Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clubfoot

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Clubfoot'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Clubfoot"

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van Bosse, H. J. P. "Challenging clubfeet: the arthrogrypotic clubfoot and the complex clubfoot." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 13, no. 3 (2019): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.13.190072.

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Within the realm of clubfoot deformities, teratologic and complex (or atypical) clubfeet stand out as the most difficult. Exemplarities of the teratologic types of clubfoot are those associated with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Treatment of arthrogrypotic clubfoot deformities has been controversial; many different procedures have been advocated, with variable success rates. These clubfeet have a high recurrence rate, regardless of treatment type. Often, the high recurrence rate has led to a high repeat surgery rate, and poor outcomes. Treatment strategies should highlight care that avoids the development of a stiffened foot and allows for a variety of options to regain correction when a relapse occurs. Modifications of the Ponseti method for idiopathic clubfeet have been successful in managing the deformity. The equinocavus variant of the arthrogrypotic clubfoot should be distinguished from the classic clubfoot, as it requires a different treatment method. The equinocavus clubfoot is very similar to the complex or atypical clubfoot. The complex, or atypical, clubfoot also requires a different treatment strategy compared with the typical idiopathic congenital clubfoot. The complex clubfoot appears to be idiopathic in some cases and iatrogenic (due to slipping stretching casts) in others. Dr. Ponseti’s modification of his protocol has been effective in treating the deformity. The high recurrence rate suggests the difficulty in maintaining the deformity after correction. The author’s preferred treatment for each deformity is included, with an emphasis on minimally invasive methods. Level of Evidence Level V, expert opinion
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Omarov, Gamzat Gadzhievich, Nikolai Yurievich Rumyantsev, and Igor Yurievich Kruglov. "300 neonatal clubfeet evaluated at birth: statistical analysis." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 3, no. 1 (2015): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors3127-31.

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Aim - to study the initial parameters of clubfeetbefore treatment, to analyze clubfoot population.— Materials and methods. The research includes196 neonates with a total of 300 clubfeet. All feetwere initially evaluated during the first day of life.Patients with myelomeningocele, arthrogr yposisand other syndromes were not included. The initialclubfoot severity was evaluated according to Piraniand Dimeglio scales. Patients with Dimeglio I and IItypes of clubfeet were excluded from the study. Thefollowing criteria were analyzed: gender, unilateralor bilateral involvement, family history and prenatalclubfoot visualization.— Results and conclusions. Female/male ratio was1 : 2,16. Unilateral/bilateral clubfoot ratio was 1 : 1,13.Left side/right side ratio in unilateral clubfoot groupwas 1 : 1,79. Family history was positive in 24 of196 patients (12,2 %). Clubfoot was prenatally detected in 98 patients (50 %). Most of clubfeet had Dimeglio III type (88 %) and only 12 % were Dimeglio IV. In bilateral cases the right foot was more severely affected than the left one in 64 % of the patients. 48 clubfeet in 34 patients were evaluated at birth and on 7th day of life provided no treatment was performed. The deformity increased significantly in 100 % of cases. Clubfoot was more often observed among boys. In cases of unilateral clubfoot it is the right foot that is involved more often than the left one. Most patients do not have any family history of clubfoot. The most severe clubfoot type (Dimeglio IV) was found much more rarely than Dimeglio III. The clubfoot severity progressed significantly in all the affected feet during the first week of life.
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Esbjörnsson, Anna-Clara, Arne Johansson, Hanneke Andriesse, and Henrik Wallander. "Epidemiology of clubfoot in Sweden from 2016 to 2019: A national register study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0260336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260336.

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Background This study aimed to estimate the birth prevalence of children born with isolated or non-isolated clubfoot in Sweden using a national clubfoot register. Secondarily we aimed to describe the clubfoot population with respect to sex, laterality, severity of deformity, comorbidity and geographic location. Methods A national register, the Swedish Pediatric Orthopedic Quality register, was used to extract data on newborn children with clubfoot. To calculate the birth prevalence of children with isolated or non-isolated clubfoot between 1st of January 2016 and 31st of December 2019, we used official reports of the total number of Swedish live births from the Swedish Board of Statistics. The Pirani score and predefined signs of atypical clubfoot were used to classify clubfoot severity at birth. Results In total 612 children with clubfoot were identified. Of these, 564 were children with isolated clubfoot, generating a birth prevalence of 1.24/1000 live births (95% confidence interval 1.15–1.35). About 8% were children with non-isolated clubfoot, increasing the birth prevalence to 1.35/1000 live births (95% confidence interval 1.25–1.46). Of the children with isolated clubfoot, 74% were boys and 47% had bilateral involvement. The children with non-isolated clubfoot had more severe foot deformities at birth and a greater proportion of clubfeet with atypical signs compared with children with isolated clubfoot. Conclusion We have established the birth prevalence of children born with isolated or non-isolated clubfoot in Sweden based on data from a national register. Moreover, we have estimated the number of children born with atypical clubfeet in instances of both isolated and non-isolated clubfoot. These numbers may serve as a baseline for expected birth prevalence when planning clubfoot treatment and when evaluating time trends of children born with clubfoot.
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Johansson, Arne, Henrik Wallander, and Anna-Clara Esbjörnsson. "Initial clubfoot treatment in Sweden from 2016 to 2019: A national register study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0305900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305900.

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Background This study aimed to describe the initial treatment of clubfoot deformity in Sweden using a national cohort. Secondarily we aimed to analyse the results of the initial treatment in relation to foot severity and additional diseases. Methods A national register, the Swedish Pediatric Orthopedic Quality Register, was used to extract data on children born with clubfoot in 2016–2019. Children with a registered evaluation after initial treatment were included. Data on deformity severity (Pirani score), casting treatment, and achillotenotomy were extracted. For children with bilateral clubfeet, one foot was included in the analysis. Results A total of 565 children were included in the analysis. Of these, 73% were boys and 47% had bilateral clubfeet. Children with isolated clubfoot required a median of six casts to correct the deformity, while children with non-isolated clubfoot needed a median of eight casts. Seventy-seven percent underwent an achillotenotomy. Residual deformities of 0.5 or above (often soft-tissue issues) according to the Pirani score were noted in 23% (isolated clubfoot) and 61% (non-isolated clubfoot) after initial treatment. Conclusions We have described the initial clubfoot treatment of children born with isolated or non-isolated clubfoot in Sweden based on data from a national register. The initial treatment was performed to a large extent according to the Ponseti method and international recommendations. Moreover, we discuss the usefulness of the Pirani score in classifying clubfoot deformity after treatment.
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Veliky, Jacob, Aedan Hanna, Julia Nguyen, et al. "Using Motion-Capture to Establish the Efficacy of Surgical vs Non-Surgical Treatment of Clubfoot via Gait Analysis: A Systematic Review." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (2022): 2473011421S0098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00988.

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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Hindfoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: Clubfoot is a common disorder among newborns which impedes the patient's ability to walk normally if left untreated. There exists a debate on the most effective way to treat clubfoot; surgical methods, such as the posteromedial release and percutaneous achilles tenotomy, are preferred by some surgeons, while non-operative methods, including the Ponseti and French methods, are favored by others. One technique that has recently gained traction in the assessment of clubfoot treatment is gait analysis, which uses motion-capture technology to record several parameters of movement in patients with clubfoot to assess their function compared to healthy controls. In this study, we aim to analyze existing literature on motion- capture data to compare ankle power and walking speed in clubfoot patients who were treated operatively and non-operatively. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted of PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane publications to identify all available literature on clubfoot. Using PRISMA guidelines and a string of MeSH terms, all available articles on clubfoot were identified. The literature was then screened so that only articles containing more than three human subjects on pediatric patients with detailed gait analysis outcomes were selected. Initially, 26 papers on gait analysis were included, from which nine were excluded due to repeated papers and those on patients with secondary clubfoot. From the remaining papers, 11 had relevant outcome measures which were extracted including patient number, age, ankle power, and walking speed. All steps of screening were screened so that two authors independently verified that each paper met criteria for inclusion. Results: Initial search revealed 6469 articles. After review, 11 remained. Average age of surgical patients was 8.35, and the average age was 5.5 for non-surgical patients. In surgically treated clubfeet, the average ankle power was 1.591 W/kg (stdev = 0.702W/kg). In non-surgically treated clubfeet, the average ankle power was 2.334 W/kg (stdev = 0.792W/kg). Analysis via t-test revealed no significant difference between ankle power in surgically treated and non-surgically treated clubfeet (p = .125). When assessing walking speed, the average among surgically treated clubfeet was 0.721m/s (stdev = 0.136m/s), whereas in non- operatively treated clubfeet, the average was 0.99m/s (stdev = 0.212m/s). This difference was not statistically significant (t-test, p=0.072). Conclusion: This systematic review of motion-capture data revealed that there is no significant difference in ankle power or walking speed between surgically treated and non-surgically treated clubfeet. This may have been affected by the age difference between the cohorts. The need for further research in this area is evident due to the low volume of material on gait analysis despite the detailed metrics provided by this method.
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Duran, Bianca Oana, and Marius Ionut Ungureanu. "Romanian patients’ access to clubfoot treatment services." Journal of Medicine and Life 15, no. 2 (2022): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25122/jml-2021-0334.

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The number of clubfoot new cases in Romania is on the rise. According to orthopedic research, the Ponseti method is the elective treatment for clubfeet. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current facilitators and barriers in accessing clubfoot treatment services in Romania and to assess the impact of care-related factors on patients’ well-being. Our research shows that nationally, few orthopedic surgeons are using the Ponseti method and most of them are concentrated only in Cluj-Napoca. Moreover, gynecologists, neonatologists, and family physicians were not informed about the initial diagnosis and the current treatment of clubfoot. Primary medical care was significantly postponed in some cases. Moreover, no clubfoot organizations were mentioned by the parents included in the study, and psychological support was provided neither for the parents nor for the children. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that more efforts need to be done for the diagnosis and treatment of children with clubfeet. These include actions which are focused on raising awareness around this abnormality and more well-developed treatment guidelines.
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Ahmad, Shafiq, Shakeel Ahmed, Mahreen Zahra, Amir Hanif, Bilal Hussain, and Muhammad Kashif. "Management of Spina Bifida Related Non Idiopathic Club-Foot with Ponseti's Method." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (2022): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22165278.

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Objective: To determine the outcome of Ponseti’s method among children with spina bifida related non-idiopathic clubfoot at a leading pediatric tertiary care children hospital of South Punjab, Pakistan. Study Design: A retrospective cohort. Place and Duration of the Study:Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan Pakistan from 1st January 2016 to 31st March 2022. Material and Methods: A total of 24 children (41 feet)of both genders aged up to 3 months presenting with non-idiopathic clubfoot related to spina bifida who underwent Ponseti’s method for treatment of clubfoot, with a minimum post-treatment follow up of 3 years were included. Demographic data, severity of clubfoot disease along outcomes in terms of successful correction, unsuccessful correction, relapse were noted during the study period. Results: In a total of 24 children, 15 (62.5%) were boys. Overall, mean age was calculated to be 2.6±2.2 weeks while 14 (58.3%) children were aged between 0-2 weeks. Bilateral feet were involved in 17 (70.8%) children while unilateral feet involvement was noted in 7 (29.2%) cases so total number of feet were 41. Out of these 41 feet, 38 (92.7%) had severity of clubfoot as per Pirani Score as 6. Number of casts performed were 8 or below in 39 (95.1%). Mean duration of follow up was 3.8±0.6 years. Correction of clubfoot was achieved in 36/41 (87.8%) feet. During the follow-ups, recurrence occurred in 11 (26.8%) feet. Conclusion:Initial clubfeet correction in the spina bifida cases achieved good correction rates. Rate of recurrence was considerably high with a minimum follow up period of 3 years among spina bifida associated clubfeet. Keywords: Achilles tendon, clubfoot, Pensoti’s method, spina bifida.
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Grin, Lianne, Lisa van Oorschot, Benedicte Vanwanseele, et al. "Kinematic Gait Impairments in Children with Clubfeet Treated by the Ponseti Method: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Children 10, no. 5 (2023): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10050785.

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Background: Being aware of possible gait impairments in Ponseti-treated clubfoot children might be useful for optimizing initial and additional treatment. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify kinematic gait abnormalities in children with clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method (with and without relapse). Methods: A systematic search was conducted. Studies comparing kinematic gait parameters of Ponseti-treated clubfoot children to healthy controls were included. Meta-analyses and qualitative analyses were conducted on the extracted data. Results: Twenty studies were identified. Twelve of the 153 reported kinematic outcome measures could be included in the meta-analysis. Plantarflexion at push-off, maximum ankle dorsiflexion during the swing, maximal plantarflexion, and ankle range of motion was significantly lower in Ponseti-treated clubfoot children. Ponseti-treated clubfoot children showed more internal foot progression. Qualitative analysis revealed 51 parameters in which pre-treatment relapse clubfeet deviated from healthy controls. Conclusions: Ponseti-treated clubfoot children showed several kinematic gait differences from healthy controls. In future studies, homogeneity in measured variables and study population and implementation of multi-segmental foot models will aid in comparing studies and understanding clubfoot complexity and treatment outcomes. The question remains as to what functional problems gait impairments lead to and whether additional treatment could address these problems.
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Butt, Maryum Naseer, Wajida Perveen, Carmen-Iulia Ciongradi, et al. "Outcomes of the Ponseti Technique in Different Types of Clubfoot—A Single Center Retrospective Analysis." Children 10, no. 8 (2023): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10081340.

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Background: Clubfoot is a congenital deformity that can affect one or both of a newborn’s lower extremities. The main objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the outcomes of the Ponseti method for the management of different types of clubfoot. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 151 children with 253 clubfeet (idiopathic untreated, idiopathic recurrent, and syndromic) with at least one year of follow-up was conducted in four months after ethical approval. Data were collected with a structured proforma after the consent of the parents. An independent sample t-test was applied to show the comparison between the groups, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 151 patients, 76% were male and 24% were female. Out of a total of 235 feet, 96 (63%) were idiopathic untreated, 40 (26.5%) were idiopathic recurrent, and 15 (9.5%) were syndromic clubfoot. The average number of casts was higher in syndromic clubfoot (9 casts per foot). There was no significant difference in the baseline Pirani score of the three groups (p-value > 0.05); but after one year of follow-up, there was a significant difference in the Pirani score of idiopathic and syndromic clubfoot (p-value ≤ 0.05) and between recurrent clubfoot and syndromic clubfoot (p-value = 0.01). Conclusions: The aetiology of syndromic clubfoot affects the outcomes of the Ponseti method and leads to relapse. In idiopathic (untreated and recurrent) clubfoot, the Ponseti method does not produce a significant difference in outcome. Poor brace compliance and a lack of tenotomy lead to orthotic (ankle foot orthosis AFO and foot orthosis FO) use in the day time and the recurrence of clubfoot deformity in these three types of clubfoot.
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Xie, Michael, Jason Young, and Collin May. "Availability and readability of online patient information on clubfoot: assessment of paediatric hospital clubfoot web pages." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 15, no. 3 (2021): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.15.210013.

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Purpose To determine the availability and readability of online patient information (OPI) provided by paediatric hospitals in the United States using clubfoot as a model condition Methods The websites of the top 95 paediatric hospitals identified using US News & World Report were included. The names of paediatric hospitals and the terms “clubfoot”, “clubfeet” and “talipes equinovarus” were entered into the Google search engine. Readability was assessed using five validated metrics and the composite grade level (CGL). The number of unpaid monthly visits was calculated with the Ahrefs Organic Traffic Score (OTS) tool. Data for paediatric hospitals were compared with the same metrics for the top ten Google search results. Results Of 95 paediatric hospitals, 29 (30.5%) did not have at least one web page dedicated to clubfoot. The 128 web pages representing 66 paediatric hospitals had an average CGL of 9.4, representing a readability level requiring some high school education. The mean OTS for all paediatric hospitals was 116 estimated visits per month, which was significantly less than that for the top ten Google clubfoot search results (3035.1; p < 0.0001). Conclusion Paediatric hospital web pages on clubfoot were visited much less frequently than those from the top ten Google search results. Only two web pages (1.6%) from paediatric hospitals offered OPI on clubfoot that met the American Medical Association recommended reading level (sixth-grade level). Paediatric hospitals should create OPI on clubfoot with appropriate readability and accessibility for patient families. Level of Evidence N/A
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clubfoot"

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De, Hoedt Amanda Marie. "Clubfoot Image Classification." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4836.

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Clubfoot is a congenital foot disorder that, left untreated, can limit a person's mobility by making it difficult and painful to walk. Although inexpensive and reliable treatment exists, clubfoot often goes untreated in the developing world, where 80% of cases occur. Many nonprofit and non-governmental organizations are partnering with hospitals and clinics in the developing world to provide treatment for patients with clubfoot, and to train medical personnel in the use of these treatment methods. As a component of these partnerships, clinics and hospitals are collecting patient records. Some of this patient information, such as photographs, requires expert quality assessment. Such assessment may occur at a later date by a staff member in the hospital, or it may occur in a completely different location through the web interface. Photographs capture the state of a patient at a specific point in time. If a photograph is not taken correctly, and as a result, has no clinical utility, the photograph cannot be recreated because that moment in time has passed. These observations have motivated the desire to perform real-time classification of clubfoot images as they are being captured in a possibly remote and challenging environment. In the short term, successful classification could provide immediate feedback to those taking patient photos, helping to ensure that the image is of good quality and the foot is oriented correctly at the time of image capture. In the long term, this classification could be the basis for automated image analysis that could reduce the workload of a busy staff, and enable broader provision of treatment.
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Davies, Theresa Claire. "Lower extremity biomechanics of children with clubfoot." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ47996.pdf.

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Valatkienė, Dovilė. "Kineziterapijos efektyvumas gydant įgimtą šleivapėdystę ikioperaciniu laikotarpiu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060509_203907-34256.

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THE EFFICIENCY OF KINEZITHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF THE CLUBFOOT TILL THE SURGICAL PERIOD. SUMMARY Clubfoot – is one of the common congenital deformation of skeleton-muscular system, wich requires active treatment. It is one of the most frequent reasons for phisical incapability. The incidence of clubfoot is approximately 1-2 cases per 1000 live births in the world, and 2 cases per 1000 – in Lithuania. 80 % of those cases are diagnosed in less economically developed countries. The problem is relevant because investigators present different outcomes of treatment. We couldn’t find any articles about kinezitherapy treating this deformation. The aim of the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of kinezitherapy in the treatment of clubfoot till the surgical period. In order to achieve this object the following tasks were set: To compare the function of the foot before and after kinezitherapy correction. To identify parients opinions about the changes of the function of the foot. To identify medical opinion about the changes of the function of the foot till the surgical period. Investigation included 8 children with clubfoot deformity before eight months of age. The function of foot was evaluated by thr method of goniometry. Also, the qualitive research was done by the method of phenomenography. In the qualitive research 3 parients of children and one doctor were included. After analysis done by mathematical statistics method the folowing conclution was done: After kinezitherapy... [to full text]
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Kingau, Naomi Wanjiru. "Perceptions regarding medical management of clubfoot in Kenya." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4510.

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Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)<br>Clubfoot is one of the congenital and structural conditions that lead to physical impairment in children globally. Service providers have different perceptions on the various methods of management of clubfoot. This has led to adoption of various approaches of management of clubfoot. Although there is a wide range of experiences of parents/caregivers of children with clubfoot regarding medical management of this condition, there is no documented data on these experiences. The study therefore aimed at exploring the perceptions regarding the medical management of clubfoot in Kenya. The objectives of this study were to explore the service providers and parents/caregivers perceptions on the use of the different methods of medical management of clubfoot; explore the process followed before and after the commencement of management from the service providers and parents/caregivers when using surgical and conservative methods of management as well as exploring the barriers and enabling factors that the service providers experience during the management of clubfoot. Methodology: This study was conducted at talipes clinic of Mbagathi District Hospital, Kenyatta National Hospital and Kijabe Mission Hospital in Kenya. The study utilized a qualitative design and purposive convenient sampling was utilized to recruit participants. Twenty participants were recruited; the sample consisted of ten parents/caregivers of children with clubfoot and ten service providers. Semi-structured interview and probes were used for data collection, interviews were audiotaped and a research assistant took notes, data was collected until saturation. Data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed by thematic-content analysis. The results indicated that most of the service providers perceived Ponseti method as the most effective method of clubfoot management with early intervention. Surgery was found to be the second most utilized method which was indicated for complex and neglected clubfoot. The factors that affected service providers in clubfoot management included: Shortage of trained staff in Ponseti management, missed diagnosis at birth; poor referral system and poor compliance with treatment appointments. The factors that affected parents/caregivers compliance with the treatment regime included: (i) unaffordable transport expenses; (ii) long distance; (iii) little or no social/family support; culture/tradition and stigmatization while compliance was facilitated by (i) good communication between the parents/caregivers and the clinician; (ii) availability of free services (iii) social/ family support. Conclusion: The current study concluded that medical management of clubfoot was a success while majority of parents/caregivers agreed that they were faced with several challenges as fore mentioned which affected the outcome. Recommendation: the study therefore recommends the need to empower the community and service provider with knowledge on clubfoot and its management. There is also need for decentralisation of services and increase the number of health care givers in health facilities who are trained in clubfoot management. Finally physiotherapy academic institutions need to put emphasis on teaching clubfoot management in order to produce effective service providers.
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Kilby, Elizabeth Louise. "Normal and abnormal mechanisms of chick hindlimb development." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166649.

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Clubfoot is a developmental defect of the lower limb that affects as many as 1 in 500 births across Scotland (Miedzybrodzka., 2003). How the clubfoot defect arises during embryonic development is not known, although a number of tissue abnormalities have been postulated to be the primary abnormality in the development of the clubfoot defect. A chick model of clubfoot was created to investigate the developmental basis of clubfoot. Using a method modified from previous work carried out by Germiller and co-workers (1998), clubfoot was induced in the chick embryo using the pharmacological agent decamethonium bromide. The defect was confirmed to be clubfoot by comparing the features observed in the chick hindlimb with characteristic features observed in human clubfoot. By analysing the development of the hindlimb muscle, nerves, skeleton, tendons and vasculature the primary defect was found to be a loss of muscle in the hindlimb resulting from both an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in muscle differentiation. This resulted in a loss of muscle-nerve branches, which were found to regress in the absence of muscle, and tendons which were either missing or abnormally positioned. The vasculature in the clubfoot limb appeared grossly normal. A number of environmental causes of clubfoot cause a compression of the developing embryo, for example a reduction in the volume of amniotic fluid surrounding the embryo, physically compresses and immobilises the embryo. To investigate this, the amniotic fluid was removed from around chick embryos and was found to cause clubfoot. The primary abnormality was found to be a loss of muscle in the hindlimb. Thus, it has been demonstrated that clubfoot, induced both pharmacologically and physically, results primarily from a loss of muscle in the hindlimb. During embryonic development, the hindlimbs are required to rotate. It was found that this process was disrupted in chick clubfoot providing evidence for the long-standing theory (Bohm., 1929) that disrupted hindlimb rotation may underlie clubfoot. It is suggested from the data in this study, that a loss of hindlimb muscle disrupts the process of rotation and thus the feet remain unrotated, resulting in clubfoot.
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Wallander, Henrik M. "Congenital clubfoot aspects on epidemiology, residual deformity and patient reported outcome /." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106366.

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Parkinson, Leesa Catherine. "Genetic characterisation of the mouse mutant 'gammy' : a putative model of clubfoot." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498585.

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Smythe, T. H. "Evidence to improve clubfoot services in Africa, with Zimbabwe as a case study." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2018. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4649940/.

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Background: Clubfoot is one of the most common congenital musculoskeletal birth defects. Untreated it leads to physical impairment and deformity, resulting in loss of mobility and function. The cause in most cases is unknown. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment functional impairment from clubfoot is avoidable. A minimally invasive technique as described in the Ponseti method is recommended for the treatment of the clubfoot deformity. In some resource-constrained settings, this treatment is being provided by nonspecialised health workers, 'clubfoot therapists', trained to treat children with clubfoot. This PhD thesis seeks to provide evidence to improve services for children with clubfoot in Africa using data from Zimbabwe as a case study. Methods: Two systematic reviews were undertaken; first to investigate the birth prevalence of clubfoot in low-and middle-income countries, and second to determine and evaluate how results of clubfoot management in sub-Saharan Africa are reported. A Delphi process with 35 experts (Ponseti technique trainers) from across Africa was used to determine (a) the criteria to assess clubfoot treatment and (b) to identify the indicators to evaluate the functionality of clubfoot clinics. In a retrospective case series of 218 children with idiopathic clubfoot in Harare, Zimbabwe, the results of corrective treatment and the factors that affect outcome were analysed. Using the results of the first Delphi exercise, a tool (the Assessing Clubfoot Treatment (ACT) score) was developed for clubfoot therapists to assess the results of Ponseti treatment in children of walking age in low resource settings. The tool was evaluated prospectively using the cohort from Harare, and also compared with other existing assessment methods. Tracey H. Smythe PhD Thesis Page | 4 From the second Delphi study - to obtain a consensus definition on indicators to assess the functionality of a clubfoot clinic in Africa - a questionnaire was developed (Functionality Assessment clubfoot Clinic Tool, FACT) and piloted in a cross-sectional study of service provision in 12 clubfoot clinics in Zimbabwe. A prospective mixed methods (both quantitative and qualitative) evaluation was used to assess the feasibility of a training programme (delivered through the Africa Clubfoot Training project from 2015 - 2017) for clubfoot therapists in Africa. Results: There is similarity of pooled estimates of birth prevalence of clubfoot in Africa, Eastern Mediterranean region, India and South East Asia (between 1.11 (95%CI 0.96 - 1.26)/1,000 live births and 1.21 (95%CI 0.73 -1.68)/1,000 live births). Of 22 studies that report results of the Ponseti method in sub-Saharan Africa only 14 (64%) described a primary outcome. Clinical assessment was the most commonly reported outcome measure and the Pirani score was the most frequent tool used to assess clubfoot severity. Results were predominantly reported though case series. The case series from Parirenyatwa Hospital demonstrated that the Ponseti method was successful in the majority (85%) of feet (defined as a Pirani score of 1 or less) up to completion of the corrective phase, with a relatively low loss to follow-up (8.9%). The ACT score, which was developed as a result of the first Delphi exercise, included one simple clinical assessment and three parent reported outcomes. In the children who were followed up (n=68) in the cohort from Harare, 72% (49/68) achieved an acceptable outcome (defined as an ACT score of 9 or more). The 'success' of treatment defined by five different assessment tools varied between 56% and 93% in the cohort. Using the FACT score, developed from the second Delphi exercise, the most common needs identified in the 12 clubfoot clinics in Zimbabwe were (a) a Tracey H. Smythe PhD Thesis Page | 5 standard treatment protocol, (b) a process for surgical referrals, and (c) a process to monitor drop out of patients. Fifty-one regional trainers from 18 countries in Africa were trained over the two years of the Africa Clubfoot Training project. These regional trainers delivered the basic and advanced course to 113 participants in 3 countries (Ethiopia, Rwanda and Kenya). The mean participant confidence and the mean participant knowledge both increased substantially following the training. Participants expressed high acceptability of the training, which they attributed to its clear purpose and guidance, and the interpersonal interaction with the trainers. Conclusion: Clubfoot services can be improved in Zimbabwe and probably the wider Africa region. It requires a health system-oriented approach. The evidence presented indicates that children with clubfoot can be effectively treated by trained clubfoot therapists (using the Ponseti method). To enable this there is a need to ensure that clubfoot clinics are appropriately equipped and clubfoot therapists are appropriately trained. Two tools have been developed to assist clubfoot therapists monitor their results (ACT score) and to enable programme managers to monitor the national clubfoot service provision (FACT). Studies to refine and test the ACT and FACT scores in other settings in Africa are required.
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Neves, Carlos Eduardo Sousa. "The aetiology and genetics of clubfoot in the peroneal muscular atrophy mouse model." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202783.

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The present study is focused on understanding the aetiology of the human clubfoot deformity. Although this pathology has been studied since Classical Antiquity, the mechanisms that lead to this abnormality in new-born patients remain elusive. Clubfoot is a deformity of one or both feet present at birth, in which the foot is abnormally positioned in a hand-like position, that is, the foot is turned and rotated inwards while pointing down; and is resistant to any further movements. Very little is known about the aetiology and genetics of clubfoot in the human population. Only recently, mutations in the PITX1 gene have been associated with a small number of patients. Because the genetic basis is not understood and the phenotypic observations are complex and variable in human patients, many mechanisms have been proposed to explain clubfoot. In this study, these pressing questions were addressed using the peroneal muscular atrophy (pma) mouse, a spontaneous mutant that has been shown to be a surprisingly good model for clubfoot, recapitulating the key features of the human phenotype. In order to confirm that the pma mouse is in fact an idiopathic model of clubfoot, it was important to understand if the pma clubfoot-like phenotype occurs in isolation or within a syndromic pathology. In addition to clubfoot, it was found that these animals show a retinal degeneration phenotype. However, this phenotype was associated with the Pde6brd1 mutation, suggesting that clubfoot occurs independently of the retinal phenotype and thus the pma is a good model for human idiopathic clubfoot. Clubfoot in the pma mouse has been associated with the observed failure of the foot rotation during embryonic development. This defect is thought to result from the extensive regional muscular atrophy that occurs at earlier stages. The peroneal nerve is also absent in the adult pma mouse, a defect that has remained unexplored. As such, this neuronal defect was studied to understand the reason for the peroneal nerve absence in the adult animals. The results indicate that the nerve fails to branch from the developing sciatic nerve during embryogenesis and is unable to innervate its target muscles. This abnormal branching process is associated with a neural growth delay. In respect to the genetics of the pma, it was not possible to identify the exact mutation that is responsible for the inheritance of the clubfoot phenotype. However, strong evidence was found in favour of a regulatory mutation resulting in over-expression of the gene Limk1, which encodes for a kinase involved in neuronal guidance and growth. Further work was performed on chicken embryos to understand the foot rotation process. By removing defined regions of muscle tissue from the developing limb zeugopod, it was possible to conclude that lack of function of the anterior and lateral hindlimb tissue is associated with abnormal foot rotation, resulting in a similar phenotype to clubfoot. By examining the affected muscles, it was possible to identify the tibialis cranialis and the peroneus longus muscles as relevant candidates involved in clubfoot aetiology. In summary, the evidence presented here suggests that the pma clubfoot results from a regulatory mutation that induces Limk1 over-expression and nerve growth delay. This in turn prevents the proper development of the peroneal nerve, resulting in the degeneration of its target muscle tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles. This degeneration will interfere with foot rotation and result in clubfoot. Thus, the results described by this work are of utmost importance for the understanding of the clubfoot pathology, as it supports a neuro-muscular aetiology dependent on a physical dynamic equilibrium of muscular forces. This is of scientific interest as it expands the current understanding of the foot rotation and the integrative interactions during the limb organogenesis; poorly described developmental processes, and of clinical relevance as it establishes important ideas and concepts for study in human patients.
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DiMeo, Andrew John Lalush David Scott. "A biomodeling investigation of bracing on clubfoot children treated by the method of Ponseti." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2856.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 4, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biomedical Engineering." Discipline: Biomedical Engineering; Department/School: Medicine.
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Books on the topic "Clubfoot"

1

Mittal, R. L. Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107.

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Simons, George W., ed. The Clubfoot. Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9269-9.

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Dobbs, Matthew B., Ashok N. Johari, and Mitzi L. Williams, eds. Clubfoot and Vertical Talus. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34788-7.

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Ponseti, I. V. Congenital clubfoot: Fundamentals of treatment. Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Miller, Betsy. The parents' guide to clubfoot. Hunter House, 2012.

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Hingston, William H. Certain forms of club foot. s.n., 1985.

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1937-, Simons George W., ed. The Clubfoot: The present and a view of the the future. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Lisa, Weatherford M., ed. Podiatry sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about foot conditions, diseases, and injuries, including bunions, corns, calluses, athlete's foot, plantar warts, hammertoes and clawtoes, clubfoot, heel pain, gout, and more; along with facts about foot care, disease prevention, foot safety, choosing a foot care specialist, a glossary of terms, and resource listings for additional information. Omnigraphics, 2001.

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L, Alexander Ivy, ed. Podiatry sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about disorders, diseases, deformities, and injuries that affect the foot and ankle, including sprains, corns, calluses, bunions, plantar warts, plantar fasciitis, neuromas, clubfoot, flat feet, achilles tendonitis, and much more; along with information about selecting a foot care specialist, foot fitness, shoes and socks, diagnostic tests and corrective procedures, financial assistance for corrective devices, a glossary of related terms, and a directory of resources for additional help and information. 2nd ed. Omnigraphics, 2007.

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Mittal, R. L. Clubfoot. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clubfoot"

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Oestreich, Alan E. "Clubfoot." In How to Measure Angles from Foot Radiographs. Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4055-4_6.

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Chen, Harold. "Clubfoot." In Atlas of Genetic Diagnosis and Counseling. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6430-3_46-2.

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Sepúlveda Arriagada, Dalia, and Nicolas Valdivia Rojo. "Clubfoot." In Foot and Ankle Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95738-4_7.

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Peters, Nils, Martin Dichgans, Sankar Surendran, et al. "Clubfoot." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_3372.

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Chen, Harold. "Clubfoot." In Atlas of Genetic Diagnosis and Counseling. Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2401-1_46.

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Mittal, R. L. "Introduction." In Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107-1.

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Mittal, R. L. "Epidemiology of clubfoot." In Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107-2.

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Mittal, R. L. "Review of literature." In Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107-3.

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Mittal, R. L. "Pathoanatomy of congenital clubfoot." In Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107-4.

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Mittal, R. L. "Extreme clubfoot deformities and their management." In Clubfoot. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315112107-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clubfoot"

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Rizza, Robert, Xue-Cheng Liu, John Thometz, Roger Lyon, Channing Tassone, and Scott Van Valin. "Validation of Finite Element Models for Plantar Pressure in an Orthotic for Clubfoot." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19111.

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Ponseti’s method, which implements a series of castings, has become popular in the treatment of clubfoot. Although this non-surgical procedure has found wide clinical use and there are significant improvement of clubfoot deformities and foot function, residual clubfoot deformities with a range of 11% to 47% still occur [1].
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Kuhl, Spencer, Thomas M. Cook, Jose Morcuende, and Nicole Grosland. "Clubfoot Kickbar: Development of an Improved Brace for Use Following Correction of Clubfoot." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9043.

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Abstract The critical final phase of treatment for congenital talipes equinovarus, commonly referred to as clubfoot, using the Ponseti Method requires parents to use a brace in order to maintain the correct foot posture for 12–14 hours each night until four years of age. Parents have been vocal about a desire to allow their children some mobility while maintaining correct alignment for the treatment of this deformity. To that end, the University of Iowa’s medical device prototyping facility Protostudios utilizes 3D CAD design, rapid prototyping principles and state of the art 3D printers to quickly iterate upon the concept of a reciprocating brace that allows for the prescribed posture of abduction and dorsiflexion in a corrected clubfoot while allowing more mobility and higher degrees of comfort for the child. Each iteration of the design was tested for fitment with the commercially available shoe and platform system developed for the Ponseti Method of Clubfoot correction. Special attention was paid to the attachment and removal process of the brace to ensure that parents of children with the deformity would have no problem employing the brace for the prescribed frequency and duration while preventing the children from removing or destroying the brace or being pinched by its reciprocating action.
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Reddy, T. Akshara, Kawya P, Srija S, and Dhanalakshmi M. "An Alternative Footbrace For Clubfoot Correction." In 2020 IEEE Bangalore Humanitarian Technology Conference (B-HTC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/b-htc50970.2020.9297953.

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Liu, Cong, Lei Wang, Teng Zhang, and Tiexiang Wen. "A New Parameter Set for Clubfoot Classification." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5515911.

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Liu, Cong, Teng Zhang, Guoru Zhao, Tiexiang Wen, and Lei Wang. "Clubfoot Pattern Recognition towards Personalized Insole Design." In 2010 International Conference on Body Sensor Networks (BSN). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2010.13.

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Ganesan, Balasankar, Joanne Yip, Ameersing Luximon, Mohamed-Amine Choukou, and Adel Al-Jumaily. "Kinect-based 3D assessment for clubfoot deformity." In AH '20: 11th Augmented Human International Conference. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3396339.3396343.

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Jain, Raksha, Tanmay Varade, Gaurang Shete, and Narendra Bhagat. "Ponseti Corrector: Facilitating Cure for Clubfoot Disorder." In 2021 International Conference on Communication information and Computing Technology (ICCICT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccict50803.2021.9510173.

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Forrester, Lynn Ann, Rachel J. Shakked, Wallace B. Lehman, Norman Y. Otsuka, and Alice Chu. "Perfusion Is Not Measurably Decreased in Idiopathic Clubfoot." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.639.

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"Supporting Registration and Treatment of Clubfoot using Mobile Devices." In The First International Workshop on Mobilizing Health Information to Support Healthcare-related Knowledge Work. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001813700320041.

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Cohen, T. L., H. Altiok, S. Tarima, P. A. Smith, and G. F. Harris. "Creep evaluation of (orthotic) cast materials during simulated clubfoot correction." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346683.

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Reports on the topic "Clubfoot"

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Pinto, Leonardo, Nayara Tincani, Gabriel Couto Filho, and Victor Vilela. Congenital deformities of the lower limbs and clubfoot: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.7.0072.

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