Journal articles: 'Closed kinetic chain exercises'

1

Mustafa, Misbah, Ishrat Fatima, Afeera Tariq, Muhammad Irfan Fazal, Muhammad Nauman Jamal, and Ahmad Humayun Sarfraz. "Comparison between the Effect of Closed Kinetic Chain and Open Kinetic Chain exercises in the strengthening of Vastus Medialis Obliqus in subjects with Patello-Femoral Pain Syndrome - a randomized control trial." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 6 (2022): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22166185.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim: To compare the effects of closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises in the strengthening of vastus medialis obliqus in subjects with Patello-femoral pain syndrome. Methods: The study was a randomized controlled trial. It was conducted to compare the impact of open and closed kinetic chain exercises to strengthen the Vastus medialis obliqus in PFPS patients. For this purpose, 36 patients both males and females with age 20-40 years having PFPS were allocated randomly to two experimental (group A and group B) and one control group C. Group A, practised open kinetic chain exercises and the second group B practiced closed kinetic chain exercises, the control group C was given general physical therapy exercises, for four weeks. The assessment of Pain and function of the individual taking part in this study were was done before starting the treatment, at 2 weeks and at 4 weeks, using Numerical Pain rating scale and Kujala Anterior knee pain scale, respectively. Results: In conclusion, significant changes i.e. in alleviating pain and enhancing overall functionality has been seen in Group B that performed closed kinetic chain exercises for about 4 weeks. Similarly, there was also a remarked change in pain reduction besides improved function in group A and group C. By comparing all the three groups, significant advantage has been noted with closed kinetic chain exercises as compared to open kinetic chain and conventional PT techniques. Conclusion: Although, both exercise regimens were significant in pain reduction and enhancing function, but close kinetic chain exercises produced remarkable effects. Keywords: Closed kinetic chain exercises, Function Open kinetic chain exercises, Pain, Patello-femoral pain syndrome, PFPS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wilk, Kevin E., Christopher A. Arrigo, and James R. Andrews. "Closed and Open Kinetic Chain Exercise for the Upper Extremity." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 5, no. 1 (1996): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.5.1.88.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of closed kinetic chain exercise has grown in the past several years. Closed kinetic chain exercises for the lower extremity have been firmly established in the literature and have been strongly recommended as an integral part of rehabilitation of the patient with anterior cruciate ligament injury. While the scientific and clinical rationale for using closed kinetic chain exercise for the lower extremity appears obvious, the scientific rationale for using closed kinetic chain exercise for the upper extremity is less clear. The purpose of this manuscript is to discuss the scientific rationale for closed kinetic chain for the upper extremity patient. In addition, exercise drills to enhance dynamic stability of the glenohumeral joint are discussed, and a rationale for using these exercises for specific glenohumeral joint pathologies is provided. The concepts of closed and open kinetic chain as applied to the lower extremity may not apply to the upper extremity due to the unique anatomical and biomechanical features as well as the function of the shoulder. It is recommended that clinicians use both closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises when treating the shoulder patient.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Wilk, Kevin E., Naiquan Zheng, Glenn S. Fleisig, James R. Andrews, and William G. Clancy. "Kinetic Chain Exercise: Implications for the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Patient." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 6, no. 2 (1997): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.6.2.125.

Full text

Abstract:

Closed kinetic chain exercise has become popular in rehabilitation of the ACL patient. While many clinicians agree on the benefits of closed kinetic chain exercise, there is great discrepancy as to which exercises fit this category. This discrepancy stems from the fact that the kinetic chain concept was originally developed using mechanical engineering concepts and not human kinesiology. In this paper, the kinetic chain concept is redefined in a continuum of lower extremity exercises from closed kinetic chain to open kinetic chain. The placement of an exercise in this continuum is based upon joint kinematics, quadriceps and hamstring muscle activity, cruciate ligament stress, and joint weight-bearing load. An understanding of these factors can help the clinician design a comprehensive and effective rehabilitation program for the ACL patient.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Akshika Sharma, Dr. Richa Kashyap, and Dr. Puja Sharma. "Examining the effectiveness of PNF technique with Theraband Vs. Closed kinetic chain exercises for alleviating pain and enhancing functional status in individuals with Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy-A Pilot Study." International Journal for Multidimensional Research Perspectives 3, no. 3 (2025): 14–33. https://doi.org/10.61877/ijmrp.v3i3.252.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Shoulder dysfunction is a common musculoskeletal condition affecting daily functional activities, causing pain, reduced range of motion (ROM), and diminished strength. Theraband training and closed kinetic chain exercises are widely used rehabilitation strategies, but their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate and compare the impact of these two exercise modalities on pain, ROM, muscle strength, and functional outcomes in individuals with shoulder dysfunction. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 30 participants with shoulder dysfunction, divided equally into two groups: PNF training with Theraband (n=15) and closed kinetic chain (n=15). Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted, including pain levels using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), shoulder ROM across flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, muscle strength (measured in kg), and functional status using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Data were analyzed statistically to compare pre- and post-intervention results. Results: Both exercise groups demonstrated significant improvements in pain, ROM, strength, and functional status post-intervention (p<0.05). However, the Closed kinetic chain group exhibited superior outcomes in ROM and muscle strength compared to the Open kinetic chain group (p<0.001). Pain reduction and functional improvements were comparable between the groups, indicating the effectiveness of both modalities in addressing shoulder dysfunction. Conclusion: While both PNF training with Theraband and Closed kinetic chain exercises are effective in managing shoulder dysfunction, closed kinetic chain exercises demonstrated superior improvements in ROM and muscle strength. These findings suggest that closed kinetic chain exercises should be prioritized in rehabilitation protocols for patients with shoulder dysfunction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Nadeem, Nimra, Hafiz Muhammad Uzair Asghar, Ishrat x. Fazal, Muhammad Irfan Fazal, Ahmad Humayun Sarfraz, and Sania Maqbool. "Comparison of effects of open kinetic chain exercises with closed kinetic chain exercises on quadriceps strength and knee functional activity level after ACL reconstruction - a randomized controlled trial." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (2022): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216514.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim: To compare open kinetic chain exercises with closed kinetic chain exercises on strength of quadriceps and knee functional activity level after reconstruction of ACL. Methods: The study design is randomized controlled trial. Data of 36 patients was collected with subjective consent: 36 patients were distributed in 3 groups and each group had 12 patients with age limit from 17-39 years, treatment was given for 6 weeks including 3 days a week with conventional RICE therapy, conventional treatment with open kinetic chain exercises and conventional treatment with closed kinetic chain exercises. Results: SPSS 21 is used to generate results. Significant p value for post treatment ONE WAY ANOVA showed for knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score is less than 0.05 which means the treatment technique is effective in reducing pain and disability in patients after ACL reconstruction. Significant difference was showed by ONE WAY ANOVA post treatment values for strength of all the muscles of quadriceps and knee functional activity in GROUP A, GROUP B and GROUP C. Vastus Medialis muscle showed p value 0.000, vastus lateralis muscle showed p value 0.000, vastus intermedius and rectus femoris both muscles showed p value 0.000 which are less than 0.05 showing significant difference between three groups. Conclusion: Closed kinetic chain exercises are conclusively better in improving quadriceps strength and Functional status of patients suffering from Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction than open kinetic chain exercises. Keywords: Open Kinetic chain Exercises, Closed Kinetic chain Exercises, Anterior Cruciate Ligament.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Cyrillo, Fabio Navarro, and Cristina Maria Nunes Cabral. "Patellofemoral pain syndrome alters joint position sense: a case-control study." ConScientiae Saúde 13, no. 3 (2014): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v13n3.4521.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: The evaluation of changes in joint position sense (JPS) of the knee may be crucial for the identification of disorders that could start during the development of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Objective: To evaluate JPS of the knee in PFPS. Methods: Twenty nine women (15 healthy and 14 with PFPS) reproduced knee flexion angles of 45° and 60° during open kinetic chain exercises and of 45° during closed kinetic chain exercises. Results: The absolute error in the active reproduction of 45° in open kinetic chain exercises was significantly higher in the experimental group. There were significant differences in absolute and relative errors between the groups for active reproduction at 45° in open and closed kinetic chain exercises. Conclusions: This study suggests that PFPS alters JPS during active reproduction of the 45° angle in both open and closed kinetic chain exercises.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Šmite, Daina, Irēna Upeniece, Agnese Runce, and Helena Gapeyeva. "ACTIVITY OF SCAPULAR MUSCLES: COMPARISON OF OPEN AND CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISES." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 26, 2017): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol3.2422.

Full text

Abstract:

The function of the shoulder region and cervical spine are regulated by the motor control of the scapula. It is important to selectively activate weak muscles and minimally involve tense muscles to improve scapular motor control. The objective of this study was to compare the activity of scapular muscles and the intramuscular balance during various open and closed kinetic chain exercises. Methods: This study included 20 female sedentary office workers. A surface electromyography was used to analyze the activity of the scapular muscle in the correct exercise starting position and during 6 different exercises. Additionally, the optimal intramuscular balance was examined. Results and conclusions: Open kinetic chain exercises is more suitable than closed kinetic chain exercises for training scapular active stability. Horizontal shoulder abduction with external rotation (scapula retraction and internal rotation) while in the prone position was optimal and could be recommended (as well as its modifications with a resistance band) for training programs to improve scapula active stability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Karishma, Jain, Khan Jafar, Pal Renuka, and Pamecha Sapna. "Comparative Study: Effects of Open Kinetic Chain Versus Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Balance and Gait in Individuals with Ankle Related Injuries." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 6 (2023): 2020–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12530332.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Ankle injuries, such as sprains, often lead to pain, swelling, and impaired proprioception, affecting balance and gait. Open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises are commonly used in ankle injury rehabilitation, but their differential effects on balance and gait remain unclear. Understanding the comparative outcomes of these exercise approaches is crucial for optimizing rehabilitation protocols. Methods: This comparative study included 30 participants with past ankle injuries divided equally into two groups. Group A underwent OKC exercises, including non-weight bearing exercises with a resistance band, targeting ankle joint movements. Group B performed CKC exercises, involving weight-bearing exercises through the affected joint. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and balance was evaluated using the Single Leg Stance Test (SLS). The study lasted for four weeks, with 30 minutes of exercise per day, five days a week. Results: Both groups showed progressive reductions in pain levels throughout the intervention period. Group B demonstrated slightly greater improvements in pain reduction compared to Group A. Similarly, both groups exhibited enhanced balance over time, with Group B showing greater gains compared to Group A. Statistical analyses confirmed the significant effects of time on pain reduction and balance improvement in Group A, with a high proportion of variance attributed to the intervention. Conclusion: The exercise program effectively reduced pain and improved balance in individuals with ankle injuries. Both OKC and CKC exercises yielded benefits, but CKC exercises appeared particularly effective in promoting balance improvement. These findings have important implications for tailoring rehabilitation programs and optimizing pain management and functional recovery in individuals with ankle injuries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kostadinović, Stefan, Nenad Milovanović, Jelena Jovanović, and Snežana Tomašević-Todorović. "Efficacy of the lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization exercise program on pain intensity and functional disability reduction in chronic low back pain patients with lumbar radiculopathy: A randomized controlled trial." Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 33, no. 6 (2020): 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bmr-201843.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exercise programs in the treatment of chronic lumbar pain are quite diverse, but it has been proven that stabilization exercises are the most effective. OBJECTIVE: We compared the lumbar stabilization exercise program in a closed and open kinetic chain (LSCO) and lumbar stabilization exercises and thoracic mobilization program in a closed kinetic chain (LSTMC), and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of each program. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial in 80 chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with lumbar radiculopathy of both sexes (35 male, 45 female), average age (48.45 ± 10.22 years), divided in two groups that performed different sets of exercises. Participants were given laser therapy, transcutaneous electro-nerve stimulation and an eight-week kinesiotherapy that included exercises to strengthen the deep lumbar spine stabilizers. Retesting was done after four and eight weeks. RESULTS: Statistically significant (p< 0.05) superior recovery of the LSTMC group subjects compared to the LSCO group was achieved at all measurement intervals in the pain intensity and functional disability parameters. CONCLUSION: Patients who performed the lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization exercise program in a closed kinetic chain had the most effective reduction of pain intensity and functional disability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Miller, John P., Daniel Sedory, and Ronald V. Croce. "Vastus Medialis Obliquus and Vastus Lateralis Activity in Patients with and without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 6, no. 1 (1997): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.6.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of closed kinetic chain exercises in preferentially recruiting the oblique fibers of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO). Fifteen athletically active females, 6 with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and 9 without PFPS, performed two isometric and two dynamic closed kinetic chain exercises. The isometric exercises were a static lunge with 30° of knee flexion (SL@30°) and with 70° of knee flexion (SL@70°). The dynamic exercises were a step-up/step-down exercise (SUSD) and a modified wall slide (MWS). Selective recruitment of the VMO occurred during the MWS (p <.05) and the SUSD in the subjects without PFPS (p <.05). For the SL@70° (p <.01), the MWS (p <.01), and the SUSD (p <.05), subjects with PFPS had greater activity of the vastus lateralis (VL), resulting in a lower VMO: VL ratio for those exercises (p < .05). It was concluded that the closed kinetic chain exercises examined in this study do not preferentially recruit the VMO in individuals with PFPS. In addition, individuals with PFPS have a lower VMO:VL ratio during these exercises compared to individuals without PFPS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

BERAMPU, SURYA SYAHPUTRA. "PENGARUH CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISE DAN OPEN KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISE TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FUNGSIONAL PADA PASIEN OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2022." Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2022): 06–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jikki.v2i2.343.

Full text

Abstract:

Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative condition among the elderly. Functional disorders are caused by knee osteoarthritis. A person with osteoarthritis knee typically experiences pain, stiffness, and a decrease in functional activity as a result of limited function. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise on increasing functional activity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. This is a quasi-experimental type of study. To compare two intervention groups, a two-group pre-test post-test research design was used. In addition, WOMAC is being used to assess functional ability. Exercises should be done twice a week for four weeks. Effect analysis using the paired T-test in treatment groups 1 and 2. The paired T-test on closed kinetic chain exercise and open kinetic chain exercise yielded the same result, P = 0.000 (p0.05), indicating that functional ability influences before and after treatment. Meanwhile, an independent t-test resulted in a value of p = 0.153 (p>0.05), indicating that there are differences in the influence of open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain on increasing functional ability in patients with osteoarthritis knee. Open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise have different effects on improving functional ability in people with osteoarthritis knee.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Adouni, M., and A. Shirazi-Adl. "Knee joint biomechanics in closed-kinetic-chain exercises." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 12, no. 6 (2009): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255840902828375.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Adeel, Muhammad, Bor-Shing Lin, Muhammad Asad Chaudhary, Hung-Chou Chen, and Chih-Wei Peng. "Effects of Strengthening Exercises on Human Kinetic Chains Based on a Systematic Review." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 9, no. 1 (2024): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9010022.

Full text

Abstract:

Kinetic chains (KCs) are primarily affected by the load of different activities that recruit muscles from different regions. We explored the effects of strengthening exercises on KCs through muscle activation. Four databases were searched from 1990 to 2019. The muscles of each KC, their surface electromyography (sEMG), and the exercises conducted were reported. We found 36 studies that presented muscle activation using the percent (%) maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) or average sEMG for nine KCs in different regions. The % MVIC is presented as the following four categories: low (≤20%), moderate (21~40%), high (41~60%), and very high (>60%). Only four studies mentioned muscle activation in more than three KCs, while the remaining studies reported inconsistent sEMG processing, lacked normalization, and muscle activation in one or two KCs. The roles of stabilizers and the base of support in overhead throwing mobility using balance exercises were examined, and the concentric phase of chin-up and lat pull-down activated the entire KC by recruiting multiple muscles. Also, deep-water running was shown to prevent the risk of falls and enhance balance and stability. In addition, low-load trunk rotations improved the muscles of the back and external oblique activation. Based on this study’s findings, closed-chain exercises activate more groups of muscles in a kinetic chain than open-chain exercises. However, no closed or open chain exercise can activate optimal KCs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

KAWAMURA, Kenji, Eiichi GENDA, and Yasuo SUZUKI. "Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2000.1 (2000): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2000.1.0_511.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

ESCAMILLA, RAFAEL F., GLENN S. FLEISIG, NIGEL ZHENG, STEVEN W. BARRENTINE, KEVIN E. WILK, and JAMES R. ANDREWS. "Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises." Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise 30, no. 4 (1998): 556–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199804000-00014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Escamilla, R. F., G. S. Fleisig, N. Zheng, S. W. Barrentine, K. E. Wilk, and J. R. Andrews. "BIOMECHANICS OF THE KNEE DURING CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN AND OPEN KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISES." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (1998): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199805001-00269.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

M.Seshagirirao, Sudesh Thalathoti, and Sumaiya Kauser Shaik. "EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN KINEMATIC CHAIN EXERCISES VERSUS CLOSED KINEMATIC CHAIN EXERCISES OF KNEE IN MENISCAL INSTABILITY ATHLETES." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 4, no. 1 (2016): 1345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2015.188.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Andrew, Todd L. "Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise. A Comprehensive Guide to Multiple-Joint Exercises." Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 1, no. 4 (2002): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-3467(07)60039-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Andrew, Todd L. "Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise. A Comprehensive Guide to Multiple-Joint Exercises." Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 2, no. 2 (2003): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-3467(07)60047-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Ayık, Burcu, Onur Armağan, and Fulya Bakılan. "Comparison of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on vastus medialis and vastus medialis oblique in patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomized, single-blinded, prospective study." Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 71, no. 2 (2025): 216–25. https://doi.org/10.5606/tftrd.2025.15971.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on pain, thickness of vastus medialis (VM) and vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle, and VMO architecture. Patients and methods: The randomized single-blind prospective was conducted between January 2022 and September 2023. Thirty patients (11 males, 19 females; mean age: 37.5±8.8 years; range, 18 to 50 years) with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) were randomized into two groups. Fifteen patients in the first group (23 knees) received open kinetic chain exercises, and 15 patients in the second group (22 knees) received closed kinetic chain exercises (CKCE) as a six-week home exercise program. The following variables were measured before and after the exercise program: Visual Analog Scale , Q angle, and ultrasonographic measurements. In ultrasonographic measurements, the thickness of the VM and VMO muscles and the VMO fiber angle was evaluated. Results: Both groups showed statistically highly significant improvement in all evaluation parameters in inter- and intragroup comparisons (p<0.001). Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in Visual Analog Scale scores between the two groups. However, a significant decrease was observed in favor of the CKCE group after treatment (p=0.037). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of VMO, VM muscle thickness, and fiber angle changes (p=0.26, p=0.28, and p=0.28, respectively). Conclusion: The thickness of the VM and VMO muscles, the angle of the VMO fibers, and the pain scores improved both exercise groups in patients with PFPS. However, CKCE proved to be superior for pain reduction. Both open and closed kinetic chain exercises can be beneficial for PFPS management, with CKCE potentially being more appropriate for patients with prominent pain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Boccia, Gennaro, Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Francesco Negro, Alberto Rainoldi, and Deborah Falla. "Motor unit discharge rate and the estimated synaptic input to the vasti muscles is higher in open compared with closed kinetic chain exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 127, no. 4 (2019): 950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00310.2019.

Full text

Abstract:

Conflicting results have been reported on whether closed kinetic chain exercises (such as a leg press) may induce more balanced activation of vastus medialis (VM) and lateralis (VL) muscles compared with open kinetic chain exercise (such as pure knee extension). This study aimed to 1) compare between-vasti motor unit activity and 2) analyze the combined motor unit behavior from both muscles between open and closed kinetic chain exercises. Thirteen participants (four women, mean ± SD age: 27 ± 5 yr) performed isometric knee extension and leg press at 10, 30, 50, 70% of the maximum voluntary torque. High density surface EMG signals were recorded from the VM and VL and motor unit firings were automatically identified by convolutive blind source separation. We estimated the total synaptic input received by the two muscles by analyzing the difference in discharge rate from recruitment to target torque for motor units matched by recruitment threshold. When controlling for recruitment threshold and discharge rate at recruitment, the motor unit discharge rates were higher for knee extension compared with the leg press exercise at 50% [estimate = 1.2 pulses per second (pps), standard error (SE) = 0.3 pps, P = 0.0138] and 70% (estimate = 2.0 pps, SE = 0.3 pps, P = 0.0001) of maximal torque. However, no difference between the vasti muscles were detected in both exercises. The estimates of synaptic input to the muscles confirmed these results. In conclusion, the estimated synaptic input received by VM and VL was similar within and across exercises. However, both muscles had higher firing rates and estimated synaptic input at the highest torque levels during knee extension. Taken together, the results show that knee-extension is more suitable than leg-press exercise at increasing the concurrent activation of the vasti muscles. NEW & NOTEWORTHY There is a significant debate on whether open kinetic chain, single-joint knee extension exercise can influence the individual and combined activity of the vasti muscles compared with closed kinetic chain, multijoint leg press exercise. Here we show that attempting to change the contribution of either the vastus medialis or vastus lateralis via different forms of exercise does not seem to be a viable strategy. However, the adoption of open kinetic chain knee extension induces greater discharge rate and estimated synaptic input to both vasti muscles compared with the leg press.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Shamsi Majelan, Ali, Mohammad Rahim Amiri Tapej Bor, Bayan Heydariyan, and Taleb Fadaei Dehcheshmeh. "Investigating the Effects of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Proprioception and Inversion/Eversion Strength Imbalance of the Ankle Joint in Track and Field Athletes With Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome." Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy Journal 13, no. 1 (2023): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ptj.13.1.437.3.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: Correct proprioceptive information and muscle balance of the ankle joint muscles are essential in preventing sports injuries. This study aims to investigate the effect of closed kinetic chain exercises on proprioception and inversion/eversion strength imbalance of the ankle joint in track and field athletes with medial tibial stress syndrome. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study. In the present study, 22 male track and field athletes with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome and 11 male track and field athletes without medial tibial stress syndrome were purposefully selected and divided into 3 groups of 11 people as follows: 1) Closed kinetic chain exercises group, 2) The control group, and 3) The healthy group. The evaluation of absolute error of ankle joint position sense was done using the isokinetic dynamometer device actively on the leg with medial tibial stress syndrome. Isokinetic muscle strength testing was performed at 30°/s and 120°/s to assess the invertor and evertor muscle strength of the ankle. After evaluating the variables in the pre-test, the experimental group received the closed kinetic chain exercises three days each week for 8 weeks. During this period, the control group and the healthy group did not perform any exercises. Finally, after executing the selected protocol, the mentioned variables were measured again in the post-test. The analysis of covariance test was used to check the variables. In addition, the number of changes between groups was checked by the Bonferroni statistical test. Results: The results of the one-way analysis of variance statistical test showed no significant difference between the mean of the groups in the pre-test (P≤0.05). The results of the analysis of covariance test showed a significant difference between closed the kinetic chain exercises, control, and healthy groups (P≤0.05). The results of the post hoc test regarding the investigation of the intergroup difference. A significant difference was observed between closed kinetic chain exercises and healthy groups with the control group at post-intervention proprioception and inversion/eversion strength imbalance of the ankle joint. In addition, the results showed no significant differences between the closed kinetic chain exercises group and the healthy group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that under the influence of a specialized training course of the closed kinetic chain exercises for athletes, because of the significant changes in establishing the muscle balance of the evertor and invertor muscles of the ankle joint and the sense of proprioception in this area, the sports performance of the athletes improves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Felicio, Lílian Ramiro, Marcelo Camargo Saad, Rogério Ferreira Liporaci, Augusto do Prado Baffa, Antônio Carlos dos Santos, and Débora Bevilaqua-Grossi. "Evaluating Patellar Kinematics Through Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Open- and Closed-Kinetic-Chain Exercises." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 19, no. 1 (2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.19.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose:To evaluate patellar kinematics of volunteers without knee pain at rest and during isometric contraction in open- and closed-kinetic-chain exercises.Methods:Twenty individuals took part in this study. All were submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during rest and voluntary isometric contraction (VIC) in the open and closed kinetic chain at 15°, 30°, and 45° of knee flexion. Through MRI and using medical e-film software, the following measurements were evaluated: sulcus angle, patellar-tilt angle, and bisect offset. The mixed-effects linear model was used for comparison between knee positions, between rest and isometric contractions, and between the exercises.Results:Data analysis revealed that the sulcus angle decreased as knee flexion increased and revealed increases with isometric contractions in both the open and closed kinetic chain for all knee-flexion angles. The patellar-tilt angle decreased with isometric contractions in both the open and closed kinetic chain for every knee position. However, in the closed kinetic chain, patellar tilt increased significantly with the knee flexed at 15°. The bisect offset increased with the knee flexed at 15° during isometric contractions and decreased as knee flexion increased during both exercises.Conclusion:VIC in the last degrees of knee extension may compromise patellar dynamics. On the other hand, it is possible to favor patellar stability by performing muscle contractions with the knee flexed at 30° and 45° in either the open or closed kinetic chain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Borms, Dorien, Annelies Maenhout, and Ann M. Cools. "Incorporation of the Kinetic Chain Into Shoulder-Elevation Exercises: Does It Affect Scapular Muscle Activity?" Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 4 (2020): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-136-19.

Full text

Abstract:

Context Scapular rehabilitation exercises should focus on selective activation of weaker muscles and minimal activation of hyperactive muscles. For rehabilitation of overhead athletes, single-plane open chain exercises below 90° of shoulder elevation are often recommended. Moreover, incorporating the kinetic chain in shoulder rehabilitation exercises is advised and has been suggested to influence scapular muscle activity levels. Objective To study the influence of kinetic chain incorporation during 5 variations of a shoulder-elevation exercise on scapular muscle activity. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Thirty-one asymptomatic participants (15 men, 16 women). Main Outcome Measure(s) The electromyographic activity of the upper (UT), middle (MT), and lower (LT) trapezius, and serratus anterior was determined during 5 variations of bilateral elevation with external rotation: (1) open-hand position (reference exercise), (2) closed-hand position, (3) dynamic bipedal squat, (4) static unipedal squat, and (5) dynamic unipedal squat on the contralateral leg. All data were normalized as a percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Results A closed-hand position (exercise 2) instead of an open-hand position (exercise 1) resulted in lower MT (mean difference = 3.44% MVIC) and LT (mean difference = 7.76% MVIC) activity. Incorporating the lower limb (exercises 3–5) increased UT activity when compared with exercise 1 (mean differences = 3.67, 2.68, 5.02% MVIC, respectively), which in general resulted in increased UT : MT ratios. Additionally, LT activity decreased when a dynamic unipedal squat was added (mean difference: 4.90% MVIC). For the serratus anterior, the greatest activity occurred during elevation in a static unipedal squat position (exercise 4, 22.90% MVIC). Conclusions Incorporating the kinetic chain during shoulder-elevation exercises influenced scapular muscle activity and ratios. In particular, incorporating the lower limb resulted in more UT activity, whereas the open-hand position increased MT and LT activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Mohit Kumar and Vani Madaan. "A Comparison Between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises Along with Conservative Treatment in Grade-I ACL Injury in Sprinters: A Randomized Controlled Trail." Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy - An International Journal 18, no. 3 (2024): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/c68mhb51.

Full text

Abstract:

Background:Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is most common in sports players such as soccer, basketball, sprinters, which causes alleviated strength in quadriceps muscles, and Range of Motion (ROM) of Knee Joint, and along with this, decrease in efficiency of knee that impacts person’s Activity of daily living (ADL). So, after ACL injury, Rehabilitation protocol plays a great role in maintaining knee ROM, increases the strength of quadriceps muscles. This study aims to compare the effect of open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises and compare to asses which type of protocol is much efficient for ACL-Injury rehab protocol. Methodology: A comparative study was done over 50 male sprinters of 18-25 years old to assess the effect of Open Kinetic chain exercises (OKC) and closed kinetic chain exercises (CKC). Study was divided into 2 groups: OKC group and CKC group. In OKC Group, subject has to do flexor-extensor bench, isotonic quadriceps exercise and long leg press-off exercises with the conventional physiotherapy whereas in CKC group, subjects has to do wall sits exercises, standing weight shift, one-legged dips exercise, and squatting lunges along with the conventional physiotherapy. Each exercise was performed with 3 sets of 20 repetition, 3 days/week for 45 days. The data was collected from various academies of Satara, Maharashtra after obtaining the ethical permission. Subjects were explained about the procedure and protocol of research. ROM, Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scale were used as Outcome measures. Readings were noted on Day 0 and Day 45. The data was analyzed by using JASP Software. Results: 25 subjects were there in both groups, with the mean age of 23.4 years in CKC group whereas the mean age is 23.44 in OKC group. The mean value of NPRS in OKC group is 4.280±0.843 and that of CKC groups is 4.160±0.624. And the mean value of Knee ROM in CKC group is 118±5 while that of in OKC group is 107.2±4.52. Conclusion: In summary, this study highlights the importance of a tailored rehabilitation program combining OKC and CKC exercises for Grade-I ACL injuries in sprinters. Both exercise types play a crucial role in restoring knee function and strength. As per our study, CKC exercises are better than OKC exercises. So, CKC exercises should be incorporated into rehabilitation program of grade-I ACL injuries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Lutz, G. E., R. A. Palmitier, K. N. An, and E. Y. Chao. "Comparison of tibiofemoral joint forces during open-kinetic-chain and closed-kinetic-chain exercises." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 75, no. 5 (1993): 732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199305000-00014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Witvrouw, Erik, Roeland Lysens, Johan Bellemans, Koen Peers, and Guy Vanderstraeten. "Open Versus Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises for Patellofemoral Pain." American Journal of Sports Medicine 28, no. 5 (2000): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465000280051201.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Cohen, Zohara A., Hrvoje Roglic, Ronald P. Grelsamer, et al. "Patellofemoral Stresses during Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises." American Journal of Sports Medicine 29, no. 4 (2001): 480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465010290041701.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Bakhtiary, A. H., and E. Fatemi. "Open versus closed kinetic chain exercises for patellar chondromalacia." British Journal of Sports Medicine 42, no. 2 (2007): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.038109.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Kirkley, Alexandra. "Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction." Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 6, no. 1 (1996): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042752-199601000-00017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hart, Lawrence E., and Murray E. Maitland. "Open or Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises for Patellofemoral Pain." Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 11, no. 3 (2001): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042752-200107000-00017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Witvrouw, Erik, Lieven Danneels, Damien van Tiggelen, Tine Marieke Willems, and Dirk Cambier. "Open versus Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises in Patellofemoral Pain." American Journal of Sports Medicine 32, no. 5 (2004): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546503262187.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Clippinger, Karen S. "Complementary Use of Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises." Journal of Dance Medicine & Science 6, no. 3 (2002): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1089313x0200600301.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Karishma, Jain, Khan Jafar, Pal Renuka, and Arora Abhishek. "Role of Open Kinetic Chain Versus Closed Kinetic Chain in Relation to Balance and Gait of an Individual with Ankle-Related Injuries." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 6 (2023): 2031–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12530527.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Ankle injuries are common and can lead to complications such as fractures, chronic ankle instability, and proprioception loss. The ankle joint plays a crucial role in balance and gait, and injuries can result in proprioception loss and balance issues. Methods: This comparative study included 30 patients with past ankle injuries. The participants were divided equally into two groups: Group A and Group B. Group A underwent open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises, focusing on isolated joint movements without fixing the distal end of the limb. Group B performed closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises involving multiple joints and movements. The study duration was 4 weeks, with a 30-minute session per day, 5 days per week. Results: Both Group A and Group B showed significant improvements over time. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for pain decreased progressively, and balance scores increased significantly. Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance showed a significant reduction in pain intensity and improvement in balance for both groups. Conclusion: The study findings support the effectiveness of both open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain exercises in reducing pain and improving balance in individuals with ankle-related injuries. Further research with larger sample sizes and control groups is needed to validate these findings and optimize rehabilitation strategies for ankle injuries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Norouzi, Sadegh, Fateme Esfandiarpour, Ali Shakourirad, Reza Salehi, Mohammad Akbar, and Farzam Farahmand. "Rehabilitation after ACL Injury: A Fluoroscopic Study on the Effects of Type of Exercise on the Knee Sagittal Plane Arthrokinematics." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/248525.

Full text

Abstract:

A safe rehabilitation exercise for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries needs to be compatible with the normal knee arthrokinematics to avoid abnormal loading on the joint structures. The objective of this study was to measure the amount of the anterior tibial translation (ATT) of the ACL-deficient knees during selective open and closed kinetic chain exercises. The intact and injured knees of fourteen male subjects with unilateral ACL injury were imaged using uniplanar fluoroscopy, while the subjects performed forward lunge and unloaded/loaded open kinetic knee extension exercises. The ATTs were measured from fluoroscopic images, as the distance between the tibial and femoral reference points, at seven knee flexion angles, from 0° to 90°. No significant differences were found between the ATTs of the ACL-deficient and intact knees at all flexion angles during forward lunge and unloaded open kinetic knee extension (). During loaded open kinetic knee extension, however, the ATTs of the ACL deficient knees were significantly larger than those of the intact knees at 0° (). It was suggested that the forward lunge, as a weight-bearing closed kinetic chain exercise, provides a safer approach for developing muscle strength and functional stability in rehabilitation program of ACL-deficient knees, in comparison with open kinetic knee extension exercise.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Chou, Pei-Hsi, Shu-Zon Lou, Shen-Kai Chen, Hsin-Chieh Chen, Hsiu-Hao Hsu, and You-Li Chou. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELBOW JOINT LOADING IN PUSH-UP AND BENCH-PRESS." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 23, no. 01 (2011): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237211002335.

Full text

Abstract:

Upper extremity pain and dysfunction are common orthopedic problems in individuals who practice physical activities involving the upper limbs. Push-ups (PUs) and bench-presses (BPs), representing closed kinetic chain (CKC) and open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises, respectively, are among the most popular training exercises for the upper extremity in sports training and clinical rehabilitation applications. Utilizing a self-developed exercise testing model, the present study examines the difference in elbow joint loading between OKC and CKC exercises of the upper extremity. As many as 15 physically healthy male subjects with an average age of 19.8 years (S.D. 1.4), an average height of 176.8 cm (S.D. 4.2), and an average weight of 69.27 kg (S.D. 5.0) were studied. Each subject was asked to perform two different types of exercise, namely PUs and BPs. The kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation of the elbow joint were calculated and analyzed using laboratory-developed motion analysis procedures. The PU exercises result in a greater loading on the elbow joint than the BP exercises, but produce a lower muscle activation. OKC exercises yield a greater muscle strengthening effect than CKC exercises. The increased shear stress on the elbow joint should be carefully noted when performing PU exercises. The results presented in this study provide valuable information for treatment and rehabilitation purposes in clinical applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Tanveer, Shanza, Rabiya Noor, Hamna Afzal, et al. "Comparative Effects of Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistance Exercises Technique & Close Kinetic Chain Exercises on Extensor Lag in Post-Operative Knee Stiffness." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (2022): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216790.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Post-operative knee stiffness is caused by arthrofibrosis and functional limitation. Extensor lag is commonly prevalent after knee surgery. There are different approaches to treat this condition. Close kinetic chain exercises are hypothesized as one of effective treatment. DAPRE technique has remarked effects. Aim: To determine effects of DAPRE technique and close kinetic chain exercises on pain intensity, ROM, function, strength among post-operative knee stiffness. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: Total of 22 patients with post-operative knee stiffness were recruited and divided in two groups. One group received DAPRE technique and other group received close kinetic chain exercises were participated by using a Non-probability convenience sampling technique. Results: The result showed statistically significant difference in both groups in terms of NPRS, WOMAC index, ROM and strength with P-value less than 0.05. Conclusion: It was concluded that Close kinetic chain exercises was more effective than the Daily adjustable progressive resistance exercises on extensor lag for post-operative knee joint stiffness to improving the pain, physical function, range of motion and strength. Keywords: Knee Stiffness, Extensor Lag, Kinetic Chain Exercise, DAPRE and Resistance Exercises.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Rivera, Jose E. "Open versus Closed Kinetic Chain Rehabilitation of the Lower Extremity: A Functional and Biomechanical Analysis." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 3, no. 2 (1994): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.3.2.154.

Full text

Abstract:

Closed kinetic chain and functional rehabilitation have lately received increased attention in the rehabilitation community. The purpose of this paper is to review biomechanical considerations applicable to the lower extremity, in a way that clearly justifies the use of functionally sound rehabilitation exercises. The origin of the kinetic chain concept is reviewed, and the differences in biomechanical events in the foot, ankle, and knee under open versus closed chain conditions are described. An analysis of these biomechanical events supports the notion that function results from the integration of muscles and joints to achieve desired outcomes. This leads to the conclusion that rehabilitation exercises, in order to be functional, must demand integration of muscular activity, must be of a closed kinetic chain nature, and must challenge the utilization of normal proprioceptive mechanisms. Guidelines for the practical application of these principles are clearly outlined, and examples of functional activities are described. Readers are encouraged to explore creative and challenging approaches to help clients achieve their highest level of function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Davies, George J. "The Need for Critical Thinking in Rehabilitation." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 4, no. 1 (1995): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.4.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

There is an increasing emphasis on the use of closed kinetic chain exercises in the testing and rehabilitation of many patients with various pathologies. Because of this increased emphasis, there is a need for critical thinking in rehabilitation. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the application of critical thinking in the following areas: examination, specific rehabilitation protocols, the need for outcome research, and the rationale and need for the integration of open and closed kinetic chain exercises and their application to testing and rehabilitation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Rokninezhad, Mozhgan. "The Effect of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Lower Extremity Function in Male Football Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery." Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 02 (2024): 462–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/sjrm.13.2.2788.

Full text

Abstract:

Background and Aims : Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most common knee injuries in sports. This study aims to assess the effect of closed kinetic chain exercises on lower extremity function in football players with ACL reconstruction surgery. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on 22 male football players with a history of ACL injuruy referred to a hopspital from Ahvaz, Iran. They were randomly divided into two groups of 11, including exercise and control. The performance of the two groups was measured using shuttle run test, figure-of-eight hop test, hop test from side to side, and agility hop test in the pre-test and post-test phases. The exercise group performed closed kinetic chain exercises (side lunge, plie squat, hip bridge, walking backwards, front lunge, squat, and plank) for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each for 35 minutes. No exercise was performed in the control group. For data analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test were used. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results In the pre-test phase, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in the functional tests of shuttle run test, figure-of-eight hop test, side to side hop test, and agility hop test (P>0.05). In the post-test phase, the ANOVA results showed that the exercise group performed better in shuttle run test, figure-of-eight hop test, side to side hop test, and agility hop test (P≤0.05). The results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the exercise group in the mentioned tests, both immediately after and one month after the exercises, their performance in the mentioned tests improved (P≤0.05). Conclusion The closed kinetic chain exercise can be used to increase the lower extremity performance of male football players with ACL injury.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Dillman, Charles J., Tricia A. Murray, and Robert A. Hintermeister. "Biomechanical Differences of Open and Closed Chain Exercises with Respect to the Shoulder." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 3, no. 3 (1994): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.3.3.228.

Full text

Abstract:

Confusion of the terms open and closed kinetic chain and scarcity of research comparing kinetic chain exercises that have similar mechanics and loading prompted this case study. Exercises were classified by the boundary condition of the distal segment and presence of an external load. Classifications included a fixed boundary condition with an external load (FEL), a movable boundary with an external load (MEL), and a movable boundary with no external load (MNL). It was hypothesized that if the direction and mass of loading in MEL and FEL exercises were similar, the electromyographic activity of the primary muscle groups involved would be comparable. Muscular activity was monitored from six shoulder muscles during one MNL, four MEL, and five FEL exercises. The results indicated that MEL and FEL exercises having similar biomechanics produced comparable muscular activity. Evaluation and selection of exercises for patients should be based upon mechanics and loading that achieve appropriate muscle activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Thongduang, Parinyathip, Uraiwan Chatchawan, Rungthip Puntumetakul, Junichiro Yamauchi, and Punnee Peungsuwan. "Quadriceps Electromyographic Activity in Closed and Open Kinetic-Chain Exercises with Hip-Adductor Co-Contraction in Sedentary Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (2022): 12929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912929.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Different closed and open kinetic-chain exercises with hip-adductor co-contraction have different effects on quadriceps activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in quadriceps activity during the squat (SQ) and knee extension (KE) and straight leg raise (SLR) exercises with and without hip adduction in sedentary women. Methods: Twenty-eight sedentary women aged 44.5 ± 8.5 years were recruited. They performed three exercises with and without hip adduction. Surface electromyography (sEMG) activity was measured on the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles. The levels of sEMG activities of the three muscles were compared among the six exercises using a repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: The findings showed that RF activity was lowest during the SQ alone and highest during the SLR exercise (p < 0.05 to 0.001). The VMO activity was significantly greater in the SQH than in the five types of exercises (p < 0.05 to 0.001), which led to a significant VMO/VL ratio as well. VL activity increased while the squat with hip adduction and knee extension with hip adduction exercise compared with SQ alone. Conclusion: This study indicates that a closed-chain squat with hip co-contraction can produce the VMO and VMO/VL ratio activity, while an open chain of SLR better activates the RF activity. The findings support the understanding of quadriceps activity in different exercises to be an alternative home-based exercise for physical therapy in women facing muscle weakness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ehtisham ul Haq Raza, Muhammad, Zainab Hassan, Wishal Edwin, Sidra Faisal, Fiza Saleem, and Mashar Hayyat. "Effects of Open and Closed Chain Exercises on Dynamic Balance and Range of Motion in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: RCT." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 11 (2022): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221611174.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Osteoarthritis is a combination of mechanical problems characterized by degradation of articular cartilage, articulating joints and subchondral space. Aim: To compare the effects of open chain kinetic exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises in improving dynamic balance and range of motion in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methodology: Study was conducted at Chugtai Medical center Lahore and sample of 46 patients were recruited and were randomly allocated in two groups. One group performed OKC exercises and the other group was asked to perform CKC exercises, while both of the groups received a common baseline treatment prior to corresponding intervention. Two session a week were given for a period of one month. Goniometry and Y-balance scale were used to assess ROM and dynamic balance pre and post treatment, respectively. Data was evaluated by using SPSS version 23. Results: In this study, the intra-group analysis illustrated that the increase in range of motion and improvement in dynamic balance was statistically significant in both groups with p-value<0.05. Whereas, the inter-group analysis showed that both interventions were clinically effective in treating knee osteoarthritis with p-value>0.05 during the treatment session of four weeks. Practical Implication: This study highlighted that physical training that includes open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises were found to be effective in improving balance and in increasing range of motion by reducing pain among osteoarthritis patients. Conclusion: It was concluded that patients with OKC exercises have shown equal improvement in ROM and dynamic balance compared to those who have been treated with CKC exercises. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Exercises and Dynamic Balance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hillman, Sue. "Principles and Techniques of Open Kinetic Chain Rehabilitation: The Upper Extremity." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 3, no. 4 (1994): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.3.4.319.

Full text

Abstract:

The kinetic chain is open in the upper extremity skills used in most sports. Although closed chain exercises will increase stability, open chain strengthening is more sport specific. This article addresses general concepts of upper extremity rehabilitation, including exercises to restore normal range of motion, joint mechanics, and muscle strength. The roles of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, plyometric training, and elastic band exercises are also discussed. Finally, a progression of specificity training is presented to return the athlete to successful sport performance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Snyder-Mackler, Lynn. "Scientific Rationale and Physiological Basis for the Use of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise in the Lower Extremity." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 5, no. 1 (1996): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.5.1.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Closed kinetic chain exercise is a common component of lower extremity rehabilitation. It has virtually replaced open kinetic chain exercise in the treatment of some conditions. In this paper, anatomy and physiology as they relate to closed chain exercise are examined to elucidate its unique contributions to rehabilitation. Claims made about the specificity, functionality, and safety of closed kinetic chain exercise are discussed. Muscle action, the stretch–shortening cycle, joint position sense, and clinical cases are used to illustrate the distinct role of closed kinetic chain exercise in rehabilitation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Findley, Brian W., and Lee Brown. "Open-Versus Closed-Kinetic Chain Exercise." Strength and Conditioning Journal 21, no. 4 (1999): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/00126548-199908000-00008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Reis, Carlos Brendo Ferreira, Gabrielle Lopes Teixeira, Matheus Jonas Santos, Leonardo Araújo Vieira, and Natalia Madalena Rinaldi. "Acute effect of open and closed kinetic chain training on lower limb muscle strength in young adults." Fisioterapia Brasil 24, no. 5 (2023): 519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/fb.v24i5.5131.

Full text

Abstract:

Among training prescription variations for improving muscle strength, we can highlight open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of OKC and CKC exercises on lower limb muscle strength in young adults. Subjects were invited to participate in an acute training consisting of three OKC exercises and three CKC exercises and performed three sets of ten repetitions. To evaluate the torque and muscle power, an isokinetic dynamometer and a force platform were used. The analyzed variables were: peak of torque, time to peak torque, mean power and average power. Univariate analyses were used to compare the performance of participants in OKC and CKC exercises in torque and power tests. Peak torque was higher in the extensor and plantar flexion movements than knee and ankle joints, respectively. When comparing OKC and CKC exercises, OKC exercises produced a higher peak of torque and mean power in all the joints than CKC. We concluded that OKC exercises can be used for improving strength in young adults.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Dolan, Michael G. "Open Kinetic Chain versus Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise after ACL Injury." Athletic Therapy Today 15, no. 3 (2010): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/att.15.3.8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Cho, Igsoo, Gak Hwangbo, Daehee Lee, and Sangyong Lee. "The Effects of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises Using Elastic Bands on Electromyographic Activity in Degenerative Gonarthritis." Journal of Physical Therapy Science 26, no. 9 (2014): 1481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.26.1481.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Shah, Chandni. "A Study to Compare effectiveness of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises Verus Open Kinetic Chain Exercises in Patients with Osteoarthritic Knee Joints." Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy - An International Journal 8, no. 3 (2014): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-5674.2014.00381.5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Closed kinetic chain exercises'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles