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Journal articles on the topic 'Climatologie du métro'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 20 February 2024

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1

Beauvais, François, Olivier Cantat, Philippe Madeline, Patrick Le Gouée, Sophie Brunel-Muguet, and Mohand Medjkane. "Quelles conséquences du changement climatique sur le blé tendre en Normandie aux horizons 2050 et 2100 ?" Climatologie 16 (2019): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1414.

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En Normandie, la culture du blé qui occupe 24 % de la SAU régionale tient une place importante parmi les productions végétales. Le changement climatique peut-il avoir des conséquences sur le cycle de cette céréale et perturber les pratiques et les espaces concernés ? Cet article projette la phénologie et les performances culturales de l’agrosystème céréalier régional d’ici la fin du 21ème siècle. Il s’appuie sur une modélisation bioclimatique qui mobilise les données CNRM-2014 du CNRS et de Météo-France sorties du modèle régional ALADIN-Climat pour trois scénarios RCP du GIEC. Dans le cas de d

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2

Kastendeuch, Pierre P., and Georges Najjar. "Une simulation des interactions ville-atmosphère à différentes échelles : application sur Strasbourg." Climatologie 12 (2015): 44–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1118.

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Plusieurs modèles météorologiques ont été utilisés pour simuler les interactions ville-atmosphère à différentes échelles. Cette chaîne de simulation implique l’utilisation de réanalyses globales d’une résolution de 16 km comme données de forçage météorologique. Ce forçage est utilisé pour contraindre un modèle de méso-échelle qui permet d’atteindre une résolution de 250 m sur la ville grâce à la technique du grid-nesting. Finalement les champs du modèle à 250 m ont été utilisés comme forçage météorologique pour un modèle de simulation de canopée urbaine en 3D qui fonctionne avec une résolution

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3

Specq, Damien. "Titre de la thèse : Prévisibilité des fortes précipitations aux échéances infra-saisonnières sur le Pacifique Sud-Ouest tropical." Climatologie 19 (2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202219002.

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Cet article est un condensé de la thèse soutenue par l’auteur le 6 novembre 2020 et récompensée par le prix Gérard Beltrando de l’Association Internationale de Climatologie au titre de l’année 2021. Cette thèse a été préparée au Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (UMR 3589, Météo-France & CNRS) entre 2017 et 2020 sous la direction de Lauriane Batté et Michel Déqué.

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4

Besson, François, Pierre Etchevers, Florence Habets, et al. "Suivi en temps réel des sécheresses : de l'analyse à la prévision saisonnière." La Houille Blanche, no. 4 (August 2020): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2020042.

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Météo-France opère en temps réel depuis 2003 la chaîne de modélisation hydro-météorologique SIM, composée du module d'analyse des conditions atmosphériques en surface (SAFRAN), d'une modélisation détaillée des interactions sol-biosphère-atmosphère (ISBA) et du modèle hydrogéologique MODCOU. Cette chaîne a connu une évolution majeure en 2016 afin d'améliorer certains de ses composants. Cette application temps-réel, complétée par une réanalyse depuis 1958 permet de caractériser la situation par rapport aux années antérieures pour plusieurs variables du cycle hydrologique (précipitations, humidit

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5

Garcelon, Laurent, Sébastien Brana, Julien Didez, and Frédéric Ameye. "StatIC : un réseau d'observation au service d'une information de proximité et de vulgarisation scientifique." La Météorologie, no. 122 (2023): 037. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2023-0071.

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Depuis 20 ans, l'association Infoclimat développe un réseau de stations normalisées en complément de l'observation visuelle réalisée par ses passionnés. Ces observations, qui s'inscrivent dans la durée et sont pour certaines dans la continuité des postes du Réseau climatologique d'État précédemment exploités par Météo-France, sont les témoins d'un changement climatique de plus en plus prégnant et rapide. La mine d'or qu'elles représentent aujourd'hui permet la réalisation d'outils pédagogiques au service de la vulgarisation scientifique. For 20 years, Infoclimat, a non-profit organization, has

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6

Sorel, Matthieu, Jean-Michel Soubeyroux, Agathe Drouin, et al. "Normales climatiques 1991-2020." La Météorologie, no. 119 (2022): 073. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2022-0086.

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Les normales climatologiques sont des produits statistiques calculés à partir de séries de données sur des périodes de 30 ans. Elles comprennent aussi bien des valeurs moyennes que d'autres paramètres statistiques, les quantiles par exemple. Définies par l'Organisation météorologique mondiale, elles permettent de caractériser le climat sur ces périodes et servent de référence pour analyser les événements climatiques en temps réel. Météo-France a entrepris depuis janvier 2021 le calcul des nouvelles normales climatiques 1991-2020 et les utilise dans l'ensemble de sa production climatologique de

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7

Trzaska, S., V. Moron, and B. Fontaine. "Global atmospheric response to specific linear combinations of the main SST modes. Part I: numerical experiments and preliminary results." Annales Geophysicae 14, no. 10 (1996): 1066–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-1066-7.

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Abstract. This article investigates through numerical experiments the controversial question of the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena on climate according to large-scale and regional-scale interhemispheric thermal contrast. Eight experiments (two considering only inversed Atlantic thermal anomalies and six combining ENSO warm phase with large-scale interhemispheric contrast and Atlantic anomaly patterns) were performed with the Météo-France atmospheric general circulation model. The definition of boundary conditions from observed composites and principal components is pre

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8

Wang, D., C. Prigent, L. Kilic, et al. "Surface Emissivity at Microwaves to Millimeter Waves over Polar Regions: Parameterization and Evaluation with Aircraft Experiments." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 5 (2017): 1039–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0188.1.

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AbstractThe Tool to Estimate Land Surface Emissivity from Microwave to Submillimeter Waves (TELSEM2) is linked to a climatology of monthly emissivity estimates and provides a parameterization of the surface emissivity up to 700 GHz, in the framework of the preparation for the Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) on board the Meteorological Operational Satellite Second Generation (MetOp-SG). It is an updated version of the Tool to Estimate Land Surface Emissivities at Microwave Frequencies (TELSEM; Aires et al. 2011). This study presents the parameterization of continental snow and ice and sea ice emissiviti

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9

Lémond, J., Ph Dandin, S. Planton, et al. "DRIAS: a step toward Climate Services in France." Advances in Science and Research 6, no. 1 (2011): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-6-179-2011.

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Abstract. DRIAS (Providing access to Data on French Regionalized climate scenarios and Impacts on the environment and Adaptation of Societies) is a 2-yr project (2010–2012). It is funded by the GICC (Management and Impact of Climate Change) program of the French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transportation, and Housing (MEDDTL). DRIAS is to provide easy access to French regional climate data and products in order to facilitate mitigation and adaptation studies. The DRIAS project focuses on existing French regional climate projections obtained from national modelling groups such

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Batté, Lauriane, Constantin Ardilouze, and Michel Déqué. "Forecasting West African Heat Waves at Subseasonal and Seasonal Time Scales." Monthly Weather Review 146, no. 3 (2018): 889–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0211.1.

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Abstract Early indication of an increased risk of extremely warm conditions could help alleviate some of the consequences of severe heat waves on human health. This study focuses on boreal spring heat wave events over West Africa and the Sahel and examines the long-range predictability and forecast quality of these events with two coupled forecasting systems designed at Météo-France, both based on the CNRM-CM coupled global climate model: the operational seasonal forecasting System 5 and the experimental contribution to the World Weather Research Programme/World Climate Research Programme (WWR

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11

Vincendon, Béatrice, Simon Edouard, and Véronique Ducrocq. "De l'incertitude dans un système de prévision d'ensemble des crues rapides méditerranéennes." La Houille Blanche, no. 3-4 (October 2019): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2019051.

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Il est crucial d'augmenter le délai d'anticipation des crues rapides méditerranéennes pour mieux anticiper leur impact. Mais la prévision hydrométéorologique est affectée par plusieurs sources d'incertitude : l'incertitude majeure qui provient des prévisions de précipitations utilisées en entrée des modèles hydrologiques, mais aussi la connaissance de l'humidité initiale du sol et le modèle hydrologique lui-même. Pour échantillonner ces incertitudes, des systèmes de prévision d'ensemble hydrométéorologique sont conçus et comparés. Ils sont basés sur le modèle atmosphérique à l'échelle kilométr

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12

Durand, Yves, Martin Laternser, Gérald Giraud, Pierre Etchevers, Bernard Lesaffre, and Laurent Mérindol. "Reanalysis of 44 Yr of Climate in the French Alps (1958–2002): Methodology, Model Validation, Climatology, and Trends for Air Temperature and Precipitation." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 48, no. 3 (2009): 429–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jamc1808.1.

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Abstract Since the early 1990s, Météo-France has used an automatic system combining three numerical models to simulate meteorological parameters, snow cover stratification, and avalanche risk at various altitudes, aspects, and slopes for a number of mountainous regions in France. Given the lack of sufficient directly observed long-term snow data, this “SAFRAN”–Crocus–“MEPRA” (SCM) model chain, usually applied to operational avalanche forecasting, has been used to carry out and validate retrospective snow and weather climate analyses for the 1958–2002 period. The SAFRAN 2-m air temperature and

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13

Lee, Chia-Ying, Suzana J. Camargo, Fréderic Vitart, et al. "Subseasonal Predictions of Tropical Cyclone Occurrence and ACE in the S2S Dataset." Weather and Forecasting 35, no. 3 (2020): 921–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0217.1.

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Abstract Probabilistic tropical cyclone (TC) occurrence, at lead times of week 1–4, in the Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) dataset are examined here. Forecasts are defined over 15° in latitude × 20° in longitude regions, and the prediction skill is measured using the Brier skill score with reference to climatological reference forecasts. Two types of reference forecasts are used: a seasonally constant one and a seasonally varying one, with the latter used for forecasts of anomalies from the seasonal climatology. Models from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Australi

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14

Tabary, P. "The New French Operational Radar Rainfall Product. Part I: Methodology." Weather and Forecasting 22, no. 3 (2007): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf1004.1.

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Abstract A new radar-based rainfall product has been developed at Météo-France and is currently being deployed within the French operational Application Radar à la Météorologie Infra-Synoptique (ARAMIS) radar network. The rainfall product is based entirely on radar data and comprises the following successive processing steps: 1) dynamic identification of ground clutter based on the pulse-to-pulse fluctuation of the radar signal, 2) reflectivity-to-rain-rate conversion using the Marshall–Palmer Z–R relationship, 3) correction for partial beam blocking using numerical simulations of the interact

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15

Teyssèdre, H., M. Michou, H. L. Clark, et al. "A new chemistry-climate tropospheric and stratospheric model MOCAGE-Climat: evaluation of the present-day climatology and sensitivity to surface processes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 4 (2007): 11295–398. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-11295-2007.

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Abstract. We present the chemistry-climate configuration of the Météo-France Chemistry and Transport Model, MOCAGE-Climat. MOCAGE-Climat is a state-of-the-art model that simulates the global distribution of ozone and its precursors (82 chemical species) both in the troposphere and the stratosphere, up to the mid-mesosphere (~70 km). Surface processes (emissions, dry deposition), convection, and scavenging are explicitly described in the model that has been driven by the ECMWF operational analyses of the period 2000–2005, on T21 and T42 horizontal grids and 60 hybrid vertical levels, with and w

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16

Viel, Christian, Anne-Lise Beaulant, Jean-Michel Soubeyroux, and Jean-Pierre Céron. "How seasonal forecast could help a decision maker: an example of climate service for water resource management." Advances in Science and Research 13 (April 12, 2016): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-13-51-2016.

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Abstract. The FP7 project EUPORIAS was a great opportunity for the climate community to co-design with stakeholders some original and innovative climate services at seasonal time scales. In this framework, Météo-France proposed a prototype that aimed to provide to water resource managers some tailored information to better anticipate the coming season. It is based on a forecasting system, built on a refined hydrological suite, forced by a coupled seasonal forecast model. It particularly delivers probabilistic river flow prediction on river basins all over the French territory. This paper prese

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17

Vernay, Matthieu, Matthieu Lafaysse, Diego Monteiro, et al. "The S2M meteorological and snow cover reanalysis over the French mountainous areas: description and evaluation (1958–2021)." Earth System Science Data 14, no. 4 (2022): 1707–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1707-2022.

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Abstract. This work introduces the S2M (SAFRAN–SURFEX/ISBA–Crocus–MEPRA) meteorological and snow cover reanalysis in the French Alps, Pyrenees and Corsica, spanning the time period from 1958 to 2021. The simulations are made over elementary areas, referred to as massifs, designed to represent the main drivers of the spatial variability observed in mountain ranges (elevation, slope and aspect). The meteorological reanalysis is performed by the SAFRAN system, which combines information from numerical weather prediction models (ERA-40 reanalysis from 1958 to 2002, ARPEGE from 2002 to 2021) and th

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18

Gao, Ya, Huijun Wang, and Dong Chen. "The Capability of ENSEMBLES Models in Predicting the Principal Modes of Pan-Asian Monsoon Precipitation." Journal of Climate 28, no. 21 (2015): 8486–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0010.1.

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Abstract The predictability of the dominant modes of summer (June–September) precipitation in the pan-Asian monsoon region is evaluated based on 1-month-lead retrospective forecasts in five state-of-the-art coupled models from the ENSEMBLES project for the period 1979–2005. The results show that the models and their multimodel ensemble mean (MME) perform well in reproducing the interannual variability of the climatology and the spatiotemporal distribution of the first mode of summer precipitation in the pan-Asian monsoon region. The associated oceanic and atmospheric circulation indicators are

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19

Durand, Yves, Gérald Giraud, Martin Laternser, Pierre Etchevers, Laurent Mérindol, and Bernard Lesaffre. "Reanalysis of 47 Years of Climate in the French Alps (1958–2005): Climatology and Trends for Snow Cover." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 48, no. 12 (2009): 2487–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jamc1810.1.

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Abstract Since the early 1990s, Météo-France has used an automatic system combining three numerical models to simulate meteorological parameters, snow cover stratigraphy, and avalanche risk at various altitudes, aspects, and slopes for a number of mountainous regions (massifs) in the French Alps and the Pyrenees. This Système d’Analyse Fournissant des Renseignements Atmosphériques à la Neige (SAFRAN)–Crocus–Modèle Expert de Prévision du Risque d’Avalanche (MEPRA) model chain (SCM), usually applied to operational daily avalanche forecasting, is here used for retrospective snow and climate analy

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20

Tabary, P., J. Desplats, K. Do Khac, F. Eideliman, C. Gueguen, and J.-C. Heinrich. "The New French Operational Radar Rainfall Product. Part II: Validation." Weather and Forecasting 22, no. 3 (2007): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf1005.1.

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Abstract A new operational radar-based rainfall product has been developed at Météo-France and is currently being deployed within the French operational network. The new quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) product is based entirely on radar data and includes a series of modules aimed at correcting for ground clutter, partial beam blocking, and vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) effects, as well as the nonsimultaneity of radar measurements. The surface rainfall estimation is computed as a weighted mean of the corrected tilts. In addition to the final QPE, a map of quality indexes is

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21

Teyssèdre, H., M. Michou, H. L. Clark, et al. "A new tropospheric and stratospheric Chemistry and Transport Model MOCAGE-Climat for multi-year studies: evaluation of the present-day climatology and sensitivity to surface processes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 22 (2007): 5815–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5815-2007.

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Abstract. We present the configuration of the Météo-France Chemistry and Transport Model (CTM) MOCAGE-Climat that will be dedicated to the study of chemistry and climate interactions. MOCAGE-Climat is a state-of-the-art CTM that simulates the global distribution of ozone and its precursors (82 chemical species) both in the troposphere and the stratosphere, up to the mid-mesosphere (~70 km). Surface processes (emissions, dry deposition), convection, and scavenging are explicitly described in the model that has been driven by the ECMWF operational analyses of the period 2000–2005, on T21 and T42

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22

Terzago, Silvia, Giulio Bongiovanni, and Jost von Hardenberg. "Seasonal forecasting of snow resources at Alpine sites." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 27, no. 2 (2023): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-519-2023.

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Abstract. Climate warming in mountain regions is resulting in glacier shrinking, seasonal snow cover reduction, and changes in the amount and seasonality of meltwater runoff, with consequences on water availability. Droughts are expected to become more severe in the future with economical and environmental losses both locally and downstream. Effective adaptation strategies involve multiple timescales, and seasonal forecasts can help in the optimization of the available snow and water resources with a lead time of several months. We developed a prototype to generate seasonal forecasts of snow d

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23

Barbu, A. L., J. C. Calvet, J. F. Mahfouf, and S. Lafont. "Integrating ASCAT surface soil moisture and GEOV1 leaf area index into the SURFEX modelling platform: a land data assimilation application over France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 1 (2014): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-173-2014.

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Abstract. The land monitoring service of the European Copernicus programme has developed a set of satellite-based biogeophysical products, including surface soil moisture (SSM) and leaf area index (LAI). This study investigates the impact of joint assimilation of remotely sensed SSM derived from Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) backscatter data and the Copernicus Global Land GEOV1 satellite-based LAI product into the the vegetation growth version of the Interactions between Soil Biosphere Atmosphere (ISBA-A-gs) land surface model within the the externalised surface model (SURFEX) modelling platf

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24

Bourras, Denis. "Comparison of Five Satellite-Derived Latent Heat Flux Products to Moored Buoy Data." Journal of Climate 19, no. 24 (2006): 6291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3977.1.

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Abstract Five satellite products of latent heat flux at the sea surface were compared to bulk fluxes calculated with data from 75 moored buoys, on almost 36 successive months from 1998 to 2000. The five products compared are the Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Dataset (HOAPS-2), the Japanese Ocean Flux Datasets with Use of Remote Sensing Observations (J-OFURO), the Jones dataset, the Goddard Satellite-Based Surface Turbulent Fluxes, version 2 (GSSTF-2), and the Bourras–Eymard–Liu dataset (BEL). The comparisons were performed under tropical and midlatitude environm

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Cantat, Olivier. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle d’un événement météo-climatique extrême : la canicule de l’été 2003 en Europe de l’ouest." Climatologie, Volume 2 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.908.

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26

"Les phénomènes climatiques extrêmes en France." Revue Générale Nucléaire, no. 2 (March 2021): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20212024.

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De quelle nature sont les phénomènes climatiques extrêmes en France ? Comment évoluent-ils et comment les étudie-t-on ? Décryptage avec Jean-Michel Soubeyroux, directeur scientifique adjoint de la climatologie et des services climatiques à Météo France

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"Quatrième Rencontre Météo Jeunes - 25 et 26 mai 2002 - Météopole de Toulouse (31) - la climatologie : mémoire et évolution du climat." La Météorologie 8, no. 37 (2002): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/35943.

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