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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Climate change and land use change'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Bajželj, Bojana. "Land use, food security and climate change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709356.

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2

Lawrence, Peter. "Climate impacts of Australian land cover change /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18055.pdf.

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3

Mendoza, Ponce Alma Virgen. "Vulnerability of biodiversity to land use change and climate change in Mexico." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21701.

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Biodiversity in Mexico is threatened by Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC) and Climate Change (CC). Identifying what sites will be most vulnerable to these threats can help to prioritise conservation, mitigation and adaptation strategies and target limited resources. Therefore, the aims of this study are 1) to identify the most vulnerable sites to LUCCs under different socio-economic and CC scenarios, and 2) to assess the vulnerability of endemic and threatened vertebrate species to establish prioritization strategies for biodiversity conservation. Spatially explicit socio-economic scenarios were cr

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4

Peckett, Haley Rose. "Land use and climate change in Miami-Dade County." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50113.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-77).<br>Miami-Dade County, Florida, was one of the earliest jurisdictions to adopt a climate change plan in 1993. Land use features prominently in this plan as a means to reduce greenhouse gases through development patterns that allow people to lower their Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). Travel data show that average per capita VMT for the Miami area increased approximately 24% between 1993 and 2005, signifying that the land-use policies are not meeting

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5

Avise, Jeremy Charles. "Global change and regional air quality impacts of climate, land-use, and emissions changes /." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2007/J_Avise_120907.pdf.

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6

Hackett, William. "Changing Land Use, Climate, and Hydrology in the Winooski." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/99.

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This study analyzes temporal trends and periodicity in seventy years of publicly available stream discharge and climate data for the Winooski River Basin of northern Vermont as well as lake level data for adjacent Lake Champlain. We also use random sampling and manual, point-based classification of recent and historical aerial imagery to quantify land use change over the past seventy years in the 2,704 km2 Winooski River Basin of northern Vermont. We find a general increase in annual precipitation, discharge, and mean lake level with time in the basin; discharge increases 18% over the p

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7

Zhang, Wenxin. "Long-term Trend of Evapotranspiration in Sweden Affected by Climate Change or Land-use Change." Thesis, KTH, Biogeofysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96292.

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Evapotranspiration (ET) is an essential component of water cycle as it is an interlinkage between atmosphere, vegetation and soil surface in terms of energy and water balance. However, whether potential ET has the same tendency to change as actual ET and how ET trend (based on the difference between precipitation and runoff) is directly driven by dominant meteorological factors alone or combined with ecosystem‘s feedbacks to climate change (like land-use change) is still under the discussion. In this report, five ET parameterizations within two rainfall-runoff models [Coupled Heat and Mass Tra

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8

Acosta, Navarro Juan Camilo. "Anthropogenic influence on climate through changes in aerosol emissions from air pollution and land use change." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för miljövetenskap och analytisk kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-137077.

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Particulate matter suspended in air (i.e. aerosol particles) exerts a substantial influence on the climate of our planet and is responsible for causing severe public health problems in many regions across the globe. Human activities have altered the natural and anthropogenic emissions of aerosol particles through direct emissions or indirectly by modifying natural sources. The climate effects of the latter have been largely overlooked. Humans have dramatically altered the land surface of the planet causing changes in natural aerosol emissions from vegetated areas. Regulation on anthropogenic a

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9

Gottschalk, Pia. "Modelling soil organic carbon dynamics under land use and climate change." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186643.

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Soil organic matter (SOM) models simplify the complex turnover dynamics of organic matter in soils. Stabilization mechanisms are currently thought to play a dominant role in SOM turnover but they are not explicitly accounted for in most SOM models. One study addresses the implementation of an approach to account for the stabilization mechanism of physical protection in the SOC model RothC using 13C abundance measurements in conjunction with soil size fractionation data. SOM models are increasingly used to support policy decisions on carbon (C) mitigation and credibility of model predictions mo

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10

Ivakhnenko, O. M. "Efficient agro-land use in the conditions of global climate change." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/80985.

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В статті розглядаються питання ефективного землекористування в умовах кліматичних змін.<br>В статье рассматриваются вопросы эффективного землепользования в условиях климатических изменений.<br>The article considers the issues of efficient land use in the conditions of climate change.

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11

Ferreira, Marcelo Dias Paes. "Climate change, farm size and land use in Brazilian Legal Amazon." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/6632.

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Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2015-11-11T11:03:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 995495 bytes, checksum: a8798197b74f1341e64bbe98cb5c3ba2 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-11T11:03:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 995495 bytes, checksum: a8798197b74f1341e64bbe98cb5c3ba2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-17<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>A Amazônia Legal é estratégica para os indicadores ambientais e sociais brasileiros e o padrão do uso da terra nessa região influencia ta

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12

Baran, Ayden Alexander. "Integrated Model-Based Impact Assessment of Climate Change and Land Use Change on the Occoquan Watershed." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99706.

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Forecasted changes to climate and land use were used to model variations in the streamflow characteristics of Occoquan watershed and water quality in the Occoquan reservoir. The combination of these two driving forces has created four themes and an integrated complexly-linked watershed-reservoir model was used to run the simulations. Two emission scenarios from the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), along with four General Circulation Models (GCMs) by using two statistical downscaling methods, were applied to drive the Hydrological Simulation Prog

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13

Sadeghian, Amir. "Long-term hydrological modeling of 16 arable land stations, Using measured and interpolated climate data." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99345.

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The impact of anthropogenic activities on environment, especially the effect of land-use and climate changes was investigated in a series of studies. A comprehensive study of 16 research sites in different parts of Sweden was evaluated by using one dimensional hydrological model (CoupModel) to represent water and heat dynamics in layered soil profile covered with vegetation. Simulations are based on daily values and the results are representatives of variations in daily values and changes over years. The models accuracies controlled by measured run-off and snow depth values. However, there are

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14

Iram, Naima. "Greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands versus other land use." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/417680.

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Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have increased alarmingly fuelling climate change. Fossil fuel burning and land-use change are the main contributors to global GHG emissions, and their reductions are required to reduce global GHGs. Protection and conservation of coastal wetlands and agriculture management are the two main sectors that can provide the land-use based climate mitigation, with the potential to be reduced by 35-50%. Therefore, projects and policies involving coastal wetland protection and restoration are being encouraged globally important GHG mitigation approaches. However, t

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15

Ruo, Pingping. "ASSESSMENT OF WATER-RELATED PROBLEMS CONSIDERING LAND USE CHANGE AND CLIMATE CONDITION." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157559.

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16

Fazel, Modares N. (Nasim). "The role of climate and land use change in Lake Urmia desiccation." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526221021.

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Abstract Wetlands in arid and semi-arid regions are complex fragile ecosystems that are critical in maintaining and controlling environmental quality and biodiversity. These wetlands and specially closed lake systems depend on support processes in upstream parts of the basin or recharge zone, as small changes in river flow regime can cause significant changes in lake level, salinity and productivity. Recent strong alterations in river flow regimes due to climate and land use change have resulted in ecosystem degradation and desiccation of many saline lakes in arid and semi-arid regions. Becaus

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17

Ostberg, Sebastian. "Joint impacts of climate and land use change on the terrestrial biosphere." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19319.

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Es gibt zwei Hauptpfade, über die der Mensch die terrestrische Biosphäre verändert: 1) direkt durch Landnutzungswandel (LNW) und 2) indirekt durch Klimawandel (KW), welcher seinerseits zu Ökosystemveränderungen führt. Die vorliegende Dissertation unternimmt den Versuch, die vom Menschen über beide diese Pfade verursachten Veränderungen konsistent und quantitativ zu bestimmen. Die Analyse basiert auf einem integrierten Indikator für makro-skalige Veränderungen der biogeochemikalischen Eigenschaften und der Ökosystemstruktur. Große Verschiebungen bei diesen grundlegenden Bausteinen der Biosphär

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18

Humagain, Kamal. "Examining Land Use/Land Cover Change and Potential Causal Factors in the Context of Climate Change in Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1218.

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In the context of growing tourism and global warming, the fragile landscape of the Himalayas is under immense pressure because of rapid land cover changes in developing countries like Nepal. Remotely sensed data combined with ethnographic knowledge are useful tools for studying such changes. The quantitative change can be measured analyzing satellite images whereas local people’s perceptions provide supportive information. To measure such changes in Sagarmatha National Park of Nepal, Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) images since 1972 were used. Normalized Difference Vegetat

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19

Dan-Jumbo, Nimi Gibson. "Assessing the effects of urban development and climate change on flooding in the Greater Port-Harcourt watershed, Niger Delta, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28960.

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Developing countries have been rapidly urbanising over the last decades, resulting in major environmental pressures and increased vulnerability to natural disasters. A complex combination of factors, including climate change, land use change, poorly implemented regulation and a lack of integrated planning has often resulted in environmental degradation and disproportionate impacts of natural disasters affecting millions worldwide, particularly in tropical cities. The main aim of this study is to understand the effects of land-use and climate change on flooding in the Greater Port-Harcourt wate

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20

Ampomah, Richard Owusu. "Sediment Harvesting, Beneficial Use and the Impact of Climate and Land-Use/Land-Cover Change on Sediment Load." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1403478256.

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21

Umulisa, Viviane. "Investigating the relationship between land use and soil moisture variation in Suid Bokkeveld, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19992.

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This study investigated the spatial variability of soil moisture as well as changes within the soil profile of different land use types in the Suid Bokkeveld, situated to the south-west of the Nothern Cape, South Africa. This area has been experiencing harsh weather conditions that affect local agricultural production and multiple livelihood activities. The primary aim of the research was to analyse the influence of land use adopted in response to weather and climate change by studying the effects of soil moisture variations in the area. The study found that, together with depth and soil parti

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22

Xi, Xin. "Examination of mineral dust variability and linkages to climate and land-cover/land-use change over Asian drylands." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53433.

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Large uncertainties remain in estimating the anthropogenic fraction of mineral dust and the climatic impact of dust aerosol, partly due to a poor understanding of the dust source dynamics under the influence of climate variability and human-induced land-cover/land-use change (LCLUC). So far, the dust dynamics and linkage to climate and LCLUC in Central Asia have received little attention from the aerosol research community. This thesis comprises a comprehensive study of the dust dynamics in Central Asia focusing on 1) the seasonality of erosion threshold and dust emission affected by soil mois

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23

Shang, Linyuan. "Climate Change And Land Use/cover Change Impacts On Watershed Hydrology, Nutrient Dynamics – A Case Study In Missisquoi River Watershed." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1016.

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Watershed regulation of water, carbon and nutrient dynamics support food, drinking water and human development. Projected climate changes and land use/cover change (LUCC) have been identified as drivers of watershed nutrient and hydrological processes and are likely to happen jointly in the future decades. Studying climate change and LUCC impacts on watersheds' streamflow and nutrients dynamics is therefore essential for future watershed management. This research aimed to unveil how climate change and LUCC affect water and nutrient dynamics in the Missisquoi River watershed, Vermont. We used 1

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24

Gebrehiwot, Worku Zewdie Verfasser], Elmar [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Csaplovics, Marcus [Gutachter] [Nüsser, and Michael [Gutachter] Köhl. "Climate, land use and vegetation trends : Implication of land use change and climate change on northwestern drylands of Ethiopia / Worku Zewdie Gebrehiwot ; Gutachter: Elmar Csaplovics, Marcus Nüsser, Michael Köhl ; Betreuer: Elmar Csaplovics." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114068063/34.

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Gebrehiwot, Worku Zewdie [Verfasser], Elmar Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Csaplovics, Marcus [Gutachter] [Nüsser, and Michael [Gutachter] Köhl. "Climate, land use and vegetation trends : Implication of land use change and climate change on northwestern drylands of Ethiopia / Worku Zewdie Gebrehiwot ; Gutachter: Elmar Csaplovics, Marcus Nüsser, Michael Köhl ; Betreuer: Elmar Csaplovics." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114068063/34.

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26

Lapola, David Montenegro [Verfasser]. "Modeling the interplay between land use, bioenergy production and climate change / David Montenegro Lapola." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1006192484/34.

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27

Robillard, Cassandra. "Prioritizing Areas for Habitat Conservation in the Face of Climate and Land-Use Change." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34499.

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The selection of sites for biodiversity conservation is best done if it anticipates future challenges and efficiently accomplishes targets, given limited funding for such efforts. The first chapter of this thesis discusses how conservation practitioners might manage and enhance long-term survival for species whose ranges must shift as climate changes, across regions that present significant mobility barriers. I describe recommendations highlighting connectivity, refugia from climate change, adaptation, and restoration within agricultural landscapes in North America, but these recommendations a

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28

Zahabiyoun, Bagher. "Stochastic generation of daily streamflow data incorporating land use and/or climate change effects." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/733.

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In the stochastic hydrology literature, suitable time series modelling approaches have been developed for modelling daily streamflow. However, problems arise with this approach if changes are occurring to the precipitation regime generating the historic streamflow data, or if land-use changes are occurring within the catchment which may alter the water balance and the streamflow regime. Traditional time series modelling approaches employ historic streamflow data only and will generate synthetic data which are representative only of the historic conditions. It is not possible to predict how the

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29

Tsarouchi, Georgia-Marina. "Modelling land-use and climate change impacts on hydrology : the Upper Ganges river basin." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24809.

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This thesis explores the effects that large-scale land-use/cover change (LUCC) and climate change pose to the terrestrial water cycle, by developing a case study in the Upper Ganges (UG) river basin, in India. In an area experiencing rapid rates of LUCC and changes in irrigation practices, historic land-use maps are developed, based on satellite images, to investigate historical trends of LUCC. Future projection scenarios of LUCC for years up to 2035 are derived from Markov chain analysis. To explore the impacts of those changes in hydrology, the generated maps are used to force the Land Surfa

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30

Götzinger, Jens. "Distributed conceptual hydrological modelling - simulation of climate, land use change impact and uncertainty analysis." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-33499.

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31

Blanco, González Víctor. "Modelling adaptation strategies for Swedish forestry under climate and global change." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25380.

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Adaptation is necessary to cope with, or take advantage of, the effects of climate change on socio-ecological systems. This is especially important in the forestry sector, which is sensitive to the ecological and economic impacts of climate change, and where the adaptive decisions of owners play out over long periods of time. These decisions are subject to experienced and expected impacts, and depend upon the temporal interactions of a range of individual and institutional actors. Knowledge of, and responses to, climate change are therefore very important if forestry is to cope with, or take a

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32

Rizzo, Rodnei. "Effects of climate change and land use change on the water balance components of the Xingu river basin, southeastern Amazon." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-21012019-144713/.

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In the southern of the Amazon basin, extensive deforestation associated with global climate change have impacted the regional water cycle. Predictions indicate that future alteration might cause even higher pressure over regional water resources. The goal of this study was to perform a detailed evaluation of past changes in the water resources of the upper Xingu basin, a region which is broadly representative of southern Amazon. The evaluation consisted of characterizing alterations in medium and long-term time series of rainfall, river discharge, evapotranspiration and total water storage cha

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33

Liu, Shuguang, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Lena R. Boysen, et al. "Grand Challenges in Understanding the Interplay of Climate and Land Changes." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624354.

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Half of Earth's land surface has been altered by human activities, creating various consequences on the climate and weather systems at local to global scales, which in turn affect a myriad of land surface processes and the adaptation behaviors. This study reviews the status and major knowledge gaps in the interactions of land and atmospheric changes and present 11 grand challenge areas for the scientific research and adaptation community in the coming decade. These land-cover and land-use change (LCLUC)-related areas include 1) impacts on weather and climate, 2) carbon and other biogeochemical

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Onyango, Esther Achieng. "Climate Change and Malaria: An Integrated Risk Assessment of Rural Communities in East Africa." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/370358.

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Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the twenty-first century, responsible directly or indirectly for approximately 12.6 million of all deaths globally and projected to cause an additional 250,000 deaths each year. A key area of concern is how climate change will influence the incidence, and spread of infectious diseases such as malaria. Approximately 3.3 billion, or half of the world’s population, are at risk from malaria and under climate change projections; this number is estimated to rise by 1.6 million by the year 2030 and by 1.8 million by the year 2050. Thus, understand

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35

Mango, Liya M. "Modeling the Effect of Land Use and Climate Change Scenarios on the Water Flux of the Upper Mara River Flow, Kenya." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/159.

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Increasingly erratic flow in the upper reaches of the Mara River, has directed attention to land use change as the major cause of this problem. The semi-distributed hydrological model SWAT and Landsat imagery were utilized in order to 1) map existing land use practices, 2) determine the impacts of land use change on water flux; and 3) determine the impacts of climate change scenarios on the water flux of the upper Mara River. This study found that land use change scenarios resulted in more erratic discharge while climate change scenarios had a more predictable impact on the discharge and water

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Siswanto, Shantosa Yudha. "Impact Evaluation of Future Climate and Land Use Scenarios on Water and Sediment Regime using Distributed Hydrological Modelling in a Tropical Rainforest Catchment in West Java (Indonesia)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/153152.

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[EN] Climate change has occurred in Indonesia, for example, increasing the surface air temperature, including in the Upper Citarum watershed. This phenomenon leads to a lack of water in the dry season, which lowers agriculture production and remains a great obstacle for agricultural activity. Meanwhile, human activity has produced severe LULC changes within the Upper Citarum watershed. This occurs due to the demands of the ever-increasing population growth in the region. As a result, rice field and forested areas have been sacrificed to compensate the urban increment. The general objective of

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Kalantari, Zahra. "Road structures under climate and land use change : Bridging the gap between science and application." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140631.

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Future changes in climate and land use are likely to affect catchment hydrological responses and consequently influence the amount of runoff reaching roads. Blockages and damage to under-dimensioned infrastructure can be extremely costly for the regions affected. This study aims to produce scientifically well-founded suggestions on adaptation of road drainage systems to climate changes resulting in more frequent floods. This thesis demonstrates the need to integrate aspects of climate change and land use impacts into the planning and practice of road construction and maintenance in Sweden. Too

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38

Lawrence, Brendan W. "Determining Heat Island Response to Varying Land Cover Changes Between 2004 and 2017 Within the City of Reno, Nevada." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10932769.

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<p> The objective of this research was to investigate the role of land cover changes through time in influencing spatial variability of the surface urban heat island of the metropolitan area of Reno-Sparks, Nevada. Free and widely available thermal data from Landsat 7 ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) sensor was gathered for a period between 2004 and 2017 and processed to at-satellite surface temperature. Using parcel data and the National Land Cover Database, the time series of Landsat data was sampled for areas which had undergone development during that time. This sample was cross-valida

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Kumar, Navneet [Verfasser]. "Impacts of Climate change and Land use change on the Water resources of the Upper Kharun Catchment, Chhattisgarh, India / Navneet Kumar." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1077268912/34.

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Sabellek, Katharina [Verfasser]. "Impact of Land Use and Climate Change on Plant Diversity Patterns in Africa / Katharina Sabellek." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1016248784/34.

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41

Müller, Christoph. "Climate change and global land-use patterns : quantifying the human impact on the terrestrial biosphere." Hamburg Max-Planck-Inst. für Meteorologie, 2007. http://www.mpimet.mpg.de/fileadmin/publikationen/Reports/WEBB̲zE4̲1.pdf.

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42

Jaramillo, Fernando. "Changes in the Freshwater System : Distinguishing Climate and Landscape Drivers." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113101.

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Freshwater is a vital resource that circulates between the atmosphere, the land and the sea. Understanding and quantifying changes to the partitioning of precipitation into evapotranspiration, runoff and water storage change in the landscape are required for assessing changes to freshwater availability. However, the partitioning processes and their changes are complex due to multiple change drivers and effects. This thesis investigates and aims to identify and separate the effects of atmospheric climate change and various landscape drivers on long-term freshwater change. This is done based on

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Le, Lance Olot. "Modeling stream discharge and nitrate loading in the Iowa-Cedar River basin under climate and land use change." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1872.

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A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was developed for the Iowa-Cedar River Basin (ICRB), a 32,660 km2 watershed dominated by agricultural land cover (∼70%) to simulate hydrology and water quality for the prediction of stream discharge, nitrate loads, and nitrate concentration under climate and land use change scenarios. Iowa exports as much as 20% of the nitrogen entering the Gulf of Mexico at the mouth of the Mississippi, contributing to Gulf hypoxia as well as local threats to water quality in the ICRB. The model utilized a combined autocalibration and sensitivity procedure incorpo

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44

Yang, Zhao, and Zhao Yang. "Land-Atmosphere Interactions Due to Anthropogenic and Natural Changes in the Land Surface: A Numerical Modeling." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623069.

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Alterations to the land surface can be attributed to both human activity and natural variability. Human activities, such as urbanization and irrigation, can change the conditions of the land surface by altering albedo, soil moisture, aerodynamic roughness length, the partitioning of net radiation into sensible and latent heat, and other surface characteristics. On the other hand, natural variability, manifested through changes in atmospheric circulation, can also induce land surface changes. These regional scale land surface changes, induced either by humans or natural variability, can effecti

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Ylänne, H. (Henni). "Herbivory control over tundra carbon storage under climate change." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215105.

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Abstract Air temperatures in high-latitude regions are anticipated to rise by several degrees by the end of the century and result in substantial northward shifts of species. These changes will likely affect the source and sink dynamics of greenhouse gases and possibly lead to a net carbon release from high-latitude soils to the atmosphere. However, regional differences in carbon cycling depend highly on the vegetation community composition, which may be controlled by the abundance of herbivores. I investigated whether mammalian herbivores, mainly reindeer and rodents, alter ecosystem carbon s

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Peach, Michelle. "Evaluating the Role of Protected Areas in Mitigating Avian Responses to Climate and Land Use Change." Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10623168.

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<p>Billions of dollars have been invested in land protection as a strategy to conserve biodiversity based on the assumption that protected areas buffer species from processes that drive extinction. Increasingly, protected area expansion and connectivity are being incorporated into climate change adaptation strategies to facilitate anticipated shifts in species ranges in response to predicted changes in temperature and precipitation. However, the effectiveness of protected areas at maintaining biodiversity, either by reducing the risk of extinction or facilitating colonization into new areas, h

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Schwantes, Ana Paula. "Agricultural resource efficiency and reduction of impacts under land-use and climate change scenarios in Brazil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-02102017-094321/.

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Cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome and originally corresponded to 24% of the national territory, and since the 1970´s has been under agriculture and cattle activities. Soybean and maize are two of the most important grain-crops found in this region, with an estimated production of approximately 223 millions of tons in the Brazilian 2016/17 harvest. Changes in soil physical properties due to soil management affect productivity. Possible changes in climatic variables may also affect agricultural productivity, either per unit area (land productivity) or per unit of water volume (water

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Hayes, Nicole M. "Climate and watershed land use as drivers of change in phytoplankton community structure and ecosystem function." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1434464484.

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Mwangi, Hosea M., Stefan Julich, Sopan D. Patil, Morag A. McDonald, and Karl-Heinz Feger. "Relative contribution of land use change and climate variability on discharge of upper Mara River, Kenya." Elsevier, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30418.

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Study region Nyangores River watershed, headwater catchment of Mara River basin in Kenya. Study focus Climate variability and human activities are the main drivers of change of watershed hydrology. The contribution of climate variability and land use change to change in streamflow of Nyangores River, was investigated. Mann Kendall and sequential Mann Kendall tests were used to investigate the presence and breakpoint of a trend in discharge data (1965–2007) respectively. The Budyko framework was used to separate the respective contribution of drivers to change in discharge. Future response o

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Pasanen, Mortensen Marianne. "Anthropogenic impact on predator guilds and ecosystem processes : Apex predator extinctions, land use and climate change." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100720.

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Humans affect ecosystems by changing species compositions, landscape and climate. This thesis aims to increase our understanding of anthropogenic effects on mesopredator abundance due to changes in apex predator status, landscape and climate. I show that in Eurasia the abundance of a mesopredator, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), is limited top-down by the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) and bottom-up by winter severity. However, where lynx has been eradicated, fox abundance is instead related to bottom-factors such as cropland (paper I, II). Fox abundance was highest when croplands constituted 25% of t

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