Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cloths

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Cloths'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Cloths"

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Gibson, Kristen E., Philip G. Crandall, and Steven C. Ricke. "Removal and Transfer of Viruses on Food Contact Surfaces by Cleaning Cloths." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 9 (2012): 3037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00027-12.

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ABSTRACTContamination of food contact surfaces with pathogens is considered an important vehicle for the indirect transmission of food-borne diseases. Five different cleaning cloths were assessed for the ability to remove viruses from food contact surfaces (stainless steel surface and nonporous solid surface) and to transfer viruses back to these surfaces. Cleaning cloths evaluated include two different cellulose/cotton cloths, one microfiber cloth, one nonwoven cloth, and one cotton terry bar towel. Four viral surrogates (murine norovirus [MNV], feline calicivirus [FCV], bacteriophages PRD1 and MS2) were included. Removal of FCV from stainless steel was significantly greater (P≤ 0.05) than that from nonporous solid surface, and overall removal of MNV from both surfaces was significantly less (P≤ 0.05) than that of FCV and PRD1. Additionally, the terry towel removed significantly fewer total viruses (P≤ 0.05) than the microfiber and one of the cotton/cellulose cloths. The cleaning cloth experiments were repeated with human norovirus. For transfer of viruses from cloth to surface, both cellulose/cotton cloths and microfiber transferred an average of 3.4 and 8.5 total PFU, respectively, to both surfaces, and the amounts transferred were significantly different (P≤ 0.05) from those for the nonwoven cloth and terry towel (309 and 331 total PFU, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05) in the amount of virus transfer between surfaces. These data indicate that while the cleaning cloths assessed here can remove viruses from surfaces, some cloths may also transfer a significant amount of viruses back to food contact surfaces.
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Onibonoje, Moses Oluwafemi, and Adedayo Olukayode Ojo. "A multipart distributed modelling approach for an automated protection system in open-air cloth drying." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 3 (2022): 2432. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i3.pp2432-2440.

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<span>There are different methods of drying wet clothes, but drying with direct sunlight is considered the best suited for the preservation of the quality and usability of the cloths. However, sudden rainfall during the drying period constitutes a major drawback of the method. This returns the cloths to a drenched state as it is practically impossible to watch the clothes dry off after washing. This paper has proposed a model for an automated system for controlled open-air fabric drying by detecting the rain and moisture status of the cloths in real-time, and capable of shielding them to safety from the rainfall and excess sun. The modelled part considers the sensing model, drying model, control model, and their validation. The implementation and evaluation stage relates the result of the validated results to the developed prototypes. The simulated results in the sensing unit indicate above 87.5% agreements with the analytical results, and the controller simulated result provides a relatively small overshoot and faster dynamic response. Manufacturers of hanger systems for cloth drying have a basis for the design and implementation of their products in the paper.</span>
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Moses, Oluwafemi Onibonoje, and Olukayode Ojo Adedayo. "A multipart distributed modelling approach for an automated protection system in open-air cloth drying." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 3 (2022): 2432–40. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i3.pp2432-2440.

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There are different methods of drying wet clothes but drying with direct sunlight is considered the best suited for the preservation of the quality and usability of the cloths. However, sudden rainfall during the drying period constitutes a major drawback of the method. This returns the cloths to a drenched state as it is practically impossible to watch the clothes dry off after washing. This paper has proposed a model for an automated system for controlled open-air fabric drying by detecting the rain and moisture status of the cloths in real-time, and capable of shielding them to safety from the rainfall and excess sun. The modelled part considers the sensing model, drying model, control model, and their validation. The implementation and evaluation stage relate the result of the validated results to the developed prototypes. The simulated results in the sensing unit indicate above 87.5% agreements with the analytical results, and the controller simulated result provides a relatively small overshoot and faster dynamic response. Manufacturers of hanger systems for cloth drying have a basis for the design and implementation of their products in the paper.
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SREEDHARAN, ASWATHY, KEITH R. SCHNEIDER, and MICHELLE D. DANYLUK. "Salmonella Transfer Potential onto Tomatoes during Laboratory-Simulated In-Field Debris Removal." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 7 (2014): 1062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-509.

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Florida Tomato Good Agricultural Practices (T-GAPs) mandate the removal of dirt and debris from tomatoes during harvest but do not provide any specific regulations or guidance; thus, the current practice of using cloths needs to be evaluated. This study examined Salmonella transfer from inoculated green tomatoes to uninoculated cloths and from inoculated cloths to uninoculated tomatoes, upon single and multiple touches. Tomatoes were spot inoculated with a rifampin-resistant Salmonella cocktail (107 CFU per tomato) and were touched with cloth (clean, dirty-dry, dirty-wet) at 0, 1, or 24 h postinoculation. Salmonella was enumerated on tryptic soy agar, followed by enrichments when necessary. The transfer direction was then reversed by touching freshly inoculated cloths with uninoculated tomatoes. Transfer coefficients (TCs) were then calculated. Salmonella TCs from inoculated tomato and cloth were highest when the inoculum was wet (0.44 ± 0.13 to 0.32 ± 0.12), regardless of the condition of the cloth. Although Salmonella TCs from inoculated tomato to uninoculated cloth decreased significantly when the inoculum was dried (0.17 ± 0.23 to 0.01 ± 0.00), low levels of Salmonella were detected on cloth even after 24 h of drying. Inoculated dirty cloth did not transfer more Salmonella compared with inoculated clean cloth, and Salmonella survival was not higher on dirty cloth. When inoculated clean cloth (wet) was touched with 25 tomatoes, significantly higher levels of Salmonella were transferred to the first, second, and fourth tomatoes (0.03 ± 0.10 to 0.09 ± 0.02). However, inoculated dirty-wet (below limit of detection) and dirty-dry (0.00 to 0.04 ±0.01) cloths transferred similar levels of Salmonella to all 25 tomatoes. Results indicate a low risk of potential Salmonella contamination when the same cloth is used multiple times for debris removal, especially under high moisture levels. Results also show that the use of dirty cloths did not increase the risk of Salmonella cross-contamination.
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Humphreys, PN, J. Hook, and S. Rout. "Evaluation of the cleaning efficiency of microfibre cloths processed via an ozonated laundry system." Journal of Infection Prevention 13, no. 4 (2012): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177412447833.

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The use of microfibre cloths for environmental cleaning has become ubiquitous in healthcare environments. However, there are issues with the re-use of microfibre cloths associated with their sterilisation and continued cleaning performance. Ozone-based laundry systems potentially provide an efficient route for the recycling of microfibre cloths; however it is necessary to demonstrate that this technology does not degrade their cleaning efficiency. The impact of an ozone-based laundry system on the cleaning efficiency of microfibre cloths was evaluated using a simulated wiping protocol. Two different types of microfibre cloth were investigated with no significant difference ( p>0.05) in the cleaning efficiency of either type being found over one, 150 and 350 wash cycles. The cleaning performance of ozone treated cloths was also not significantly different from that of conventionally laundered (250 cycles) cloths.
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KUSUMANINGRUM, H. D., R. PALTINAITE, A. J. KOOMEN, W. C. HAZELEGER, F. M. ROMBOUTS, and R. R. BEUMER. "Tolerance of Salmonella Enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus to Surface Cleaning and Household Bleach." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 12 (2003): 2289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.12.2289.

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Effective cleaning and sanitizing of food preparation sites is important because pathogens are readily spread to food contact surfaces after preparation of contaminated raw products. Tolerance of Salmonella Enteritidis and Staphylococcusaureus to surface cleaning by wiping with regular, microfiber, and antibacterial-treated cloths was investigated. Wiping with cleaning cloths resulted in a considerable reduction of microorganisms from surfaces, despite the greater difficulty in removing S. aureus than Salmonella Enteritidis. Depending on the cloth type, S. aureus were reduced on surfaces from initial numbers of approximately 105 CFU/100 cm2 to numbers from less than 4 CFU/100 cm2 (below the detection limit) to 100 CFU/100 cm2. Directly after the cloths were used to clean the contaminated surfaces, they contained high numbers of bacteria (104 to 105 CFU/100 cm2), except for the disposable antibacterial-treated cloths, in which no bacteria could be detected. The tolerance of these pathogens to sodium hypochlorite was studied in the suspension test and in cloths. S. aureus showed a better tolerance for sodium hypochlorite than Salmonella Enteritidis. Inactivation of microorganisms in cloths required a higher concentration of sodium hypochlorite than was needed in the suspension test. Repeated exposure to sodium hypochlorite, however, resulted in an increase in susceptibility to this compound. This study provides essential information about the transfer of bacteria when wiping surfaces and highlights the need for a hygiene procedure with cleaning cloths that sufficiently avoids cross-contamination in the household environment.
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Zhou, Hao, T. W. Wu, and D. W. Herrin. "Acoustic measurement of super-small-particle-filtering stainless steel wire cloths." Noise Control Engineering Journal 72, no. 5 (2024): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/377231.

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The super-small-particle-filtering stainless steel (SSPFSS) wire cloth can serve as a front cover on resonators in mufflers, offering a broader noise reduction bandwidth compared to the resonators themselves. Like micro-perforated panels (MPPs), the SSPFSS wire cloth provides flexibility in resonator design and manufacturing. In this study, we conduct measurements of the transfer impedance of SSPFSS cloths and sound absorption coefficients of absorbers covered by SSPFSS cloths. For comparison purposes, we also calculate the sound absorption coefficient of foam and various absorbers covered by MPPs, traditional perforated panels, and fabric using referenced empirical equations.
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Zhou, Hao, T. W. Wu, and David W. Herrin. "Acoustic measurement of super-small-particle-filtering stainless steel wire cloths." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 269, no. 2 (2024): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/nc_2024_0086.

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The super-small-particle-filtering stainless steel (SSPFSS) wire cloth can serve as a front cover on resonators in mufflers, offering a broader noise reduction bandwidth compared to the resonators themselves. Like micro perforated panels (MPP), the SSPFSS wire cloth provides flexibility in resonator design and manufacturing. In this study, we conduct measurements of the transfer impedance of SSPFSS cloths and sound absorption coefficients of absorbers covered by SSPFSS cloths. For comparison purposes, we also calculate the sound absorption coefficient of foam and various absorbers covered by MPP, traditional perforated panels, and fabric using referenced empirical equations.
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Antony, Sheedev, Monssef Drissi-Habti, and Venkadesh Raman. "Numerical Analysis to Enhance Delamination Strength around Bolt Holes of Unidirectional Pultruded Large Smart Composite Platform." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (June 27, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3154904.

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As a part of the DECID2 French National Project (2008–2012), construction of a large platform entirely made of smart composites was carried out and two demonstrators were installed. During a previous study, an ABAQUS model of smart composite platform was set up to perform numerical simulations that predict the mechanical behaviour of bolt-fastened platform under static three-point bending load, and a stress concentration is observed around the bolt holes. Unidirectional composites are subjected to delamination at very low stress, and this cannot be tolerated because most of the applications of pultruded structures are in civil engineering, which involves human safety. Therefore, it is essential to study the correlation of delamination onset and find a technology to enhance delamination strength. In this study, a numerical analysis was carried out to enhance the delamination strength around the bolt holes. Bidirectional fiberglass cloths were wrapped around unidirectional pultruded beams to reinforce the structure and to prevent delamination. Due to the high cost of these cloths, a study was also carried out to select an appropriate cloth material by taking into account two aspects: density and number of layers of cloths. The selected cloth was compared with conventional continuous fibreglass mat, and it was found that bidirectional fibreglass cloth material performs well in preventing delamination, even though it is expensive.
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Bartz, Sabrina, Ana Carolina Ritter, and Eduardo Cesar Tondo. "Evaluation of bacterial multiplication in cleaning cloths containing different quantities of organic matter." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 4, no. 09 (2010): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.689.

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Introduction: To determine a proper length of time for cleaning cloth usage, the present work aimed to evaluate bacterial multiplication in artificially contaminated cleaning cloths containing different amounts of organic matter. Methodology: Cloths containing 1%, 5%, and 10% of bovine albumin were contaminated with Salmonella enteritidis 3091/05, Escherichia coli ATCC 25972, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Shigella sonnei CC07. They were incubated for different time periods at 30°C. Microbial multiplication was evaluated by bacterial counts and the ATP bioluminescence increase was monitored at sampling points. An ampicillin-resistant recombinant HSα E. coli strain was used as a pathogen surrogate to investigate the potential of microbial cloth dispersion. Results: None of the strains showed expressive growth up to two hours of incubation. At three hours, the microorganisms demonstrated a slight increase, with E. coli ATCC 25972 showing a significant increase in cells (p < 0.05). The ATP bioluminescence did not increase during the incubation period and confirmed the microbial count results, demonstrating that the amounts of organic matter tested did not interfere with bacterial multiplication during the first three to four hours of incubation. The dispersion experiment indicated that a cleaning cloth contaminated with 104 CFU/cm2 was able to spread 102 CFU/cm2 of recombinant E. coli onto a stainless steel surface. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that an appropriate period of time for using disinfected cleaning cloths is around two hours, not exceeding three hours of usage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cloths"

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Kerlogue, Fiona. "Batik cloths from Jambi, Sumatra." Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8279.

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I set about exploring the history of Jambi batik with a view to establishing its nature, characteristics, methods of manufacture and function in its social context. A central aim of the study was to establish an accurate description of batiks from Jambi which could serve as a guide to museum cataloguers. In particular I planned to clarify the position regarding the red batiks. During the course of my investigations, I came across a similar confusion surrounding a group of batiks containing Arabic calligraphy. A further purpose of the study was then to determine which, if any, of these calligraphy batiks were made in Jambi. For those which did, my intention was to discover how they fitted into the social and economic context in which they were produced. This study has challenged a number of assumptions which have been made about batik in Indonesia. I have confronted static models and others which have focussed too narrowly on Javanese techniques and meanings. I have demonstrated the importance of approaching textiles from a perspective which recognises change and diversity. I have tried to emphasise the need to understand the central role of trade and colonial experience in relation to textiles in South-East Asia. I have also shown the need for taking into consideration the wider geographical context, beyond the Indonesian archipelago and beyond the notional boundaries of South-East Asia. Previous studies of Indonesian batik have tended to apply Javanese models to all of Indonesia. Indonesia was viewed with Java as the centre and the other regions as satellites to it: a Java-centric model which has marginalised batiks from Jambi. Finally, I believe I have shown the crucial importance of studying the technical aspects of textiles. Many other studies of textiles in South-East Asia have employed an anthropological perspective focusing almost exclusively on the symbolic to the neglect of the technical. This has resulted in a paucity of information which could help museum curators to identify both how and where the textiles were made. This lack of information made the study of textiles from Jambi, as it must do for many other marginalised places, particularly difficult. I hope that this study has not only revealed this problem, but has gone some way to remedy it.
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Bergner, Sandra, and Sandra Nilsson. "Screening of volatile compounds in washing water and cloths from the sponge cloth process." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57114.

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<p>Freudenberg Household Products AB in Norrköping are manufacturer of sponge cloths with the well-known brand names of Wettex<sup>®</sup> and Vileda<sup>®</sup>. The production is based on the viscose fiber process and involves a high chemical demand. Recent customer complaints involve a diffuse smell from the cloths that is like a “garage odor” and occurs after a few uses. The company’s theory is that the smell derives from a chemical used in the process called Exxal 9.</p><p>The aim was to screen the washing water from two sections and the cloth before and after wash for the presence of Exxal 9 and other prominent components. The washing water samples consisted of a salt solution from one section and a water condensate from another section. A method to qualitatively and quantitatively examine the production samples was developed. To evaluate the variation over a short period of time, twelve samples were taken during four weeks. The focus for the analysis lay on production line Wx4, but comparisons with two other production lines, Wx7 and SL1, were also made. The method of choice was gas chromatography in combination with two different detectors; mass spectrometer for identification and flame ionization detector for quantification.</p><p>Exxal 9 could be identified in both of the washing water sections but in very various concentrations. At the production line Wx4, the mean concentration in the mother lye was 61.96 µl/l whereas the mean concentration in the condensate was 0.24 µl/l. The comparison between the different production lines showed significant variations, where Wx4 had the highest concentration. In the cloths, Exxal 9 could only be found before it had been washed. The concentration in the cloths was not high enough for quantification. In both the washing waters and cloths, additional unknown peaks were found. Attempts to identify all the unknowns were made but only two compounds were included in the commercial library; 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)-ethanol.</p>
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Koziarz, Jacob. "Adhesion and immobilization of bacteria on hydrophobic cloths." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ36934.pdf.

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Eliasson, Ludvig. "Replicating movement and behaviour of different cloths for VFX-production." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63849.

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This thesis discusses cloth simulations for visual effects production, and thereplication of real life garments in that context. The purpose is to get anunderstanding for the practical process of recreating actual cloth garments, andthrough this work explore the behaviour of cloth materials and the importance of theirspecific traits in a simulation context. This is achieved through recreating threespecific cloth garments in a computer simulation package, cross-referencingobserved cloth properties as guidance. The resulting videos are then compared sideby side with filmed reference by the author and through a survey, along with similarlooking simulations to evaluate the quality of the simulations. The results show that itis possible to digitally recreate real world garments, with accuracy being mostlydepending on resolution, model accuracy and apparent thickness. The report alsohighlights a need for further research into tangible cloth recreation.
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Blais, Burton W. (Burton Wayne) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Applications of macroporous hydrophobic cloths as solid phases for enzyme immunoassay." Ottawa, 1990.

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Wright, J. E. "A study of the adsorptive properties of charcoal cloths in relation to wound care." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233347.

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Walker, Liv, and Karin Essén. "The applicability of agricultural fibres in industrial cleaning cloths : in the aspects of processability and sustainability." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23799.

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This study has its background in the EU directive, the ‘Single-Use Plastics Directive’. The directive was initiated due to the environmental impacts that the oceans suffer due to plastic waste. The directive presents the most common single-use products found as waste in the oceans, including wipes and cloths. In collaboration with Essity, a global hygiene and health company, this study aims to find a replacement fibre for the currently used polyester fibre in Essity’s industrial cleaning cloths. To this end, we have evaluated the applicability of an agricultural fibre in the aspects of processability and sustainability. A theoretical part including a literature study of agricultural fibres is combined with a practical experimental part to evaluate a manufactured prototype. The theoretical part includes a compilation of the relevant parameters per fibre and the experimental part consists of laboratory tests and a panel test. On this basis, it was concluded that the first agricultural fibre, hemp, did not function adequately in the process due to the variations in fibre length and coarseness. A solution to this problem may be pre-treatments of the fibres. The second fibre, flax, functioned well in the process and may then be considered applicable in the aspect of process. The applicability of an agricultural fibre is possible in industrial cleaning cloths, but the geographical location of cultivation, transport, the chemicals used and irrigation should also be taken into account in the aspects of sustainability.<br>Bakgrunden till denna studie är EU-direktivet, ‘Single-Use Plastics Directive’. Direktivet har sitt ursprung i de miljöproblem som våra hav lider av på grund av nedskräpningen medplastavfall. Direktivet redovisar de engångsartiklar som återfinns allra mest i haven idag, däribland rengöringsdukar. På förekommen anledningen ska därför denna studie i samarbete med Essity, ett globalt hygien- och hälsoföretag, undersöka möjligheten att ersätta den befintliga polyesterfibern i deras industriella rengöringsdukar. Studien har utvärderat möjligheten att använda en naturlig fiber med avseende på tillverkningsprocess och hållbarhet. För att möjliggöra en utvärdering av en tillverkad prototyp, så har en teoretisk del med en litteraturstudie i kombination med en praktisk experimentell del genomförts. Den teoretiska delen består av en sammanställning av relevanta parametrar för varje fiber och den experimentella delen består av laboratorietester och ett paneltest. Slutsatserna från ett förstaförsök var att hampafibrer inte fungerade i processen på grund av variationer i hampansfiberlängd och grovlek. Att göra en förbehandling skulle kunna vara lösningen. I det andraförsöket med linfibrer, visade det sig att linfibrer fungerar i processen och därför kan vara applicerbar med avseende på tillverkningsprocess. En naturlig fiber kan användas i industriella rengöringsdukar, ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv är det viktigt att beakta den geografiska platsen för odling, transporter, användning av kemikalier och konstbevattning.
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Bartz, Sabrina. "Contaminação microbiológica e avaliação de métodos de higienização de panos de limpeza utilizados em serviços de alimentação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13308.

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Panos de limpeza têm sido considerados importantes fontes de contaminação cruzada, contudo seu uso continua muito freqüente em serviços de alimentação. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a contaminação e multiplicação microbiana, além de dois procedimentos de higienização de panos de limpeza. Em uma primeira etapa, 35 panos de limpeza foram coletados em serviços de alimentação da grande Porto Alegre, RS/Brasil e foram submetidos à quantificação de bactérias totais, coliformes e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, aqui chamado de Staphylococcus aureus presuntivos. Os panos foram lavados manualmente e desinfetados por dois métodos, separadamente: a) fervura em água potável por 15 minutos e b) imersão em solução clorada a 200ppm, por 15 minutos, sendo enxaguados logo após. Os resultados demonstraram que a as contagens de bactérias totais variaram de 2,0 x 104 UFC/cm2 até 1,0 x 108 UFC/cm2, com média de 9,1 x 106 UFC/cm2. A contaminação por coliformes foi de 4,4 x 102 a 1,6 x 107 UFC/cm2, sendo que 40% das amostras apresentou contagens de aproximadamente 106 UFC/cm2. Quantidades de S. aureus presuntivos variaram de 1,0 x 104 UFC/cm2 a 2,8 x 106 UFC/cm2, com média de 4,6 x 105 UFC/cm2. De modo geral, panos desinfetados pelos dois métodos demonstraram reduções significativas (p < 0,05) do número de microrganismos, as quais foram de aproximadamente 5 ciclos logarítmicos. Em uma segunda etapa, panos contendo diferentes quantidades de matéria orgânica (0%, 1%, 5% e 10% de albumina bovina) foram contaminados com Salmonella Enteritidis 3091/05, Escherichia coli ATCC 25972, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 e Shigella sonnei CC07 e incubados por 1h, 2h, 3h e 4h, a 30 oC. A multiplicação foi avaliada por métodos microbiológicos e por bioluminescência gerada por ATP. Uma bactéria recombinante, ampicilina-resistente (HSα E. coli) foi utilizada para avaliar o potencial de dispersão de panos. Os resultados demonstraram que até duas horas de incubação não houve multiplicação expressiva de todos os microrganismos avaliados, no entanto, em três horas a maioria apresentou leve aumento da população. Uma exceção foi a S. Enteritidis que apresentou multiplicação significativamente maior (p < 0,05). Após quatro horas de incubação, todos os microrganismos apresentaram multiplicação significativa. A bioluminescência confirmou esses resultados e também demonstrou que diferentes quantidades de matéria orgânica não interferiram na multiplicação microbiana nas primeiras 3 a 4 horas. O experimento da dispersão bacteriana demonstrou que um pano contaminado com 104 UFC/cm2 foi capaz de transferir aproximadamente 102 UFC/cm2 de bactérias para uma superfície de aço inoxidável. Baseado nesses resultados, pode-se concluir que panos de limpeza utilizados em serviços de alimentação apresentavam nível elevado de contaminação, porém se adequadamente lavados e desinfetados, suas contagens podem ser significativamente reduzidas. Além disso, sugere-se que panos adequadamente desinfetados sejam utilizados por aproximadamente duas horas, não ultrapassando o período de três horas.<br>Cleaning cloths have been considered as important cause of cross-contamination, however its use remains frequent in food services. The objective of this study was to evaluate microbial contamination and multiplication, as well as two disinfection methods of cleaning cloths. In a first step of this work, samples (n=35) were collected in food services of Porto Alegre City, RS/Brazil and quantified for microbial contamination. Results indicated total aerobic counts varying from 2.0 x 104 cfu/cm2 up to 1.0 x 108 cfu/cm2, with mean numbers of 9.1 x 106 cfu/cm2. Coliform contamination varied from 4.4 x 102 up to 1.6 x 107 cfu/cm2 per cloth, and 40 % of the samples presented counts around 106 cfu/cm2, while presumptive S. aureus ranged from 1.0 x 104 cfu/cm2 up to 2.8 x 106 cfu/cm2, with mean numbers of 4.6 x 105 cfu/cm2. The cleaning cloths were disinfected in boiling water for 15 minutes and with 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes, separately, demonstrating significant reductions (p < 0.05) of approximately 5 log. In a second step of this study, cloths containing 0 %, 1 %, 5%, and 10% of organic matter (bovine albumin) were contaminated with Salmonella Enteritidis 3091/05, Escherichia coli ATCC 25972, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Shigella sonnei CC07, and were incubated for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4 h, at 30 oC. Microbial multiplication was evaluated by bacterial counts and ATP bioluminescence, and an ampicilin-resistant recombinant HSα E. coli was used as a pathogen surrogate to investigate the potential of microbial cloth dispersion. The results demonstrate that until 2 hours of storage all strains did not present expressive growth. In 3 hours of storage the majority of the microorganisms showed slightly development, being that S. Enteritidis grown significantly better than other strains. In 4 hours of incubation all microorganisms demonstrate significant growth (p < 0.05). ATP bioluminescence confirmed the microbial count results and also demonstrates that different amounts of organic matter did not interfere with the bacterial multiplication at the first 3 to 4 hours of incubation. The dispersion experiment indicated that a cleaning cloth contaminated with 104 cfu/cm2 was able to spread approximately 102 cfu/cm2 recombinant E. coli onto a stainless steel surface. Based on these results it was possible to conclude that cleaning cloths used in food services were very contaminated, however adequate sanitation procedures could reduce significantly its microbial contamination. We suggested that an appropriate period of time to use disinfected cleaning cloths is around 2 hours, not exceeding 3 hours of usage.
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Handley, Susannah. "Cloth, clothes and chemistry : synthetics, technology and design in the 20th century." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262793.

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Головчанська, Є. О., та М. В. Колосніченко. "Аналіз конструктивно-декоративного оздоблення блузок жіночих 1940-х років". Thesis, Хмельницький національний університет, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13717.

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Досліджено основні художньо-композиційні ознаки та конструктивний устрій блузок жіночих у період 1940-х років. Визначено основні чинники, які впливали на розвиток модних форм і силуетів у зазначений період.
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Books on the topic "Cloths"

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1917-, Summerfield John, Santa Barbara Museum of Art., Bellevue Art Museum (Wash.), and Utah Museum of Fine Arts., eds. Fabled cloths of Minangkabau. Santa Barbara Museum of Art, 1991.

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Bessac, Susanne L. Embroidered Hmong story cloths. Dept. of Anthropology, University of Montana, 1988.

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Joseph, Fischer. Story cloths of Bali. Ten Speed Press, 2004.

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Waikato Museum of Art and History., ed. Ikat: Cloths of Indonesia. The Museum, 1988.

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Eckstein, Sue. The cloths of heaven. Myriad, 2009.

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Hoey, Middleton Sheila, Huh Dong Hwa, Fitzwilliam Museum, and Ashmolean Museum, eds. Traditional Korean wrapping cloths (Pojagi). Publishing Department of the Museum of Korean Embroidery, 1990.

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Morita, Chizuko. Tsutsunde musunde furoshiki ni muchū: Omoigakenai katachi ga umareru shikakui nuno, furoshiki-tte tanoshii. Nihon Vōgusha, 2001.

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Nakajima, Kei. Pojagi: Kankoku no tsutsumu bunka. Hakusuisha, 2009.

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Morita, Chizuko. Tsutsumikata musubikata furoshiki nyūmon. Shufu to Seikatsusha, 2000.

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Nikolʹskīĭ, Konstantin. Ob antiminsakh pravoslavnoĭ russkoĭ t︠s︡erkvi. Krutit︠s︡koe Patriarshee Podvorʹe, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cloths"

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Sesiano, Jacques. "Chapter B–VII: Linen cloths." In Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03940-4_86.

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Barlage, Thomas, Susan Griffiths-Brophy, and Erik J. Hasenoehrl. "Facial Cleansers and Cleansing Cloths." In Cosmetic Dermatology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118655566.ch11.

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Fei, Bin, Yi He Zhang, and J. H. Xin. "Titania Nanocrystals Mixture for Cloths Finishing." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-30-2.1217.

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Wakeman, Rob. "Emulsifying Greasy Desire in Shakespeare and John Taylor the Water Poet." In Object Oriented Environs. punctum books, 2016. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0130.1.16.

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A table, a bed, or a body enclosed in clean linen is sheltered from the world. Smocks, shirts, stockings, table cloths, and bed sheets demarcate the discrete boundaries that separate clean objects from unclean environments. The smell of freshly laundered linen is an announcement: “This area has been decontaminated. It has been puri-fied of promiscuous pollutions.” But grease has a way of seeping through these borders. Fats and oils indiscriminately and wantonly dribble from the body’s pores. They ooze forth from cookware and flatware, sticking to and staining skin, hair, and cloth. In his ribald poem, “The Praise of Cleane Linnen,” John Taylor the Water Poet (1578–1653) gives an example of how grease debases a white handkerchief
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Rushton, A. "Filter Media: Woven amp; Non-Woven Cloths for Liquids." In Mathematical Models and Design Methods in Solid-Liquid Separation. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5091-7_14.

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Priest, Hannah. "Unravelling Constance." In Dark Chaucer. punctum books, 2012. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0018.1.11.

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She came from the sea, mazed, amazed —masen —confused, bewildered, senseless. Deceived, deranged, crazed. They stopped and asked her who she was. When they stopped and asked her who she was, she said she did not know. She said she was so mazed in the sea, that she forgot her mind. Her mind —mynde — seat of memory, faculty of memory, individual remembrance. Reason, understanding. Will, desire, purpose. She forgot her mind, when she lost herself. Constance forgets Constance. Constance is lost. Distress teaches us to be inventive, says the nightingale, but blank Constance does not invent. Once, she was Constance. Syrian chapmen found her in Rome, among the other things, specially. The chapmen took their cloths of gold, their satins rich of hew, their chaffare so thrifty and new, and returned with tales of Constance. Their chaffare — anything of virtue, something desirable. An exchange, a bargain, a deal. So thrifty — well-made, seemly, suitable. Golden, rich of hew, so thrifty and so new, they returned with tales of Constance. The chapmen went to market. Take the cloth and sell the cloth, take the goods and sell the goods. The smooth trade in luxury prevails over gods and geography. Facilitate allegiance in the market. Chapmen exchange satin for Dame Constance.
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Markaki, Tatiana. "Innovations and the art of deception: mixed cloths in Venetian Crete (17th century)." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.04.

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This paper investigates innovations of the early modern European textile industry and practices of cultural transfer using seventeenth-century Venetian Crete as a case study. It explores the use of novelties, such as mixed cloths, in the dowries assigned to brides in the urban setting of Candia (modern Heraklion) and the surrounding countryside during the period 1600-1645. It draws on computer-processed data from marriage agreements and inventories of movables from the State Archives of Venice. It illustrates, through a comparative lens, how brides used (silk) mixed fabrics to differentiate themselves from others and how Venetian Crete followed the changes in production techniques of the European textile industry.
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Fernández de Pinedo, Nadia, Maria Paz Moral, and Emiliano Fernández de Pinedo. "Un changement radical dans la consommation de tissus par la royauté et son milieu (1293-1504): de la laine au lin et à la soie." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.09.

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Since the reign of Juan II and especially Queen Isabel I of Castile, we have found that silk fabrics had displaced expensive dyed wool cloths from the first place, at least among the privileged groups. At the same time, a very fine linen fabric, the holanda spread in a spectacular way, at least in the case of the House of Isabel I, especially as body linen and household line. In this article, we discuss how these changes could be transmitted downwards through some examples of different social groups - nobility, townspeople, peasants - considering the economic and social limitations that would have been relevant in its diffusion.
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Kumar, V., S. Gupta, and F. S. Gill. "Role of interference of light in checking the quality of textiles cloths." In Challenges in Information, Communication and Computing Technology. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003559092-11.

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García Fernández, Máximo. "Keeping up appearances in early modern Castile." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.18.

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Social emulation stimulated the demand for clothing with the rapid generalisation of certain types of dress in given social circles. Beginning with this birth of fashion in the 16th century, the 18th century witnessed a revolution in consumption. Material culture had a public projection, and appearance and luxury became variables of civilization. In this methodological framework, and using tutorship accounts and inventories (from the Renaissance and Enlightened periods, and from rural and courtesan contexts), this paper aims to examine cloths and accessories that made a difference, with consideration to age, and gender. The evolution of this process in Castile is compared with that in other western European countries in terms of innovation, availability, intercultural contacts and social aspirations.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cloths"

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Wang, Wenbo, Gen Li, Miguel Zamora, and Stelian Coros. "TRTM: Template-based Reconstruction and Target-oriented Manipulation of Crumpled Cloths." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra57147.2024.10609868.

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Ahmed, Tamseel Murtuza, Zaara Ali, Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman, and Eylem Asmatulu. "Advanced Recycled Materials for Economic Production of Fire Resistant Fabrics." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88640.

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Fire protective clothing is crucial in many applications, in military/government (Navy, Marine Corps, Army, Air Force, Coast Guard, and Law Enforcement) and industry (working with furnaces, casting, machining and welding). Fire resistant clothes provide protection to those who are at risk for exposure to fire hazards (intense heat and flames) and provide inert barrier between the skin and fire and shields the user from direct exposure to fire and irradiation. Flame retardant and chemical protective apparel consumption was 997 million m2 in 2015. This market size expected to grow more due to substantial increase in military and industrial demand. Advanced materials have long history in these areas to protect human life against the hazards. There are two main application techniques for producing fire resistant clothing: 1) Using fire retardant materials directly in the textile, and 2) Spray coating on the garments. Over the time these physically and chemically treated cloths begin to degrade and become less protective due to UV and moisture exposure, abrasion, wear, and laundry effects which will shorten the useful wear life of those cloths. The study compared the improved fire resistance of fabrics when treated with recycled graphene solution.
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Baldassarre, Antonio, Maurizio De Lucia, Paolo Nesi, Francesca Rossi, and Jacopo Zamberlan. "Real-time defect detection on cloths." In Industrial Lasers and Inspection (EUROPTO Series), edited by Malgorzata Kujawinska and Wolfgang Osten. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.364273.

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Askari, Davood, and Mehrdad N. Ghasemi-Nejhad. "Inter-Laminar Mechanical Properties Improvements in Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Laminated Nanocomposites." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64283.

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Owing to their superior mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as an additional reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of laminated composite materials. To incorporate the excellent properties of CNTs into the existing traditional composite technology, vertically aligned high density arrays of CNTs were grown perpendicular to the surface of 2-D woven cloths and tows of various fibrous materials. The nano-forest like structures of fabrics is used to fabricate 3-D reinforced nanocomposites. Due to the presence of aligned CNTs in through-the-thickness direction, it is expected that the inter-laminar and through-the-thickness properties of the composite laminate will be improved considerably. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, various composite single lap-joint specimens were fabricated for inter-laminar shear strength testing. Carbon woven cloths with and without CNTs nano-forests were inserted in between the single lap-joints using epoxy adhesive to measure the interlaminar shear strength improvements due to the presence of through-the-thickness aligned CNTs nano-forests. It is observed that single lap-joints with carbon cloth insertion layers having CNTs nano-forest can carry up to 12% higher shear stress and 16% higher strain-to-failure. The failures of samples with nano-forests were completely cohesive while the sample with carbon woven cloth insertion failed adhesively. This concludes that the adhesion of adjacent carbon fabric layers can be considerably improved due to the growth of vertically aligned CNTs nano-forest in through-the-thickness direction.
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PIGNON, Hélène, Catherine FAUR-BRASQUET, and Pierre LE CLOIREC. "ADSORPTION OF DYES ONTO ACTIVATED CARBON CLOTHS." In Proceedings of the Third Asia-Pacific Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791924_0098.

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Jensen, Anna Lyhne, Lasse Rosendahl, Henrik Sørensen, and Flemming Lykholt-Ustrup. "Towards Simulation of Clogging Effects in Wastewater Pumps: A Review of the State-of-the-Art in Cloth Modelling and Challenges in the Simulation of Clogging Effects." In ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2015-33214.

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Simulation of clogging effects caused by cloths in wastewater pumps enables a faster and cheaper design process of wastewater pumps, which potentially leads to a reduction in the occurrence of clogging. Four potential methods for cloth simulation are reviewed and the challenges of each method are identified and compared. These methods are the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method, Immersed Boundary (IB) method, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) coupled with the Finite Element method (FEM), and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) coupled with the Discrete Element method (DEM). Each method has advantages and disadvantages, and each of them may prove to be applicable for the application. The CFD-DEM approach is chosen for future work.
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D. H. Willits. "The Effect of Shade Cloth Temperature on the Cooling Efficiency of Shade Cloths in Greenhouses." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.9540.

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Khazanov, Grigory I., and Margarita A. Aparushkina. "Investigation of changes in the operational properties of press cloths during long-term wet-heat treatments." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM (ISTS) «IMPROVING ENERGY AND RESOURCE-EFFICIENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF PROCESSES AND DEVICES IN CHEMICAL AND RELATED INDUSTRIES». The Kosygin State University of Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/eeste-2021-1-268-270.

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The possibility of combining the technological operations of antimicrobial finishing and dressing of press cloths through the use of a polymer composition containing organic tin latex and epoxy resin is studied. The positive effect of the polymer composition epoxy resin-tin-organic latex on the performance properties of the finished product is shown
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Aoyama, Eiichi, Hiromichi Nobe, Tadayuki Ikuta, et al. "Through-Hole Drilling Condition of FR-4 Printed Wiring Boards Based on Preventing Ion Migration." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35083.

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In the printed wiring board manufacturing sector, methods have been developed to improve the circuit packaging density. A problem has emerged in that the quality of drilled through hole is deteriorating in the smaller diameter drilling of printed wiring boards (PWBs) with high packaging density, because the insulation is insufficient among through-holes after plating in finer circuit pattern. Thus, we have attracted attention to occurrence of delamination in the glass cloth around the drilled hole of FR-4 type PWBs, because it is considered that the poor insulation among through holes is caused by ion migration along the delamination of glass cloth. In the drilling hole to GFRP, Damage occurs from the drilled hole wall to the inside of material by peeling off between layers, it is defined as delamination in this study. In the present report, we describe the influence of drilling conditions on the width of delamination of glass cloth around the drilled hole. First, we made the FR-4 type PWBs (thickness 0.2 mm) reinforced by five kinds of glass cloths. We carried out the drilling experiments (spindle speed 33000rpm and feed rate 0.01–0.06 mm/rev) for these PWBs with diameter 0.4 mm drill tools. Second, we researched the relationship between delamination width and relative hole position for the glass cloth thickness by image processing method. As a result, we demonstrate two important factors (the feed rate conditions in drilling and the thickness of glass cloth at drilled hole wall) to prevent the delamination of glass cloth. The practical formula is proposed to predict the delamination width around the drilled hole by a multivariate analysis method.
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Shaeri, Mohammad Reza, Dongsheng Guan, Fangyu Cao, and Chris Yingchun Yuan. "DEVELOPING HIGH-TEMPERATURE WATER-REPELLENT GLASS FIBER CLOTHS THROUGH ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION." In 3rd Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference (TFEC). Begellhouse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tfec2018.flp.021804.

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Reports on the topic "Cloths"

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Paul, H. G., and R. R. Mason. A portable vacuum for collecting arthropods from drop cloths. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-421.

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Byrd, Roy R. OMFTS: The Right Fit. for USPACOM Versus an Emerging China or The Emperor's New Cloths.". Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada352104.

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O’Toole, Robert, Deborah Stein, Nathan Nathan N. O’Hara_, et al. Comparing Two Medicines to Prevent Blood Clots after Treatment for Fractures – The PREVENT CLOT Study. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/03.2023.pcs.151132745.

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Biermayer, Peter J. Design options for clothes washers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783743.

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Biermayer, Peter J. Design options for clothes washers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783767.

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TeGrotenhuis, Ward. Clothes Dryer Automatic Termination Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1159793.

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wei, Mei, Kewa, and Janice Sulaiman. LED Illuminated Cloth for bicyclists. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1248.

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Blumenkamp, Catherine Kueffer, and Trish Ramsay. Time and Cloth, Dress 1.0. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-204.

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Biermayer, Peter J. Preliminary engineering analysis for clothes washers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783768.

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Biermayer, Peter J. Preliminary engineering analysis for clothes washers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783832.

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