Relevant bibliographies by topics / Climate fluctuation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Climate fluctuation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

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Hatef, Hakimeh, Mahmoud Daneshvar Kakhki, Mohammad Reza Kohansal, Mohammad Bannayan, and Naser Shahnoushi Froshani. "Climate vulnerability index fluctuation: a case of Iran." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 1 (May 3, 2018): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.044.

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Abstract Climatic fluctuations have severe effects on water and soil resources and economy as a whole. It is hence important to study the fluctuations of climatic parameters in different regions in order to recognize the source and type of parameter that have led to fluctuating climatic parameters. To achieve this goal, the current study attempts to address the following issues: what are the different sources of fluctuations in climate parameters? Do different regions have the same degree of vulnerability and what is the most fluctuating parameter in each region? To answer these questions, the study suggests climate vulnerability index fluctuation. Calculating the index requires data provided by weather stations, so 115 weather stations were divided into 12 climatic zones based on the availability of data. This index considered permanent and frequent temperature, precipitation, storm and aridity shocks. The results indicated that the maximum rank of index has occurred in hot semi-mountainous and very hot desert. Also, temperature fluctuation was the major factor in five regions, whereas wind fluctuation was the major factor in three regions. Generally, the northern and western parts of the country experienced minimum climatic changes. Moving towards southern regions of the country, more climatic changes were observed.
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AMERI, ISMAEL DAWOOD SULAIMAN AL. "Climate Fluctuation in Mesopotamia During the Quaternary Period." Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 50, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 262–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36872/lepi/v50i4/201090.

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Ghozali, Ghozali. "Pengaruh Iklim dan Fluktuasi Harga Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih terhadap Pendapatan Petani (Studi Kasus pada Petani Sayur di Pacet Mojokerto)." JEBDEER: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business Development and Economic Educations Research 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32616/jbr.v1i1.53.

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Many people are involved in the vegetable trade business, the majority of farmers in Pacet plunge in planting shallot and garlic, Along with the number of traders, the majority of demand more and more, and when the harvest price is very low and make the farmers lose, and when the season Rain arrives, farmers in the Pacet region many do not plant, so the scarcity of shallot and garlic price is rising. The purpose of this paper is the influence of climate and price fluctuations simultaneously affect the farmer's income, climate influence and price fluctuations affect partially on the market, the variables that predominantly affect the income level of farmers. The results showed that climate and fluctuation influence simultaneously to farmer's earnings that is X1 (Climate) and X2 (Price fluctuation) obtained F value count bigger than F table value (4,391> 3,35). Climate and price fluctuation have partial effect to farmer's income t value (3,45> 2,055) with significance level less than 0,05 0.008 and t variable X2 (price fluctuation) bigger than t table (8.561> 2.055) with significance level below 0.05 ie 0.002. And the most dominant variable influencing farmer's income is price fluctuation from SPSS result shows between variable X1 (climate) and variable X2 (price fluctuation) obtained In variable X1, pearson correlation 0,381 <pearson correlation X2 0,081 This means that variable X2 price fluctuations are more influential on farmers' income.
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Bestion, Elvire, Bart Haegeman, Soraya Alvarez Codesal, Alexandre Garreau, Michèle Huet, Samuel Barton, and José M. Montoya. "Phytoplankton biodiversity is more important for ecosystem functioning in highly variable thermal environments." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 35 (August 26, 2021): e2019591118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019591118.

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The 21st century has seen an acceleration of anthropogenic climate change and biodiversity loss, with both stressors deemed to affect ecosystem functioning. However, we know little about the interactive effects of both stressors and in particular about the interaction of increased climatic variability and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning. This should be remedied because larger climatic variability is one of the main features of climate change. Here, we demonstrated that temperature fluctuations led to changes in the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem functioning. We used microcosm communities of different phytoplankton species richness and exposed them to a constant, mild, and severe temperature-fluctuating environment. Wider temperature fluctuations led to steeper biodiversity–ecosystem functioning slopes, meaning that species loss had a stronger negative effect on ecosystem functioning in more fluctuating environments. For severe temperature fluctuations, the slope increased through time due to a decrease of the productivity of species-poor communities over time. We developed a theoretical competition model to better understand our experimental results and showed that larger differences in thermal tolerances across species led to steeper biodiversity–ecosystem functioning slopes. Species-rich communities maintained their ecosystem functioning with increased fluctuation as they contained species able to resist the thermally fluctuating environments, while this was on average not the case in species-poor communities. Our results highlight the importance of biodiversity for maintaining ecosystem functions and services in the context of increased climatic variability under climate change.
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Hua, Yingmin. "Long-Term Variations of Earth's Orbital Geometry and its Effect on the Climate System." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 156 (1993): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900173450.

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Chinese Loess data over the past 2.4 million years are good proxy records for understanding past climate. Maximum entropy spectrum of magnectic susceptibility data at the locality of Luochuan, which is in Shaanxi province of China, have shown periodic fluctuations of about 21 kyr, 41 kyr, 100 kyr and 400 kyr. These periodic fluctuations are related to the long-term variations of earth's orbital elements of the obliquity, the climatic precession and the eccentricity respectively. The data series was separated into two parts to examine the variations of these fluctuations. The first part is from present to 1.1 Myr B.P.(i.e. million years before present), the second part is from 1.1 Myr B.P. to 2.2 Myr B.P. The periodic fluctuation of 93.4 kyr has the maximum amplitude in the first part of the data series, while the periodic fluctuation of 413 kyr has the maximum amplitude in the second part. The fluctuation about the 400 kyr was found in both parts of the data series.
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Schnabel, Julius, and Seppo Valkealahti. "Energy Storage Requirements for PV Power Ramp Rate Control in Northern Europe." International Journal of Photoenergy 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2863479.

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Photovoltaic (PV) generators suffer from fluctuating output power due to the highly fluctuating primary energy source. With significant PV penetration, these fluctuations can lead to power system instability and power quality problems. The use of energy storage systems as fluctuation compensators has been proposed as means to mitigate these problems. In this paper, the behavior of PV power fluctuations in Northern European climatic conditions and requirements for sizing the energy storage systems to compensate them have been investigated and compared to similar studies done in Southern European climate. These investigations have been performed through simulations that utilize measurements from the Tampere University of Technology solar PV power station research plant in Finland. An enhanced energy storage charging control strategy has been developed and tested. Energy storage capacity, power, and cycling requirements have been derived for different PV generator sizes and power ramp rate requirements. The developed control strategy leads to lesser performance requirements for the energy storage systems compared to the methods presented earlier. Further, some differences on the operation of PV generators in Northern and Southern European climates have been detected.
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Boulton, G. S., N. Hulton, and M. Vautravers. "Ice-sheet models as tools for palaeoclimatic analysis: the example of the European ice sheet through the last glacial cycle." Annals of Glaciology 21 (1995): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500015676.

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A numerical model is used to simulate ice-sheet behaviour in Europe through the last glacial cycle. It is used in two modes: a forward mode, in which the model is driven by a proxy palaeoclimate record and the output compared with a geological reconstruction of ice-sheet fluctuation; and an inverse mode, in which we determine the climate function that would be required to simulate geologically reconstructed ice-sheet fluctuations. From these simulations it is concluded that extra-glacial climates may be poor predictors of ice-sheet surface climates, and that climatic transitions during the glacial period may have been much more rapid and the intensity of warming during the early Holocene much greater than hitherto supposed. Stronger climate forcing is required to drive ice-sheet expansion when sliding occurs at the bed compared with a non-sliding bed. Sliding ice sheets grow more slowly and decay more rapidly than non-sliding ice sheets with the same climate forcing.
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Zhao, Chao. "The Climate Fluctuation of the 8.2 ka BP Cooling Event and the Transition into Neolithic Lifeways in North China." Quaternary 3, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat3030023.

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Early Neolithic lifeways in North China, which are marked by a low-level food production economy, population aggregation, and sedentism, thrived just after the period of a climatic cooling event at 8.2 ka. Instead of simply regarding this climate fluctuation as a cause for the significant socio-economic transition, this paper attempts to explore the interplay between people’s choices of coping strategies with climate change as a perspective to learn how people respond to this climate fluctuation and how such responses generated the interlocked socio-economic transitions. This analysis indicates that pre-existing changes in human adaptive behaviors prior to the cooling events were sufficient to enable people in certain areas to apply the intensification of food procurement in circumscribed territories as a strategy to cope with the climate fluctuations of the 8.2 ka BP cooling event. The application of such a coping strategy facilitated the economic and sociopolitical transition into Neolithic lifeways and led to the flourishing development of Neolithic cultures after 8 ka BP in North China.
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Tanti Novianti, Silvia Sari Busnita, Rina Oktaviani,. "How far climate change affects the Indonesian paddy production and rice price volatility?" International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ijasc.1.1.1-11.2017.

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Food security issue after 2008 global-crisis is something relate with the climate change phenomenon which had worsened on the last few decades. The impact of global climate change can be seen from the fluctuation of main crops production yield in tropical countries. This has affected the food price fluctuations particularly on the grain price, both international and domestic markets. The rice-commodity, known for its thin market characteristics, is now also experiencing the fluctuation of production, its productivity and also the rice price. Considering the importance of rice as the main staple food in Indonesia, the purpose of this research is to identify the Indonesia’s rice price fluctuation (volatility) and to investigate how far climate change affects the Indonesian paddy production and rice price volatility. By applying monthly time-series data from 2007 to 2014, this research used ARCH-GARCH methods to find out the rice price volatility and VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) to investigate the impact of climate change phenomenon on the Indonesian paddy production, as well as rice price volatility both in the short-run and long-run. The result is important for the stakeholders and government in preventing the risk and uncertainty condition of paddy production and rice price fluctuation caused by climate change
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Chu, Peter C. "First Passage Time Analysis on Climate Indices." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 258–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jtecha991.1.

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Abstract Climate variability is simply represented by teleconnection patterns such as the Arctic Oscillation (AO), Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific–North American pattern (PNA), and Southern Oscillation (SO) with associated indices. Two approaches can be used to predict the indices: forward and backward methods. The forward method is commonly used to predict the index fluctuation ρ at time t with a given temporal increment τ. Using this method, it was found that the index (such as for NAO) has the Brownian fluctuations. On the basis of the first passage time (FPT) concept, the backward method is introduced in this study to predict the typical time span (τ) needed to generate a fluctuation in the index of a given increment ρ. After the five monthly indices (AO, AAO, NAO, PNA, and SO) run through the past history, the FPT density functions are obtained. FPT presents a new way to detect the temporal variability of the climate indices. The basic features for the index prediction are also discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

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Maraun, Douglas. "What can we learn from climate data? : Methods for fluctuation, time/scale and phase analysis." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=981698980.

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Ouedraogo, Sylvain. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle des mouches des fruits (Diptera Tephritidae) en fonction des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques dans les vergers de manguiers de l'ouest du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0096.

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Ravageurs de quarantaine, les mouches des fruits (Diptera : Tephritidae) constituent unecontrainte importante à l’exportation de la mangue au Burkina Faso. L’objectif de cette étudeétait d’améliorer nos connaissances sur l’écologie de ces ravageurs. Entre décembre 2007 etdécembre 2009, 1156598 Tephritidae ont été capturés dans 7 vergers présentant 8 cultivarsdifférents. Pendant cette période, l’évolution de la température, de l’hygrométrie et de lapluviométrie a été notée. 19764 mangues ont été collectées et observées afin de déterminerleur niveau d’infestation par ces insectes. Dix-huit espèces des genres Bactrocera, Ceratitis,et Dacus ont été identifiées, B. invadens et C. cosyra étant les plus abondantes. Les pics despopulations de mâles et de femelles, apparaissent entre mai et juin selon les sites. Les femelles,présentent aussi un pic en période de floraison des manguiers. Sept espèces de Tephritidaeinfestent les mangues et l’incidence moyenne de leurs dégâts varie entre 0% (Sabre) et 12,5%(Keitt), Keitt et Brooks sont les cultivars les plus infestés. 64% de ces dégâts sont causés parB. invadens et 31% par C. cosyra. L’inventaire des essences ligneuses autour de ces sites ainsique la collecte et l’incubation de leurs fruits entre avril 2008 et décembre 2009 ont aussi étéeffectués. 105 ligneux ont été recensés autour des vergers. Les fruits de 13 d’entre eux sontinfestés par 7 espèces de Tephritidae dont 6 se retrouvent aussi dans les mangues. Il s’agitsurtout de C. cosyra mais aussi de C. silvestrii, C. puntata et B. invadens.Ce travail montre les corrélations significativees entre les facteurs climatiques, la fluctuationdes populations, et les dégâts observés. Les espèces ligneuses alentours sont des refugespermettant le maintien des populations même hors saison de la mangue. Ces résultatsnouveaux permettent l’adaptation de la lutte contre ces ravageurs économiquement importantsau contexte agro-écologique de notre zone d’étude
Classified as a quarantine pest, mango fruit flies (Diptera Tephritidae) are an importantconstraint for mango exportation from Burkina Faso. The main objective of this study was theenhanced understanding of the ecology of mango’s Tephritids. 1156598 Tephritid flies weretraped from December 2007 to December 2009 in 7 mango orchards. During this monitoring,temperature, relative humidity and rainfalls were registered. 19764 mango fruits from 8cultivars were collected and obsreved during mango season in order to assess fruit fliesdamages. Eighteen Tephritids species notably from Bactrocera, Ceratitis and Dacus genuswere identified and B. invadens and C. cosyra are the dominant ones. The population peaks ofmales and females appear in the months of May & June according to the sites. The femalespresent a peak during the flowering period also of the mango trees. Seven species of mangoinfesting fruit flies have been identified and the incidence of this infestation varies between0% (Sabre) and 12.5% (Keitt). Keitt and Brooks are the most infested mango cultivars. 64 %of these damages are caused by B. invadens while 31 % by C. cosyra. The inventory of thewoody plants around these sites as well as the collection and the incubation of their fruitsbetween April 2008 and December 2009 were also carried out. 105 woody trees had beenlisted around the mango orchards. Out of which, the fruits of 13 trees were found infested by7 species of Tephritids, of which, 6 are also found in mangos. It is especially C. cosyra butalso C. silvestrii, C. puntata and B. invadens.This work shows significant correlations between Tephiritids population fluctuations, climaticfactors and mango damages. The woody species around mango tree orchards shelter thesepests even after mango season. These new results allow the adaptation of the mango fruit fliescontrol methods in the particular agro-ecological area of our study zone
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Petrakis, Roy, Leeuwen Willem van, Miguel L. Villarreal, Paul Tashjian, Russo Regina Dello, and Christopher Scott. "Historical Analysis of Riparian Vegetation Change in Response to Shifting Management Objectives on the Middle Rio Grande." MDPI AG, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625060.

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Riparian ecosystems are valuable to the ecological and human communities that depend on them. Over the past century, they have been subject to shifting management practices to maximize human use and ecosystem services, creating a complex relationship between water policy, management, and the natural ecosystem. This has necessitated research on the spatial and temporal dynamics of riparian vegetation change. The San Acacia Reach of the Middle Rio Grande has experienced multiple management and river flow fluctuations, resulting in threats to its riparian and aquatic ecosystems. This research uses remote sensing data, GIS, a review of management decisions, and an assessment of climate to both quantify how riparian vegetation has been altered over time and provide interpretations of the relationships between riparian change and shifting climate and management objectives. This research focused on four management phases from 1935 to 2014, each highlighting different management practices and climate-driven river patterns, providing unique opportunities to observe a direct relationship between river management, climate, and riparian response. Overall, we believe that management practices coupled with reduced surface river-flows with limited overbank flooding influenced the compositional and spatial patterns of vegetation, including possibly increasing non-native vegetation coverage. However, recent restoration efforts have begun to reduce non-native vegetation coverage.
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McEwen, Lindsey Jo. "River channel planform changes in upland Scotland : with specific reference to climate fluctuation and landuse changes over the last 250 years." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2957.

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Rates of river channel change in three contrasting Scottish upland environments have been studied within the context of Climatic fluctuation and landuse changes over the last 250 years. The object of the research was to assess the spatial and temporal variation in channel types, the main controls on channel pattern and the dominant modes of channel adjustment. This was undertaken in a hierarchic framework with sites being investigated at three spatial scales. At a macro-scale, the spatial and temporal variation in channel pattern was evaluated through a random sample of river channel segments for each study area, derived from the first and second editions of the 1:10,560 0.S. maps plus the 1:10,000 third edition. Each channel segment was classified within a map-based channel system typology, specifically constructed for upland Scotland. Measures of activity collected for each sample incorporated sinuosity, braiding and lateral shift indices. Flood histories were reconstructed for each study area on the basis of discharge records, long rainfall records and contemporary accounts, to assess if there was any evidence for climatic change, fluctuation or periodicities. Estimates of the recurrence interval of rainfall and runoff events of differing magnitude, frequency and duration were assessed. Data, mainly of a qualitative nature, were derived from contemporary sources and estate plans to evaluate whether any landuse changes could have changed the runoff regime and sediment mobility within each catchment. At a meso-scale, 7 to 9 channel segments (already identified as "active" within the macro-scale study) were subject to a more detailed process-response analysis, using sequential aerial photographs. Finally at a micro-scale, the unit stream powers at these sites were studied in relation to specific runoff rates thereby relating channel process to channel form. The strength of the controls on channel planform type varied in degree with the area studied. The glacial legacy, the positioning of local baselevels and sediment size were found to be dominant controls. In terms of channel dynamics, the position of the Channel planform in relation to process thresholds and the existence of a quasi-equilibrium condition were both very important. In terms of process-response, the following general observations hold true. An extreme event of high RI (>100 years) will have a major disruptive impact if there is room for expansion of the channel system and providing thresholds for sediment transport are exceeded. If these thresholds are high, the fact that the channel has not recently been disrupted may also be important. The modes of expansion across the active area depend on the type of channel involved. Different study areas have different types of Channel pattern present and thus a greater likelihood of certain types of planform adjustment. The role of more moderate events (10-50 years) varies principally with sediment size and Channel slope. Small-scale modification may take place where stream powers associated with more moderate events exceed competence thresholds. It was found that process rates were highly variable in both time and space and that present rates were not necessarily representative of the past 250 years. Even within this timespan, there have been periods of increased activity in response to increased discharges of moderate magnitude (eg. 1870s-1880s within the Dee study area) and random extreme magnitude floods (eg. between 1948-1956 in the Tweed study area). The impact of landuse change, especially in relation to sediment mobilisation (Dee and Spey study areas), and speed of runoff (Tweed study area) also appeared to be important.
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SILVA, José Rodrigo Santos. "Avaliação de autocorrelações e complexidade de séries temporais climáticas no Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2014. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5009.

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Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-07T11:52:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Rodrigo Santos Silva.pdf: 13129069 bytes, checksum: b427ff42ec7918c3d0cf7f63798ed648 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T11:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Rodrigo Santos Silva.pdf: 13129069 bytes, checksum: b427ff42ec7918c3d0cf7f63798ed648 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-19
The objective of this study was to uncloak the dynamic of climate of Brazil, seeking to measure the regularity and the long range autocorrelation of daily climate series of temperature of air (average, maximum, minimum, and temperature range), relative humidity of air average and wind speed average. The data were obtained by Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), at 264 meteorological stations, in the period from January 1990 to December 2012. We use the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis to realize the estimation of the Hurst exponent, the Multiscale Sample Entropy to estimating the entropy of series and the Kriging to interpolate the estimates made. We observed that higher latitudes tend to attenuate the mean of temperatures of air maximum, minimum and average, but increase the variability of the same. This inversion of the magnitudes of the mean and standard deviation is also observed in the relative humidity of air. The means of the estimated Hurst exponents estimated for Brazil were 0.81, 0.79, 0.81, 0.77, 0.83 and 0.64, and the estimated Sample Entropy, 1.39, 1.78, 1.46, 1.41, 1.56 and 1.66, respectively for average, maximum and minimum temperatures of air, temperature range, relative humidity of air average and wind speed average. The values of the estimated Hurst exponents showed a positive correlation with latitude in the temperature variables studied. Such a correlation was not observed in other variables. This a correlation was not observed in other variables. The regularities of climate series in Brazil were medians. Spatially, the greatest changes occurred in estimates of entropies in the scale 1 to 2 of , in the Multiscale Sample Entropy. As from ≥2 the changes observed were more subtle. We observe the influence of the Equatorial Continental air mass in entropy of temperatures daily average and maximum of air. The climatic factor of altitude influenced with more frequently in the observed results, mainly on temperature variables. In some cases, the continentality and the air masses were also identified as important factors in characterizing the spatial distribution of estimates made.
O objetivo deste estudo foi desvendar a dinâmica climática do Brasil, buscando mensurar a regularidade e a autocorrelação de longo alcance em séries climáticas diárias de temperatura do ar (média, máxima, mínima, e amplitude térmica), umidade relativa média do ar e velocidade média diária do vento. Os dados foram obtidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, em 264 estações meteorológicas, no período de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 2012. Utilizamos o Detrended Fluctuation Analysis para realizar a estimativa do expoente de Hurst, o Multiscale Sample Entropy para as estimativas da entropia das séries e o Kriging para a interpolação das estimativas realizadas. Observamos que maiores latitudes tendem a atenuar as médias das temperaturas máxima, mínima e média do ar, porém aumentam a variabilidade das mesmas. Esta inversão entre as magnitudes da média e do desvio padrão também é observado na umidade relativa média do ar. As médias dos expoentes de Hurst estimados para todo o Brasil foram 0,81; 0,79; 0,81; 0,77; 0,83 e 0,64; e do Sample Entropy estimado, 1,39; 1,78; 1,46; 1,41; 1,56 e 1,66, respectivamente para séries diárias de temperatura média, máxima e mínima do ar, amplitude térmica do ar, umidade relativa média do ar e velocidade média do vento. Os valores do expoentes de Hurst estimados apresentaram uma correlação positiva com a latitude nas variáveis de temperatura do ar estudadas. Tal correlação não foi observada nas demais variáveis. As regularidades das séries climáticas no Brasil foram medianas. Espacialmente, as maiores alterações nas estimativas das entropias ocorreram na escala 1 para a 2 de , no Multiscale Sample Entropy. A partir de ≥2 as mudanças observadas foram mais sutis. Observamos influência da massa de ar Equatorial Continental na entropia das temperaturas do ar média e máxima diárias. O fator climático da altitude atuou com maior frequência sob os resultados observados, principalmente nas variáveis de temperatura. Em alguns casos, a continentalidade e as massas de ar também foram apontados como fatores importantes na caracterização da distribuição espacial das estimativas realizadas.
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Hajhouji, Youssef. "Modélisation hydrologique du bassin versant de l'oued Rheraya et sa contribution à la recharge de la nappe du Haouz (bassin du Tensift, Maroc)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30257/document.

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La recharge de l'eau souterraine est un paramètre encore peu connu du bilan hydrologique. La connaissance des processus et l'estimation précise de la recharge de l'eau souterraine est une condition préalable à une gestion efficace et durable des eaux souterraines dans les régions arides et semi-arides. En plus la recharge de l'eau souterraine est considérée comme le paramètre le plus direct avec lequel le changement climatique peut affecter les ressources renouvelables des aquifères. Les présents travaux de thèse s'intéressent à la recharge de l'aquifère alluvial de la plaine du Haouz par les crues de l'oued Rheraya (rivière intermittente), qui descend des montagnes du Haut-Atlas et traverse la plaine du Haouz du sud vers le nord. Ces travaux ont deux objectifs principaux (i) d'abord simuler le régime hydrologique de l'oued Rheraya dont les crues sont à l'origine de la recharge de l'eau souterraine, et ensuite (ii) aborder la quantification de la recharge de l'eau souterraine du Haouz par ces crues dans la zone du piémont atlasique. La modélisation des débits de l'oued Rheraya dans le Haut-Atlas marocain (225 km², altitudes comprises entre 1030 m et 4165 m) est réalisée en prenant en compte la composante nivale. Pour cela, le modèle conceptuel global GR4J est appliqué sur la période 1989-2009 en y adjoignant le module CemaNeige qui simule la dynamique de la composante neigeuse de manière semi- distribuée. La fraction enneigée simulée se révèle corrélée avec celle extraite du produit neige MODIS durant la période 2000-2009 (R2 = 0,64). De plus, l'équivalent en eau de la neige simulé est cohérent avec celui mesuré par la station automatique au sommet de l'Oukaimeden durant la période 2004-2006 (R2 = 0,81). Enfin, nous obtenons une simulation des débits qui reproduit bien la très forte variabilité saisonnière et interannuelle. En conclusion, le régime hydrologique de l'oued Rheraya est pluvio-nival avec une distribution unimodale des débits dont le maximum en avril coïncide avec la fonte des neiges. L'étude de la recharge de l'eau souterraine est effectuée à travers l'analyse du suivi des fluctuations de l'eau souterraine sous le lit de l'oued Rheraya sur deux cycles hydrologiques 2014-2015 et 2015-2016.[...]
Groundwater recharge is a little known parameter in the water balance. Knowledge of processes and accurate estimation of groundwater recharge is a prerequisite for effective and sustainable management of groundwater resources. In addition, groundwater recharge is considered the most direct parameter by which climate change affects the renewable groundwater resources. The present PhD thesis focuses on the recharge of the alluvial aquifer of the Haouz plain by the floods of the Rheraya wadi (intermittent river), which descends from the High-Atlas Mountains and crosses the southern plain towards the North. This work has two main objectives: (i) simulating the hydrological regime of the Rheraya River whose floods are at the origin of the groundwater recharge, and (ii) Quantifying the groundwater recharge by the floods of the Rheraya in the zone of the High-Atlas piedmont. The runoff modeling of the Rheraya wadi in the High-Atlas (225 km², elevations ranging between 1030 and 4165 m.a.s.l.) takes into account the snow component. For this purpose, the GR4J conceptual and global model was applied over the period 1989- 2009, coupled with the CemaNeige module for semi-distributed snow dynamics. The daily snow coverage simulated by CemaNeige is in good agreement with that extracted from the MODIS snow product in the period 2000-2009 (R² = 0,64). In addition, the simulated daily snow water equivalent is consistent with that measured at the weather station of Oukaimeden (2004-2006, R² = 0,81). Finally, the runoff simulation reproduces quite well the strong seasonal and inter-annual variability. In conclusion, the hydrological regime of the Rheraya wadi is pluvio-nival with an unimodal distribution whose maximum in April is linked with snowmelt. The study of groundwater recharge is carried out through the analysis of the monitoring of groundwater fluctuations in the streambed of the Rheraya wadi, over two hydrological cycles 2014-2015 and 2015-2016.[...]
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Iltis, Corentin. "Effets du réchauffement climatique sur la performance d’un ravageur des cultures et impact sur les relations tritrophiques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK051.

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Le réchauffement climatique va avoir des répercussions profondes sur les organismes vivants, en particulier les ectothermes comme les insectes, dont la physiologie et le comportement sont intimement liés à la température de leur environnement. Cette thèse propose d’étudier, par voie expérimentale, les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur la performance d’un ravageur majeur de la vigne en Europe, l’eudémis (Lobesia botrana), et les conséquences pour l’interaction entre ce phytophage et les niveaux trophiques associés, en particulier les ennemis naturels (parasitoïdes). Les travaux se focalisent sur trois facettes du réchauffement climatique : une augmentation de température moyenne, une altération de l’amplitude thermique journalière, et l’occurrence d’une vague de chaleur.Les résultats attestent d’un impact des températures sur les traits reliés à la performance larvaire (capacités de défense des chenilles contre les ennemis naturels) et sur la reproduction des adultes, ainsi que sur l’interaction entre ce ravageur et un parasitoïde oophage. Par ailleurs, une importante variabilité de réponses thermiques est observée entre traits et parfois entre facettes du changement climatique, laissant suggérer des conséquences complexes de ce dernier sur la dynamique des populations du ravageur. Ainsi, prédire la réponse d’une espèce au réchauffement climatique nécessite d’adopter une vision relativement intégrative de la biologie de cette espèce, ainsi que de la complexité des changements se produisant au niveau de l’environnement thermique de l’organisme
Global warming poses a major challenge to living organisms, particularly for ectothermic animals like insects, whose physiology and behaviour are closely related with direct thermal surroundings. This thesis aims at experimentally investigating the impacts of climate change on the overall performance of a major grapevine pest, the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana), and the associated consequences for interactions involving this phytophagous insect and adjacent trophic levels, more specifically natural enemies (parasitoids). The experiments conducted focus on three facets of climate change: an increase in mean temperature, an alteration of daily thermal range, and the occurrence of heat waves as extreme thermal events.Results highlight an impact of temperatures on both life-history traits related with larval performance (defensive abilities of caterpillars) and adult reproductive success, with demonstrated repercussions for the interaction between this pest and an oophagous parasitoid. Furthermore, they reveal an important variability of thermal responses occurring among traits and even facets of climate change, thereby suggesting complex consequences of this phenomenon in terms of pest population dynamics. Hence, predicting a species response to climate change requires adopting an integrative perspective of the biology of the focal species while considering the complexity of changes occurring in insect direct thermal environment
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Roberts, Jonathan Henry. "Evolutionary response to fluctuating climate in the Quarternary." Thesis, Kingston University, 2001. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20689/.

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Sheldon's "Plus Ça Change" hypothesis predicts that there is a tendency towards evolutionary stasis in response to long-term climatic fluctuations (i.e. during the Quaternary) and gradualism during phases of relative climatic stability. Published Plio-Pleistocene climatic proxy data are examined and used to subdivide previously published and newly collected evolutionary series into "unstable" and "stable" climate subsets. Tests on these data are conducted using two similar fractal-based methods that determine evolutionary modes as deviations from a null hypothesis of random walk. Both methods are critically examined and are found to produce robust results in most cases. The results reveal a wide range of evolutionary modes during both the Pliocene and Quaternary with no overall tendency towards increasing stasis during the Quaternary. However, a slight tendency towards less stasis is also exhibited in temperate/polar forms during the Quaternary. Examination of three newly collected evolutionary series is conducted: (l) Morphometric trends in the ostracod Limnocythere inopinata from a high-resolution African Holocene sequence (25 - 37 years/sample) reveal short-term (10[sup]1 years) correlation between morphology and Sr/Ca-inferred salinity, interpreted to represent non-genetic physiological response. Evolutionary mode analysis also reveals relaxation of stasis where Sr/Ca ratios are more widely fluctuating, although the overall trend is one of stasis. (2) Attempts at confirming stasis in a Pliocene to recent bivalve, Glycymeris glycymeris are unsuccessful due to the low-resolution nature of the data. It is proposed that such studies should not be over-emphasised in analyses concerned with summarising evolutionary patterns in the fossil record unless sampling resolution is greatly improved. (3) Morphometric trends in the Miocene to recent foraminifera Globigerina bulloides exhibit stasis throughout with no significant change in evolutionary mode during the Quaternary. Previous work on latitudinal diversity gradients has revealed that there are no significant differences between speciation rates in tropical and temperate clades. Also, evidence from studies on recent floral and faunal changes has shown that both tropical and temperate communities respond in similar ways to a globally averaged change in temperature. It is proposed that these latitudinal similarities can be transposed on a temporal scale, representative of the changes between Pliocene to Pleistocene conditions: therefore no significant change would be expected at the onset of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The higher degree of disturbance encountered in colder regions may, however, have resulted in conditions that led to more evolutionary change during the Quaternary. The mechanisms underlying the latter response can be invoked by using genetic algorithm modelling: where simulations are run with a large-scale shift in the environmental target, population means are seen to shift further from the optimum. It is expected that in "real" populations, this would lead to evolutionary change (or migration) in order to avoid extinction in unfavourable conditions. Further studies, utilising improved genetic algorithm modelling, tied to further compilation and testing of evolutionary series is expected to provide further insights into the mechanisms underlying evolutionary processes.
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Pan, Wenwei. "Rectifying the long-term climate fluctuations in the Milankovitch bands." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54990.

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Chang, Fong-Chiau. "On the seasonality of climate fluctuations over the contiguous United States /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10040.

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Books on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

1

Oerlemans, Johannes, ed. Glacier Fluctuations and Climatic Change. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7823-3.

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Boye, François. Rainfall and macroeconomic fluctuations: A Sahelian perspective. 2nd ed. Dakar: Centre de recherches économiques appliquées/FASEG/UCAD, 1997.

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Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy. Les fluctuations du climat, de l'an mil à nos jours. [Paris]: Fayard, 2011.

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1950-, Oerlemans J., ed. Glacier fluctuations and climatic change: Proceedings of the Symposium on Glacier Fluctuations and Climatic Change, held in Amsterdam, 1-5 June 1987. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Kli͡ashtorin, L. B. Climate change and long-term fluctuations of commercial catches: The possibility of forecasting. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2001.

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Deschn̊es, Olivier. Climate change, mortality and adaptation: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather in the U.S. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2007.

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Deschn̊es, Olivier. Climate change, mortality and adaptation: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather in the U.S. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2008.

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Deschênes, Olivier. Climate change, mortality, and adaptation: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather in the U.S. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Deschn̊es, Olivier. Climate change, mortality, and adaptation: Evidence from annual fluctuations in weather in the us. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Xanthakis, John N. A study of the periodicities and climatic fluctuations of atmospheric ozone. Athēnai: Grapheion Dēmosieumatōn tēs Akadēmias Athēnōn, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

1

Philander, S. George. "El Niño: A Predictable Climate Fluctuation." In Global Climate, 34–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05285-3_3.

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Zzaman, Rashed Uz, Sara Nowreen, and Imran Hossain Newton. "Groundwater Fluctuation in Response to Annual Rainfall in North-West Region of Bangladesh." In Water, Flood Management and Water Security Under a Changing Climate, 251–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47786-8_18.

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Iyiola-Tunji, Adetunji Oroye, James Ijampy Adamu, Paul Apagu John, and Idris Muniru. "Dual Pathway Model of Responses Between Climate Change and Livestock Production." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 523–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_230.

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AbstractThis chapter was aimed at evaluating the responses of livestock to fluctuations in climate and the debilitating effect of livestock production on the environment. Survey of livestock stakeholders (farmers, researchers, marketers, and traders) was carried out in Sahel, Sudan, Northern Guinea Savannah, Southern Guinea Savannah, and Derived Savannah zones of Nigeria. In total, 362 respondents were interviewed between April and June 2020. The distribution of the respondents was 22 in Sahel, 57 in Sudan, 61 in Northern Guinea Savannah, 80 in Southern Guinea Savannah, and 106 in Derived Savannah. The respondents were purposively interviewed based on their engagement in livestock production, research or trading activities. Thirty-eight years’ climate data from 1982 to 2019 were obtained from Nigerian Metrological Agency, Abuja. Ilela, Kiyawa, and Sabon Gari were chosen to represent Sahel, Sudan, and Northern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria, respectively. The data contained precipitation, relative humidity, and minimum and maximum temperature. The temperature humidity index (THI) was calculated using the formula: THI = 0.8*T + RH*(T-14.4) + 46.4, where T = ambient or dry-bulb temperature in °C and RH=relative humidity expressed as a proportion. Three Machine Learning model were built to predict the monthly minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and relative humidity respectively based on information from the previous 11 months. The methodology adopted is to treat each prediction task as a supervised learning problem. This involves transforming the time series data into a feature-target dataset using autoregressive (AR) technique. The major component of the activities of livestock that was known to cause injury to the environment as depicted in this chapter was the production of greenhouse gases. From the respondents in this chapter, some adaptive measures were stated as having controlling and mitigating effect at reducing the effect of activities of livestock on the climate and the environment. The environment and climate on the other side of the dual pathway is also known to induce stress on livestock. The concept of crop-livestock integration system is advocated in this chapter as beneficial to livestock and environment in the short and long run. Based on the predictive model developed for temperature and relative humidity in a sample location (Ilela) using Machine Learning in this chapter, there is need for development of a web or standalone application that will be useable by Nigerian farmers, meteorological agencies, and extension organizations as climate fluctuation early warning system. Development of this predictive model needs to be expanded and made functional.
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Singh, Anil Kumar, Jayant Nath Tripathi, Ajay Kumar Taloor, Bahadur Singh Kotlia, Kamalesh Kumar Singh, and Shiv Dass Attri. "Seasonal Ground Water Fluctuation Monitoring Using GRACE Satellite Technology Over Punjab and Haryana During 2005–2015." In Water, Cryosphere, and Climate Change in the Himalayas, 175–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67932-3_11.

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Davies-Vollum, K. Sian, Debadayita Raha, and Daniel Koomson. "Climate Change Impact and Adaptation: Lagoonal Fishing Communities in West Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_221-1.

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AbstractLagoons are a common feature of the low-lying West African coastline. These lagoons are resource-rich and biodiverse. The small-scale fishing communities, which border them, are dependent on the resources and ecosystem services for their livelihoods and well-being. Climate change has had significant and diverse effects on both the lagoons and their surrounding communities. Sea level rise has caused erosion of the coast and increased the risk of floods. Changes to rainfall patterns have caused shifts in lagoon ecosystems and physical cycles. Of particular relevance to lagoon fishing communities is the fluctuation in quantity and distribution of fish catch that they rely upon for economic livelihood. Understanding the vulnerability of these communities to the effects of climate change is critical to supporting and developing successful adaptations. Using a case study from Ghana, sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) and vulnerability framework are used to characterize the community vulnerability, giving insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of vulnerability and how subsections of the community may be identified and prioritized for adaptation interventions. A scalar analysis of the relevant coastal and environmental frameworks and policy to support climate change adaptation in coastal communities reveals the common challenges in implementing adaptation interventions and strategies in the region. A policy gap exists between high level, institutional coastal, and climate directives and implementation of climate adaptations at the local level. That gap might be bridged by a participatory approach that places coastal communities at the center of creating and enacting climate change adaptations.
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Davies-Vollum, K. Sian, Debadayita Raha, and Daniel Koomson. "Climate Change Impact and Adaptation: Lagoonal Fishing Communities in West Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2221–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_221.

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AbstractLagoons are a common feature of the low-lying West African coastline. These lagoons are resource-rich and biodiverse. The small-scale fishing communities, which border them, are dependent on the resources and ecosystem services for their livelihoods and well-being. Climate change has had significant and diverse effects on both the lagoons and their surrounding communities. Sea level rise has caused erosion of the coast and increased the risk of floods. Changes to rainfall patterns have caused shifts in lagoon ecosystems and physical cycles. Of particular relevance to lagoon fishing communities is the fluctuation in quantity and distribution of fish catch that they rely upon for economic livelihood. Understanding the vulnerability of these communities to the effects of climate change is critical to supporting and developing successful adaptations. Using a case study from Ghana, sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) and vulnerability framework are used to characterize the community vulnerability, giving insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of vulnerability and how subsections of the community may be identified and prioritized for adaptation interventions. A scalar analysis of the relevant coastal and environmental frameworks and policy to support climate change adaptation in coastal communities reveals the common challenges in implementing adaptation interventions and strategies in the region. A policy gap exists between high level, institutional coastal, and climate directives and implementation of climate adaptations at the local level. That gap might be bridged by a participatory approach that places coastal communities at the center of creating and enacting climate change adaptations.
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Mabhuye, Edmund B., and Pius Z. Yanda. "Locally based responses to impacts of climate change in pastoral landscapes of Northern Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 101–21. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0101.

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Abstract The impacts of climate change and variability have manifested themselves throughout the world, but considerable temporal and spatial variations exist across various places and countries. Given the variation in vulnerability, this study was undertaken in pastoral landscapes in northern Tanzania to assess the impacts of climate change, adaptation strategies and their implications to communities' livelihoods and ecosystem integrity. It examined: (i) climate trends and associated impacts on communities' livelihood options; (ii) climate change coping and adaptation strategies adopted by selected communities to reduce the severity of climate change impacts; and (iii) the challenges associated with climate change adaptation strategies in the pastoral landscape. Primary data were collected using household surveys, interviews with key informants, focus group discussions, direct field observation using transect walks and institutional analysis. Secondary data were obtained through documentary review and theme-content analysis. Results indicate that there are slight increases in temperature and wind speed as well as decreasing trends and erratic patterns of rainfall which cause drought and extended dry spells. Fluctuation in temperature and rainfall patterns affects livestock keeping through recurrent drought that has negative implications on pasture and water availability. Communities are responding to the changes through traditional response mechanisms and have embraced a few new adaptation strategies against these climate extremes, particularly drought. Generally, strategies for adaptation are likely to be successful in the near future, subject to review and harmonization of policies, institutional and legal frameworks to harness existing opportunities for management of natural resources for sustainable development and build the long-term balance between ecosystem integrity and human needs.
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Zólyomi, B., M. Kéri, and F. Horváth. "Changes and Fluctuation of a Zonal Submediterranean Hairy Oak Wood and the Submediterranean Climate in Time and Space in the Pannonian Basin." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 582–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_68.

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Pandharinath, Navale. "The Climate - Role of Ocean in Climate Fluctuations." In Introduction to Environment, Biodiversity and Climate Change, 257–306. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003230861-12.

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Gu, D., and S. G. H. Philander. "A Theory For Interdecadal Climate Fluctuations." In Beyond El Niño, 301–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58369-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

1

Peng, Hongxia, and Changsheng Huang. "Coupling characteristics of geological disasters and the climate fluctuation in China." In 2011 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceceng.2011.6058184.

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Yupeng, Liu, Yu Deyong, Xun Bin, Hao Ruifang, and Sun Yun. "The effects of trend and fluctuation of climate change on ecosystem productivity." In IGARSS 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6723137.

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Zheng, Zuofang. "Characteristics of long-term climate change in Beijing with Detrended Fluctuation Analysis." In 2010 Sixth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2010.5583007.

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Golmohammadi, Maryam, Alireza Kamal, and Alireza Massah Bovani. "The Investigation of Drought Values Fluctuation under the Effect of Climate Change—Case Study: Gharesou Basin." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41173(414)136.

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Beserra, Eliab R., Andre´ L. T. Mendes, Segen F. Estefen, and Carlos E. Parente. "Wave Climate Analysis for a Wave Energy Conversion Application in Brazil." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29597.

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A variety of ocean wave energy conversion devices have been proposed worldwide considering different technology and energy extraction methods. In order to support full-scale prototype design and performance assessments of a conversion scheme to be deployed on the northern coast of Brazil, a long-term wave climate analysis is under development. A 5-year pitch-roll buoy data series has been investigated through an adaptive technique to enhance spatial resolution and allow for accurate wave directionality evaluation. Device design most influential variables such as extreme significant wave height, peak period and directionality were considered. Temporal variability in wave energy levels was particularly investigated for energy resource assessment. The major findings of this work include the narrow directional amplitude of the incident wave and higher significant wave heights of locally generated waves. The estimated energy resource levels agreed well with literature, also showing little annual fluctuation. The wave climate demonstrated to be in full agreement with the large-scale Equatorial Atlantic atmospheric variability, dominated by either local wind waves or by distant storm swells.
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Salimi Naneh Karan, Farshad, and Subhadeep Chakraborty. "Detecting Behavioral Anomaly in Social Networks Using Symbolic Dynamic Filtering." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9643.

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This paper investigates the use of Symbolic Dynamic Filtering (SDF) algorithms in detecting anomalous behavior trends in social networks. Data is generated from an agent-based discrete choice model, which relies on a Markov Decision Process framework for stochastic simulation of decision-making in a social setting, where choices and decisions by individuals are influenced by social interactions. We show that such collective imitative behavior leads to rapid unstable fluctuations in the society, the fluctuation statistics being a weak function of the number of extremist nodes present in the network as well as the prevailing political climate. In this paper, using a time-trace of global opinions in the said society, we investigate the effectiveness of SDF in estimating the number of extremist nodes in a network, and studying the role of unpopular government policies as an enabler of political instability. Spread of influence and ‘recruiting’ by extremist groups through social networks has become an important political issue in recent years. This study is a step in the direction of building tools to preempt and intervene such efforts.
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Antonietto, Lucas S., Lisa E. Park Boush, and Alison Luk. "THE REAL “FRAIL SEX”: PREVALENCE OF CARAPACE ABERRANCE IN MALE CYPRIDEIS AMERICANA (CRUSTACEA, OSTRACODA) DUE TO CLIMATE-DRIVEN SALINITY FLUCTUATION IN BAHAMIAN PONDS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320451.

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RUDZIANSKAITĖ, Aurelija, and Stefanija MISEVIČIENĖ. "INVESTIGATION OF PHOSPHORUS CHANGE IN A SANDY LOAM ASSOCIATED WITH CONTROLLED DRAINAGE." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.066.

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Most of the soil chemical matters are soluble in the water; therefore changes in hydrological regime of ecosystem are closely related to the changes of nutrient leaching. Excess phosphorus causes eutrophication in surface waters. The aim of the research was to establish controlled drainage influence on the soil moisture regime, on the amount of mobile phosphorus in the soil and its leaching. Investigations were carried out in sandy loam and loam soils in the Middle Lithuanian Lowland from June 2014 to June 2015. During the study period precipitation was 93 % of the climate normals, the average temperature was 1.4 ° C higher than the climate normals. Based on preliminary studies, several tendencies were observed, that when drainage outflow began, the amount of soil moisture in subsoil (50–80 cm layer of the soil) of controlled drainage plot was higher than in the conventional drainage plot, and higher moisture supplies stayed for a longer period of time. Also the fluctuation (variation’s coefficient 24 %) of mobile P2O5. was higher. The Ptotal and PO4-P concentrations were lower in the controlled drainage than in the conventional drainage during winter – spring flood period, when water pressure was the highest (70 cm) in the outlet of drainage and water flowed through flap of the riser column
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RUBEŽIUS, Mantas, Kęstutis VENSLAUSKAS, and Kęstutis NAVICKAS. "CONVERSION TO BIOGAS OF HERBACEOUS PLANTS, USED FOR OIL HYDROCARBONS CONTAMINATED SOILS CLEANING." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.197.

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Fossil fuel demand growth in and price fluctuation, depletion resources and supply monopolize, climate change is forcing the restructuring of energy and other industrial and transport area, seeking for renewable energy sources. Using phytoremedial methods in biomass engineering, there is a possibility to create a sustainable method of biomass growth in mid-low contaminated sites soil system. Main aim of the research was to assess the oil-contaminated soil treatment herbaceous plants and their subsequent use for biogas production in order to create a closed cleaning and plant biomass utilization cycle. After the evaluation of the biogas yield and energy conversion efficiency performance it was found that all of the selected herbaceous plant biomass is suitable as raw material for the production of biogas. The biogas potential of selected plants ranged from 377.2 to 822.9 l/kg dry organic matter with an energy value ranging from 7.1 MJ/kg to 17.1 MJ/kg.
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Lohan, John, Niall Burke, and Michael Greene. "Climate Variables That Influence the Thermal Performance of Horizontal Collector Ground Source Heat Pumps." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95589.

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The performance characteristics of new heat pumps are usually evaluated under standard test conditions in certified test laboratories prior to their market release. While this data allows potential customers an opportunity to compare different heat pumps under the same conditions it is difficult to assess how variations in operating conditions, particularly around horizontally oriented ground collectors impact on heat pump Coefficient Of Performance (COP). Indeed, harsh winter conditions of continental climates dictate that horizontal collectors are buried sufficiently deep enough to operate in a thermally stable environment, independent of the weather, but this is not as critical in milder maritime climates and shallower collectors that may be influenced by climate are used. This review paper therefore seeks to identify the key climate variables that have been shown to influence the efficiency of horizontal collector heat pump systems. The literature highlights the significant impact of soil moisture content on COP, but the extended relationship between climate, moisture content and COP has not been established. Historical climate data from both a continental and maritime climate is presented and key aspects of their respective weather patterns are compared to assess their capacity to influence soil condition and COP. A series of empirical models linking changes in soil moisture content to fluctuations in soil thermal conductivity, diffusivity and resistance are also presented so that the impact of climate on soil thermal energy content and heat transfer characteristics might be assessed. However, since no one study has experimentally determined the complex relationship between climate, soil heat transfer characteristics and heat pump performance, this paper concludes with an overview of an experimental test facility that allows this relationship to be established for horizontal collector heat pumps in maritime climates.
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Reports on the topic "Climate fluctuation"

1

Lorenz, Edward N. Climate Sensitivity and Long-Period Temperature Fluctuations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada183540.

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2

Ashraf, Quamrul, and Stelios Michalopoulos. Climatic Fluctuations and the Diffusion of Agriculture. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18765.

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3

Deschênes, Olivier, and Michael Greenstone. Climate Change, Mortality, and Adaptation: Evidence from Annual Fluctuations in Weather in the US. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13178.

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4

Joseph H. Hartman, Deborah L. Beck, David D. Kuehn, John R. Reid, and Jon Reiten. HOLOCENE CYCLICITY IN WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA - CLIMATE CHANGE INTERPRETED FROM FLUCTUATIONS IN ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTATION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/759251.

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5

Brown Macpherson, J., and T. W. Anderson. Further evidence of late glacial climatic fluctuations from Newfoundland: pollen stratigraphy from a north coast site. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120266.

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6

Tsybekmitova, G. Ts, and M. O. Matveeva. Content of nutrients in the lakes of the Onon-Torey depression during the period of climatic fluctuations. Published by Russian Research Institute for Water Resources Integrated, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1999-4508-2019-3-94-108.

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