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1
Yang, Z. H., Y. S. Zhang, T. Zheng, W. B. Lai, Z. R. Zou, and B. Zou. "CO-REGISTRATION AIRBORNE LIDAR POINT CLOUD DATA AND SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL IMAGE REGISTRATION BASED ON COMBINED ADJUSTMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-259-2016.
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Aim at the problem of co-registration airborne laser point cloud data with the synchronous digital image, this paper proposed a registration method based on combined adjustment. By integrating tie point, point cloud data with elevation constraint pseudo observations, using the principle of least-squares adjustment to solve the corrections of exterior orientation elements of each image, high-precision registration results can be obtained. In order to ensure the reliability of the tie point, and the effectiveness of pseudo observations, this paper proposed a point cloud data constrain SIFT matching and optimizing method, can ensure that the tie points are located on flat terrain area. Experiments with the airborne laser point cloud data and its synchronous digital image, there are about 43 pixels error in image space using the original POS data. If only considering the bore-sight of POS system, there are still 1.3 pixels error in image space. The proposed method regards the corrections of the exterior orientation elements of each image as unknowns and the errors are reduced to 0.15 pixels.
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Yang, Z. H., Y. S. Zhang, T. Zheng, W. B. Lai, Z. R. Zou, and B. Zou. "CO-REGISTRATION AIRBORNE LIDAR POINT CLOUD DATA AND SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL IMAGE REGISTRATION BASED ON COMBINED ADJUSTMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-259-2016.
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Aim at the problem of co-registration airborne laser point cloud data with the synchronous digital image, this paper proposed a registration method based on combined adjustment. By integrating tie point, point cloud data with elevation constraint pseudo observations, using the principle of least-squares adjustment to solve the corrections of exterior orientation elements of each image, high-precision registration results can be obtained. In order to ensure the reliability of the tie point, and the effectiveness of pseudo observations, this paper proposed a point cloud data constrain SIFT matching and optimizing method, can ensure that the tie points are located on flat terrain area. Experiments with the airborne laser point cloud data and its synchronous digital image, there are about 43 pixels error in image space using the original POS data. If only considering the bore-sight of POS system, there are still 1.3 pixels error in image space. The proposed method regards the corrections of the exterior orientation elements of each image as unknowns and the errors are reduced to 0.15 pixels.
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Ojugo, Arnold Adimabua, and Oghenevwede Debby Otakore. "Intelligent Peer-To-Peer Banking Framework: Advancing The Frontiers of Agent Banking For Financial Inclusion In Nigeria Via Smartphones." Quantitative Economics and Management Studies 1, no. 5 (August 22, 2020): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems140.
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The advent of the retail point of sale (POS) system as a critical component of the traditional retail infrastructure seeks to advance client payment-ease for goods and services rendered by vendors as well as the effective collection of funds by the vendor. It also aids the vendor to collect in advance monies that the client may wish to spend later on goods and services. Thus, the POS has since become a necessity in modern retail stores as its increased usage has seen a transformation from a single machine to a cloud and smart platforms. Our study seeks to model a conceptual framework for decentralized POS as adapted to smartphones. This will enhance cashless transaction irrespective of a customer’s location globally and locally. Built around the block-chain technology, it seeks to minimize challenge(s) of time, installation requirements incurred with the adoption of automatic teller machine (ATM), location and citing of agent-banking in a rural area with low tele- and tech-penetration.
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Ojugo, Arnold Adimabua, and Oghenevwede Debby Otakore. "Intelligent Peer-To-Peer Banking Framework: Advancing The Frontiers of Agent Banking For Financial Inclusion In Nigeria Via Smartphones." Quantitative Economics and Management Studies 1, no. 5 (August 22, 2020): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems140.
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The advent of the retail point of sale (POS) system as a critical component of the traditional retail infrastructure seeks to advance client payment-ease for goods and services rendered by vendors as well as the effective collection of funds by the vendor. It also aids the vendor to collect in advance monies that the client may wish to spend later on goods and services. Thus, the POS has since become a necessity in modern retail stores as its increased usage has seen a transformation from a single machine to a cloud and smart platforms. Our study seeks to model a conceptual framework for decentralized POS as adapted to smartphones. This will enhance cashless transaction irrespective of a customer’s location globally and locally. Built around the block-chain technology, it seeks to minimize challenge(s) of time, installation requirements incurred with the adoption of automatic teller machine (ATM), location and citing of agent-banking in a rural area with low tele- and tech-penetration.
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Wang, Qian, Chao Tang, Cuijun Dong, Qingzhou Mao, Fei Tang, Jianping Chen, Haiqian Hou, and Yonggang Xiong. "Absolute Positioning and Orientation of MLSS in a Subway Tunnel Based on Sparse Point-Assisted DR." Sensors 20, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030645.
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When performing the inspection of subway tunnels, there is an immense amount of data to be collected and the time available for inspection is short; however, the requirement for inspection accuracy is high. In this study, a mobile laser scanning system (MLSS) was used for the inspection of subway tunnels, and the key technology of the positioning and orientation system (POS) was investigated. We utilized the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and the odometer as the core sensors of the POS. The initial attitude of the MLSS was obtained by using a static initial alignment method. Considering that there is no global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal in a subway, the forward and backward dead reckoning (DR) algorithm was used to calculate the positions and attitudes of the MLSS from any starting point in two directions. While the MLSS passed by the control points distributed on both sides of the track, the local coordinates of the control points were transmitted to the center of the MLSS by using the ranging information of the laser scanner. Then, a four-parameter transformation method was used to correct the error of the POS and transform the 3-D state information of the MLSS from a navigation coordinate system (NCS) to a local coordinate system (LCS). This method can completely eliminate a MLSS’s dependence on GNSS signals, and the obtained positioning and attitude information can be used for point cloud data fusion to directly obtain the coordinates in the LCS. In a tunnel of the Beijing–Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, when the distance interval of the control points used for correction was 120 m, the accuracy of the 3-D coordinates of the point clouds was 8 mm, and the experiment also showed that it takes less than 4 h to complete all the inspection work for a 5–6 km long tunnel. Further, the results from the inspection work of Wuhan subway lines showed that when the distance intervals of the control points used for correction were 60 m, 120 m, 240 m, and 480 m, the accuracies of the 3-D coordinates of the point clouds in the local coordinate system were 4 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, and 8 mm, respectively.
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Muryani, Ayu Sri, and Muqorobin Muqorobin. "Decision Support System Using Cloud-Based Moka Pos Application To Easy In Input In Orange Carwash Blulukan Flash N0.110 Colomadu." International Journal of Computer and Information System (IJCIS) 1, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/ijcis.v1i3.20.
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Orange Carwash is a car wash service business that has been running in 2018, Orange Car. The wash address that I studied is located at Jalan Adi Sucipto no.110 Blulukan Colomadu In running a car wash service business, Orange Carwash tries to provide services to customers, regarding inputting types of washing products, member entry, express washing promos, and payment transaction methods. The system used is still classified as manual. For the purpose of this research, it really helps companies in terms of promoting and introducing products to car wash consumers with a computerized system using the cloud-based Moka Pos application. The method in this research is through observation, interviews, documentation, and heritage studies (looking for references from books or journals). The system design is made with context diagrams, HIPO, DAD, input output design, hardware requirements analysis, software requirements analysis. By using online input, the cashier will find it easier to group the washing type product data, as well as compile accurate and efficient reports. The final result of designing an online car wash service information system, using the Moka Pos application, in the form of sales report recap data and the number of types of washing products, classification of types of washing products, and the washer name of each cashier, which will be designed by the car wash. Oranger Carwash.
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Muthu Selvam, M., K. Mariappan, G. V. Sriramakrishnan, and G. Suseendran. "DeyPoS-homomorphism authenticated tree (HAT) for multi-user locality in cloud storage." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.31 (May 29, 2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.31.13427.
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The technology PoS (Dynamic Proof of storage) is a cryptographic primordial allows a abuser to test the reliability of subcontracted documents and effectively replace documents in the cloud storage system. Despite the fact that investigators have projected several dynamic proofs of storage designs in distinct client settings, hassle in the multi-client settings have now not been examined adequately. In sensible multi-client cloud server storage space wishes a cozy client part cross client system of deduplication, it permits client toward bypass importing manner as well as gain instantly the rights of the files, while different vendors of the same files hold uploaded to the cloud system server. In the direction of familiarity not a bit of prevailing dynamic Proof of Storages can guide this system. This research article we are bring the model of dynamic proof of storage in deduplicatable system and endorse a green creation known as Dedupicatable Dynamic Proof of Storage (DeyPoS), on the way to attain DeyPoS and comfy reduplication concurrently in cross client. Taking into account confront of formation assortment and personal blot creation make use of a new tool called HAT (Homomorphic Authenticated Tree). Also verify precautions of creation and the hypothetical, investigational outcomes shows that the creation is green in use.
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Wang, Jian Jun. "Compensating Impact of the Roll Variation of Airborne Platform on Laser Point Cloud from Airborne LiDAR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 2042–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.2042.
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The roll variation of airborne platform has significant impact on the coverage area and point density of the laser point cloud obtained by airborne LiDAR. Thus, it is of practical significance to compensate the impact of roll variation. In this paper, a compensation device was designed firstly, including the mechanical structure and control system, to compensate the impact of roll variation on the laser point cloud. Then, the compensation principle of the airborne LiDAR with the designed compensation device was analyzed. Finally, the actual working procedure of the airborne LiDAR with the designed compensation device was simulated, in which the measurement errors of the position and orientation system (POS), as well as the measurement errors and control errors of the designed compensation device has been considered. The experimental results show that the designed compensation device is effective to compensate the impact of the roll variation.
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Zhao, Chen, Zhang, and Zheng. "A Hovercraft-Borne LiDAR and a Comprehensive Filtering Method for the Topographic Survey of Mudflats." Remote Sensing 11, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11141646.
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To obtain the mudflat topography when existing measuring systems and data processing methods are impracticable under special conditions, this paper presents a hovercraft-borne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) system and a novel comprehensive filtering method. The system is based on a hovercraft and equipped with a laser scanner and a POS (position and orientation system). The filtering method firstly segments the point cloud into different segments by combining the geometric and intensity information, then fitting the ground surface by cloth simulation method, and finally synthetically extracts the ground points with three constraints. These constraints are the distance of the point to the fitting surface, the normal difference between the point and the fitting surface, and the proportion of the possible ground points in the total points of each segment. The effectiveness of the measurement system and the development of the post-processing results were verified on the basis of field measurements, in which a total filtering error of 0.3% and the elevation accuracy of 6.4 cm were obtained. The proposed system and methods provide a new way for efficient and accurate topographic survey on mudflats.
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Shahraji, M. H., C. Larouche, and M. Cocard. "ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMATIC ERRORS OF MOBILE LiDAR SYSTEMS: A SIMULATION APPROACH." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-1-2020 (August 3, 2020): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-1-2020-253-2020.
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Abstract. The systematic error analysis of the mobile LiDAR system (MLS) is always a challenging task in real-world situations. This challenge is mainly due to the mixture of systematic errors with non-systematic errors. To tackle this issue, in this paper, we introduce a conceptual model of an MLS simulator. The main advantage of the simulation-based approach is the full control over the erroneous systematic and non-systematic parameters that affect an MLS’s output. In the proposed simulation approach, we only take into account systematic errors that affect the simulated georeferenced point cloud. These systematic errors are as follows, POS-LiDAR boresight angles, POS-LiDAR leverarms, range offset, and scan angle offset. To simplify our analysis, we concentrate only on modeling the effects of systematic errors on planar targets and we focus solely on the terrestrial platform. Based on an independent analysis performed on each of the eight systematic errors of an MLS, to obtain strong visibility over systematic errors of an MLS, we suggest two planar targets of 1m x 1m dimensions with vertical and inclined orientations and a five-line pattern for MLS, two parallel and three side-looking passages. The proposed configuration generates an ideal input point cloud for the detection of systematic errors (except for the Z-Leverarm error) and ultimately it will lead to the proper input data for calibration of a terrestrial MLS. To validate our methodology, with an in-house assembled terrestrial MLS, we scanned a set of planar targets with three different orientations (vertical, inclined, and horizontal). This real-data validation test illustrated that with only two out of three planar targets (vertical and inclined) and with five out of six passages (two parallel to the planar targets and three side-looking passages), we will obtain expected visibility over the systematic errors of a terrestrial MLS, which approves the results with the simulation data.
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Chen, Zequan, Jianping Li, and Bisheng Yang. "A Strip Adjustment Method of UAV-Borne LiDAR Point Cloud Based on DEM Features for Mountainous Area." Sensors 21, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 2782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082782.
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Due to the trajectory error of the low-precision position and orientation system (POS) used in unmanned aerial laser scanning (ULS), discrepancies usually exist between adjacent LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) strips. Strip adjustment is an effective way to eliminate these discrepancies. However, it is difficult to apply existing strip adjustment methods in mountainous areas with few artificial objects. Thus, digital elevation model-iterative closest point (DEM-ICP), a pair-wise registration method that takes topography features into account, is proposed in this paper. First, DEM-ICP filters the point clouds to remove the non-ground points. Second, the ground points are interpolated to generate continuous DEMs. Finally, a point-to-plane ICP algorithm is performed to register the adjacent DEMs with the overlapping area. A graph-based optimization is utilized following DEM-ICP to estimate the correction parameters and achieve global consistency between all strips. Experiments were carried out using eight strips collected by ULS in mountainous areas to evaluate the proposed method. The average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of all data was less than 0.4 m after the proposed strip adjustment, which was only 0.015 m higher than the result of manual registration (ground truth). In addition, the plane fitting accuracy of lateral point clouds was improved 4.2-fold, from 1.565 to 0.375 m, demonstrating the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method.
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Watanabe, Takuma, Takeru Niwa, and Hiroshi Masuda. "Registration of Point-Clouds from Terrestrial and Portable Laser Scanners." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 2 (March 4, 2016): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0163.
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We proposed a registration method for aligning short-range point-clouds captured using a portable laser scanner (PLS) to a large-scale point-cloud captured using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). As a PLS covers a very limited region, it often fails to provide sufficient features for registration. In our method, the system analyzes large-scale point-clouds captured using a TLS and indicates candidate regions to be measured using a PLS. When the user measures a suggested region, the system aligns the captured short-range point-cloud to the large-scale point-cloud. Our experiments show that the registration method can adequately align point-clouds captured using a TLS and a PLS.
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Cura, R., J. Perret, and N. Paparoditis. "POINT CLOUD SERVER (PCS) : POINT CLOUDS IN-BASE MANAGEMENT AND PROCESSING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-3/W5 (August 20, 2015): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-3-w5-531-2015.
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In addition to the traditional Geographic Information System (GIS) data such as images and vectors, point cloud data has become more available. It is appreciated for its precision and true three-Dimensional (3D) nature. However, managing the point cloud can be difficult due to scaling problems and specificities of this data type. Several methods exist but are usually fairly specialised and solve only one aspect of the management problem. In this work, we propose a complete and efficient point cloud management system based on a database server that works on groups of points rather than individual points. This system is specifically designed to solve all the needs of point cloud users: fast loading, compressed storage, powerful filtering, easy data access and exporting, and integrated processing. Moreover, the system fully integrates metadata (like sensor position) and can conjointly use point clouds with images, vectors, and other point clouds. The system also offers in-base processing for easy prototyping and parallel processing and can scale well. Lastly, the system is built on open source technologies; therefore it can be easily extended and customised. We test the system will several <i>billion</i> points of point clouds from Lidar (aerial and terrestrial ) and stereo-vision. We demonstrate ~ <i>400 million pts/h</i> loading speed, user-transparent greater than <i>2 to 4:1</i> compression ratio, filtering in the approximately <i>50 ms</i> range, and output of about a million pts/s, along with classical processing, such as object detection.
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Li, J., B. Yang, C. Chen, W. Wu, and L. Zhang. "AERIAL-TRIANGULATION AIDED BORESIGHT CALIBRATION FOR A LOW-COST UAV-LIDAR SYSTEM." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-1-2020 (August 3, 2020): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-1-2020-245-2020.
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Abstract. The Laser-IMU boresight calibration is the precondition for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system (ULS). The existing methods achieve good performance for calibrating ULSs with high-precision positioning and orientation systems (POS) (e.g., APX-15), in which, the systematic errors of the high-precision POS can be ignored, only the boresight parameters are estimated. However, these methods have difficulties in calibrating the low-cost ULSs with low-precision POS. To overcome the impact of the systematic errors of the low-precision POS on boresight calibration, an aerial-triangulation aided boresight calibration is proposed in this paper. It simultaneously estimates the laser-IMU boresight angles and system states (e.g. trajectory) by setting the point clouds derived from aerial-triangulation (AT point clouds) as the reference. Firstly, the planar voxels from the AT point clouds are extracted, due to the fact that they are more reliable in AT point clouds. Secondly, raw laser observations are matched with the extracted planar voxels to establish laser matching observations. Thirdly, a Dynamic Network (DN) is built using the GNSS observations, inertial observations, and laser matching observations to simultaneously optimize the initial laser-IMU boresight angles and the system states. All the sensor observations involved in the ULS are modeled with proper error models, which are essential for analyzing and refining the data quality of the low-cost ULS. The proposed method was tested to calibrate a low-cost ULS, KylinCloud-II, in a calibration field. It showed that the average distance between the laser point clouds and the referenced AT point clouds was decreased from 2.560m (RMSE = 3.88m) to 0.08m (RMSE = 0.99m).
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R.K, Nadesh, Srinivasa Perumal R, Shynu P.G, and Gaurav Sharma. "Enhancing security for end users in cloud computing environment using hybrid encryption technique." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.8 (February 14, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.8340.
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In the era of cloud, anything and everything as a service facilitates number of remote user connected from anywhere, anytime and any form of access to the storage services. Today, Cloud storage has become an essential aspect of cloud computing, stores information and support any kind of applications. Applications like Internet of Things, Big Data analytics, Data warehousing, Databases, Backups and archive applications all rely on some form or the other on cloud storage architecture. Users may have a different variants of smart devices such as tablet, PCs, notebook and smart phones. Cloud storage provides an interlink between these smart devices. Enterprises prefer to use cloud storage because they provide cost-friendly and flexible alternatives on locally implemented hardware. However, business process in the cloud needs secured transaction, confidential files are sometimes exposed to risk of leakage, as cloud- stored data resides outside of the local infrastructure, thus vulnerable to security risks. Cloud storage providers provides enough security at their end, but there is no system that provides client level security while using public clouds. The proposed system will provide client level security using hybrid encryption techniques. Using AES (Advance Encryption Standard) in CBC Mode (Cipher Block Chaining) and HMAC-SHA-1 (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) with light weight methods enhances the strong encryption at client level security. Fusion of these algorithms adds extra layers of security to the cloud storage data. The proposed method enhances the security measures for any client users, using storage as a service offered by several cloud service providers.
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Ul Mehmood, Mussawir, Abasin Ulasyar, Abraiz Khattak, Kashif Imran, Haris Sheh Zad, and Shibli Nisar. "Cloud Based IoT Solution for Fault Detection and Localization in Power Distribution Systems." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 2686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112686.
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Power restoring time in power distribution systems (PDS) can be minimized by using efficient fault localization techniques. This paper proposes a novel, robust and scalable cloud based internet of things (IoT) solution for identification and localization of faults in PDS. For this purpose, a new algorithm is developed that can detect single and multiple simultaneous faults in the presence of single and multiple device or sensor failures. The algorithm has utilized a zone based approach that divides a PDS into different zones. A current sensing device (CSD) was deployed at the boundary of a zone. The function of CSD is to provide time synchronized current measurements and communicate with a cloud server through an edge device (ED). Another contribution of this research work is the unique implementation of context aware policy (CAP) in ED. Due to CAP, only those measurements are transmitted to cloud server that differ from the previously transmitted measurements. The cloud server performed calculations at regular intervals to detect faults in PDS. A relational database model was utilized to log various fault events that occur in PDS. An IEEE 37 node test feeder was selected as PDS to observe the performance of our solution. Two test cases were designed to simulate individual and multiple simultaneous faults in PDS. A third test case was implemented to demonstrate the robustness and scalability of proposed solution to detect multiple simultaneous faults in PDS when single and multiple sensor failures were encountered. It was observed that the new algorithm successfully localized the faults for all the three cases. Consequently, significant reductions were noticed in the amount of data that was sent to the cloud server. In the end, a comparison study of a proposed solution was performed with existing methods to further highlight the benefits of our technique.
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Li, Jing, Huan Guo Zhang, Bo Zhao, Xi Guo, and Fan He. "Research on Hardware Security of Embedded System in Cloud Environment." Advanced Materials Research 488-489 (March 2012): 1480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.488-489.1480.
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Cloud computing is an important innovation of current computing models. At present, the research on the security of cloud computing is mainly concentrated on PCs and servers. The security of embedded system in cloud environment does not win enough attention. This paper analysis the security threats of it, and proposes a Secure Hardware Model to provide a tamper-resistant and more reliable hardware embedded platform in cloud environment. Our model adds some new components to traditional embedded system, controls the start sequence of platform’s components, verifies the integrity of crucial information for embedded platform and recovers the system if necessary. Our implementation demonstrates the feasibility of Secure Hardware Model, it enhance the secure and reliable boot of embedded system. With the constant development and application of embedded system in cloud computing field, our research will influence cloud computing greatly.
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Zhou, Li Feng, Wen Bin Yao, De Yan Jiang, and Cong Wang. "Design and Evaluation of Bupt-Cloud-Storage System." Advanced Materials Research 566 (September 2012): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.566.560.
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Cloud storage, which is composed of a large number storage devices and servers, provides large-scale flexible storage services through Internet. BCSS (Bupt-Cloud-Storage System) based on some cheap irresponsible PCs is designed as a mass storage platform to offer high reliable and available storage services. Meanwhile, it improves performance of data access by providing support of multi-user concurrent control. The experimental results verify efficiency of storage services and the performance of BCSS.
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Khayer, Abul, Yukun Bao, and Bang Nguyen. "Understanding cloud computing success and its impact on firm performance: an integrated approach." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 5 (March 29, 2020): 963–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-06-2019-0327.
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PurposeThis study aims to investigate the determinants of successful implementation of cloud computing and, further, examines how cloud computing success influences firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed a conceptual framework based on the integration of several strands of literature in business studies and information systems. To test the proposed model, data were collected from 300 Chinese firms which have adopted cloud computing. To analyze the data, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used. An importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) was also conducted to identify the critical factors that exhibit high importance but low performance.FindingsThe results of the study revealed that end-user satisfaction, information quality, system quality, managerial information technology (IT) capability and technical IT capability significantly affect cloud computing success. Additionally, cloud computing success has a strong and positive impact on firm performance. IPMA further confirms that managers need to concentrate more on system quality, information quality, user satisfaction and technical IT capability.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few attempts to integrate several theoretical frameworks (i.e. IT capabilities and resource-based view, expectation-confirmation theory, and information system success theory) to develop a comprehensive model for understanding the key determinants of cloud computing success and its impact on firm performance. This study makes a useful contribution to the conventional information systems (IS) literature and IT management practice.
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Sithipolvanichgul, Juthamon, Charlie Chen, Judy Land, and Peter Ractham. "Enhancing User Experiences with Cloud Computing via Improving Utilitarian and Hedonic Factors." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 25, 2021): 1822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071822.
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This study provides insights into the initial and post-adoption of cloud computing services by integrating information technology adoption, social influence, trust, security, and information systems quality theories. Social influence, hedonicity, and automaticity are hedonic predictors of user satisfaction with cloud computing services. Perceived risks, trust in the provider, and system quality are utilitarian predictors of user satisfaction with cloud computing services. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) was employed to test eight hypotheses on the causal relationships between the variables. Six out of eight hypotheses were supported. Hedonic factors appear to have more influence than the utilitarian factor of increasing user satisfaction with cloud computing services in the school setting. The findings lead to both theoretical and practical implications for improving the initial and post-adoption of cloud computing services.
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Clegg, R. E. S. "PN Abundances in Different Galactic Systems." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 155 (1993): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900172390.
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Developments in the measurement of abundances in planetary nebulae since IAU Symposium 131 are reviewed. Present uncertainties and outstanding problems in the interpretation of emission-line measurements are discussed. Results for different samples of PN are reviewed, in terms of the galactic site. Results for the Galactic disk, Galactic Bulge, Galactic Halo, LMC & SMC, Fornax Dwarf galaxy and M31 are discussed. Attention is drawn to the importance of Magellanic Cloud samples for testing dredge-up theory, and to the strong variation of PN C/O ratios with the local site's metallicity and age. New results for carbon in Cloud PNs are presented. Important problems in the interpretation of the metallicity of Bulge PNs are highlighted. Attention is drawn to the idea that metal-rich stellar populations do not produce PNs, such stars leaving the lower AGB early.
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Chen, Bin, Zhi Jian Wang, Rong Zhi Qi, and Xin Lv. "Key Performance Information Collection Architecture Based on Cloud Computing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 509 (February 2014): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.509.182.
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Cloud Computing has become another buzzword in recent years. Follow the popular research and use of the cloud system the performance become the bottleneck of the Newborn. More and more researches are turning their attention to analyze the performance of the cloud services. However, it is hard to extract accurate information from the different type of the cloud components such as datacenter, host, Virtual Machines (VM) in the cloud. Thus, it is significant to collect sufficient row data of the Cloud systems for the performance analysis. In this paper, we described an analysis framework to evaluate comprehensive performance guideline of cloud computing center. The analysis architecture is built based on the performance agent and server interface method (PASI), which consists of performance client (PMC), performance agent (PMA) and performance server (PMS), and we put forward a mathematical model based on the PASI information and queuing theory to forecast the idle rate and availability of the cloud environment. It is proved that the PASI architecture is correctly and effectively evaluates the performance of the cloud component and whole cloud environment.
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Sangeetha, Mrs, and R. Arun. "An Improved Energy-Efficient Hybrid Framework Eehf – Algorithm for Green Cloud Computing." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 06 (June 1, 2021): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/05206.
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This paper deals with the relocation of multi-target Virtual Machines (VMs) in a cloud server farm. The proposed VM movement technique at the cloud server farm meanders VMs from underutilized to full capacity Physical Machines (PMs) to energy-efficient Physical Machines (PMs). Furthermore, the multi-target VMs relocation technique not only reduces the forced use of PMs and switches but also confirms the essence of administration by preserving the SLA at the cloud server farm. A novel energy-efficient hybrid (EEHF) system for enhancing the proficiency of electrical energy usage in data centers is carried out and evaluated in this paper. Instead of focusing on only one approach as in previous related works, the proposed system is truly based on solicitation preparation and worker booking. Until managing the preparation, the EEH system sorts the errand clients’ requests according to their time and force requirements. It has a booking system that takes power use into account when making planning decisions. It also has a precise calculation that determines if under burdened employees should be rested or dozed in overburdened workers, virtual machines that should be floated, and workers that will receive moved virtual machines VMs. When compared to other strategies, our proposed VMs development strategy may find a great balance among three conflict goals. Furthermore, the shroud-based cloud sim test results show that our proposed multi-target VMs relocation strategy outperforms best-in-class VMs movement strategies like the Random VMs relocation system in terms of energy efficiency and SLA penetration at the cloud server farm.
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Gouliermis, Dimitrios A. "Clustered Star Formation in the Magellanic Clouds." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S246 (September 2007): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308015287.
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AbstractThe Large and Small Magellanic Cloud (LMC, SMC) offer an outstanding variety of young stellar associations, in which large samples of low-mass stars (withM≤ 1 M⊙) currently in the act of formation can be resolved and explored sufficiently with theHubble Space Telescope. Previous observations with theWide-Field Planetary Camera 2(WFPC2) provided the first evidence of the existence of low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) stars in the vicinity of star forming associations in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) (Gouliermiset al. 2006a), and recent results from deeper observations with theAdvanced Camera for Surveys(ACS) enhanced dramatically the picture of these systems with the discovery of large numbers of PMS stars. The associations LH 95 (Gouliermiset al. 2002, 2007a) in the LMC, and NGC 346 (Gouliermiset al. 2006b) and NGC 602 (Gouliermiset al. 2007b) in the SMC, are currently under investigation with the use of observations from bothHubbleandSpitzer Space Telescope. I present the impact of our recent results in terms of the star formation history and Initial Mass Function (IMF) of these interesting systems, using as example the case of NGC 602.
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Straub, Derek J., and Jeffrey L. Collett. "An Axial-Flow Cyclone for Aircraft-Based Cloud Water Sampling." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 21, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 1825–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-1670.1.
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Abstract A new aircraft-based cloud water collection system has been developed to provide samples of cloud water for chemical analysis. The collection system makes use of centrifugal separation in an axial-flow cyclone to remove cloud drops from the airstream. An automated sample storage system allows up to seven independent samples to be obtained during a single research flight. The entire collection system is housed in a Particle Measurement Systems (PMS) canister to permit the collector to be used on a range of research aircraft without extensive modification to the collector or the aircraft structure. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used extensively throughout the development of the new collector for component design and to predict internal flow dynamics. CFD-based cloud drop trajectory simulations provided an estimate of collection efficiency as a function of drop size. Based on the numerical modeling, the 50% cut diameter was predicted to be 8 μm. Through a quantitative laboratory calibration using fluorescein-tagged monodisperse drops, CFD predictions of drop deposition patterns in the interior of the axial-flow cyclone were verified. The numerical and experimental evaluations were performed to ensure that the population of collected cloud drops is well characterized. Initial flight testing of the system occurred during the Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus, Phase II (DYCOMS-II) field project in July 2001. Although the major components of the prototype collection system operated as expected during flight testing, sample collection rates were lower than expected because of the inefficient removal and storage of cloud water collected in the axial-flow cyclone. Actual sample collection rates ranged between 0.1 and 1.2 mL min−1.
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Kaaouache, Mohamed Amine, and Sadok Bouamama. "An energy-efficient VM placement method for cloud data centers using a hybrid genetic algorithm." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 20, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 430–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-10-2017-0089.
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Purpose This purpose of this paper is to propose a novel hybrid genetic algorithm based on a virtual machine (VM) placement method to improve energy efficiency in cloud data centers. How to place VMs on physical machines (PMs) to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption is one of the major concerns for cloud providers. Over the past few years, many approaches for VM placement (VMP) have been proposed; however, existing VM placement approaches only consider energy consumption by PMs, and do not consider the energy consumption of the communication network of a data center. Design/methodology/approach This paper attempts to solve the energy consumption problem using a VM placement method in cloud data centers. Our approach uses a repairing procedure based on a best-fit decreasing heuristic to resolve violations caused by infeasible solutions that exceed the capacity of the resources during the evolution process. Findings In addition, by reducing the energy consumption time with the proposed technique, the number of VM migrations was reduced compared with existing techniques. Moreover, the communication network caused less service level agreement violations (SLAV). Originality/value The proposed algorithm aims to minimize energy consumption in both PMs and communication networks of data centers. Our hybrid genetic algorithm is scalable because the computation time increases nearly linearly when the number of VMs increases.
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Bedi, Rajeev Kumar, Jaswinder Singh, and Sunil Kumar Gupta. "A Novel Approach for Multi-Cloud Storage for Mobile Devices." International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 13, no. 2 (April 2018): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2018040103.
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Regardless of high embracing rate among users, Multi Cloud Storage Systems for mobile devices still have many limitations. From recent studies, it is clear that multi cloud storage systems work well for desktop PCs where there is no resource limitation but when accessed on mobile devices, these systems consumed a lot of resources of the mobile device. In this article, the authors reviewed three multi cloud storage systems for mobile devices ES File Explorer, Mult Cloud, Otixo and evaluate their performance on the basis of parameters Battery Consumption, CPU Usage, and Data Usage on Jio-Fi network using two mobile devices Micromax Canvas E352 and Redmi Note 4. Then, the authors propose an approach for multi cloud storage for mobile devices that will remove the limitations of previously discussed systems.
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Wang, Xiran, Yifan Gao, Minjie Zhang, Jiting Gu, and Cong Lai. "Energy Storage System Based on Low Power Photovoltaic Power Generation." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 15, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2020.2809.
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The IU and PU characteristic curves of PCs output in photovoltaic generation (PVG) were analyzed according to the working principle of photovoltaic cells (PCs) in the study, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further improvement of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The three-stage charging method was used to charge the battery to improve the energy conversion efficiency in the charging process of the system. The variable step incremental conductance algorithm (ICA) was proposed, which can effectively increase the speed of MPPT in the system and enhance its stability. By setting up a test platform, verification experiments of the tracking algorithm were performed on sunny (higher light intensity), cloudy (medium light intensity), and rainy (lower light intensity) days. The results showed that the adoption of MPPT algorithm can effectively increase the output power (OP) of PCs, the OP in sunny days was higher than in cloudy days and OP in cloudy days was higher than in rainy days compared with the system without MPPT algorithm. Compared with the traditional incremental conductance algorithm, the output power of the PCs using the MPPT algorithm improved by the incremental conductance algorithm had increased by 5.86%. The feasibility and effectiveness of the energy storage system in the study were verified.
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Mohideen Moyeenudin, Hussam, Shaik Javed Parvez, R. Anandan, and Kumar Narayanan. "Data management with PMS in hotel industry." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.21 (April 20, 2018): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.21.12396.
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The rapid growth of hotel industry has increased the usage of data with the help of property management system (PMS). It deals with sharing information in a systematic procedure within the organization. The major benefit of data management with PMS is the information can be easily stored and shared between staff members; it is useful during recruitment and when an employee goes on vacation, gets sick, or leaves the organization, It comprise with procedure of work, duties and responsibilities, initiatives, performance, documentation, forming business strategies and systems which enhance the organization. Data management helps in storing the data for handling plans and on methods of executing and developing policies for various situations in hotel. Data Management is a way of managing knowledge base and making it accessible for specific purposes in any industry, also to improve the quality of performance and standards, by various methods of data application in Management practices which involves in understanding the industry and effectively utilizing data in learning and implementing policies of an organisation. This article describes about how Data Management in hotels works with property management system (PMS) and the advantages of having PMS in hotel Industry. This paper also focuses on the advancement in PMS with cloud technology for future demands.
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Prusak, Daniel, Grzegorz Karpiel, and Konrad Kułakowski. "The Architecture of a Real-Time Control System for Heating Energy Management in the Intelligent Building." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 5402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175402.
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Very often, constructors and designers of intelligent building and building automation systems have a choice: to create a compact system with a limited configuration and modifying the system’s behavior possibilities or provide a fully configurable solution at the expense of introducing a full SCADA system equipped with an additional knowledge database and inference system equipped with learning capabilities. In the presented work, we show that there is a third solution. Using a multilayer control system composed of programmable FPGAs, small PCs, and cloud computing resources, we can design and implement a fully configurable intelligent control system for the building’s heating. Our solution combines the compactness of the structure and the ease of installation and assembly.
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Gollob, Christoph, Tim Ritter, and Arne Nothdurft. "Comparison of 3D Point Clouds Obtained by Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Personal Laser Scanning on Forest Inventory Sample Plots." Data 5, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data5040103.
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In forest inventory, trees are usually measured using handheld instruments; among the most relevant are calipers, inclinometers, ultrasonic devices, and laser range finders. Traditional forest inventory has been redesigned since modern laser scanner technology became available. Laser scanners generate massive data in the form of 3D point clouds. We have developed a novel methodology to provide estimates of the tree positions, stem diameters, and tree heights from these 3D point clouds. This dataset was made publicly accessible to test new software routines for the automatic measurement of forest trees using laser scanner data. Benchmark studies with performance tests of different algorithms are welcome. The dataset contains co-registered raw 3D point-cloud data collected on 20 forest inventory sample plots in Austria. The data were collected by two different laser scanning systems: (1) A mobile personal laser scanner (PLS) (ZEB Horizon, GeoSLAM Ltd., Nottingham, UK) and (2) a static terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) (Focus3D X330, Faro Technologies Inc., Lake Mary, FL, USA). The data also contain digital terrain models (DTMs), field measurements as reference data (ground-truth), and the output of recent software routines for the automatic tree detection and the automatic stem diameter measurement.
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Shih, Chun-Jen, Kuan-Yu Chu, Yu-Huei Lee, Wei-Chung Chen, Hsin-Yu Luo, and Ke-Horng Chen. "A Power Cloud System (PCS) for High Efficiency and Enhanced Transient Response in SoC." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 28, no. 3 (March 2013): 1320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2012.2207917.
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Tseng, Yuh–Min, Jui-Di Wu, Sen-Shan Huang, and Tung-Tso Tsai. "Leakage-Resilient Outsourced Revocable Certificateless Signature with a Cloud Revocation Server." Information Technology And Control 49, no. 4 (December 19, 2020): 464–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.49.4.25927.
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Certificateless public-key system (CL-PKS) is a significant public-key cryptography and it solves both the key escrow and certificate management problems. Outsourced revocable certificateless public-key system (ORCL-PKS) with a cloud revocation server (CRS) not only provides a revocation mechanism, but also further outsources the revocation functionality to the CRS to reduce the computational burden of the key generation center (KGC). Recently, side-channel attacks have threatened some existing conventional cryptography (including CL-PKS). Indeed, adversaries can apply side-channel attacks to derive fractional constituents of private (or secret) keys to damage the security of these cryptographic protocols (or schemes). To withstand such attacks, leakage-resilient cryptography is an attractive approach. However, little research concerns with leakage-resilient certificateless cryptography. In this paper, the first leakage-resilient outsourced revocable certificateless signature (LR-ORCLS) scheme is presented. The proposed scheme allows adversaries to continually derive fractional constituents of private (or secret) keys and possesses overall unbounded leakage property. In the generic bilinear group (GBG) model, our scheme is shown to be existential unforgeable against adversaries. Finally, the comparisons between the proposed scheme and the previous revocable certificateless signature schemes are provided to demonstrate the merits of the proposed scheme.
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Yang, Jing Bo, Shu Huang, and Pan Jiang. "Research on Distributed Heterogeneous Data Storage Algorithm in Cloud Computing Data Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 624 (August 2014): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.553.
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With the development of cloud computing, data center is also improved. cloud computing data center contains hundreds, even million of servers or PCs. It has many heterogeneous resources. Data center is a key to promise high scalability and resource usage of cloud computing. In addition, replica is introduced into data center, which is an important method to improve availability and performance. In this paper, the research on distributed storage algorithm based on the cloud computing. This algorithm uses the design of system storage level indicators within classification of massive data storage mechanism to solve the allocation problem of data consistency between the data center; and send communication packets between data centers through the cloud computing. The full storage can achieve complete local storage of each data stream, and solve the original data stream unusually large-scale data storage allocation problem.
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Thirumala Rao, B., K. Nandavardhini, K. Navya, and G. Krishna Venkata Sunil. "Improved Virtual Machine Allocation Strategy using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (March 18, 2018): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10985.
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Virtual machine position (VMP) is a critical issue in choosing most appropriate arrangement of physical machines (PMs) for an arrangement of virtual machines (VMs) in distributed computing condition. These days information concentrated applications for handling huge information are being facilitated in the cloud. Since the cloud condition gives virtualized assets to calculation, and information concentrated applications require correspondence between the registering hubs, the situation of Virtual Machines (VMs) and area of information influence the general calculation time. The essential target is to decrease cross system activity and transmission capacity use, by setting required number of VMs and information in Physical Machines (PMs) which are physically nearer. This paper exhibits and assesses by a meta-heuristic calculation in view of Parallel Computing and Optimization (PCO) which select an arrangement of adjoining PMs for setting information and VMs . In the wake of choosing the PMs, the information are duplicated to the capacity gadgets of the PMs and the required number of VMs are begun on the PMs based on their VM allotment limits. Recreation comes about demonstrate that this determination diminishes the whole of separations amongst VMs and henceforth lessens the activity fruition time.
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Gayet, J. F., G. Mioche, L. Bugliaro, A. Protat, A. Minikin, M. Wirth, A. Dörnbrack, et al. "On the observation of unusual high concentration of small chain-like aggregate ice crystals and large ice water contents near the top of a deep convective cloud during the CIRCLE-2 experiment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 8 (August 25, 2011): 23911–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-23911-2011.
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Abstract. During the CIRCLE-2 experiment carried out over Western Europe in May 2007, combined in situ and remote sensing observations allowed to describe microphysical and optical properties near-top of an overshooting convective cloud (11 080 m/−58 °C). The airborne measurements were performed with the DLR Falcon aircraft specially equipped with a unique set of instruments for the extensive in situ cloud measurements of microphysical and optical properties (Polar Nephelometer, FSSP-300, Cloud Particle Imager and PMS 2D-C) and nadir looking remote sensing observations (DLR WALES Lidar). Quasi-simultaneous space observations from MSG/SEVIRI, CALIPSO/CALIOP-WFC-IIR and CloudSat/CPR combined with airborne RASTA radar reflectivity from the French Falcon aircraft flying above the DLR Falcon depict very well convective cells which overshoot by up to 600 m the tropopause level. Unusual high values of the concentration of small ice particles, extinction, ice water content (up to 70 cm−3, 30 km−1 and 0.5 g m−3, respectively) are experienced. This very dense cloud causes a strong attenuation of the WALES and CALIOP lidar returns. The mean effective diameter is of 43 μm and the maximum particle size is about 300 μm. The SEVIRI retrieved parameters confirm the occurrence of small ice crystals at the top of the convective cell. Smooth and featureless phase functions with asymmetry factors of 0.776 indicate fairly uniform optical properties. Due to small ice crystals the power-law relationship between ice water content (IWC) and radar reflectivity appears to be very different from those usually found in cirrus and anvil clouds. For a given equivalent reflectivity factor, IWCs are significantly larger for the overshooting cell than for the cirrus. Assuming the same prevalent microphysical properties over the depth of the overshooting cell, RASTA reflectivity profiles scaled into ice water content show that retrieved IWC up to 1 g m−3 may be observed near the cloud top. Extrapolating the relationship for stronger convective clouds with similar ice particles, IWC up to 5 g m−3 could be experienced with reflectivity factors no larger than about 20 dBZ. This means that for similar situations, indication of rather weak radar echo does not necessarily warn the occurrence of high ice water content carried by small ice crystals. All along the cloud penetration the shape of the ice crystals is dominated by chain-like aggregates of frozen droplets. Our results confirm previous observations that the chains of ice crystals are found in a continental deep convective systems which are known generally to generate intense electric fields causing efficient ice particle aggregation processes. Vigorous updrafts could lift supercooled droplets which are frozen extremely rapidly by homogeneous nucleation near the −37 °C level, producing therefore high concentrations of very small ice particles at upper altitudes. They are sufficient to deplete the water vapour and suppress further nucleation as confirmed by humidity measurements. These observations address scientific issues related to the microphysical properties and structure of deep convective clouds and confirm that particles smaller than 50 μm may control the radiative properties in convective-related clouds. These unusual observations may also provide some possible insights regarding engineering issues related to the failure of jet engines commonly used on commercial aircraft during flights through areas of high ice water content.
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Gayet, J. F., G. Mioche, L. Bugliaro, A. Protat, A. Minikin, M. Wirth, A. Dörnbrack, et al. "On the observation of unusual high concentration of small chain-like aggregate ice crystals and large ice water contents near the top of a deep convective cloud during the CIRCLE-2 experiment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 2 (January 16, 2012): 727–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-727-2012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. During the CIRCLE-2 experiment carried out over Western Europe in May 2007, combined in situ and remote sensing observations allowed to describe microphysical and optical properties near-top of an overshooting convective cloud (11 080 m/−58 °C). The airborne measurements were performed with the DLR Falcon aircraft specially equipped with a unique set of instruments for the extensive in situ cloud measurements of microphysical and optical properties (Polar Nephelometer, FSSP-300, Cloud Particle Imager and PMS 2-D-C) and nadir looking remote sensing observations (DLR WALES Lidar). Quasi-simultaneous space observations from MSG/SEVIRI, CALIPSO/CALIOP-WFC-IIR and CloudSat/CPR combined with airborne RASTA radar reflectivity from the French Falcon aircraft flying above the DLR Falcon depict very well convective cells which overshoot by up to 600 m the tropopause level. Unusual high values of the concentration of small ice particles, extinction, ice water content (up to 70 cm−3, 30 km−1 and 0.5 g m−3, respectively) are experienced. The mean effective diameter and the maximum particle size are 43 μm and about 300 μm, respectively. This very dense cloud causes a strong attenuation of the WALES and CALIOP lidar returns. The SEVIRI retrieved parameters confirm the occurrence of small ice crystals at the top of the convective cell. Smooth and featureless phase functions with asymmetry factors of 0.776 indicate fairly uniform optical properties. Due to small ice crystals the power-law relationship between ice water content (IWC) and radar reflectivity appears to be very different from those usually found in cirrus and anvil clouds. For a given equivalent reflectivity factor, IWCs are significantly larger for the overshooting cell than for the cirrus. Assuming the same prevalent microphysical properties over the depth of the overshooting cell, RASTA reflectivity profiles scaled into ice water content show that retrieved IWC up to 1 g m−3 may be observed near the cloud top. Extrapolating the relationship for stronger convective clouds with similar ice particles, IWC up to 5 g m−3 could be experienced with reflectivity factors no larger than about 20 dBZ. This means that for similar situations, indication of rather weak radar echo does not necessarily warn the occurrence of high ice water content carried by small ice crystals. All along the cloud penetration the shape of the ice crystals is dominated by chain-like aggregates of frozen droplets. Our results confirm previous observations that the chains of ice crystals are found in a continental deep convective systems which are known generally to generate intense electric fields causing efficient ice particle aggregation processes. Vigorous updrafts could lift supercooled droplets which are frozen extremely rapidly by homogeneous nucleation near the −37 °C level, producing therefore high concentrations of very small ice particles at upper altitudes. They are sufficient to deplete the water vapour and suppress further nucleation as confirmed by humidity measurements. These observations address scientific issues related to the microphysical properties and structure of deep convective clouds and confirm that particles smaller than 50 μm may control the radiative properties in convective-related clouds. These unusual observations may also provide some possible insights regarding engineering issues related to the failure of jet engines commonly used on commercial aircraft during flights through areas of high ice water content. However, large uncertainties of the measured and derived parameters limit our observations.
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Ostrowski, S., G. Jóźków, C. Toth, and B. Vander Jagt. "Analysis of Point Cloud Generation from UAS Images." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-1 (November 7, 2014): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-1-45-2014.
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Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) allow for the collection of low altitude aerial images, along with other geospatial information from a variety of companion sensors. The images can then be processed using sophisticated algorithms from the Computer Vision (CV) field, guided by the traditional and established procedures from photogrammetry. Based on highly overlapped images, new software packages which were specifically developed for UAS technology can easily create ground models, such as Point Clouds (PC), Digital Surface Model (DSM), orthoimages, etc. The goal of this study is to compare the performance of three different software packages, focusing on the accuracy of the 3D products they produce. Using a Nikon D800 camera installed on an ocotocopter UAS platform, images were collected during subsequent field tests conducted over the Olentangy River, north from the Ohio State University campus. Two areas around bike bridges on the Olentangy River Trail were selected because of the challenge the packages would have in creating accurate products; matching pixels over the river and dense canopy on the shore presents difficult scenarios to model. Ground Control Points (GCP) were gathered at each site to tie the models to a local coordinate system and help assess the absolute accuracy for each package. In addition, the models were also relatively compared to each other using their PCs.
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Lạc, Chung. "Design of Real-Time Monitoring System for Environmental Engineering based on Cloud Computing." Pollution Engineering 52, no. 3 (October 26, 2020): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pe.v52i3.48.
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Following the biological boundaries variety is significant remembering the ultimate objective to settle on the idea of our condition designing. This paper targets distinguishing and enumerating the adjustments in the natural boundaries. Ecological observing applications dependent on distributed computing utilizes sensors to help in ensuring natural conditions like hotness, air eminence, quake, etc. For example, the PCs can support and give substantially more functionalities to cloud. The noteworthy zones that spread home, enterprises, structures, etc. This is the route toward watching a portion of the element of condition and accordingly giving the highlights to the overseers and customers.
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Nasrul Arahman, Sri Aprilia, and Teuku Maimun. "STUDI SOLIDIFIKASI POLIETERSULFON DALAM PELARUT N-METIL-2-PIRROLIDON DENGAN ADITIV POLYVINYL PYRROLIDONE DAN 2-(METHACRYLOYLOXY) ETHYL PHOSPHORYL CHLOLINE." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v3i3.1630.
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In membrane preparation process via phase inversion method, the morphology of fabricated membranes are determined by composition and concentration of polymer, solvent, and non-solvent. The basic knowledge of the appropriate composition of those components are needed by cloud point experiment. In this work, the study on cloud point experiment have been done to investigate the solidification process of polymer system of polyethersulfone (PES) and 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphoryl chloline (MPC) in N-methyl-2-pirrolidon (NMP) via phase inversion technique. Hydrofilik polymer MPC were used as a membrane modifying agent (MMA) in order to modify the surface property of fabricated membrane. In sum, addition of PVP and MPC into polymer solution brought about reducing amount of non-solvent necessary to obtain the cloud point of solution.
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Cui, Yu, Shunfu Jin, Wuyi Yue, and Yutaka Takahashi. "Performance Optimization of Cloud Data Centers with a Dynamic Energy-Efficient Resource Management Scheme." Complexity 2021 (February 12, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6646881.
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As an advanced network calculation mode, cloud computing is becoming more and more popular. However, with the proliferation of large data centers hosting cloud applications, the growth of energy consumption has been explosive. Surveys show that a remarkable part of the large energy consumed in data center results from over-provisioning of the network resource to meet requests during peak demand times. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem by constructing a dynamic energy-efficient resource management scheme. As a way of saving energy as well as maintaining cloud user’s quality of experience, the scheme presents a multitier cloud architecture by configuring physical machines (PMs) into two pools: a hot (running) pool and a warm (turned on, but in dynamic sleep) pool. Each PM is configured with a resource search engine (RSE) that finds an available virtual machine (VM) for the request, and a synchronous sleep mechanism is introduced to the warm pool. To analyze the end-to-end performance of the cloud system’s service with the proposed scheme, we establish a hybrid queueing system composed of three stochastic submodels by using a matrix-geometric solution. Accordingly, the average latency of requests and the energy-saving rate of the system are derived. Through numerical results, we show the influence of the synchronous sleep mechanism on the system performance. Moreover, from the perspective of economics, we build a system cost function to study the trade-off between different performance measures. An improved Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) is presented to minimize the system cost and optimize the sleep parameter.
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Li, WeiLing, Yongbo Wang, Yuandou Wang, YunNi Xia, Xin Luo, and Quanwang Wu. "An Energy-Aware and Under-SLA-Constraints VM Consolidation Strategy Based on the Optimal Matching Method." International Journal of Web Services Research 14, no. 4 (October 2017): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwsr.2017100104.
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Growing demand of computational power brings increasing scale and complexity of cloud datacenters. However, such increase also generates growing energy consumption and related cost incurred for cooling and maintenance. With concerns of cost and energy saving by both industry and academy, the reduction of energy consumption of cloud datacenters becomes a hotspot issue. Recently, virtual-machine-consolidation-based strategies are proposed as promising methods for reduction of cloud energy consumption. Virtual machine (VM) consolidation effectively increases the resource utilization rate. However, it remains a great challenge how to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the quality of service (QoS) at a satisfactory level. In this work, a comprehensive framework is presented for the above-mentioned problem, which aims at maximizing the number of physical machines (PMs) to be turned off within a consolidation period following the constraints of QoS, in terms of Service-Level-Agreement (SLA) violation rate. In comparison with most existing related works which consider invariant utilization rate of PMs in computing energy reduction of candidate migration plans, propose framework considers time-varying utilization rate and employs the number of PMs to be turned off within a consolidation period (NPTCP for simple) as the optimization objective. The proposed framework consists of a resource selection algorithm taking the predicted migration overhead (derived by the Pareto distribution) as inputs and another algorithm generating optimal matching plans based on preference scores of candidate VMs. For the model validation purpose, a case study is conducted on the CloudSim simulation platform and it shows that the proposed method achieves better energy reduction and less SLA violation.
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Yener, Hande Ece, Georg Hillrichs, and René Androsch. "Phase behavior of solvent-rich compositions of the polymer/drug system poly(butylene succinate) and N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET)." Colloid and Polymer Science 299, no. 5 (January 19, 2021): 873–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-021-04810-z.
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AbstractPoly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is used to produce micro-/nanoporous biodegradable scaffolds, suitable for the release of the mosquito repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), based on thermally induced phase separation. For solvent-rich compositions up to 30 m% PBS, it was found that PBS dissolves in DEET at elevated temperatures. During cooling, spherulitic crystallization of PBS occurs, with the crystallization temperature decreasing with the content of DEET and the cooling rate, as determined by cloud-point measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and polarized-light optical microscopy. Scaffold morphologies of quenched solutions were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy as a function of the polymer concentration and the quenching temperature. These two parameters control the nucleus density/spherulite size, the degree of intermeshing of spherulites, and the intra- and interspherulitic pore size, with the latter typically being of the order of magnitude of few micrometers.
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Al-Hajri, Salim, Abdelghani Echchabi, Abdullah Mohammed Ayedh, and Mohammed Mispah Said Omar. "The cloud computing systems’ adoption in the higher education sector in Oman in light of the COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21671.
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<p><span>The objective of the research was to find out the key factors that influence the acceptance and usage of cloud computing systems in the Omani higher education sector, with special emphasis on the COVID-19 outbreak. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach was conducted where 200 students from several Omani higher education institutions were surveyed, and by using Partial Least Square (PLS) to analysis the collected data. The findings revealed that the intention to use cloud computing in this context is significantly dependent on its perceived ease of use, usefulness, perceived reliability and responsiveness. It is noteworthy that this is one of the early studies that address the subject of cloud computing usage during times of crises, and specifically the COVID-19 outbreak. As such, it provides significant contributions in the area of technology adoption.</span></p>
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Zhang, Kai. "Application of Desktop Computing Technology Based on Cloud Computing." International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 14, no. 2 (July 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitsa.2021070101.
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With the development of internet technology and computer technology, in order to solve the big data problem in the new era, cloud computing has emerged at the historic moment. Desktop virtualization, as an important application of cloud computing, has experienced unprecedented development. Although traditional virtual desktop solutions can solve the problem of PCs, they cannot be used for centralized distributed cluster deployment, and they mostly rely on the underlying virtualization technology. The dynamic management of virtual machines is mainly to take into account the goals of QoS, resource utilization balance, and power under the premise of ensuring the user experience, the maximum guarantee of the balance of host resource utilization, and the reduction of power consumption of the entire system. The results show that by deploying a test desktop virtualization system, this article reduces the power consumption of host resources, reduces the SLA violation rate (improves the user experience), and improves the balance of host resource utilization.
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Takekawa, S., T. Oka, and M. Sekido. "Flux monitoring observations of Sgr A* at 8 GHz and 2 GHz with the NICT Kashima–Koganei VLBI System." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S303 (October 2013): 330–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314000878.
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AbstractWe have been conducting flux monitoring observations of Sgr A* at 8 GHz and 2 GHz using the NICT Kashima-Koganei VLBI system (109 km baseline) since mid-February 2013. The primary objective of the monitoring is a search for flux variation which is expected to be caused by the interaction between the G2 cloud and the accretion disk. Until 2013 September 22, we observed Sgr A* for 39 days, five hours on each day. Four quasars (NRAO 530, PKS 1622–253, PKS 1622–297, PKS 1921–293) were also observed as flux calibrators every 6 minutes. No significant change nor variation has been detected in the 8 GHz flux density of Sgr A*. The 8 GHz flux density was 0.81 ± 0.07 Jy (preliminary), while no significant 2 GHz emission was detected by our system. We will continue monitoring as often as possible until at least 2014 May.
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Liu, Sen, Yang Yang, Wen Guang Qu, and Yuan Liu. "The business value of cloud computing: the partnering agility perspective." Industrial Management & Data Systems 116, no. 6 (July 11, 2016): 1160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-09-2015-0376.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the value creation potential of cloud computing in inter-firm partnerships. It examines how cloud-based IT infrastructure capabilities in flexibility and integration contribute to partnering agility and, consequently, firm performance. This study also introduces business lifecycle and market turbulence as internal and external context variables, respectively, to investigate the different roles of cloud computing in value creation. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was used to collect data from 184 client firms of the largest cloud computing services provider in China (Alibaba Cloud). The theoretical model was tested using PLS analysis. Findings – Cloud infrastructure (CI) flexibility has a positive effect on partnering agility, while the effect of CI integration on partnering agility is moderated by business lifecycle and market turbulence. Research limitations/implications – The surveyed firms are all Alibaba Cloud clients, which may limit the generalization of the findings. Practical implications – The study suggests that besides the cost benefits, the value creation aspect of cloud computing should also be emphasized in research and practice. The study provides a new perspective to understand the business value of cloud computing in inter-firm partnerships. Originality/value – The study suggests that the flexibility-related and integration-related features of cloud computing can create value for firms by facilitating inter-firm collaboration in exploiting business opportunities.
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Young, Richard E., and Tobias Owen. "Jupiter After the Galileo Probe." Highlights of Astronomy 13 (2005): 887–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600017408.
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The Galileo Mission to Jupiter, which arrived in December of 1995, provided the first study by an orbiter, and the first in-situ sampling via an entry probe, of an outer planet atmosphere. The rationale for an entry probe is that, even from an orbiter, remote sensing of the Jovian atmosphere could not adequately retrieve the information desired. This talk provides a current summary of the most significant aspects of the data returned from the Galileo entry probe. As a result of the probe measurements, there has been a reassessment of our understanding of outer planet formation and evolution of the solar system. The primary scientific objective of the Galileo probe was to determine the composition of the Jovian atmosphere, which from remote sensing remained either very uncertain, or completely unknown, with respect to several key elements. For example, the O abundance, in the form H2O, was uncertain by two orders of magnitude. Only a highly depleted upper abundance limit obtained near the 1 bar pressure level was known for S, and abundances of noble gases heavier than He were unknown. The probe found that the global He mass fraction is significantly above the value reported from the Voyager Jupiter flybys but is slightly below the protosolar value, implying that there has been some settling of He to the deep Jovian interior. The probe He measurements have also led to a reevaluation of the Voyager He mass fraction for Saturn, which is now determined to be much closer to that of Jupiter. The elements C, N, S, Ar, Kr, Xe were all found to have global abundances approximately 3 times their respective solar abundances. This result has raised a number of fundamental issues with regard to properties of planetesimals and the solar nebula at the time of giant planet formation. The global abundance of O was not obtained by the probe because of the influence of local processes at the probe entry site (PES), processes which depleted condensible species, in this case H2O, well below condensation levels. Other condensible species, namely NH3 and H2S, were similarly affected but attained their deep equilibrium mixing ratios before the maximum depth sampled by the probe. Processes that might be capable of producing such effects on the condensibles are still under investigation. Measured isotopic ratios of noble gases and other heavy elements are solar, and (D + 3He)/H is the same to within measurement uncertainties as in the local interstellar medium. No thick clouds were detected, and in particular no significant water cloud, but the PES location clearly affected the probe measurements of clouds. In fact, the probe data must be understood in the context of the location of the PES, which was within what is termed a 5 μm hot spot, a local clearing in the clouds that is bright near the 5 μm spectral region. The thermal structure at the PES was determined from approximately 1000 km above the 1 bar pressure level (10−9 bars) to 132 km below 1 bar (22 bars). Probe measurements showed the atmosphere to be generally stably stratified as deep as the probe made measurements, with a typical static stability of ~0.1 K km−1 at and below visible cloud levels. In the upper atmosphere the probe derived a maximum positive vertical temperature gradient of approximately 5 K km−1, and maximum temperature of ~900 K. The energy sources producing the warm upper atmosphere have yet to be completely identified. At first glance, Doppler tracking of the probe indicates that the long observed cloud level zonal winds extend to levels at least as deep as the probe made measurements. Zonal wind increases from ~80 m s−1 at pressures less than a bar to about 180 m s−1 near 5 bars, and remains approximately constant with depth thereafter. However, there is a question as to whether the winds measured from probe tracking are representative of the general wind field, or are considerably influenced by localized winds associated with the PES.
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Marécal, V., M. Pirre, G. Krysztofiak, P. D. Hamer, and B. Josse. "What do we learn about bromoform transport and chemistry in deep convection from fine scale modelling?" Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 14 (July 16, 2012): 6073–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6073-2012.
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Abstract. Bromoform is one of the most abundant halogenated Very Short-Lived Substances (VSLS) that possibly contributes, when degradated, to the inorganic halogen loading in the stratosphere. In this paper we present a detailed modelling study of the transport and the photochemical degradation of bromoform and its product gases (PGs) in a tropical convective cloud. The aim was to explore the transport and chemistry of bromoform under idealised conditions at the cloud scale. We used a 3-D cloud-resolving model coupled with a chemistry model including gaseous and aqueous chemistry. In particular, our model features explicit partitioning of the PGs between the gas phase and the aqueous phase based on newly calculated Henry's law coefficients using theoretical methods. We ran idealised simulations for up to 10 days that were initialised using a tropical radiosounding of atmospheric conditions and using outputs from a global chemistry-transport model for chemical species. Two simulations were run with stable atmospheric conditions with a bromoform initial mixing ratio of 40 pptv (part per trillion by volume) and 1.6 pptv up to 1 km altitude. The first simulation corresponds to high bromoform mixing ratios that are representative of real values found near strong localised sources (e.g. tropical coastal margins) and the second to the global tropical mean mixing ratio from observations. Both of these simulations show that the sum of bromoform and its PGs significantly decreases with time because of dry deposition, and that PGs are mainly in the form of HBr after 2 days of simulation. Two further simulations are conducted; these are similar to the first two simulations but include perturbations of temperature and moisture leading to the development of a convective cloud reaching the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). Results of these simulations show an efficient vertical transport of the bromoform from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere and the TTL. The bromoform mixing ratio in the TTL is up to 45% of the initial boundary layer mixing ratio. The most abundant organic PGs, which are not very soluble, are also uplifted efficiently in both simulations featuring the convective perturbation. The inorganic PGs are more abundant than the organic PGs, and their mixing ratios in the upper troposphere and in the TTL depend on the partitioning between inorganic soluble and insoluble species in the convective cloud. Important soluble species such as HBr and HOBr are efficiently scavenged by rain. This removal of Bry by rain is reduced by the release of Br2 (relatively insoluble) to the gas phase due to aqueous chemistry processes in the cloud droplets. The formation of Br2 in the aqueous phase and its subsequent release to the gas phase makes a non negligible contribution to the high altitude bromine budget in the case of the large bromoform (40 pptv) initial mixing ratios. In this specific, yet realistic case, this Br2 production process is important for the PG budget in the upper troposphere and in the TTL above convective systems. This process is favoured by acidic conditions in the cloud droplets, i.e. polluted conditions. In the case of low bromoform initial mixing ratios, which are more representative of the mean distribution in the tropics, this Br2 production process is shown to be less important. These conclusions could nevertheless be revisited if the knowledge of chlorine and bromine chemistry in the cloud droplets was improved in the future.
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Sheikh, Afeef. "Utilizing an Augmented Reality System to Address Phantom Limb Syndrome in a Cloud-Based Environment." International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 9, no. 1 (January 2017): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2017010102.
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Phantom Limb Syndrome (PLS) is the perception of sensations, often including chronic intense pain localized to the site of an amputated or denervated limb. This syndrome is relatively common in amputees; the pain often reflects the amount of pre-amputation pain, and is often refractory to excision of amputation neuroma, rubbing, electrical stimulation, peripheral nerve or spinal blocks, narcotics, and sympathectomy (Alviar et al., 2011). Mirror therapy, a present method of rehabilitation, is estimated to be only 60% effective in upper limb amputees while also requiring expensive equipment and monitoring by a caretaker or technician. This paper is aimed at designing an affordable, effective, and accessible alternative solution to address the rehabilitation challenges associated with PLS. Using the power of Augmented Reality (AR) coupled with open source software, such as Unity3D and Vuforia, and commonly used devices like cellphones and computers, the prototype can read muscle activity and create an onscreen image of a virtual hand in place-of the individual's lost hand and can mimic basic hand movements through the use of an AR camera. Due to the limited processing power present within most cellphones, the solution is being refined to capitalize on Cloud computing. In doing so, the hand model can be rendered offsite and streamed directly to the phone, resulting in a higher equality image. The efficacy of this solution has not yet been tested on human subjects by virtue of legal restrictions. This system is currently being forwarded to qualified individuals who have the necessary credentials to perform clinical trials in a certified lab environment.