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Journal articles on the topic 'Cloisters (Architecture)'
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1
Zerlenga, Ornella. "Renewed spirituality in cloistered architecture in Naples." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 27, 2019): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.652.
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The object of study is the cloistered architecture with particular attention to the cloisters of Santa Maria della Sanità and San Severo in Naples. Among the different environments that characterize a convent or monastery, the cloister is the main element of religious life, the central nucleus of the activities carried out collectively. Typologically, the distinctive features of the cloister can be identified in the following: position within the religious complex; presence of porch, garden, well; variety of shape and planimetric dimension. The cloister of Santa Maria della Sanità has an unusual ovate shape. This cloister was severely tampered with by the construction of the bridge of Sanità in the French decade. This intervention brought the cloister into oblivion and decay like that of San Severo. Recently the cloisters have been restored to new social use to promote inclusion and diversity.
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Maffei, Luigi, Massimiliano Masullo, Roxana Adina Toma, and Danila Jacazzi. "The role of cloisters in historical cities." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 12, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.634.
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Over the centuries religious architecture had a significant role in social and cultural life of people. In the past sacred architectures with their silent spaces were symbolic sites were the “voice” of God was invoked by religious who dedicated most of their life to prayer and spiritual readings.Among them, the cloisters, with their typical architectural conformation of open-air space protected by galleries or corridors, enriched by fountains and gardens had a relevant role also for their restorativeness' capability. They were used as healing places where body, mind and spirit could benefit from the surrounding environment.Nowadays they are still attended by men of faith, pilgrims and religious believers but also, simply, by people in searching of quietness. Their sight on the sky, the greenery and the water, and their cultural elements still affects strongly the physiological and emotional restoration process of the people and, in overcrowded cities where green areas misses, they can represent a new resource. Recent studies highlighted the possibility to use them as pockets of quiet. The paper describes their diffusion in the urban tissue of some cities in Campania and their main characteristics.
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Palmieri, Alice. "The Wheel and the Cloister in the Rule of Seclusion: Architectural Elements or Elements of a Communication System?" Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 27, 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.655.
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When Walter Benjamin describes Naples, he defines its architecture ’porous like this stone’ assimilating the structural characteristic of the tuff to an architectural model, characterized by voids and openings that create an interpenetration between interior and exterior. These continuous breakthroughs also characterize the life of Neapolitans who are used to living the street as part of social life. Right in the historical centre, where these dynamics are deeply present, there are some cloistered convents that by definition are closed to the city. This paper investigates sacred architecture not as a celebrative space, but as a place of living for religious communities. The focus is on the monasteries: peculiar structures deeply marked in the architecture by the need for confidentiality and therefore to create filters, physical and visual, with the rest of the urban area. The convents of Naples, through the wheels (intended for the passage of offerings) and through the cloisters, establish a relationship with the city that over the centuries has changed with a progressive opening to the inhabitants who are now allowed to get closer to these realities. The research finally deepens the architecture of the convent of Santa Maria in Gerusalemme, commonly known as the monastery of ‘the Thirty-three’, adjacent to the historical hospital of the Incurabili with which it shares its origins since both were founded by the Venerable Maria Lorenza Longo. Despite the closure and the high fence wall, the presence of the monastery is very strong: it is a reference and a listening point, where the ancient wooden wheel still represents a way of communication between the residents of the district and the nuns. In the same way, the cloister and the refectory have transformed their function over the centuries, becoming spaces for public events, while remaining in line with the rules of the Order.The study of the structure and dynamics of communication from/to the convent proposes a reflection on the transformations of religious architecture in the urban context and on the changes in language and meaning of the architectural elements characterizing the monastery.
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Monckton, Linda. "Experimental Architecture? Vaulting and West Country Cloisters in the Late Middle Ages." Journal of the British Archaeological Association 159, no. 1 (October 2006): 249–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174767006x133014.
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Neto, Maria João. "A CANOPY FROM THE PORTUGUESE MEDIEVAL MONASTERY OF BATALHA: A SINGULAR EXAMPLE OF MICRO-ARCHITECTURE IN THE CLOISTERS COLLECTION." ARTis ON, no. 9 (December 26, 2019): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37935/aion.v0i9.250.
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The MET Cloisters acquired a peculiar architectural canopy in 2016 that belonged to the main portal of the medieval monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória in the Portuguese village of Batalha. This piece, now in New York, surmounted one of the twelve statues of the Apostles. In the 19th century, during restoration works, the portal was altered from its initial dimension and many of its original sculptural elements were replaced by copies.
This research note intends to trace the current location of all the original elements, in both public and private collections, as well as their path in the art market. It also analyzes how this canopy represents a unique example of micro-architecture, relating its composition to the monastery’s architecture. The canopy seems to allude to the dual function and meaning of the Portuguese medieval monastery: the divine temple is represented by the five small buildings and their tile-roofs, as the church’s chevet with five radiating chapels; and royal funerary place as represented by the vertical segment, a sectioned octagonal volume evoking King John’s funeral chapel. In its simplicity and micro-scale, this canopy displays remarkable artistic quality, constituting an excellent example of the fourteenth-century production led by the master Huguet in the Portuguese construction site of Batalha.
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Zhou, Zhenru. "From Earth to Heaven." Athanor 39 (November 22, 2022): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33009/fsu_athanor131171.
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This paper investigates the architectural turn of the largest Buddhist cave complex in late-medieval Dunhuang (in Northwest China) with a focus on the contemporaneous exterior structures. The structures include timber facades that cover the caves’ antechambers cut out from the vertical cliff, timber-structured ante-halls on the ground, and earthen shrines and pagodas on the cliff top. These exterior structures, albeit mostly non-extant, constituted the comprehensive built environment of the Mogao cave site. This paper first overviews the diversity of exterior structures through a theoretical reconstruction of several building types including gable-sided facades, eave-sided facades with baosha-dormers, and compound architecture comprising a double-or-triple-level pavilion-like facade and a cliff-top shrine. I then look into one of the three zones where the multiple façade types congregate. The three zones, namely, cave cloisters centered around the Southern and Northern Colossal Buddha Caves and “the Three-Story Pavilion,” defined and redefined the appearance of the mile-long complex by means of vertical extension against the pre-existing horizontal passageways and skylines. As the paper argues, the exterior structures were a collective attempt to transform the cave site into a palatial complex amid mountains, which was motivated by a longing for synchronizing the earthly and the heavenly realms.
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Priester, Ann. "Bell Towers and Building Workshops in Medieval Rome." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 52, no. 2 (June 1, 1993): 199–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990786.
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Thirty-five medieval bell towers, along with dozens of churches such as S. Clemente, S. Crisogono, S. Maria in Trastevere, and S. Lorenzo fuori le mura, survive as testimony to a boom in ecclesiastical construction in Rome during the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. This article focuses on these bell towers, using computer database analysis of their architectural and decorative features to investigate the nature of building workshops in medieval Rome. A comparison of a number of variable features among the bell towers, such as masonry techniques, cornices, and decorative details, uncovered patterns of similarities and differences which may be attributed to workshop practices. Four distinct groups of bell towers are identified on the basis of these features, which I suggest are evidence of the existence of four workshops of brick masons active in bell tower construction in Rome between the early twelfth and the thirteenth centuries. Finally, the article addresses the question of specialization within medieval Rome's building industry and the circumstances behind a rapid decline around 1200 in bell tower building and the fate of the workshops that built them. I observe that by the early thirteenth century, certain prestigious architectural commissions, such as the cloisters at the Lateran and S. Paolo f.l.m., were not given to workshops of brick masons, but to marble workers.
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Jahnkassim, Puteri Shireen, and Norwina Mohd Nawawi. "ALLUSIONS TO MUGHAL URBAN FORMS IN THE MONUMENTALITY OF CHANDIGARH’S CAPITOL COMPLEX." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1210050.
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The formative influence of the Mughal gardens on the urban spaces of the Capitol Complex, Chandigarh is discussed as part of Le Corbusier’s vision in realising new urban symbols to represent an independent India. Corbusier had not only “regionalised” Modernist elements of architectural design but had “modernised” past urban forms by artfully rejecting the traditional gridded patterns and urban traditions such as the Mughal gardens, and transforming them into a dynamic restructuring and interplay of urban forms and spaces. To disassociate the new capital from its Colonial past and to create a new sense of spatial drama symbolising the nation’s hopes for the future, Fatehpur Sikri’s renowned orthogonal and gridded urban plazas with its interconnected courtyards and cloisters, became part of Corbusier’s arsenal of precedents, and these were abstracted and reworked into a new orchestration of urban spaces; and integrated with Modernised concrete architectural forms. The garden archetype and recurring traditional Mughal devices such as the “chattri” and the trabeated terraces allusions were simplified and synthesised with overlapping “spaces-between-buildings” such as bodies of water, platforms and a series of roofscapes. The influence of the Mughal gardens is again seen in a subsequent project in later years by Corbusier i.e. the unbuilt proposal for the Venice Hospital, whose layout and planning carry similar overtones of overlapping courtyards but fused into a series of outdoor-indoor spaces due to the need to be cognizant of, and sensitive to, the historical fabric and tissue of an existing city.
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Oter Gorenčič, Mija. "The role of the Counts of Cilli in the architectural development of the Jurklošter Carthusian monastery's great cloister and the question of the location of Veronika of Desnice's grave. The archaeological method as an aid to art-historical interpretation." Studia Historica Slovenica 20 (2020), no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 67–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.32874/shs.2020-03.
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The article presents the first attempt at a comprehensive interpretation of the architectural development of the Jurklošter Carthusian monastery's great cloister and its appearance before and after the reconstruction that was financially supported by the Counts of Cilli Frederick II and Ulrich II. The article also refers to several archival sources that have been overlooked to date. These reveal the previously unknown patrocinium of the cemetery chapel in the cloister's atrium as well as, quite reliably, the location of Veronika of Desnice's grave. They also bring new information about the granting of indulgences, permission to erect an altar in the cemetery chapel, and consecrations. Apart from discovering new archival sources and carrying out a comparative analysis with the relevant medieval Carthusian monasteries elsewhere in Europe, the article is methodologically based on the art-historical analysis of two archaeological georadar recordings, of which one has been published for the first time in this very contribution.
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Horste, Kathryn. "A New Plan of the Cloister and Rampart of Saint-Etienne, Toulouse." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 45, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990125.
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A newly discovered plan of the medieval rampart of Toulouse in the vicinity of the Cathedral of Saint-Etienne includes a detailed plan of the Romanesque cloister of the Cathedral, which was destroyed in the early years after the Revolution. The plan, an official copy of an original drawn in 1780 by Jacques Paschal Virebent, indicates that the architecture of the cloister was similar to that which has been proposed for the contemporary Cluniac cloister of La Daurade in Toulouse, the model for which was the cloister of the nearby Abbey of Moissac, completed in 1100. Within the limited body of evidence that can be brought to bear on a reconstruction of the sculptural program of the cloister, the new plan is the most concrete and credible document. A much-cited 19th-century lithograph of the cloister and claims made about the provenance of its sculpture by the antiquarian Alexandre Du Mège are, on the other hand, shown to be highly untrustworthy. The plan also provides evidence for the original course of the Gallo-Roman city wall and of the medieval modifications to it in the vicinity of the Cathedral and Gateway of Saint-Etienne.
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Harris, Roland B. "RECONSTRUCTING THE ROMANESQUE CLOISTER OF NORWICH CATHEDRAL." Antiquaries Journal 99 (September 2019): 133–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581519000118.
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Works to the south side of the Gothic cloister at Norwich Cathedral in 1900 produced a series of finely sculpted double-capitals, which have long been identified as deriving from the Romanesque predecessor that was progressively demolished and replaced in 1297–1430. Additional discoveries in 1900 included twelfth-century voussoirs and jamb stones, which probably came from one of the larger doorways – perhaps to the chapter house – that opened off the cloister. These fragments have attracted considerable interest since 1900, almost entirely focused on art historical analysis of the subjects, style and date of the historiated double-capitals. Discovery of further fragments from the Romanesque cloister during works to the easternmost bay of the south walk (Bay 15) in 2018, however, allows us to understand more of its architecture. Although lacking the impressiveness of the earlier finds, these newly revealed sculpted stones include voussoirs and a shaft from the cloister arcades, and allow reconstruction of the overall form of the twelfth-century cloister. Moreover, the discovery of the use of calc-sinter – a faux marble sourced from the Eifel aqueduct – for the shafts of the arcades reveals that the Romanesque cloister had a hitherto entirely unsuspected lavishness.
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Stroka, Thomas Daniel. "Vivat, Crescat, Floreat." Actas de Arquitectura Religiosa Contemporánea 3 (October 2, 2015): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/aarc.2013.3.0.5109.
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The Carmelite Order has a distinctive spirit of contemplation which calls for an autonomous figurative language of architecture. Cloistered Carmelite Nuns live in a symbolic desert, the enclosure of their monastery, just as early followers of Elijah lived in hermitages scattered across Mount Carmel in the Holy Land. Despite their call to simplicity, Carmelites are permitted to creatively ornament their monastery chapels. This paper provides an introduction to the Carmelite spirit, architectural implications of their constitutions, examples of Carmelite foundations, and principles for a new Carmel.
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Facincani, Filip. "Studniční stavení ve Zlaté Koruně jako před-parléřovská stavebnice. Příklad inkorporace dlouhodobě deponovaných článků do mladší stavby." AUC PHILOSOPHICA ET HISTORICA 2021, no. 1 (June 23, 2023): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24647055.2023.3.
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The aim of the paper is to present to present the results of the field survey of the fragments of the cloister lavatorium in Zlatá Koruna monastery and to present a proposal for reassessing the existing views on its building history. On the basis of formal analysis and comparison with local shape-related architectural parts, re-claimed by recent research, it proposes to accept the parts of cloister lavatorium as pre-Parlerian, and thus dating from around and after 1300. The paper does not dispute the building sequence of the convent and cloister as a whole, as accepted by the previous literature – it suggests that the parts of cloister lavatorium were made at the same time as the vault shafts of the north-west corner of the cloister and possibly the vault shafts of abbot’s chapel, and deposited in the grounds of the monastery building workshop before they could be incorporated into the building. Arguments for accepting the cloister lavatorium fragments as pre-Parlerian are their close formal association with the shafts of the north-west bay of the cloister, for which an early dating to c. 1300 and after is highly probable. Accepting the cloister lavatorium parts as a product of the construction phase of the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries means partially reconsidering the existing views on the pace of construction of the royal monastery of Zlatá Koruna. This seems to have been greater than research assumed at the turn of the centuries.
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Masullo, Massimiliano, Francesca Castanò, Roxana Adina Toma, and Luigi Maffei. "Historical Cloisters and Courtyards as Quiet Areas." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 4, 2020): 2887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072887.
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Searching for renovating and/or constructing quiet areas in historical urban sites, along with the conservation and valorization policies of the tangible and intangible value of historic urban sites are goals that can be combined into a unique sustainable strategy for the preservation of the sense of place and identity of communities as well as their well-being. Historic cloisters and courtyards are examples of such sites. Due to their physical, architectural, environmental and cultural features, they present restorative capabilities that could qualify them as quite areas. This paper aims to establish a new procedure that, through the exploration and analysis of past and current aspects of these sites, makes it possible to classify them and understand whether they still preserve a restorative character. A graphic representation, obtained from a historical analysis and an objective description of past and current historical/architectural, environmental and cultural scenarios, has been used. The results were compared with those of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS-11). A diamond shape represents highly restorative sites, while deviations from this shape were found to be weakly correlated with a restorative nature. This has also been shown by the high positive correlation of analytical parameters with the PRS-11 score and, in particular, with the component of Fascination.
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Bolognesi, C., and D. Aiello. "FORGOTTEN ARCHITECTURE: SMART TOOLS FOR CULTURAL TOURISM IN THE CLOISTER OF THE PRIOR (SANTA MARIA DELLE GRAZIE, MILAN)." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 4, 2019): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-247-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper describes the relationship among an important nineteenth-century monument, the Cloister of the Prior (located in the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan), its survey and the technical integration of different cultural information to be enjoyed in VR and AR during its visit. In this context, the surveying techniques have to face the problem related to the presence of white and smooth surfaces and the difficulty in obtaining a good result in the 3D modelling. Various tests have been performed to create a good point cloud from the photogrammetric survey of the cloister, conducted through the use of different camera lenses or post production interventions applied to the images, in order to obtain the best results. The 3D modelling is not only a base for creating virtual and augmented experiences (that, through digital contents, explain to the distracted public the history of this less known part of the monument) but also a starting point for possible further studies focused on the modifications that affected the cloister over the centuries.</p>
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Vežić, Pavuša. "Sveti Frane u Zadru - arhitektura crkve i samostana u doba gotike i renesanse." Ars Adriatica 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.2753.
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The author discusses the architecture of the church and the monastery of St Francis in Zadar in their original form, and their transformation during the Gothic and Renaissance periods. Based on an analysis of published historical sources and the preserved architectural elements, it has been concluded that the extant structure of the complex emerged between the mid-13th and the early 14th century, when the church and the sacristy were built, as well as the monastery wings and the original cloister. An important typological feature of the church is its three-apse rear structure, which the author brings into connection with the Gothic architecture of Franciscans and Dominicans from Umbria and Veneto during the 13th century. The sacristy, in which the Peace of Zadar was signed in 1358, was also a chapel of St Louis and the chapter hall. Its significant rearrangement, with the furnishing of the choir and the sanctuary, took place at the end of the 14th century, when the General Chapter in Cologne proclaimed the monastery the seat of the Franciscan province of St Jerome for Dalmatia in 1393. The choir rebuilding was completed by the mid-15th century with the construction of Giorgio da Sebenico’s podium on the site of the presumed earlier railing.
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Adámková, Iva. "Gibt es eine Fachsprache für die Beschreibung mittelalterlicher Architektur ?" Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi 71, no. 1 (2013): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/alma.2013.1270.
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The paper analyses some selected terms used for describing the 12th-century architecture. Using two examples, the writings of Suger of Saint-Denis and Gervasius of Canterbury, different attitude towards the description of newly established buildings is shown. Whereas Suger in his works on the cloister church of Saint-Denis does not abandon the usual and traditional achitectural terms, Gervasius, on the contrary, when describing the newly founded Canterbury cathedral, coins completely new termini technici.
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Bolognesi, C., and D. Aiello. "THE SECRETS OF S. MARIA DELLE GRAZIE: VIRTUAL FRUITION OF AN ICONIC MILANESE ARCHITECTURE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 20, 2019): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-185-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the power of the new digitization technologies and, in particular, of Virtual Reality (VR) to document and communicate the knowledge of Cultural Heritage (CH) and to shorten the distance between man and his history, enhancing architectural monuments or art masterpieces (even when they are somehow inaccessible), allowing original educational storytelling and producing innovative ways to learn and enjoy culture. The ultimate goal of this research is the virtual and interactive reconstruction of an important historical site, characterized by a great beauty as well as by a high artistic value: the complex of Santa Maria delle Grazie, in Milan. In order to test an effective digitization workflow, the experimentation focused on the areas of the convent that are closer to the church and that have been characterized by a troubled history: The Cloister of the Frogs, the Cloister of the Prior, the Old Sacristy, the Small Sacristy and the New Sacristy. These environments have been surveyed by combining photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning; then they have been modelled as NURBS or reconstructed in the form of meshes. In the end, the entire 3D model was imported in a game engine in order to create a realistic VR simulation, able to revive the convent’s history in a way that no written document could better explain.</p>
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Moré, Levente. "Dilectio sequitur cognitionem." Metszet 13, no. 3 (2022): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33268/met.2022.3.5.
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It might sound strange, but the urban composition of bus stop, restaurant and church create the visual and social focal point of Pasarét in Budapest. The architectural quality of these three buildings is outstanding, therefore the new parish presbytery needed to meet the same standard. Where a clear use of spatial forms, materials and historical cloister design has been applied.
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Fiorillo, Raffaela. "The "Holy Houses" of the SS. Annunziata in Terra di Lavoro." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 12, 2019): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.632.
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The main objective of the study is to verify the existence of specific architectural models and on this basis, subsequently establish the possible transmission channels of the architectural types, as well as the architects involved and the workers engaged in the service of the Confraternities of A.G.P.This paper constitues an anticipation of a large study on the territory in the Terra di Lavoro and in particular of the foundations attributed to the Institute of the Lay Confraternity of Ave Gratia Plena (A.G.P), churches consecrated to the Santissima Annunziata. At first analysis, the territory appears chatacterized by the presence of several and extensive monastic complexes dedicated to the SS. Annunziata, which, following precisely the conventual model, are usually set based on a structure often endowed by cloister, sometimes from a hospital and a pawn shop. The recurrence of these structures suggests that, despite being of lay Confraternities, the foundations of the A.G.P. behave similary contemporary monastic orders, with general rules and similar types of architecture. This first reflection was reflected in the documented participation of the same architects to build headquartes employees by the Institute. Characteristic of the buildings that belong to confraternities of Ave Gratia Plena turned out to be the localization at the margins of the urban mesh. A feature of the existing buildings of the Ave Grazia Plena Confraternities was found to be the location at the edge of the urban jets, which are often separated by a wall that defines the foundation perimeter of the confraternites. The main objective of the study is to verify the existence of specific architectural models and on this basis, subsequently establish the possible transmission channels of the architectural types, as well as the architects involved and the workers engaged in the service of the Confraternities of A.G.P.
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Sternberg, Maximilian. "Thomas Coomans, Life Inside the Cloister: Understanding Monastic Architecture: Tradition, Reformation, Adaptive Reuse." Journal of Medieval Monastic Studies 8 (January 2019): 384–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.jmms.5.117988.
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Gandy, George N. "Identifying and Dating Mont Saint-Michel’s Early Monastic Buildings, c. 1070–1228." Architectural History 66 (2023): 89–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2023.6.
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ABSTRACTOne of the best-known monastic settlements of western Europe, the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel occupies the summit of a prodigiously steep island site off the coast of Normandy in northern France. The church was built between 1023 and c. 1080–85. The monastic buildings, to the north of the church, were arranged vertically as much as horizontally, reflecting the constraints of the site. They appear to have comprised three adjacent and interconnecting buildings, two of three storeys, the other of two. However, two of these three ranges were overbuilt in the early thirteenth century by an ambitious development which became known as the Merveille (c. 1212–28). This article seeks to identify the buildings that the Merveille replaced and thus the entire complex as it existed in the twelfth century. This inevitably involves a certain amount of speculation and perhaps for this reason the complex has hitherto been largely ignored, important though it is for an understanding of the abbey’s early history. The article also discusses other building projects relevant to the monks, such as the cemetery, the twelfth-century Hôtellerie and the thirteenth-century infirmary and mortuary chapel, and analyses the genesis of the Merveille. Among the findings or propositions are that the monks’ cemetery was housed in what may once have been a ducal palace; that the abbey’s cloister occupied the same position as it does today but was at a lower, mezzanine level and was smaller than the present cloister; that the chapter house and infirmary were probably adjacent to the west walk of the cloister; that the original provision for kitchen and cellar and for sleeping space was inadequate; and that the Merveille, which was the work of Abbot Raoul des Îles, was not entirely new-build as sometimes thought, but a transformation and redevelopment of buildings that already existed.
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Barbi, Simone. "Atelier Deshaus. Chiostro Superiore in Aranya, Jinshanling, Cina." Firenze Architettura 27, no. 1-2 (January 30, 2024): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/fia-15076.
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Questo Alto chiostro, un complesso architettonico di ispirazione Zen inserito tra le rocce e i boschi delle ‘montagne dorate’ del Luanping, offre ad Atelier Deshaus l’occasione per operare una ‘riflessione’ della tradizione architettonica cinese nel modus-hodiernus occidentale, attraverso una profonda e radicale riscrittura dell’esemplare monastero buddista Foguang Si, d’epoca Tang.
This Upper-Cloister, a Zen-inspired architectural complex set among the rocks and forests of the Golden Mountain in Luanping, offers Atelier Deshaus an opportunity to 'reflect' on the Chinese architectural tradition in the Western modus-hodiernus, through a profound and radical re-interpretation of the emblematic Buddhist Foguang Si monastery, from the Tang dynasty era.
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González Fraile, Eduardo Miguel, José Ramón Sola Alonso, and Salvador Mata Pérez. "INVESTIGACIONES Y ANÁLISIS. PANDA ESTE DEL CLAUSTRO DE LA CATEDRAL DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA." Proyecto, Progreso, Arquitectura, no. 22 (2020): 16–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ppa.2020.i22.01.
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Leader, Anne. "Architectural Collaboration in the Early Renaissance: Reforming the Florentine Badia." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 64, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 204–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25068145.
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In the late 1420s, Abbot Gomezio di Giovanni initiated a major building campaign to reform the Benedictine monastery of the Florentine Badia. Designed to provide its community with an orderly space in which to pursue the Benedictine Observance, the compound rises around the so-called Orange Cloister, long considered to be an early work of Bernardo Rossellino. A reevaluation of the archival record demonstrates that Rossellino was one of many who contributed to the project, which was a collaborative effort codirected by master mason Antonio di Domenico della Parte and master stonecutter Giovanni d'Antonio da Maiano. In addition to issues of authorship, this article investigates why the building looks the way it does, how it was built, and how it served the abbot's reform program. Answers to these questions allow us to develop our appreciation of Benedictine life and architectural practice in Early Renaissance Florence.
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Pierdicca, Roberto, Marina Paolanti, Francesca Matrone, Massimo Martini, Christian Morbidoni, Eva Savina Malinverni, Emanuele Frontoni, and Andrea Maria Lingua. "Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Using a Deep Learning Framework for Cultural Heritage." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12061005.
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In the Digital Cultural Heritage (DCH) domain, the semantic segmentation of 3D Point Clouds with Deep Learning (DL) techniques can help to recognize historical architectural elements, at an adequate level of detail, and thus speed up the process of modeling of historical buildings for developing BIM models from survey data, referred to as HBIM (Historical Building Information Modeling). In this paper, we propose a DL framework for Point Cloud segmentation, which employs an improved DGCNN (Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network) by adding meaningful features such as normal and colour. The approach has been applied to a newly collected DCH Dataset which is publicy available: ArCH (Architectural Cultural Heritage) Dataset. This dataset comprises 11 labeled points clouds, derived from the union of several single scans or from the integration of the latter with photogrammetric surveys. The involved scenes are both indoor and outdoor, with churches, chapels, cloisters, porticoes and loggias covered by a variety of vaults and beared by many different types of columns. They belong to different historical periods and different styles, in order to make the dataset the least possible uniform and homogeneous (in the repetition of the architectural elements) and the results as general as possible. The experiments yield high accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness and suitability of the proposed approach.
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Streit, Jessica Renee. "Penitence and Crusade in the Assumption Chapel of the Real Monasterio de Las Huelgas, Burgos." Medieval Encounters 26, no. 6 (February 11, 2021): 578–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340089.
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Abstract This study aims to interpret the visual qualities of the Assumption Chapel, located in the Cistercian monastery of Santa Maria La Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos. Rejecting the “mudejar” paradigm often used to explain the chapel’s connections to Andalusi architecture, the article instead considers its relationships to a group of twelfth- and thirteenth-century domed churches in Iberia and the French Pyrenees, as well as to Las Huelgas’s adjacent, late-Romanesque cloister. In so doing, it situates the Assumption Chapel in a broader context of monuments related to penitence and crusade in the Holy Land and Iberia. It also considers the chapel’s form and function in the light of Las Huelgas’s ritual topography. Most broadly, this study shows how seemingly incongruent visual languages—in this case Romanesque and Andalusi—can comprise a coherent program of imagery.
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Scott, Jamie S. "Murray A. Rae, Architecture and Theology: The Art of Place. and Thomas Coomans, Life inside the Cloister: Understanding Monastic Architecture: Tradition, Reformation, Adaptive Reuse." Journal for the Academic Study of Religion 32, no. 1 (August 2, 2019): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jasr.39476.
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Vila-Chã, Eduarda, Alberto Barontini, and Paulo B. Lourenço. "Implementation of a Condition Monitoring Strategy for the Monastery of Salzedas, Portugal: Challenges and Optimisation." Buildings 13, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030719.
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The implementation of condition monitoring for damage identification and the generation of a reliable digital twin are essential elements of preventive conservation. The application of this promising approach to Cultural Heritage (CH) sites is deemed truly beneficial, constituting a minimally invasive mitigation strategy and a cost-effective decision-making tool. In this light, the present work focuses on establishing an informative virtual model as a platform for the conservation of the monastery of Santa Maria de Salzedas, a CH building located in the north of Portugal. The platform is the first step towards the generation of the digital twin and is populated with existing documentation as well as new information collected within the scope of an inspection and diagnosis programme. At this stage, the virtual model encompasses the main cloister, whose structural condition and safety raised concerns in the past and required the implementation of urgent remedial measures. In the definition of a vibration-based condition monitoring strategy for the south wing of the cloister, five modes were identified by carrying out an extensive dynamic identification. Nonetheless, significant challenges emerged due to the low amplitude of the ambient-induced vibrations and the intrusiveness of the activities. To this end, a data-driven Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) approach was followed, testing and comparing five heuristic methods to define a good trade-off between the number of sensors and the quality of the collected information. The results showed that these algorithms for OSP allow the selection of sensor locations with good signal strength.
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Lara Calderón, M. Lenin, David Sanz-Arauz, Sol López-Andrés, and Inés del Pino. "Characterization and Analysis of the Mortars of the Church of Santo Domingo in Quito (Ecuador)." Heritage 5, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 4024–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040207.
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The religious art of the Dominican order is reflected in Santo Domingo Church, which was built between 1541 and 1688. This work of heritage architecture, one of the first to be built in the colonized city, was affected by multiple earthquakes, interventions, and constructions that have not been clearly recorded. A total of 13 samples were taken from the mortar inside the cloister, central nave, and side chapel, following the minor destruction-testing protocols and standards suggested by the research team. The analysis included mineral characterization studies and quantitative analysis by X-ray diffraction, petrographic, and scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis of the samples. The results showed the presence of volcanic aggregates and lime mortars, mortars of rustic composition and coarse manufacture. The results of mineralogical data and texture have allowed us to corroborate the historical information described by the chroniclers, to date relatively studied sites and to establish a hypothesis of constructive stages.
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Manning, Conleth. "Clonfert Cathedral: Its medieval building phases and the date of the chancel." Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature 123, no. 1 (2023): 141–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ria.2023.a913619.
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Abstract: The building history of the cathedral of Clonfert, Co. Galway, is analysed and the main medieval phases are described and discussed. Particular attention is paid to Phase 5, dating to the fifteenth century, and the suggestion is made that these major works were carried out under bishop Cornelius Ó Cuinnlis with patronage from the fourth earl of Ormond, a major patron of church architecture including, as is claimed here, the famous Jerpoint cloister arcade. It is argued that the chancel at Clonfert was added to the building during this phase and that its fine early-thirteenth-century double east window was dismantled from its original position at the east end of what was until then a simple rectangular church and reassembled in its present position. Reassembly marks, extremely rare if not unique survivals in Ireland, were used in this process. It is also suggested that a room above the sacristy may have served as an anchorhold.
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Chen, Yu-Xuan, Bo Shu, and Hsiao-Tung Chang. "Exploring Architectural Shapes Based on Parametric Shape Grammars: A Case Study of the “Three Lanes and Seven Alleys” Historic District in Fuzhou City, China." Buildings 13, no. 8 (August 13, 2023): 2063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082063.
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With the development of information technology, the introduction of information technology into architectural modelling and façade design and the systematic definition of historic districts is a problem that the architectural industry continues to explore and pursue. As a shape-based and self-defining generation rule, shape grammar provides significant help in the process of the automatic generation of architectural shapes to obtain design results that meet the requirements of the original historic district. Based on the simple combination of the application of shape grammar in architectural design, combined with the field investigation method, the representative buildings in the “Three Lanes and Seven Alleys” historic district are investigated and understood in detail, and the corresponding shape grammar rules are established. The courtyard types of the historic district are divided into: “” shape, “T” shape, “=” shape, “” shape, “” shape, “” shape, “” shape, “U” shape, “” shape, and garden. In detail, the façade components include the entrance, patio, main seat, wings, cloister, pavilion, etc. The elements of its façade include saddle walls, grey sculptures, carved stones, grey tiles, wooden grilles, wooden railings, wood grain flowers, etc. On this basis, parametric design is introduced to convert the design syntax into parametric programs. Grasshopper in Rhino is mainly used to visualize and simulate the regulation, and finally, achieve the purpose of automatically generating the architectural shape and façade of the “Three Alleys and Seven Alleys” historic district by adjusting its parameters.
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Szubiakowski, Jacek P., and Jarosław Włodarczyk. "The Solar Dial in the Olsztyn Castle: Its Construction and Relation to Copernicus." Journal for the History of Astronomy 49, no. 2 (May 2018): 158–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828618776057.
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The article discusses the construction, function, and origin of the solar dial in the Olsztyn Castle, traditionally attributed to Copernicus. The dial, preserved partially on the wall of the cloister and presumably designed to determine the time of equinoxes, served as an astronomical instrument mapping the daily paths of the sun in the sky. The article provides a comprehensive mathematical model of the instrument, taking into account the astronomical and architectural factors which affected its functioning. The analysis allows to alienate the essential properties of the dial as an observational instrument and to contend that measurements were recorded indelibly on the wall and averaged by interpolation. Furthermore, it reconsiders the arguments which support the hypothesis ascribing the construction of the Olsztyn instrument to Copernicus. (Some mathematical appendices appear only in the online issue of the journal.)
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Silva, Eder Donizeti da, Adriana Dantas Nogueira, Daniel Ribeiro Chaves Alves, Laisa Fontes Santiago, and Fabiana de Jesus Santos. "Characterization of mortars from the Convent of São Francisco in São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil." Concilium 23, no. 22 (December 14, 2023): 254–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-2476-23t10.
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This paper presents critical reflections and results of the scientific research project (September 2021 to August 2022), developed at the CTPR (Center for Preservation and Restoration Technology), Department of Architecture and Urbanism at the Federal University of Sergipe, based on of the analysis of the characteristics of the mortars present in the Convento de Santa Cruz, popularly known as Convento de São Francisco, located in São Cristóvão, a city founded in 1590 (in Sergipe), with the aim of knowing and seeking alternatives to “cure” pathologies related to phenomena such as humidity, crystallization, leprosy and other agents to which heritage objects are susceptible. Built in the mid-17th century, it was listed by IPHAN and recognized as a world heritage site by UNESCO, the São Francisco Convent differentiates itself from other Franciscan complexes in the Brazilian Northeast, through the typology of the cloister's “mannery” columns and its mortars, containing in its composition clay of the local area. This study promotes the improvement of the inventory of this national religious heritage and the study of conservation and restoration techniques.
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Santner, Kathryn. "Money and a Room of One’s Own." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.4.441.
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Abstract Inhabitants of expansive, densely populated convents in colonial Latin America often enjoyed surprisingly luxurious, privately owned accommodations. Although known as cells (celdas), these dwellings consisted of multiple rooms occupied by nuns, their female relatives, servants, slaves, and young girls sent to the convents for their educations. Kathryn Santner takes the convent of Santa Catalina de Sena in Arequipa, Peru, as a case study in Money and a Room of One’s Own: Convent Cells and Self-Fashioning in Colonial Peru, examining two spaces within convent cells in particular: the estrado (women’s sitting room) and the oratory. These spaces reveal the role of convent cells in individual nuns’ self-fashioning within the cloister as well as the variety of social practices that took place within the multigenerational, multiethnic households of the colonial celda.
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Garbe, Otfried. "Überlegungen zu einer neu entdeckten Architekturzeichnung Michelangelos." Architectura 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 24–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2019-1002.
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Abstract The author presents a newly discovered architectural drawing which shows one of the two identical portals in the reading room of the Biblioteca Laurenziana in Florence. The drawing is attributed to Michelangelo by the author and compared with two other drawings by the artist, one of which connects the Cloister with the vestibule of the Library and another that leads from the vestibule to the reading room. The present drawing has close visual similarities with both the drawings generally accepted as Michelangelo’s. However, it is distinguished by a double pediment that combines a triangular structure with a rounded one. In addition, it is designed in a perspectival manner that takes into account the depth of the opening and of its pediment. All three drawings have the same overall proportions, corresponding to the ›divina proportione‹. The openings in the three drawings have a quotient that is identical with the square root of five. The handwriting within the opening appears to be identical with Michelangelo’s hand.
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Buill, Felipe, M. Amparo Núñez-Andrés, Agustí Costa-Jover, David Moreno, Josep M. Puche, and Josep M. Macias. "Terrestrial Laser Scanner for the Formal Assessment of a Roman-Medieval Structure—The Cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (Spain)." Geosciences 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10110427.
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The use of massive data capture techniques in architectural heritage has enhanced the development of new methodologies that have an important impact on their conservation and understanding. The research proposes the study of formal anomalies in the cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (c. 12th century). It is a relevant Gothic construction in Catalonia, with the special singularity that part of its structure is raised over an important pre-existing Roman wall. The investigation is based on a point cloud obtained with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and the systematization of the 3D analysis methodology of the point cloud through different reference shapes. In general terms, the construction is in good condition, so the discrepancies between real construction and the shapes of reference are small, with some exceptions. Nevertheless, the different approximations used allowed us to identify some relevant features, such as the variability of the form of rib vaults, and the influence of the criteria used in the definition and location of reference forms.
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Xu, Zhu. "Consecrating the Peripheral: On the Ritual, Iconographic, and Spatial Construction of Sui-Tang Buddhist Corridors." Religions 15, no. 4 (March 25, 2024): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15040399.
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The corridor-enclosed cloister characterized Buddhist monasteries during the Sui and Tang periods. This architectural form was first introduced by Emperor Liang Wudi from the palace and continued to prevail until the eleventh century, when a gradual transformation occurred, resulting in the corridor evolving into a long, narrow image hall. This paper examines the ritual and pictorial programs of the Sui-Tang Buddhist corridor to gain insight into this transformation and its ceremonial significance. Specifically, it explores how the corridor was empowered by the state-sponsored maigre feast as a place of worship and how the monastic community of a particular school appropriated the space to celebrate an unbroken dharma-transmission lineage from the Buddha to a specific group of Chinese patriarchs. Lastly, the paper aims to comprehend the adaptation of the corridor into an image hall, which was influenced by political and religious shifts in the eleventh century when Buddhist monasteries were no longer designated as the ritual arena for the state-sponsored maigre feast.
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Castanò, Francesca. "The Charterhouse of St. Lorenzo in Padula, an ideal mystical city of modern Campania." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 12, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.625.
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The essay explores the characteristics and themes of architecture related to Benedictine monastic life in the territories of Cilento and Vallo di Diano. The influences coming from the East and from beyond the Alps are adapted to local traditions without imitating early Christian models, as happens in other areas of Campania. The classical Greek elements acquire greater importance than the Roman universe. The previous buildings adapt to the western world and create heterogeneous hybrids that cannot be easily classified. The Carthusians introduce models that are consistent with a new formulation of the concept of the ideal city. The essay aims to analyze specifically the Certosa di Padula, in the heart of the Vallo di Diano, from the act of its foundation at the beginning of the fourteenth century until the impressive renovations during the eighteenth century. The monastic complex does not present itself as a safe haven from the perils of the world but becomes a spiritual place, the anticipation of Paradise on earth. On the one hand, respect for the strict rule of San Brunone and, on the other, constant interaction with the surrounding territory. The monastery constitutes a new type of polis. An ideality regulated by a rigid separation of the cloistered environments intended for the contemplation of the monks and those dedicated to community life. The boundary between the hermit's life in the upper domus and the cenobitic life in the lower domus is marked by the desertum, the large cultivated green space that gives access to the Civitas Dei, announced by the cartouche of the threshold "Felix coeli porta". The architectural structure of the Certosa di Padula, born on the basis of the models of Trisulti in Lazio and the motherhouse of Grenoble, reflects and embodies that ideal mystical city as declined by Thomas More who saw in monastic customs the foundation of Utopia.
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Allie, Terry-Fritsch. "Florentine Convent as Practiced Place: Cosimo de’Medici, Fra Angelico, and the Public Library of San Marco." Medieval Encounters 18, no. 2-3 (2012): 230–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12342109.
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Abstract By approaching the Observant Dominican convent of San Marco in Florence as a “practiced place,” this article considers the secular users of the convent’s library as mobile spectators that necessarily navigated the cloister and dormitory and, in so doing, recovers, for the first time, their embodied experience of the architectural pathway and the frescoed decoration along the way. To begin this process, the article rediscovers the original “public” for the library at San Marco and reconstructs the pathway through the convent that this secular audience once used. By considering the practice of the place, this article considers Fra Angelico’s extensive fresco decoration along this path as part of an integrated “humanist itinerary.” In this way, Angelico’s frescoes may be understood not only as the result of the social relationship between the mendicant artist and his merchant patron, but also, for the first time in art historical scholarship, as a direct means of visual communication with the convent’s previously unrecognized public audience and an indicator of their political and intellectual practices within the Florentine convent.
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Croce, V., M. G. Bevilacqua, G. Caroti, and A. Piemonte. "CONNECTING GEOMETRY AND SEMANTICS VIA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: FROM 3D CLASSIFICATION OF HERITAGE DATA TO H-BIM REPRESENTATIONS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-145-2021.
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Abstract. Cultural heritage information systems, such as H-BIM, are becoming more and more widespread today, thanks to their potential to bring together, around a 3D representation, the wealth of knowledge related to a given object of study. However, the reconstruction of such tools starting from 3D architectural surveying is still largely deemed as a lengthy and time-consuming process, with inherent complexities related to managing and interpreting unstructured and unorganized data derived, e.g., from laser scanning or photogrammetry. Tackling this issue and starting from reality-based surveying, the purpose of this paper is to semi-automatically reconstruct parametric representations for H-BIM-related uses, by means of the most recent 3D data classification techniques that exploit Artificial Intelligence (AI). The presented methodology consists of a first semantic segmentation phase, aiming at the automatic recognition through AI of architectural elements of historic buildings within points clouds; a Random Forest classifier is used for the classification task, evaluating each time the performance of the predictive model. At a second stage, visual programming techniques are applied to the reconstruction of a conceptual mock-up of each detected element and to the subsequent propagation of the 3D information to other objects with similar characteristics. The resulting parametric model can be used for heritage preservation and dissemination purposes, as common practices implemented in modern H-BIM documentation systems. The methodology is tailored to representative case studies related to the typology of the medieval cloister and scattered over the Tuscan territory.
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Harries, Karsten. "Review: Court, Cloister, and City: The Art and Culture of Central Europe, 1450-1800 by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 56, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991295.
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Santini, Silvia, Vittoria Borghese, and Carlo Baggio. "HBIM-Based Decision-Making Approach for Sustainable Diagnosis and Conservation of Historical Timber Structures." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043003.
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Historical timber roofs play a significant role in architectural heritage, as listed in the World Heritage List protected by UNESCO. Despite their complexity, they are frequently lacking in maintenance, with the consequence that only a few original examples have been preserved until today, contradicting the principle of minimum intervention. In the paper, a decision-making approach has been proposed for the best and most sustainable solution, in which tradition and innovation meet to achieve the maximum quality with minimum intervention. With an emphasis on sustainability (environmental, economic, technological, historic, and social), analyses have been carried out in order to compare various intervention alternatives, modeled in a Heritage-Building Information Modeling (HBIM) environment, assessed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and implemented with the multi-criteria Modelo Integrado de cuantificacion de Valor para Edificacion Sostenibles (MIVES) methodology. The case study is the roof of the Michelangelo Cloister in the Diocletian Baths in Rome, which is a significant example of historical timber roofs. The results are given in terms of a quantitative sustainability index SI, which takes into account different alternatives of intervention, including the task of diagnosis.
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Bronzino, G. P. C., N. Grasso, F. Matrone, A. Osello, and M. Piras. "LASER-VISUAL-INERTIAL ODOMETRY BASED SOLUTION FOR 3D HERITAGE MODELING: THE SANCTUARY OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN OF TROMPONE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 20, 2019): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-215-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The advent of new mobile mapping systems that integrate different sensors has made it easier to acquire multiple 3D information with high speed. Today, technological development has allowed the creation of portable systems particularly suitable for indoor surveys, which mainly integrating LiDAR devices, chambers and inertial platforms, make it possible to create in a fast and easy way, full 3D model of the environment. However, the performance of these instruments differs depending on the acquisition context (indoor and outdoor), the characteristics of the scene (for example lighting, the presence of objects and people, reflecting surfaces, textures) and, above all, the mapping and localization algorithms implemented in devices. The purpose of this study is to analyse the results, and their accuracy, deriving from a survey conducted with the KAARTA Stencil 2 handheld system. This instrument, composed of a 3D LiDAR Velodyne VLP-16, a MEMS inertial platform and a feature tracker camera, it is able to realize the temporal 3D map of the environment. Specifically, the acquisition tests were carried out in a context of metrical documentation of an architectural heritage, in order extract architectural detail for the future reconstruction of virtual and augmented reality environments and for Historical Building Information Modeling purposes. The achieved results were analysed and the discrepancies from some reference LiDAR data are computed for a final evaluation. The system was tested in the church and cloister of the Sanctuary of the Beata Vergine del Trompone in Moncrivello (VC) (Italy).</p>
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Croce, Valeria, Gabriella Caroti, Livio De Luca, Kévin Jacquot, Andrea Piemonte, and Philippe Véron. "From the Semantic Point Cloud to Heritage-Building Information Modeling: A Semiautomatic Approach Exploiting Machine Learning." Remote Sensing 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13030461.
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This work presents a semi-automatic approach to the 3D reconstruction of Heritage-Building Information Models from point clouds based on machine learning techniques. The use of digital information systems leveraging on three-dimensional (3D) representations in architectural heritage documentation and analysis is ever increasing. For the creation of such repositories, reality-based surveying techniques, such as photogrammetry and laser scanning, allow the fast collection of reliable digital replicas of the study objects in the form of point clouds. Besides, their output is raw and unstructured, and the transition to intelligible and semantic 3D representations is still a scarcely automated and time-consuming process requiring considerable human intervention. More refined methods for 3D data interpretation of heritage point clouds are therefore sought after. In tackling these issues, the proposed approach relies on (i) the application of machine learning techniques to semantically label 3D heritage data by identification of relevant geometric, radiometric and intensity features, and (ii) the use of the annotated data to streamline the construction of Heritage-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) systems, where purely geometric information derived from surveying is associated with semantic descriptors on heritage documentation and management. The “Grand-Ducal Cloister” dataset, related to the emblematic case study of the Pisa Charterhouse, is discussed.
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Fozi, Shirin. "Review: Palace of the Mind: The Cloister of Silos and Spanish Sculpture of the Twelfth Century by Elizabeth Valdez del Álamo." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 72, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2013.72.4.584.
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Zhang, Jing, Yunying Ren, and Xiaofan An. "Temporal and spatial features of the palace building space of Qinghai’s Kumbum Monastery and its evolution." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): e0262155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262155.
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Kumbum Monastery is the centre of Tibetan Buddhism and religious culture in Qinghai. Its palace buildings are the typical examples of Tibetan Buddhist monastery buildings and living fossils of Tibetan social history. This study selected 12 palace buildings of Kumbum Monastery as the study objects, used typological approaches and numerical method to analyse their spatial features, classified these features into four types (the ring road surrounding Dugang-style palace space, single-sided eaves of the Duguang-style palace space, three-stage palace space with cloisters connecting to Dugang, and other variants) according to their spatial structures, and discussed the temporal evolution of the spatial features from spatial and temporal perspectives to obtain the development process for the palace buildings of Kumbum Monastery. The analysis showed that: 1) Because the Han people migrated to Qinghai, the architectural space of the monastery followed the practices of Tibet in the same period and began to adopt the practices of the Han people under the effect of religious indoctrination and sociopolitical influence of the Ming dynasty. 2) Due to the influence of religious development facilitated by the political environment in the Qing dynasty, all the palace buildings of Kumbum Monastery adopted the practice of monasteries in Lhasa. After being implicated by the political rebellion, the monastery initiated to add the spatial layout elements of the buildings in Qinghai. Therefore, the monastery was obtaining the cues from the Han culture. 3) The dominance of religious significance over the spatial designing of the palace buildings of Kumbum Monastery gradually shifted to the political dominance. This paper revealed the spatial and temporal features and evolution of the palace building space, explored the generation process of the palace buildings space of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in Qinghai, and provided a reference for the static conservation and dynamic development of Tibetan Buddhist monastery buildings in Qinghai.
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Gergely, Buzás. "Az Árpád-Kori Egri Püspöki Központ Kialakulása." Archaeologiai Értesítő 145, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 101–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/0208.2020.00004.
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2016–2019 között végeztünk feltárásokat az egri várban. Ezek során a vár, illetve az egri püspöki központ 11–13. századi történetére vonatkozó fontos új megfigyeléseket tehettünk. A régészeti megfigyelések alapján a vár legkorábbi előzményeként egy 11. század első feléből származó királyi udvarház épületeit azonosítottuk. Véleményünk szerint ez fogadta be az 1068 után először ideiglenesen, majd 1091 után véglegesen az egyházmegye központját, amely korábban Bihar várában lehetett. Rekonstruáltuk a román kori székesegyház építéstörténetét, és nagyrészt feltártuk a székesegyház északi oldalán a 12. század folyamán több lépésben kiépült káptalani kerengőt és püs pöki palotát, valamint több ponton azonosítottuk a 13. század első felében kiépülő, két részből álló első püspökvár falait (1. kép).Between 2016 and 2019, we conducted a series of excavations in Eger Castle, in the course of which we gained a number of new insights regarding the 11th–13th century history of the castle and the episcopal seat. On the testimony of the written sources and the archaeological record, the castle’s earliest antecedent was a royal manor house from the first half of the 11th century. In our view, this building functioned as the centre of the diocese – which had earlier probably been located in Bihar Castle – first temporarily after 1068, then, after 1091, permanently. We were able to reconstruct the architectural history of the Romanesque cathedral and we excavated the cathedral’s cloister and the episcopal palace on the cathedral’s northern side, built in a number of successive phases. We also succeeded in identifying the walls of the first episcopal castle built in the first half of the 13th century (Fig. 1).
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Jukić, Vjekoslav. "The Sculpture of Rudina Abbey in a European Context Europe, Croatia, Romanesque art." Ars & Humanitas 9, no. 2 (December 4, 2015): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ars.9.2.231-246.
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The Benedictine Abbey of St. Michael in Rudine near Požega is an archaeological site known for more than a hundred years. The first explorations were done in 1906 and 1907 and ever since then Rudina has been explored in a stop and start manner. The archaeological site consists of two basic units: the monastery with a three-aisle, three- apse church, a cloister with the accompanying monastic buildings, and a small aisleless church with a rounded apse some fifty metres to the West. A considerable body of architectural sculpture has been found at the site, but the most important finding is a series of twenty heads, of which nineteen are brackets. This figural sculpture is mainly described in the literature as rustic work without a solid link to sculpture in the immediate area. In spite of all this, the Rudina sculptures are an extremely important cultural phenomenon as the largest group of Romanesque sculptures in Continental Croatia on record. Still, this sculpture has not been studied as completely as it deserves to be. This paper mentions the possibility that the figural stone sculpture of the Benedictine monastery in Rudina was made by a local workshop, it also raises the question of possible influence on that sculpture within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, but indirectly also in Western Europe. Special emphasis is placed on the possible ways (or media) that these influences could have been adopted and on the potential connection to Western Europe and the Pannonian basin.
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Jukić, Vjekoslav. "The Sculpture of Rudina Abbey in a European Context Europe, Croatia, Romanesque art." Ars & Humanitas 9, no. 2 (December 4, 2015): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ah.9.2.231-246.
Full textAbstract:
The Benedictine Abbey of St. Michael in Rudine near Požega is an archaeological site known for more than a hundred years. The first explorations were done in 1906 and 1907 and ever since then Rudina has been explored in a stop and start manner. The archaeological site consists of two basic units: the monastery with a three-aisle, three- apse church, a cloister with the accompanying monastic buildings, and a small aisleless church with a rounded apse some fifty metres to the West. A considerable body of architectural sculpture has been found at the site, but the most important finding is a series of twenty heads, of which nineteen are brackets. This figural sculpture is mainly described in the literature as rustic work without a solid link to sculpture in the immediate area. In spite of all this, the Rudina sculptures are an extremely important cultural phenomenon as the largest group of Romanesque sculptures in Continental Croatia on record. Still, this sculpture has not been studied as completely as it deserves to be. This paper mentions the possibility that the figural stone sculpture of the Benedictine monastery in Rudina was made by a local workshop, it also raises the question of possible influence on that sculpture within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, but indirectly also in Western Europe. Special emphasis is placed on the possible ways (or media) that these influences could have been adopted and on the potential connection to Western Europe and the Pannonian basin.