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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Climate niche'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Bublys, Kasparas. "Diet variability in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) as a response to environmental variables along a latitudinal gradient." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-365794.

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Climate change is expected to have a profound impact on freshwater fish communities, especially at higher latitudes. In this study I investigated potential effects of climate change on the niche structure of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) by looking at their diet across a latitudinal gradient and at varying light climate. Dietary niche width of Eurasian perch did not differ significantly between boreal and temperate latitudes. Additionally, no significant difference in the prevalence of specialist individuals was found along the latitudinal gradient and water transparency levels. Habitat w

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2

Bledsoe, April, Danika Mosher, Mitchell Ogden, Monica Ayala, T. Andrew Joyner Joyner, and Ingrid Luffman. "Ecological Niche Modeling and Sustainable Agroforestry: Climate Change Mitigation for Guatemalan Coffee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/64.

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Coffea arabica is a species with far-reaching impacts on the global economy. Nevertheless, climate-related challenges threaten the coffee industry at its source: its growing regions. The coffee industry is a significant economic driver in Guatemala, but farmers are increasingly reporting losses in crop yield and arable land due to climate-related challenges. Ecological niche modeling (ENM) can be employed to make predictions about the current and future suitability of regions for a species by identifying significant biotic or abiotic indicators. An ENM was used to project suitable land into th

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3

Bledsoe, April, Danika Mosher, Mitchell Ogden, Monica Ayala, Timothy Andrew Joyner, and Ingrid Luffman. "Ecological Niche Modeling and Sustainable Agroforestry: Climate Change Mitigation for Guatemalan Coffee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/70.

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Coffea arabica is a species with far-reaching impacts on the global economy. Nevertheless, climate-related challenges threaten the coffee industry at its source: its growing regions. The coffee industry is a significant economic driver in Guatemala, but farmers are increasingly reporting losses in crop yield and arable land due to climate-related challenges. Ecological niche modeling (ENM) can be employed to make predictions about the current and future suitability of regions for a species by identifying significant biotic or abiotic indicators. An ENM was used to project suitable land into th

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4

Boucher, Florian. "Evolution de la niche climatique et de la distribution géographique des espèces végétales alpines." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062257.

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La niche climatique des espèces joue un rôle important dans la distribution spatiale de la biodiversité mais la manière dont les niches climatiques évoluent reste encore peu connue. Ce travail vise à révéler la manière dont les niches climatiques évoluent en général, et plus précisément à déterminer comment certaines plantes se sont adaptées aux environnements alpins. En étudiant de nombreux groupes de plantes, de poissons, de mammifères et d'oiseaux, nous avons montré que les niches climatiques évoluent le plus souvent par à-coups et non pas de manière graduelle. Les niches climatiques resten

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5

Serra, Díaz Josep M. "Applying correlative ecological niche models to global change studies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96302.

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La distribució de les espècies ha estat objecte d’estudi per part de diverses disciplines donada la seva naturalesa multifactorial. Així, entendre veritablement la distribució de les espècies implica necessàriament un millor coneixement del funcionament de la biosfera. D’altra banda, el canvi global que està patint el nostre planeta previsiblement afectarà en gran mesura moltes espècies, variant així la distribució i composició dels ecosistemes tal i com els coneixem avui dia i implícitament dels serveis que proporcionen. La modelització ha permès augmentar el nostre grau de comprensió sob

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6

Audusseau, Hélène. "Effect of climate and land use on niche utilization and distribution of nettle-feeding butterflies." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-119719.

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Anthropogenic changes in climate and land use are causing a dramatic erosion of biodiversity. To understand this erosion, and predict future transformations of biodiversity, we need to understand better species’ response to these changes at different spatial and temporal scales. Modeling studies have identified correlations between physical parameters of the environment and species’ distribution at large spatial scales. However, this does not accurately characterize the response of a specific species, since this does not account for the constraints arising from the biology of the species. This

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7

Vázquez, Rivera Héctor. "Changing Climate and Geographical Patterns of Taxonomic Richness." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31721.

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The geographic variation of taxonomic richness may be directly determined by climate through contemporaneous/ecological processes, versus other (e.g., historical/evolutionary processes) that happen to be collinear with contemporaneous climate. In Chapter 1 I evaluated hypotheses from both groups of explanations in North America. If contemporaneous climate controls patterns of richness, then richness should vary with climate through time in the same way that richness varies with current climate through space. Over the last ca. 11,000 yr, richness-temperature relationships remained reasonably

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8

Boavida-Portugal, Joana Sousa e. Silva. "Global patterns of marine biodiversity and the potential impact of climate change." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27840.

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Marine species are highly susceptible to climate change as demonstrated by several studies. However, most of these studies focus on few species or on restricted geographical areas. Within this context, the main goal of my dissertation is to characterize global patterns and forecast the effects of climate change on marine biodiversity. This work is the first macroecological approach to investigate the effects of climate change in the marine realm on key commercial marine groups, namely coastal lobsters (125 species), cephalopods (161 species) and small pelagic fish (103 species). Here I aimed t

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9

Compagnoni, Aldo. "Climate change and plant demography in the sagebrush steppe." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1748.

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We used demographic methods to address one of the main challenges facing ecological science: forecasting the effect of climate change on plant communities. Ecological forecasts will be crucial to inform long-term planning in wildland management and demographic methods are ideal to quantify changes in plant abundance. We carried out our research in the sagebrush steppe, one of the most extensive plant ecosystems of Western North America. Our research intended to inform ecological forecasts on an exotic invader, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). Moreover, we investigated the general question asking:

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10

JAMWAL, Pushpinder Singh. "Niche modelling, current distribution and future scenarios for the otters in Himalayas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/109967.

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Otters (Family Mustelidae; Subfamily Lutrinae) are considered bioindicators of the wetlands they live in. Because they are engaged in a variety of ecosystem processes, any disruption to these ecosystems, such as hunting or climate change, is first reflected in the otter populations in the area. For species conservation and management, a basic knowledge of species ecology is required. Feeding and habitat ecology are critical for species survival because they allow for informed decisions regarding the protection and management of a species' preferred habitats. Additionally, the Himalayan mou

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Yadav, Sunita. "The Influence of Climate and Topography in Modeling Distributions for Species with Restricted Ranges: A Case Study Using the Hawaiian Endemic Plant Genus, Schiedea (Caryophyllaceae)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447690823.

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Douglas, M. R., M. A. Davis, M. Amarello, et al. "Anthropogenic impacts drive niche and conservation metrics of a cryptic rattlesnake on the Colorado Plateau of western North America." ROYAL SOC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617208.

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Ecosystems transition quickly in the Anthropocene, whereas biodiversity adapts more slowly. Here we simulated a shifting woodland ecosystem on the Colorado Plateau of western North America by using as its proxy over space and time the fundamental niche of the Arizona black rattlesnake (Crotalus cerberus). We found an expansive (= end-of-Pleistocene) range that contracted sharply (= present), but is blocked topographically by Grand Canyon/Colorado River as it shifts predictably northwestward under moderate climate change (= 2080). Vulnerability to contemporary wildfire was quantified from avail

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Colombo, Alexandre Falanga. "Consequencias potenciais das mudanças climaticas globais para especies arboreas da Mata Atlantica." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315801.

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Orientador: Carlos Alfredo Joly<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T11:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Colombo_AlexandreFalanga_M.pdf: 5588594 bytes, checksum: 83b01e835775102ddb89b1b93563832d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007<br>Resumo: Desde o início da colonização portuguesa, a Mata Atlântica, um dos dez biomas mais ricos e diversos do mundo, sofreu uma redução considerável em extensão e diversidade. O extrativismo, o avanço da agricultura extensiva e o rápido crescimento das cidades na faixa litor

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Mestre, Frederico Manuel Vaz Pontes Vitorino. "Synergistic effects of climate change and habitat fragmentation on species range shifts and metapopulation persistence." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21118.

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The effects of climate and landscape change on biodiversity have been widely acknowledged. However, there is still limited understanding on how the interaction among these processes affects species persistence over large spatial scales. This thesis aims to study the synergistic effects of climate and landscape change on species persistence and range shift dynamics. Using the Cabrera vole as model species, and combining ecological niche modeling (ENM), non-invasive genetic analysis and field sampling at predicted range margins, it is shown that forecasting range shifts of metapopulations under

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PORCEDDU, MARCO. "Germination niche of Sardinian endemic species in mountain riparian deciduous forests." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266409.

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The Supramontes region and Gennargentu massif are two of the most interesting territories of Central Eastern Northern Sardinia. Riparian vegetation among mountainous waterways of these territories are mainly constituted by Alnus glutinosa with other associated taxa such as Taxus baccata, Ilex aquifolium and Rhamnus persicifolia. Rare and threatened Sardinian endemic species such as Ribes multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum, Aquilegia barbaricina, Rhamnus persicifolia and Paeonia corsica grow under and close to the canopy of such riparian woods. Temperature is considered one of the major envir

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Farallo, Vincent R. "Notes from the Underground: Linking Microhabitat and Species Distributions of Plethodontid Salamanders." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou148156741016879.

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Obenauer, Julie, Megan Quinn, Ying Li, and Andrew Joyner. "Including Human Population Characteristics in Ecological Niche Models for Aedes aegypti when Modeling Projected Disease Risk due to Climate Change." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/13.

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The Aedes aegypti mosquito is responsible for transmission of four vector-borne diseases that cause considerable global morbidity and mortality. Projections of the future effects of global climate change indicate that expansion of this species due to changing habitats is possible. Furthermore, since A. aegypti is highly dependent on human populations for feeding and egg-laying sites, changing human population characteristics are likely to alter the risk of exposure for humans based on geographic location. This study aims to create future potential risk maps for human exposure to A. aegypti usi

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Obenauer, Julie. "The Increasing Risk of Vector-Borne Diseases: Mapping the Effects of Climate Change and Human Population Density on Future Aedes aegypti Habitats." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3199.

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The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the vector for four infectious diseases of global concern – Yellow Fever, Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zikavirus. Previous attempts to model the expansion of the vector habitat due to global climate change have rarely included characteristics related to the human populations on which this mosquito is dependent. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the inclusion of human population density improves model performance while creating risk maps that can be used to determine where humans are most likely to be exposed to the vector in the future. The resulti

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Ström, Lotta. "Effects of climate change on boreal wetland and riparian vegetation." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43811.

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Models of climate change predict that temperature will increase during the 21th century and the largest warming will take place at high northern latitudes. In addition to warming, predictions for northern Europe include increased annual precipitation and a higher proportion of the precipitation during winter falling as rain instead of snow. These changes will substantially alter the hydrology of rivers and streams and change the conditions for riverine communities. The warming is also expected to result in species adjusting their geographic ranges to stay within their climatic tolerances. Ripa

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Schulte, Ulrich [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Veith. "Origin, climate niche, population genetics and intraspecific hybridization of introduced wall lizard populations in Central Europe / Ulrich Schulte ; Betreuer: Michael Veith." Trier : Universität Trier, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1197806334/34.

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Roura, i. Pascual Núria. "Predicting Argentine ant invasion across spatial scales via ecological niche models." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7909.

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La formiga argentina (Linepithema humile) es troba entre les espècies més invasores: originària d'Amèrica del Sud, actualment ha envaït nombroses àrees arreu del món. Aquesta tesi doctoral intenta fer una primera anàlisi integrada i multiescalar de la distribució de la formiga argentina mitjançant l'ús de models de nínxol ecològic. D'acord amb els resultats obtinguts, es preveu que la formiga argentina assoleixi una distribució més àmplia que l'actual. Les prediccions obtingudes a partir dels models concorden amb la distribució actualment coneguda i, a més, indiquen àrees a prop de la costa i

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Bourgeaud, Luana. "Histoire évolutive et potentiel adaptatif : une approche éco-évolutive de la vulnérabilité des espèces aux changements climatiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30263.

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Comprendre les processus influençant la distribution géographique des espèces est un des objectifs en écologie et il revêt actuellement un intérêt particulier puisque le changement climatique causé par les activités humaines entraine la redistribution des espèces à la surface du globe. Dans ce contexte, nous avons exploré la dynamique temporelle de la niche climatique (ensemble des exigences climatiques d'une espèce) dans le but de déterminer la capacité des espèces à faire face aux changements climatiques. Pour cela, nous nous sommes intéressés aux taux de changements de niches climatiques pa

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Barreto, Bruno de Souza. "Conservação de mamíferos no cerrado e em Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3334.

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Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-10T21:20:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Bruno de souza Barreto - 2012.pdf: 2817636 bytes, checksum: 84c30327e24d85125e1faf1207b4bb14 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-13T20:46:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Bruno de souza Barreto - 2012.pdf: 2817636 bytes, checksum: 84c30327e24d85125e1faf1207b4bb14 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Made availa

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Cordier, Tristan. "Structure des assemblages fongiques de la phyllosphère des arbres forestiers et effet potentiel du changement climatique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14511/document.

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La phyllosphère est l’habitat fourni par la partie foliaire des plantes. De nombreuses espèces microbiennes - pathogènes, saprophytes ou mutualistes des plantes - peuplent cet environnement. Ce compartiment microbien influence donc la dynamique et la structure des communautés végétales. L’objectif principal de cette thèse était d’étudier les effets potentiels du changement climatique sur la structure des assemblages fongiques de la phyllosphère des arbres forestiers, et sur la niche écologique des espèces fongiques pathogènes des arbres forestiers. Nous avons pour cela utilisé deux approches,

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Mosher, Danika. "Past, Current, and Future Potential Distributions of Red Spruce and Fraser Fir Forests in the Southern Appalachians: Interpreting Possible Impacts of Climate Change." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3851.

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Spruce-Fir forests are relicts from the Pleistocene and can only be found within the Southern Appalachians. Analyzing the relationships between species distribution, climatic parameters, topography, and biotic interactions through ecological niche modeling creates prediction maps for conservation efforts. Maxent, Boosted Regression, and Random Forest were utilized to compare which model and variable combinations best approximate the unique mountain forest environment. Maxent with a bias file produced optimal results and was used to examine distributional changes that may occur in the future an

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TIROZZI, PIETRO. "Long-term responses of bird populations to environmental and climatic changes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/403719.

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Un’approfondita conoscenza circa le risposte delle popolazioni selvatiche ai cambiamenti ambientali e climatici rappresenta un obiettivo primario per migliorare le politiche ambientali e promuovere la conservazione della biodiversità. La capacità di una popolazione nel rispondere ai cambiamenti che avvengono negli ecosistemi è uno dei principali fattori che può determinare la sua traiettoria nel tempo e nello spazio. La presente tesi illustra, sia da un punto di vista metodologico che applicativo, quattro studi che analizzano alcuni tipi di risposte a lungo termine delle popolazioni di uccelli

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Georgian, Sam Ellis. "ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGETIC CONSTRAINTS ON COLD-WATER CORALS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/382890.

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Biology<br>Ph.D.<br>Cold-water corals act as critical foundation species in the deep sea by creating extensive three-dimensional habitat structures that support biodiversity hotspots. There is currently a paucity of data concerning the environmental requirements and physiology of cold-water corals, severely limiting our ability to predict how resilient they will be to future environmental change. Cold-water corals are expected to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of ocean acidification, the reduction in seawater pH and associated changes to the carbonate system caused by anthropogenic

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Schickele, Alexandre. "Modélisation des aires de répartition futures d'espèces marines d'intérêt commercial en Méditerranée dans un contexte de changement climatique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4069.

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Les conditions environnementales définissent la distribution des espèces marines à l’échelle globale. Celles-ci seront potentiellement altérées par le changement climatique, impactant l’exploitation des ressources halieutiques et l’équilibre des écosystèmes. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse identifie les espèces et les zones géographiques qui seront potentiellement impactées par le changement climatique, en se focalisant sur certaines espèces, indigènes ou non-indigènes, d’intérêt commercial en Méditerranée.Basée sur le concept de niche écologique, qui définit la distribution potentielle d’une es

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Dennhardt, Lauren Alexsandra. "Evidence of Climate Niche Creation in the Northern Great Plains: The History of Invasion, Population Genetics, Competitive Effect, and Long-Term Trends of Invasive Poa Pratensis L." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28229.

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Understanding the mechanisms of invasion is critical in order to control an invasive species. Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky bluegrass) is an invasive species that has been present in the northern Great Plains (NGP) for over 100 years, but has become a dominant species in the mixed grass region recently. My dissertation seeks to answer one critical question—why has P. pratensis become such a successful invasive species in the NGP? I first asked if the invasion was caused by adaptation and/or propagule pressure. I screened the genetic fingerprint of invasive P. pratensis in the NGP along with measu

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Storey, Liza Preethy. "Effects of climate and land use change on invasive species a case study of Tradescantia fluminensis (Vell.) in New Zealand /." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2634.

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Climate change, land use change and invasive species are transforming global biodiversity at multiple scales. Projections are for threats to biodiversity from these global changes to continue into the future, with varied and discernible distribution changes for many species. Concomitantly, these global changes will interact with each other to further exacerbate the problem, as exemplified in this study. In New Zealand, climate change is expected to affect landscapes, fragmented and disturbed by land use change, further increasing the potential invasibility of these landscapes for a suite of ex

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Oliveira, Brunno Freire Dantas de. "Padr?es distintos de congru?ncia clim?tica em duas esp?cies invasoras de prosopis em zonas semi-?ridas da Am?rica do Sul." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14022.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunnoFDO_DISSERT.pdf: 1072437 bytes, checksum: ca0f1130c794e389077757530d1d5b66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-13<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>Based on climate data and occurrence records, ecological niche models (ENM) are an important opportunity to identify areas at risk or vulnerable to biological invasion. These models are based on the assumption that there is a match between the climatic characteristic of native and invaded regions predicting the potential distributio

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Silva, Helen Rosa da. "Padrões espaciais e temporais na amplitude de nicho climático de vertebrados terrestres." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5527.

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Préau, Clémentine. "Identification et modélisation des habitats d'espèces à enjeux et évolution de leur aire de répartition avec le changement climatique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2316.

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La chute de la biodiversité actuelle est le résultat des changements globaux et notamment du changement climatique. Elle contribue à amplifier les effets des changements globaux sur les écosystèmes. Bien que l’évaluation des impacts du changement climatique sur la distribution des espèces soit largement étudiée à de larges échelles, l’évaluation à l’échelle nationale, régionale ou même départementale est moins systématique bien qu’elle soit la plus appropriée pour être prise en compte dans les stratégies de conservation. Afin d’évaluer la vulnérabilité d’espèces emblématiques des zones humides

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Barbosa, Fabiana Gonçalves. "Modelos de distribuição de espécies invasoras : tendências e aplicações." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49285.

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Modelos de distribuição de espécies, também conhecidos como modelos bioclimáticos ou modelos de nicho ecológico, têm sido aplicados em inúmeras questões ecológicas, incluindo espécies invasoras. Essa tese identificou as principais tendências e lacunas de estudos sobre o uso de modelos de distribuição de espécies para predizer a distribuição potencial de espécies invasoras (primeiro artigo). Adicionalmente, aplicou-se modelos de distribuição de espécies para predizer a distribuição potencial de Eragrostis plana Nees na América do Sul e verificar se ocorreu mudança de seu nicho bioclimático dura

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Sorribas, Mellado Juan José. "Biological control of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): spatial and temporal distribution of natural enemies, parasitism levels and climate effects." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/14794.

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En muchas áreas citrícolas del mundo el piojo rojo de California (PRC), Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), está considerado una plaga clave. En el Este de España se ha extendido durante las últimas décadas hasta cubrir una amplia extensión de cítricos. El control químico es difícil y frecuentemente es seguido de infestaciones recurrentes en poco tiempo, de la aparición de resistencias a diferentes productos usados para su control y de la eliminación de enemigos naturales en el campo. La mejora del manejo integrado y las técnicas de control biológico del PRC requieren conocer la com

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Gurgel, Priscila Cabral Silveira. "Reproductive modes are associated to climatic niche evolution in treefrogs (anura: hylidae)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6263.

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Chaalali, Aurélie. "Évolution à long terme de l'écosystème estuarien de la Gironde." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922990.

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Les estuaires font partie des écosystèmes les plus productifs de la planète. Ils constituent une zone d'importants échanges de matières et jouent à ce titre un rôle capital pour les cycles biogéochimiques. Du fait de leur position à l'interface entre domaines continental et marin, ils sont également un lieu de passage obligatoire pour de nombreuses espèces de poissons migrateurs ou encore de nourricerie et de refuge. Ces systèmes sont contraints par de nombreuses pressions de natures diverses dont certaines en lien avec les activités humaines locales (p. ex. pêcheries, transport maritime, drag

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Zacarias, Daniel Augusta. "Desafios para conservação de elefantes na África." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8107.

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Antunes, Nicolas. "Application d'algorithmes prédictifs à l'identification de niches écoculturelles des populations du passé : approche ethnoarchéologique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0173/document.

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La géographie des groupes humains résulte d’événements historiques culturels et environnementaux. Notre démarche consiste à identifier des relations cultures/environnements dans des populations actuelles ou historiques bien documentées pour ensuite déceler l’éventuelle présence de phénomènes similaires dans des populations anciennes dont seuls les vestiges archéologiques sont connus. Après avoir passé en revue différents concepts permettant de décrire l’espace écologique occupé par une espèce (ou une population déterminée par un trait spécifique), nous déduisons que le concept de niche est idé

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Coetzee, Bernard W. T. "Implications of global change for important bird areas in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29591.

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The Important Bird Areas (IBAs) network of BirdLife International aims to identify sites that are essential for the long-term conservation of the world’s avifauna. A number of global change events have the potential to negatively affect, either directly or indirectly, most bird species, biodiversity in general and associated ecological processes in these areas identified as IBAs. To assist conservation decisions, I assessed a suite of ten landscape scale anthropogenic pressures to 115 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in South Africa, both those currently placing pressures on IBAs and those that con

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Andrade, Thiago. "Évolution spatiotemporelle de la diversité et du fonctionnement d'une guilde de parasitoïdes." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S124/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’analyse des dimensions spatiale et temporelle du fonctionnement et de la diversité taxonomique et fonctionnelle d’une guilde. Au sein d’une guilde, les espèces exploitent un même type de ressources; pour cette raison, les niches écologiques fondamentales des membres d’une guilde sont similaires et une relation de compétition interspécifique se met en place si la ressource partagée est limitante. Quatre questions principales sur le fonctionnement d’une guilde ont été abordées : (1) à quelles échelles spatio-temporelles se structurent la guilde et les ressources exploitée

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Antunes, Nicolas. "Application d'algorithmes prédictifs à l'identification de niches écoculturelles des populations du passé : approche ethnoarchéologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0173.

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La géographie des groupes humains résulte d’événements historiques culturels et environnementaux. Notre démarche consiste à identifier des relations cultures/environnements dans des populations actuelles ou historiques bien documentées pour ensuite déceler l’éventuelle présence de phénomènes similaires dans des populations anciennes dont seuls les vestiges archéologiques sont connus. Après avoir passé en revue différents concepts permettant de décrire l’espace écologique occupé par une espèce (ou une population déterminée par un trait spécifique), nous déduisons que le concept de niche est idé

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Buisson, Laetitia. "Poissons des rivières françaises et changement climatique : impacts sur la distribution des espèces et incertitudes des projections." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT005A/document.

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Les changements climatiques et leurs impacts sur la biodiversité font aujourd'hui l'objet d'une attention croissante de la part de la communauté scientifique et des gestionnaires des écosystèmes naturels. En effet, le climat influence la biologie et l'écologie des espèces animales et végétales, depuis leur physiologie jusqu'à leur répartition. Les modifications climatiques pourraient donc avoir des répercussions importantes sur les espèces et les assemblages. Au sein des écosystèmes aquatiques continentaux, les poissons de rivière sont des organismes incapables de réguler leur température corp

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Nassif, Yaacoub. "Déterminisme des limites climatiques des aires de distribution des essences forestières méditerranéennes. Une approche expérimentale sur quatre espèces au Liban." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025AGPT0001.

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Le changement climatique a profondément perturbé les écosystèmes naturels, particulièrement dans le bassin méditerranéen, une région caractérisée par une forte vulnérabilité face aux évolutions en cours du climat. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse vise à étudier la gamme climatique de plusieurs essences méditerranéennes et de mieux comprendre le rôle des facteurs abiotiques, biotiques et historiques dans la distribution et la persistance de ces essences forestières aux marges chaudes et froides de leur répartition. La thèse explore également si les limites altitudinales de leur répartition naturel

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Bertelsmeier, Cleo. "Biologie des invasions de fourmis dans un contexte de changement climatique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112358/document.

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Le changement climatique et les invasions biologiques sont parmi les plus grandes menaces de la biodiversité et leurs impacts pourraient augmenter jusqu’à la fin du siècle. Parmi les espèces envahissantes, les fourmis sont un groupe particulièrement néfaste dû à leurs impacts sur les espèces natives, les processus écosystémique, la santé, l’agriculture et l’économie. L’objectif de cette thèse était de prédire les invasions de fourmis – en particulier avec le changement climatique qui pourrait favoriser les invasions en éliminant des barrières thermiques. J’ai utilisé trois approches complément

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Bledsoe, April Dawn. "A Tale of Two Species: Black-tailed and White-tailed Prairie Dog Biogeography from the Last Interglacial to 2070." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3764.

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Ecological niche models (ENMs) were created for White-tailed and Black-tailed prairie dogs and projected into the Last Interglacial (LI), the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and mid-Holocene (mid-H) to discern possible past suitable habitat for both species. Additionally, ENMs were projected into the future year 2070 representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5 to discern how climate change may affect future habitat suitability. Kernel density estimations, minimum convex polygons, and median distribution centers of White-tailed and Black-tailed occurrence records were examined between

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Russell, Vanessa. "Identifying Environmental Factors Driving Differences in Climatic Niche Overlap in Peromyscus Mice." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1565722438217428.

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Martins, Fernando de Farias. "Preferência de umidade na oviposição de grilos de serrapilheira (orthoptera: grylloidea): experimentos de campo e laboratório." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3478.

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Kaimuddin, Awaluddin Halirin. "Impact du changement climatique sur la distribution des populations de poissons. Approche par SIG, modèles et scénarios d'évolution du climat." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0039/document.

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La compréhension des interactions liant la répartition des espèces, la biodiversité, les habitats marins et le changement climatique est nécessaire voire fondamentale pour la mise en oeuvre d’une gestion efficace de la conservation, par exemple la mise en place d’aires marines protégées. Dans cette étude, nous avons travaillé sur l’évolution de richesse de 89 espèces de poissons notées «rares» ou «exotiques» (observées en dehors de leur aire de répartition connue) lié au changement climatique. Nous avons modélisé et prédit leur distribution saisonnière par le modèle SIG en fonction de leurs ni

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MACRI', CARMELO NICODEMO. "Adaptations of plant species to environmental changes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1003150.

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The future climate change represents the biggest challenge for plant and animal species. The scenarios forecasted by the IPCC predict a global increase in temperatures and regional changes in rainfall during this century. Therefore, studying the relationship between climate and several traits of species is crucial in our understanding of the effects that future changes may have on plants. Species growing along a wide environmental gradient are a suitable study model to verify the relationship between intraspecific variability and both current and future climate. The aim of my PhD project is to

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