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1
Raffestin, Stéphanie. "Régulation de la toxinogenèse chez Clostridium botulinum et Clostridium tetani." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077044.
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Holliday, Malcolm G. "The immunochemistry and metabolism of Clostridium tetani." Thesis, Keele University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328569.
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Brüggemann, Holger. "Die vollständige Entschlüsselung der Genomsequenz des Tetanus-Erregers Clostridium tetani und die Analyse seines genetischen Potentials." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969514581.
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Marvaud, Jean-Christophe. "Contribution a l'etude des proteines associees aux neurotoxines clostridiennes et vectorisation de proteines dans les cellules (doctorat : microbiologie)." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA114851.
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Fratelli, Fernando. "Avaliação da produção de toxina tetânica por \"Clostridium tetani\" cultivado por processos fermentativos descontínuo e descontínuo alimentado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9134/tde-06122007-163303/.
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A toxina tetânica é uma proteína sintetizada pelo bacilo Clostridium tetani que após destoxificação através da ação do formol, continua apresentando propriedades antigênicas e imunogênicas, obtendo a denominação toxóide tetânico. A síntese dessa proteína ocorre quando esse bacilo encontra-se na sua forma vegetativa e em meio de cultura específico relativamente complexo contendo glicose e peptonas. O efeito simultâneo de diferentes níveis de glicose (Go) e N-Z Case TT® (NZo) como fontes de carbono e nitrogênio, respectivamente, na produção de toxina tetânica foi investigada nesta primeira parte do trabalho em cultivo estático por meio de planejamento fatorial em estrela com cinco níveis e avaliado por metodologia de superfície de resposta, com a finalidade de otimização do processo. O valor mais alto de toxina tetânica encontrado, correspondente a Go = 9,7 g/L e NZo = 43,5 g/L, foi 79% maior que aqueles obtidos em condições padrões de cultivo (Go = 8,0 g/L e NZo = 25,0 g/L). Também foram realizados cultivos de C. tetani utilizando o processo descontínuo alimentado com diferentes protocolos para a correção da concentração de glicose no meio de cultivo ao longo do tempo em diferentes concentrações iniciais de N-Z Case TT®. Dois grupos de ensaios foram executados: a) experimentos realizados com a correção da concentração de glicose para 3,0 g/L nos instantes 16, 56 e 88 h e b) experimentos com correção inicial da concentração de glicose para 3,0 g/L e após esta cair para 1-1,5 g/L. O primeiro protocolo de correção da concentração de glicose e NZo = 50,0 g/L foram as melhores condições para obtenção de toxina tetânica. Nestas condições, o título de toxina tetânica foi 300% maior que aqueles obtidos em cultivos padrão.The tetanus toxin is a neurotoxin synthesized by the bacillus Clostridium tetani that, after detoxification with formaldehyde, still exhibits antigenic and immunologic properties, hence its denomination of tetanus toxoid. Such a neurotoxin is produced by cultivations of the microorganism in vegetative form on a relatively complex specific medium containing glucose and peptone. The simultaneous effects of the starting levels of glucose (Go) and N-Z Case TT® (NZo) as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, on the production of tetanus toxin, have been investigated in this work in static cultivations by means of a five-levels star-shaped experimental design and evaluated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for optimization purposes. The highest final average yield of tetanus toxin, achieved at Go = 9.7 g/L and NZo = 43.5 g/L, was 79% higher than that obtained with standard cultivations (Go = 8.0 g/L and NZo = 25.0 g/L). Also, there were carried out cultivations of C. tetani using fed-batch process at different protocols to correct the glucose concentration in the cultivation medium along the time at different initial N-Z Case TT® concentrations (NZo). Two series of runs were performed: a) experiments with the correction of the glucose concentration to 3.0 g/L in the times 16, 56 and 88 hours and b) experiments with initial correction of the glucose concentration to 3.0 g/L and after it to drop to 1-1,5 g/L. The former protocol to correct the glucose concentration and NZo = 50.0 g/L were the best condition to obtain tetanus toxin. In these conditions, the yield of tetanus toxin was 300% higher than that obtained with standard cultivations.
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Roßkopf, Ute. "Validierung der Wirksamkeitsprüfung für Clostridium tetani Impfstoffe ad usum veterinarium durch den direkten Nachweis von Tetanus-Antitoxin im Zieltier mittels ELISA." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2007/4469/index.html.
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Roßkopf, Ute [Verfasser]. "Validierung der Wirksamkeitsprüfung für Clostridium-tetani-Impfstoffe ad usum veterinarium durch den direkten Nachweis von Tetanus-Antitoxin im Zieltier mittels ELISA / eingereicht von Ute Roßkopf." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988682664/34.
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Moser, Rebekka. "IgG Antiköperbestimmung gegen Haemophilus influenza Typ b, Streptococcus pneumoniae Stereotypen 14 und 19F und Clostridium tetani Toxin in Nabelschnurseren und Seren von 0-6 Monate alten Säuglingen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Schutze, Marie-Paule. "Suppression epitopique et vaccins synthetiques : evidences, mecanismes et alternatives." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066619.
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Serra, Vincent. "Influence de l'association C3b-toxine tétanique sur la production de peptides immunogéniques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10046.
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La proteine c3 est impliquee dans de nombreux mecanismes de defense de l'organisme contre des elements etrangers pathogenes. C3 participe a la reponse immune naturelle : element clef du syteme du complement, elle intervient dans l'elimination des complexes immuns. Cette proteine participe egalement a la reponse immune specifique : son influence dans l'activation b a clairement ete etablie. Un role dans l'appretement et la presentation de l'ag a egalement ete suggere. Mon projet de recherche a vise a determiner l'influence de c3b sur la generation de peptides antigeniques de la tt au cours de l'appretement dans la cpa. Je me suis d'abord interesse a mieux definir les effets de l'association de c3b a la toxine tetanique (tt) dans la presentation par les cpa aux cellules t. Les complexes tt-c3b activent tous les clones t specifiques des epitopes p2 et p30 a des doses 100 fois moins importantes, par rapport a la tt libre. Cette meilleure efficacite de presentation des cpa ne resulte pas, dans mon systeme experimentale, d'une modification de neosynthese de molecules hla-dr ou de b7. Mon etude s'est portee dans un deuxieme temps sur l'analyse de l'influence des complexes tt-c3b sur la stabilite en sds des molecules hla-dr. L'appretement de complexes tt-c3b permet la synthese de 2 fois plus de formes hla-dr1 compactes qu'avec la tt libre. Ces resultats demontrent que la proteine c3b modifie une ou plusieurs etapes de l'appretement de l'ag qui lui est associe. La production de formes hla-dr compactes en presence de complexes tt-c3b est preferentiellement observee dans les compartiments tardifs de la voie endocytaire, de type lysosomal. Je me suis enfin efforce de determiner les sequences des peptides de la tt naturellement generes par une cpa et associes aux molecules hla-dr, ainsi que d'analyser l'influence de l'association de c3b. L'appretement des complexes tt-c3b permet de generer des epitopes t differents de ceux de la tt, dont la quantite (ou l'immunogenicite) est responsable d'une meilleure activation des clones t utilises. Ces resultats suggerent donc un role direct de c3b dans la generation des epitopes t au cours de l'appretement de la tt, en favorisant la production de peptides immunogeniques differents, capables de se lier aux molecules hla-dr et d'activer de facon plus importante les clones t specifiques.
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Schmitt, Christian. "Etude de clones de lymphocytes t humains specifiques de l'anatoxine tetanique." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077003.
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Pernollet, Martine. "Modification de l'antigène toxine tétanique par des radicaux libres oxygénés et par des protéines à activité peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomérase : influence sur sa présentation à des lymphocytes T spécifiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10238.
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L'influence du radical libre oxygene, le radical hydroxyle (oh) et des proteines a activite peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase sur le traitement de l'antigene toxine tetanique par des cellules presentatrices d'antigenes (lymphocytes b) a ete etudiee. En ce qui concerne le radical hydroxyle, sa production par des cellules de type macrophagique a ete reproduite a l'aide d'un systeme chimique. La toxine tetanique traitee par le radical oh subit un changement de conformation, et des liaisons bityrosine intramoleculaires resistantes a la proteolyse sont formees. La toxine ainsi modifiee est plus resistante a la proteolyse in vitro par des fractions endosomales isolees des cellules presentatrices. Cette diminution de proteolyse est correlee a une meilleure presentation par des cellules presentatrices fixees, a des lymphocytes t lorsque cet antigene est pre-proteolyse in vitro par des fractions endosomales. Ainsi, le radical oh favorise la presentation des epitopes de la toxine en les protegeant contre une proteolyse trop importante. La production du radical oh par un autre systeme chimique a permis de montrer l'existence d'un site de fixation pour le zinc a l'interieur de la chaine legere de la toxine, au niveau d'un epitope t. En ce qui concerne les activites peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (ppiase), celles-ci ont pu etre mises en evidence dans les fractions endosomales de cellules presentatrices. L'addition a ces fractions endosomales de proteines a activite ppiase telles que la cyclophiline ou la fkbp augmente la proteolyse de la toxine tetanique. Il reste a tester les consequences de cet effet sur la presentation de cette derniere a des lymphocytes t. Un autre point de ce travail a ete la mise en evidence de la phosphorylation in vitro de la cyclophiline par la proteine kinase c purifiee. L'etude des consequences de cette phosphorylation sur l'activite ppiase de la cyclophiline est en cours
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Ventura, Nelson João Carneiro. "As neurotoxinas de clostridium sp.: os mecanismos de ação e a sua importância clínica." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5295.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasAs neurotoxinas produzidas por espécies do género Clostridium, responsáveis pelo tétano e botulismo, são classificadas como potentes metaloproteases constituídas por três domínios funcionais dotados de diferentes funções: ligação neuroespecífica; internalização neuronal; translocação membranar; atividade proteolítica do complexo proteico soluble N-ethylmaleimide fusion attachment protein Receptor (SNARE). Os sete serotipos de neurotoxinas botulínicas (BoNTs) inibem a libertação de acetilcolina ao nível dos terminais colinérgicos periféricos. A neurotoxina tetânica (TeNT), após ligação e internalização aos terminais colinérgicos periféricos sofre um transporte axonal reverso até à espinal medula onde inibe a libertação de ácido λ-aminobutírico (GABA) e glicina nos interneurónios inibitórios. A sinaptobrevina representa o local proteolítico das BoNTs dos serotipos B, D, F e G e da TeNT, enquanto que a SNAP-25 constitui o alvo de ação das BoNTs dos serotipos E, A e C. Para além da SNAP-25 a sintaxina 1 representa outro alvo proteolítico da BoNT do serotipo C. O botulismo é uma doença rara que tem como principal agente etiológico a espécie C. botulinum responsável pela síntese e secreção de BoNTs. A intoxicação alimentar e a colonização intestinal de crianças entre uma semana e um ano de idade representam as principais vias de exposição da doença, que se manifesta por uma paralisia muscular flácida generalizada associada a uma inibição do sistema parassimpático podendo na fase mais avançada da levar à morte por insuficiência respiratória. O tétano nos dias de hoje é uma doença endémica apenas para alguns países subdesenvolvidos. C. tetani representa o agente etiológico do tétano pela produção da TeNT. A contaminação de feridas com esporos bacterianos constitui a fonte de propagação da doença que se traduz numa hiperatividade generalizada dos músculos esqueléticos associada a espasmos e rigidez muscular. O comprometimento generalizado do sistema simpático representa a principal causa de morte da doença. Atualmente as BoNTs estão aprovadas para o tratamento de uma vasta gama de patologias associadas à hiperfunção dos terminais colinérgicos periféricos.
The neurotoxins produced by species of the genus Clostridium, responsible for botulism and tetanus are potent metalloprotease classified as consisting of three functional domains endowed with different functions: neuro specific bond; neuronal internalization; membrane translocation; proteolytic activity of the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide fusion attachment protein Receptor) protein complex. Seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) inhibit the release of acetylcholine at the level of peripheral cholinergic terminals. The tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) and internalization following binding to peripheral cholinergic terminals undergoes a reverse axonal transport to the spinal cord, where it inhibits the release of λ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine in inhibitory interneurons. Synaptobrevin is the site of proteolytic BoNTs serotypes B, D, F and G and TeNT, while SNAP-25 is the action target of the BoNTs serotype E, A and C. In addition to SNAP-25 and syntaxin 1 represents another target for proteolytic BoNT serotype C. Botulism is a rare disease whose main etiologic agent C. botulinum responsible for the synthesis and secretion of BoNTs. Food poisoning and intestinal colonization in children between one week and one year of age represent the main ways of exposure of the disease, manifested by a widespread flaccid muscular paralysis associated with an inhibition of the parasympathetic system, may in advanced stage lead to death by respiratory failure. Tetanus today is endemic only some underdeveloped countries. C. tetani is the causative agent of tetanus for the production of TeNT. The contamination of wounds with bacterial spores is the source of spread of disease which translates into a general hyperactivity of skeletal muscles associated with muscle spasticity. The widespread involvement of the sympathetic nervous system is the leading cause of death from the disease. BoNTs are the currently approved for the treatment of a wide range of conditions associated with cholinergic hyperfunction of peripheral terminals.
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Whelan, Sarah Michelle. "Molecular characterisation and detection of clostridial neurotoxin genes." Thesis, Open University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357194.
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Quevedo, Pedro de Souza. "Clostridioses em ruminantes na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2565.
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Previous issue date: 2010-12-20A retrospective study of clostridial diagnosed in ruminants from 1978-2008 in southern Rio Grande do Sul, was conducted in the influence area of the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas. Out of 5.446 bovine specimens sent by practitioners or from necropsies performed 91 (1,67%) were diagnosed as clostridiosis. Of those, 30 (0.55%) were diagnosed as by black leg, 15 (0.27%) as bacillary hemoglobinuria, 9 (0.16%) as botulism, 9 (0.16%) as malignant edema, and 28 (0.51%) as tetanus. Out of 860 sheep specimens 49 (5.69%) were bacterial diseases and 14 (28,57%) of those were diagnosed as clostridiosis, being 10 (1.16%) cases of tetanus, 3 (0.34%) of malignant edema, and 1 (0.11%) %) of enterotoxemia. It was concluded that some clostridiosis cause important losses in livestock in Rio Grande do Sul, mainly black leg. The vaccination of young stock against black leg is recommended in the whole state. Vaccination against botulism is recommended in areas of native pastures where phosphorus deficieny occurs, and vaccination against bacillary hemoglobinuria is recommended in low lands where fasciolosis is enzootic. In cattle, tetanus may occur as outbreaks with significant economic losses, recommending also the vaccination of animals. In sheep clostridioses are less important being tetanus the more frequent. Good hygienic practices, mainly during castration or tail are recommended to prevent the disease. Enterotoxemia is a rare disease in the region, because most sheep are raised in native pastures with limited grass production; vaccination is only recommended in sheep grazing in cultivate pastures or supplemented with concentrates.
Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos diagnósticos de clostridioses ocorridos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul correspondente a área de influência do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas entre janeiro 1978 e janeiro de 2008 e acompanhados os casos de clostridioses diagnosticados nos anos 2009 e 2010. De um total de 5.446 materiais de bovinos provenientes de necropsias ou órgãos enviados 91 (1,67%) correspondiam a enfermidades causadas por bactérias do gênero Clostridium sendo 30 (0,55%) de carbúnculo sintomático, 15 (0,27%) de hemoglobinúria bacilar, 9 (0,16%) de botulismo, 9 (0,16%) de edema maligno e 28 (0,51%) de tétano. De 860 materiais de ovinos 49 (5,69%) diagnósticos corresponderam a doenças bacterianas e desses 14 (28,57%) foram de surtos de clostridioses. Dos 14 surtos de clostridioses observados em ovinos 10 (1,16%) foram de tétano, três (0,34%) de edema maligno e um (0,11%) de enterotoxemia. Concluiu-se que algumas clostridioses causam prejuízos econômicos à bovinocultura da região, principalmente o carbúnculo sintomático, recomendando-se a vacinação sistemática dos bovinos jovens contra esta clostridiose. Recomenda-se, também, a vacinação contra botulismo, em áreas de campo nativo onde ocorre carência de fósforo e contra hemoglobinúria bacilar em áreas de campos baixos onde ocorre infecção por Fasciola hepatica. Em bovinos o tétano pode ocorrer como surtos com prejuízos econômicos importantes, recomendando-se, também, a vacinação dos animais. Em ovinos as clostridioses têm pouca importância, sendo o tétano a mais frequente. Para a profilaxia desta doença em ovinos recomenda-se utilizar práticas de manejo, como descola e castração, em condições adequadas de higiene. Enterotoxemia é uma enfermidade rara na região por que a maioria dos ovinos permanece em campos nativos com limitada produção de foragem; recomenda-se a vacinação somente em animais em pastagens cultivadas ou suplementados com concentrados.
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Raymundo, Djeison Lutier. "Estudo comparativo das clostridioses diagnosticadas no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/23715.
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Descreve-se os achados epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos das clostridioses diagnosticadas no Setor de Patologia Veterinaria da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul no período 1996-março/2010. Este estudo incluiu uma pesquisa retrospectiva nos arquivos do SPV e uma etapa prospectiva, a qual também teve o objetivo de desenvolver exames complementares específicos para cada clostridiose. As clostridioses mais prevalentes foram tétano (em equinos, bovinos, ovinos e caprinos), botulismo (em bovinos, suínos e aves) e enterotoxemia (em caprinos). Também houve casos de edema maligno em equinos, bem como de carbúnculo sintomático e hemoglobinúria em bovinos. Adicionalmente, foram coletadas amostras de soro sanguíneo de animais afetados por tétano, em diferentes estágios de evolução da doença, para subsequente inoculação em camundongos (testes de bioensaio) e comprovação da técnica no diagnóstico da enfermidade.This study describes the epidemiological and clinicopathological findings of clostridial diseases diagnosed in the 1996-March, 2010 period in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV_UFRGS). A retrospective survey in the files of SPV was complemented with a prospective phase, which also aimed developing complementary diagnostic tests of clostridiosis. The most prevalent clostridiosis were tetanus (in horses, cattle, sheep and goats), botulism (in cattle, pigs and birds), and enterotoxemia in goats. There also were cases of malignant edema in horses, blackleg and bacillary hemoglobinuria in cattle. In addition, blood serum samples from animals affected by tetanus on different stages of the disease evolution were applied in mice bioassay, as a complementary diagnosing test for the disease.
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Brüggemann, Holger. "Die vollständige Entschlüsselung der Genomsequenz des Tetanus-Erregers Clostridium tetani und die Analyse seines genetischen Potentials." Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AE61-8.
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Lin, Yu-Hsien, and 林育賢. "Identification of Functional Role of Tyrosine Residues in Clostridium tetani H+-PPase." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70491316889534825565.
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碩士國立清華大學
生物資訊與結構生物研究所
100
Proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase, EC 3.6.1.1) is a crucial enzyme which sustains pH homeostasis of organisms. This enzyme generates and maintains the proton gradient across the vacuolar membrane by hydrolyzing the PPi as energy, thus enabling to transport other important ions and metabolites through the biomembrane. Though the research of H+-PPase in plants has been conducted, H+-PPase of Clostridium tetani (CtH+-PPase) was selected as the model for further studies in this thesis. Previous studies indicated that tyrosine residues play an important role in proton translocation and its hydroxyl group in the functional group is able to accept and release protons. We thus replaced nineteen tyrosine residues in CtH+-PPase individually by alanine with the site-directed mutagenesis technique and analyzed their hydrolysis, proton-translocation and coupling ratio. The enzymatic activities of mutants on Y175, Y226, Y392, Y414 and Y471 were significantly decreased. These five tyrosine residues are highly-conserved in several species. Three dimensional structure suggests they also surround the proton channel of CtH+-PPase. Therefore, we speculated these five positions were involved in the catalytic activity. We then substituted these five tyrosine residues with other amino acids. The enzymatic activities of Y414S and Y414T were restored to approximately 75% of wild-type so that in this position the hydroxyl group is important to CtH+-PPase. From ion effects study, Y414 was also found to be associated with Na+-binding. In conclusion, the functional role of tyrosine residues in CtH+-PPase was substantially elucidated in our study.
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Lai, Yi-Chun, and 賴羿均. "Characterization of essential tyrosine residues of H+-translocating pyrophosphatases from Clostridium tetani." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20911055623265416490.
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碩士國立清華大學
生物資訊與結構生物研究所
101
Membrane-integral proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase; EC3.6.1.1) hydrolyzes pyrophosphate (PPi) and uses the energy to create the electrochemical proton gradient cross the membrane. Many studies indicated that tyrosine plays several functional roles in variety of enzymes, such as the phosphorylation site of post-translational regulation, the sorting signal of transmembrane proteins targeting, and direct involvement in enzymatic activity. To determine the critical functional roles of tyrosines in H+-PPase, all tyrosine residues from Clostridium tetani E88 H+-PPase were substituted with alanine by site-directed mutagenesis in Cys-less template and their functional properties examined. We found that 4 variants (Y226A, Y392A, Y414A and Y471A mutants) could not be expressed properly. Another mutant with normal expression, Y175A mutant, displayed deterioration in PPi hydrolysis activity. Moreover, we substituted these five tyrosines to other kinds of amino acids. All variants of Tyr → Phe or Tyr → Trp could be expressed as well as Cys-less mutant. Among these mutants, Y414S and Y414T exhibited a higher PPi hydrolysis activities compared to other substitutions, suggesting that the hydroxyl group is essential for the enzymatic activity. Furthermore, Y414S and Y414T mutants showed the distinct sensitivity of K+-stimulation and Na+-inhibition from Cys-less background. Based on the mutagenesis results and predicted structure, we speculate that Tyr-414 formed a hydrogen bond with Leu-441, which is essential for maintaining the structure of K+-binding site. Taken together, several unexpected functions of tyrosine residues in H+-PPase were revealed in this study.
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Chen, Yen Wei, and 陳彥瑋. "Functional and Fluorescence Analyses of Tryptophan Residues in H+-pyrophosphatase of Clostridium tetani." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16703712793254919394.
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博士國立清華大學
生物資訊與結構生物研究所
102
Homodimeric proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) maintains the cytoplasmic pH homeostasis of many bacteria and higher plants by coupling pyrophosphate (PPi) hydrolysis and proton translocation. H+-PPase accommodates several essential motifs involved in the catalytic mechanism, including the PPi binding motif and Acidic I and II motifs. In this study, 3 intrinsic tryptophan residues, Trp-75, Trp-365, and Trp-602, in H+-PPase from Clostridium tetani were used as internal probes to monitor the local conformational states of the periplasm domain, transmembrane region, and cytoplasmic domain, respectively. Upon binding of the substrate analog Mg-imidodiphosphate (Mg-IDP), local structural changes prevented the modification of tryptophan residues by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), especially at Trp-602. Following Mg-Pi binding, Trp-75 and Trp-365, but not Trp-602, were slightly protected from structural modifications by NBS. These results reveal the conformation of H+-PPase is distinct in the presence of different ligands. Moreover, analyses of the Stern-Volmer relationship and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy also indicate that the local structure around Trp-602 is more exposed to solvent and varied under different environments. In addition, Trp-602 was identified to be an essential residue in the H+-PPase that may potentially be involved in stabilizing the structure of the catalytic region by site-directed mutagenesis and trypsin proteolysis analyses.
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Brüggemann, Holger [Verfasser]. "Die vollständige Entschlüsselung der Genomsequenz des Tetanus-Erregers Clostridium tetani und die Analyse seines genetischen Potentials / vorgelegt von Holger Brüggemann." 2002. http://d-nb.info/969514581/34.
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Campos, Joana Cristina Pereira da Silva. "Tétano: estaremos conscientes da sua existência? Estudo retrospetivo de nove casos de tétano em clínica de pequenos animais." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/4632.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, Ciências VeterináriasO tétano é uma doença neurológica provocada pela tetanospasmina, uma neurotoxina produzida por um bacilo anaeróbio produtor de esporos, Clostridium tetani. Neste estudo de caráter retrospetivo pretendeu-se analisar as variáveis clínico-patológicas bem como o diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial, o tratamento e a evolução clínica do tétano em pequenos animais. Para tal foram cuidadosamente analisadas as fichas clínicas de nove animais diagnosticados com tétano entre 2004 e 2013 e que pertenciam à base de dados de uma clínica veterinária em Portugal e de um hospital veterinário de referência em Inglaterra. A população era constituída apenas por canídeos, pertencentes a várias raças de porte médio a grande, a maioria jovens, sendo cinco destes do sexo feminino. As anomalias faciais e a rigidez muscular generalizada associada a ataxia ou decúbito, foram os sinais clínicos mais frequentes. Em seis animais foi possível identificar um ferimento que possivelmente constituiu a porta de entrada do clostrídio responsável pela doença. No que toca ao tratamento, apenas cinco animais receberam a antitoxina. Contudo, a todos eles foram administrados antibióticos, tendo-lhes também sido prestados todos os cuidados de suporte necessários, nomeadamente a administração de relaxantes musculares e sedativos para controlo da rigidez e espasmos musculares. Em quatro situações surgiram complicações, nomeadamente pneumonias por aspiração, peritonite sética e convulsões. Dos nove animais, um faleceu devido ao desenvolvimento de uma peritonite sética e outro foi eutanasiado devido a uma provável pneumonia por aspiração. Os restantes sete animais recuperaram e tiveram alta. De acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo foi possível concluir que esta doença, apesar de implicar excelentes cuidados de enfermagem e uma monitorização constante apresenta, na maioria dos casos, um prognóstico favorável.
Tetanus is a neurological disorder caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus Clostridium tetani. This retrospective study was conducted in order to analyze the clinicopathological variables as well as clinical and laboratorial diagnosis, treatment and clinical evolution of tetanus in small animals. For that purpose the clinical files of nine animals diagnosed with tetanus between 2004 and 2013 in a veterinary clinic in Portugal and a referral veterinary hospital in England, were carefully analyzed. The population was composed only by dogs, of different medium and large breeds, most of them young and females. In what concerns to the clinical signs, facial anomalies and general muscle rigidity with ataxia or recumbency were the most frequent. In six animals it was possible to identify a wound that possibly was the entrance of the clostridium responsible for the disease. Regarding to treatment, five animals received a antitoxin, and all of them were given antibiotics and all the supportive care they needed, inclusive muscle relaxants and sedatives to control muscle rigidity and muscle spasms. Complications like aspiration pneumonia, septic peritonitis and seizures emerge in four situations. From the nine animals, one has died with a septic peritonitis and another one was euthanized due to possible aspiration pneumonia. The other seven animals have recovered and were discharged. With these results it was possible to conclude that despite implies intensive nurse care and careful monitoring in the majority of the cases, tetanus has a good prognosis.
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Barroso, Tiago Miguel Barbosa 1992. "Tétano : paralisia facial periférica e doença do soro associada a imunoglobulina anti-tetânica humana." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/29572.
Full textAbstract:
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2016O tétano é actualmente uma doença infecciosa rara nos países desenvolvidos. Trata-se de uma doença que pode ser eficazmente prevenida através da profilaxia primária (vacinação) ou secundária (profilaxia pós-exposição). Apesar da apresentação típica, a extrema raridade da doença nos países desenvolvidos, leva, frequentemente, a atrasos no diagnóstico. Após uma breve introdução teórica sobre a epidemiologia, patogénese, apresentação clínica, prevenção e tratamento, apresenta-se e discute-se um caso clínico. Trata-se de uma doente de 80 anos, que após ferida na face conspurcada com terra, desenvolveu um quadro de tétano cefálico com posterior generalização, que levou a internamento prolongado em unidade de cuidados intensivos. Inicialmente apresentou-se com trismus e paralisia facial periférica, e tal como em outros casos publicados, houve um atraso no diagnóstico. Durante o internamento desenvolveu, como complicação, doença do soro heterólogo associada à imunoglobulina anti-tetânica, associação não descrita previamente na literatura. A doente sobreviveu e teve alta sem défices neurológicos residuais. Na discussão descreve-se e aborda-se as falhas cometidas em três momentos fundamentais: a profilaxia primária, a profilaxia secundária e o diagnóstico.
Tetanus is nowadays a rare infectious disease in developed countries. It can be prevented through both primary (vaccination) and secondary (post-exposure) prophylaxis. Despite the typical presentation, the extreme rarity of the disease in developed countries frequently leads to a delay in diagnosis. After a brief review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, prevention and treatment, we present and discuss a clinical case. The patient was an 80 year old female, who after a contaminated wound to the face developed cephalic tetanus, which progressed to generalized tetanus, leading to prolonged hospital stay in an intensive care unit. Initial signs and symptoms were trismus and peripheral facial palsy, and as in other published case reports, there was a delay in diagnosis. During the hospital stay, the patient developed serum sickness due to administration of human anti-tetanus globulin, an association which has not previously been described. The patient survived, with no residual neurological deficits present at discharge. We describe and discuss mistakes made at three crucial moments in the management of tetanus: primary prophylaxis, secondary prophylaxis and diagnosis.