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Yang, Du. "Closed-loop multiple antenna aided wireless communications using limited feedback." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/162675/.
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The aim of this thesis is to study the design of closed-loop multiple antenna aided wireless communications relying on limited feedback. Multiple antennas may be employed either/both at the transmitter or/and at the receiver, here the latter periodically feeds back some information about the time-varying wireless channel using a limited number of bits. Furthermore, the transmitter then pre-processes the signals to be transmitted according to the received feedback information. This closed-loop multiple antenna aided communication scheme is capable of significantly improving the attainable system performance in terms of increasing the transmission rate or enhancing the transmission integrity. The goal of our research is the efficient acquisition and exploitation of the Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT), with the aid of different transmit preprocessing algorithms. The transmission schemes investigated in this thesis include the Transmit Matched Filter (TxMF), the Transmit Eigen-Beamformer (TxEBF), the linear Multi-User Transmitter (MUT) and a recently proposed MIMO scheme called Spatial Modulation (SM). The entire process of CSIT acquisition is investigated in this thesis, which includes pilot assisted CSI estimation, CSI quantisation at the receiver, as well as CSI reconstruction at the transmitter. A number of novel designs are proposed in order to increase the CSI acquisition efficiency. A range of different CSI quantisers are detailed in Chapter 2, and their performances are evaluated throughout Chapter 3 to Chapter 6. Moreover, a pilot overhead reduction scheme is proposed for pilot assisted CSI estimation in Chapter 3 for rapidly fading channels. A pilot symbol assisted rateless code is also proposed in Chapter 3, which exploits the available pilot symbols not only for channel estimation but also for channel decoding. Furthermore, an Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) Chart optimised Channel Impulse Response (CIR) Quantizer is proposed in Chapter 5, which assists the system in maintaining the lowest possible CSI feedback overhead, while ensuring that an open EXIT-tunnel is still attainable for the sake of achieving an infinitesimally low BER. A soft decoding assisted MIMO CIR recovery scheme is proposed in Chapter 5, which minimises the CIRs’ reconstruction error at the transmitter for noise contaminated feedback. Last but not least, a CSI feedback scheme using channel prediction and predictive vector quantization is also proposed in Chapter 5 for delayed feedback channels. Given feedback CSIT, a number of algorithms are proposed in order to efficiently exploit it. In Chapter 4 a novel Linear Dispersion Code (LDC) aided TxEBF scheme is proposed, which is capable of striking the required trade-off between the maximum attainable diversity gain and the capacity for an arbitrary number of transmit and receive antennas. In the same chapter, an application example using a novel scheme referred to as a TxEBF aided video transmission scheme is proposed, where the encoded video source bits are transmitted through different eigen-beams according to their error sensitivity, so as to improve the decoded video quality at the receiver by employing unequal error protection. Moreover, a feedback-aided phase rotation and a feedback-aided power allocation scheme are proposed in Chapter 6,which achieves beneficial transmit diversity and enhances the robustness of a SM aided MIMO system. By examining the various schemes investigated throughout Chapter 3 to Chapter 6, our five-step guidelines conceived for the design of closed-loop MIMO systems using limited feedback are summarised as follows. The first step is to design appropriate transmit preprocessing schemes under the assumption of having perfect CSIT. Then, the second step is to determine the specific type of the required feedback information, whose entropy has to be as low as possible. Next we design an efficient quantiser based on the statistical properties of the required feedback information. The distortion metric of the quantiser may be the conventional MSE metric, but the employment of a direct data-link-performance related metric is preferable. Moreover, the fourth step is to improve the efficiency and robustness of the quantiser by employing conventional source compression. Finally, the fifth step is the joint optimisation of the data transmission link and the CSI feedback link based on the ultimate target performance metric. This thesis is concentrated on a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) cellular communication scenario using digitalized feedback information, where theMobile Terminals (MTs) estimate the Down-Link (DL) channel, quantise and feed back the required information to the Base Station (BS) using a bandwidth-limited feedback link, and the BS reconstructs the received CSI feedback information for the sake of throughput or integrity improving the DL transmission. Moreover, the wireless channels are assumed to be slow frequency-flat/narrow-band Rayleigh fading channels. They are mostly assumed to be spatially independent. The scenario of having spatial correlation and Line Of Sight (LOS) transmissions are also considered. Furthermore, both the achievable capacity and the BER performance are evaluated. Iterative decoding is employed in conjunction with channel coding in order to approach the achievable capacity and improve the BER performance.
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Cintuglu, Mehmet Hazar. "Wide-Area Time-Synchronized Closed-Loop Control of Power Systems And Decentralized Active Distribution Networks." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3031.
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The rapidly expanding power system grid infrastructure and the need to reduce the occurrence of major blackouts and prevention or hardening of systems against cyber-attacks, have led to increased interest in the improved resilience of the electrical grid. Distributed and decentralized control have been widely applied to computer science research. However, for power system applications, the real-time application of decentralized and distributed control algorithms introduce several challenges. In this dissertation, new algorithms and methods for decentralized control, protection and energy management of Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC) and the Active Distribution Network (ADN) are developed to improve the resiliency of the power system. To evaluate the findings of this dissertation, a laboratory-scale integrated Wide WAMPAC and ADN control platform was designed and implemented. The developed platform consists of phasor measurement units (PMU), intelligent electronic devices (IED) and programmable logic controllers (PLC). On top of the designed hardware control platform, a multi-agent cyber-physical interoperability viii framework was developed for real-time verification of the developed decentralized and distributed algorithms using local wireless and Internet-based cloud communication. A novel real-time multiagent system interoperability testbed was developed to enable utility independent private microgrids standardized interoperability framework and define behavioral models for expandability and plug-and-play operation. The state-of-theart power system multiagent framework is improved by providing specific attributes and a deliberative behavior modeling capability. The proposed multi-agent framework is validated in a laboratory based testbed involving developed intelligent electronic device prototypes and actual microgrid setups. Experimental results are demonstrated for both decentralized and distributed control approaches. A new adaptive real-time protection and remedial action scheme (RAS) method using agent-based distributed communication was developed for autonomous hybrid AC/DC microgrids to increase resiliency and continuous operability after fault conditions. Unlike the conventional consecutive time delay-based overcurrent protection schemes, the developed technique defines a selectivity mechanism considering the RAS of the microgrid after fault instant based on feeder characteristics and the location of the IEDs. The experimental results showed a significant improvement in terms of resiliency of microgrids through protection using agent-based distributed communication.
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Amann, Nancy Hilbok. "Closed captioning as a literacy tool for deaf and hard-of-hearing middle school students." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282903.
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This study seeks to ascertain the potential influence of television closed-captioning on literacy among deaf and hard-of-hearing children. Television watching has become increasingly popular among deaf and hard-of-hearing children (Hobbs, 2005), and past studies show exciting potential for the use of closed-captioning as a literacy tool (Koskinen, Wilson & Jensema, 1985; Jensema, McCann & Ramsey, 1996). The study took place over 5 weeks and was conducted with 13 middle school students at a school for the deaf. As part of the study, the 13 students were shown 10 different 30-minute captioned video segments of different genres and interests. Prior to and after each showing, the students took pre-and-post tests containing five vocabulary words that appeared in the video shown. (Each post-test contained the same five words appearing in its corresponding pre-test.) In addition, after each showing, the students engaged in classroom discussions on the recently-viewed video program, which were observed and analyzed. The findings--and, in particular, the pre-and post-test scores--showed marked improvement in vocabulary scores after each captioned program viewing. The findings also potentially indicate that closed-captioning can expose deaf and hard-of-hearing children to new and unfamiliar words to which they otherwise would not be exposed. In addition, the post-viewing discussions indicated that, throughout the study, the students employed the tri-level literacy framework, using functional, cultural, and critical literacy. And, by discussing in American Sign Language (ASL) the recently-viewed captions, the students employed linguistic interdependence, or the use of dominant and secondary languages to reinforce development in both. Closed captioning also proved to be a useful source of "triggering" words, which generated experience and funds-of-knowledge recollection among the students. As a part of media literacy, closed-captioning is a motivating tool that teachers can use to activate prior knowledge among deaf students. In sum, this study shows that closed-captioning can positively impact literacy levels among deaf and hard-of-hearing students. Accordingly, closed-captioning can play a useful role in developing literacy, and parents and educators of deaf children should devise ways to incorporate closed-captioning as part of the deaf child's literacy environment.
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Gibbs, Joseph Thomas. "Mass communication and political change in the closed society: a qualitative assessment of glasnostʹ during the first phase of perestroika, 1985-1988." Thesis, Boston University, 1994. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/35433.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: No public access is forecasted for this work. To request access, please click on the locked Download file link and fill out the appropriate web form.
2031-01-01
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Saarinen, I. (Ilkka). "Reverse link feedback power control in pilot symbol assisted systems." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514257626.
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Abstract
Reverse link feedback power control in subject to a feedback delay and in conjuction with diversity is considered over a frequency-nonselective slow Rayleigh fading channel. The transmission power of a mobile station is adjusted as a function of fed back estimated channel state information, so that the average error probability is minimized when the average transmission power is fixed. The channel state is estimated by using known, constant-power pilot symbols. In each frame, a time multiplexed pilot symbol is transmitted in addition to the antipodal data symbols. In the literature, feedback MMSE (minimum mean-square error) power control has been analyzed in the case of a random time-invariant channel. Therein the frame size was two, i.e. one data and one pilot symbol were transmitted in each frame. Also, the fading gain was estimated by a one-shot MMSE estimator. This author's main contribution is that the aforementioned analysis has been extended to a more general system model in which the frame size is arbitrary, and in which the time-variant fading gain is estimated by an optimal MMSE estimator. For power control purposes, the estimator has to be a predictor since feedback requires causality. First, in order to avoid a delay in detection, the predictor is used in both power control and detection. In the case of a frame size of two, the performance of feedback MMSE power control employing the predictor is compared to that of a system using the one-shot estimator. Then, the performance of feedback MMSE power control with an optimal frame size is evaluated. Finally, the system performance is derived when a smoother is employed in detection, and the additional effects of a feedback delay and diversity on the performance are investigated.
The performance difference between optimal (channel states are assumed to be known) and MMSE power control using a one-shot estimator is found to be significant at large signal-to-noise ratios (SNR's). This is in contradiction with the result presented earlier in the literature. The reason for the large performance difference is that the SNR of the channel estimate is small, since each estimate is computed using only one pilot symbol. The performance difference between optimal and MMSE power control with the predictor is smaller than said difference in the case of the one-shot estimator because the estimate is averaged over many pilot symbols. It is also observed that the lag error of the estimator considerably reduces the benefit of MMSE power control, even when the channel changes very slowly. To diminish the lag error, and to achieve good performance, a large number of estimator coefficients is required. It is well known that fixed-step adjustment closed loop power control attempts to compensate for all changes caused by the channel. In contrast, according to Monte Carlo simulations, MMSE power control did not attempt to compensate for the deepest fades. At other time instants, it strives to set the received SNR to an approximately constant level, which depends on the bit-error rate (BER) target. Increasing the frame size from the value of two not only improves the spectrum utilization, but was also shown to yield better performance for the pilot symbol system with MMSE power control over a slowly fading channel. Also, a clear performance improvement was achieved by using the smoother in detection. The performance loss resulting from a feedback delay of 10-20 % from the channel coherence time was shown to be small with reasonable BER values. Estimation errors were shown to diminish the benefit of power control when the diversity order was two, compared to the case of no diversity.
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Deike, William D. "Airborne protected military satellite communications : analysis of open-loop pointing and closed-loop tracking with noisy platform attitude information." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85767.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 159-162).
U.S. military assets' increasing need for secure global communications has led to the design and fabrication of airborne satellite communication terminals that operate under protected security protocol. Protected transmission limits the closed-loop tracking options to eliminate pointing error in the open-loop pointing solution. In an airborne environment, aircraft disturbances and noisy attitude information affect the open-loop pointing performance. This thesis analyzes the open-loop pointing and closed-loop tracking performance in the presence of open-loop pointing error and uncertainty in the received signal to assess hardware options relative to performance requirements. Results from the open-loop analysis demonstrate unexplained harmonics at integer frequencies while the aircraft is banked, azimuth and elevation errors independent of the inertial pointing vector and aircraft's yaw angle, and uncorrelated azimuth and elevation errors for aircraft pitch and roll angles of +/-10° and +/-30°, respectively. Several conclusions are drawn from the closed-loop tracking analysis. The distribution of the average noise power has a stronger influence than the distribution of the received isotropic power on the signal-to-noise ratio distribution. The defined step-tracking algorithm reduces pointing error in the open-loop pointing solution for a pedestal experiencing aircraft disturbances and random errors from the GPS/INS. The rate of performance improvement as a function of the number of hops is independent of the antenna aperture size and the GPS/INS unit. Pointing performance relative to the HPBW is independent of the antenna aperture size and GPS/INS unit for on-boresight, but not for off-boresight. With signal-to-noise ratios averaged over 100 hops and pointing biases less than or equal to 0.5 the half-power beamwidth, the step-tracking algorithm reduces the pointing error to within 0.1 the half-power beamwidth of the boresight, for all tested configurations. The overall system performance is bounded by the open-loop pointing solution, which is based on hardware selection. Closed-loop tracking performance is a function of the number of sampled hops and is for the most part independent of the hardware selection.
by William D. Deike.
S.M.
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Sarr, Ndéye Bineta. "Communications protocols for wireless sensor networks in perturbed environment." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2255/document.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine du Smart Grid. Les SGs améliorent la sécurité des réseaux électriques et permettent une utilisation adaptée de l'énergie disponible de manière limitée. Ils augmentent également l'efficacité énergétique globale en réduisant la consommation. L'utilisation de cette technologie est la solution la plus appropriée car elle permet une gestion plus efficace de l'énergie. Dans ce contexte, des compagnies comme Hydro-Québec déploient des réseaux de capteurs pour contrôler les principaux équipements. Pour réduire les coûts de déploiement et la complexité du câblage, un réseau de capteurs semble être une solution optimale. Cependant, son déploiement nécessite une connaissance approfondie de l'environnement. Les postes à haute tension sont des points stratégiques du réseau électrique et génèrent un bruit impulsif qui dégrade les performances des communications sans fil. Les travaux dans cette thèse sont centrés sur le développement de protocoles de communication performants dans ces milieux fortement perturbés. Nous avons proposé une première approche basée sur la concaténation du code à métrique de rang et le code convolutif avec la modulation OFDM. C'est une technique très efficace pour réduire l'effet du bruit impulsif tout en ayant un niveau de complexité assez faible. Une autre solution basée sur un système multi-antennaire est développée. Nous avons aussi proposé un système MIMO coopératif codé en boucle fermée basée sur le code à métrique de rang et le précodeur max-dmin. La deuxième technique est également une solution optimale pour améliorer la fiabilité du système et réduire la consommation énergétique dans les réseaux de capteursThis thesis is mainly in the Smart Grid domain. SGs improve the safety of electrical networks and allow a more adapted use of electricity storage, available in a limited way. SGs also increase overall energy efficiency by reducing peak consumption. The use of this technology is the most appropriate solution because it allows more efficient energy management. In this context, manufacturers such as Hydro-Quebec deploy sensor networks in the nerve centers to control major equipment. To reduce deployment costs and cabling complexity, the option of a wireless sensor network seems the most obvious solution. However, deploying a sensor network requires in-depth knowledge of the environment. High voltages substations are strategic points in the power grid and generate impulse noise that can degrade the performance of wireless communications. The works in this thesis are focused on the development of high performance communication protocols for the profoundly disturbed environments. For this purpose, we have proposed an approach based on the concatenation of rank metric and convolutional coding with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. This technique is very efficient in reducing the bursty nature of impulsive noise while having a quite low level of complexity. Another solution based on a multi-antenna system is also designed. We have proposed a cooperative closed-loop coded MIMO system based on rank metric code and max-dmin precoder. The second technique is also an optimal solution for both improving the reliability of the system and energy saving in wireless sensor networks
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Sitter, Deanna-Lea Carleton University Dissertation Law. "Sexual harassment and communication; opening a closed discourse." Ottawa, 1996.
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Pound, David S. "Contribution of digitized communications to the Extended Close Battlefield." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA285527.
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Sarin, Anika. "open / close: assimilating immersive spaces in visual communication." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4876.
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I am interested in two spaces obverse to each other: open and closed. An open space develops organically based on how people inhabit it. Interacting with an open space is a dynamic, sporadic, multisensory, immersive, and subjective experience. In such spaces, we are confronted with an alternative aesthetic, one that is in conflict with the seamlessness of a closed space. A closed space is anchored on definite variables like structure, use and boundaries. While interaction between people and space is important, the space is tightly controlled and interaction is designed. Through this thesis project, I present a method that metaphorically transforms the experience of a walk through a closed space into an open-ended and immersive experience.
When space develops as a response to our actions, it affords intimacy and a sense of belonging. It facilitates deeper expressiveness through engagement. By applying a method that uses fragmentation, recurrence and motion, I am metaphorically transforming an urban closed space to open. Through this transformation I am creating a fresh person-space dialogue that temporarily destabilizes perception and encourages physical sensation which allows for an intimate experience of the space. An immersive interaction with an open space transgresses the urban sterility of a closed space and is capable of creating a diversity of distinct experiences.
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Alvarez, Jörgensen Kristian, and Michael Chlebek. "Near ultrasonic close range communication for modern smartphones." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211715.
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NFC is a technology that allows close-range communication between mobile devices. Unfortunately, not all modern smartphones have the required API’s or hardware to utilize it. This thesis seeks therefore to develop a viable alternative to NFC for close range communication (less than 10 cm) between mobile smart phones. The goal is to evaluate the feasibility of using a novel scheme that utilizes near ultrasonic frequencies for close range communication for both Android and iOS.An iPhone and an Android device were used to test our proposed scheme. Range test were preformed on a quiet and noisy environment (food court in a shopping mall), and an interference test was done in the quiet environment. The scheme was shown to work in the tested quiet and noisy environment for ranges less than 1 cm. In the noisy environment, significant data loss happened at 5 cm for the tested android device, while data was somewhat reliably received at up to 10 cm in a quiet environment among both tested devices. Our tests also show that concurrently communicating devices spaced at least 110 cm away will not interfere with each other.Our findings show that the proposed scheme could be a viable alternative for close range communication. By employing an error correcting code, tolerance to data loss could be improved. Using a different modulation technique is also advisable in order to improve the data transfer rate.For future work, we suggest testing the near ultrasonic capabilities of a wider array of devices in order to determine the usefulness of the proposed scheme.NFC är en teknologi som tillåter kommunikation på korta avstånd mellan mobila enheter. Dessvärre finns det enheter som saknar hårdvarustöd för NFC samt att vissa enheter inte har denna funktionalitet tillgänglig för apputvecklare. Denna uppsats försöker därför att utveckla ett gångbart alternativ till NFC som möjliggör kommunikation på korta avstånd mellan mobila enheter. Målet med uppsatsen är att undersöka utförbarheten av utvecklandet av ett schema som använder frekvenser som ligger nära ultraljudsspektrumet för att tillhandahålla kommunikation på korta avstånd för både Android och iOS.En Android och en iPhone enhet användes för att testa schemat. Ett avståndstest utfördes i både en tyst och en bullrig miljö (restaurangtorg i en köpcenter), samt ett inteferenstest som gjordes i en tyst miljö. Vårt utvecklade schema har påvisats fungera i både den tysta och bullriga miljö vi testade i, på avstånd kortare än 1 cm. I den bullriga miljön försämrades överföringsmöjligheterna avsevärt på ett avstånd av 5 cm för den Android enhet vi testade på, medan avstånd på upp till 10 cm var gångbara i den tysta miljön vi testade i. Våra test visade även på att enheter positionerade minst 110 cm bort ifrån varandra kan kommunicera samtidigt utan att störa varandra.Våra resultat visar på att vårt schema skulle kunna fungera för kommunikation på korta avstånd. Användandet av felkorrigerande koder skulle kunna förbättra schemats tolerans mot dataförluster. Användandet av en alternativ moduleringsteknik är också att föreslå för att förbättra överföringshastigheten.För framtida arbeten anser vi att förmågan att producera frekvenser som ligger nära ultraljudsspektrumet bör undersökas hos en större mängd mobila enheter, för att fastställa användbarheten av det föreslagna schemat.
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Morin, David Thomas. "Come a Little Closer: Examining Spillover Priming Effects from a Network Perspective." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1364988241.
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Elisei, Frédéric. "Clones 3D pour communication audio et vidéo." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004829.
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Pour la téléconférence, on peut remplacer l'image des correspondants distants par des modèles 3D animés de leurs visages. En plus de taux de compression avantageux, cette approche offre les libertés du virtuel : on peut par exemple composer à l'écran l'impression d'un lieu unique, virtuel, où débattent les représentants 3D. Cette thèse présente un algorithme de rendu spécifique, applicable à des clones 3D photo-réalistes de visages. En restreignant les angles de vue autorisés, il permet un rendu simple et rapide, même avec des ordinateurs peu puissants ou sur des machines virtuelles. On propose aussi une architecture de régie automatique, reliée à des caméras virtuelles qui réagissent aux interventions des participants et en proposent une image synthétique. En alternant plusieurs vues (éventuellement partielles) de la scène, on autorise plus de participants simultanés, sans compromettre la qualité de l'image proposée ni l'intelligibilité du débat restitué. Automatique, cette approche libère l'utilisateur du système, qui peut se concentrer sur un débat rendu plus attractif, à la fois comme spectateur et comme participant. Cette thèse rend aussi compte de la réalisation d'un prototype de communication qui intègre les éléments précédents et permet de juger la qualité de la communication obtenue. À cette occasion, l'utilisation d'un environnement sonore qui intègre les interventions distantes et leur localisation (dans ou hors de l'image) est discutée, avec plusieurs expérimentations sur l'association entre l'image et le son spatialisé. Enfin, on introduit une solution hybride (3D et vidéo) pour animer les clones des visages. En incrustant à la surface d'un clone statique l'image des yeux, des sourcils et de la bouche vues par une caméra, on laisse aux spectateurs la responsabilité d'interpréter les expressions originales, dans toute leur dimension vidéo (forte résolution spatiale et temporelle). Un second prototype permet de juger de l'empathie visuelle.
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Sarmenta, Luis Francisco G. (Luis Francisco Gumaru). "Synchronous communication techniques for rationally clocked systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37775.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-205).
by Luis Francisco G. Sarmenta.
M.S.
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Goddard, Gabrielle, and William Gummesson. "Communication in the resuscitation room." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-4099.
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The emergency nurse specialist provides advanced nursing care to critically ill patients in the emergency care setting. The resuscitation room at the emergency department is where critically ill patients are treated and cared for. It is fundamental for nurses to create an opportunity for patients to participate in their given care. Person centered care sees the person as an individual and requires nurses to work from the individual's need, and not only as a person with a medical condition. Including the patient in clinical decisions and making them a part of the team is vital for person centered care. Communication with the nurse specialist, patient and family is a necessary prerequisite for person centered care. Poor communication amounts to almost 70 percent of deviation rapports. Standardised means of communication amongst healthcare staff have been put in place to reduce these risks. The use of closed loop communication can have significant reductions in errors made when caring for critically ill patients. The aim of the study was to observe communication in the resuscitation room. The study used a quantitative research design. Ten real-time observations were conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. Two observers were present in the resuscitation room using an observational sheet to document communication. Closed loop communication was not seen to be used by all healthcare staff and was found to be dependent on the team working. Communication with the patient was the highest overall documented speech in the resuscitation room, which could suggest good patient participation. The results show predominantly positive amounts of time spent communicating with the patient. Whereas closed loop communication was used equally as much as non-closed loop communication.Sjuksköterskor med specialistutbildning inom akutsjukvård ger avancerad omvårdnad till kritiskt sjuka patienter i en akutvårdskontext. Kritiskt sjuka patienten ges omvårdnad och medicinsk vård på akutmottagningen i ett akutrum. Det är grundläggande för sjuksköterskan att i akutrummet skapa en möjlighet för patienten att vara delaktig i sin egen vård. Personcentrerad vård bidrar till det att skapa den möjligheten och är ett förhållningssätt där patienten ses som en individ med individuella behov och inte enbart som en person med en medicinsk åkomma. Att inkludera patienten i kliniskt beslutsfattande och göra den till en del av teamet är grundläggande inom den personcentrerade vården och kommunikationen mellan akutsjuksköterskan, patienten och familjen är av största vikt. Dålig kommunikation bidrar även till att patientsäkerheten försämras och 70 % av alla avvikelserapporteringar innefattar bristfällig kommunikation. Därför används standardiserad kommunikation mellan sjukvårdspersonal för att minska risken för bristfällig kommunikation. Användandet av closed loop kommunikation kan bidra till att kommunikationen vid vårdande av kritiskt sjuka patienter förbättras vilket minskar risken för misstag. Syftet med studien var att observera kommunikation på akutrummet Studien använde en kvantitativ forskningsdesign. Tio realtidsobservationer utfördes på ett akutsjukhus i Stockholm, Sverige. Två observatörer var närvarande på akutrummet och observerade kommunikation med hjälp av ett verktyg skapat för ändamålet. Closed loop kommunikation användes inte av all vårdpersonal utan var beroende av vilket larmteam som tjänstgjorde. Andelen kommunikation med patienten var den högst mätta parametern gällande tal på akutrummet vilket skulle kunna tyda på god patientdelaktighet. Resultatet visar en övervägande positiv andel tid som spenderas genom att kommunicera med patienten på akutrummet. Användandet av closed loop kommunikation var lika vanligt som kommunikation som inte kategoriseras som closed loop.
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Riggs, Nicholas Andrew. "Improvising Close Relationships: A Relational Perspective on Vulnerability." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6368.
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In this dissertation, I study the way couples improvise relationships together. I define improvisation as a kind of performance that leads to an interpretive practice where people develop the meanings of their relationships as they perform. Participating in a performance ethnography, my romantic partner, myself, and three other couples reflect on the way we perform together on stage. Adapting the popular improv performance format “Armando” and utilizing post-performance focus groups, I observe how the couples strive to make meaning together and negotiate a joint-perspective about how they played. Ultimately, I argue that attending to the way a couple improvises their relationship off stage can provide key insights into the communication patterns that allow them to share vulnerable experiences and grow close. In the end, I discuss ways that improv techniques and philosophies have informed and guided my own romantic relationship.
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Riggs, Nicholas A. "Improvising Close Relationships: A Relational Perspective on Vulnerability." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6789.
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In this dissertation, I study the way couples improvise relationships together. I define improvisation as a kind of performance that leads to an interpretive practice where people develop the meanings of their relationships as they perform. Participating in a performance ethnography, my romantic partner, myself, and three other couples reflect on the way we perform together on stage. Adapting the popular improv performance format “Armando” and utilizing post-performance focus groups, I observe how the couples strive to make meaning together and negotiate a joint-perspective about how they played. Ultimately, I argue that attending to the way a couple improvises their relationship off stage can provide key insights into the communication patterns that allow them to share vulnerable experiences and grow close. In the end, I discuss ways that improv techniques and philosophies have informed and guided my own romantic relationship.
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Riggs, Nicholas. "Improvising Close Relationships: A Relational Perspective on Vulnerability." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6937.
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In this dissertation, I study the way couples improvise relationships together. I define improvisation as a kind of performance that leads to an interpretive practice where people develop the meanings of their relationships as they perform. Participating in a performance ethnography, my romantic partner, myself, and three other couples reflect on the way we perform together on stage. Adapting the popular improv performance format “Armando” and utilizing post-performance focus groups, I observe how the couples strive to make meaning together and negotiate a joint-perspective about how they played. Ultimately, I argue that attending to the way a couple improvises their relationship off stage can provide key insights into the communication patterns that allow them to share vulnerable experiences and grow close. In the end, I discuss ways that improv techniques and philosophies have informed and guided my own romantic relationship.
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Sung, Joon Hyun. "Transmitter Strategies for Closed-Loop MIMO-OFDM." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5029.
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This thesis concerns communication across channels with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Specifically, we consider the closed-loop scenario in which knowledge of the state of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel is available at the transmitter. We show how this knowledge can be exploited to optimize performance, as measured by the zero-outage capacity, which is the capacity corresponding to zero outage probability. On at-fading channels, a closed-loop transmitter allocates different powers and rates to the multiple channel inputs so as to maximize zero-outage capacity. Frequency-selective fading channels call for a combination of orthogonal-frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and MIMO known as MIMO-OFDM. This exacerbates the allocation problem because it multiplies the number of allocation dimensions by the number of OFDM tones. Fortunately, this thesis demonstrates that simple allocations are sufficient to approach the zero-outage capacity. These simple strategies exploit the tendency for random MIMO channels to behave deterministically as the number of inputs becomes large.
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Bai, Zijian [Verfasser]. "Interference-Aware Receiver Design for Closed-Loop MU-MIMO Transmission in Mobile Communication Systems / Zijian Bai." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075409381/34.
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Yang, Jiani, and Zhouni Lin. "Starting to close the communication gap in Technology transfer to the PRC." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12512.
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Title: “Starting to close the communication gap in technology transfer to the PRC” Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration Author: Jiani Yang, Zhouni Lin Supervisor: Ernst HOLLANDER Examiner: Akmal HYDER Date: 2012-May Purpose — We have double purpose of promoting SME’s involvement in PRC’s development and technology transfer for sustainability in this research. From the double perspective of Chinese business economics and long run cooperation with Swedish enterprises, we investigate and analysis the main problems faced by SMEs when taking technology transfer to China. By doing this to help SMEs to overcome the barriers during technology transfer and promote the international technology transfer cooperation in the long run, as well as appeal technology transfer agencies to adopt a holistic approach to help SMEs to plan and implement technology transfer projects effectively and sustainably. Design/methodology/approach — We use the technology transfer project in China’s sewage market as our research case to illustrate our research problems. The discussion is based on the existing literatures regarding technology transfer, former researches and authentic cases about technology transfer to China, and interviews with relevant people. Findings — The findings indicates there is huge potential business opportunities in China’s sewage treatment market. Information transparency plays a critical role to foster the cooperation between transferor and transfers, as well as promoting SME’s involvement in China. Get directly to the leader taking the decisions is one effective way to get access to China’s market in short term. Communication gap becomes one of the main concerns for SMEs when taking technology transfer to China. In mid-term, organize workshop, get to learn with the local employee, promote the understanding between each other; get to the person who is capable to understand the technology and its effect is necessary; For the long run cooperation, technology transfer process transparency needs to be improved. Originality/value — This paper is of value through draw out the fact of common problems of taking technology transfer to China’s sewage market and analysis the reason. Transparency problem during the technology transfer process is drawn and analyzed. Key points for accessing China’s market by SMEs are produced.
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Perchalski, Steven Joseph. "Shipboard sensor closed-loop calibration using wireless LANs and DataSocket transport protocols." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FPerchalski.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Xiaoping Yun, Fotis Papoulias. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82). Also available online.
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Adams, Tony E. "Learning, Living, and Leaving the Closet: Making Gay Identity Relational." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002603.
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Kellogg, Andrew. "Closeted Channels: Trends of Sexual-Minority Characters on Primetime Television." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1399889530.
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Aisha, Tengku Siti. "Close Friendship Maintenance on Facebook: The Relationship between Dialectical Contradictions, Facebook Relational Maintenance Behaviors, and Relationship Satisfaction in the U.S. and Malaysia." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1416815216.
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Cruz, Maria do CÃu Studart Matos. "The press of Closed Pension Funds, according to the proposal Martinez." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3591.
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Public Relation in Privately-Held Pension Funds are the aim of this research, specifically in what concerns to its implantation and administration, in the light of Professor Maria Regina Esteves proposals. Theoretical sources with respect to Public and Private Pension Funds, Marketing, Communication, Communication Room and Public Relation are analyzed and presented. A field survey was undertaken, involving 83 Privately-Held Pension Funds, objecting quantitative perception. Conclusions points to the fact that most of Privately-Held Pension Funds do not have Public Relation. Nevertheless, organizations that possess them design structures and actions appropriated to the fulfillment of its institutional role, in line with Professor Martinez proposals. However, currently, the research returns the perception that Public Relation is still an area not well appraised by the Privately- Held Pension Funds.As Assessorias de Imprensa nas Entidades Fechadas de PrevidÃncia Privada (EFPC) sÃo o foco desta pesquisa, especificamente no que concerne à sua implantaÃÃo e administraÃÃo, à luz de proposiÃÃes elaboradas pela Professoa Maria Regina Esteves Martinez. Teoricamente, sÃo apresentados estudos referenciais sobre PrevidÃncia Social e Complementar, Marketing, ComunicaÃÃo, Assessoria de ComunicaÃÃo e Assessoria de Imprensa. Em pesquisa de campo, do tipo levantamento, foram envolvidas 83 EFPCs, objetivando percepÃÃo quantitativa. O resultado demonstra que a maioria das EFPCs nÃo possui Assessoria de Imprensa. Todavia, as entidades que as tÃm possuem estruturas e aÃÃes apropriadas ao cumprimento do seu papel institucional, alinhados Ãs expectativas da Professora Martinez. Atualmente, entretanto, a pesquisa indica que a Assessoria de Imprensa à uma Ãrea ainda nÃo valorizada pelas EFPCs.
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Ekberg, Sara, Linn Mellgård, and Magdalena Micko. "Local Celebrity Endorsement : Can You Go Far by Staying Close?" Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12853.
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Celebrity endorsement consists of a written or spoken statement from a publicly known person, proclaiming the benefits of some product or service. Previous research on celebrity endorsement has proved it very successful in promoting brands or companies. Even though many marketing strategies exist, it can be especially effective for newly started ventures to apply celebrity endorsement in their approach. While celebrity endorsement may be a good way to overcome weaknesses, such as liability of newness and lack of legitimacy, new ventures often cannot afford to implement this strategy. Therefore, an option to this might be local celebrity endorsement.
This thesis investigates the impact of local and well-known celebrity endorsement on communication effectiveness.
Through a quantitative study, the authors have concluded that local celebrity endorsers are perceived more trustworthy and emotionally involved in the endorsement process than well-known celebrity endorsers. Local celebrities and well-known celebrities are perceived equally expert, attractive and capable of transferring meaning to the endorsed product. Local celebrity endorsement is overall more effective than well-known celebrity endorsement in communicating the endorsement message. It can therefore be a suitable tool for newly started ventures that cannot afford to employ more expensive, well-known celebrity endorsement in their quest for gaining quick reputational capital.
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Alwardt, Nancy Curtin. "Can we talk? : Gender and age differences in self-disclosure among close friends /." View online, 1995. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998780843.pdf.
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Lockyer, David S. "Reconfigurable and closely coupled frequency selective surfaces." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6828.
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The performance of a planar Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) cannot be changed or adapted once the manufacturing process has been completed. In practice, however, it would be advantageous to be able to do so, in order to increase flexibility of performance in multiband systems for example. This thesis examines a novel electromagnetict echniquet hat has beend eveloped,w hereby the frequencya nd/or the angular response of FSS's can be tuned in situ over a wide range of frequencies and/or steering angles. The technique employed is passive and relies upon the displacemento f closely separated( and therefore closely coupled) arrays with respect to each other. A global loading of the array results so that the reconfigurable FSS (RFSS) will produce a broadband and/or multibeam response without altering the individual array design. The experience and understanding gained during this work was subsequently used to produce FSS responses of extreme angular stability. In this case a static, double layer structure has been used to make use of the high coupling between the layers i.e. two FSS's printed on a single dielectric substrate to form a close coupled FSS (CCFSS). It was found that the coupling between the two layers was highly dependent on the relative displacement between arrays. This displacement is introduced statically during the manufacture of the FSS. The cases described use two identical layers. A further development of this concept makes use of complementary conducting and aperture elements giving rise to a complementary FSS (CFSS). The CFSS is also manufactured on a common dielectric and produces ultra stable resonant frequencies for both TE and TM oblique incidences. Theoretical verification of the measured results has been achieved, and the measured and predicted results agreed very closely. Modal analysis, using a novel coupled integral equation technique, has been used to predict the response of the RFSS and CFSS. The correlation between the predicted and measured transmission response of the RFSS was very good and it was discovered that operational stability of the bandwidths and band spacing ratios were significantly improved over conventional static FSS.
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Iannarino, Nicholas Thomas. "Social Support in Young Adult Cancer Survivors and Their Close Social Network Members." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/27.
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A cancer diagnosis often causes biographical disruption in the lives of young adult (i.e., 18-39; YA) survivors and their close social network members (i.e., familial, plutonic, or romantic relational partners with whom the survivor has a salient relationship; SNM). In order to integrate their illness into their lives, normatively regain balance and equilibrium, and achieve a “new normal” following a cancer diagnosis, YA survivors and their close SNMs must work to reconstruct their biographies by engaging in tangible interpersonal communication processes often used to initiate and maintain relationships. However, YA cancer survivors report facing social struggles due to the biographical disruption of their illness across the trajectory of diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship.
To learn more about their unique social experience of cancer, I conducted private, open-ended narrative interviews with 20 YA survivor-close SNM dyads, 1 YA survivor-SNM close triad, and 10 individual YA survivors (N = 51). I used thematic narrative analysis to determine how and why YA cancer survivors and their close SNMs communicate social support messages with romantic partners, family, friends, peers, and one another. By examining the narratives of YA survivors, their close SNMs, and the dyad itself, this dissertation explores the interpersonal communication processes used to initiate and maintain relationships across the illness trajectory by focusing on the barriers and facilitators these individuals experience in the communication of social support.
Through their individual narrative accounts, YA survivors explained why and how they perceived various support attempts from others to be positive or negative, and their close SNMs detailed their attempts to navigate the YA’s larger support network and assume the duties inherent in their newly-adopted “top supporter” role. In addition, reports from YAs and their SNMs revealed that they often engaged in mutual pretense, a unique and often unsustainable form of support that occurred between YA survivors and their close SNMs involving topic avoidance and emotional management. Implications for the advancement of interpersonal communication theory and for practical intervention targeting YA patients and survivors, their close SNMs, and medical practitioners are also discussed.
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Osborn, Jeremy Lee. "Need fulfillment, well-being, and close relationships: Defining and testing interpersonal need compatibility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290044.
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Compatibility is a concept that has enjoyed considerable attention in the arena of close relationship research and has emerged as a consistent factor in the experience of positive relational outcomes such as relationship satisfaction and stability. Despite this attention, however, the treatment of compatibility has generally been limited to domains specific to the studies in which it has been utilized. The present study sought to integrate research and theory in two distinct domains, need fulfillment and compatibility, in an attempt to provide an overarching explanation for findings linking compatibility to relational outcomes based on interpersonal need fulfillment. This task involved two distinct, but related, domains. First, general associations among interpersonal need fulfillment, well-being, and social network structure were examined in an attempt to develop a more refined understanding of the interaction between need fulfillment and specific relationships with respect to overall effects on well-being. Analyses were confined to the consideration of interpersonal needs (those requiring others for fulfillment) and relied on the three-dimensional model proposed by Schutz (1966) and comprised of needs for affection, inclusion, and control. Second, need fulfillment was examined in the context of exclusive romantic relationships, and a form of compatibility based on the interpersonal need levels of the partners was introduced and posited to represent an overarching form of compatibility and a major predictor of relationship satisfaction. Analyses involved 91 couples involved in exclusive romantic relationships and 105 individuals who were not involved in exclusive relationships at the time. Results indicated that interpersonal need fulfillment plays an important role in the experience of overall well-being. Furthermore, the fulfillment of specific needs and the experience of well-being were associated with the presence of certain relationships in one's social network (specifically an exclusive romantic relationship). Interpersonal need compatibility in the areas of inclusion and control was found to be a significant predictor of relationship satisfaction, supporting the validity of the interpersonal need compatibility construct. Overall, the proposed framework demonstrated utility value, and important insights regarding need fulfillment and network structure emerged, but additional research is needed to fully understand the interplay of these factors.
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Joona, Bergström Johanna. "”Are you watching closely?”." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Bildproduktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-20517.
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Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur klippning har bidragit till att förstärka det vilseledande narrativet i filmen The Prestige (2006). Tre scener som anses vara betydelsefulla för filmens vilseledande narrativ har analyserats, för att fastställa vad som händer med berättandet i filmen när olika klipptekniker används och hur klippningen bygger upp den här typen av narrativ. Med hjälp av Kleckers forskning om vilseledande narrativ, Bordwell och Thompsons teori kring hur tid kan manipuleras genom klippning och Corrigan och Whites teori om olika klipptekniker, undersöker uppsatsen hur det vilseledande narrativet är strukturerat genom klippning. Resultatet visar på att det går att konstatera att klippningen i The Prestige har bidragit till att framhäva det vilseledande narrativet. Genom användningen av olika klipptekniker, har berättandet i filmen lyckats vilseleda publikens uppmärksamhet. Tack vare blandningen av de olika teknikerna undanhålls viktig information från betraktaren, vilket är avgörande för att ett vilseledande narrativ ska fungera.
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Jakubčiaková, Alexandra Klaudia. ""As close as possible" - Sustainable Tourist Behaviour as Defined by Lifestyle Entrepreneurs : The Case of South-east Iceland." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446110.
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This thesis project studied how a tourism campaign using the tool of nudging can be created. The objectives of the research were to identify what sustainable practices do the lifestyle entrepreneurs in Iceland conduct, and on the contrary, which activities of tourists they perceive as unsustainable. This was done in order to gain understanding into how tourism organisations can promote the lifestyles of the locals, promote adapting these behaviours as gaining authentic experiences, in order to avoid undesired behaviour of tourists, especially those actions conducted due to lack of education and awareness. The student moreover studied which techniques are the most suitable for the promotion of authentic experiences, and how a campaign of this kind can be adapted by relevant organisations. The research was done using the qualitative research method in combination with desk research and secondary data analysis. The results of the research show that activities such as recycling, eating seasonal and local products, together with experiencing freedom through business activities and closeness to family and community played a dominant role in the lives of the interviewed subjects. Besides that, the student found out it is especially relevant to focus on winter tourists, to promote the campaign through visuals that represent the reality fully and display sustainability in a sustainably managed environment. The overall outcomes of this thesis relate to showcasing the concepts of freedom, mindfulness and thinking local.
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Dahl-Hansen, Sandra Hasselknippe. "UP CLOSE AND PROFESSIONAL : A Case Study of Norway's Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg's Communication on Social Media." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-91003.
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It did not take too long before the politicians found the social media sites Twitter and Facebook as good ways to connect to the people and spread their politics. However, due to the somewhat personal origin of these sites, how much of their personal lives do they include within their political reasons for being there? How do they balance the combination of presenting their political and professional self and the personal self? That is what this thesis aim to find out. This is not the first research about political communication on social media, but most of the research in this field has focused on the social media communication during an election. This research however, aims to expand this knowledge by gathering material from a non-election period in order to investigate the day-to-day political communication on social media. Due to the length and structure of this thesis I limit my aim and topic to investigating one politicians social media use and thereby making it a case study. Using an interpretive coding with a grounded approach method I investigated Norway’s Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg’s communication on Twitter and Facebook during the year 2012. By applying theories about visibility, the presentation of the self, image creation and political communication, the aim is to understand how Stoltenberg use these social media sites. The focus will be on the content of the communication, the mentioned balance between the professional politician and the personal person, and lastly what of these that create the most engagement from the followers in terms of “likes” and retweets. I find and argue that the balance between the Twitter and Facebook content is relatively even, consisting mostly of professional and informational content, while the balance between the professional Stoltenberg and the personal Jens is uneven in favour for the professional. However, due to Stoltenberg’s popular appeal and “folkelig” image, the person Jens Stoltenberg becomes visible on the sites as well.
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Shlomo, Gross Mihaela. "I’m OK”: Levels of Communication and Trauma Recovery in Jonathan Safran Foer’s Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113422.
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Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close stands out from the nationalistic-toned American “9/11 novels”. It depicts the story of a young boy and his grandparents who are left with the aftermath of losing a loved one in the attack on the twin towers. However, the complexity of the three main characters and the depth of their individual and common traumas make the novel go beyond the usual nationalistic 9/11 narrative and focus on the personal and, consequently, the national trauma. This essay analyses the possibility of coping with and recovering from trauma through communication. Dominick LaCapra’s trauma theory notions of “working through” and “acting out”, as well as other traumatic memory research highlight the necessity of utterance in order to overcome trauma and to attempt an existence beyond it. In the instance of the three traumatized characters of the novel, the confessional language is entangled, broken and sometimes muted. This makes the recovery difficult in the case of the grandparents, almost impossible for the character of Grandpa. When it comes to the young boy, Oskar Schell, a more successful communication seems to open up the possibility of mental healing. These personal traumas are a reflection of a broader American trauma where an obsessive “rememoration” of the September 11 events and one-sided, revenge loaded public discourse do not seem to facilitate the national healing process. On all these levels, personal and community, the need and the difficult attempt to communicate the trauma of 9/11 does not necessarily grant recovery from it, but it facilitates a desired “working though” process.
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Irshad, Yasir. "Some problems of modeling and parameter estimation in continous-time for control and communication." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för fysik och elektroteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7128.
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Stochastic system identification is of great interest in the areas of control and communication. In stochastic system identification, a model of a dynamic system is determined based on given inputs and received outputs from the system, where stochastic uncertainties are also involved. The scope of the report is to consider continuous-time models used within control and communication and to estimate the model parameters from sampled data with high accuracy in a computational efficient way. Continuous-time models of systems controlled in a networked environment, stochastic closed-loop systems, and wireless channels are considered. The parameters of a transfer function based model for the process in a networked control system are first estimated by a covariance function based approach, relying upon the second order statistical properties of the output signal. Some other approaches for estimating the parameters of continuous-time models for processes in networked environments are also considered. Further, the parameters of continuous-time autoregressive exogenous models are estimated from closed-loop filtered data, where the controllers in the closed-loop are of proportional and proportional integral type, and where the closed-loop also contains a time-delay. Moreover, a stochastic differential equation is derived for Jakes's wireless channel model, describing the dynamics of a scattered electric field with the moving receiver incorporating a Doppler shift.Article I was still in manuscript form at the time of the defense.
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Lundberg, Fredrik. "How does asymmetric latency in a closed network affect audio signals and strategies for dealing with asymmetric latency." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Medier ljudteknik och upplevelseproduktion och teater, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69065.
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This study investigates Audio over IP. A stress test was used to see what impact asymmetric latency had on the audio signal in a closed network. The study was constructed into two parts. The first part is the stress test where two AoIP solutions were tested. The two solutions where exposed in two forms of asymmetric latency. First a fixed value was used, next, a custom script was used to simulate changing values of asymmetric latency. The second part of this study involved interviews that where conducted with representatives from the audio industry that are working with audio over IP on a dayto-day usage. The goal for these interviews was to figure out what knowledge the audio industry had about asymmetric latency, if the industry had experienced problems related to latency and what general knowledge the industry has about networks. It was found in the interviews that the limitation in AoIP isn’t the technology in itself but rather missing knowledge with the people that are using the systems.
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Le, Mer Pascal. "Modèle de communication homme-clone-homme pour les environnements virtuels collaboratifs non-immersifs." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-191.pdf.
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Ward-Barnes, Ava Katherine. "Media Literacy in the United States: A Close Look at Texas." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/58.
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It is difficult to deny the ubiquitous nature of our mediated landscape in the United States. With the plethora of mediated messages come media related risks for children. Training in media literacy is one way to combat these risks. Unfortunately, most American public school media literacy standards are in need of improvement. This project examines how media literacy functions in American K-12 public schools. It not only applies a standard of assessment for media literacy standards, but also provides a synopsis of the range of advanced to poor programs across the country. Then, suggestions for improving lacking programs are revealed in a case study on Texas’ advanced media literacy program.
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Ewelle, Ewelle Richard. "Adapter les communications des jeux dans le cloud." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS145/document.
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Le Cloud computing émerge comme le nouveau paradigme informatique dans lequel la virtualisation des ressources fournit des services fiables correspondant aux demandes des utilisateurs. De nos jours, la plupart des applications interactives et utilisant beaucoup de données sont développées sur le cloud: Le jeu vidéo en est un exemple. Avec l'arrivée du cloud computing, l'accessibilité et l'ubiquité du jeu ont un brillant avenir; Les jeux peuvent être hébergés dans un serveur centralisé et accessibles via l'Internet par un client léger sur une grande variété de dispositifs avec des capacités modestes : c'est le cloud gaming. Le Cloud computing, dans le contexte de jeu vidéo a beaucoup attiré l'attention en raison de ses facilités d'évolution, de disponibilité et capacité de calcul. Cependant, les systèmes de cloud gaming actuels ont des exigences très fortes en termes de ressources réseau, réduisant ainsi l'accessibilité et l'ubiquité des jeux dans le cloud, car les dispositifs clients avec peu de bande passante et les personnes situées dans la zone avec des conditions de réseau limitées et/ou instables, ne peuvent pas bénéficier de ces services de cloud computing. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une technique d'adaptation inspirée par l'approche du niveau de détail (Level of detail) dans les graphiques 3D. Elle est basée sur un paradigme du cloud gaming dans l'objectif de fournir une accessibilité multi-plateforme, tout en améliorant la qualité d'expérience (QoE) du joueur en réduisant l'impact des mauvaises conditions réseau (delai, perte, gigue) sur l'interactivité et réactivité du jeu. Notre première contribution se compose de modèles de jeu reliant les objets du jeu à leurs besoins en termes de communication représentés par leurs importances dans le jeu. Nous avons ensuite fourni une approche de niveau de détail pour gérer la distribution des ressources réseau basée sur l'importance des objets dans la scène et les conditions réseau. Nous validons notre approche en utilisant des jeu prototypes et evaluons la QoE du joueur, par des expériences pilotes. Les résultats montrent que le framework proposé fournit une importante amélioration de la QoEWith the arrival of cloud computing technology, game accessibility and ubiquity havea bright future. Games can be hosted in a centralize server and accessed through theInternet by a thin client on a wide variety of devices with modest capabilities: cloudgaming. Some of the advantages of using cloud computing in game context includes:device ubiquity, computing exibility, affordable cost and lowered set up overheads andcompatibility issues. However, current cloud gaming systems have very strong requirementsin terms of network resources, thus reducing their widespread adoption. In factdevices with little bandwidth and people located in area with limited network capacity,cannot take advantage of these cloud services. In this thesis we present an adaptationtechnique inspired by the level of detail (LoD) approach in 3D graphics. It is based ona cloud gaming paradigm in other to maintain user's quality of experience (QoE) byreducing the impact of poor network parameters (delay, loss, bandwidth) on game interactivity.Our first contribution consist of game models expressing game objects and theircommunications needs represented by their importance in the game. We provided twodifferent ways to manage objects' importance using agents organizations and gameplaycomponents. We then provided a level of detail approach for managing network resourcedistribution based on objects importance in the game scene and network conditions. Weexploited the dynamic objects importance adjustment models presented above to proposeLoD systems adapting to changes during game sessions. The experimental validation ofboth adaptation models showed that the suggested adaptation minimizes the effects oflow and/or unstable network conditions in maintaining game responsiveness and player'sQoE
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Coffelt, Tina A. ""Little bits and pieces" the process of revealing sexual information in close mother-daughter relationships /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5536.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on June 2, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Irshad, Yasir. "On some continuous-time modeling and estimation problems for control and communication." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26129.
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The scope of the thesis is to estimate the parameters of continuous-time models used within control and communication from sampled data with high accuracy and in a computationally efficient way.In the thesis, continuous-time models of systems controlled in a networked environment, errors-in-variables systems, stochastic closed-loop systems, and wireless channels are considered. The parameters of a transfer function based model for the process in a networked control system are estimated by a covariance function based approach relying upon the second order statistical properties of input and output signals. Some other approaches for estimating the parameters of continuous-time models for processes in networked environments are also considered. The multiple input multiple output errors-in-variables problem is solved by means of a covariance matching algorithm. An analysis of a covariance matching method for single input single output errors-in-variables system identification is also presented. The parameters of continuous-time autoregressive exogenous models are estimated from closed-loop filtered data, where the controllers in the closed-loop are of proportional and proportional integral type, and where the closed-loop also contains a time-delay. A stochastic differential equation is derived for Jakes's wireless channel model, describing the dynamics of a scattered electric field with the moving receiver incorporating a Doppler shift.The thesis consists of five main parts, where the first part is an introduction- Parts II-IV are based on the following articles:
Part II - Networked Control Systems
1. Y. Irshad, M. Mossberg and T. Söderström. System identification in a networkedenvironment using second order statistical properties.
A versionwithout all appendices is published as Y. Irshad, M. Mossberg and T. Söderström. System identification in a networked environment using second order statistical properties. Automatica, 49(2), pages 652–659, 2013.
Some preliminary results are also published as M. Mossberg, Y. Irshad and T. Söderström. A covariance function based approachto networked system identification. In Proc. 2nd IFAC Workshop on Distributed Estimation and Control in Networked Systems, pages 127–132, Annecy,France, September 13–14, 2010
2. Y. Irshad and M. Mossberg. Some parameters estimation methods applied tonetworked control systems.A journal submission is made. Some preliminary results are published as Y. Irshad and M. Mossberg. A comparison of estimation concepts applied to networked control systems. In Proc. 19th Int. Conf. on Systems, Signals andImage Processing, pages 120–123, Vienna, Austria, April 11–13, 2012.
Part III - Errors-in-variables Identification
3. Y. Irshad and M. Mossberg. Continuous-time covariance matching for MIMOEIV system identification. A journal submission is made.
4. T. Söderström, Y. Irshad, M. Mossberg and W. X. Zheng. On the accuracy of acovariance matching method for continuous-time EIV identification. Provisionally accepted for publication in Automatica.
Some preliminary results are published as T. Söderström, Y. Irshad, M. Mossberg, and W. X. Zheng. Accuracy analysis of a covariance matching method for continuous-time errors-in-variables system identification. In Proc. 16th IFAC Symp. System Identification, pages 1383–1388, Brussels, Belgium, July 11–13, 2012.
Part IV - Wireless Channel Modeling
5. Y. Irshad and M. Mossberg. Wireless channel modeling based on stochasticdifferential equations .Some results are published as M. Mossberg and Y. Irshad. A stochastic differential equation forwireless channelsbased on Jakes’s model with time-varying phases, In Proc. 13th IEEEDigitalSignal Processing Workshop, pages 602–605, Marco Island, FL, January4–7, 2009.
Part V - Closed-loop Identification
6. Y. Irshad and M. Mossberg. Closed-loop identification of P- and PI-controlledtime-delayed stochastic systems.Some results are published as M. Mossberg and Y. Irshad. Closed-loop identific ation of stochastic models from filtered data, In Proc. IEEE Multi-conference on Systems and Control,San Antonio, TX, September 3–5, 2008
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Jähde, Paulina, and Ann-Sofie Jenkin. "Kommunikation mellan anestesisjuksköterska och anestesiolog vid induktion och intubation : En kvantitativ och kvalitativ observationsstudie." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-411754.
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Background: Communication is one of the nurse anaesthetist’s non-technical skills. In anaesthesia, potent drugs are administered during induction and intubation, therefore it is necessary that the exchange of information during these procedures are correctly perceived by the recipient. Consequently, a well-developed communication skill is part of nurse anaesthetist’s core competencies in order to maintain patient safety. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate how closed-loop communication [CLC] is used between nurse anaesthetists and anesthesiologists during induction and intubation, and to observe which environmental factors affected the communication. Method: The study had a quantitative and qualitative descriptive approach. Observation protocols inspired by CLC and Nurse Anaesthetists’ Non-Technical Skills [N-ANTS] were used during data collection of a total of 20 observations at an operation unit in Sweden. Results: The anaesthesia personnel used CLC in more than half of the observations. However, the use of CLC varied depending on whether the surgeries were planned or emergent, and which profession administered the drugs. According to N-ANTS, most of the exchanged communication was considered to be of good quality. Communication during induction and intubation was for instance, affected by preparations, roles, priorities and technical equipment and devices. Conclusion: The result indicates that the use of standardized communication methods and the minimization of distractions, increases the quality of communication and reduces the risk of interruptions during induction and intubation.
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Sant\'Ana, Fábio Sousa de. "Avaliação de desempenho de mecanismos de segurança em ambientes PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) baseados em computação em nuvem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17157/tde-29032017-162812/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: A adoção de um Sistema de Arquivamento e Distribuição de Imagens (PACS, do inglês Picture Archiving and Communication System) é condição fundamental para a estruturação de um ambiente radiológico sem filme. Um PACS é composto basicamente por equipamentos e sistemas informatizados interconectados em rede, direcionados à aquisição, armazenamento (ou arquivamento), recuperação e apresentação de imagens médicas aos especialistas responsáveis por avaliá-las e laudá-las. A computação em nuvem vem ao encontro dos PACS e surge como uma maneira de simplificar o compartilhamento de imagens entre organizações de saúde e promover a virtualização de espaços físicos e para garantir o seu funcionamento ininterrupto.Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo implementar um PACS simplificado em ambiente cloud computing privado, com foco nas funcionalidades de arquivamento e disponibilização de imagens médicas e avaliar questões de segurança e performance. Metodologia: As imagens que compuseram o PACS do ambiente cloud foram obtidas através do PACS físico atualmente em uso no Centro de Ciência das Imagens e Física Médica do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - CCIFM/HCFMRP. Para os procedimentos da avaliação de segurança foram construídos cenários que possibilitavam a: 1) anominização de dados de identificação dos pacientes através de criptografia computacional em base de dados utilizando o algoritmo de criptografia Advanced Encryption Standard - AES, 2) transferência de imagens médicas seguras através de conexão com a Internet utilizando Virtual Network Private - VPN sobre o protocolo Internet Protocol Security - IPSec (VPN/IPSec) e 3) envio seguro através de tunelamento baseado em Secure Shell - SSH. Resultados: Foi identificada uma queda de performance no envio de informações para a nuvem quando submetidos aos níveis de segurança propostos, sugerindo a relação entre aumento de segurança e perda de performance, apontando para a necessidade de estudos de desempenho quando da condução de projetos envolvam a adoção em ambientes clínicos de solução PACS baseada em cloud computing.Introduction: the adoption of a PCAS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) is fundamental for the structuring of a radiological environment without film. A PACS comprises, essentially, hardware and information systems interconnected in a network, oriented towards acquisition, storage (or archiving), retrieving and presentation of medical images to specialists entrusted with analyzing and assessing them. Cloud computing comes to support of PCAS, simplifying medical imaging sharing between health care organizations and promoting the virtualization of physical infrastructure to assure uninterrupted availability of the PCAS. Goal: This study aimed to implement a simplified PCAS in a private cloud computing environment, and subsequently to evaluate its security and performance. Methodology: The images that formed the new PCAS were obtained from the exiting PCAS of Centro de Ciência das Imagens e Física Médica of Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - CCIFM/HCFMRP. To evaluate its security, scenarios were built within the following framework: 1) patient identification data anonymization through computational database cryptography, using the AES (Advanced Encription Standards) algorithm ; 2) transfer of encrypted medical images on the Internet using VPN (Virtual Private Network) over IPSec (Internet Protocol Security); and 3) safe traffic through Secure Shell (SSH) tunneling. Results: There was a performance drop on traffic of information to the cloud under the proposed security levels that suggests a relationship between increase in security and loss of performance, pointing to the need for performance studies when the project involving driving adoption in clinical environments PACS solution based on cloud computing.
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Espínola, Brítez Laura María. "Efficient communication management in cloud environments." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666690.
Full textAbstract:
Las aplicaciones científicas con requisitos de High Performance Computing (HPC) están
migrando a entornos cloud debido a las ventajas que ofrece. El cloud computing juega un
papel importante teniendo en cuenta la potencia de computo que proporciona, debido a que
evita el costo de mantenimiento asociado a un clúster físico. Con características como la
elasticidad y el pago por uso, el cloud ayuda a los investigadores a reducir el riesgo de
adquisición de recursos físicos.
La mayoría de las aplicaciones de HPC se implementan mediante el standard Message
Passing Interface (MPI), siendo este un componente clave para tareas de computo distribuido.
Sin embargo, ejecutar aplicaciones MPI en entornos cloud tienen como principal desventaja
la pérdida de rendimiento durante la ejecución, debido a la virtualización de la red, que afecta
la latencia de las comunicaciones y el ancho de banda.
Para usar un entorno cloud con aplicaciones científicas de este tipo, se requieren mecanismos
de comunicación que permitan baja latencia. La topología de red no está disponible para los
usuarios en entornos virtualizados, lo que dificulta el uso de las optimizaciones existentes
para bare-metal clusters, basadas en la información de topología de red. En algunos casos, los
proveedores de cloud pueden migrar máquinas virtuales, lo que afecta la eficacia de las
optimizaciones de enrutamiento y los algoritmos de ubicación. Además, si no se garantiza el
aislamiento de los recursos, el intercambio de recursos puede generar un ancho de banda
variable y un rendimiento inestable.
En esta tesis se presenta Dynamic MPI Communication Balance and Management
(DMCBM), un middleware para resolver la pérdida de performance en comunicaciones de
aplicaciones HPC en cloud. DMCBM se implementa como un software intermedio entre la
aplicación de los usuarios y el entorno de ejecución. Mejora los tiempos de latencia de
comunicaciones en sistemas cloud y ayuda a los usuarios a detectar problemas de mapping y
ejecución paralela. Nuestra solución re-equilibra dinámicamente los flujos de comunicación a
niveles superiores de la pila de HPC virtualizada, sobre la capa de comunicaciones MPI, para
eliminar dinámicamente los hot-spots de comunicación y la congestión en las capas
subyacentes.
DMCBM abstrae el estado de las comunicaciones entre los procesos de la aplicación en
función de las mediciones de latencia. Este middleware caracteriza la topología de red
subyacente y analiza el comportamiento de las aplicaciones paralelas en cloud. Esto permite
detectar la congestión de la red y optimizar las comunicaciones seleccionando rutas de
comunicación alternativas entre procesos o aprovechando la migración de máquinas virtuales
en entornos cloud. Estas opciones se analizan en tiempo real y se seleccionan según el tipo de
congestión (enlace o destino). DMCBM logra un menor tiempo de ejecución de la aplicación
en caso de congestión, obteniendo un mejor rendimiento en el cloud.
Finalmente, se presentan experimentos que verifican la funcionalidad y las mejoras de
DMCBM con aplicaciones MPI en cloud públicos y privados. Los experimentos se realizaron
midiendo los tiempos de ejecución y comunicación. Para los experimentos se utilizan dos
aplicaciones: NAS Parallel Benchmarks y una aplicación real de simulación dinámica de
partículas NBody, obteniendo una mejora de hasta 10% en el tiempo de ejecución y una
reducción del tiempo de comunicación de aproximadamente 40% en escenarios de
congestión.Scientific applications with High Performance Computing (HPC) requirements are migrating to cloud environments due to the facilities that it offers. Cloud computing plays a major role considering the compute power that it provides, avoiding the cost of physical cluster maintenance. With features like elasticity and pay-per-use, it helps to reduce the researchers procurement risk. Most of HPC applications are implemented using Message Passing Interface (MPI), which is a key component in common and distributed computing tasks. However, for this kind of applications on cloud environments, the major drawback is the lost of execution performance, due to the virtualized network that affects the communications latency and bandwidth. To use a cloud environment with scientific applications of this kind, low latency communication mechanisms are required. The network topology detail is not available for users in virtualized environments, making difficult to use the existing optimizations based on network topology information done in bare-metal cluster environments. In some cases, cloud providers can migrate virtual machines, which impacts the efficiency of routing optimizations and placement algorithms. Moreover, if resource isolation is not guaranteed, resource sharing can lead to variable bandwidth and unstable performance. In this thesis a Dynamic MPI Communication Balance and Management (DMCBM) is presented, to overcome the communication challenge of HPC applications in cloud. DMCBM is implemented as a middle-ware between the users application and the execution environment. It improves message communication latency times in cloudbased systems, and helps users to detect mapping and parallel implementation issues. Our solution dynamically rebalances communication flows at higher levels of the virtualized HPC stack, e.g. over MPI communications layer, to dynamically remove communication hot-spots and congestion in the underlying layers. DMCBM abstracts the communications state between application processes based on latency measurements. This middleware characterizes the underlying network topology and analyzes parallel applications behavior in the cloud. This allows for detecting network congestion and optimizing communications by either selecting alternative communication paths between processes, or leveraging live migration of virtual machines in cloud environments. These options are analyzed in real-time and selected according to the type of congestion (link or destination). DMCBM achieves lower application execution time in case of congestion, obtaining better performance in clouds. Finally, experiments that verify the functionality and improvements of DMCBM with MPI Applications in public and private clouds are presented. The experiments where done by measuring execution and communication times. NAS Parallel Benchmarks and a real application of dynamic particles simulation NBody are used, obtaining an improvement of up to 10% in the execution time and a communication time reduction of about 40% in congestion scenarios.
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Duan, Ran. "CAN WE SAY MORE NOW? A CLOSER LOOK AT ONLINE PUBLIC OPINION CHANGE IN CHINA." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/10.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the pattern of online public opinion change in China by investigating the top one hit blog and its following commentaries of every day from July 2009 to March 2012 on a famous Chinese website, and then discussed potential factors that affected the formation of online public opinion. The extent of freedom of online public opinion during this period presented regular fluctuations. Whether criticisms were registered by commentators was influenced by four factors. First and most important, the negative tone of bloggers increased criticism and the positive tone decreased criticism, which shows that the news that flows from the media to the public is amplified and interpreted by influential bloggers according to the two-step flow theory. Second, while national and local events had no effect, international news events decreased criticism because the public strongly supported the Chinese government. This was as important as the first factor. Third, the negative tone of events discussed in blogs increased criticism, which means that the mass media did have some direct influence through negative but not positive events. And fourth, when the government censored blogs and commentaries, the public shied away from criticism because their posts would probably be removed.
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Ward, Daniel R. "Reaper – Toward Automating Mobile Cloud Communication." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1707.
Full textAbstract:
Mobile devices connected to cloud based services are becoming a mainstream method of delivery up-to-date and context aware information to users. Connecting mobile applications to cloud service require significant developer effort. Yet this communication code usually follows certain patterns, varying accordingly to the specific type of data sent and received from the server. By analyzing the causes of theses variations, we can create a system that can automate the code creation for communication from a mobile device to a cloud server. To automate code creation, a general pattern must extracted. This general solution can then be applied to any database configuration. Automating this process frees up valuable development time, allowing developers to make other parts of the application and/or backend service a better experience for the end user.
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Jarl, Martin. "Utvärdering av Interprofessionellt lärande på operationsavdelning : Med fokus på kommunikation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175376.
Full textAbstract:
Introduktion: Under de senaste 20 åren har icke-tekniska färdigheters betydelse för patientsäkerheten belysts mer och mer i forskningen. Interprofessionell utbildning med CRM som simulatorkoncept används för att träna icke-tekniska färdigheter och teamarbete men att träna under pågående operation är ovanligt. Syfte: Syftet är att utvärdera hur deltagarna upplever användandet av icke-tekniska färdigheter under en interprofessionell lärandeaktivitet på en dagkirurgisk operation. Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie med enkät som deltagarna (N=239) blev tillfrågade att svara på efter deltagande vid operation. Enkäten utvärderas deltagarnas upplevelse av kommunikation och teamarbete. Deskriptiv statistik och analys med Chi2, Wilcoxon sign rank test och Kruskal-Wallis användes. Resultat: Användandet av kommunikation inom och mellan professionerna har rankats som mycket högt av majoriteten av deltagarna i alla frågor, vid kontroll med Chi2 analys är det statistiskt signifikanta svar. Deltagarna upplever en ökad förståelse för andra professioner i teamet efter deltagande och de flesta anser att de blir en mer effektiv medlem i teamet och samt att patienter har fördel av att ett team löser patientens problem. Ingen statistisk signifikant skillnad sågs mellan professionerna. Slutsats: Träning under en pågående operation är möjligt att genomföra samt är uppskattat av deltagarna och viktigt för deras utveckling av icke-tekniska färdigheter Nyckelord: Icke-tekniska färdigheter, interprofessionellt lärande, CRM, SBAR, closed-loop-kommunikation.Introduction: During the past two decades, there has been increased interest in non-technical skills and how they affect patient safety. The number of articles published in the field has increased. Interprofessional education with the concept of CRM has been shown to be an effective way to train non-technical skills and teamwork, but training during ongoing surgery is uncommon. Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate how the participants experienced the use of non-technical skills in an interprofessional learning activity during ambulatory surgery. Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which the participants (N=239) were asked to answer an evaluation survey following ambulatory surgery, concerning their experience of communication and teamwork. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with chi-square, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyse the material. Results: The use of communication within and between the professions was ranked as very high by the majority of the participants in all the questions in the survey, and control using chi-square showed the results to be statistically significant. The participants experienced an increased understanding of the other professions in the team, and deemed that they had become more effective team members. They were also of the opinion that patients have an advantage when a medical team solves their problems. There were no statistically significant results between the professions. Conclusion: Training can be implemented during ongoing surgery. This is a popular activity with participants, and is vital for their development of non-technical skills. Keywords: Non-technical skills, interprofessional education, CRM, SBAR, closed-loop communication
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Alhumaima, Raad. "Evaluation of power consumption and trade-offs in 5G mobile communications networks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15605.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, components and parameters based power models (PMs) are produced to measure the power consumption (PC) of cloud radio access network (CRAN) architecture. In components PM, the power figure of each component within C-RAN is evaluated. After, this model is parametrised such that the computation complexity of each component is converted to a straightforward, but accurate method, called parameterised PM. This model compares cooling and total PC of traditional LTE architecture with C-RAN. This comparison considered different parameters such as, utilised bandwidth, number of antenna, base band units (BBUs) and remote radio heads (RRHs). This model draws about 33% reduction in power. Next, this PC model is updated to serve and exhibit the cost of integrating software defined networks (SDNs) with C-RAN. Alongside, modelling the power cost of the control plane units in the core network (CN), such as serving gateway (SGW), packet gateway (PGW) and mobility management entity (MME). Although there is power cost, the proposed model shows the directions to mitigate it. Consequently, a simplified PM is proposed for virtualisation based C-RAN. In this model, the power cost of server virtualisation by hosting several virtual machines (VMs) is shown, in a time and cost effective way. The total reduction in the PC was about 75%, due to short-cutting the number of active servers in the network. Alongside, the latency cost due to such technique is modelled. Finally, to enable efficient virtualisation technology, live migrating the VMs amongst the servers is vital. However, this advantageous situation is concurrent with VM's migration time and power cost. Therefore, a model is proposed to calculate the power cost of VM's live migration, and shows the effect of such decision upon the total PC of the network/C-RAN. The proposed work converts the complexity of other proposed PMs, to a simplified and costless method. Concurrently, the time cost is added to the imposed virtualisation's time cost to formulate the total delay expected prior to these techniques' execution.
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Shafabakhsh, Benyamin. "Research on Interprocess Communication in Microservices Architecture." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277940.
Full textAbstract:
With the substantial growth of cloud computing over the past decade, microservices has gained significant popularity in the industry as a new architectural pattern. It promises a cloud-native architecture that breaks large applications into a collection of small, independent, and distributed packages. Since microservices-based applications are distributed, one of the key challenges when designing an application is the choice of mechanism by which services communicate with each other. There are several approaches for implementing Interprocess communication (IPC) in microservices, and each comes with different advantages and trade-offs. While theoretical and informal comparison exists between them, this thesis has taken an experimental approach to compare and contrast common forms of IPC communications. In this the- sis, IPC methods have been categorized into Synchronous and Asynchronous categories. The Synchronous type consists of REST API and Google gRPC, while the Asynchronous type is using a message broker known as RabbitMQ. Further, a collection of microservices for an e-commerce scenario has been designed and developed using all the three IPC methods. A load test has been executed against each model to obtain quantitative data related to Performance Efficiency, and Availability of every method. Developing the same set of functionalities using different IPC methods has offered a qualitative data related to Scalability, and Complexity of each IPC model. The evaluation of the experiment indicates that, although there is no universal IPC solution that can be applied in all cases, Asynchronous IPC patterns shall be the preferred option when designing the system. Nevertheless, the findings of this work also suggest there exist scenarios where Synchronous patterns can be more suitable.Med den kraftiga tillväxten av molntjänster under det senaste decenniet har mikrotjänster fått en betydande popularitet i branschen som ett nytt arkitektoniskt mönster. Det erbjuder en moln-baserad arkitektur som delar stora applikationer i en samling små, oberoende och distribuerade paket. Eftersom microservicebaserade applikationer distribueras och körs på olika maskiner, är en av de viktigaste utmaningarna när man utformar en applikation valet av mekanism med vilken tjänster kommunicerar med varandra. Det finns flera metoder för att implementera Interprocess-kommunikation (IPC) i mikrotjänster och var och en har olika fördelar och nackdelar. Medan det finns teoretisk och in- formell jämförelse mellan dem, har denna avhandling tagit ett experimentellt synsätt för att jämföra och kontrastera vanliga former av IPC-kommunikation. I denna avhandling har IPC-metoder kategoriserats i synkrona och asynkrona kategorier. Den synkrona typen består av REST API och Google gRPC, medan asynkron typ använder en meddelandemäklare känd som RabbitMQ. Dessutom har en samling mikroservice för ett e-handelsscenario utformats och utvecklats med alla de tre olika IPC-metoderna. Ett lasttest har utförts mot var- je modell för att erhålla kvantitativa data relaterade till prestandaeffektivitet, och tillgänglighet för varje metod. Att utveckla samma uppsättning funktionaliteter med olika IPC-metoder har erbjudit en kvalitativ data relaterad till skalbarhet och komplexitet för varje IPC-modell. Utvärderingen av experimentet indikerar att även om det inte finns någon universell IPC-lösning som kan tillämpas i alla fall, ska asynkrona IPC-mönster vara det föredragna alternativet vid utformningen av systemet. Ändå tyder resultaten från detta arbete också på att det finns scenarier där synkrona mönster är mer lämpliga.