature to mean annual precipitation, and the summer-winter temperature range) were particularly effective in predicting height and survival. Optimal transfer distances did not differ significantly from zero, and as a result, the best growth and survival in Alberta should be obtained by matching the provenance climate to that of the planting site for the five variables. Verification of the climate transfer functions with independent data from Russian provenance tests were strongly supportive. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of climate transfer functions for describing the response of plant populations to the environment and thereby have practical implications in reforestation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Liu, Zhengchun, Rajkumar Kettimuthu, Joaquin Chung, Rachana Ananthakrishnan, Michael Link, and Ian Foster. "Design and Evaluation of a Simple Data Interface for Efficient Data Transfer across Diverse Storage." ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems 6, no. 1 (June 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3452007.

Full text

Abstract:

Modern science and engineering computing environments often feature storage systems of different types, from parallel file systems in high-performance computing centers to object stores operated by cloud providers. To enable easy, reliable, secure, and performant data exchange among these different systems, we propose Connector, a plug-able data access architecture for diverse, distributed storage. By abstracting low-level storage system details, this abstraction permits a managed data transfer service (Globus, in our case) to interact with a large and easily extended set of storage systems. Equally important, it supports third-party transfers: that is, direct data transfers from source to destination that are initiated by a third-party client but do not engage that third party in the data path. The abstraction also enables management of transfers for performance optimization, error handling, and end-to-end integrity. We present the Connector design, describe implementations for different storage services, evaluate tradeoffs inherent in managed vs. direct transfers, motivate recommended deployment options, and propose a model-based method that allows for easy characterization of performance in different contexts without exhaustive benchmarking.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Lee, Woo Jin, Irma Juskenaite, and Rose Mwebaza. "Public–Private Partnerships for Climate Technology Transfer and Innovation: Lessons from the Climate Technology Centre and Network." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 3185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063185.

Full text

Abstract:

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Paris Agreement, and a number of important agreements call on the United Nations (UN) to strengthen a relationship with the private sector to develop and transfer climate technology in global action on climate change. The Technology Mechanism (TM) is anchored in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change as a key enabler for the attainment of the Goals of the Paris Agreement. The growing interest for collaboration with the private sector sets new ambitions for the UN Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN). The active engagement of the private sector is critical for successful technology transfer and successful innovation. This paper reviews and analyses the role of the private sector in facilitating technology transfer in CTCN’s Technical Assistance. Furthermore, the shared interest for partnership between the CTCN and the private sector was evaluated by analysing in-depths interviews with major CTCN stakeholders. Based upon this analysis, several recommendations are made on how to enhance public–private partnerships in order to strengthen private sector participation in climate technology transfer activities with a special focus on technology–push and market–pull innovation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Yamada, Atsushi, Toshiharu Kobayashi, Tsutomu Negishi, Sunao Matsumoto, Nobuo Handa, Takayoshi Tsuchida, Naoki Sugano, and Masashi Iwatsuki. "Remote Control Scanning Electron Microscope with Web Operatoin Interface." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 974–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600030944.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and the other observation devices are coming to use a LAN (Local Area Network) to save the image in the database. We developed a remote control system in which SEM image and Control interface is indicated on the WEB Browser. in this system, SEM can be controlled by an external (client) PC installed in a general WEB Browser(Internet Explorer). Accordingly, operation interface can be indicated on the WEB browser.A JSM-6700F is connected to a LAN, and so the microscope can be controlled by a client PC. Figure. 1 shows the block diagram of SEM remote control system. The JSM-6700F has two lines to the LAN for image transfer and communication with the SEM control. in order to transfer the image, the image size squeezes from 1280 × 1024-pixels (SEM image size) to 640 × 480-pixels for quick transfer. The image signal (640 × 480-pixels) is connected to the video server only, and then the image transfers to the client PC via LAN . The SEM control communicates with client PC for external command. On the other hand, the SEM control interface and the image are indicated on WEB Browser (Internet explorer) as shown Figure 2. The SEM control interface is composed of the SEM image area and the SEM control part. The SEM image indicates the 640×480-pixels live image. This pixel number was an image quality sufficient to adjust the focus. When a high quality image is necessary, the image of 1280 × 1024-pixels is saved on the the SEM(server) side by choosing the image save button.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Jaidev, Uma Pricilda. "Transfer climate and transfer of training: the mediating role of transfer intention in hospitality organisations." International Journal of Services and Operations Management 31, no. 1 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsom.2018.094181.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Climat de transfert'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles