Academic literature on the topic 'Climate exploitation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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Portilla, Jesus, Jeison Sosa, and Luigi Cavaleri. "Wave energy resources: Wave climate and exploitation." Renewable Energy 57 (September 2013): 594–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.02.032.
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Diesel, Rick, and Caren Brenda Scheepers. "Innovation climate mediating complexity leadership and ambidexterity." Personnel Review 48, no. 7 (November 4, 2019): 1782–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2018-0445.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between complexity leadership and contextual ambidexterity as well as the mediating effect of organisational innovation climate in this link. This study is an answer to a call on which leadership approach and mediating factors can meet today’s seemingly contradictory challenges of efficiently managing business demands, while simultaneously searching for new opportunities. Design/methodology/approach The researchers analysed 1,204 usable survey responses from employees of South African organisations. Analysis was in the form of structural equation modelling. Mediation analysis was carried out on estimates of the indirect effect. Findings Results show that complexity leadership was a strong predictor of innovation climate; in turn, innovation climate positively impacts exploratory innovation by 64 per cent; complexity leadership and innovation climate positively affect exploitation by 57 per cent. The innovation climate plays a total mediator role between complexity leadership and exploratory innovation and a partial effect on exploitation. Practical implications This study gives human resource management (HRM) insight into strategically directing leadership recruitment and development towards creating an organisational climate to enhance ambidexterity. HRM must conduct regular climate surveys to ascertain whether current leadership is creating an environment that enables exploratory and exploitative innovation. Originality/value The authors’ contribution includes a theoretical contribution to the emerging field of complexity leadership by offering conceptual as well as empirical evidence of its role in ambidexterity. This study extends previous research in highlighting organisational climate’s mediating role of being open to new ideas to enable exploratory innovation.
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Datta, Kausik, Karen H. Bartlett, and Kieren A. Marr. "Cryptococcus gattii: Emergence in Western North America: Exploitation of a Novel Ecological Niche." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2009 (2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/176532.
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The relatively uncommon fungal pathogenCryptococcus gattiirecently emerged as a significant cause of cryptococcal disease in human and animals in the Pacific Northwest of North America. Although genetic studies indicated its possible presence in the Pacific Northwest for more than 30 years,C. gattiias an etiological agent was largely unknown in this region prior to 1999. The recent emergence may have been encouraged by changing conditions of climate or land use and/or host susceptibility, and predictive ecological niche modeling indicates a potentially wider spread.C. gattiican survive wide climatic variations and colonize the environment in tropical, subtropical, temperate, and dry climates. Long-term climate changes, such as the significantly elevated global temperature in the last 100 years, influence patterns of disease among plants and animals and create niche microclimates habitable by emerging pathogens.C. gattiimay have exploited such a hitherto unrecognized but clement environment in the Pacific Northwest to provide a wider exposure and risk of infection to human and animal populations.
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Hirst, Giles, Daan van Knippenberg, Qin Zhou, Cherrie Jiuhua Zhu, and Philip Cheng-Fei Tsai. "Exploitation and Exploration Climates’ Influence on Performance and Creativity: Diminishing Returns as Function of Self-Efficacy." Journal of Management 44, no. 3 (July 29, 2015): 870–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206315596814.
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In response to calls for multilevel research examining individual and meso-level processes to understand how exploitation and exploration dynamics play out in teams, we propose that individual in-role performance (cf. exploitation) and creativity (cf. exploration) are associated with team exploitation and exploration climate respectively, and this influence is moderated by domain specific performance and creative self-efficacy respectively. Studying 317 engineers in 70 teams across three national regions, we theorize and find domain-specific evidence that when individual self-efficacy is high, team climate has diminishing performance (exploitation climate × performance self-efficacy) and creative (exploration climate × creative self-efficacy) benefits. By simultaneously studying creativity and performance, our study helps understand the differences and communalities in the drivers of those outcomes in identifying both the domain-specific character of these influences and the similarity in how these influences play out.
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Zuo, Xinxin, Houyuan Lu, Zhen Li, Bing Song, Deke Xu, Yafei Zou, Can Wang, Xiujia Huan, and Keyang He. "Phytolith and diatom evidence for rice exploitation and environmental changes during the early mid-Holocene in the Yangtze Delta." Quaternary Research 86, no. 3 (November 2016): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2016.08.001.
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AbstractUsing phytolith analysis from a well-dated and high-resolution sediment sequence in the apex of northern Yangtze Delta, we investigate environmental changes, the rise and decline of rice exploitation and possible impacts of environment on rice exploitation during the early mid-Holocene. The phytolith sequence documents a relatively warm and dry interval during ca.9000 to 8200 cal yr BP, followed by climatic amelioration before 7200 cal yr BP. Phytolith evidence indicates that rice exploitation at the apex of northern Yangtze Delta began at 8200 cal yr BP, flourished by 7700 cal yr BP and ceased after 7400 cal yr BP. The first emergence of marine diatom species approximately 7300 cal yr BP likely indicates an accelerated sea-level rise. The apparent correlation of the initiation of rice exploitation with climatic amelioration during the early mid-Holocene suggests that climatic changes may have played an important role in facilitating rice exploitation. Both the ideal climatic conditions and stable sea level enabled flourishing rice exploitation during 8200 to 7400 cal yr BP. Although the climate remained warm and wet after 7400 cal yr BP, local sea-level rise possibly led to the termination of earlier rice exploitation at this site of the northern Yangtze Delta.
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Kumar, Jitendra, Arbind K. Choudhary, Debjyoti Sen Gupta, and Shiv Kumar. "Towards Exploitation of Adaptive Traits for Climate-Resilient Smart Pulses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122971.
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Pulses are the main source of protein and minerals in the vegetarian diet. These are primarily cultivated on marginal lands with few inputs in several resource-poor countries of the world, including several in South Asia. Their cultivation in resource-scarce conditions exposes them to various abiotic and biotic stresses, leading to significant yield losses. Furthermore, climate change due to global warming has increased their vulnerability to emerging new insect pests and abiotic stresses that can become even more serious in the coming years. The changing climate scenario has made it more challenging to breed and develop climate-resilient smart pulses. Although pulses are climate smart, as they simultaneously adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change, their narrow genetic diversity has always been a major constraint to their improvement for adaptability. However, existing genetic diversity still provides opportunities to exploit novel attributes for developing climate-resilient cultivars. The mining and exploitation of adaptive traits imparting tolerance/resistance to climate-smart pulses can be accelerated further by using cutting-edge approaches of biotechnology such as transgenics, genome editing, and epigenetics. This review discusses various classical and molecular approaches and strategies to exploit adaptive traits for breeding climate-smart pulses.
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Akil, Hussein, Philippe Robert-Demontrond, and Julien Bouillé. "Exploitation of mortality salience in communication on climate change." Recherche et Applications en Marketing (English Edition) 33, no. 1 (January 11, 2018): 2–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051570717745839.
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This research focuses on the effectiveness of anxiety-inducing communication for mobilizing consumers against climate change. Based on terror management theory (TMT), we show that this register can be counterproductive in generating consumer choices that run counter to pro-environmental logics. In particular, we report the results of an experiment ( N = 132) testing the influence of the type of communication (anxiogenic vs informative) on consumer choices (pro-materialistic vs pro-environmental). The results reveal that people’s consumption choices depend on their cultural worldviews (i.e. materialistic vs environmentalist) and the type of communication used. The effectiveness of communication strategies on climate change is then discussed in terms of people’s cultural worldview.
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Li, Peixian, Wenquan Zhu, Zhiying Xie, and Kun Qiao. "Integration of multiple climate models to predict range shifts and identify management priorities of the endangered Taxus wallichiana in the Himalaya–Hengduan Mountain region." Journal of Forestry Research 31, no. 6 (July 10, 2019): 2255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01009-5.
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Abstract Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (Himalayan yew) is subject to international and national conservation measures because of its over-exploitation and decline over the last 30 years. Predicting the impact of climate change on T. wallichiana’s distribution might help protect the wild populations and plan effective ex situ measures or cultivate successfully. Considering the complexity of climates and the uncertainty inherent in climate modeling for mountainous regions, we integrated three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) (i.e., RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) based on datasets from 14 Global Climate Models of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 to: (1) predict the potential distribution of T. wallichiana under recent past (1960–1990, hereafter “current”) and future (2050s and 2070s) scenarios with the species distribution model MaxEnt.; and (2) quantify the climatic factors influencing the distribution. In respond to the future warming climate scenarios, (1) highly suitable areas for T. wallichiana would decrease by 31–55% at a rate of 3–7%/10a; (2) moderately suitable areas would decrease by 20–30% at a rate of 2–4%/10a; (3) the average elevation of potential suitable sites for T. wallichiana would shift up-slope by 390 m (15%) to 948 m (36%) at a rate of 42–100 m/10a. Average annual temperature (contribution rate ca. 61%), isothermality and temperature seasonality (20%), and annual precipitation (17%) were the main climatic variables affecting T. wallichiana habitats. Prior protected areas and suitable planting areas must be delimited from the future potential distributions, especially the intersection areas at different suitability levels. It is helpful to promote the sustainable utilization of this precious resource by prohibiting exploitation and ex situ restoring wild resources, as well as artificially planting considering climate suitability.
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Zuraik, Abdelrahman, and Louise Kelly. "The role of CEO transformational leadership and innovation climate in exploration and exploitation." European Journal of Innovation Management 22, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-10-2017-0142.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship among CEO transformational leadership, innovation climate and organizational innovation through exploration and exploitation. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire, designed as a self-reported survey, was distributed to individuals working in teams in US-based corporations, with a collected sample size of 215 organizations. Findings Results show that CEO transformational leadership has a direct positive effect on organizational innovation and an indirect effect through innovation climate. CEO leadership is more impactful for exploitation, compared to innovation climate, which has more influence on exploration. Research limitations/implications This study is the first to integrate CEO transformational leadership and innovation climate with exploration and exploitation outcomes. A research limitation is that there is a higher percentage of female than male respondents and a lower of percentage of female CEOs in this study. A further limitation is self-report which can lead to common method bias. Practical implications The close connection among CEO transformational leadership, innovation climate and organizational innovation suggests that evaluating, supporting and training CEO transformational leadership becomes a vital activity for boards, investors and managers. If management wants to increase exploration, they should pay particular attention to creating a climate that is supportive of innovation. Organizations should recruit and train CEOs for transformational leadership and regularly assess climate to ensure innovation results. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is highlighting the role of innovation climate as a mediator between CEO transformational leadership and the outcome of organizational innovation which is measured by exploration and exploitation activities.
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Rusu, Eugen, and Liliana Rusu. "Evaluation of the wind power potential in the European nearshore of the Mediterranean Sea." E3S Web of Conferences 103 (2019): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910301003.
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In the last years, the offshore wind sector has been constantly growing in Europe, coming also with a very competitive production price. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the wind power potential in the European coastal environment of the Mediterranean Sea, an area with a high population density. Furthermore, a high energy demand exists here and the potential of the renewable energy resources needs to be assessed for further exploitation. The analysis was performed considering some reference locations. The climate change impact on the wind energy resource is also investigated. Various comparisons between historical data and future climate projections simulated by a Regional Climate Model under RCP4.5 scenario are made. The results obtained show that in various locations, especially in Golf of Lion and the Aegean Sea, there are appropriate conditions for offshore wind exploitations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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Odder, Sabina Marie Louise, and Paulina Pero. "Vad händer om de ständiga förbättringarna tar slut? : En fallstudie av en utvecklingsorienterad organisation." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27439.
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Vad händer om de ständiga förbättringarna tar slut? Förmågan att ständigt utvecklas och förändras har i vårt samhälle och inom den svenska industrin blivit en allt viktigare konkurrensfördel för att skapa framgångsrika organisationer. Marknadsförändringar förekommer numera i en alltmer progressiv takt och det framstår att organisationer med ett gott kreativt klimat förmår att skapa goda förutsättningar för att hantera omvärldens föränderlighet. Kärnan för industriella organisationer är ytterst att upprätthålla en accepterad produktionstakt och samtidigt skapa ett kreativt klimat som ger goda förutsättningar för att utveckling kan frodas. Det råder en enighet om att organisationer med ett gott kreativt klimat som ger medarbetare stöd, möjlighet och utrymme att omsätta idéer till verklig nytta, skapar goda förutsättningar för organisationers utvecklingsförmåga. Lösningen blir således organisationers interna kreativa klimat och hur förutsättningar för att förhålla sig utvecklingsorienterad skapas, i en alltmer föränderlig miljö, med en tro på den enskilda medarbetares förmåga att ständigt utvecklas. Organisationer har således mycket att vinna på att förstå och kontinuerligt mäta skillnaden mellan det rådande kreativa klimatet och det eftertraktade klimatet. Syftet med den här fallstudien är att mäta en svensk industris kreativa klimat och undersöka vilka hinder och möjligheter organisationens ledare och medarbetare upplever i utvecklingsarbetet. Ett sekundärt syfte är att bidra till en ökad förståelse av förutsättningarna för en utvecklingsorienterad organisation i en industriell kontext genom att undersöka, utvärdera och analysera komplexiteten av utvecklingsarbetet. Studien visar en diskrepans i det kreativa klimatet mellan organisationens befintliga avdelningar och uppmuntrar till ytterligare forskning för att åskådliggöra de kausala relationerna.
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Welever, Burke A. "Passive Manipulation: The adaptation of Architecture through the exploitation of nature." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307440331.
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Duncan, Murray Ian. "A physiological study on a commercial reef fish to quantify the relationship between exploitation and climate change resilience." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76541.
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The persistence of harvested fish populations in the Anthropocene will be determined, above all, by how they respond to the interacting effects of climate change and fisheries exploitation. Predicting how populations will respond to both these threats is essential for any adaptive and sustainable management strategy. The response of fish populations to climate change is underpinned by physiological rates and tolerances, and emerging evidence suggests there may be physiological-based selection in capture fisheries. By quantifying important physiological rates of a model species, the endemic seabream, Chrysoblephus laticeps, across ecologically relevant thermal gradients and from populations subjected to varying intensities of commercial exploitation, this thesis aimed to 1) provide the first physiologically grounded climate resilience assessment for a South African linefish species, and 2) elucidate whether exploitation can drive populations to less physiologically resilient states in response to climate change. To identify physiologically limiting sea temperatures and to determine if exploitation alters physiological trait distributions, an intermittent flow respirometry experiment was used to test the metabolic response of spatially protected and exploited populations of C. laticeps to acute thermal variability. Exploited populations showed reduced metabolic phenotype diversity, fewer high-performance aerobic scope phenotypes, and a significantly lower aerobic scope curve across all test temperatures. Although both populations maintained a relatively high aerobic scope across a wide thermal range, their metabolic rates were compromised when extreme cold events were simulated (8 °C), suggesting that predicted future increases in upwelling frequency and intensity may be the primary limiting factor in a more thermally variable future ocean. The increment widths of annuli in the otoliths of C. laticeps from contemporary and historic collections were measured, as a proxy for the annual growth rate of exploited and protected populations. Hierarchical mixed models were used to partition growth variation within and among individuals and ascribe growth to intrinsic and extrinsic effects. The best model for the protected population indicated that the growth response of C. laticeps was poorer during years characterised by a high cumulative upwelling intensity, and better during years characterised by higher mean autumn sea surface temperatures. The exploited population growth chronology was too short to identify an extrinsic growth driver. The growth results again highlight the role of thermal variability in modulating the response of C. laticeps to its ambient environment and indicate that the predicted increases in upwelling frequency and intensity may constrain future growth rates of this species. A metabolic index (ϕ), representing the ratio of O2 supply to demand at various temperatures and oxygen concentrations, was estimated for exploited and protected populations of C. laticeps and used to predict future distribution responses. There was no difference in the laboratory calibrations of ϕ between populations, and all data was subsequently combined into a single piecewise (12 °C) calibrated ϕ model. To predict the distribution of C. laticeps, ϕ was projected across a high-resolution ocean model of the South African coastal zone, and a species distribution model implemented using the random forest algorithm and C. laticeps occurrence points. The future distribution of C. laticeps was estimated by predicting trained models across ocean model projections up to 2100. The best predictor of C. laticeps’ current distribution was minimum monthly ϕ and future predictions indicated only a slight range contraction on either edge of C. laticeps’ distribution by 2100. In order to provide policy makers, currently developing climate change management frameworks for South Africa’s ocean, with a usable output, the results of all research chapters were combined into a marine spatial model. The spatial model identified areas where C. laticeps is predicted to be resilient to climate change in terms of physiology, growth and distribution responses, which can then be prioritised for adaptation measures, such as spatial protection from exploitation. While these results are specific to C. laticeps, the methodology developed to identify areas of climate resilience has broad applications across taxa. From a global perspective, perhaps the most salient points to consider from this case study are the evidence of selective exploitation on physiological traits and the importance of environmental variability, rather than long-term mean climate changes, in affecting organism performance. These ideas are congruent with the current paradigm shift in how we think of the ocean, selective fisheries, and how they relate to organism climate resilience.
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Sguotti, Camilla [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Möllmann. "North Atlantic cod recovery under climate change and exploitation pressure, a non-linear approach / Camilla Sguotti ; Betreuer: Christian Möllmann." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182537847/34.
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Sguotti, Camilla Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] [Möllmann. "North Atlantic cod recovery under climate change and exploitation pressure, a non-linear approach / Camilla Sguotti ; Betreuer: Christian Möllmann." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-96110.
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Valderrama, Ulloa Claudia. "Exploitation et réhabilitation de bâtiments tertiaires : une démarche énergétique d'amélioration environnementale." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00948020.
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Le secteur du bâtiment est l'un secteur des plus énergivore, sa consommation énergétique importante découle d'une part de la dégradation des matériaux propre à leur vieillissement et d'autre part, au manque d'un cadre réglementaire énergétique plus strict accompagnant la conception. Enfin cette consommation énergétique est due à la présence des usagers. Ceci est d'autant plus vrai pour le secteur tertiaire au travers leurs activités, leurs comportements et leur degré d'appartenance que les usagers donnent à ces types de bâtiments. En effet, même si tout le monde les utilise, personne ne se sent responsable de leur maintenance. Le travail présenté ici met en avant la relation entre la consommation énergétique dans les campus universitaires et le comportement des usagers. Les résultats sont analysés dans un contexte climatique comparable (paramètre clé les Degrés Jours Unifiés - DJU), avec indicateurs d'évaluation partageables (ce qui ont été judicieusement choisis à partir d'une comparaison entre différents systèmes d'évaluation) et traduit dans une méthodologie d'évaluation (basée sur les méthodes multicritères). Celle-ci tient compte de la multiplicité d'usages, d'usagers et d'attentes énergétiques, environnementales et de confort présents dans ce type de secteur tertiaire. L'objectif principal de cette étude a été d'élaborer une démarche d'amélioration environnementale et énergétique pour l'exploitation des bâtiments tertiaires, pour aller vers la réhabilitation thermique et énergétique, en considérant d'une part, la satisfaction des usagers et d'autre part les performances énergétiques et environnementales améliorées des bâtiments analysés. Ce mémoire de thèse est construit autour la logique suivante : une mise en situation des problématiques énergétiques internationales et nationales (France et du Chili). Un focus sur l'énergie dans le secteur tertiaire, permet de s'imprégner des différents dispositifs mis en place pour atteindre l'objectif de réduction de la consommation d'énergie et des émissions de CO2. Une grille de comparaison qui va nous permettre de réaliser les analyses de consommations énergétiques à différentes périodes de l'année avec un seul paramètre climatologique le DJU, est mise en avant. Ensuite les différents campus et sites universitaires sur lesquels nous appuyons la réflexion sont présentés. Dans ceux-ci, nous analysons à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles et avec différents types d'analyses qualitatives et quantitatives, les variables discriminantes qui seront essentielles pour parvenir à une amélioration énergétique au fil du temps. Par la suite, une ligne de base de critères et indicateurs qui vont nous permettre d'évaluer avec la même échelle d'évaluation, la performance énergétique et environnementale des bâtiments dans leur état actuel est crée. Pour, ensuite, les comparer dans un état optimisé lorsque les améliorations énergétiques ont été mises en place. Enfin nous proposons une méthodologie d'évaluation et d'amélioration environnementale pour l'exploitation des bâtiments tertiaires qui va mettre en relation de façon originale les besoins énergétiques, environnementaux, économiques et de confort des gestionnaires et des usagers universitaires. Une modélisation thermique de solutions de réhabilitation et un modèle économique, assez simple, sont proposés pour illustrer l'application de la méthodologie.
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Pham, Thi Viet Nga. "Groundwater exploitation and its impact on saltwater intrusion in the context of sea level rise due to climate change in Mekong Delta, Viet Nam." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253257.
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Dhital, Narayan Prasad. "Feasibility of an ecosystem-based management in an eastern Canadian boreal forest : testing for ecological suitability, economic viability, social acceptability and adaptability to wildfire and climate change." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30010/30010.pdf.
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Dans la quête de la mise en place d’une stratégie d’aménagement écosystémique (AE) dans la forêt boréale de l’est du Canada, nous avons réalisé une étude de faisabilité sur la viabilité économique, l’acceptabilité sociale et la pertinence écologique. À l’aide de modèles d’approvisionnement en bois, nous avons comparé une stratégie AE à une stratégie de normalisation des forêts (status quo) afin d’en évaluer sa robustesse et son l’adaptabilité face à l'augmentation du taux de brûlage et des anomalies de croissance induites par les changements climatiques. Les modèles d'approvisionnement en bois utilisent le plus souvent un modèle de croissance et de rendement calibré à l'échelle du peuplement (tables de production) pour projeter l’évolution du volume marchand des strates d’aménagement. Puisque les stratégies d'aménagement écosystémique ont tendance à repousser l'âge d'exploitabilité, il est pertinent d'évaluer jusqu'à quel degré les tables de production actuelles peuvent être utilisées comme intrant dans un contexte d'aménagement écosystémique. Lorsqu’une table de production est évaluée relativement à un modèle de croissance calibré à l’échelle de l’arbre, nous montrons que bien que le modèle à l’échelle d'arbre semble moins biaisé, aucun modèle performe de manière adéquate pour prédire la croissance en volume marchand dans notre aire d’étude, particulièrement lorsque nous subdivisons les données par les attributs qui peuvent jouer un rôle pendant la mise en place d’AÉ. Pour les deux modèles, la source majeure d’erreur est liée à la densité du peuplement. Grâce à leur simplicité relative, nous avons préféré utiliser les tables de production pour élaborer nos modèles d’approvisionnement en bois. La programmation linéaire standard a été utilisée pour tester les effets de quatre enjeux clefs sur le niveau d’approvisionnement en bois: (1) tendre vers une structure d’âge forestière établie à partir du régime naturel des feux et de la dynamique forestière, (2) agglomérer les blocs de récolte dans des chantiers de récolte afin de reproduire les patrons de perturbation naturelle à l’échelle du paysage, (3) maintenir les taux cumulés de coupe totale et de perturbation naturelle à l’intérieur du domaine historique de variabilité, et (4) exclure de la récolte les aires d’intérêt potentiel pour les peuples autochtones. Comparé à un scénario de status quo, l’inclusion des trois premiers enjeux résulte en une baisse de 3 à 22% de l’approvisionnement périodique et une période de restauration requérant que la coupe totale soit exclue sur 43 à 67% de la superficie productive pour les prochains 50 ans. Une validation des filtres bruts utilisés dans cette étude (les trois premiers enjeux) a été faite en utilisant les besoins en habitats du caribou des bois (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Pratiquement tous les scénarios induisaient un taux de perturbation susceptible de permettre le maintien du caribou des bois d’ici 25 ans. Enfin, nous avons intégré le taux de brûlage et la sensibilité des tables de production au climat dans nos modèles d’approvisionnement afin de quantifier les incertitudes induites par le climat et les feux pour les deux stratégies d’aménagements. Les deux modèles suggèrent une réduction de l’approvisionnement périodique en bois entre 13 et 79%. Même si les indicateurs écologiques favorisent l’AE par rapport la normalisation des forêts, juste un changement de stratégie n’est pas suffisant faire face aux impacts du risque de feu et des changements climatiques en forêt boréale. Mots clefs: Forêt boréale, aménagement écosystémique, croissance et rendement, faisabilité, adaptation, feux de la forêt, changements climatiquesIn the quest of implementing an ecosystem-based management (EBM) in a boreal forest in eastern Canada, we conducted a feasibility study focusing on ecological suitability, economic viability and social acceptability. Through timber supply models, we compared the outputs of EBM with a business as usual (BAU) management to determine former’s robustness and adaptability to the increase in wildfire and growth anomalies induced by climate changes. Timber supply analyses use yield models, most often at the stand-level to project harvestable volume over the planning horizon. Since EBM tend to delay harvesting age, the question may be raised on to what extent existing yield tables can be used with such strategies. When a yield table is rated against a tree-level model, we show that although the tree-level model is less biased, none of the models performed adequately to predict the volume growth of our study area, especially when subdividing the data by attributes that may have an important role while implementing EBM. For both models, the major source of error was related to stand density. Due to its relative simplicity, we chose stand-level yield tables to build our timber supply models. We then carried out a feasibility study of implementing an EBM strategy in a boreal forest in eastern Canada. With standard linear programming, we tested four policy issues; age structure, harvest agglomeration; limit of cumulative disturbance, and land base of aboriginal interest. These issues were dealt with 3% – 22% reduction in periodic wood supply and a transition period of 50 years where clear-cut needs to be excluded in 43% – 67% of the productive area. Validation of the outputs through habitat requirement of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) as a fine filter showed that most of the scenarios should likely allow a self-sustaining caribou population within next 25-years. Finally, we integrated climate sensitive fire burn rates and yield tables in the timber supply models to quantify the uncertainty induced by climate and fire under both management strategies. Both models responded with a reduction of periodic wood supply by 13% – 79%. Although ecological indicators are relatively better under EBM, merely switching the management strategy is not enough to address the impacts of fire and climate change in the boreal forests. Key words: Boreal forest, ecosystem-based management, growth and yield, feasibility, adaptation, wildfire, climate change
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Åberg, Hannes. "Riskpunkter för översvämning inom avrinningsområdet för Järvstabäcken vid extremregn : Modellering med MIKE FLOOD." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19952.
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Gävle kommun har planer på att exploatera Gävle stad söderut. Planerna finns enligt översiktsplanen Gävle Stad 2025 för bland annat områdena Järvsta och Ersbo. Dessa områden avvattnas mot Järvstabäcken. Detta examensarbete är en utredning av Järvstabäckens avrinningsområde med hänsyn till avrinningsområdets beskaffenhet, klimatförändringar och planerad exploatering. Utifrån dessa faktorer analyseras riskpunkter för översvämning inom avrinningsområdet. Utredningen av avrinningsområdet har genomförts via fältbesök, litteraturstudier och modellering i MIKE FLOOD. Problematiken kring avrinningsområdet ligger i att Järvstabäcken redan är högt belastad. Med utökade exploateringsområden för bostäder och handelsområden i Hemlingby och Järvsta förväntas Järvstabäcken belastas ytterligare. Ersbo industriområde förväntas även påverka dagvattenflödena då mer andel hårdgjorda ytor tas i anspråk vid utökat handelsområde i kombination med planerad snötipp på industriområdet. Snötippen förväntas påverka flödet under smältperioden. Riskpunkter för översvämningar återfinns i lågpunkter och passager under E4, Södra Kungsvägen, Upplandsleden och Bomhusvägen. I dessa punkter bör fördröjning av dagvattnet anläggas för att öka kontrollen över flödena och minska risken och kostnaderna för återställande av byggnader och infrastruktur vid översvämning. Riskpunkter i anslutning till befintlig bebyggelse och planerade bostadsområden bör prioriteras för utredning.Gävle municipality's plans to exploit the city to the south are under the general plan for the areas Järvsta and Ersbo, these areas are dewatered to Järvsta stream. This thesis is an investigation of the Järvsta stream regarding flood risk areas within the basin with consideration to the planned development areas. Investigation of the catchment area has been carried out through field visits, literature studies and modeling with MIKE FLOOD. The problem with Järvsta stream is that it is already heavily loaded. With increased development areas for housing and commercial areas in Hemlingby and Järvsta expected Järvsta stream to be even more loaded in case of extreme rainfall. Ersbo industrial area is also expected to affect surface water flows, hence higher proportion paved surface in combination with the planned landfill for snow in the industrial area expect to impact the flow frequencies. The landfill for snow in Ersbo affects the flow frequencies during the melt period. Risk Points of flooding is found in low points and passages under E4, Södra Kungsvägen, Upplandsleden and Bomhusvägen. These points should delay stormwater to increase control over flows and reduce the risk of flooding and cost of restoration of the buildings and infrastructure. Risk points adjacent to the existing residential areas and planned residential areas should be prioritized for investigation.
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Åkesson, Anna. "Alternativ modell för miljöundervisning i dagens gymnasieskola - modellekosystem." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71690.
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Studier visar att dagens elever känner oro inför framtiden och de klimatförändringar vår värld utsätts för. Skolverkets nationella kartläggning utav miljöundervisning i skolan visar dock att cirka hälften av de tillfrågade gymnasielärarna inte bedriver någon undervisning i ämnet. Denna studie beskriver en alternativ modell för undervisning i klimatfrågor. Elever ges genom modellering av ekosystem möjlighet att fördjupa sin förståelse kring klimatförändringar i samband med exploatering av topp-predatorer. Detta är ett realistiskt problem då en mängd studier visar att dagens ekosystem utsätts för en mängd stressfaktorer, med ursprung i klimatförändringar, och att exploatering av topp-predatorer kan leda till konsekvenser med artutdöende som följd. Modellen som används i undersökningen är en generell Lotka-Volterra-modell vilken fungerar som analytiskt verktyg. Skolverket betonar matematikens roll som ämnesöverskridande verktyg och modellekosystem ger elever möjlighet att använda matematiska kunskaper i ett verkligt scenario. I studien undersöks även hur pass stor exploatering topp-predatorer kan utsättas för i takt med ökade klimatförändringar. De undersökta områdena inbegriper tre- och fyr-artssystem i marina och terrestra miljöer. Resultaten visar att exploateringen måste minska i takt med ökade klimatorsakade förändringar i samtliga fall, undantag terrestra tre-artsystem som utsätts för förändrade interaktionsstyrkor.Studies show that today's students are worried about the future and the increasing climate change. A survey made by the Swedish National Agency for Education about environmental education shows that approximately half of the surveyed secondary school teachers are not engaged in teaching in the field. This study describes an alternative model for teaching environmental issues. Students are by the modeling of ecosystem given an opportunity to deepen their understanding of climate change associated with the exploitation of top predators. This is a realistic problem, numerous studies show that today's ecosystems are exposed to a variety of stressors, with the origin of climate change, and the exploitation of top predators can lead to serious consequences with extinction as a result. The model used in this study is a generalized Lotka-Volterra model which works as an analytical tool. The Swedish National Agency for Education emphasizes the role of mathematics as interdisciplinary tools and model ecosystem gives students the opportunity to use math skills in a real scenario. The study also investigated how much exploitation top predators can be exposed to in line with increased climate change. The research sites include three-and four-species system of marine and terrestrial environments. The results show that the exploitation must be reduced in line with increased climate-caused changes in all cases, except terrestrial three-species system exposed to changes in interaction strengths.
Books on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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A history of the Arctic: Nature, exploration and exploitation. London: Reaktion Books, 2012.
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S, Ashton Peter, ed. Not by timber alone: Economics and ecology for sustaining tropical forests. Washington, D.C: Island Press, 1992.
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Exploitation of renewable energy in Bangladesh: Power supply and climate protection perspectives. Dhaka: A H Development Publishing House, 2012.
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Brown, Abbe EL. Intellectual Property and Climate Change. Edited by Rochelle Dreyfuss and Justine Pila. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758457.013.34.
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This chapter discusses the current and potential impact of intellectual property (IP) on efforts to manage and reduce climate change through technological development. To that end it considers international IP and environment treaties (notably the TRIPS Agreement, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changes and its Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, and the Aarhus Convention) and the extent to which their objectives can and do intersect or conflict. Particular reference is made to discussions at the TRIPS Council and to the activities of WIPO Green. It explores possible ways to increase the role of IP in addressing climate change issues, including limiting the availability of patents, fast-tracking certain patent applications, and promoting IP exploitation models based on sharing rather than control. Finally, it explores the benefits to be gained in developing the relationship between IP and climate change by looking more widely, to human rights and competition laws.
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Baker, Maria, Eva Ramirez-Llodra, and Paul Tyler, eds. Natural Capital and Exploitation of the Deep Ocean. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841654.001.0001.
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The deep ocean is, by far, the planet’s largest biome and holds a wealth of potential natural assets. Most of the ocean lies beyond national jurisdiction and hence is the responsibility of us all. Human exploitation of the deep ocean is rapidly increasing, becoming more visible to many through the popular media. The scientific literature of deep-sea exploitation and its actual and potential effects has also rapidly expanded as a direct function of this increased national and global interest in deep-sea resources, both biological (e.g. fisheries, genetic resources) and non-biological (e.g. minerals, oil, gas, methane hydrate). At the same time there is a growing interest in deep-sea contamination (including plastics), with many such studies featured in high-profile scientific journals and covered by global media outlets. Finally, climate change is affecting even the deepest regions of our oceans and is a major priority for the international scientific and political agendas. However, there is currently no comprehensive integration of information about resource extraction, pollution and effects of climate change and these topics are only superficially covered in classic textbooks on deep-sea biology. The human race is at a pivotal point in potentially benefitting from the deep ocean’s natural resources and this concise and accessible work provides an account of past explorations and exploitations of the deep ocean, a present understanding of its natural capital and how this may be exploited sustainably for the benefit of humankind whilst maintaining its ecological integrity. The book gives a comprehensive account of geological and physical processes, ecology and biology, exploitation, management, and conservation.
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Lykholat, Yuriy. Effects of pollution and climate change on the ecosystem components. OKTAN PRINT s.r.o., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/eopacc-1204211.
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The book contains the study results of the environmental and soil conditions of the transformed territories, the ecological patterns of woody plants natural communities’ formation as well as the features of the herbaceous communities’ succession in flooded areas. The current state of forest areas is highlighted, the problems of forest management and their exploitation in Ukraine are outlined. Aspects of anthropogenic impact on natural aquatic ecosystems are shown and various biotesting methods of negative effects are characterized. The relationship between the presence of exogenous biologically active chemical compounds in the environment and damage to the endocrine system of animals has been revealed. The scientific manuscript is intended for ecologists, specialists interested in environmental management and environmental protection. The book may be useful for graduate students and scientific researchers.
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Betts, Matthew. Zooarchaeology and the Reconstruction of Ancient Human-Animal Relationships in the Arctic. Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.8.
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Permafrost-preserved faunal assemblages from Arctic archaeological sites provide a high-resolution record of animal exploitation, ancient ecosystems, and climate. This chapter provides a review of what more than 90 years of archaeofaunal research has revealed about human-animal relationships in the Arctic and Aleutian Subarctic. Taking an alternate approach, the overview focuses on the evidence for the procurement, butchery, storage, and consumption of specific northern vertebrate and molluscan taxa, beginning from the earliest archaeological traces and tracking exploitation strategies geographically through time and space. Additionally, related paleoecological research, methodological advancements, and studies which address the social and ideational correlates of animal exploitation and consumption are reviewed.
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Leshota, Paul L., Ericka S. Dunbar, Musa W. Dube, and Malebogo Kgalemang. Mother Earth, Mother Africa and Biblical Studies : Interpretations in the Context of Climate Change. Edited by Sidney K. Berman. University of Bamberg Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-49839.
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Climate change and its global impact on all people, especially the marginalized communities, is widely recognized as the biggest crisis of our time. It is a context that invites all subjects and disciplines to bring their resources in diagnosing the problem and seeking the healing of the Earth. The African continent, especially its women, constitute the subalterns of global climate crisis. Can they speak? If they speak, can they be heard? Both the Earth and the Africa have been identified with the adjective “Mother.” This gender identity tells tales in patriarchal and imperial worlds that use the female gender to signal legitimation of oppression and exploitation. In this volume, African women theologians and their female-identifying colleagues, struggle with reading and interpreting religious texts in the context of environmental crisis that are threatening life on Earth. The chapters interrogate how biblical texts and African cultural resources imagine the Earth and our relationship with the Earth: Do these texts offer readers windows of hope for re-imagining liberating relationship with the Earth? How do they intersect with gender, race, empire, ethnicity, sexuality among others? Beginning with Genesis, journeying through Exodus, Ruth, Ecclesiastes and the Gospel of John, the authors seek to read in solidarity with the Earth, for the healing of the whole Earth community.
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Gates, Marie-Henriette. Southern and Southeastern Anatolia in the Late Bronze Age. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0017.
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This article presents data on the Late Bronze Age of southern and southeastern Anatolia. Southern and southeastern Anatolia present three contrasting zones, differentiated by topography, elevation, climate, soils, and connectivity to neighboring regions. In the Late Bronze Age, as at other times, they offered varied options for human exploitation and settlement, and reflected different cultural and political inclinations. The Late Bronze Age cities, towns, and forts in southern and southeastern Anatolia endured various fortunes in the twelfth century BCE, but all experienced the eventual termination of this cultural, political, and economic phase. Most were destroyed and lay deserted for centuries, or their ruins were reoccupied by squatters and migrants, then abandoned.
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Kemp, T. S. Reptiles: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198806417.001.0001.
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Reptiles: A Very Short Introduction introduces the extraordinary diversity of reptiles that have walked the Earth, from the dinosaurs and other reptiles of the past to modern-day living species. It discusses the adaptations reptiles made to first leave the water and colonize dry land, which fitted them for their unique ways of life. Considering the variety of different living groups of reptiles today, from lizards and snakes to crocodiles and turtles, it explores their biology and behaviour. Finally, this VSI assesses the threat of extinction to modern-day reptile species due to over-exploitation, habitat destruction, and climate change, and considers what can be done.
Book chapters on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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Geerts, R. J., B. Gremmen, and J. Jacobs. "Do algae have moral standing? On exploitation, ethical extension and climate change mitigation." In Climate change and sustainable development, 160–65. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-753-0_22.
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van der Marel, H. "Exploitation of Ground Based GPS for Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Applications in Europe." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 297–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04709-5_49.
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Akinbami, C. A. O. "Climatepreneurship: Adaptation Strategy for Climate Change Impacts on Rural Women Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2143–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_191.
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AbstractAdequate and proper adaptation strategies to climate change depend largely on activities in the rural sector, which drives national economy through exploitation of natural resources. Consequently, actions in rural areas are essential to successful climate change adaptation. Rural communities are highly dependent upon natural resources that are affected by climate change, thus affecting their food security, livelihoods, health, and physical infrastructure. Women and their livelihood practices are thereby affected negatively, leading to increased poverty level and low income, because they find it difficult to respond adequately to climate change effects. This study examines the past and existing interventions on climate change adaptation strategies in two rural communities in Oyo State, introduces climatepreneurship strategy, and assesses its effectiveness. This is an explorative study, employing qualitative approach to gather information through in-depth interview (IDIs) from 50 farmers, before and after the interventions. Data collected were analyzed using Atlas ti. This is a powerful workbench for qualitative data analysis using coding and annotating activities to generate different thematic issues for discussions and interpretations with networks. Study revealed that communities had previously experienced some interventions. Such had no impact on livelihood practices because steps to successful intervention were not followed. Socio-cultural practices hinder women development. The newly introduced climatepreneurship strategy improved livelihood practices. Study outcomes will expectedly be integrated into policy framework for sustainable rural women entrepreneurship development and also replicated in other rural areas in Nigeria.
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Fadairo, Olushola, Samuel Olajuyigbe, Tolulope Osayomi, Olufolake Adelakun, Olanrewaju Olaniyan, Siji Olutegbe, and Oluwaseun Adeleke. "Climate Change, Rural Livelihoods, and Ecosystem Nexus: Forest Communities in Agroecological zones of Nigeria." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1169–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_155.
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AbstractA top-bottom approach where local problems are treated in isolation has proven ineffective in achieving sustainable development. The need for inclusive approaches to managing the demand for arable lands, forest resources, and the problems of resource exploitation and climate change calls for local understanding of these elements’ interrelationship. Understanding the interrelationships among climate change, agriculture, and the ecosystems in different agroecological zones in Nigeria was the purpose of this chapter. Deforestation and forest degradation analysis approach was utilized. One state and two forest communities from each of the rainforest, savannah, and mangrove agroecological zones were purposively focused in this chapter based on forest distribution and cover. Focus group discussions involving 252 male and female farmers using 30 years as reference were used to garner relevant information. Climate variation caused a slight modification in cropping schedules of farmers due to prolonged dry season, mainly in the savannah region. Farmers engaged in mixed farming and also cultivate more hardy crops like cassava in response to climate uncertainties. Especially in the mangrove and savannah, ecosystem components such as agriculture and population showed increasing trends over the years as forest cover reduces. Downward trend in charcoal production was limited to mangrove and rainforest zones as fishing and hunting becomes vulnerable livelihoods across the zones. The degree and progression of climate change effects on the ecosystem in Nigeria agroecological zones is largely comparable and have both desirable and adverse livelihood outcomes. Affordable insurance policy, credit, agri-inputs, favorable forest regulatory framework, and youth empowerment supports would enhance sustainable adjustment to climate change.
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Adeleke, M. L., D. Al-Kenawy, A. M. Nasr-Allah, M. Dickson, and Desalegn Ayal. "Impacts of Environmental Change on Fish Production in Egypt and Nigeria: Technical Characteristics and Practice." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 789–805. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_153.
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AbstractA survey approach was applied to examine the technical characteristics of fish farming practice in Egypt and Nigeria. Critical issues such as floods and other vices were considered in bringing out the inference and level of aquaculture in both countries. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study area and the number of respondents. Both primary and secondary data were used in the analysis. Eighty fish farmers were randomly selected from each of the country, making a total of 160 respondents. The socioeconomic characteristics revealed that aquaculture is an antique venture in Africa with Egypt taking the lead, i.e., 99% of the respondents practice in large-scales production of more than 11 Fadden/acre per, and 100% males depend mainly on agricultural drainage water for their earthen ponds. Ninety-eight percent cultured tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which was believed to have originated from the Nile River. In terms of financial performance and partial economic analysis, tilapia production commands more sales in Egypt, while catfish (Clarias) production is seen as a promising venture in Nigeria. The fish farmers have various perceptions and reactions toward environmental changes factors such as cost of labor/manpower and inputs, poor water quality, and fish extension services, and climate change impedes aquaculture development in the countries. To achieve the scale of aquaculture expansion as observed in Asian and other developed part of the world, efforts should be geared toward continental and regional integration in order to encourage aquaculture practices in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. More so, government intervention and incentives should be paramount in Egypt to reduce the excessive exploitation of the private input suppliers.
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Haruvy, Nava, and Sarit Shalhevet. "A Model for Integrated Water Resources Management in Water-Scarce Regions: Minimization of the Impacts of Groundwater Exploitation on Society and the Environment." In Climate Change and its Effects on Water Resources, 51–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1143-3_7.
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Prasad, M. N. V. "Exploitation of Weeds and Ornamentals for Bioremediation of Metalliferous Substrates in the Era of Climate Change." In Environmental Adaptations and Stress Tolerance of Plants in the Era of Climate Change, 487–508. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0815-4_23.
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Yanda, Pius Z., Edmund B. Mabhuye, Anselm R. Mwajombe, and Namkunda Johnson. "Community livelihoods and ecosystem integrity in makere forest reserve, western Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 194–213. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0194.
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Abstract Wealth creation and poverty alleviation processes in the forest-bounded areas entail the use of such forests to a greater extent. Studies elsewhere show that there is often a tendency to use such forests until they are depleted before technology comes in to improve livelihoods. In this chapter, we examine community livelihoods in relation to ecosystem integrity for communities surrounding the Makere Forest Reserve, particularly socio-economic characteristics of communities, their links to forest utilization and implications for ecosystem integrity. We used mixed methods to collect data: (i) a household questionnaire; (ii) focus group discussions; (iii) key informant interviews; and (iv) a literature review, backed up with satellite imagery. Quantitative and qualitative data collected were subjected to statistical and non-statistical tests, respectively, with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software for quantitative data analysis. Livelihood activities in the area include shifting cultivation, livestock keeping, firewood fetching, charcoal making, harvesting timber and illegal logging. The motive for such forest exploitation is both for meeting household needs as well as for wealth accumulation. Forest users take part in such activities regardless of the distance they have to travel from their villages to come to the forest areas. We found education is an integral part of wealth status, but had nothing to do in terms of improving livelihood activities for ecosystem integrity. The absence of livelihood diversification of farm-related activities penetrates into weak forest governance strategies resulting in proliferation of deforestation and forest degradation. To maintain forest integrity, integrated approaches in forest management and alternative livelihood activities are needed such as beekeeping, fishing and modernized livestock keeping. These activities have the potential to increase household food and income and alleviate poverty levels without compromising ecosystem integrity.
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Goh, Chun Sheng, and Ser Huay Janice Teresa Lee. "Transforming Exploitative Land-Based Economy to Reduce Terrestrial Carbon Stock Loss: The Case of Kalimantan, Indonesia." In Springer Climate, 229–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_11.
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Byrne, David H., Wayne B. Sherman, and Terry A. Bacon. "Stone Fruit Genetic Pool and Its Exploitation for Growing under Warm Winter Conditions." In Temperate Fruit Crops in Warm Climates, 157–230. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3215-4_8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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Purwaningrum, Yayuk, Yenni Asbur, and Chairani Hanum. "Exploitation System Model of Slow and Quick Starter Clones under Oldeman Climate Type." In International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008888202500253.
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Gallagher, Sarah, Roxana Tiron, and Frederic Dias. "A Detailed Investigation of the Nearshore Wave Climate and the Nearshore Wave Energy Resource on the West Coast of Ireland." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10719.
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The western coast of Ireland possesses one of the highest wave energy resources in the world and consequently is a promising location for the future deployment of Wave Energy Converters (WECs). Most wave climate studies for this region have focused primarily on the offshore area since it enjoys higher energy densities. However, recent studies have shown that nearshore locations offer a similar potential for the exploitation of wave energy as offshore sites [13]. Furthermore, the proximity of WEC devices to the shore will likely reduce losses in power transport, and facilitate access for maintenance activities. In this context, we analyse the wave climate over a ten year period for several nearshore sites off the Irish West Coast. The wave climate is estimated using a spectral wave model, WaveWatch III, forced with wind and spectral wave data from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast) operational archive. The wave model is validated with wave buoy data from intermediate to shallow depths (< 60 m). Our focus is on two aspects of the wave climate resource assessment. Firstly, we characterise the directionality of the wave energy resource (mean direction, directional spread) which affects the site selection, design and performance of nearshore WECs. Secondly, we discuss the climate data from the perspective of accessibility for maintenance. When selecting sites for the deployment of WECs, a balance needs to be found between two opposing criteria: the existence of sufficiently long, continuous time intervals of calm sea states (weather windows) which are necessary for maintenance activities to take place, and a high, consistent level of wave energy density, essential for economically viable wave energy extraction.
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Aniebo, Igolo Nonye. "Renewable and Unconventional Energies." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207209-ms.
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Abstract Renewable and unconventional energies have finally moved from the realm of ideas to fact. They, as was expected and feared, have forced deep changes in world economies. Fortunately, they have, at the same time, begun to fulfill an aspect of the dream that made them an alluring idea in the first place- help humanity fight climate change. For decades, large scale exploitation of energy has been the preserve of industrialized nations. It is therefore understandable that they would lead the push for the practicalization of renewables and unconventional energies. Since the nations occupy less than a third of the world, their diminished carbon footprint will not be enough to reverse the effects of climate change. The objective of this research is to posit that just as these nations initiated and were mainly responsible for the excessive and unregulated use of fossil fuels all over the world, they should also try to do the same for renewables if they want to save humanity from the devastating effects of climate change. Nigeria, like most countries in Africa, is a case in point. Her fossil fuels, coal, oil, and gas were brought on stream in the twentieth century to satisfy foreign demands. Now that these demands have found other sources, a chaotic operation has been left for the locals to vandalize or operate, further creating a disastrous situation that will speed up climate change. What is true for Nigeria is equally true for more than 50 other foreign created/controlled countries of Africa, the second largest continent globally. Evaluation of research on renewable energy and Nigeria will be done to lay the facts bare and show the things that have to be put in place to start the process. The result will show that while there are constraints, Nigeria as a country will greatly benefit from policies based on renewables and unconventional energies.
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Coloma Miró, Juan Francisco, and Marta García García. "CO2 EMISSIONS SAVINGS PRODUCED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN UPGRADED FREIGHT RAIL CORRIDOR. APPLICATION TO EXTREMADURA." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3505.
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Human activity since the industrial revolution through the use of fossil fuels is changing the natural composition of the atmosphere increasing the so called Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Extremadura’s government decided to react actively towards the predicted climatic variations and for that the “Strategy for Climatic Change for Extremadura” (2009-2012) was approved, which marked the strategies to follow regarding the mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Among the strategies some concrete measures are included like developing annual inventories of GHG emissions and contributing to the development and demonstration of innovative approaches, technology methods and instruments. With this objective in mind, we develop this investigation where data and conclusions dealing with the savings of CO2 emissions are given through a comparison of the actual freight transport in the area of influence of the line Badajoz-Puertollano with various scenarios of exploitation for the new planned infrastructures. The savings of the emissions will be caused by: - The lowering of the emission factors (kg CO2/t·km) in the upgraded railway line in respect to the actual one. - The commissioning of the upgraded line will reduce the number of lorries circulating on roads, whose emission factors in unitary terms are far more superior to those ones which will be produced by the use of the new railways. The research concludes that the commissioning of the corridor will delete 863,000 transport operations on lorries for a five-year period, reducing the CO2 emissions in relation with the road: a 59% if the traction is diesel and an 82% if it is electric.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3505
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Perez-Collazo, Carlos, Deborah Greaves, and Gregorio Iglesias. "Proof of Concept of a Novel Hybrid Wind-Wave Energy Converter." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78150.
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In a global scenario of climate change and raising threats to the marine environment, a sustainable exploitation of offshore wind and wave energy resources is not only crucial for the consolidation of both industries, but also to provide a reliable and accessible source of renewable energy. In this context, and with the shared challenge for both industries to reduce costs, the combination of wind and wave technologies has emerged. In particular, this research deals with a novel hybrid system that integrates an oscillating water column, wave energy converter, with an offshore wind turbine substructure. In this paper, the novel hybrid wind-wave energy converter is studied in a three steps process. First, assessing a preliminary concept by means of a concept development methodology for hybrid wind-wave energy converters. Secondly, an OWC WEC sub-system is defined, on the basis of the results from the first step. Finally, the proof of concept of the WEC sub-system is carried out by means of a physical modelling test campaign at the University of Plymouth’s COAST laboratory.
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Gailienė, Inesa. "Analysis, Research and Assessment of the Measures of Railway Protection from Snow." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.136.
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The research object of this paper are the railway switches. The paper studies the efficiency of the usage system of a stationary switch protection in the Lithuanian railways. The study consisted of observations and condition assessment , as well as a survey of the people whose work is directly related to the switch exploitation, in order to establish the specifics, advantages, disadvantages, and experience in the Lithuanian railway system. It was found that the system is an efficient technical solution to obtain maximum results with minimal costs because the system is efficient, necessary in Lithuania in consideration of climate conditions, does not require high maintenance, system installation is fast and simple, the system does not affect train traffic, but rather helps in protecting the most sensitive parts of a switch from snow, especially during a snow storm. During the use of the system, switch blades are not blown out or blown out to a lesser extent. As the electric switch heating is used, the use of electric heating system becomes more efficient because the stock rail maintains heat for a longer period. Furthermore, in consideration of the research carried out, this paper provides the recommendations of the system use.
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Zvirgzdins, Janis, Kaspars Plotka, and Sanda Geipele. "Circular economy in built environment and real estate industry." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.046.
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The concept of circular economy have gained a popularity in the scientific areas for the past decades due to raising influence of climate change, overpopulation, deforestation, resource depletion, urbanization, pollution and other global issues. Real estate is crucial aspect for every human being, because majority of people spend majority of their lifetime in buildings which are mainly located in cities. Purpose of the study is to reflect how built environment and real estate industry can benefit from the features of circular economy concept while promoting the practices of sustainable development. Authors have carried out a study based on the methodology of literature review and state of the art review to show how features of circular economy can support practices of sustainable construction. Results show that the construction processes can be supported by features of circular economy throughout the whole life cycle of construction project including logistics, supply chains, design, manufacturing process, exploitation and maintenance of real estate and reusing the building materials. Research indicates that urban circular economy contributes to the development of sustainable societies. Additionally, efficient implementation of circular construction requires profitability for majority of stakeholders.
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Hernandez-Moral, Gema, Víctor Iván Serna-Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Miguel Herrero, and César Valmaseda-Tranque. "Urban energy performance calculation based on EPBD standards. GIS4ENER tool." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/rkym5201.
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Climate change will have a strong impact on urban settings, which will also represent one of the major challenges (world’s urban population is expected to double by 2050, EU buildings consume 40% final energy and generate 36% CO2 emissions). A plethora of initiatives address this challenge by stressing the underlying necessity of thinking globally but acting locally. This entails the inclusion of a varied set of decision-makers acting at different scales and needing robust, comprehensive and comparable information that can support them in their energy planning process. To this end, this paper presents the GIS4ENER tool to support energy planners at different scales by proposing a bottom-up approach towards the calculation of energy demand and consumption at local scale that can be aggregated to support other decision-making scales. It is based on three main pillars: the exploitation of publicly available data (such as Open Street Maps, Building Stock Observatory or TABULA), the implementation of standardised methods to calculate energy (in particular the ISO52000 family) and the use of Geographic Information Systems to represent and facilitate the understanding of results, and their aggregation. The paper presents the context, main differences with other approaches and results of the tool in Osimo (IT).
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Desideri, U., S. Proietti, F. Zepparelli, P. Sdringola, and E. Cenci. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Reflective Foil Material and Comparison With Other Solutions for Thermal Insulation of Buildings." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54786.
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In the last twenty years, the exploitation of non-renewable resources and the effects of their applications on environment and human health were considered central topics in political and scientific debate on European and worldwide scale. This kind of resources have been used in different sectors, as energy systems, technological research, but also in private/public buildings and production of consumer goods, involving significantly domestic and ordinary life of every human being. Studies about the effect of this exploitation carried out discouraging results, in terms of climate changes and energy sustenance; this determined a progressive approach process to a new concept of development, able to couple the qualitative standard of modern life with the respect of planet and its inhabitants. Starting from this reflection, scientific community moved towards research on alternative resources and developed a new way to conceive planning process and technical innovations, in order to exploit renewable energies and recycled materials, promote energy savings and reduce environmental pollution. In this context the present paper aims at evaluating benefits relating to different solutions of thermal insulation in building envelope. In fact a high grade of insulation ensures better comfort conditions in inner spaces, reducing energy consumptions due to heating and cooling conditioning. The paper presents the results of a detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, conceived and produced by an Italian company. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology allows to consider all stages of the life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the product’s disposal, in an optics “from cradle to grave.” In particular, the study takes into account the production phase of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, the installation phase, the transport of all components to the production site and also the end of life scenario of the material. The possibility to collect many detailed information about the production phase adds value to the study. The analysis is carried out according to UNI EN ISO 14040 and UNI EN ISO 14044, which regulate the LCA procedure. The LCA modeling was performed using SimaPro software application. The results of the analysis allow to make an important comparison concerning the environmental performances, between the reflective foil ISOLIVING and other types of insulating materials.
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Stempinski, Florian, Sebastian Wenzel, Jan Lüking, Luigi Martens, and Mahboubeh Hortamani. "Modelling Installation and Construction of Offshore Wind Farms." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23904.
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While the offshore climate in the North Sea bears a great potential for the exploitation of reliable and powerful wind energy it poses a challenge for the constructors of offshore wind farms. Large heavy lift jack-up vessels (HLJV) are employed to transport the components of the wind energy converters to the offshore location. After a preloading and jacking procedure, subsea lifts of tripod foundations weighing up to 950tons as well as tower and nacelle installations at large heights need to be undertaken. As typical offshore wind farms consist of 80 or more separate wind turbines the installation works are conducted in a serial manner — often through the winter season. Thus, many critical offshore operations are conducted consecutively on the basis of daily or weekly weather reports. These operations cannot rely on optimal weather conditions therefore planning and engineering has to cover appropriate wind and wave conditions taking into account contingencies for uncertainties in the reliability of weather windows as well as in the soil conditions. This paper shows how the weather criteria derived from numerical seakeeping and structural simulations are taken into a project simulation model covering 90 separate serial installations. Based on hindcast re-analyses installation simulations are conducted in multi-seasonal weather scenarios. This enables the quantification of the suitability of a particular marine spread and its associated installation processes in combination. The risk profile of weather related delays are derived.
Reports on the topic "Climate exploitation"
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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia, and D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5566152.
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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia, and D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of Parallelism in Climate Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6104.
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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia, and D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6617378.
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Baer, Ferdinand, Joseph J. Tribbia, and David L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807244.
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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia, and D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. [Annual] report, 1 September 1991--29 February 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10141310.
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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia, and D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. Technical report, 1 March 1992, 28 February 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10139861.
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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research. Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices. Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed. Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data. Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.