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Journal articles on the topic 'Cloud level'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Korshunova, N. N., and T. V. Dementieva . "Changes in cloud characteristics on the territory of Russia." Hydrometeorological research and forecasting 3 (September 30, 2023): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37162/2618-9631-2023-3-139-151.

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Such characteristics of the cloud cover as the frequency of cloudy (8-10/10) and clear (0-2/10) sky are investigated. The analysis of the seasonal frequency of these characteristics revealed some regional features. To be included in the national cloud monitoring system, the normals for the new base period of 1991-2020 for the average amount of total and low-level clouds, the frequency of cases with different sky conditions (clear, semi-cloudy, cloudy) for total and low-level clouds, as well as the frequency of various forms of clouds were calculated. Long-term changes in the frequency of clear

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Sedlar, Joseph. "Implications of Limited Liquid Water Path on Static Mixing within Arctic Low-Level Clouds." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 12 (2014): 2775–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0065.1.

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AbstractObservations of cloud properties and thermodynamics from two Arctic locations, Barrow, Alaska, and Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic (SHEBA), are examined. A comparison of in-cloud thermodynamic mixing characteristics for low-level, single-layer clouds from nearly a decade of data at Barrow and one full annual cycle over the sea ice at SHEBA is performed. These cloud types occur relatively frequently, evident in 27%–30% of all cloudy cases. To understand the role of liquid water path (LWP), or lack thereof, on static in-cloud mixing, cloud layers are separated into optically thin and o

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Li, J., Z. Wu, Z. Hu, Y. Zhang, and M. Molinier. "AUTOMATIC CLOUD DETECTION METHOD BASED ON GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS IN REMOTE SENSING IMAGES." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-2-2020 (August 3, 2020): 885–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2020-885-2020.

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Abstract. Clouds in optical remote sensing images seriously affect the visibility of background pixels and greatly reduce the availability of images. It is necessary to detect clouds before processing images. In this paper, a novel cloud detection method based on attentive generative adversarial network (Auto-GAN) is proposed for cloud detection. Our main idea is to inject visual attention into the domain transformation to detect clouds automatically. First, we use a discriminator (D) to distinguish between cloudy and cloud free images. Then, a segmentation network is used to detect the differ

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Pangaud, Thomas, Nadia Fourrie, Vincent Guidard, Mohamed Dahoui, and Florence Rabier. "Assimilation of AIRS Radiances Affected by Mid- to Low-Level Clouds." Monthly Weather Review 137, no. 12 (2009): 4276–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr3020.1.

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Abstract An approach to make use of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) cloud-affected infrared radiances has been developed at Météo-France in the context of the global numerical weather prediction model. The method is based on (i) the detection and the characterization of clouds by the CO2-slicing algorithm and (ii) the identification of clear–cloudy channels using the ECMWF cloud-detection scheme. Once a hypothetical cloud-affected pixel is detected by the CO2-slicing scheme, the cloud-top pressure and the effective cloud fraction are provided to the radiative transfer model simultaneously

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Shikwambana, Lerato, and Venkataraman Sivakumar. "Observation of Clouds Using the CSIR Transportable LIDAR: A Case Study over Durban, South Africa." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4184512.

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The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) transportable Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) was used to collect data over Durban (29.9°S, 30.9°E) during 20–23 November 2012. Aerosol measurements have been carried out in the past over Durban; however, no cloud measurements using LIDAR have ever been performed. Therefore, this study further motivates the continuation of LIDAR for atmospheric research over Durban. Low level clouds were observed on 20–22 November 2012 and high level clouds were observed on 23 November 2012. The low level cloud could be classified as stratocumulus c

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Liu, X., M. J. Newchurch, and J. H. Kim. "Occurrence of ozone anomalies over cloudy areas in TOMS version-7 level-2 data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 3, no. 1 (2003): 187–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-3-187-2003.

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Abstract. This study investigates anomalous ozone distributions over cloudy areas in Nimbus-7 (N7) and Earth-Probe (EP) TOMS version-7 data and analyzes the causes for ozone anomaly formation. A 5°-longitude by 5°-latitude region is defined to contain a Positive Ozone Anomaly (POA) or Negative Ozone Anomaly (NOA) if the correlation coefficient between total ozone and reflectivity is ≥0.5 or ≥− 0.5. The average fractions of ozone anomalies among all cloud fields are 31.8+/−7.7% and 35.8+\\−7.7% in the N7 and EP TOMS data, respectively. Some ozone anomalies are caused by ozone retrieval errors,

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Liu, X., M. J. Newchurch, and J. H. Kim. "Occurrence of ozone anomalies over cloudy areas in TOMS version-7 level-2 data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 4 (2003): 1113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1113-2003.

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Abstract. This study investigates anomalous ozone distributions over cloudy areas in Nimbus-7 (N7) and Earth-Probe (EP) TOMS version-7 data and analyzes the causes for ozone anomaly formation. A 5°-longitude by 5°-latitude region is defined to contain a Positive Ozone Anomaly (POA) or Negative Ozone Anomaly (NOA) if the correlation coefficient between total ozone and reflectivity is > 0.5 or < -0.5. The average fractions of ozone anomalies among all cloud fields are 31.8 ± 7.7% and 35.8 ± 7.7% in the N7 and EP TOMS data, respectively. Some ozone anomalies are caused by ozone retrieval er

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Schirmacher, Imke, Pavlos Kollias, Katia Lamer, et al. "Assessing Arctic low-level clouds and precipitation from above – a radar perspective." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 17 (2023): 4081–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4081-2023.

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Abstract. Most Arctic clouds occur below 2 km altitude, as revealed by CloudSat satellite observations. However, recent studies suggest that the relatively coarse spatial resolution, low sensitivity, and blind zone of the radar installed on CloudSat may not enable it to comprehensively document low-level clouds. We investigate the impact of these limitations on the Arctic low-level cloud fraction, which is the number of cloudy points with respect to all points as a function of height, derived from CloudSat radar observations. For this purpose, we leverage highly resolved vertical profiles of l

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Adebiyi, Adeyemi A., Paquita Zuidema, Ian Chang, Sharon P. Burton, and Brian Cairns. "Mid-level clouds are frequent above the southeast Atlantic stratocumulus clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 18 (2020): 11025–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11025-2020.

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Abstract. Shortwave-absorbing aerosols seasonally overlay extensive low-level stratocumulus clouds over the southeast Atlantic. While much attention has focused on the interactions between the low-level clouds and the overlying aerosols, few studies have focused on the mid-level clouds that also occur over the region. The presence of mid-level clouds over the region complicates the space-based remote-sensing retrievals of cloud properties and the evaluation of cloud radiation budgets. Here we characterize the mid-level clouds over the southeast Atlantic using lidar- and radar-based satellite c

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Sirch, Tobias, Luca Bugliaro, Tobias Zinner, Matthias Möhrlein, and Margarita Vazquez-Navarro. "Cloud and DNI nowcasting with MSG/SEVIRI for the optimized operation of concentrating solar power plants." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 2 (2017): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-409-2017.

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Abstract. A novel approach for the nowcasting of clouds and direct normal irradiance (DNI) based on the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) aboard the geostationary Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite is presented for a forecast horizon up to 120 min. The basis of the algorithm is an optical flow method to derive cloud motion vectors for all cloudy pixels. To facilitate forecasts over a relevant time period, a classification of clouds into objects and a weighted triangular interpolation of clear-sky regions are used. Low and high level clouds are forecasted separately

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Zelinka, Mark D., Li-Wei Chao, Timothy A. Myers, Yi Qin, and Stephen A. Klein. "Technical note: Recommendations for diagnosing cloud feedbacks and rapid cloud adjustments using cloud radiative kernels." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25, no. 3 (2025): 1477–95. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1477-2025.

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Abstract. The cloud radiative kernel method is a popular approach to quantify cloud feedbacks and rapid cloud adjustments to increased CO2 concentrations and to partition contributions from changes in cloud amount, altitude, and optical depth. However, because this method relies on cloud property histograms derived from passive satellite sensors or produced by passive satellite simulators in models, changes in obscuration of lower-level clouds by upper-level clouds can cause apparent low-cloud feedbacks and adjustments, even in the absence of changes in lower-level cloud properties. Here, we p

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Adler, Bianca, Norbert Kalthoff, and Leonhard Gantner. "Nocturnal low-level clouds over southern West Africa analysed using high-resolution simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 2 (2017): 899–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-899-2017.

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Abstract. We performed a high-resolution numerical simulation to study the development of extensive low-level clouds that frequently form over southern West Africa during the monsoon season. This study was made in preparation for a field campaign in 2016 within the Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project and focuses on an area around the city of Savè in southern Benin. Nocturnal low-level clouds evolve a few hundred metres above the ground around the same level as a distinct low-level jet. Several processes are found to determine the spatio-temporal evolu

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Carbajal Henken, C. K., R. Lindstrot, R. Preusker, and J. Fischer. "FAME-C: cloud property retrieval using synergistic AATSR and MERIS observations." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 11 (2014): 3873–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3873-2014.

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Abstract. A newly developed daytime cloud property retrieval algorithm, FAME-C (Freie Universität Berlin AATSR MERIS Cloud), is presented. Synergistic observations from the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) and the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), both mounted on the polar-orbiting Environmental Satellite (Envisat), are used for cloud screening. For cloudy pixels two main steps are carried out in a sequential form. First, a cloud optical and microphysical property retrieval is performed using an AATSR near-infrared and visible channel. Cloud phase, cloud optical t

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Karlsson, Linn, Radovan Krejci, Makoto Koike, Kerstin Ebell, and Paul Zieger. "A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 11 (2021): 8933–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021.

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Abstract. To constrain uncertainties in radiative forcings associated with aerosol–cloud interactions, improved understanding of Arctic cloud formation is required, yet long-term measurements of the relevant cloud and aerosol properties remain sparse. We present the first long-term study of cloud residuals, i.e. particles that were involved in cloud formation and cloud processes, in Arctic low-level clouds measured at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard. To continuously sample cloud droplets and ice crystals and separate them from non-activated aerosol, a ground-based counter-flow virtual impactor

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Lonardi, Michael, Elisa F. Akansu, André Ehrlich, et al. "Tethered balloon-borne observations of thermal-infrared irradiance and cooling rate profiles in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 3 (2024): 1961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1961-2024.

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Abstract. Clouds play an important role in controlling the radiative energy budget of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer. To quantify the impact of clouds on the radiative heating or cooling of the lower atmosphere and of the surface, vertical profile observations of thermal-infrared irradiances were collected using a radiation measurement system carried by a tethered balloon. We present 70 profiles of thermal-infrared radiative quantities measured in summer 2020 during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition and in autumn 2021 and spri

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Liu, Fangjian, Fengyi Zhang, Mi Wang, and Qizhi Xu. "Two-Level Supervised Network for Small Ship Target Detection in Shallow Thin Cloud-Covered Optical Satellite Images." Applied Sciences 14, no. 24 (2024): 11558. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411558.

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Ship detection under cloudy and foggy conditions is a significant challenge in remote sensing satellite applications, as cloud cover often reduces contrast between targets and backgrounds. Additionally, ships are small and affected by noise, making them difficult to detect. This paper proposes a Cloud Removal and Target Detection (CRTD) network to detect small ships in images with thin cloud cover. The process begins with a Thin Cloud Removal (TCR) module for image preprocessing. The preprocessed data are then fed into a Small Target Detection (STD) module. To improve target–background contras

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Marinou, Eleni, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Ioanna Tsikoudi, et al. "Geometrical and Microphysical Properties of Clouds Formed in the Presence of Dust above the Eastern Mediterranean." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (2021): 5001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245001.

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In this work, collocated lidar–radar observations are used to retrieve the vertical profiles of cloud properties above the Eastern Mediterranean. Measurements were performed in the framework of the PRE-TECT experiment during April 2017 at the Greek atmospheric observatory of Finokalia, Crete. Cloud geometrical and microphysical properties at different altitudes were derived using the Cloudnet target classification algorithm. We found that the variable atmospheric conditions that prevailed above the region during April 2017 resulted in complex cloud structures. Mid-level clouds were observed in

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Dawe, J. T., and P. H. Austin. "Statistical analysis of a LES shallow cumulus cloud ensemble using a cloud tracking algorithm." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 8 (2011): 23231–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-23231-2011.

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Abstract. A technique for the tracking of individual clouds in a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is presented. We use this technique on a LES of a shallow cumulus cloud field based upon the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX) to calculate statistics of cloud height, lifetime, and other physical properties for individual clouds in the model. We also examine the question of nature versus nurture in shallow cumulus clouds: do properties at cloud base determine the upper-level properties of the clouds (nature), or are cloud properties determined by the environmental conditions

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Dawe, J. T., and P. H. Austin. "Statistical analysis of an LES shallow cumulus cloud ensemble using a cloud tracking algorithm." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 2 (2012): 1101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1101-2012.

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Abstract. A technique for the tracking of individual clouds in a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is presented. We use this technique on an LES of a shallow cumulus cloud field based upon the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX) to calculate statistics of cloud height, lifetime, and other physical properties for individual clouds in the model. We also examine the question of nature versus nurture in shallow cumulus clouds: do properties at cloud base determine the upper-level properties of the clouds (nature), or are cloud properties determined by the environmental condition

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Zhang, L., P. van Oosterom, and H. Liu. "VISUALIZATION OF POINT CLOUD MODELS IN MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY USING CONTINUOUS LEVEL OF DETAIL METHOD." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W1-2020 (September 3, 2020): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w1-2020-167-2020.

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Abstract. Point clouds have become one of the most popular sources of data in geospatial fields due to their availability and flexibility. However, because of the large amount of data and the limited resources of mobile devices, the use of point clouds in mobile Augmented Reality applications is still quite limited. Many current mobile AR applications of point clouds lack fluent interactions with users. In our paper, a cLoD (continuous level-of-detail) method is introduced to filter the number of points to be rendered considerably, together with an adaptive point size rendering strategy, thus

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Stengel, Martin, Cornelia Schlundt, Stefan Stapelberg, et al. "Comparing ERA-Interim clouds with satellite observations using a simplified satellite simulator." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 23 (2018): 17601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17601-2018.

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Abstract. An evaluation of the ERA-Interim clouds using satellite observations is presented. To facilitate such an evaluation in a proper way, a simplified satellite simulator has been developed and applied to 6-hourly ERA-Interim reanalysis data covering the period of 1982 to 2014. The simulator converts modelled cloud fields, for example those of the ERA-Interim reanalysis, to simulated cloud fields by accounting for specific characteristics of passive imaging satellite sensors such as the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), which form the basis of many long-term observational

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Stubenrauch, C. J., S. Cros, A. Guignard, and N. Lamquin. "A 6-year global cloud climatology from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder AIRS and a statistical analysis in synergy with CALIPSO and CloudSat." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 3 (2010): 8247–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-8247-2010.

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Abstract. We present a six-year global climatology of cloud properties, obtained from observations of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) onboard the NASA Aqua satellite. Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) combined with CloudSat observations, both missions launched as part of the A-Train in 2006, provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the retrieved AIRS cloud properties such as cloud amount and height as well as to explore the vertical structure of different cloud types. AIRS-LMD cloud detection agrees with CALIPSO about 85% over ocean and about

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Stubenrauch, C. J., S. Cros, A. Guignard, and N. Lamquin. "A 6-year global cloud climatology from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder AIRS and a statistical analysis in synergy with CALIPSO and CloudSat." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 15 (2010): 7197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7197-2010.

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Abstract. We present a six-year global climatology of cloud properties, obtained from observations of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) onboard the NASA Aqua satellite. Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) combined with CloudSat observations, both missions launched as part of the A-Train in 2006, provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the retrieved AIRS cloud properties such as cloud amount and height. In addition, they permit to explore the vertical structure of different cloud types. AIRS-LMD cloud detection agrees with CALIPSO about 85% over o

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Dai, Peiyu, Shunping Ji, and Yongjun Zhang. "Gated Convolutional Networks for Cloud Removal From Bi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (2020): 3427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203427.

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Pixels of clouds and cloud shadows in a remote sensing image impact image quality, image interpretation, and subsequent applications. In this paper, we propose a novel cloud removal method based on deep learning that automatically reconstructs the invalid pixels with the auxiliary information from multi-temporal images. Our method’s innovation lies in its feature extraction and loss functions, which reside in a novel gated convolutional network (GCN) instead of a series of common convolutions. It takes the current cloudy image, a recent cloudless image, and the mask of clouds as input, without

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Taylor, Jonathan W., Sophie L. Haslett, Keith Bower, et al. "Aerosol influences on low-level clouds in the West African monsoon." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 13 (2019): 8503–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8503-2019.

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Abstract. Low-level clouds (LLCs) cover a wide area of southern West Africa (SWA) during the summer monsoon months and have an important cooling effect on the regional climate. Previous studies of these clouds have focused on modelling and remote sensing via satellite. We present the first comprehensive set of in situ measurements of cloud microphysics from the region, taken during June–July 2016, as part of the DACCIWA (Dynamics–aerosol–chemistry–cloud interactions in West Africa) campaign. This novel dataset allows us to assess spatial, diurnal, and day-to-day variation in the properties of

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Narendra Reddy, Nelli, Madineni Venkat Ratnam, Ghouse Basha, and Varaha Ravikiran. "Cloud vertical structure over a tropical station obtained using long-term high-resolution radiosonde measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 16 (2018): 11709–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11709-2018.

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Abstract. Cloud vertical structure, including top and base altitudes, thickness of cloud layers, and the vertical distribution of multilayer clouds, affects large-scale atmosphere circulation by altering gradients in the total diabatic heating and cooling and latent heat release. In this study, long-term (11 years) observations of high-vertical-resolution radiosondes are used to obtain the cloud vertical structure over a tropical station at Gadanki (13.5∘ N, 79.2∘ E), India. The detected cloud layers are verified with independent observations using cloud particle sensor (CPS) sonde launched fr

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Song, Hua, Wuyin Lin, Yanluan Lin, et al. "Evaluation of Cloud Fraction Simulated by Seven SCMs against the ARM Observations at the SGP Site*." Journal of Climate 27, no. 17 (2014): 6698–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00555.1.

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Abstract This study evaluates the performances of seven single-column models (SCMs) by comparing simulated cloud fraction with observations at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site from January 1999 to December 2001. Compared with the 3-yr mean observational cloud fraction, the ECMWF SCM underestimates cloud fraction at all levels and the GISS SCM underestimates cloud fraction at levels below 200 hPa. The two GFDL SCMs underestimate lower-to-middle level cloud fraction but overestimate upper-level cloud fraction. The three Community Atmosphere Mod

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Ehrlich, A., E. Bierwirth, M. Wendisch, et al. "Cloud phase identification of low-level Arctic clouds from airborne spectral radiation measurements: test of three approaches." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 4 (2008): 15901–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-15901-2008.

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Abstract. Boundary layer clouds were investigated with a complementary set of remote sensing and in situ instruments during the Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol, Clouds and Radiation (ASTAR) campaign in March and April 2007. The clouds that formed in a cold air outbreak over the open Greenland sea showed a variety in their thermodynamic state. Beside the predominant mixed-phase clouds pure liquid and ice clouds were observed. Utilizing the measurements of solar radiation reflected by the clouds three methods to retrieve the thermodynamic phase of the cloud were defined and compared. Two ic

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Winker, David, Xia Cai, Mark Vaughan, et al. "A Level 3 monthly gridded ice cloud dataset derived from 12 years of CALIOP measurements." Earth System Science Data 16, no. 6 (2024): 2831–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2831-2024.

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Abstract. Clouds play important roles in weather, climate, and the global water cycle. The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) onboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) spacecraft has measured global vertical profiles of clouds and aerosols in the Earth’s atmosphere since June 2006. CALIOP provides vertically resolved information on cloud occurrence, thermodynamic phase, and properties. We describe version 1.0 of a monthly gridded ice cloud product derived from over 12 years of global, near-continuous CALIOP measurements. The

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Eguchi, Nawo, and Yukio Yoshida. "A high-level cloud detection method utilizing the GOSAT TANSO-FTS water vapor saturated band." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 1 (2019): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-389-2019.

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Abstract. A detection method for high-level clouds, such as ice clouds, is developed using the water vapor saturated channels of the solar reflected spectrum observed by the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) Thermal And Near-infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS). The clouds detected by this method are optically relatively thin (0.01 or less) and located at high altitude. Approximately 85 % of the results from this method for clouds with cloud-top altitude above 5 km agree with the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) c

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Marchant, Benjamin, Steven Platnick, Kerry Meyer, G. Thomas Arnold, and Jérôme Riedi. "MODIS Collection 6 shortwave-derived cloud phase classification algorithm and comparisons with CALIOP." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 4 (2016): 1587–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1587-2016.

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Abstract. Cloud thermodynamic phase (ice, liquid, undetermined) classification is an important first step for cloud retrievals from passive sensors such as MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Because ice and liquid phase clouds have very different scattering and absorbing properties, an incorrect cloud phase decision can lead to substantial errors in the cloud optical and microphysical property products such as cloud optical thickness or effective particle radius. Furthermore, it is well established that ice and liquid clouds have different impacts on the Earth's energy budg

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Marchant, B., S. Platnick, K. Meyer, G. T. Arnold, and J. Riedi. "MODIS Collection 6 shortwave-derived cloud phase classification algorithm and comparisons with CALIOP." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 11 (2015): 11893–924. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-11893-2015.

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Abstract. Cloud thermodynamic phase (ice, liquid, undetermined) classification is an important first step for cloud retrievals from passive sensors such as MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Because ice and liquid phase clouds have very different scattering and absorbing properties, an incorrect cloud phase decision can lead to substantial errors in the cloud optical and microphysical property products such as cloud optical thickness or effective particle radius. Furthermore, it is well established that ice and liquid clouds have different impacts on the Earth's energy budg

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Motos, Ghislain, Gabriel Freitas, Paraskevi Georgakaki, et al. "Aerosol and dynamical contributions to cloud droplet formation in Arctic low-level clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 21 (2023): 13941–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13941-2023.

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Abstract. The Arctic is one of the most rapidly warming regions of the globe. Low-level clouds and fog modify the energy transfer from and to space and play a key role in the observed strong Arctic surface warming, a phenomenon commonly termed “Arctic amplification”. The response of low-level clouds to changing aerosol characteristics throughout the year is therefore an important driver of Arctic change that currently lacks sufficient constraints. As such, during the NASCENT campaign (Ny-Ålesund AeroSol Cloud ExperimeNT) extending over a full year from October 2019 to October 2020, microphysic

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Zouzoua, Maurin, Fabienne Lohou, Paul Assamoi, et al. "Breakup of nocturnal low-level stratiform clouds during the southern West African monsoon season." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 3 (2021): 2027–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2027-2021.

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Abstract. Within the framework of the DACCIWA (Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project and based on a field experiment conducted in June and July 2016, we analyze the daytime breakup of continental low-level stratiform clouds in southern West Africa. We use the observational data gathered during 22 precipitation-free occurrences at Savè, Benin. Our analysis, which starts from the stratiform cloud formation usually at night, focuses on the role played by the coupling between cloud and surface in the transition towards shallow convective clouds during daytime. It is

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35

Rossow, William B., and Yuanchong Zhang. "Evaluation of a Statistical Model of Cloud Vertical Structure Using Combined CloudSat and CALIPSO Cloud Layer Profiles." Journal of Climate 23, no. 24 (2010): 6641–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3734.1.

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Abstract A model of the three-dimensional distribution of clouds was developed from the statistics of cloud layer occurrence from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and the statistics of cloud vertical structure (CVS) from an analysis of radiosonde humidity profiles. The CVS model associates each cloud type, defined by cloud-top pressure of the topmost cloud layer and total column optical thickness, with a particular CVS. The advent of satellite cloud radar (CloudSat) and lidar [Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO)] measurement

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Rosenfeld, Daniel, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Youtong Zheng, Tom Goren, and Shaocai Yu. "Aerosol-driven droplet concentrations dominate coverage and water of oceanic low-level clouds." Science 363, no. 6427 (2019): eaav0566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0566.

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A lack of reliable estimates of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) aerosols over oceans has severely limited our ability to quantify their effects on cloud properties and extent of cooling by reflecting solar radiation—a key uncertainty in anthropogenic climate forcing. We introduce a methodology for ascribing cloud properties to CCN and isolating the aerosol effects from meteorological effects. Its application showed that for a given meteorology, CCN explains three-fourths of the variability in the radiative cooling effect of clouds, mainly through affecting shallow cloud cover and water path. T

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Cesana, G., D. E. Waliser, D. Henderson, T. S. L’Ecuyer, X. Jiang, and J. L. F. Li. "The Vertical Structure of Radiative Heating Rates: A Multimodel Evaluation Using A-Train Satellite Observations." Journal of Climate 32, no. 5 (2019): 1573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0136.1.

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Abstract We assess the vertical distribution of radiative heating rates (RHRs) in climate models using a multimodel experiment and A-Train satellite observations, for the first time. As RHRs rely on the representation of cloud amount and properties, we first compare the modeled vertical distribution of clouds directly against lidar–radar combined cloud observations (i.e., without simulators). On a near-global scale (50°S–50°N), two systematic differences arise: an excess of high-level clouds around 200 hPa in the tropics, and a general lack of mid- and low-level clouds compared to the observat

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Chang, Fu-Lung, and James A. Coakley. "Relationships between Marine Stratus Cloud Optical Depth and Temperature: Inferences from AVHRR Observations." Journal of Climate 20, no. 10 (2007): 2022–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4115.1.

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Abstract Studies using International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data have reported decreases in cloud optical depth with increasing temperature, thereby suggesting a positive feedback in cloud optical depth as climate warms. The negative cloud optical depth and temperature relationships are questioned because ISCCP employs threshold assumptions to identify cloudy pixels that have included partly cloudy pixels. This study applies the spatial coherence technique to one month of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data over the Pacific Ocean to differentiate overcast

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Wind, Galina, Steven Platnick, Michael D. King, et al. "Multilayer Cloud Detection with the MODIS Near-Infrared Water Vapor Absorption Band." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 11 (2010): 2315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2364.1.

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Abstract Data Collection 5 processing for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra and Aqua spacecraft includes an algorithm for detecting multilayered clouds in daytime. The main objective of this algorithm is to detect multilayered cloud scenes, specifically optically thin ice cloud overlying a lower-level water cloud, that present difficulties for retrieving cloud effective radius using single-layer plane-parallel cloud models. The algorithm uses the MODIS 0.94-μm water vapor band along with CO2 bands to obtain two above-

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Wang, P., and P. Stammes. "Evaluation of SCIAMACHY Oxygen A band cloud heights using Cloudnet measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 5 (2014): 1331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-1331-2014.

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Abstract. Two SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) O2 A band cloud height products are evaluated using ground-based radar/lidar measurements between January 2003 and December 2011. The products are the ESA (European Space Agency) Level 2 (L2) version 5.02 cloud top height and the FRESCO (Fast Retrieval Scheme for Clouds from the Oxygen A band) version 6 cloud height. The radar/lidar profiles are obtained at the Cloudnet sites of Cabauw and Lindenberg, and are averaged for 1 h centered at the SCIAMACHY overpass time. In total we have 217 cases of sin

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Xu, Wenjing, and Daren Lyu. "Evaluation of Cloud Mask and Cloud Top Height from Fengyun-4A with MODIS Cloud Retrievals over the Tibetan Plateau." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8 (2021): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081418.

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The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has profound thermal and dynamic influences on the atmospheric circulation, energy, and water cycles of the climate system, which make the clouds over the TP the forefront of atmospheric and climate science. However, the highest altitude and most complex terrain of the TP make the retrieval of cloud properties challenging. In order to understand the performance and limitations of cloud retrievals over the TP derived from the state-of-the-art Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard the new generation of Chinese Geostationary (GEO) meteorological satellit

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Chen, Julong, Bin Wang, Rundong Gan, Xuepeng Mou, Shiping Yang, and Ling Tan. "Multi-Level Particle System Modeling Algorithm with WRF." Atmosphere 16, no. 5 (2025): 571. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050571.

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In the fields of meteorological simulation and computer graphics, precise simulation of clouds has been a recent research hotspot. The existing cloud modeling methods often ignore the differentiated characteristics of cloud layers at different heights, and suffer from high computational costs under long-range conditions, making them unsuitable for large-scale scenes. Therefore, we propose a multi-level particle system 3D cloud modeling algorithm based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF), which combines particle weight adjustment with a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) fee

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Naud, C. M., J. P. Muller, E. E. Clothiaux, B. A. Baum, and W. P. Menzel. "Intercomparison of multiple years of MODIS, MISR and radar cloud-top heights." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 7 (2005): 2415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-2415-2005.

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Abstract. Radar cloud-top heights were retrieved at both the Chilbolton Facility for Atmospheric and Radio Research, UK (CFARR) and the ARM Southern Great Plain site, USA (SGP), using millimetre wave cloud radars and identical algorithms. The resulting cloud-top heights were used for comparison with MODIS and MISR retrieved cloud-top heights, from March 2000 to October 2003. Both imaging instruments reside on the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra platform launched in 1999. MODIS and MISR cloud-top products were from the recent collections (4 and 3, respectively) that cover the entire mis

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Lima, Prijith, Sesha Sai, Rao, Niranjan, and Ramana. "Retrieval and Validation of Cloud Top Temperature from the Geostationary Satellite INSAT-3D." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23 (2019): 2811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232811.

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Investigation of cloud top temperature (CTT) and its diurnal variation is highly reliant on high spatial and temporal resolution satellite data, which is lacking over the Indian region. An algorithm has been developed for detection of clouds and retrieval of CTT from the geostationary satellite INSAT-3D. These retrievals are validated (inter-compared) with collocated in-situ (satellite) measurements with specific intent to generate climate-quality data. The cloud detection algorithm employs nine different tests, in accordance with solar illumination, satellite angle and surface type conditions

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Schreiner, Anthony J., Steven A. Ackerman, Bryan A. Baum, and Andrew K. Heidinger. "A Multispectral Technique for Detecting Low-Level Cloudiness near Sunrise." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 10 (2007): 1800–1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech2092.1.

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Abstract A technique using the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) sounder radiance data has been developed to improve detection of low clouds and fog just after sunrise. The technique is based on a simple difference method using the shortwave (3.7 μm) and longwave (11.0 μm) window bands in the infrared range of the spectrum. The time period just after sunrise is noted for the difficulty in being able to correctly identify low clouds and fog over land. For the GOES sounder cloud product this difficulty is a result of the visible reflectance of the low clouds falling below

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46

Yue, Zhiguo, Daniel Rosenfeld, Guihua Liu, et al. "Automated Mapping of Convective Clouds (AMCC) Thermodynamical, Microphysical, and CCN Properties from SNPP/VIIRS Satellite Data." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, no. 4 (2019): 887–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-18-0144.1.

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AbstractThe advent of the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi NPP (SNPP) satellite made it possible to retrieve a new class of convective cloud properties and the aerosols that they ingest. An automated mapping system of retrieval of some properties of convective cloud fields over large areas at the scale of satellite coverage was developed and is presented here. The system is named Automated Mapping of Convective Clouds (AMCC). The input is level-1 VIIRS data and meteorological gridded data. AMCC identifies the cloudy pixels of convective elements; retrieves fo

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Hong, Gang, Ping Yang, Bo-Cai Gao, et al. "High Cloud Properties from Three Years of MODIS Terra and Aqua Collection-4 Data over the Tropics." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 11 (2007): 1840–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1583.1.

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Abstract This study surveys the optical and microphysical properties of high (ice) clouds over the Tropics (30°S–30°N) over a 3-yr period from September 2002 through August 2005. The analyses are based on the gridded level-3 cloud products derived from the measurements acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments aboard both the NASA Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua platforms. The present analysis is based on the MODIS collection-4 data products. The cloud products provide daily, weekly, and monthly mean cloud fraction, cloud optical thickness, cloud e

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Zanatta, Marco, Stephan Mertes, Olivier Jourdan, et al. "Airborne investigation of black carbon interaction with low-level, persistent, mixed-phase clouds in the Arctic summer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 14 (2023): 7955–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023.

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Abstract. Aerosol–cloud interaction is considered one of the largest sources of uncertainty in radiative forcing estimations. To better understand the role of black carbon (BC) aerosol as a cloud nucleus and the impact of clouds on its vertical distribution in the Arctic, we report airborne in situ measurements of BC particles in the European Arctic near Svalbard during the “Arctic CLoud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day” (ACLOUD) campaign held in the summer of 2017. BC was measured with a single-particle soot photometer aboard the Polar 6 research aircraft from the low

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Sporre, M. K., E. Swietlicki, P. Glantz, and M. Kulmala. "Aerosol indirect effects on continental low-level clouds over Sweden and Finland." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 9 (2014): 12931–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-12931-2014.

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Abstract. Aerosol effects on low-level clouds over the nordic countries are investigated by combining in situ ground-based aerosol measurements with remote sensing data of clouds and precipitation. Ten years of number size distribution data from two aerosol measurement stations (Vavihill, Sweden and Hyytiälä, Finland) provide aerosol number concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer. This is combined with cloud satellite data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and weather radar data from the Baltic Sea Experiment. Also, how the meteorological conditions affect the clo

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Sporre, M. K., E. Swietlicki, P. Glantz, and M. Kulmala. "Aerosol indirect effects on continental low-level clouds over Sweden and Finland." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 22 (2014): 12167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12167-2014.

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Abstract. Aerosol effects on low-level clouds over the Nordic Countries are investigated by combining in situ ground-based aerosol measurements with remote sensing data of clouds and precipitation. Ten years of number size distribution data from two aerosol measurement stations (Vavihill, Sweden and Hyytiälä, Finland) provide aerosol number concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer. This is combined with cloud satellite data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and weather radar data from the Baltic Sea Experiment. Also, how the meteorological conditions affect the clo

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