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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Closet drama

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Academic literature on the topic 'Closet drama'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Closet drama"

1

Javadizadeh, Kamran. "Elizabeth Bishop's Closet Drama." Arizona Quarterly: A Journal of American Literature, Culture, and Theory 67, no. 3 (2011): 119–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arq.2011.0015.

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Ochieng' Nyongo, Tavia Amolo. "Black Theatre's Closet Drama." Theatre Journal 57, no. 4 (2005): 590–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2006.0037.

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STRAZNICKY, MARTA. "Recent Studies in Closet Drama." English Literary Renaissance 28, no. 1 (January 1998): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.1998.tb01123.x.

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Emre, Merve. "Out-of-the-Way Closets: “Kabnis,” Race, and Closet Drama." Modern Drama 60, no. 2 (June 2017): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.0738.

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Daalder, Joost. "The Closet Drama in "The Changeling," V.III." Modern Philology 89, no. 2 (November 1991): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/391952.

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Dupuis, Margaret, and Marta Straznicky. "Privacy, Playreading, and Women's Closet Drama, 1500-1700." Sixteenth Century Journal 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20478149.

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Straznicky (book author), Marta, and Elizabeth H. Hageman (review author). "Privacy, Playreading, and Women's Closet Drama, 1550-1700." Renaissance and Reformation 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2004): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v40i4.9050.

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Barish, Jonas. "The Problem of Closet Drama in the Italian Renaissance." Italica 71, no. 1 (1994): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/479405.

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Biggs, Murray. "Staging "The Borderers": Dragging Romantic Drama out of the Closet." Studies in Romanticism 27, no. 3 (1988): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25600728.

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Milling, Jane. "Siege and Cipher: the closet drama of the Cavendish sisters." Women's History Review 6, no. 3 (September 1997): 411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09612029700200152.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Closet drama"

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Piatt, Wendy Louisa. "Politics and religion in Renaissance closet drama." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287042.

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Heawood, Jonathan. "'Never acted, but-- ' : English closet drama, 1625-1685." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403383.

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Rodriguez, Mia U. "Medea in Victorian Women's Poetry." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1355934808.

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Simpson, Michael Raymond. "Closet reading and political writing in the dramas of Byron and Shelley." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276633.

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Wilfong-Pritchard, Geoffrey. "Cloven hoof, historical drama and the construction of narrative theology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0028/NQ48821.pdf.

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Nageldinger, James K. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE COLLATERAL IMPACT OF SCHOOL THEATRE AND DRAMA ACTIVITIES ON STRUGGLING READERS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1409923580.

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Boyce, Joan Lee. "Nurses making caring work : a closet drama." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1228.

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The study reveals how nurses operationalize their daily caring practices in a hospital oncology unit that is described by nursing students as having a “culture of caring”. Despite ample evidence that changes to nursing practices in hospitals are occurring, there exists a dearth of work, theoretical or otherwise, that clearly addresses what appears to be emerging as a major trend. This ethnographic study directs attention to issues and concerns related to the changes by exploring the question of how nurses sustain their daily caring practices in light of the contextual influences that support or impinge upon their daily nursing activities. The study spans over a three month period (2-3 days a week) and involves 19 registered nurses who volunteered to be participants. Participant observation and journaling are the methods used to generate data. This field study is strengthened by participants’ corroboration with the researcher. Data collection, analysis, and interpretation were conflated into a single simultaneous process. The findings are presented in the form of an artistic portrayal: termed a closet drama”. Analysis revealed nine themes of caring practices that framed a collective story of ‘caring comes first’: making connections, creating form, making do, tolerating ambiguity, committing to diversity and dealing with difference; facing the possibility of death and facing dying, thinking outside the box of strategic moves, caring for self and others, and staying the course. They are the titles for the nine acts. A discussion of the findings is included as part of the drama in a series of passages called ‘After Wards’. Practices of caring are identified as a third mode of thinking that is situational and immediate and located between the two worldviews of modernity and postmodern; certain and uncertainty. Nurses’ intentionality is aimed at building bridges of understanding between the predetermined strategies of imposed order, developed to direct patient care, and uncertainty stemming from patients’ personal understandings of health and unique responses to their current health event. The characteristics of caring practices are identified as thoughtful conversations and generative tensions as a consequence of the dialogical encounters that result in reflective understandings. Caring practices create a space for the centrality of the social in intellectual thinking where assumptions are questions, contextual influences are taken into account, and capacity building occurs at an individual and system level. Of note is that one of the themes, “making do”, resulted in nurses directing their attention in two different directions: towards their patient and towards system issues. Thus, “making-do” is seen to serve two different functions. One is that it resists the loss of different possibilities for care. The second is that it serves to maintain hegemonic norms. In the discussion related to the significance of the research, making do is identified as a fault line for the limiting of caring practices. The researcher concludes that there is a need for lens that would better enable nurses to examine the effects of contextual influences on nursing and nurses; to recognize the effects and opportunities related to changing worldviews.

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Lee, Michelle Stoddard. "Renovating the closet : nineteenth-century closet drama written by women as a stage for social critique." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/14312.

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My dissertation, "Renovating the Closet : Nineteenth-Century Closet Drama Written by Women as a Stage for Social Critique," contributes to a new understanding about nineteenth-century closet drama through three distinct and innovative texts: George Eliot's The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Michael Field's Stephania (1892), and Augusta Webster's A Woman Sold (1867). I contend that these three women writers employed the closet drama, a genre written in dramatic form but intended to be privately read or performed, to critique the social, cultural, and ideological limitations placed upon women of their time. In their symbolic use of the genre and innovative experiments with form, Eliot, Field, and Webster created a new stage on which their female protagonists challenge belief systems, institutions, and conventions that confine their gender roles, sexual identity, and social power. My chapter, "'Angel of the Homeless Tribe' : The Legacy of The Spanish Gypsy," shows how George Eliot melds the conventions of epic narrative with those of Victorian closet drama and reveals a dynamic connection between the character development and genre. Eliot's canonical novels are famous for their indictment of the limited roles Victorian culture offered to women. Equally famous are the tragic destinies of her rebellious heroines: they end up dead, unfulfilled, or virtually imprisoned. But scholars have failed to notice that in her experiment with The Spanish Gypsy, Eliot created a female epic: Fedalma, a woman of fifteenth-century Spain, becomes the leader of her "Gypsy" nation, sung into the future by an admiring bard. Eliot's formal experiment makes The Spanish Gypsy an important text for understanding how genre shaped gender representation in Eliot's canon, and in Victorian literature generally. My chapter, "'Something of His Manhood Falls' : Stephania as Critique of Victorian Male Aesthetics and Masculinity," offers Stephania as Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper's commentary on the predominantly-male Aesthetic and Decadent movements of the 1890s. Through the pseudonym Michael Field, Bradley and Cooper wrote their way into, and claimed their own space inside, a very exclusive males-only closet. The chapter demonstrates how Stephania, set in Rome 1002 A.D., reclaims agency for a Victorian artistic "sisterhood" adulterated and exiled by a "brotherhood" of male Decadents (who saw woman as a nemesis to social order, personal salvation, and creative production), both through its form, and its cast of three: Stephania, Emperor Otho, and his old tutor Gerbert. Stephania, a former Empress turned courtesan bent on revenge for her husband's murder, challenges homosocial exclusivity and ultimately triumphs as a symbolic queen and emperor. Successful in her plan to bring down Otho through her seduction and manipulation of both men, Stephania is redeemed and saved; she has restored social order. In its resistance of the boundaries and expectations of the closet drama genre, Stephania projects a new ideology for Victorian womanhood and female authorship. My last chapter, "'I Could Be Tempted' : The Ev(e)olution of the Angel in the House in A Woman Sold," presents A Woman Sold as an early example of Augusta Webster's strategic social rhetoric, as her use of the closet drama acts as a structural metaphor for the sociomythological confinement of the nineteenth-century middle class woman. I investigate how A Woman Sold exposes the notion that marriage for nineteenth-century middle class women symbolized a closet of social and cultural paralysis, as grown from a history of socially and culturally institutionalized gender expectations. At the same time, I demonstrate how Webster employs irony through a nexus of genre, narrative, and form to support and advocate for opportunities outside marriage that encourage female agency to develop. Essentially, the fundamental argument in this dissertation hinges on the ways in which Eliot, Field, and Webster revised the conventional closet drama to renovate and, in turn, reveal the metaphorical and literal closets that confined social and cultural possibilities for nineteenth-century women.
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Kruger, Johanna Alida. "The Actual versus the Fictional in Betrayal, The Real Thing and Closer." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18570.

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Although initially dismissed as superficial, Harold Pinter’s Betrayal, Tom Stoppard’s The Real Thing, and Patrick Marber’s Closer use the theme of marital betrayal as a trope to investigate metatheatrical and epistemological issues. This study aims to demonstrate how these three plays define and explore the concept of authenticity within the fictional as well as the actual world; how arbitrary the construction and mediation of the characters’ identities are, not only from their own perspective, but also from the audience’s; the significance of the audience’s role in these plays and how issues of authenticity, fictionality and dishonesty impact on a genre that depends on illusion. This study intends to provide a new interpretation of these three texts through an analysis drawn from postmodern and poststructuralist theories, concerning the concept of authenticity within art and language. This study finds that the fictional worlds in these plays are created through mediation, which includes everyday language as well as complex works of art. Authenticity is shown to be an elusive concept. Language is either unsuccessfully used to force authentic responses from characters, or as a shield. In Betrayal, language functions as a protective barrier, preventing the characters from knowing one another. The Real Thing suggests that although inauthenticity may be established, the inverse is not necessarily true. In Closer, the characters try in vain to access authenticity through different registers of language. Furthermore, neither the body nor the mind is shown to be the locus of authenticity in Closer. Within the postmodern context where originality is impossible, mimicry is not seen as something external and inauthentic, but as inextricably part of human existence. The audience is drawn into the fictional world of these plays as its members are able to identify with the disillusionment of the characters and their inability to form a definitive view of each other. Simultaneously, the audience is ousted from the fictional world by being reminded of the author’s presence through metatheatrical devices. These plays take advantage of the fictional status of theatre to explore issues of authenticity, positioning them in direct opposition to postdramatic and verbatim plays.
Afrikaans and Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Theory of Literature)

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Krüger, Johanna Alida. "The Actual versus the Fictional in Betrayal, The Real Thing and Closer." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18570.

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Text in English
Although initially dismissed as superficial, Harold Pinter’s Betrayal, Tom Stoppard’s The Real Thing, and Patrick Marber’s Closer use the theme of marital betrayal as a trope to investigate metatheatrical and epistemological issues. This study aims to demonstrate how these three plays define and explore the concept of authenticity within the fictional as well as the actual world; how arbitrary the construction and mediation of the characters’ identities are, not only from their own perspective, but also from the audience’s; the significance of the audience’s role in these plays and how issues of authenticity, fictionality and dishonesty impact on a genre that depends on illusion. This study intends to provide a new interpretation of these three texts through an analysis drawn from postmodern and poststructuralist theories, concerning the concept of authenticity within art and language. This study finds that the fictional worlds in these plays are created through mediation, which includes everyday language as well as complex works of art. Authenticity is shown to be an elusive concept. Language is either unsuccessfully used to force authentic responses from characters, or as a shield. In Betrayal, language functions as a protective barrier, preventing the characters from knowing one another. The Real Thing suggests that although inauthenticity may be established, the inverse is not necessarily true. In Closer, the characters try in vain to access authenticity through different registers of language. Furthermore, neither the body nor the mind is shown to be the locus of authenticity in Closer. Within the postmodern context where originality is impossible, mimicry is not seen as something external and inauthentic, but as inextricably part of human existence. The audience is drawn into the fictional world of these plays as its members are able to identify with the disillusionment of the characters and their inability to form a definitive view of each other. Simultaneously, the audience is ousted from the fictional world by being reminded of the author’s presence through metatheatrical devices. These plays take advantage of the fictional status of theatre to explore issues of authenticity, positioning them in direct opposition to postdramatic and verbatim plays.
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Theory of Literature)

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Books on the topic "Closet drama"

1

Closet drama. Cohasset, CA: Bear Star Press, 2001.

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Alan, Ruch, ed. Clarissa's closet. New Orleans, La: Anchorage Press, 1996.

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Privacy, playreading, and women closet drama, 1550-1700. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Straznicky, Marta. Privacy, playreading, and women's closet drama, 1550-1700. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Francoeur, Bill. There's a monster in my closet! Englwood, CO (P.O. box 4267, Englewood 80155): Pioneer Drama Service, 2008.

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Dramatic difference: Gender, class, and genre in the early modern closet drama. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2001.

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Closet performances: Political exhibition and prohibition in the dramas of Byron and Shelley. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1998.

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Puchner, Martin. Stage fright: Modernism, anti-theatricality, and drama. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2002.

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Burroughs, Catherine B. Closet stages: Joanna Baillie and the theater theory of British romantic women writers. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997.

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Oh Dad, poor Dad, Mamma's hung you in the closet and I'm feelin' so sad: A farce in three scenes. New York: S. French, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Closet drama"

1

Burroughs, Catherine. "Introduction." In Closet Drama, 3–31. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-1.

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Bogel, Fredric V. "“Crazier than a fish with titties”." In Closet Drama, 173–200. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-10.

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Salvato, Nick. "Closet television, queer Hooperman." In Closet Drama, 203–16. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-11.

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Sack, Daniel. "Theatrical performance in the margins." In Closet Drama, 217–24. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-12.

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Burroughs, Catherine. "Appendix." In Closet Drama, 225–45. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-13.

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Lorenz, Philip. "The baroque closet." In Closet Drama, 32–59. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-2.

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Prawdzik, Brendan. "Inverted catharsis in Milton’s Samson Agonistes." In Closet Drama, 60–82. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-3.

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Pero, Allan. "“Appalling tabernacle of self and unbelief”." In Closet Drama, 83–94. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-4.

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Crisafulli, Lilla Maria. "Horror and terror, gender and fear in Joanna Baillie’s Orra." In Closet Drama, 97–111. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-5.

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Saglia, Diego. "Restoration in the closet." In Closet Drama, 112–26. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in theatre and performance studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315107394-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Closet drama"

1

Subramanian, Lavanya, Kaushik Vaidyanathan, Anant Nori, Sreenivas Subramoney, Tanay Karnik, and Hong Wang. "Closed yet open DRAM." In DAC '18: The 55th Annual Design Automation Conference 2018. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3195970.3196008.

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Choi, Jungwhan, Wongyu Shin, Jaemin Jang, Jinwoong Suh, Yongkee Kwon, Youngsuk Moon, and Lee-Sup Kim. "Multiple clone row DRAM." In ISCA '15: The 42nd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2749469.2750402.

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Lorenz, H., and C. Engel. "Investigations of Leakage Paths in Sub-0.35μm DRAM Products Using Advanced Focused Ion Beam Techniques." In ISTFA 1998. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1998p0289.

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Abstract Due to the continuously decreasing cell size of DRAMs and concomitantly diminishing thickness of some insulating layers new failure mechanisms appear which until now had no significance for the cell function. For example high resistance leakage paths between closely spaced conductors can lead to retention problems. These are hard to detect by electrical characterization in a memory tester because the involved currents are in the range of pA. To analyze these failures we exploit the very sensitive passive voltage contrast of the Focused Ion Beam Microscope (FIB). The voltage contrast can further be enhanced by in-situ FIB preparations to obtain detailed information about the failure mechanism. The first part of this paper describes a method to detect a leakage path between a borderless contact on n-diffusion and an adjacent floating gate by passive voltage contrast achieved after FIB circuit modification. In the second part we will demonstrate the localization of a DRAM trench dielectric breakdown. In this case the FIB passive voltage contrast technique is not limited to the localization of the failing trench. We can also obtain the depth of the leakage path by selective insitu etching with XeF2 stopped immediately after a voltage contrast change.

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Stankovic, V. V., and N. Z. Milenkovic. "DRAM Controller with a Close-Page Predictor." In EUROCON 2005 - The International Conference on "Computer as a Tool". IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurcon.2005.1630025.

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Subramanian, Lavanya, Kaushik Vaidyanathan, Anant Nori, Sreenivas Subramoney, Tanay Karnik, and Hong Wang. "Closed yet Open DRAM: Achieving Low Latency and High Performance in DRAM Memory Systems." In 2018 55th ACM/ESDA/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dac.2018.8465817.

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Jeon, Sanghyeon, Taehong Ha, Youngwoo Kim, Hyuckchai Jung, Taewoo Lee, Kyupil Lee, and Insoo Cho. "A Reduction of Off-Leakage Current of SWD (Sub-WordLine Driver) pMOSFET for NWL-Based Mobile DRAM." In ISTFA 2013. ASM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2013p0407.

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Abstract We demonstrate an effective way of reducing off-leakage current in sub-wordline driver pMOSFETs with lightly-doped source/drain, where gate-induced drain leakage current is much relaxed, compared with those of asymmetric source/drain. In mobile DRAM, one of key parameters is to achieve an extremely low level of standby current in power consumption. What has been found is that an increase of offleakage current in the pMOSFET is related closely to a contact-formation process, in particular, TiSi2 in p+/n junction. When a direct contact becomes close to a source/drain region, a titanium atom in TiSi2 tends not only to diffuse into a depletion region of p+/n junction but to play a critical role in leakage current. Maximizing a distance between p+ gate and its direct contact should be emphasized in order to control offleakage current in such a pMOSFET.

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Vidulin, Sabina. "MUSIC TEACHING AND LISTENING TO ART MUSIC IN THE FUNCTION OF STUDENTS’ HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT." In SCIENCE AND TEACHING IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT. FACULTY OF EDUCATION IN UŽICE, UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/stec20.391v.

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Music is a part of a child’s everyday life. In family and in preschool institutions, its function is different from the one in school. Music teaching influences the overall students’ development, which can be seen from a pedagogical and artistic perspective. It is aimed at acquiring knowledge and developing students’ skills in the field of art; it encourages aesthetic education, but also the preservation of historical and cultural heritage. The domain in which this is mostly realized is listening to music and music understanding. With the intention of bringing art music closer to children and young people, its more intense experiencing and understanding, the paper points to the necessity for an interdisciplinary and correlative relationship of music with other subjects, but also musical activities with each other. Since the author intends to indicate the importance of creating new didactical strategies for music teaching lessons, the Stage-English-Music concepts, the Listening to Music-Music Making model and the Cognitive-emotional approach to listening to music are briefly described. These strategies for the improvement of music listening are based on an interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary approach, depending on whether they include extracurricular activities in the work (e.g. English and drama education), or the work is carried out within musical activities such as singing, playing, or dancing with musicologically, but also humanistically oriented outcomes. Practice and research indicate that in addition to acquiring musical knowledge and developing musical skills, multimodal approaches affect students’ holistic development.

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Mitchell, James, John Cunningham, Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy, Robert Drost, and Ron Ho. "Integrating Novel Packaging Technologies for Large Scale Computer Systems." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89355.

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Proximity Communication (PxC) enables VLSI chips placed face-to-face to communicate using close-field capacitive coupling. In a 90 nm standard CMOS technology, using the packaging techniques described in this paper, PxC provides chip-to-chip latency of 2.5 ns at 4 Gb/s per channel with less than 2.5 mW/Gb/s, an areal bandwidth density of 0.83 Tb/s/mm2, and a BER less than 10−15. At a system level, the benefits of PxC scale directly with the number of chips that can be packaged together, because PxC enables designers to aggregate multiple chips that perform as a single large piece of silicon. The chips can also be heterogeneous to provide an optimized mix of process technology and functionality, such as integrating DRAM chips, NAND flash memory, and CMOS processor chips. In this paper we describe packaging advances and technology prototypes that enable PxC and provide its system-level benefits.

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Tung, Fletcher (Cheng-Piao), Jensen (Ying-Chou) Tsai, Yu-Po Wang, Joe (Chih-Nan) Lin, and Gary (Yue-Long) Fan. "Packaging Challenges of Thin High Bandwidth POP." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11181.

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Abstract Components for Smartphone has been the biggest driving force of IC industry for years, and one of the most important IC is application processor (AP). AP needs to work with low power double data rate (LPDDR), the mobile DRAM together for the primary processing of cellular phone and other smart functions. At the beginning, they were packaged separately and then mounted onto printed circuit board (PCB) very close to each other. Nowadays, AP for flagship Smartphone is packaged with a variety of PoP (package on package) structures to shorten the communication distance between AP and LPDDR as well as to save more rooms for battery. High bandwidth package on package (HBW-POP) is the most popular structure among them. As compared to other substrate based PoP, HBW-POP provides the most top side pin count while keeps larger ball pitch for system assembly house to mount LPDDR packaged by fine-pitch ball grid array (FBGA) on top of it. And compared to novel Fan-Out based PoP, HBW-POP has lower cost for AP packaging. In addition, maximum package height of HBW-POP has been shrinking. It is because when LPDDR is mounted onto HBW-POP, the combination is always the tallest chips on the PCB, which determines how slim specific Smartphone can be. HBW-POP consists of 3 parts to encapsulate AP die, and they are top 2-layer substrate, middle molding and bottom 3-layer substrate. Each part has its own coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and rigidity, and the warpage performance of HBW-POP is important to align the warpage behavior of LPDDR. The warpage of HBW-POP needs to align with FBGA properly during reflow for good joint, but when HBW-POP becomes thinner, the rigidity of its different parts is changed, which result in different warpage behavior during the reflow. In this paper, we will review the challenges of thin HBW-POP packaging, meanwhile we will explore possible solutions to address each challenge. The study includes the screening of different thickness combination of the 3 parts of HBW-POP, and the optimization of the rigidity and CTE of them. Design of Experiments (DOE) are conducted to find solutions which can meet warpage target, and finally, we present more different tests to prove the reliability of our results.

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