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Academic literature on the topic 'Clove cigarettes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 26 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Clove cigarettes"

1

Kizer, Kenneth W. "Clove Cigarettes." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 261, no. 18 (1989): 2635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420180059018.

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2

Kizer, K. W. "Clove cigarettes." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 261, no. 18 (1989): 2635b—2635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.261.18.2635b.

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Anggarani, Ni Kadek Nova, D. J. Djoko H.S., and Unggul P. Juswono. "Identification of Free Radical in Main Stream Cigarette Smoke in Cigarette with Clove mix (Kretek) and Cigarette without Clove mix (White)." BULETIN FISIKA 21, no. 2 (2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/bf.2020.v21.i02.p06.

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Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals. Cigarette smoke is a component of Aerosols and free gases that contain large amounts of chemical compounds. Cigarette smoke can be divided into two: main smoke and side smoke. The main smoke of cigarettes inhaled by smokers is known to cause a buildup of harmful substances and causes of oxidative stress so that research is carried out using ESR Leybold Heraeus. The sample used is a smoke sample from two types of cigarettes that are popular in Indonesia. The measurement is done by pulling smoke directly into the measurement tube. Then the resonance pattern is observed and the external magnetic field is calculated and the value of the lande factor is based on frequency and current data. Measurements result showed resonance in both types of cigarettes, at a frequency of 32.4-70.8 MHz and obtained values of lande factors that vary and have a value between 1.9-2.1 with two acquisition values that are outside the range that is 1.8368; and 2.2060. There are differences in the number of resonances that occur for each sample. This difference can be due to differences in the constituent of content and the texture of cigarettes which can affect the results of the combustion process.

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4

Suprihanti, Antik, NFN Harianto, Bonar Marulitua Sinaga, and Reni Kustiari. "Dampak Kebijakan Cukai Rokok terhadap Distribusi Surplus Ekonomi Industri Rokok di Indonesia." Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 37, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jae.v37n1.2019.1-23.

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<strong>English</strong><br />Indonesian government has applied cigarette excise tax policy on clove cigarette which impacts on the rise of cigarette price and cigarette production. Because of tobacco and clove demand are derived demand of cigarette supply, so the change on cigarette production impacts on demand of cigarettes input (tobacco and clove) and it eventually impact on the price of these commodities. The rise of cigarette excise not only impacts on economic surplus of producer and consumer of cigarettes, but also on tobacco and clove farmers. Clove cigarette encompasses hand-rolled clove cigarettes (SKT), machine-rolled clove cigarettes (SKM) and klobot cigarettes (SKB). The aim of this research was to analyze the impact of the rise of cigarette excise tax policy toward economic surplus distribution among the economic agents on Indonesian cigarette industries. This research accomodated the data series of 1990-2016 with simultaneous equation system which consisting of 36 structural equations and 25 identity equations. This model was estimated by using 2 SLS (Two-Staged Least Squares) method. The results showed that cigarette excise tax impacted on the rise of government revenue and total economic surplus negatively. The rise of excise tax impacted on negative surplus of cigarette producer decreased, negative surplus of cigarette consumer increased, and farmer surplus decreased (negative). In order to keep positive economic surplus of the farmer, the rise of SKT cigarette tax maximum should be constituted no more than 5,8%. To anticipate the loss of farmer surplus and the decrease of tobacco and clove demand ini the future, the government can use the tax revenue to develop alternative crops besides tobacco such as vegetables, intensification of tobacco as import subtitution and develop diversification of clove products for essential oil, preservatives and others.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pemerintah Indonesia telah menerapkan kenaikan tarif cukai rokok kretek yang berdampak pada kenaikan harga rokok dan produksi rokok. Oleh karena permintaan tembakau dan cengkeh merupakan permintaan turunan dari penawaran rokok, maka perubahan produksi rokok akan berdampak pada permintaan input (tembakau dan cengkeh) dan berdampak pada harga kedua komoditas tersebut. Kenaikan cukai tidak hanya berdampak pada surplus ekonomi produsen dan konsumen rokok, tetapi juga petani tembakau dan cengkeh. Industri sigaret kretek meliputi sigaret kretek tangan (SKT), sigaret kretek mesin (SKM) dan rokok klobot (SKB). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak kenaikan cukai rokok terhadap distribusi surplus ekonomi di antara pelaku ekonomi pada industri rokok di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data deret waktu tahun 1990-2016 dengan sistem persamaan simultan yang terdiri dari 36 persamaan struktural dan 25 persamaan identitas, yang diestimasi menggunakan metode 2SLS (<em>Two-Staged Least Squares</em>). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tarif cukai rokok akan menambah penerimaan pemerintah namun berdampak negatif terhadap total surplus ekonomi. Kenaikan cukai rokok berdampak pada negatif surplus produsen rokok makin menurun, negatif surplus konsumen rokok makin meningkat dan surplus petani menjadi turun (negatif). Agar surplus ekonomi petani tetap positif, maka kenaikan tarif cukai khususnya SKT ditetapkan tidak lebih dari 5,8%. Pemerintah dapat memanfaatkan sebagian penerimaan cukai rokok untuk melakukan upaya pengembangkan alternatif tanaman lain selain tembakau seperti sayuran, intensifikasi tanaman tembakau subtitusi impor dan melakukan diversifikasi produk cengkeh sebagai minyak esensial, pengawet dan lainnya untuk mengatasi kerugian petani dan mengantisipasi turunnya permintaan tembakau dan cengkeh pada masa depan.

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5

Yadayna, Khofifatul. "Cigarette Rod Sorting System on Conveyors." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 10, no. 1 (2020): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v10i1.160.

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Kretek cigarettes are a type of cigarette that is still in demand today. The manufacturing of kretek cigarettes in factories still has limitations, especially in the process weighing cigarettes per stick. From this problem, a tool is needed to separate cigarettes based on the weight of the cigarette that has been determined per stick. And the results of the cigarette weight sorter can be monitored via the website to reduce errors in the size of the clove cigarette. The method used in this study is to make a cigarette sorting tool using a conveyor with a DC servo motor component as a driving force for the conveyor to be 3 parts by weight, namely parts weigh <1.5 grams, parts weight> 1.5 grams and parts = 1.5. gram. Based on the results of the study, 1 pack of cigarettes where each pack contains 12 cigarettes shows that there are 2 cigarettes <1.5 grams, 7 cigarettes> 1.5 grams and 3 cigarettes corresponding to 1.5 grams. The results of the study indicate that the manufacture of a cigarette sorting system on the conveyor can help the cigarette weighing process to be more precise.

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6

Muhammad Farris Ghondur Siregar. "KASUS DISKRIMINASI ROKOK KRETEK INDONESIA OLEH AMERIKA SERIKAT." Paradigma POLISTAAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/paradigmapolistaat.v6i1.8498.

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Indonesia officially filed an issue on the United States following the declaration of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009, Public Law 111-31. The act forced a prohibition on all clove cigarettes, except menthol cigarettes. Indonesia saw this as discrimination towards their tobacco in the United States cigarette market. As the biggest exporter of clove cigarettes in the United States, Indonesia will experience a considerable loss because of the new act. On June 2010, Indonesia requested the establishment of the Panel in the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organizations (WTO), in the hope of settling the issue with the United States. The goal of this research is to understand how Indonesia might be affected by the policy that is seen as discriminating towards its kretek cigarettes by the United States.

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7

&NA;, &NA;. "CLOVE CIGARETTES: A HAZARDOUS FAD." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 85, no. 9 (1985): 950–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-198509000-00005.

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8

Bailey, William J., and Roland J. Lamarine. "Clove Cigarettes: Problem or Symptom?" Journal of School Health 56, no. 1 (1986): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1986.tb05679.x.

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9

McGrady, Benn. "Panel Report US – Clove Cigarettes." European Journal of Risk Regulation 2, no. 4 (2011): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00001689.

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In September 2011, the World Trade Organization (WTO) panel report in US – Clove Cigarettes was released. The report addressed a complaint brought by Indonesia concerning prohibitions on certain flavored tobacco products implemented by the United States (US). The dispute is one of a number of contemporary disputes under the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement). Given that relatively few disputes have been resolved under the TBT Agreement, the outcome may have significant implications for interpretation of the agreement and risk regulation through technical regulations. The panel report may also have more specific implications for risk regulation in the context of tobacco products (author's headnote).

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Susabda, Gabriel Bin, and Ryan Eleazar. "ENHANCING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF PT. BENTOEL PRIMA." International Journal of Applied Business and International Management 2, no. 3 (2018): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v2i3.24.

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Currently, PT. Bentoel Internasional Investama, Tbk ("Bentoel" or "Company") and its subsidiaries, is a member of the British American Tobacco Group, the world's second largest tobacco group by global market share with trademarks in more than 200 countries. Bentoel is the fourth largest cigarette producer in Indonesia with a market share of 7%. Bentoel manufactures and markets a wide range of tobacco products such as machine clove cigarettes, hand-rolled cigarettes and white cigarettes. Our main portfolio includes Dunhill Filter, Dunhill Mild, Club Mild and Lucky Strike Mild. We also produce and market local brands such as Neo Mild, Tali Jagat, Bintang Buana, Sejati, Star Mild and Uno Mild, as well as global brands such as Lucky Strike and Dunhill. Bentoel employs over 6,000 employees, from starting to build partnerships with tobacco farmers, buying and processing leaf tobacco and cloves, to cigarette production, marketing and distribution.

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Books on the topic "Clove cigarettes"

1

Hanusz, Mark. Kretek: The Culture and Heritage of Indonesia's Clove Cigarettes. Equinox Publishing, 2000.

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Kretek: The culture and heritage of Indonesia's clove cigarettes. Equinox Pub., 2000.

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Kretek: The Culture and Heritage of Indonesia's Clove Cigarettes. Equinox Publishing, 2003.

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4

Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024.

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Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024.

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6

Fuchs, Alan, and Giselle Del Carmen. The Distributional Effects of Tobacco Taxation: The Evidence of White and Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8558.

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7

Au temps béni de la clope au bec. Hors collection, 2014.

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8

AKRO. J'arrête de Fumer: Carnet de Suivi Cigarette , Journal de Bord Pré Rempli Pour Arrêter de Fumer - Cahier Arrêt du Tabac - Stopper l'addiction à la Clope , en Finir Avec les Cigarettes Combattre la dépendance à la Nicotine. Independently Published, 2021.

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9

AKRO. STOP Cigarette Carnet de Suivi à Compléter: Journal de Bord Pré Rempli Pour Arrêter de Fumer - Cahier Arrêt du Tabac - Stopper l'addiction à la Clope , en Finir Avec les Cigarettes Combattre la dépendance à la Nicotine. Independently Published, 2021.

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AKRO. Carnet Anti-Tabac: Suivi Adultes Journal de Bord Pré Rempli Pour Arrêter de Fumer - Cahier Arrêt du Tabac - Stopper l'addiction à la Clope , en Finir Avec les Cigarettes Combattre la dépendance à la Nicotine. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clove cigarettes"

1

Norpoth, Johannes. "The Mutually Agreed Solution Between Indonesia and the United States in US – Clove Cigarettes: A Case of Efficient Breach (or Power Politics)?" In International Economic Law. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44645-5_8.

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Shlomo Agon, Sivan. "Legitimating Behind the Smoke Screen in the Battle Over Clove Cigarettes." In International Adjudication on Trial. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788966.003.0008.

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Recent years have confronted the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement System (DSS) with an intense wave of complex linkage disputes. US-Clove Cigarettes, which stands at the centre of this chapter, serves as the second case study in the investigation into the DSS’s goal-attainment endeavours in this category of WTO disputes. The chapter begins with a review of several jurisprudential milestones leading from the early US-Shrimp, examined in Chapter 5, to the more recent US-Clove Cigarettes, examined here, with a view to portraying the legitimation continuum of which the latter dispute forms a part. The chapter then discusses the intricate legitimacy setting in which US-Clove Cigarettes unfolded and, through a close goal-oriented analysis, shows how the intensified legitimacy concerns aroused shaped the goals pursued by the DSS and the judicial choices made towards their achievement. The chapter concludes by linking the goal-attainment efforts identified to the broader DSS goal-based effectiveness framework advanced in the book.

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3

Welker, Marina. "Kretek Agriculture: Hierarchy and Subjugation." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.b.

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Welker, Marina. "Smoking Kretek: Industry Victims and Commodity Patriots." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.g.

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Welker, Marina. "Introduction." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.a.

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Welker, Marina. "Epilogue." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.h.

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Welker, Marina. "Selling Kretek: Co-opting Independent Retail." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.f.

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8

Welker, Marina. "Hand-Rolling Kretek: Class and Gender Paternalism." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.c.

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9

Welker, Marina. "Machine-Rolling Kretek: Gamification and Individualization." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.d.

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10

Welker, Marina. "Branding Kretek: Influence and Creativity in the Gig Economy." In Kretek Capitalism: Making, Marketing, and Consuming Clove Cigarettes in Indonesia. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.184.e.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clove cigarettes"

1

Suprihanti, Antik, Bonar M. Sinaga, Harianto Harianto, and Reni Kustiari. "The Impact of Clove Import Policy on Clove Market and Cigarette Production in Indonesia." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/fanres-18.2018.55.

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Chapman, Joan M., Andrea Lee, Nina Patel, et al. "Cloves, Fireworks, Cigarettes, And The World Trade Center." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a4618.

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Zdravkovski, Maja, Biljana Kilibarda, Milica Ivanović, Marija Vuković, Ivana Grubor, and Jelena Gudelj-Rakić. "Experience of the tobacco quit line in Serbia." In Proceedings of the International Congress Public Health - Achievements and Challenges. Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/batutphco24190z.

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Background: In Serbia, more than 19,000 people die every year due to tobacco-related illness and despite many health and socioeconomic consequences, prevalence of smoking is still high both among adults and adolescents. Implementation of effective tobacco cessation programs, including quitlines, is among most important tobacco demand reduction measures. To support people who use tobacco, Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut" (IPHS) established free tobacco quit line in June 2022. Methods and Objectives: The aim is to present sociodemographic characteristics, smoking history and motivation to quit, expected benefits and assessed level of nicotine dependence of users of the IPHS tobacco Quitline. We performed descriptive statistics of data obtained from 52 Quitline users collected in the period June 2022 - August 2023. Results: Majority (67%) of 52 tobacco quit line users were female and 33% were male. Quitline users were Serbian residents of all ages (15-82 years old). For most of the quitline users, health related reasons was the main motive for quitting smoking. Smoking councilors support was sought not only by smokers, but also by those who are concerned about the health of close people who smoke. As the main perceived benefit from quitting cigarettes, 77% respondents indicated health, while 9.6% indicated financial gain. According to the results of the Fagerström test, 38% had a high nicotine addiction, 33% had moderated dependence and 12% low nicotine dependence. Conclusions: The experience show that smokers as well as non-smokers from all age groups used Quitline and health was main motivation to quit. Low number of tobacco quit line users call for media campaign and other means of promotion to increase demand for smoking cessation support.

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Folts, J. D. "A MODEL OF ACUTE PLATELET THROMBUS FORMATION IN STENOSED CORONARY AND CAROTID ARTERIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643712.

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There is currently a great deal of interest in the diagnosis and treatment of unstable angina and silent ischemia.Many feel that these syndromes are due, in part, to periodic accumulation of platelet thrombi which subsequently embolize.In addition, anti-piatelet therapy is also considered necessary for patients after coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG'S), balloon angioplasty, and thrombolysis. Currently the two antiplatelet agents most commonly prescribed for the patient conditions mentioned above are aspirin (ASA), alone or in combination with dipyridamole (Dip). ASA reduces cardiac events in patients with unstable angina, and prolongs CABG graft patency. The addition of Dip to ASA therapy is very confusing since most studies done compared ASA + Dip to placebo. In several studies however,when an ASA group was compared to an ASA + Dip group there was no significant difference.We have developed and will describe ananimal model of coronary artery stenosis in the dog and the pig, or carotid arterystenosis in the monkey and the rabbit, with intimal damage, that simulates some ofthe conditions that exist in patients with coronary or carotid artery disease. The artery to be studied is dissected outand blood flow is continuously measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter probe. As acute platelet thrombus formation (APTF) developes in the stenosed lumen, the blood flow declines to low levels, producing ischemia until the thrombus emobolizesdistally resulting in abrupt restoration of blood flow. These cyclical flow reductions (CFR's), when they occur in the coronaries, produce ECG changes identical to those observed in patients with silent ischemia and unstable angina. They also produce significant transient regional dyskinesis of the ventricular wall, which resolves when blood flow is restored. Histologic examination of myocardial tissue in the bed distal to the stenosis shows focal areas of ischemic change presumably caused by the embolized platelet emboli.We have examined factors which exacerbate the size and frequency of these CFR"ssuch as; IV infusion of epinephrine (E) 0.4 μg/kg/min for 15 min, ventilating the animals with cigarette smoke, infusing nicotine IV, or placing chewing tobacco under the tongue.We have examined four groups of agentswhich prevent APTF in our model.1. Antiplatelet agents including ASA, indomethacin, ibuprofen and several other NSAI agentsas well as several experimental thromboxane synthetase inhibitors. These agents all block the production of TXA2and inhibit APTF in our model. Unfortunately the IV infusion of E reinstates APTtemporarily (by another biochemical pathway) until the E is metabolized. High (2-4 mg/kg) doses of Dip, alone or with sub threshold dose of ASA does nothing to I APTF.However,0.6mg/kg of chi orpromaz i ne abolishes APTF in all four species and protects agents renewal of APTF by E.2. Dietary Substances In our model, caffeine 10 mg/kg, or the extract from two garlic cloves, or enough ethanol to achieve a blood alcohol level of 0.07 mg% all significantly inhibit or abolish APTF in our model.3. Metabolic Inhibitors POCA, an oral hypoglycemic agent, which inhibits mitochondrial beta oxidation of fatty acids also inhibits APTF in our model possibly by reducing ATP production in the platelet.4. We have studied a monoclonal antibody(developed by Dr. Barry Coller) to the platelet I Ib�I I la glycoprotein receptor where fibrinogen binds platelets into aggregates and ultimately leads to APTF. This antibody 0.3 mg/kg/completely inhibits APTF, and also strongly inhibits in vitro platelet aggregation in response to either ADP or collagen given alone or each combined with E. This antibody is the most potent inhibitor of APTF that we have studied.

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Reports on the topic "Clove cigarettes"

1

Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn, and Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Roadside Transportation Related Air Quality (STARTRAQ) and Neighborhood Characterization. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2010.

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To promote active transportation modes (such as bike ride and walking), and to create safer communities for easier access to transit, it is essential to provide consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public. The relevant and timely information from data facilitates the improvement of decision-making processes for the establishment of public policy and urban planning for sustainable growth, and for promoting public health in the region. For the characterization of the spatial variation of transportation-emitted air pollution in the Fresno/Clovis neighborhood in California, various species of particulate matters emitted from traffic sources were measured using real-time monitors and GPS loggers at over 100 neighborhood walking routes within 58 census tracts from the previous research, Children’s Health to Air Pollution Study - San Joaquin Valley (CHAPS-SJV). Roadside air pollution data show that PM2.5, black carbon, and PAHs were significantly elevated in the neighborhood walking air samples compared to indoor air or the ambient monitoring station in the Central Fresno area due to the immediate source proximity. The simultaneous parallel measurements in two neighborhoods which are distinctively different areas (High diesel High poverty vs. Low diesel Low poverty) showed that the higher pollution levels were observed when more frequent vehicular activities were occurring around the neighborhoods. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations near the roadways were evident with a high volume of traffic and in regions with more unpaved areas. Neighborhood walking air samples were influenced by immediate roadway traffic conditions, such as encounters with diesel trucks, approaching in close proximity to freeways and/or busy roadways, passing cigarette smokers, and gardening activity. The elevated black carbon concentrations occur near the highway corridors and regions with high diesel traffic and high industry. This project provides consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public including: 1. Transportation-related particle pollution data 2. Spatial analyses of geocoded vehicle emissions 3. Neighborhood characterization for the built environment such as cities, buildings, roads, parks, walkways, etc.

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