Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clinic of livestock species

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Clinic of livestock species'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 September 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

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Woolhouse, Mark, Melissa Ward, Bram van Bunnik, and Jeremy Farrar. "Antimicrobial resistance in humans, livestock and the wider environment." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1670 (June 5, 2015): 20140083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0083.

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans is inter-linked with AMR in other populations, especially farm animals, and in the wider environment. The relatively few bacterial species that cause disease in humans, and are the targets of antibiotic treatment, constitute a tiny subset of the overall diversity of bacteria that includes the gut microbiota and vast numbers in the soil. However, resistance can pass between these different populations; and homologous resistance genes have been found in pathogens, normal flora and soil bacteria. Farm animals are an important component of this complex system: they are exposed to enormous quantities of antibiotics (despite attempts at reduction) and act as another reservoir of resistance genes. Whole genome sequencing is revealing and beginning to quantify the two-way traffic of AMR bacteria between the farm and the clinic. Surveillance of bacterial disease, drug usage and resistance in livestock is still relatively poor, though improving, but achieving better antimicrobial stewardship on the farm is challenging: antibiotics are an integral part of industrial agriculture and there are very few alternatives. Human production and use of antibiotics either on the farm or in the clinic is but a recent addition to the natural and ancient process of antibiotic production and resistance evolution that occurs on a global scale in the soil. Viewed in this way, AMR is somewhat analogous to climate change, and that suggests that an intergovernmental panel, akin to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, could be an appropriate vehicle to actively address the problem.
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Silvestre, Miguel A., Jesús L. Yániz, Fernando J. Peña, Pilar Santolaria, and María Castelló-Ruiz. "Role of Antioxidants in Cooled Liquid Storage of Mammal Spermatozoa." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (July 8, 2021): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071096.

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Cooled preservation of semen is usually associated with artificial insemination and genetic improvement programs in livestock species. Several studies have reported an increase in reactive oxidative species and a decrease in antioxidant substances and sperm quality parameters during long-term semen storage at refrigerated temperatures. The supplementation of antioxidants in extenders before refrigeration could reduce this detrimental effect. Various antioxidants have been tested, both enzymatic, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and non-enzymatic, such as reduced glutathione, vitamins E and C and melatonin. However, the problem of oxidative stress in semen storage has not been fully resolved. The effects of antioxidants for semen-cooled storage have not been reviewed in depth. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to review the efficiency of the supplementation of antioxidants in the extender during cooled storage of semen in livestock species.
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Díaz-San Segundo, Fayna, Francisco J. Salguero, Ana de Ávila, Juan C. Espinosa, Juan M. Torres, and Alejandro Brun. "Distribution of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) in brains of livestock and domesticated species." Acta Neuropathologica 112, no. 5 (September 7, 2006): 587–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00401-006-0133-1.

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Manuelian, Carmen L., Rosario Pitino, Marica Simoni, Alexandros Mavrommatis, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Righi, and Eleni Tsiplakou. "Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Livestock Mammals’ Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years." Antioxidants 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091461.

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In the last two decades, the interest in natural plant feed additives (PFA) as alternatives to synthetic vitamins in livestock nutrition has increased. After a systematic review, a total of 19 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2020 were retained to evaluate the antioxidant effects of PFA compared to synthetic antioxidant vitamins (mainly vitamin E; VitE) in livestock nutrition. These studies demonstrated that PFAs could be as efficient as VitE in counteracting oxidative stress in pigs, rabbits, and ruminants. However, PFAs only positively affected animals’ growth performance and feed efficiency in some monogastric studies. The PFA can affect antioxidant enzyme activity in a dose- and method of administration-dependent manner. The antioxidant capacity of both PFA and VitE were depressed in cows fed with diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Variability among studies could be related to species differences. Despite the interest of the feed industry sector in PFA, there are still very few studies evaluating their antioxidant effect in species other than poultry.
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Hue-Beauvais, Cathy, Yannick Faulconnier, Madia Charlier, and Christine Leroux. "Nutritional Regulation of Mammary Gland Development and Milk Synthesis in Animal Models and Dairy Species." Genes 12, no. 4 (April 3, 2021): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040523.

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In mammals, milk is essential for the growth, development, and health. Milk quantity and quality are dependent on mammary development, strongly influenced by nutrition. This review provides an overview of the data on nutritional regulations of mammary development and gene expression involved in milk component synthesis. Mammary development is described related to rodents, rabbits, and pigs, common models in mammary biology. Molecular mechanisms of the nutritional regulation of milk synthesis are reported in ruminants regarding the importance of ruminant milk in human health. The effects of dietary quantitative and qualitative alterations are described considering the dietary composition and in regard to the periods of nutritional susceptibly. During lactation, the effects of lipid supplementation and feed restriction or deprivation are discussed regarding gene expression involved in milk biosynthesis, in ruminants. Moreover, nutrigenomic studies underline the role of the mammary structure and the potential influence of microRNAs. Knowledge from three lactating and three dairy livestock species contribute to understanding the variety of phenotypes reported in this review and highlight (1) the importance of critical physiological stages, such as puberty gestation and early lactation and (2) the relative importance of the various nutrients besides the total energetic value and their interaction.
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Doekes, Harmen P., Piter Bijma, and Jack J. Windig. "How Depressing Is Inbreeding? A Meta-Analysis of 30 Years of Research on the Effects of Inbreeding in Livestock." Genes 12, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060926.

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Inbreeding depression has been widely documented for livestock and other animal and plant populations. Inbreeding is generally expected to have a stronger unfavorable effect on fitness traits than on other traits. Traditionally, the degree of inbreeding depression in livestock has been estimated as the slope of the linear regression of phenotypic values on pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients. With the increasing availability of SNP-data, pedigree inbreeding can now be replaced by SNP-based measures. We performed a meta-analysis of 154 studies, published from 1990 to 2020 on seven livestock species, and compared the degree of inbreeding depression (1) across different trait groups, and (2) across different pedigree-based and SNP-based measures of inbreeding. Across all studies and traits, a 1% increase in pedigree inbreeding was associated with a median decrease in phenotypic value of 0.13% of a trait’s mean, or 0.59% of a trait’s standard deviation. Inbreeding had an unfavorable effect on all sorts of traits and there was no evidence for a stronger effect on primary fitness traits (e.g., reproduction/survival traits) than on other traits (e.g., production traits or morphological traits). p-values of inbreeding depression estimates were smaller for SNP-based inbreeding measures than for pedigree inbreeding, suggesting more power for SNP-based measures. There were no consistent differences in p-values for percentage of homozygous SNPs, inbreeding based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) or inbreeding based on a genomic relationship matrix. The number of studies that directly compares these different measures, however, is limited and comparisons are furthermore complicated by differences in scale and arbitrary definitions of particularly ROH-based inbreeding. To facilitate comparisons across studies in future, we provide the dataset with inbreeding depression estimates of 154 studies and stress the importance of always reporting detailed information (on traits, inbreeding coefficients, and models used) along with inbreeding depression estimates.
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Mgode, Georgies F., Ginethon G. Mhamphi, Apia W. Massawe, and Robert S. Machang’u. "Leptospira Seropositivity in Humans, Livestock and Wild Animals in a Semi-Arid Area of Tanzania." Pathogens 10, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060696.

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Background: Leptospirosis is among the major neglected zoonoses in developing countries. The prevalence of leptospirosis remains underestimated in many African countries because of limited diagnostic facilities. We studied Leptospira seropositivity prevalence in humans, sheep, goats and rodents in a semi-arid region of central Tanzania and compared findings with reports from humid tropical areas. The aims were to establish the disease burden in different settings; understand circulating Leptospira serovars and potential major reservoirs for establishing appropriate control measures. Methods: Humans, sheep, goats, rodents and shrews (insectivores) were sampled from Bahi district, a semi-arid area in central Tanzania. Samples were tested for leptospiral antibodies using microscopic agglutination test (MAT) consisting of Leptospira serovars mainly reported in Tanzania and reference strains. Findings were compared with previous data to determine the disease epidemiological patterns. Results and conclusion: Semi-arid area showed high Leptospira seropositivity prevalence in humans and domestic animals due to intensive human–animal interactions at scarce water points and by flash flooding which occur in the area. Rodent population in the semi-arid areas was relatively low due to flooding. Leptospira seropositivity in rodents was also slightly lower, and the rodents appeared to be prolific breeders, probably as a means to compensate for the lost population during extreme drought as well as during short spells of floods. Intensive human–animal interaction in the semi-arid areas especially, in water sources in valleys where human and animals often meet, likely increased the risk of leptospirosis transmission to rice farmers in the area. Goats and sheep which are kept around homesteads had higher leptospiral antibodies prevalence (62%), nearly double of the 38% reported in same species in humid tropical regions of Tanzania. Livestock, especially goats and sheep, could be the major source of leptospirosis transmission to humans. Vaccination of livestock with vaccines against local Leptospira strains should be encouraged, and rodent control emphasized, as part of a management strategy against leptospirosis. Public awareness of leptospirosis must also be raised and supported by availability of rapid test kits in clinics for preliminary testing of leptospirosis in people with fevers of unknown origin.
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Ros-Santaella, José Luis, and Eliana Pintus. "Plant Extracts as Alternative Additives for Sperm Preservation." Antioxidants 10, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050772.

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Sperm preservation is a crucial factor for the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in humans, livestock, and wildlife. Irrespective of the extender and the storage conditions used, semen handling and preservation negatively affect sperm quality. Moreover, oxidative stress, which often arises during semen storage, significantly reduces sperm function and compromises the sperm fertilizing ability by inducing oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Plant extracts have recently emerged as a cheap and natural source of additives to preserve and enhance sperm function during semen storage. The present work provides an update on the use of these natural compounds as alternative additives for sperm preservation in 13 animal species, including humans. A detailed description of the effects of 45 plant species, belonging to 28 families, on sperm function during semen storage is presented. The plant material and extraction method employed, dosage, possible toxic effects, and antimicrobial properties are provided.
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Fernández-Soto, Pedro, Catalina Avendaño, Anna Sala-Vizcaíno, Beatriz Crego-Vicente, Begoña Febrer-Sendra, Juan García-Bernalt Diego, Ana Oleaga, et al. "Molecular Markers for Detecting Schistosoma Species by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification." Disease Markers 2020 (July 24, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8042705.

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Schistosomiasis is considered a neglected parasitic disease. Around 280,000 people die from it annually, and more than 779 million people are at risk of getting infected. The schistosome species which infect human beings are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma intercalatum, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma guineensis, and Schistosoma mekongi. This disease is also of veterinary significance; the most important species being Schistosoma bovis since it causes the disease in around 160 million livestock in Africa and Asia. This work was aimed at designing and developing a genus-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for detecting the most important schistosome species affecting humans and for the species-specific detection of S. bovis. Bioinformatics tools were used for primer design, and the LAMP method was standardised for detecting the ITS-1 region from S. intercalatum, S. haematobium, S. mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. bovis DNA (generic test) and the NADH 1 gene for specifically detecting S. bovis (at different DNA concentrations). Detection limits achieved were 1 pg DNA for S. mansoni, 0.1 pg for S. haematobium, 1 pg for S. intercalatum, and 10 pg for S. bovis. No amplification for S. japonicum DNA was obtained. The LAMP designed for the amplification of S. bovis NADH-1 worked specifically for this species, and no other DNA from other schistosome species included in the study was amplified. Two highly sensitive LAMP methods for detecting different Schistosoma species important for human and veterinary health were standardised. These methods could be very useful for the diagnosis and surveillance of schistosome infections.
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Wardhana, April Hari, I. Abadi, M. M. Cameron, P. D. Ready, and M. J. R. Hall. "Epidemiology of traumatic myiasis due to Chrysomya bezziana in Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 23, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v23i1.1617.

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<p>Epidemiology of traumatic myiasis in Indonesia was studied by the widespread collection of fly larvae from infested livestock in passive case detection surveys involving veterinary clinics. In addition, monthly data from Kediri regency in Eastern Java were analysed from 2006-2009 to explore the seasonality of myiasis. Larvae from a total of 260 cases from the nationwide survey and 341 cases from Kediri were identified. Except for 5 cases of chicken infestation due to Musca species in the nationwide survey, all other cases were exclusively caused by the Old World screwworm (OWS) fly, Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The monthly numbers of cases at Kediri were very variable, with cases in all months, but there was statistical evidence for an increase in cases in January and December, during the rainy season. The greatest numbers of infestations recorded were from cattle and goats. The most frequently infested sites nationwide and in Kediri were the vulva and umbilicus, associated with calving, which is a major risk period for traumatic myiasis. Mitochondrial DNA typing of 176 specimens was useful for detecting multiple infestations, but no association was found between genetic lineage and host. The equatorial climate of Indonesia, combined with poor husbandry systems are factors that help to support OWS fly development year round. Even if not considered a disease of strategic importance, screwworm myiasis remains a threat to livestock production in Indonesia and a major welfare issue that requires constant interventions by farmers. The new and collated epidemiological data presented represent the most extensive survey of traumatic myiasis in Indonesia to date and provide a valuable baseline to support integrated pest management programs.</p>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

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Patanita, Francisco Manuel Cardoso. "Patologia e clínica das espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30132.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a descrição das atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio curricular no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária pela Universidade de Évora. Numa primeira parte é apresentada a casuística acompanhada ao longo do estágio, com referência pormenorizada a alguns casos clínicos, nas diversas áreas de intervenção da clínica em espécies pecuárias. A segunda parte deste relatório é composta por uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema “urolitíase em ruminantes”. Na terceira e última parte serão apresentados três casos clínicos acompanhados no decorrer do estágio. Será feita uma discussão onde são relatados os procedimentos cirúrgicos e terapêuticas médicas efetuadas com a devida crítica e possíveis melhorias; Pathology and Clinic of Livestock Species Abstract: The present report aims to describe the activities developed during the curricular traineeship as part of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Veterinary Medicine, in Évora University. The first part includes the casuistry that took place along the externship, giving emphasis to some of the clinical cases assessed in different livestock species clinical areas. The second part of this report consists of a brief literature review on the topic "urolithiasis in ruminants". In the third and final part, three clinical cases followed during the externship will be approached and described. A discussion will be made where the surgical procedures and medical therapies performed are reported, with due criticism and possible improvements.
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Picanço, António Imaginário. "Patologia clínica e cirúrgica de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16422.

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O presente relatório tem como finalidade descrever as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora. Na primeira parte está apresentada a descrição das atividades acompanhadas nas áreas de sanidade e profilaxia, patologia médica, patologia cirúrgica e controlo reprodutivo de espécies pecuárias. A segunda parte do relatório consiste numa breve revisão bibliográfica sobre amputações de membros em vitelos. Apesar de ser um procedimento praticado com pouca frequência em bovinos, por vezes, é a única solução para manter vivo um animal que apresente uma fratura óssea aberta conspurcada, necrosada ou infetada. Por fim, estão apresentados três casos clínicos e evolução pós-cirúrgica de fraturas ósseas em vitelos cuja resolução foi a amputação parcial do membro; Medical and Surgical Pathology of livestock species Abstract: This report aims to describe the developed activities during the internship integrated on the master degree in veterinary medicine at the University of Évora. Firstly are described the followed activities in the areas of diseases control program, medical pathology, surgical pathology and reproductive control in livestock species. The following part of this report consists on a brief literature review of limb amputations in calves. Even though it’s a procedure unusually performed in cattle, sometimes, is the only solution to save the life of a calf with an open bone fracture severely contaminated, necrotic or infected. Lastly, are presented three clinical cases and post-surgical evolution of bone fractures in calves that were resolved by parcial limb amputation.
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Pinto, Miguel Fonseca Morais. "Clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21311.

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O presente relatório, inerente ao estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora, tem como objetivo descrever as atividades observadas e realizadas na área da clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias. Na primeira parte é feita uma descrição do local de estágio, uma caraterização das explorações acompanhadas e a distribuição casuística das atividades desenvolvidas. A segunda parte deste relatório consiste numa revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, aborto infecioso em pequenos ruminantes e ainda no desenvolvimento de dois casos clínicos. O aborto em pequenos ruminantes causa significativas perdas reprodutivas de elevada importância económica. O aborto pode ter etiologia infeciosa ou não infeciosa e ocorrer de forma isolada ou em surto. Quando ocorre em forma de surto pode tomar proporções graves e a intervenção correta do médico veterinário, no diagnóstico, tratamento e controlo é fundamental; Abstract: Medical and Surgical Pathology of livestock species This report, associated to an internship of a masters degree in Veterinary Medicin in the University of Évora, has as its main purpose to describe the observed and realized activities in the area of clinic and surgery in livestock species. The first part of this report is based on a description of the internship site, on a characterization of the livestock farms studied in this report and the casuistry distribution of the developed activities. The second part of this report consists in a brief literature review about infectious abortions in small ruminants and also in the development of clinic cases. Abortions in small ruminants can cause significant reproductive losses which result in important economic losses. Abortions can be caused by infectious or non-infectious etiology and these can occur in an isolated event or in an outbreak. When these happen in an outbreak, they can take dangerous proportions and a correct intervention of the veterinary, during the diagnose, treatment and control is very important.
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Gato, Vasco José Galhanas. "Clínica e cirurgia de espécieis pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26358.

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O presente relatório, relativo ao estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora, pretende descrever as atividades realizadas na área da clínica de espécies pecuárias, encontrando-se subdivido em duas partes. Na primeira parte, realiza-se uma descrição e caracterização do local de estágio e explorações acompanhadas, bem como uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa da casuística observada e desenvolvimento das situações de maior relevo. A segunda parte consiste numa revisão bibliográfica sobre um tema, nomeadamente o prolapso do sistema reprodutivo em ruminantes, a qual é complementada pelo relato e discussão de três casos clínicos. O prolapso do trato reprodutivo pode ocorrer tanto no pré como no pós-parto, podendo igualmente ocorrer em animais não gestantes. Os órgãos reprodutivos prolapsados correspondem ao útero, cérvix ou vagina, sendo classificado de acordo com este critério. Trata-se de uma urgência médica, pois as complicações inerentes podem ter consequências fatais; Abstract: This report, concerning to the internship of the master’s degree in veterinary medicine in the University of Évora, intends to describe the realized activities in the clinical area of livestock species, being subdivided into two parts. In the first part, a description and characterization of the stage and accompanying explorations is carried out, as well as a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the studied casuistry and development of the most relevant situations. The second part consists of a literature review on a theme, reproductive prolapse in ruminants, which is complemented by the report and discussion of three clinical cases. Reproductive prolapse may occur both in the pre and postpartum periods, and may also occur in non-pregnant animals. The prolapsed reproductive organs correspond to the uterus, cervix or vagina, and are classified according to this criterion. This is a medical emergency, because the inherent complications can have fatal consequences.
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Marques, Ana Teresa de Simões Graça e. Almeida. "Clínica e sanidade em espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13541.

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Este trabalho reúne as atividades realizadas durante o estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, apresentando-se a casuística observada nas diferentes espécies e áreas, fazendo-se referência a temas de maior relevância. Como tema de desenvolvimento, optou-se pela realização de um estudo relativo à distócia e mortalidade perinatal em bovinos de carne. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica do tema e seguidamente tratados os dados recolhidos durante o período de estágio. Observou-se a principal influência de fatores como o tempo de intervenção, causa da distócia, resolução da distócia, raça, número de partos da vaca e a coloração dos fluidos e membranas fetais ao parto, apresentando diferenças estatisticamente significativas (P<0.05). Observaram-se também correlações significativas (P<0.05) entre os vários fatores. A distócia e a mortalidade perinatal representam uma grande parte das perdas económicas e na produção das explorações, sendo essencial a sua prevenção; Abstract: Farm animal health and clinics in livestock species This report brings together the activities carried out during the internship for the Master in Veterinary Medicine, presenting the number of cases attended in different species and areas, making reference to the most relevant issues. As a development subject was conducted a study on the perinatal mortality and dystocia in beef cattle. A literature review on the subject was held and the data collected during the training period were analyzed. The main factors observed as influent in dystocia and perinatal mortality were the time of intervention, the cause of dystocia, the resolution of dystocia, the breed of the dam, the parity of the cow and the coloration of the fluid and fetal membranes at birth, showing statistically significant differences (P <0.05). There was also observed significant correlations (P <0.05) among the factors. The dystocia and perinatal mortality represent a large part of production losses and economic holdings, requiring prevention measures.
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Martins, Andreia Filipa Vairinhos. "Clínica e reprodução de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13568.

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Neste relatório são descritas as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio curricular em clínica e reprodução de espécies pecuárias. Contempla ainda uma revisão bibliografia e um estudo de caso sobre os fatores que afetam a fertilidade e a avaliação da eficiência reprodutiva em ovinos. No estudo de caso procurou avaliar-se a influência da idade, da raça e da condição corporal na fertilidade de um rebanho leiteiro, em duas épocas de cobrição (estudo 1) e na sincronização de estros (estudo 2). A fertilidade do efetivo variou segundo a época de cobrição (58,2% e 55,9%, na cobrição de junho-outubro e dezembro respetivamente). A existência de animais muito jovens teve um impacto negativo na fertilidade, sendo que fertilidade apenas no efetivo adulto foi de 71,6% e 66,7%, na cobrição de junho-outubro e dezembro respetivamente. Na cobrição de junho-outubro a fertilidade foi influenciada significativamente pela idade e raça (p<0,01). A taxa de gestação após sincronização de estros não foi influenciada pela raça ou a idade (p>0,05), contudo a condição corporal teve um efeito significativo, com taxas de gestação mais elevadas nas ovelhas com melhor condição corporal; Clinical and reproduction of livestock species Abstract: This report describes the activities developed during the traineeship in clinical and reproduction of livestock species. It also includes a literature review and a case study about the factors that affect fertility and the evaluation of reproductive efficiency in sheep. This study aims to determine the influence of age, breed and body condition on fertility of a dairy herd, in two periods of mating (Study 1) and estrus synchronization (Study 2). The herd fertility varied according to the period of mating (58.2% and 55.9% in mating from June to October and December respectively) The existence of very young animals had a negative impact on fertility, wherein the fertility only in adult was 71.6% and 66.7%, in the mating from June to October and December respectively. In mating from June-October, the fertility was significantly influenced by age and breed (p <0.01). The pregnancy rate after synchronization of estrus was not influenced by breed or age (p> 0.05), however the body condition had a significant effect with higher pregnancy rates in ewes with better body condition.
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Banha, Pedro Miguel Batista. "Contribuição para conhecimento do parasitismo por Fasciola hepatica no Baixo Alentejo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17755.

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No presente trabalho são descritas as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora. Na primeira parte é apresentada a descrição das atividades acompanhadas nas áreas de sanidade, profilaxia, clínica médica e clínica cirúrgica de espécies pecuárias. Na segunda parte do relatório é apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o parasitismo por Fasciola hepática em pequenos ruminantes. Por fim, foi realizado um estudo caso sobre fasciolose em pequenos ruminantes no Baixo Alentejo, que consistiu no estudo de 15 animais de cada efetivo, de um total de 17 explorações de ovinos e três de caprinos. Foram pesquisados ovos de F. hepatica, recorrendo a método coprológico qualitativo de sedimentação, não se tendo encontrado ovos de trematodes em qualquer amostra de fezes observada, ainda que em três explorações ocorreu serologia positiva. Ainda que o parasitismo possa estar presente nas explorações estudadas, atendendo à sua boa condição corporal, não será muito significativo; Abstract: Contribution to the Knowledge of Parasitism by Fasciola hepatica in Baixo Alentejo This report aims to describe the developed activities during the internship integrated on the master degree in veterinary medicine at the University of Évora. Firstly are described the observed actions in the areas of diseases control programs, medical and surgical activities in livestock. The following part of this report consists on a literature review of Fasciola hepatica, focusing of fasciolosis in small ruminants. Lastly, was conducted a case study of fasciolosis in small ruminants in the Baixo Alentejo region, in which the study of 15 animals per livestock, in a total of 17 farms of sheep and three of goats. There were searched eggs of F. hepatica, through a coprological method of sedimentation, not eggs were found in any sample of observed feces, even do three flocks were serologicaly positive. Although parasitism could be present in the given area, it dimension, given to the good body conditions of the animals, would not be very significant.
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Guerreiro, Joel Alexandre do Alívio. "Clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19590.

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O presente relatório, inerente ao estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora, tem como objetivo descrever as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio na área da clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias. A primeira parte do relatório consiste na descrição do local de estágio e na distribuição casuística das atividades acompanhadas. A segunda parte consiste numa revisão bibliográfica e no desenvolvimento de dois casos clínicos ocorridos em bovinos, relacionados com o tema, “necrobacilose hepática bovina” (NHB). A NHB é uma doença infecciosa de grande impacto económico, principalmente em explorações de bovinos de engorda intensiva. Carateriza-se pela formação de abcessos hepáticos, cujo agente etiológico primário é Fusobacterium necrophorum. É de difícil diagnóstico em vida, raramente demonstra sinais clínicos e o seu tratamento é pouco eficaz. A prevenção baseia-se na adição de antimicrobianos na alimentação, num correto maneio alimentar e eventualmente vacinação; Abstract: Medical and Surgical Pathology of livestock species The present report, inherent of the master in Veterinary Medicine from the University of Évora, aims to describe the activities carried out during the internship in the field of clinic and surgery of livestock species. The first part of the report is the description of the local of internship and the statistical distribution of activities. The second part consists of a literature review and the development of two clinical cases in cattle, related to the theme, “hepatic bovine necrobacillosis "(HBN). The HBN is an infectious disease of great economic impact, especially in feedlot cattle. It is characterized by the formation of liver abscesses, whose primary etiological agent is Fusobacterium necrophorum. It is difficult to diagnose in life, rarely show clinical signs and their treatment is ineffective. Prevention is based on the addition of antimicrobials in food, a correct feed management and eventually vaccination.
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Pinto, Henrique Bessone de Sampaio Alves. "Clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26578.

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O presente relatório pretende descrever as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio curricular inerente ao Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária na Universidade de Évora. O estágio foi dividido em duas etapas, a primeira foi realizada na Associação dos Jovens Agricultores Micaelenses – Cooperativa Juventude Agrícola, e a segunda no Hospital Veterinário Muralha de Évora. Foi realizado um estudo preliminar com o tema “Plasmoterapia em vitelos com falha na transferência de imunidade passiva na região do Alentejo”, no qual se estudou a transfusão de plasma híperimune, como adjuvante do tratamento de neonatos com falha na transferência de imunidade passiva, correlacionando a plasmoterapia com o aumento da concentração sérica de imunoglobulinas dos vitelos. Através do presente estudo concluiu-se a necessidade da posterior aplicação do presente protocolo de plasmoterapia em mais neonatos, de forma a entender melhor os benefícios da plasmoterapia em vitelos na região do Alentejo; Large Animal Clinics and Surgery Abstract: This report describes the activities developed during the internship inherent to the Master in Veterinary Medicine at the University of Évora. The internship was divided into two stages, the first was held at the “Associação dos Jovens Agricultores Micaelenses – Cooperativa Juventude Agrícola” and the second at the “Hospital Veterinário Muralha de Évora”. A preliminary study regarding the administration of hyperimmune plasma as an adjunct in the treatment of neonates with failure of passive transfer was performed. This study aimed to reduce the neonatal death in a farm, correlating the plasma therapy with the increase of serum immunoglobulin levels in calves. Through the present study, more research is required in order to better understand the benefits of plasma therapy in calves in the Alentejo region.
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Bilo, Sara Ramos. "Clínica de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22910.

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O presente relatório descreve as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, no âmbito da profilaxia e clínica de espé-cies pecuárias na província de Salamanca, Espanha. Tendo em consideração a importância da produção de suíno ibérico em Espanha, reali-zou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as doenças de maior relevância nesta espécie e, através da análise de alguns casos clínicos assistidos, verificou-se como doenças com baixa taxa de mortalidade podem provocar grandes perdas económicas ao produtor pela diminuição do ganho médio de peso. De forma a evitar estas situações é de vital impor-tância a prevenção, tanto através de profilaxia médica como da implementação de medi-das de biossegurança. Nem sempre é fácil controlar fatores predisponentes à infeção dos animais na produção em extensivo, no entanto, ao contrário do que se possa pensar, a industrialização também pode ser crítica quando não se realiza um maneio adequado; Abstract: Clinic of livestock species This report describes the activities carried out during the internship of the Integrated Mas-ter in Veterinary Medicine, in the field of prophylaxis and clinical management of live-stock species in the province of Salamanca, Spain. Taking into account the importance of Iberian pig production in Spain, a literature review was carried out on the most relevant diseases in this species and, through the analysis of some assisted clinical cases, it was verified that diseases with low mortality rate can cause losses to the producer due to the decrease in the average weight gain. In order to avoid these situations, prevention is vital, both through medical prophylaxis and the implemen-tation of biosafety measures. It is not always easy to control predisposing factors to the infection of animals in extensive production; however, contrary to what one might think, industrialization can also be critical when adequate management is not performed.
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Books on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

1

Al-Najim, Mujeeb N. Changes in the species composition of pastoral herds in Bay Region, Somalia. London: Overseas Development Institute, 1991.

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Brevini, Tiziana A. L., ed. Stem Cells in Animal Species: From Pre-clinic to Biodiversity. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03572-7.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Las Vegas District. Biological evaluation for managing livestock grazing in desert tortoise habitat. Las Vegas, Nev: Bureau of Land Management, Las Vegas District, 1991.

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Horning, John. Grazing to extinction: Endangered, threatened and candidate species imperiled by livestock grazing on western public lands. Washington, D.C: National Wildlife Federation, 1994.

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Rees, Elaine. Threatened, endangered & sensitive species affected by livestock production: A preliminary survey of data available in the western states. Portland, Or: Audubon Society of Portland, 1993.

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Rueda, L. M. Guide to common species of pupal parasites, Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae of the house fly and other muscoid flies associated with poultry and livestock manure. Raleigh, N.C., USA: North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, 1985.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture. Subcommittee on Livestock and Horticulture. Invasive species: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Livestock and Horticulture of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, January 31, 2000, Lake Alfred, FL. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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A, Lauria, Gandolfi F, and International Symposium on Embryonic Technology in Domestic Species (1992 : Milan, Italy), eds. Embryonic development and manipulation in animal production: Trends in research and applications : proceedings of the 1st Congress of the Italian Society of Embryo Transfer and the International Symposium on Embyonic Technology in Domestic Species, Milan. London: Portland Press, 1992.

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T, Zavy Michael, and Geisert Rodney D, eds. Embryonic mortality in domestic species. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1994.

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Stem Cells in Animal Species: From Pre-clinic to Biodiversity. Humana, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

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Epping, Lennard, Esther-Maria Antão, and Torsten Semmler. "Population Biology and Comparative Genomics of Campylobacter Species." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 59–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65481-8_3.

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AbstractThe zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is the leading cause for bacterial foodborne infections in humans. Campylobacters are most commonly transmitted via the consumption of undercooked poultry meat or raw milk products. The decreasing costs of whole genome sequencing enabled large genome-based analyses of the evolution and population structure of this pathogen, as well as the development of novel high-throughput molecular typing methods. Here, we review the evolutionary development and the population diversity of the two most clinically relevant Campylobacter species; C. jejuni and C. coli. The state-of-the-art phylogenetic studies showed clustering of C. jejuni lineages into host specialists and generalists with coexisting lifestyles in chicken and livestock-associated hosts, as well as the separation of C. coli isolates of riparian origin (waterfowl, water) from C. coli isolated from clinical and farm-related samples. We will give an overview of recombination between both species and the potential impact of horizontal gene transfer on host adaptation in Campylobacter. Additionally, this review briefly places the current knowledge of the population structure of other Campylobacter species such as C. lari, C. concisus and C. upsaliensis into perspective. We also provide an overview of how molecular typing methods such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole genome MLST have been used to detect and trace Campylobacter outbreaks along the food chain.
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Sankey, Temuulen Tsagaan. "Woody–Herbaceous–Livestock Species Interaction." In Ecotones Between Forest and Grassland, 89–114. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3797-0_4.

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Foster, Aiden P. "Allergic Diseases of Livestock Species." In Veterinary Allergy, 411–21. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118738818.ch59.

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Dubey, P. K., S. Dubey, Suresh Kumar Gahlawat, R. S. Kataria, and R. S. Kataria. "Toll-like Receptors in Livestock Species." In Advances in Animal Disease Diagnosis, 49–60. First edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003080282-5.

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French, Nigel P. "Impacts of Non-native Species on Livestock." In Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, 139–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_9.

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Golik, Wiktoria, Olivier Dameron, Jérôme Bugeon, Alice Fatet, Isabelle Hue, Catherine Hurtaud, Matthieu Reichstadt, et al. "ATOL: The Multi-species Livestock Trait Ontology." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 289–300. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35233-1_28.

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Luque-Sastre, Laura, Cristina Arroyo, Edward M. Fox, Barry J. McMahon, Li Bai, Fengqin Li, and Séamus Fanning. "Antimicrobial Resistance in Listeria Species." In Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 237–59. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch11.

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Kata, Cheryl Irzyk, Samantha Rowland, and Mary Ellen Goldberg. "Pain Recognition in Companion Species, Horses, and Livestock." In Pain Management for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, 15–29. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119421436.ch3.

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Bösze, Zsuzsanna, and László Hiripi. "Recombinant Protein Expression in Milk of Livestock Species." In Recombinant Gene Expression, 629–41. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-433-9_34.

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Saizen, Izuru. "Change in Livestock Species and Their Spatial Distribution." In The Mongolian Ecosystem Network, 215–32. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54052-6_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

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Johnson, Greg A., Robert C. Burghardt, Thomas E. Spencer, and Fuller W. Bazer. "OSTEOPONTIN AND IMPLANTATION/PLACENTATION IN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK SPECIES." In 3rd International Conference on Osteopontin and SIBLING (Small Integrin-Binding Ligand, N-linked Glycoprotein) Proteins, 2002. TheScientificWorld Ltd, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.241.

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Trent Strahm, Daniel Frohberg, James P. Murphy, and Joseph P. Harner. "Utilization of Multi-Species Livestock Manure for Composting." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.9178.

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Hutasoit, Rijanto, Simon P. Ginting, and Andi Tarigan. "Effect of Cutting Interval on Yield, Nutrient Composition and Digestibility Several Species of Mulberry." In Proceedings of International Seminar on Livestock Production and Veterinary Technology. Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2016-p.476-485.

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APLOCINA, Elita, Aivars ABOLTINS, and Juris PRIEKULIS. "MANURE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND NITROGEN EMISSIONS IN LATVIA." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.047.

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The information for the present overview on manure management in different countries was primarily gathered through a survey using Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory reports. In Latvia, N2O emissions from manure management account for only 5 % of total N2O emissions. Dividing the N2O emissions by all livestock species, 75.9 % are produced by cattle, 12.67 % – by poultry, and 4.96 % – by pigs. In GHG Inventory reports, there are great differences in manure output calculations for all livestock species in different countries (V, % ≥ 20), because all livestock is included in the same group, without separating them according to age or size. Majority of the countries have adopted a significantly higher amount of excreted N with manure from dairy cows as compared to the norms set in Latvia. Especially large differences among the countries can be observed in the groups of fattening pigs and weaned piglets; therefore, additional clarifications are needed for Latvian regulations, as the normative data currently adopted in Latvia is outside the 95 % of the value range.
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Carmo, L. P., G. Schüpbach, C. Müntener, L. Alban, L. R. Nielsen, and I. Magouras. "Quantification of antimicrobial use in Swiss pigs: comparison with other Swiss livestock species and with Danish pigs." In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-259.

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Jua´rez, Jaime J., Victor R. Contreras, Gaston R. Haupert, Steven Hill, and Daren E. Daugaard. "Fast Pyrolysis of Distillated Ashe Juniper Biomass." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88022.

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Ashe Juniper is one of three major species of juniper native to Texas. Communities of Ashe Juniper occupy over 8 million acres of Texas rangelands and are responsible for herbage reduction, which adversely impacts the livestock carrying capacity. Ashe Juniper wood contains aromatic liquids called essential oils, which are economically beneficial for the personal care products industry. In order to exploit this benefit Texarome, Inc. of Leaky, Texas uses a large-scale steam distillation process to extract aromatic liquids from Ashe Juniper. This process results in a large quantity of Ashe Juniper woodchip waste for which there is few uses. A moderate temperature process known as fast pyrolysis was used to convert steam-distillated Ashe Juniper into a liquid known as bio-oil. An average liquid yield of 40.8% is reported for steam-distillated Ashe Juniper biomass and an average liquid yield of 47.3% is reported Ashe Juniper biomass that has not undergone the steam distillation process. This work demonstrates that the energy content of steam distillated Ashe Juniper can be extracted and the conversion to bio-oil is another potential use for Ashe Juniper woodchip waste. An economic model of Ashe Juniper biomass developed previously by Jua´rez and Daugaard was used to examine the economic impact of steam-distilled Ashe Juniper by simulating a 4,046-hectare (10,000 acre) Ashe Juniper energy plantation. It was found that bio-oil could be produced for as little as $5.20/GJ on a lower heating value basis if re-investment of profits made from the sale of essential oils extracted during the steam distillation process was assumed. Bio-oil from un-distillated Ashe Juniper could be produced for $13.21/GJ.
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Dygert, Joseph P., Melissa L. Morris, Erik M. Messick, and Patrick H. Browning. "Feasibility of an Energy Efficient Large-Scale Aquaponic Food Production and Distribution Facility." In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6567.

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Today the United States is plagued by societal issues, economic insecurity, and increasing health problems. Societal issues include lack of community inclusion, pollution, and access to healthy foods. The high unemployment coupled with the rising cost of crude oil derivatives, and the growing general gap between cost of living and minimum wage levels contribute to a crippled consumer-driven US economy. Health concerns include increasing levels of obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. These epidemics lead to staggering economic burdens costing Americans hundreds of billions of dollars each year. It is well-known that many of the health issues impacting Americans can be directly linked to the production, availability, and quality of the food. Factors contributing to the availability of food include reduction of United States farmland, an increase in food imported from overseas, and the cost of goods to the consumer. The quality of food is influenced by the method of growth as well as imposed preservation techniques to support food transportation and distribution. At the same time, it has become increasingly common to implement biotechnology in genetically modified crops for direct human food or indirectly as a livestock feed for animals consumed by humans. Crops are also routinely dosed with pesticides and hormones in an attempt to increase productivity and revenue, with little consideration or understanding of the long term health effects. Research shows that community gardens positively impact local employment, community involvement and inclusivity, and the diets of not only those involved in food production, but all members of their households. The purpose of this work is to determine the feasibility of an energy efficient large-scale aquaponic food production and distribution facility which could directly mitigate growing socioeconomic concerns in the US through applied best practices in sustainability. Aquaponics is a symbiotic relationship between aquaculture and hydroponics, where fish and plants grow harmoniously. The energy efficient facility would be located in an urban area, and employ solar panels, natural lighting, rain water reclamation, and a floor plan optimized for maximum food yield and energy efficiency. Examples of potential crops include multiple species of berries, corn, leafy vegetables, tomatoes, peppers, squash, and carrots. Potential livestock include responsibly farmed tilapia, shrimp, crayfish, and oysters. The large scale aquaponic facility shows a lengthy period for financial return on investment whether traditional style construction of the building or a green construction style is used. However many forms of federal government aid and outside assistance exist for green construction to help drive down the risk in the higher initial investment which in the long run could end up being more profitable than going with a traditionally constructed building. Outside of financial return there are many proven, positive impacts that a large-scale aquaponic facility would have. Among these are greater social involvement and inclusivity, job creation, increased availability of fresh food, and strengthening of America’s agriculture infrastructure leading to increased American independence.
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Reports on the topic "Clinic of livestock species"

1

Isbell, Forest I., and Brian J. Wilsey. Increasing Native Plant Species Richness can Increase Ecosystem Multifunctionality under Intense Livestock Grazing. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1266.

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Bylgaeva, A. A. SPECIES DIVERSYTI OF MICROMYCETES IN PHYTOGENESIS FEED FOR LIVESTOCK IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL YAKUTIA. ООО "Агентство творческих технологий", 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-9906389-2016-79-83-88.

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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6818230.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6876399.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson, and Albert Rango Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947060.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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6

Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947062.ch.

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Abstract:
Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites and their associated state–and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level, based on ecological sites and state-and-transition models that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for the selection of management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6965584.ch.

Full text
Abstract:
Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Dolbeer, Richard A., and George M. Llnz. Blackbirds. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207732.ws.

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The term blackbird loosely refers to a diverse group of about 10 species of North American birds that belong to the avian family Icteridae. The most common species include: Red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus, Common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), Great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus), Brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), Yellow-headed blackbird (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus), Brewer’s blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus), and Rusty blackbird (Euphagus carolinus). They can cause damage to crops and fruits. Some of them may cause damage to livestock feed in feedlots and some of them may be a cause for concern in the future, due to the potential for disease transmission, with their expanding range. There is potential to amplify and spread disease to humans such as avian influenza although there is no evidence that this happened. Blackbirds are native migratory birds, and thus come under the jurisdiction of the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), a formal treaty with Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Russia. Blackbirds have federal protection in the U.S.
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Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. White-tailed deer monitoring at Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas: 2005–2020 trend report. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285087.

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From 16 years (2005–2020) of monitoring trends in white-tailed deer within a defined survey area of Arkansas Post National Memorial, we have been able to demonstrate both population declines and recoveries. The adjusted count of deer had a seven-fold increase between 2007 and 2011 following a two-year decline and a three-fold increase between 2017 and 2019 following a six-year decline. Overall, the deer population has declined slightly, averaging a 0.5% reduction in herd size annually. The number of deer in the survey area ranged from 16.77 ± 21.26 (mean + 95% CI) individuals/km2 in 2007 to 118.95 ± 39.03 individuals/km2 in 2011. The amount of visible area surveyed each year varied between 0.25 and 0.47 km2 (coefficient of variation = 16.47%). If the white-tailed deer population becomes too large, this poses several problems for Arkansas Post National Memorial. First, it adds a level of complexity to implementing active natural resource management critical to preventing the cultural landscapes of Arkansas Post National Memorial from changing into something that has little resemblance to the historical character of the park. Deer deferentially browse native vegetation over exotic vegetation, thus promoting the spread of exotic species, and the success of tree planting can be curtailed by heavy deer browsing. Second, controlling deer related disease, some of which can affect domestic livestock and human health in and around the park, becomes increasingly difficult when there are more deer. Third, as additional ancillary data suggests, the largely unreported and costly deer-vehicle collisions in and around Arkansas Post National Memorial have the potential to increase if the deer populations grow.
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2011. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7207240.aphis.

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The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is the research arm of Wildlife Services, a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). The mission of the NWRC is to apply scientific expertise to resolve human-wildlife conflicts while maintaining the quality of the environment shared with wildlife. NWRC develops methods and information to address human-wildlife conflicts related to: agriculture (crops, livestock, aquaculture, and timber), human health and safety (wildlife disease, aviation), property damage, invasive species, and threatened and endangered species. There four spotlights for 2011 show the depth and breadth of NWRC’s research expertise and its holistic approach to address today’s wildlife-related challenges.
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