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Journal articles on the topic 'Closed Area'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

ZWIEBACH, BARTON. "QUANTUM CLOSED STRINGS FROM MINIMAL AREA." Modern Physics Letters A 05, no. 32 (1990): 2753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732390003218.

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Canonical and factorizable off-shell amplitudes for covariant closed string theory can be obtained from string diagrams of minimal area. Evidence is given that all higher genus minimal area string diagrams can be built using vertices and propagators, implying that the off-shell amplitudes arise from the Feynman rules of a full quantum theory of closed strings. The quantum action gives an exact solution of the full master equation of Batalin and Vilkoviski.

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2

Ghomi, Mohammad, and Ralph Howard. "Total diameter and area of closed submanifolds." Mathematische Annalen 363, no. 3-4 (2015): 985–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-015-1173-4.

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3

Koch, Natalie. "Introduction - Field methods in ‘closed contexts’: undertaking research in authoritarian states and places." Area 45, no. 4 (2013): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12044.

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4

Ouvry, Stéphane, and Shuang Wu. "The algebraic area of closed lattice random walks." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 52, no. 25 (2019): 255201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ab2107.

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5

Foster, Colin. "Closed but provocative questions: curves enclosing unit area." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 46, no. 5 (2014): 776–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020739x.2014.992989.

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6

Zwiebach, Barton. "Consistency of closed string polyhedra from minimal area." Physics Letters B 241, no. 3 (1990): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(90)91654-t.

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7

Colomo, Filippo. "Area versus length distribution for closed random walks." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 36, no. 6 (2003): 1539–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/36/6/301.

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8

Belcher, Oliver, and Lauren L. Martin. "Ethnographies of closed doors: conceptualising openness and closure in US immigration and military institutions." Area 45, no. 4 (2013): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12048.

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9

Oboznenko, E. I., and I. L. Oboznenko. "Vibrating object sound field within a closed water area." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 4 (1996): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.416699.

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10

MAO, YUEYUE, SHENGLIANG PAN, and YILING WANG. "AN AREA-PRESERVING FLOW FOR CLOSED CONVEX PLANE CURVES." International Journal of Mathematics 24, no. 04 (2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x13500298.

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Motivated by Gage [On an area-preserving evolution equation for plane curves, in Nonlinear Problems in Geometry, ed. D. M. DeTurck, Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 51 (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1986), pp. 51–62] and Ma–Cheng [A non-local area preserving curve flow, preprint (2009), arXiv:0907.1430v2, [math.DG]], in this paper, an area-preserving flow for convex plane curves is presented. This flow will decrease the perimeter of the evolving curve and make the curve more and more circular during the evolution process. And finally, as t goes to infinity, the limiting curve wi

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11

Croke, Christopher B. "Area and the length of the shortest closed geodesic." Journal of Differential Geometry 27, no. 1 (1988): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/jdg/1214441646.

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12

Beglov, I., and Vyacheslav Rustamyan. "Graphical method for determining the area of closed conic." Журнал естественнонаучных исследований 1, no. 3 (2016): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20527.

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13

Globevnik, Josip. "Holomorphically embedded discs with rapidly growing area." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 129, no. 2 (1999): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500021399.

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It is shown that if V is a closed submanifold of the open unit ball of ℂ2 biholomorphically equivalent to a disc, then the area of V ∩ r can grow arbitrarily rapidly as r ↗ 1. It is also shown that if V is a closed submanifold of ℂ2 biholomorphically equivalent to a disc, then the area of V ∩ r can grow arbitrarily rapidly as r ↗ ∞.

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14

Wu, Ying, Xiu Ping Zhao, Yang Jin, and Xi Zhang. "Extracting Golden Area from Image Based on Canny Operator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.201.

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This paper researched application of Canny algorithm on the color separation of golden image , to generate a separated golden image plate base on the extraction of golden area, so as to get the effect more closer to the real metallic. Canny algorithm is based on the gray-scale image segmentation algorithm. The image is mapped from RGB to Lab color space. According to the color attributes of b, the golden target regions are extracted using Canny algorithm. But it’s difficult to get the closed target boundary outlet by Canny algorithm, so this paper modified image segmentation algorithm. Firstly

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15

Khelif, Anatole. "Existentially closed models via constructible sets: There are 2ℵ0 existentially closed pairwise non elementarily equivalent existentially closed ordered groups". Journal of Symbolic Logic 61, № 1 (1996): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2275610.

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AbstractWe prove that there are 2χ0 pairwise non elementarily equivalent existentially closed ordered groups, which solve the main open problem in this area (cf. [3, 10]).A simple direct proof is given of the weaker fact that the theory of ordered groups has no model companion; the case of the ordered division rings over a field k is also investigated.Our main result uses constructible sets and can be put in an abstract general framework.Comparison with the standard methods which use forcing (cf. [4]) is sketched.

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16

Younghee Noh and 노지윤. "A Study on Improved Utilization of Closed School in the Library Based on Characteristics of Closed Area - Based on the analysis of area where closed school occurs through the Socioeconomic Index -." Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society 50, no. 1 (2019): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.16981/kliss.50.1.201903.157.

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17

Rimar, Miroslav, Marcel Fedak, Andrii Kulikov, and Peter Smeringai. "STUDY OF GASEOUS FLOWS IN CLOSED AREA WITH FORCED VENTILATION." MM Science Journal 2018, no. 01 (2018): 2188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2018_03_201752.

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18

Tefera, Mengistu, Teketay Demel, Håkan Hultén, and Yonas Yemshaw. "The Role of Communities in Closed Area Management in Ethiopia." Mountain Research and Development 25, no. 1 (2005): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2005)025[0044:trocic]2.0.co;2.

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19

Beukers-Stewart, BD, BJ Vause, MWJ Mosley, HL Rossetti, and AR Brand. "Benefits of closed area protection for a population of scallops." Marine Ecology Progress Series 298 (2005): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps298189.

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20

Lan, Si, Ni Fang, Hai Peng Lin, and Shi Qi Ye. "Research on Closed Residential Area Based on Balanced Distribution Theory." E3S Web of Conferences 38 (2018): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183803001.

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With the promotion of the street system, residential quarters and units of the compound gradually open. In this paper, the relationship between traffic flow and traffic flow is established for external roads, and the road resistance model is established by internal roads. We propose a balanced distribution model from the two aspects of road opening conditions and traffic flow inside and outside the district, and quantitatively analyze the impact of the opening and closing on the surrounding roads. Finally, it puts forward feasible suggestions to improve the traffic situation and optimize the n

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21

Korinek, T., and K. Frana. "Formation and dispersion of CO2 after combustion in closed area." Journal of Engineering Thermophysics 26, no. 4 (2017): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1810232817040087.

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22

UNO, Kohji, Takuma SUGANO, Gozo TSUJIMOTO, and Tetsuya KAKINOKI. "TOPOGRAPHY CHANGE OF NATURAL BEACH IN SEMI-CLOSED WATER AREA." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 67, no. 2 (2011): I_358—I_363. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.67.i_358.

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23

Favero, Carlo, and Francesco Giavazzi. "Should the Euro Area be Run as a Closed Economy?" American Economic Review 98, no. 2 (2008): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.138.

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24

Omatu, S., T. Soeda, and K. Kitamura. "Environmental information processing of closed bay area by remote sensing." Marine Pollution Bulletin 23 (January 1991): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90732-8.

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25

NEMOTO, Takashi, Nobuyuki NISHINO, and Yutaka MATSUO. "Purification of closed sea area by the bottom mud modifier." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 25, no. 8 (1996): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.25.458.

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26

TAKAHASHI, Takumi, Ryoya KATAYAMA, Kyeongmin KIM, and Tadashi HIBINO. "NOVEL POTENTIOMETRIC WATER QUALITY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IN CLOSED SEA AREA." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 78, no. 2 (2022): I_769—I_774. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.78.2_i_769.

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27

Zwiebach, Barton. "How covariant closed string theory solves a minimal area problem." Communications in Mathematical Physics 136, no. 1 (1991): 83–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02096792.

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28

Şahin, Erol, Sertan Girgin, and Emre Uğur. "Area measurement of large closed regions with a mobile robot." Autonomous Robots 21, no. 3 (2006): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10514-006-9719-7.

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29

Zhao, Tianyu, Yunlong Yang, Yueyue Mao, and Jianbo Fang. "Anisotropic area-preserving nonlocal flow for closed convex plane curves." Advances in Geometry 24, no. 1 (2024): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/advgeom-2023-0025.

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Abstract We consider an anisotropic area-preserving nonlocal flow for closed convex plane curves, which is a generalization of the model introduced by Pan and Yang (J. Differential Equations 266 (2019), 3764–3786) when τ = 1. Under this flow, the evolving curve maintains its convexity and converges to a homothety of a smooth symmetric strictly convex plane curve in the C ∞ sense. The analysis of the asymptotic behavior of this flow implies the possibility of deforming one curve into another within the framework of Minkowski geometry.

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30

Berg, S., I. L. Andersen, G. M. Tajet, I. A. Haukvik, S. Kongsrud, and K. E. Bøe. "Piglet use of the creep area and piglet mortality – effects of closing the piglets inside the creep area during sow feeding time in pens for individually loose-housed sows." Animal Science 82, no. 2 (2006): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/asc200633.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of closing the piglets inside the piglet creep area during the first two or four sow feedings on piglet mortality from birth until weaning and piglet use of the creep area within the first 3 days after farrowing. A total of 96 sows in individual loose-housing farrowing pens were randomly allotted to one out of three groups: C0 – control (piglets not closed inside the creep area during feeding), C2 – piglets closed inside the creep area during the first two sow feedings after farrowing, C4 – piglets closed inside the creep area during

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31

Smith, I. Philip, and Antony C. Jensen. "Dynamics of closed areas in Norway lobster fisheries." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 9 (2008): 1600–1609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn170.

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AbstractSmith, I. P., and Jensen, A. C. 2008. Dynamics of closed areas in Norway lobster fisheries. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1600–1609. A dynamic, age-structured population model was developed to investigate the potential effects of introducing a closed area to a fishery for a species with limited adult mobility and planktonic dispersal of larvae, using biological and fishery information from a Norway lobster fishery in eastern Scotland. Simulated closure of part of the fishing grounds led to a long-term increase in total biomass and recruitment to the fished zone, but the larval

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32

van der Velde, Raphaël T., Wim Voogt, and Pieter W. Pickhardt. "Kasza: design of a closed water system for the greenhouse horticulture." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 3 (2008): 713–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.697.

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The need for a closed and sustainable water system in greenhouse areas is stimulated by the implementation in the Netherlands of the European Framework Directive. The Dutch national project Kasza: Design of a Closed Water System for the Greenhouse Horticulture will provide information how the water system in a greenhouse horticulture area can be closed. In this paper the conceptual design of two systems to close the water cycle in a greenhouse area is described. The first system with reverse osmosis system can be used in areas where desalination is required in order to be able to use the recyc

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33

Zhang, Huanyu, Yakun Zhao, Xinliang Tian, and Hao Liu. "Effects of the closed domain area on the dynamics of a closed flexible filament behind a rigid plate." Ocean Engineering 288 (November 2023): 115944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115944.

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34

Diantoro, Hyogi. "PERBEDAAN AREA DALAM KANDANG CLOSED HOUSE TERHADAP PERFORMA AYAM PETELUR FASE GROWER." AVES: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan 17, no. 2 (2024): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.35457/aves.v17i2.3254.

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This study sought to ascertain how the body weight and uniformity of laying hens in the growth phase were affected by various regions in closed house cages. 480 laying hens that were still in the growth stage served as the study's subject. Surveys and observations were made in various parts of the closed-in cage as part of the research methodology. Using a paired t-test, the data were examined for body weight and homogeneity. The findings demonstrated that there was no significant impact (P>0.05) of the area difference in the closed-cage animals' body weight or on the uniformity of their av

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35

Forys, Elizabeth A., Paul Hindsley, Maggie P. Miller, James B. Wilson, Lorraine N. Margeson, and Don W. Margeson. "Can Video Cameras Decrease Human Intrusion into a Closed Natural Area?" Natural Areas Journal 36, no. 2 (2016): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0205.

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36

Babkin, Heorhii V., and Pavlo V. Maidaniuk. "Network model of underwater complex project for closed water area monitoring." Collection of Scientific Publications NUS 2(475) (2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15589/znp2019.2(476).6.

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37

Morimoto, Mitsuo, Hirofumi Onari, Takanori Saga, Kunio Maeda, and Takashi Saitou. "A Development of Waste Water Purification Technique in Closed Water Area." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 553 (1996): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1996.553_33.

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38

Giri, Amita, Gary P. T. Choi, and Lalan Kumar. "Open and closed anatomical surface description via hemispherical area-preserving map." Signal Processing 180 (March 2021): 107867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107867.

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39

Abe, K., Y. Inomata, and S. Ogata. "Investigation on turbidity and flow patterns in half-closed sea area." Marine Pollution Bulletin 23 (January 1991): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90652-9.

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40

Venkatasubramanian, R. "On the area of intersection between two closed 2-D objects." Information Sciences 82, no. 1-2 (1995): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-0255(94)00053-e.

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41

OONISHI, Yukio. "Computers and calculation.Simulation of advection diffusion in the closed water area." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 24, no. 5 (1995): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.24.291.

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42

Frank, K. "An evaluation of the Emerald/Western Bank juvenile haddock closed area." ICES Journal of Marine Science 57, no. 4 (2000): 1023–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2000.0587.

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43

Villa, Elena. "ON THE SPECIFIC AREA OF INHOMOGENEOUS BOOLEAN MODELS. EXISTENCE RESULTS AND APPLICATIONS." Image Analysis & Stereology 29, no. 2 (2011): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v29.p111-119.

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The problem of the evaluation of the so-called specific area of a random closed set, in connection with its mean boundary measure, is mentioned in the classical book by Matheron on random closed sets (Matheron, 1975, p. 50); it is still an open problem, in general. We offer here an overview of some recent results concerning the existence of the specific area of inhomogeneous Boolean models, unifying results from geometric measure theory and from stochastic geometry. A discussion of possible applications to image analysis concerning the estimation of the mean surface density of random closed se

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44

Tian, Rucheng C., Changsheng Chen, Kevin D. E. Stokesbury, et al. "Dispersal and settlement of sea scallop larvae spawned in the fishery closed areas on Georges Bank." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 10 (2009): 2155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp175.

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Abstract Tian, R. C., Chen, C., Stokesbury, K. D. E., Rothschild, B. J., Cowles, G. W., Xu, Q., Hu, S., Harris, B. P., and Marino II, M. C. 2009. Dispersal and settlement of sea scallop larvae spawned in the fishery closed areas on Georges Bank. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2155–2164. Three fishery closed areas in the Georges Bank (GB) region were implemented in 1994 to protect depleted groundfish stocks for population replenishment. However, the drift and ultimate destination of larvae spawned in the closed areas have not been analysed specifically within the framework of ocean curre

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45

Saisinchai, Somsak. "Glass Sand Processing Techniques in the Rayong Area, Thailand." Advanced Materials Research 858 (November 2013): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.858.254.

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This article discusses the beneficiation of glass sand at Rayong province in the eastern part of Thailand . The process consists of revolving screen, hydrocyclone, attrition scrubber, tank classifier, spiral concentrator, wet high intensity magnetic separator and closed loop water recycling system. There are 13 glass sand processing plants in this area with the overall capacity 2 million tons per year and supply glass sand to float glass and flat glass industry, glassware industry, glass packaging industry, ceramic industry and chemical industry in Thailand. Keywords: Glass sand, Revolving scr

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46

Pan, Xuezai, and Minggang Wang. "The uniformly continuous theorem of fractal interpolation surface function and its proof." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 5 (2024): 10858–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2024529.

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<abstract> <p>In order to research uniform continuity of fractal interpolation surface function on a closed rectangular area, the accumulation principle was applied to prove uniform continuity of fractal interpolation surface function on a closed rectangular area. First, fractal interpolation surface function was constructed by affine mapping. Second, the continuous concept of fractal interpolation surface function at a planar point in a three-dimensional cartesian coordinate space system and uniform continuity of fractal interpolation surface function on a closed rectangular area

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47

Dewi Lestari. "PERBEDAAN HEN DAY PRODUCTION DAN BERAT TELUR AREA DEPAN BELAKANG KANDANG CLOSED HOUSE." AVES: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan 18, no. 2 (2025): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.35457/aves.v18i2.3866.

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This research was conducted at PT. Phase layer of Jatinom Indah farm, located in Soso village, Gandusari district, Blitar regency. The research began from April 19 to May 19, 2024. The aim of this study was to determine the difference between daily hen production and egg weight in different cage areas, at the front and back of a closed cage. The material used in this study used laying hens aged 40 to 43 weeks, with Isa Brown coloring. The chickens used in the study numbered 128, in the front area 64 chickens and in the rear area 64 chickens. The results showed that the difference in cage area

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48

Zhang, Jingxuan. "Adiabatic theory for the area-constrained Willmore flow." Journal of Mathematical Physics 63, no. 4 (2022): 041503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076701.

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In this paper, we develop an adiabatic theory for the evolution of large closed surfaces under the area-constrained Willmore (ACW) flow in a three-dimensional asymptotically Schwarzschild manifold. We explicitly construct a map, defined on a certain four-dimensional manifold of barycenters, which characterizes key static and dynamical properties of the ACW flow. In particular, using this map, we find an explicit four-dimensional effective dynamics of barycenters, which serves as a uniform asymptotic approximation for the (infinite-dimensional) ACW flow, so long as the initial surface satisfies

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49

Descals, Adrià, Serge Wich, Zoltan Szantoi, et al. "High-resolution global map of closed-canopy coconut palm." Earth System Science Data 15, no. 9 (2023): 3991–4010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3991-2023.

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Abstract. Demand for coconut is expected to rise, but the global distribution of coconut palm has been studied little, which hinders the discussion of its impacts. Here, we produced the first 20 m global coconut palm layer using a U-Net model that was trained on annual Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 composites for the year 2020. The overall accuracy was 99.04 ± 0.21 %, which was significantly higher than the no-information rate. The producer's accuracy for coconut palm was 71.51 ± 23.11 % when only closed-canopy coconut palm was considered in the validation, but this decreased to 11.30 ± 2.33 % whe

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50

Kim, Myung-Hyun, Yeon-Jae Lee, and Youn-min Ko. "Analysis of Decision Factors in the Utilization of Closed School." Korean Association for Housing Policy Studies 32, no. 1 (2024): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24957/hsr.2024.32.1.117.

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Since 1982, when the Ministry of Education's small school consolidation policy was implemented, a total of 3,922 schools have been closed as of March 2023. Most of the previous studies have focused on analyzing cases and recommending how to utilize them. This study takes a quantitative approach by considering time to examine what factors are considered in the four types of management (non-utilization, self-utilization, lease and sale) after the decision to close. A panel probit model with sample selection bias was applied in three steps. The results showed that the age of the school and the to

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