Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Clinical psychological attention in institution'

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This research had the proposal of understand the therapeutical potential of a clinical modality of psychological attention, called psychological emergency attendance, as being implanted by the researcher in the context of a Judiciary Assistance Service. It is based upon the humanist psychology proposal, specifically on Person Centered Approach (PCA), developed by the American psychologist Carl Rogers. It is fit in the qualitative research modality, characterizing itself as research intervention. The researcher remained attending emergencies in the Service during two days, every week, for nine months. The subjects that participated indirectly on the study were those who had requested the psychological emergency attendance and agreed to participate on the research. The adopted method was the phenomenological, and the inter-subjective experience of the researcher lived during the attendance, was the analysis object. Thus, narratives had been written that had brought to light significant elements of the lived experience in the attendance. It had evidenced that the presence of a psychologist in the context of the Judiciary Assistance Service contributed so that the institution could offer a psychological listening differentiated to persons and their demands. The customers had appropriated of the psychological attendance space their own way, which made possible to attribute new meanings to the juridical complaints. Therefore, it was possible to offer privileged space to the psychological suffering so that it could also be expressed and received in that context, working as a facilitative instrument of the self growing tendency. The psychological attendance did not occur only in the formal attendance with the customers, but also on contact with employees and trainees who spontaneously looked for psychological help. Thus, it was possible to know the practical meaning of the psychological emergency attendance in this context, its limits and potentialities and legitimize it as clinical psychological attention modality suited with the clientele and the Service.
Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender a potencialidade terap?utica de uma modalidade de aten??o psicol?gica cl?nica, denominada plant?o psicol?gico, ao ser implantada pela pesquisadora no contexto de um Servi?o de Assist?ncia Judici?ria. Fundamenta-se nos pressupostos da psicologia humanista, especificamente na Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa (ACP), desenvolvida pelo psic?logo norte-americano Carl Rogers. Enquadra-se na modalidade de pesquisa qualitativa, caracterizando-se como pesquisa interven??o. A pesquisadora permaneceu de plant?o no Servi?o durante dois dias, semanalmente, por um per?odo de nove meses. Participaram do estudo indiretamente todas as pessoas que procuraram pelo atendimento no plant?o psicol?gico e concordaram em participar da pesquisa. O m?todo adotado foi o fenomenol?gico, sendo a experi?ncia intersubjetiva da pesquisadora, vivida durante os atendimentos, o objeto de an?lise. Assim, foram redigidas narrativas que trouxeram ? luz elementos significativos da experi?ncia vivida nos atendimentos. Constatou-se que a presen?a de uma plantonista no contexto do Servi?o de Assist?ncia Judici?ria contribuiu para que a institui??o pudesse oferecer uma escuta psicol?gica diferenciada ?s pessoas e suas demandas. Os clientes apropriaram-se do espa?o de atendimento psicol?gico a sua pr?pria maneira, o que lhes permitiu atribuir ?s queixas de natureza jur?dica novos significados. Portanto, foi poss?vel disponibilizar um espa?o privilegiado para que o sofrimento psicol?gico tamb?m pudesse ser expresso e acolhido naquele contexto, funcionando como instrumento potencializador da tend?ncia atualizante. O plant?o psicol?gico n?o ocorreu apenas durante os atendimentos formais aos clientes, mas tamb?m na conviv?ncia com funcion?rios e estagi?rios que buscaram espontaneamente ajuda psicol?gica. Sendo assim, foi poss?vel conhecer o sentido da pr?tica do plant?o psicol?gico neste contexto, seus limites e potencialidades, e legitim?-la como uma modalidade de aten??o psicol?gica cl?nica condizente com a clientela e o Servi?o.

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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas
This research aims to understand and interpret, phenomenologicaly, the therapeutic potencial of psychological on duty services provided by the researcher in a Long Term Elderly Institution located in the interior of the state of S?o Paulo. During eight months, once a week, the researcher remained at the Institution and sessions occured according to the spontaneous demand of those residing there. The theoretical reference was Person Centered Approach developed by north american psychologist Carl Rogers. After each session a narrative was built, containing the most significant elements of the clients' experience as apprehended by the researcher during the clinical event. Based on these individual narratives a synthetic narrative was built developing an interpretation of the meaning of the psychological service when offered to institutionalized elderly people. The results of this study indicate that making available a clinical psychological intervention of this kind - on duty service- in an elderly institution such as this one gave the elderly a unique opportunity of attention, characterized by an attitude of empathy and unconditional positive regard. The basic elements experienced by the clients were: a) they felt welcomed, respected and understood in their complaints and personal yearnings; b) they were able to regain the individuality they had lost in the process of institutionalization; c) they came in contact with their psychological necessities, beyond their physical needs; d) they had a sense of ligitimacy, of being capable of exercising more motivating activities that than those prescribed in their daily routine; e) they also imprinted new meaning to the process of aging, including the importance of sharing feelings and engaging in new projects. This research points to more wholesome alternatives to the care of elderly, who are at the brink of a future where they will be a significant portion of the population; in this way signalizing important challenges to be assumed by psychologists, both researchers and professionals.
Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender e interpretar fenomenologicamente a potencialidade terap?utica de atendimentos de plant?o psicol?gico, disponibilizados pela pesquisadora em uma institui??o de longa perman?ncia para idosos, localizada no interior do estado de S?o Paulo. A pesquisadora permaneceu na institui??o uma vez por semana, durante oito meses e os atendimentos ocorreram a partir da demanda espont?nea das pessoas que l? residiam. Dez dois dezoito idosos institucionalizados foram atendidos em sess?es individuais e tr?s em sess?es grupais. O plant?o tamb?m ocorreu durante o desenvolvimento de atividades rotineiras da institui??o. O referencial te?rico adotado foi a Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, desenvolvida pelo psic?logo norte-americano Carl Rogers. Ap?s cada atendimento foi constru?da uma narrativa contendo os elementos mais significativos da experi?ncia dos clientes da forma como a pesquisadora os apreendeu no acontecer cl?nico. A partir destas narrativas individuais foi constru?da uma narrativa s?ntese contendo uma interpreta??o sobre o sentido do plant?o psicol?gico quando oferecido a idosos institucionalizados. Concluiu-se que disponibilizar uma interven??o psicol?gica cl?nica como o plant?o em uma institui??o desta natureza possibilitou aos idosos um espa?o diferenciado de aten??o, caracterizado por atitudes de empatia e considera??o positiva incondicional. Os principais elementos da experi?ncia vivida pelos clientes podem ser assim resumidos: a) sentiram-se acolhidos, respeitados e compreendidos em rela??o a queixas e anseios pessoais; b) puderam resgatar a individualidade perdida no processo de institucionaliza??o; c) entraram em contato com suas necessidades psicol?gicas para al?m das limita??es f?sicas; d) sentiram-se legitimados como pessoas capazes de exercer atividades mais motivadoras do que aquelas previstas na rotina di?ria; e) imprimiram novos significados ao processo de envelhecimento, inclusive a import?ncia de compartilhar sentimentos e empreender novos projetos. Esta pesquisa aponta alternativas para o cuidado integral ?s pessoas idosas no limiar de um futuro no qual ser?o parcela significativa da popula??o. Neste sentido, sinaliza desafios importantes a serem assumidos pelos profissionais e pesquisadores da ?rea de psicologia.

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This intervention research aimed to comprehend the experience of a Painting Workshop, which is a psychological approach implemented in PUC Campinas Psychology Clinic during three months in the year of 2007. The theoretical referential is Edmund Husserl s Phenomenology, and the Humanist-existential Psychology. In a room of the Psychology Clinic fourteen workshop meetings were organized, with duration of two hours each. They were conducted by the researcher as a facilitator adopting Roger s proposition of three attitudes: empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruency. After each workshop, the researcher elaborated narratives about the recently experienced meeting, using Benjamin s definition of narrative (1936/1994), and Husserl s definition of consciousness (1935/1996) as a base. It was the intention of the researcher to capture the movement of consciousness in the meaning creation that configure the experience. Based on the elaborated narratives, the intention was to expose the elements experienced by the researcher, who understands that the emerging meanings were configured in the intersubjective net of the meetings. Through the experience of the Painting Workshop and based on the principle that the human being has whether autonomy and the resources for self-comprehension and change, it was verified that participants of the Painting Workshop directed themselves to psychological integration by sharing their experiences in a kind and supportive environment. According to the perspective of setting differentiated psychological attention, the Painting Workshop makes us think carefully about the benefits and viability of the implementation of new models of clinical intervention in public health institutions that are able to pririze clients autonomy and psychological growth.
Esta pesquisa-interven??o objetivou compreender a experi?ncia vivida em uma Oficina de Pintura ; modalidade de aten??o psicol?gica implementada no servi?o de psicologia da PUC-Campinas ; durante tr?s meses no ano de 2007. Os referenciais te?ricos adotados foram a Fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl e a Psicologia Existencial-Humanista. Foram realizados catorze encontros de oficina ; com dura??o de duas horas ; em uma sala do servi?o de psicologia. A pesquisadora conduziu os encontros como facilitadora ; adotando as atitudes preconizadas por Rogers(1961/1999) de empatia ; aceita??o positiva incondicional e congru?ncia. Ap?s cada encontro ; a pesquisadora elaborou narrativas sobre a experi?ncia vivida ; baseando-se tanto na concep??o de narra??o de Benjamin(1936/1994) como na concep??o de consci?ncia de Husserl(1935/1996) ; buscando capturar o movimento da consci?ncia na cria??o de significados que configuram a experi?ncia. A partir das narrativas constru?das pela pesquisadora ; buscouse explicitar os elementos vividos ; entendendo que os significados que emergiram formaram-se na teia intersubjetiva dos encontros. Atrav?s da experi?ncia vivida na Oficina de Pintura e partindo do princ?pio de que o homem ? dotado de autonomia e possui dentro de si recursos para a auto-compreens?o e mudan?a ; verificamos que as participantes da Oficina de Pintura caminharam no sentido da integra??o psicol?gica ; compartilhando suas experi?ncias ; num clima acolhedor e de apoio m?tuo. Assim ; numa perspectiva de enquadres diferenciados de aten??o psicol?gica ; a Oficina de Pintura leva a refletir sobre os benef?cios e a viabilidade de implementar novos modelos de interven??o cl?nica em institui??es de sa?de p?blica que privilegiem a autonomia e o crescimento psicol?gico dos clientes.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho
This research aimed to understand and interpret the experience of undergraduate students concerning psychological care that took place within the campus. This is a qualitative research based on phenomenology. There were thirteen participants - five men and eight women -, aging from 18 to 25 years old, coming from different academic courses. They received during the year of 2009, at least one of the following psychological treatments: time-limited psychotherapy and group therapy. The experience of the participants was gathered during individual interviews of dialogical nature. As a strategy for the analysis of the interviews, narratives were constructed by the researcher on the encounters in order to enable the emergence of the participants experienced meanings, based on the way she was affected in a phenomenological process. The results showed the possibilities and limits of psychological attention, when made available to students in the academic context: a) participants sought psychological help spontaneously, due to different kinds of problems, and found themselves experiencing self disclosure and the possibility of sharing their issues with different persons. This allowed them to discover new significance towards academic experiences. b) they perceived the onset of a moving personal process; c) they felt they were living a challenge in relation to a short time treatment experience, because for them there was not time enough for the psychological process to be accomplished, arising feelings of insecurity in relation to changes permanence; d) to them, the importance of psychological care was more related to the discovery of a new way of being and of developing relationships than to the scope or to the deepening of certain issues. That students' experience showed, convincingly, that the psychological attention available at the university has potentialized genuine impacts that produced an internal mobilization process, that brought about a greater personal autonomy
Esta pesquisa buscou compreender e interpretar a experi?ncia de universit?rios em rela??o ao atendimento psicol?gico recebido no contexto da universidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de inspira??o fenomenol?gica. Dos treze participantes, cinco s?o homens e oito mulheres, com idades variando entre 18 e 25 anos, provenientes de cursos das v?rias ?reas do conhecimento e que receberam, durante o ano de 2009, pelo menos um dos seguintes tipos de atendimento psicol?gico: psicoterapia de tempo determinado e grupo terap?utico. A experi?ncia dos participantes foi apreendida pela pesquisadora durante entrevistas individuais de natureza dial?gica. Como estrat?gia para a an?lise das entrevistas, foram constru?das narrativas sobre os encontros que possibilitaram a emerg?ncia dos significados da experi?ncia vivida pelos participantes com base nas impress?es da pesquisadora, num movimento fenomenol?gico de constru??o de sentido. Os resultados evidenciaram possibilidades e limites da aten??o psicol?gica, quando disponibilizada a estudantes no contexto universit?rio: a) os participantes buscaram atendimento psicol?gico espontaneamente, em raz?o de diversos tipos de problemas, e vivenciaram a possibilidade de um encontro consigo mesmos e com outras pessoas que lhes permitiu desvelar novos significados em rela??o ?s experi?ncias universit?rias; b) perceberam o desencadeamento de um processo pessoal mobilizador; c) sentiram-se vivendo um desafio em rela??o a experi?ncia de um atendimento de curta dura??o, pois para eles n?o houve tempo suficiente para que o processo psicol?gico iniciado fosse finalizado, suscitando sentimentos de inseguran?a quanto ? perman?ncia das mudan?as; d) para os participantes, a import?ncia da aten??o psicol?gica relacionou-se mais ? descoberta de um novo modo de ser e de relacionar-se do que ? abrang?ncia ou o aprofundamento de determinadas quest?es. A experi?ncia dos estudantes evidenciou, de maneira contundente, que a aten??o psicol?gica disponibilizada na universidade potencializou encontros genu?nos desencadeadores de um processo de mobiliza??o interna no sentido de maior autonomia pessoal.

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The research aimed to understand psychologically mother s and couples experiences in a process of Genetic Counseling (CG) on the Perinatal Genetic Ambulatory of CAISM/ UNICAMP after the birth of a child with Neural Tube Defect compatible or not with surviving with the purpose of planning specific actions regarding the attention to mental health in that context. Ten participants were selected among the population of mothers and couples attended during the period from March, 2003 to February, 2004, based on the richness and how representative were the psychological experiences reported. The research descriptive and with an exploratory feature was developed based on the phenomenological method. It began with the researcher s insertion on the studied context as a trainee. Observations were made during the GC consultations and, in a posterior moment, interviews with the participants were conducted, stimulated by some starting questions, in two moments: immediately after the GC and about six months later. The reports, transformed in Narratives, brought elements of the parents psychological experiences both in regard to the malformed children s death and surviving, as well as meaningful interpersonal relationships with relatives, friends and medical staff. The malformation diagnosis, the decisions derived by it and the contact with the baby dead or alive was a painful experience to mothers and couples. The emphasis, however, was given to the mothers experiences because of the considerable personal transformation caused by the existence of a malformed child. All the women participants in the research experienced motherhood even those whose babies didn t survive or the ones who proceeded with early pregnancy interruption given to their babies the status of sons. The surviving of the malformed child altered essentially mother s lives and their plans about the future because demanded intensive care and dedication, many times in detriment of their own needs. In this way, although reporting certain surpass about the initial suffering, they started to live in accord to the child s progresses. Differently, but without less suffering, the mothers whose babies passed way seemed to be able to surpass part of the suffering, dealing with the emptiness derived from the suspension of the exercise of their mother capacity trough the retake of ordinary activities and plans for the future, as they recovered psychologically. Even having the parents limitations for the comprehension of the orientations they received at the GC, it was experienced positively, both in regard to the contact they had with the staff and by the fact it had become an opportunity for relieving guilt, demystification of fantasies about the origins of the pathology and better comprehension of the problem. The possibility of the researcher s insertion on the service added to the study an ethnographic feature that leaded to a wider psychological comprehension about the studied question, making possible the reflection regarding the proper institutional psychological attention to the context and phenomena on focus, generating some strategies of intervention.
A pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender psicologicamente viv?ncias de m?es e casais em processo de Aconselhamento Gen?tico (AG) no Ambulat?rio de Gen?tica Perinatal do CAISM/UNICAMP, ap?s o nascimento de um filho portador de defeito de fechamento do tubo neural - compat?vel ou n?o com a sobrevida - visando ao planejamento de a??es espec?ficas voltadas a aten??o ? sa?de mental nesse contexto. Dez participantes, atendidos naquele contexto no per?odo de mar?o/2003 a fevereiro/2004, foram selecionados tendo como crit?rios a riqueza e a representatividade das viv?ncias psicol?gicas relatadas. O estudo descritivo e de car?ter explorat?rio desenvolveu-se com base no m?todo fenomenol?gico. Iniciou-se com a inser??o da pesquisadora no ambulat?rio, na condi??o de estagi?ria. Foram realizadas observa??es durante as consultas de AG e, posteriormente, entrevistas semi-dirigidas com os participantes, estimuladas por quest?es disparadoras, em dois momentos: imediatamente ap?s o AG e cerca de seis meses depois. Os relatos, transformados em narrativas trouxeram elementos das viv?ncias psicol?gicas dos pais, tanto em rela??o ? morte quanto ? sobrevida do filho malformado, bem como de rela??es interpessoais significativas com familiares, amigos e com as equipes m?dicas. O diagn?stico da malforma??o, as decis?es dela decorrentes e o contato com o filho vivo ou morto - constitu?ram intensas viv?ncias psicol?gicas para m?es e casais. A ?nfase, por?m, foi dada ?s viv?ncias das m?es pela consider?vel transforma??o existencial em fun??o do nascimento de um filho malformado.Todas as participantes do estudo vivenciaram a maternidade, mesmo aquelas cujos filhos n?o sobreviveram ou que procederam ? interrup??o gestacional em etapa precoce do desenvolvimento fetal, e atribu?ram aos beb?s o status de filhos. A sobreviv?ncia do filho malformado, por sua vez, alterou essencialmente a vida das m?es e seus planos para o futuro, demandando delas intensos cuidados e dedica??o, muitas vezes em detrimento de suas pr?prias necessidades. Assim, embora relatassem certa supera??o em rela??o ao sofrimento inicial, passaram a viver de acordo com os progressos do filho. Diferentemente, embora n?o com menos sofrimento, as m?es cujos filhos faleceram parecem ter sido tamb?m capazes de superar parte do sofrimento ao longo do tempo, lidando com o vazio decorrente da suspens?o do exerc?cio da capacidade materna pela retomada de atividades rotineiras e de planos quanto ao futuro. Ainda que tenham existido limita??es por parte dos pais para a compreens?o das orienta??es recebidas no AG, este foi vivenciado positivamente, tanto em rela??o ao contato que tiveram com a equipe quanto ao fato de ele ter-se constitu?do numa oportunidade para al?vio da culpa, desmistifica??o de fantasias quanto ? origem da patologia e melhor compreens?o do problema. A possibilidade de inser??o da pesquisadora no servi?o acrescentou ao estudo car?ter etnogr?fico consideravelmente enriquecedor, levando a uma compreens?o psicol?gica mais abrangente da complexidade da quest?o estudada e possibilitando a reflex?o acerca da aten??o psicol?gica de car?ter institucional adequada ao contexto e ao fen?meno em foco, gerando algumas estrat?gias de interven??o.

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This research aimed to comprehend the experience of a team composed by college students towards the task of elaborating an academic project during one year and it is characterized as an exploratory qualitative study. Humanistic Psychology offered the theoretical reference more specifically through the Philosophy of the Implicit developed by Eugene T. Gendlin. During one year, the researcher participated on thirteen team meetings. Team members, as well as the researcher, wrote individual Meaning Versions at the end of every reunion in order to grasp their impressions about each stage of the process. Those reports were organized in a chart made of ninety-one Meaning Versions and the resulting psychological comprehension. The researcher narrated the group process from his own experience as a participant generating a report about the intersubjective intricacy. The method used by the researcher to make explicit the elements of his own subjectivity all the way through the process of interpretating the experience was Thinking at the Edge TAE, developed by Gendlin. This resource also made possible to illustrate how, from a psychological point of view, the creation of an experience meaning happens. It is understood that the process of this task centered team made possible the emergence of a group that shared a common meaning. Two types of leadership emerged during the process: one task centered and the other type focused on the development of a group meaning. Three different levels were identified regarding the manner how the six members organized themselves and contributed towards the task development. The research made it possible to comprehend the group as a collective organism endowed with its own identity. From this perspective, it was possible to understand some particularities of group dynamics as well the potential repercussion of this study for applications in various fields, especially professional environments.
Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender a experi?ncia de uma equipe formada por estudantes universit?rios em rela??o ? tarefa de elaborar um projeto acad?mico, ao longo de um ano letivo. O referencial te?rico foi a Psicologia Humanista, mais especificamente a Filosofia do Impl?cito, desenvolvida por Eugene T. Gendlin. Caracteriza-se como um estudo qualitativo de car?ter explorat?rio. Durante um ano o pesquisador participou de treze reuni?es realizadas pela equipe. O pesquisador e os membros da equipe redigiram vers?es de sentido individuais, ao t?rmino das reuni?es, para apreender as impress?es dos participantes a respeito de cada etapa do processo. Esses relatos foram organizados em um quadro geral contendo noventa e uma vers?es de sentido e a compreens?o psicol?gica decorrente. O pesquisador narrou o processo grupal a partir de sua pr?pria experi?ncia como participante da equipe, gerando um relato acerca da trama intersubjetiva. O m?todo adotado pelo pesquisador para explicitar os elementos de sua pr?pria subjetividade ao longo do processo de interpreta??o da experi?ncia vivida foi o Thinking at the Edge TAE, desenvolvido por Gendlin. Esse recurso tamb?m possibilitou ilustrar como acontece a elabora??o do significado de uma experi?ncia do ponto de vista psicol?gico. Concluiu-se que o processo desta equipe, centrada na tarefa, possibilitou a emerg?ncia de um grupo que partilhou um sentido comum. Desenvolveram-se duas formas de lideran?a ao longo deste processo, uma centrada na tarefa e outra centrada no desenvolvimento de um significado grupal. Foram identificadas tr?s camadas distintas na forma como os seis membros da equipe organizaram-se e contribu?ram para o desenvolvimento da tarefa. A pesquisa possibilitou uma compreens?o da equipe como um organismo coletivo, dotado de identidade pr?pria. A partir desta perspectiva, foi poss?vel compreender algumas peculiaridades da din?mica grupal e as poss?veis repercuss?es deste estudo para aplica??es em campos variados, com destaque para os ambientes profissionais.

The current study examined the efficacy of various neuropsychological measures for differentiating ADHD and comorbid ADHD from malingered ADHD in a large state university sample. The sample consisted of 23 nonclinical individuals assigned to malinger ADHD (NLM), 9 nonclinical individuals responding honestly (NLH), 22 individuals with diagnoses of ADHD only (ADHD-H), 9 individuals with comorbid ADHD/Learning Disorder presentations (ADHD-LD), and 13 individuals with comorbid ADHD/Anxiety presentations (ADHD-ANX). Due to limited sample sizes, the ADHD-LD and ADHD-ANX participants were pooled to create a comorbid ADHD group (ADHD-CO n = 22). The study utilized a simulation design with a NLM group instructed to feign ADHD while the other groups responded under standard instructions. The TOMM, LMT, NV-MSVT, and CTIP variables performed well, but the DMT did not. The WAIS-IV and WJ-III variables did not adequately differentiate malingered and comorbid ADHD.

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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas
This research aims to apprehend the experience being lived by three psychologists at graduation level, in becoming clinical psychologists, during the last month of a one year Improvement Professional Program, held at a University Psychology Service, with a focus on a clinical psychological practice named Psychological On Duty Attention. It is a differentiated clinical approach developed at institutions as an alternative to traditional psychotherapies. The theoretical fundaments to this study insert into Humanistic Psychology, more precisely into the Person Centered Approach, developed by the North American psychologist Carl R. Rogers in the 50 s of 20 th Century. It is a qualitative research developed in a phenomenology perspective. Two meetings of dialogical nature had been carried through, with duration of approximately ninety minutes, with the three participants in group. The following phenomenological analysis of the meeting evolved, from an understanding concerning of the specificity of each meeting to a broader understanding of the meanings of the experience in focus. One concludes that the experience of practicing the role of a psychological on duty adviser constitutes a privileged field of learning for the clinical psychologist. The acquired experience made possible to the participants the get in contact with several unexpected situations, contributing to the development of a differentiated listening, of a sharpened clinical perception, besides exciting a sense of responsibility extended in relation to the patients and to the community. Considering the intervention model that characterizes the Psychological On Duty Attention, one concludes that this mode of psychological clinical attention may contribute in significant way for the clinical education of the psychologist, by propitiating the practicing of certain facilitative attitudes - empathy, positive unconditional acceptance and congruence - conceived by Rogers as necessary and sufficient for a psychological helping relationship to be efficient.
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo apreender a experi?ncia de tornar-se psic?logo cl?nico, vivida por tr?s psic?logas em fase de conclus?o de um Programa de Aprimoramento Profissional, desenvolvido em um Servi?o Universit?rio de Psicologia, tendo como foco a pr?tica de uma modalidade de aten??o psicol?gica, denominada Plant?o Psicol?gico. Este Servi?o caracteriza-se como um enquadre cl?nico diferenciado, desenvolvido em institui??es como uma alternativa ?s psicoterapias tradicionais. A fundamenta??o te?rica deste estudo insere-se na Psicologia Humanista, mais precisamente na Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, desenvolvida pelo psic?logo norte americano Carl R. Rogers, na d?cada de 50, do s?culo XX. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho fenomenol?gico. Foram realizados dois encontros de natureza dial?gica, com dura??o de aproximadamente noventa minutos, com as tr?s participantes em grupo. Em seguida, a an?lise fenomenol?gica dos encontros evoluiu, de uma compreens?o acerca da especificidade de cada encontro para uma compreens?o mais ampla quanto aos significados da experi?ncia em foco. Concluiu-se que a pr?tica do Plant?o Psicol?gico constitui um campo privilegiado de aprendizagem para o psic?logo cl?nico. A experi?ncia adquirida possibilitou ?s participantes o contato com diversas situa??es inesperadas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de uma escuta diferenciada, de uma percep??o cl?nica mais agu?ada, al?m de suscitar um senso de responsabilidade ampliado em rela??o aos clientes e ? comunidade. Ao considerar o modelo de interven??o que caracteriza o Plant?o Psicol?gico, conclui-se que esta modalidade de aten??o psicol?gica pode contribuir de modo significativo para a forma??o cl?nica do psic?logo, ao propiciar a pr?tica das atitudes facilitadoras - empatia, aceita??o positiva incondicional e congru?ncia - concebidas por Rogers como necess?rias e suficientes para que uma rela??o de ajuda psicol?gica possa ser eficaz.

Objective: Attention Bias Modification Training (ABMT) for anxiety aims to train attention away from threatening stimuli and toward neutral stimuli. Although ABMT shows promising anxiety reduction effects in children and adolescents, no study has examined its influence on neural indicators of attention measured using event-related potentials (ERPs) in children or adolescents (i.e., youths). The present study examined the influence of ABMT on the P1, N170, P2 and P3 ERP components during completion of the emotional faces dot probe task in youths with anxiety disorders who failed to respond to cognitive behavioral therapy. Method: Thirty youths (M age = 11.97, SD = 2.89) with primary DSM-IV-TR anxiety disorders completed the dot probe task while undergoing electroencephalogram (EEG) to obtain ERPs before, immediately after, and eight weeks after eight sessions of either ABMT (n = 14) or a control task regimen (CT), (n = 16). Results: At post-treatment, statistically significant effects were found for P1 and P3 mean amplitudes: P1 was significantly higher during trials showing neutral-neutral (NN) face pairs in the ABMT arm than in the CT arm; P3 was significantly higher during trials showing NN face pairs than during trials showing neutral-threat (NT) face pairs in the ABMT arm, but not the CT arm. At eight-week follow-up, participants in both arms showed significantly higher (more negative) N170 responses for NN trials than for NT trials. Conclusions: Attention Bias Modification Treatment led to increases in neural processing of neutral stimuli in early and late stage attentional processing, as measured by the P1 and P3 components, respectively. These components during the dot probe task are promising neural markers of ABMT’s effects on attentional processing in youth with anxiety disorders.

Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), with as many as 70% of patients with MS affected. Individuals with MS who experience cognitive deficits are less likely to be employed, and may have more difficulty performing independent activities of daily living. Most commonly, deficits are observed in processing speed, complex attention, and memory. Because lesion location varies widely among individuals, no clear pattern of cognitive dysfunction in MS has emerged. However, a number of risk and protective factors may influence the likelihood of individuals to develop and/or express dysfunction, though the contribution of each to specific domains of cognition has not been fully explored. Recently, support for the cognitive reserve hypothesis (i.e., enriching life experiences protect against cognitive decline despite disease burden) has emerged in the MS literature. The current study investigated the contributions of cognitive reserve to learning and memory functioning in MS and the interaction of cognitive reserve variables and risk factors known to impact cognitive functioning in individuals with MS. Finding revealed cognitive reserve protects against decline in the domains of processing speed and complex attention. Furthermore, indirect protective effects of cognitive reserve through these domains were observed for verbal learning and memory. Finally, in line with previous literature, cognitive dysfunction predicted employment status of the current sample. Clinical implications and future directions for intervention efforts are discussed.

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This research aims to analyze Ciranda project, held on a Psychological University Service as a different kind of psychological attention, under the perspective of the Person Centered Approach created by the north-american psychologist Carl R. Rogers. It is a project that offers intensive attention to children and teenagers from 8 to 12 years old who show complex problems of emotional or cognitive aspect and/or are on a social risk situation, grouping psychosocial manner practices. The research is characterized as qualitative, of phenomenological nature and exploratory character, been held in three phases: at first, the researcher participated of some week reunions of the staff responsible for Ciranda; after that, it was done an meeting in a inside-class context with members of one of the training supervision groups which was involved with the attendances; finally, individual interviews with the same trainees, with the supervisor professor and also with one of the psychologists responsible for the Psychological Service in which this project is inserted were made. In the sequence, eight narratives about the experience the researcher went through in each one of these situations were composed, focusing to learn the meanings of this protagonists experience based on theoretical conceptions and Person Centered Approach practice. Four trainees, students about to graduate on Psychology Faculty, besides the supervisor professor and the psychologist responsible for that service participated of the research; all them became characters of the scheme built by the researcher. The narrative construction was specially productive, because it helped to preserve the intersubjective experience based on a phenomenological attitude by the researcher, which allowed grouping of the different meetings with a gap to new order, thanks to the complexity of the phenomena to be conceived. This research emerges the originality of Rogers proposal as a psychological approach to human relations, as the members were looking for the redemption of the psychological potential of interpersonal relations provided to Ciranda clients, showing sensibility and ethical attitude which drive them to valorize therapeutic attitudes that preserved the actualizing tendency and promoted retaking of growing and grouping psychological process. It was also possible to make clear how the double mission held by a Psychological Service, been composed inside a learning field for future psychologists and, at the same time, offering clinical frame, provided the Ciranda project responsible ones a defying experience, owing them the need for opening to daily interventions and staff reunion revealed phenomena comprehension.
Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar o projeto Ciranda, desenvolvido em um Servi?o Universit?rio de Psicologia, como uma modalidade diferenciada de aten??o psicol?gica, sob a perspectiva da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa desenvolvida pelo psic?logo norte americano Carl R. Rogers. Trata-se de um projeto que disponibiliza aten??o intensiva a crian?as e adolescentes de 8 a 12 anos que apresentam problemas complexos de ordem emocional, cognitiva e/ou est?o em situa??o de risco social, integrando pr?ticas de car?ter psicossocial. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como sendo qualitativa, de natureza fenomenol?gica e de car?ter explorat?rio, tendo sido desenvolvida em tr?s fases: inicialmente, a pesquisadora participou de algumas reuni?es semanais da equipe respons?vel pelo Ciranda; posteriormente, realizou um encontro no contexto de sala de aula com integrantes de um dos grupos de supervis?o de est?gio que esteve envolvido com os atendimentos; finalmente, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com os mesmos estagi?rios, com a docente supervisora e tamb?m com uma das psic?logas respons?veis pelo Servi?o de Psicologia no qual est? inserido o projeto. Na seq??ncia, foram compostas oito narrativas acerca da experi?ncia vivida pela pesquisadora em cada uma destas situa??es, objetivando apreender os significados da experi?ncia destes protagonistas ? luz dos pressupostos te?ricos e da pr?tica da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa. Participaram da pesquisa quatro estagi?rios, formandos da Faculdade de Psicologia, al?m da docente supervisora e da psic?loga respons?vel pelo referido servi?o; todos tornaram-se personagens no enredo constru?do pela pesquisadora. A constru??o de narrativas foi especialmente fecunda, pois favoreceu a preserva??o da experi?ncia intersubjetiva com base em uma atitude fenomenol?gica por parte da pesquisadora, que permitiu a integra??o entre os diferentes encontros, com uma abertura ao novo, dada a complexidade do fen?meno a ser apreendido. Esta pesquisa fez emergir a originalidade da proposta desenvolvida por Rogers, como a de uma abordagem psicol?gica ?s rela??es humanas, pois os participantes buscavam resgatar a potencialidade terap?utica dos relacionamentos interpessoais disponibilizados aos clientes do Ciranda, revelando sensibilidade e uma atitude ?tica que os conduziu a valorizar atitudes terap?uticas que preservassem a tend?ncia atualizante e promovessem a retomada do processo de crescimento e integra??o psicol?gica. Tamb?m foi poss?vel evidenciar o quanto a dupla miss?o exercida por um Servi?o de Psicologia, ao constituir-se em campo de aprendizagem para futuros psic?logos e, simultaneamente, oferecer um enquadre cl?nico diferenciado ? popula??o, conferiu aos respons?veis pelo projeto Ciranda uma experi?ncia desafiadora, impondo-lhes a necessidade de abertura ? compreens?o dos fen?menos que iam sendo revelados no cotidiano das interven??es e nas reuni?es de equipe.

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This research intended to comprehend psychologists experiences in relation to the workers mental health at organizational contexts. It constituted an exploratory qualitative study. Dialogic interviews were carried through by the researcher with four organizational psychologists, starting from an abstained question that stimulated them to share their living experiences regarding the theme. The depositions were recorded, transcripted and phenomenologically analysed, according to the steps proposed by Amedeo Giorgi. A general synthesis was elaborated based on the researcher s psychological understanding of the shared living elements. It was concluded that the workers mental health is a theme that challenges psychologists; despite their ageement about the presence of suffering within work contexts, they feel difficulty in developing an adequate psychological practice. It aroused as significant to psychologists inserted in organizational contexts the conflict between assuming a psychological practice which provides the worker with support, listening and empathic understanding and, by the other side, a professional role that aims to apply theoretical knowledge in order to adjust behaviors, by the means of enlisting, selecting and training, mainly to attend the organization s needs. Therefore a dichotomy arouses characterized by the psychologist dealing with organizational general determined tasks and at the same time trying to practice a psychological attendance toward the workers human needs. This study brought to light a fragmented Psychology occupied by the exercising of various roles determined to psychologists in several work contexts. This confusing social understanding of Psychology s knowledges and professional practices makes ageement to other researchers assumptions according to the urgent need for interlocution among psychological fields and also a reflection on limits and possibilities of a psychological social clinic frame of reference. The psychological clinic contextualized in the institutions allows psychologists to support the other person s subjective suffering (private) in a social dimension (public interprise). This social dimension brings man a certain fluidity that prevents him of been prisioner of his own existence, otherwise his being privated of seeing and listening to others also turns him unable to be seen and listened and therefore excluded of the common world.
Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a experi?ncia de psic?logos em rela??o ? sa?de mental do trabalhador no contexto de organiza??es. Constituiu-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, de car?ter explorat?rio. Foram realizadas entrevistas dial?gicas com quatro psic?logos organizacionais, a partir de uma quest?o que estimulou os participantes a compartilharem suas viv?ncias a respeito do tema. Os depoimentos, gravados e transcritos, foram analisados, fenomenologicamente, de acordo com os passos propostos por Amedeo Giorgi. Uma s?ntese geral foi elaborada a partir da compreens?o psicol?gica sobre os elementos do vivido, compartilhados com a pesquisadora. Concluiu-se que a quest?o da sa?de mental do trabalhador desafia os psic?logos, pois embora constatem a presen?a de sofrimento no ambiente de trabalho, sentem dificuldade em exercer uma pr?tica psicol?gica compat?vel. Destaca-se o conflito vivenciado pelo psic?logo inserido no contexto organizacional entre um fazer psicol?gico, pautado numa escuta diferenciada que visa acolher e compreender o trabalhador, e uma pr?tica profissional que objetiva aplicar conhecimentos te?ricos para ajustar comportamentos, mediante as atribui??es de recrutar, selecionar e treinar, atendendo, principalmente, as metas da organiza??o. H?, portanto, uma dicotomia caracterizada pelo exerc?cio de tarefas pr?-determinadas pela organiza??o em detrimento de uma pr?tica psicol?gica fundada na aten??o psicol?gica ao trabalhador. Este estudo desvelou a Psicologia fragmentada nos diversos pap?is ocupados pelo psic?logo em diferentes contextos de trabalho. Uma compreens?o social dicotomizada em rela??o aos saberes e fazeres da Psicologia corrobora o pensamento de outros pesquisadores que sugerem a necessidade de uma interlocu??o entre as diversas ?reas da Psicologia e de uma reflex?o competente sobre limites e possibilidades de uma aten??o psicol?gica cl?nica social. A cl?nica contextualizada nas institui??es permite ao psic?logo acolher o outro no seu sofrimento subjetivo (privado), mas em uma dimens?o social (espa?o p?blico). Esta dimens?o permite ao homem um certo deslocamento, uma fluidez que o impede de ser aprisionado em sua pr?pria exist?ncia, pois, ao sentir-se privado de ver e ouvir os outros, priva-se de ser visto e ouvido e acaba isolado, exclu?do do mundo comum.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Os meninos de rua constituem uma problemática que denuncia a exclusão social de crianças e adolescentes, os quais vagueiam pelas ruas, numa trajetória em que prevalecem a transgressão, a violência, a destruição de si e do outro, por meio dos quais o sujeito insiste em existir para o Outro. Esta tese resulta das inquietações de uma prática clínico-institucional e visou a analisar o que pode indicar uma ancoragem e enodamento na errância do sujeito adolescente em situação de rua a partir dos traços que o singularizam e o destacam do universo meninos de rua. Sustentamos a hipótese de que a errância, apesar da degradação subjetiva e da radical expulsão, pode constituir um movimento de vida e resistência, uma tomada de posição do sujeito. Baseando-se na proposição psicanalítica do Traço do Caso, a pesquisa foi norteada pela construção de dois casos clínicos, a partir do que fez tropeço na intervenção e de seus efeitos na escuta. À luz da Aufhebung freudiana e da topologia lacaniana do nó borromeu, destacamos uma realidade marcada por um esgarçamento do tempo e do espaço, uma diluição das fronteiras, uma prevalência do Real. A proposição de uma clínica borromeana situa a instituição como referente simbólico; suplência que opera, no recurso à palavra, reparos nos lapsos do nó. Trata-se de uma construção do adolescente e da instituição que transgride o instituído da exclusão, do saber, das práticas sedimentadas, buscando, num ato inventivo e de autoria do sujeito, uma ultrapassagem da marca da exclusão para a rasura de um traço, por meio de uma nominação simbólica; um entre que enoda e faz laço social; um ponto de ancoragem para quem vinha rodando pela rua.
The presence of "street kids" denounces the social exclusion of children and adolescents that wander the streets, in a trajectory that prevails transgression, violence, destructivity, through which the subject persists to exist for the Other. This thesis is a result of questionings from a clinical practice in an institution. This thesis envisions to analyze what could be related to an anchorage and enlacing in the wander of homeless adolescents, based on the traces that make them unique and detached from the universe of street kids. We propose the hypothesis that the wander, regardless of the subjective degradation and the expulsion, could constitute a movement of life and resistance, an emergence of the subject. Based on the psychoanalytic Trace of the Case, this research was guided by two clinical cases, from what constituted an interventions stumble and its effects in the listening process. Guided by the Freudian Aufhebung and the Lacanian borromean knot, we highlight a reality characterized by the fraying of time and space, a dilution of boundaries, a prevalence of the Real. The proposition of a borromean clinic places the institution as a symbolic reference; a substitute that functions, utilizing the word as a resource, as a repair to the lapses of the knot. This is about a construction that transgresses what is institutionalized about exclusion, knowledge, and established clinical practice. It aims, through an inventive act, a trajectory from the wound of the exclusion to the draft of a trace, through a symbolic nomination; a between space that promotes the knot and the social engagement; a source of anchorage for whom used to go rolling through the street.

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The history of the psychologist's profession, gets confused with this professional's own insert in the field of the attention to the public health and their eventualities. However, still an estrangement prevails between the psychologists' formation in the University and the reality of the public net of health. This situation is also reflected in the shortage of studies regarding the formation in psychology in public health. PUC-Campinas owns one of the pioneering experiences, dated of 1986, in the psychologists' formation in the basic attention, for performance in the Unique System of Health (SUS). This research has intended to apprehend the trainees' in Psychology in Health/Clinic s experiences in activities developed as participants of teams of health of the family in the municipal district of Campinas, validating them in the daily dialogue with the researcher. Six senior students of the degree level in Psychology of PUC-Campinas inserted in two groups of the apprenticeship with activities supervised in two Centers of Health-school located in Northwest area of the town. The attendance of the trainees experiencies by the researcher has began with the ingress on the field expressed in this study in ethnographic manner up to the composition of the data of the research that were produced in two moments: a) Diary of Versions of Sense - weekly registration of subjective synthesis individualy acomplished by six trainees; b) individual interviews, partly structured made by the researcher with each trainee. The depositions and diaries of sense versions were qualitatively analyzed starting from a phenomenological reading. The researcher s phenomenological interpretation enabled an interlocution with similar applications found in data basis. From the meaning analysis of the trainees experiences it was possible to infer: a) the formation of the trainee in a field as public health is first felt as something totally unknown, lived with surprise and a certain embarrassment concerned to the inexperience for the work in team of health of the family; b) on the other hand there is the rapid development of an empathy with the public health field, due to a rewarding living with the technicians team, enabling the birth of affective boundings and of a belonging feeling concerned to the health team; c) really feeling like a psychologist comes from the apprenticeship lived in the team meetings, on the exercise of a clinical practice centered in the collective knowledge and interdisciplinary - denominated enlarged clinic; d) as significant elements, facilitators of professional development are pointed out the home visit, the systematic meeting of the team, the professionals and users diversity, the situations lived in the territory; e) feelings of frustration and displeasure were expressed as resultant of troubles living due to the complexity of some cases, and of the lack of adhesion concerned to clinical attendance offered. This phenomenological view about the formation in service, having the experience of the own trainee as the investigation object translates the intention of the focus on social responsibility of the higher education institutions concerned to the commitment of qualifying professionals to act in the reality of the Brazilian society
A hist?ria da profiss?o do psic?logo, confunde-se com a pr?pria inser??o deste profissional no campo da aten??o ? sa?de p?blica e suas vicissitudes. No entanto, ainda prevalece um distanciamento entre a forma??o de psic?logos na Universidade e a realidade da rede p?blica de sa?de. Esta situa??o tamb?m se reflete na escassez de estudos a respeito da forma??o em psicologia em sa?de p?blica. A PUC-Campinas possui uma das experi?ncias pioneiras, datada de 1986, na forma??o de psic?logos na aten??o b?sica, para atua??o no Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS). Esta pesquisa objetivou apreender as viv?ncias de estagi?rios da ?rea de Psicologia na Sa?de/Cl?nica em atividades desenvolvidas como participantes de equipes de sa?de da fam?lia no munic?pio de Campinas, significando-as no di?logo cotidiano com o pesquisador. Participaram da pesquisa seis estagi?rios do ?ltimo ano do Curso de Gradua??o em Psicologia da PUCCampinas, inseridos em dois grupos de est?gio com atividades supervisionadas em dois Centros de Sa?de-Escola, localizados na regi?o Noroeste do munic?pio. O acompanhamento das viv?ncias dos estagi?rios pelo pesquisador iniciou-se com a entrada no campo, expressa neste estudo de maneira etnogr?fica, at? a composi??o dos dados da pesquisa que foram produzidos em dois momentos: a) Di?rio de Vers?es de Sentido registro semanal de s?nteses subjetivas efetivadas individualmente pelos seis estagi?rios; b) entrevistas individuais, semi estruturadas realizadas pelo pesquisador com cada estagi?rio. Os depoimentos e di?rios de vers?es de sentido foram analisados qualitativamente a partir de uma leitura fenomenol?gica. A interpreta??o fenomenol?gica do pesquisador acerca destes dados possibilitou uma interlocu??o com estudos semelhantes encontrados em bases de dados. A partir da an?lise dos significados das viv?ncias dos estagi?rios foi poss?vel concluir: a) a forma??o do estagi?rio num campo como o da sa?de p?blica ? sentido inicialmente como algo totalmente desconhecido, vivenciado com surpresa e um certo embara?o em rela??o ? inexperi?ncia percebida para este tipo de trabalho em equipe de sa?de da fam?lia; b) por outro lado, desenvolve-se rapidamente uma empatia com o campo da sa?de p?blica, em virtude de uma viv?ncia gratificante com a equipe de t?cnicos, possibilitando a forma??o de v?nculo afetivos e de um sentimento de pertin?ncia ? equipe de sa?de; c) sentir-se realmente como um psic?logo decorre da aprendizagem vivida no cotidiano das reuni?es de equipe, no exerc?cio de uma pr?tica cl?nica centrada no saber coletivo e interdisciplinar denominada cl?nica ampliada; d) como elementos significativos, facilitadores do desenvolvimento profissional, destacaram-se: a visita domiciliar, a reuni?o sistem?tica da equipe, a diversidade de profissionais e de usu?rios, as situa??es vividas no territ?rio; e) sentimentos de frustra??o e descontentamento foram expressos como decorrentes da viv?ncia de dificuldades face ? complexidade de alguns casos, e ? falta de ades?o dos pacientes em rela??o aos atendimentos cl?nicos disponibilizados. Esta leitura fenomenol?gica acerca da forma??o em servi?o, tendo como objeto de investiga??o a viv?ncia do pr?prio estagi?rio, traduz a inten??o de colocar em foco a responsabilidade social das institui??es de ensino superior em rela??o ao compromisso de capacitar profissionais para atuar na realidade da sociedade brasileira

Chronic pain (CP) is a public health concern affecting 15-25% of the population (Brennan, Carr, & Cousins, 2007) and is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, cognitive complaints and difficulties, and limitations in everyday life functioning (Lew et al., 2009; Menefee et al., 2000). Previous research has considered cognitive functioning in individuals with CP (Di Stefano & Radanov, 1995; Grigsby, Rosenberg, & Busenbark, 1995); however, little is known about disruptions on comprehensive computerized measures of attention, and the association of pain related psychological problems with attention dysfunction. The current study examined whether individuals with CP (N = 46) exhibit attention deficits relative to normative data and persons with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; N = 46). The study also sought to determine whether psychological and pain-related symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, perceived psychosocial impairment, pain-related beliefs and behaviors) in individuals with CP are associated with attention functioning. Results indicated that CP and mTBI subjects performed significantly worse on the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA+Plus CPT) relative to normative data. Further, psychological symptoms in CP were significant predictors (p < .05) of attention performance on the IVA+Plus, accounting for 23.7% of the variance in the attention index. Pain-related factors were not predictive of attention functioning. The findings shed light on attention difficulties in CP relative to mTBI and normative data and help explain the relationship between psychological symptoms and attention functioning in CP.

abstract: The nature and correlates of emerging internalizing symptoms in young children are largely unknown. Maternal factors such as psychological symptoms and detached parenting style have been found to be present in children with anxiety and depression. Further, child attentional control in task completion has been associated with difficulty related to internalizing problems. This study tested hypotheses that child anxiety and depression at age five could be predicted by a combination of maternal distress and maternal detached behavior recorded at age three. An additional hypothesis was tested to determine if child attentional control at age four may be a partial mediator of the relation between maternal symptoms and parenting to child internalizing symptoms. Using structural equation modeling, no hypotheses were supported; child internalizing problems were not significantly predicted by maternal distress nor detached parenting. Further, child attentional control was not predicted by maternal distress or detached behavior, nor did attentional control predict internalizing problems. Findings indicate that over a two-year interval, childhood internalizing problems at age five are likely best predicted by early internalizing problems at age three. There was no support that the mother or child factors tested were predictive of child outcomes.
Dissertation/Thesis
M.A. Psychology 2010

This dissertation examines different aspects involved in the formation of psychologists’ expert opinion in the Portuguese criminal justice system, more precisely, as this opinion is reflected in assessment reports. The present dissertation is comprised of three qualitative studies, the first sought to provide a general portrait of a sample of 106 forensic psychological reports as to their overall quality as measured in terms of relevance and coherence. Results show that the formal markers of quality are present in the sample analysed, a certain number of weaknesses have been observed, notably concerning the internal coherence of the reports as well as the relevance of the information reported on. The second study explored the opinions of 17 Portuguese judges and state prosecutors concerning the use they make of this type of forensic report. It appears that they consider these reports to be useful and very credible, specially so when they have been produced under the auspices of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, which is the state forensic institution. Furthermore, it appears that judges and prosecutors were particularly interested in data that allowed for a personalised portrait of the assessee. The third study sought to better comprehend the conceptual bases on which psychologists construct their reports. To this end, an exploratory study was undertaken with a sample of key-actors; the analysis of their interviews shows that they define their judicial mandate as well as the basic concepts that are associated to this mandate in different ways. A theoretical framework provided by an implicit theories model was used to help understand these results.
Cette thèse présente trois études qualitatives qui concernent différents aspects de la formulation de l’opinion experte chez des psychologues forensiques, tel que cette opinion se révèle dans leurs rapports d’expertise psycho-légale. La première étude porte sur la qualité d’un vaste échantillon de rapports d’expertise en se concentrant sur des critères de pertinence et de cohérence comme mesures de leur qualité générale. Cette étape a permis de dresser le portrait de 106 rapports forensiques produits au Portugal et d’établir qu’ils rencontrent les critères de qualité formelle établis tout en présentant certaines faiblesses en ce qui concerne la pertinence des informations utilisées et la cohérence interne du rapport La deuxième étude explore les opinions de dix-sept juges et procureurs de la République portugaise et s’interroge plus particulièrement sur leurs perspectives concernant l’utilité ce type de rapports d’experts dans leur travail en cour criminelle. Il appert que ces derniers leur accordent une grande crédibilité en particulier lorsqu’ils ont été produits par les experts de l’Institut portugais de médicine légale et sciences forensiques, l’institution forensique nationale affiliée au Ministère de la Justice. De plus, il se dégage des entretiens que les juges et les procureurs sont particulièrement intéressés par les données qui permettent de dresser un portrait individualisé de la personne évaluée. La troisième étude vise à mieux saisir les bases conceptuelles sur lesquelles les psychologues experts construisent leurs rapports. Pour ce faire, une étude exploratoire auprès d’un échantillon d’acteurs-clés a été menée qui a permis de dégager un certain nombre de constats, notamment que ceux-ci définissent leurs mandats judiciaires ainsi que les concepts fondamentaux qui y sont associés de manière différente. Un cadre théorique basé sur le modèle des théories implicites a été utilisé pour mieux comprendre ces résultats.