Academic literature on the topic 'Climate change model'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Climate change model.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Climate change model"

1

Ogutu, Benjamin Keroboto Za'Ngoti. "Energy balance mathematical model on climate change." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066224/document.

Full text
Abstract:
Dans cet étude, un modèle de complexité réduite des interactions et rétroactions du système couplé climat-économie-biosphère est construit avec le minimum de variables et d'équations nécessaires. Le Coupled Climate-Economy-Biosphere (CoCEB) est un modèle d’évaluation intégrée (IAM pour Integrated assessment model) du changement globale. Alors que beaucoup IAM traitent les coûts de réduction des émissions (abattement) simplement comme une perte non productive de revenu, cet étude considère également les activités d’abattement comme un investissement dans l'efficacité énergétique globale de l'économie et dans la diminution de l’ « intensité carbone » du système énergétique. L’étude montre que ces efforts aident à l’abattement du changement climatique et ont un effet positif sur l’économie. La plupart des IAM actuels se concentrent principalement sur le secteur énergétique pour les mesures d’abattement, et ne tiennent compte des émissions provenant de l'utilisation des terres que comme un forçage exogène. Le CoCEB a donc été étendu en ajoutant une équation pour la biomasse ses échanges de carbone. Cela permet d’étudier les aspects économiques de la séquestration de carbone du au contrôle du déboisement dans les forêts, et aussi à l’application généralisée des technologies de capture et stockage du carbone (CCS). L’étude confirme que ces mesures réduisent l’impact du changement climatique sur la croissance économique, mais ces résultats restent très dépendants des grandes incertitudes sur le cout des CCS et du contrôle de la deforestation. Ce modèle est un cadre formel qui représente de façon simple les différents éléments du système couplé et leurs interactions, il rassemble les différentes estimations des coûts afférents aux mesures de mitigation et permet de les comparer de façon cohérente<br>The goal of this study is to build a global reduced-complexity model of coupled climate-economy-biosphere interactions, which uses the minimum number of variables and equations needed to capture the fundamental mechanisms involved and can thus help clarify the role of the different mechanisms and parameters. The Coupled Climate-Economy-Biosphere (CoCEB) model takes an integrated assessment approach to simulating global change. While many integrated assessment models treat abatement costs merely as an unproductive loss of income, the study considered abatement activities also as an investment in overall energy efficiency of the economy and decrease of overall carbon intensity of the energy system. The study shows that these efforts help to abate climate change and lead to positive effects in economic growth. Due to the fact that integrated assessment models in the literature mainly focus on mitigation in the energy sector and consider emissions from land-use as exogenous, the global climate-economy-biosphere (CoCEB) model was extended by adding a biomass equation and the related exchanges of CO2 and used to investigate the relationship between the effects of using carbon capture and storage (CCS) and deforestation control, and the economy growth rate. These measures are found to reduce the impacts of climate change and positively affect the economy growth. These results remain nevertheless sensitive to the formulation of CCS costs while those for deforestation control were less sensitive. The model developed brings together and summarizes information from diverse estimates of climate change mitigation measures and their associated costs, and allows comparing them in a coherent way
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Zhou, Jian. "Integrating geospatial web 2.0 and global climate model for communicating climate change." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114508.

Full text
Abstract:
This study investigates the use of Geospatial Web 2.0 and Global Climate Models for climate change communication. The aim of this research has been to integrate the data, models, and tools of climate science with Geoweb to advance climate change communication. Several Geoweb applications have been developed to demonstrate the solutions for this integration and to fulfil two research objectives: (1) develop a method to employ Geoweb technologies for communicating climate change, (2) improve the accessibility of Global Climate Model by providing tools to engage people in the practice of climate science as well as the fundamental procedures involved in global climate modeling. My research method is to extend Geoweb functionality to existing climate science tools, with the goal of easing the interface and increasing the interactivity of those tools to elaborate the scientific process of climate modeling. Geoweb has the power to manipulate climate change datasets from diverse sources for creating interactive climate change visualization. This power can be further enhanced if we integrate Geoweb with scientific climate data analysis and visualization systems. Nonetheless, Geoweb technologies that provide 2D visualization are more stable, faster, and popularly used than the 3D visualization. It is more robust to use Geoweb for climate model output. Instead, employing Geoweb for other aspects of global climate model requires close cooperation between climate modeling scientists and Geoweb technology experts due to its complexity. It is crucial to balance an easy-to-use user interface and the complexity of information transferred. Following this study, it is hoped that much more efforts from global climate modeling groups and Geoweb science researchers can be drawn together to facilitate climate change communication.<br>Cette étude porte sur l'utilisation de Géospatiales Web 2.0 et Modèle Climatique Global pour le communication du changement climatique. Le but de cette recherche a été d'intégrer les données, les modèles et les outils de la science du climat avec Geoweb pour faire progresser la communication du changement climatique. Plusieurs applications de GeoWeb ont été développés pour démontrer les solutions de cette intégration et de remplir deux objectifs de recherche: (1) développer une méthode d' utiliser les technologies GeoWeb pour communiquer du changement climatique, (2) améliorer l'accessibilité de Modèle Climatique Global en fournissant des outils pour engager personnes dans la pratique de la science du climat, ainsi que les procédures fondamentales liées à la modélisation du climat mondial. Ma méthode de recherche est d'étendre les fonctionnalités de Geoweb à des outils existants des sciences du climat, dans le but d'alléger l'interface et en augmentant l'interactivité de ces outils pour élaborer le processus scientifique de la modélisation du climat. Geoweb a le pouvoir de manipuler des ensembles de données du changement climatique provenant de diverses sources pour créer une visualisation interactive du changement climatique. Ce pouvoir peut être encore améliorée si l'on intègre Geoweb avec analyse scientifique des données climatiques et des systèmes de visualisation. Néanmoins, les technologies GeoWeb qui fournissent une visualisation 2D sont plus stables, plus rapide et couramment utilisée que la visualisation 3D. Il est plus robuste à utiliser Geoweb pour la sortie des modèles climatiques. Au lieu de cela, en utilisant Geoweb pour d'autres aspects du modèle climatique global nécessite des coopérations étroites entre les scientifiques de modélisation du climat et des experts en technologie de GeoWeb en raison de sa complexité. Il est essentiel d'équilibrer un outil facile à utiliser l'interface utilisateur et la complexité des informations transférées. Suite à cette étude, il est à espérer que beaucoup plus d'efforts de groupes mondiaux de modélisation du climat et des chercheurs en sciences GeoWeb peuvent être réunis pour faciliter la communication pour le changement climatique.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Wi, Sungwook. "Impact of Climate Change on Hydroclimatic Variables." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265344.

Full text
Abstract:
The conventional approach to the frequency analysis of extreme rainfall is complicated by non-stationarity resulting from climate change. In this study significant trends in extreme rainfall are detected using statistical trend tests (Mann-Kendall test and t-test) for all over the Korean Peninsula. The violation of the stationarity for 1 hour annual maximum series is detected for large part of the area especially for southwestern and northeastern regions. For stations showing non-stationarity, the non-stationary generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution model with a location parameter in the form of linear function of time makes significant improvement in modeling rainfall extremes when compared to the stationary GEV model. The Bartlett-Lewis rainfall model is used to generate annual maximum series for the purpose of generating the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curve. Using 100 sets of 50 year synthetic annual maxima, it is found that the observed annual rainfall maximum series are reasonably represented by the model. The observed data is perturbed by change factors to incorporate the climate change scenario from the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) regional climate model into IDF estimates. The IDF curves for the future period 2040-2079 show highest estimates for all return periods and rainfall durations. The future IDF estimates show significant difference from the IDF estimates of the historical period (1968-2000). Overall, IDF curves show an increasing tendency over time. A historical and future climate simulation is evaluated over the Colorado River Basin using a 111-year simulation (1969-2079) of the WRF climate change scenario. We find the future projections show statistically significant increases in temperature with larger increases in the northern part of the basin. There are statistically insignificant increases in precipitation, while snowfall shows a statistically significant decrease throughout the period in all but the highest elevations and latitudes. The strongest decrease in snowfall is seen at high elevations in the southern part of the basin and low elevations in the northern part of the basin.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Alberth, Stephan Eric. "Valuing technical change information in an integrated assessment model of climate change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613302.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Otto, Vincent M., Andreas Loeschel, and John M. Reilly. "Directed Technical Change and Climate Policy." MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32541.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper studies the cost effectiveness of climate policy if there are technology externalities. For this purpose, we develop a forward-looking CGE model that captures empirical links between CO2 emissions associated with energy use, directed technical change and the economy. We find the cost-effective climate policy to include a combination of R&D subsidies and CO2 emission constraints, although R&D subsidies raise the shadow value of the CO2 constraint (i.e. CO2 price) because of a strong rebound effect from stimulating innovation. Furthermore, we find that CO2 constraints differentiated toward CO2-intensive sectors are more cost effective than constraints that generate uniform CO2 prices among sectors. Differentiated CO2 prices, through technical change and concomitant technology externalities, encourage growth in the non-CO2 intensive sectors and discourage growth in CO2-intensive sectors. Thus, it is cost effective to let the latter bear relatively more of the abatement burden. This result is robust to whether emission constraints, R&D subsidies or combinations of both are used to reduce CO2 emissions.<br>Abstract in HTML and technical report in PDF available on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change website (http://mit.edu/globalchange/www/).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Gars, Johan. "Essays on the Macroeconomics of Climate Change." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-74555.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis consists of three essays on macroeconomic aspects of climate change. Technological Trends and the Intertemporal Incentives For Fossil-Fuel Use analyzes how (the expectations about) the future developments of different kinds of technology affect the intertemporal incentives for fossil-fuel use. I find that improvements in the future state of technologies for alternative-energy generation, energy efficiency and total factor productivity all increase fossil-fuel use before the change takes place. The effect of changes in the efficiency of non-energy inputs is the reverse, while the effect of changes in fossil-fuel based energy technology is ambiguous. These conclusions are robust to a number of variations of the assumptions made. The Role of the Nature of Damages considers to what extent the choice of modeling climate impacts as affecting productivity, utility or the depreciation of capital affects the behavior of integrated assessment models. I carry out my analysis in two different ways. Firstly, under some simplifying assumptions, I derive a simple formula for the optimal tax on fossil-fuel use that adds up the three different types of climate effects. Secondly, I use a two-period model with exogenous climate to analyze how the allocation of fossil-fuel use over time is affected by the effects of climate change. I find that this is sensitive to the assumptions made. Indirect Effects of Climate Change investigates how direct effects of climate change in some countries have indirect effects on other countries going through changing world market prices of goods and financial instruments. When calculating the total effects of climate change, these indirect effects must also be taken into account. I first derive these indirect effects in a many-country model. Reaching agreements about reductions in the emissions of greenhouse gases is made difficult by the negative correlation there seems to be between emissions of greenhouse gases and the vulnerability to climate change. I argue, based on a stylized two country example, that trade in goods will tend to make the countries' interests more aligned while trade in financial instruments will tend to make the countries' interests less aligned.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Betts, Richard Arthur. "Modelling the influence of the vegetated land surface on climate and climate change." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312335.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Conradie, Willem Stefaan. "Conceptualising and quantifying the nonlinear, chaotic climate: implications for climate model experimental design." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16527.

Full text
Abstract:
Includes bibliographical references<br>Uncertainty in climate system initial conditions (ICs) is known to limit the predictability of future atmospheric states. On weather time scales (i.e. hours to days), the separation between two atmospheric model trajectories, initially "indistinguishable" (compared to unavoidable uncertainties) from one another, diverges exponentially-on-average over time, so that the "memory" of model ICs is eventually lost. In other words, there is a theoretical limit in the lead time for skilful weather forecasts. However, the influence of perturbations to climate system model ICs - particularly in more slowly evolving climate system components (e.g., the oceans and ice sheets) - on the evolution of model "climates" on longer time scales is less well understood. Hence, in order to better understand the role of IC uncertainty in climate predictability, particularly in the context of climate change, it is necessary to develop approaches for investigating and quantifying - at various spatial and temporal scales - the nature of the influence of ICs on the evolution of climate system trajectories. To this end, this study explores different conceptualisations and competing definitions of climate and the climate system, focussing on the role of ICs. The influence of ICs on climate quantifications, using probability distributions, is subsequently investigated in a climate model experiments using a low-resolution version of the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4). The model experiment consists of 11 different 50-member ensemble simulations with constant forcing, and three 50-member ensemble simulations under a climate change scenario with transient forcing. By analysing the output at global and regional scales, at least three distinct levels of IC influence are detected: (a) microscopic influence; (b) interannual-scale influence; and (c) intercentennial-scale influence. Distinct patterns of interannual-scale IC influence appear to be attributable to aperiodic and quasi-periodic variability in the model. It is found that, over some spatial domains, significant (p < 0.01) differences in atmospheric variable "climatologies", taken from 60-year distributions of model trajectories, occur due to IC differences of a similar order to round-off error. In addition, climate distributions constructed using different approaches are found to differ significantly. There is some evidence that ensemble distributions of multidecadal temperature response to transient forcing conditions can be influenced by ICs. The implications for quantifying and conceptualising climate are considered in the context of the experimental results. It is concluded that IC ensemble experiments can play a valuable role in better understanding climate variability and change, as well as allowing for superior quantification of model climates.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Yettella, Vineel. "The Role of Internal Variability in Climate Change Projections within an Initial Condition Climate Model Ensemble." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10981737.

Full text
Abstract:
<p> Unforced internal variability abounds in the climate system and often confounds the identification of climate change due to external forcings. Given that greenhouse gas concentrations are projected to increase for the foreseeable future, separating forced climate change from internal variability is a key concern with important implications. Here, we leverage a 40-member ensemble, the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM-LE) to investigate the influence of internal variability on the detection of forced changes in two climate phenomena. First, using cyclone identification and compositing techniques within the CESM-LE, we investigate precipitation changes in extratropical cyclones under greenhouse gas forcing and the effect of internal variability on the detection of these changes. We find that the ensemble projects increased cyclone precipitation under twenty-first century business-as-usual greenhouse gas forcing and this response exceeds internal variability in both near- and far- futures. Further, we find that these changes are almost entirely driven by increases in cyclone moisture. Next, we explore the role of internal variability in projections of the annual cycle of surface temperature over Northern Hemisphere land. Internal variability strongly confounds forced changes in the annual cycle over many regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Changes over Europe, North Africa and Siberia, however, are large and easily detectable and further, are remarkably robust across model ensembles from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) archive. Using a simple energy balance model, we find that changes in the annual cycle over the three regions are mostly driven by changes in surface heat fluxes. </p><p> The thesis also presents a novel ensemble-based framework for diagnosing forced changes in regional climate variability. Changes in climate variability are commonly assessed in terms of changes in the variances of climate variables. The covariance response has received much less attention, despite the existence of large-scale modes of variability that induce covariations in climate variables over a wide range of spatial scales. Addressing this, the framework facilitiates a unified assessment of forced changes in the regional variances and covariances of climate variables.</p><p>
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Clark, Logan N. "Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!