Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clumping

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Clumping'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Clumping"

1

Dove, Alan W. "Clumping lysosomes." Journal of Cell Biology 154, no. 1 (July 9, 2001): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.1541iti6.

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Maroso, Mattia. "Unraveling protein clumping." Science 369, no. 6508 (September 3, 2020): 1203.17–1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.369.6508.1203-q.

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Biernaskie, Jay M., and Stuart A. West. "Cooperation, clumping and the evolution of multicellularity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1813 (August 22, 2015): 20151075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1075.

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The evolution of multicellular organisms represents one of the major evolutionary transitions in the history of life. A potential advantage of forming multicellular clumps is that it provides an efficiency benefit to pre-existing cooperation, such as the production of extracellular ‘public goods’. However, this is complicated by the fact that cooperation could jointly evolve with clumping, and clumping could have multiple consequences for the evolution of cooperation. We model the evolution of clumping and a cooperative public good, showing that (i) when considered separately, both clumping and public goods production gradually increase with increasing genetic relatedness; (ii) in contrast, when the traits evolve jointly, a small increase in relatedness can lead to a major shift in evolutionary outcome—from a non-clumping state with low public goods production to a cooperative clumping state with high values of both traits; (iii) high relatedness makes it easier to get to the cooperative clumping state and (iv) clumping can be inhibited when it increases the number of cells that the benefits of cooperation must be shared with, but promoted when it increases relatedness between those cells. Overall, our results suggest that public goods sharing can facilitate the formation of well-integrated cooperative clumps as a first step in the evolution of multicellularity.
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Rubio-Díez, M. M., F. Najarro, J. O. Sundqvist, A. Traficante, J. Puls, L. Calzoletti, A. Herrero, D. Figer, and J. Martin-Pintado. "Herschel/PACS: Constraining clumping in the intermediate wind region of OB stars." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S307 (June 2014): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314006565.

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AbstractAt present, it is well established that previously accepted mass-loss rates (Ṁ) of luminous OB stars may be overestimated when clumping is neglected. Our Herschel/PACS Far-Infrared (Far-IR) observations of a set of OB stars allow us to improve our knowledge of clumping stratification, constraining clumping properties in intermediate wind regions. In this work, better sampled clumping structure estimates are provided for ι Ori, ε Ori and ξ Per as well as an initial estimate of the clumping properties of the wind from τ Sco. These observations will allow us to obtain reliable mass-loss rates and improve our understanding of the wind physics.
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Bianco, Michele, Ilian T. Iliev, Kyungjin Ahn, Sambit K. Giri, Yi Mao, Hyunbae Park, and Paul R. Shapiro. "The impact of inhomogeneous subgrid clumping on cosmic reionization – II. Modelling stochasticity." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 2443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab787.

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ABSTRACT Small-scale density fluctuations can significantly affect reionization, but are typically modelled quite crudely. Unresolved fluctuations in numerical simulations and analytical calculations are included using a gas clumping factor, typically assumed to be independent of the local environment. In Paper I, we presented an improved, local density-dependent model for the sub-grid gas clumping. Here, we extend this using an empirical stochastic model based on the results from high-resolution numerical simulations which fully resolve all relevant fluctuations. Our model reproduces well both the mean density-clumping relation and its scatter. We applied our stochastic model, along with the mean clumping one and the Paper I deterministic model, to create large-volume realizations of the clumping field, and used these in radiative transfer simulations of cosmic reionization. Our results show that the simplistic mean clumping model delays reionization compared to local density-dependent models, despite producing fewer recombinations overall. This is due to the very different spatial distribution of clumping, resulting in much higher photoionization rates in the latter cases. The mean clumping model produces smaller H ii regions throughout most of reionization, but those percolate faster at late times. It also causes a significant delay in the 21-cm fluctuations peak and yields lower non-Gaussianity and many fewer bright pixels in the PDF distribution. The stochastic density-dependent model shows relatively minor differences from the deterministic one, mostly concentrated around overlap, where it significantly suppresses the 21-cm fluctuations, and at the bright tail of the 21-cm PDFs, where it produces noticeably more bright pixels.
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Mao, Yi, Jun Koda, Paul R. Shapiro, Ilian T. Iliev, Garrelt Mellema, Hyunbae Park, Kyungjin Ahn, and Michele Bianco. "The impact of inhomogeneous subgrid clumping on cosmic reionization." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 1600–1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2986.

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ABSTRACT Cosmic reionization was driven by the imbalance between early sources and sinks of ionizing radiation, both of which were dominated by small-scale structure and are thus usually treated in cosmological reionization simulations by subgrid modelling. The recombination rate of intergalactic hydrogen is customarily boosted by a subgrid clumping factor, 〈n2〉/〈n〉2, which corrects for unresolved fluctuations in gas density n on scales below the grid-spacing of coarse-grained simulations. We investigate in detail the impact of this inhomogeneous subgrid clumping on reionization and its observables, as follows: (1) Previous attempts generally underestimated the clumping factor because of insufficient mass resolution. We perform a high-resolution N-body simulation that resolves haloes down to the pre-reionization Jeans mass to derive the time-dependent, spatially varying local clumping factor and a fitting formula for its correlation with local overdensity. (2) We then perform a large-scale N-body and radiative transfer simulation that accounts for this inhomogeneous subgrid clumping by applying this clumping factor-overdensity correlation. Boosting recombination significantly slows the expansion of ionized regions, which delays completion of reionization and suppresses 21 cm power spectra on large scales in the later stages of reionization. (3) We also consider a simplified prescription in which the globally averaged, time-evolving clumping factor from the same high-resolution N-body simulation is applied uniformly to all cells in the reionization simulation, instead. Observables computed with this model agree fairly well with those from the inhomogeneous clumping model, e.g. predicting 21 cm power spectra to within 20 per cent error, suggesting it may be a useful approximation.
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Haim, M., A. Trost, C. J. Maier, G. Achatz, S. Feichtner, H. Hintner, J. W. Bauer, and K. önder. "Cytokeratin 8 interacts with clumping factor B: a new possible virulence factor target." Microbiology 156, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 3710–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.034413-0.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen of growing clinical significance, owing to its increasing levels of resistance to most antibiotics. Infections range from mild wound infections to severe infections such as endocarditis, osteomyelitis and septic shock. Adherence of S. aureus to human host cells is an important step, leading to colonization and infection. Adherence is mediated by a multiplicity of proteins expressed on the bacterial surface, including clumping factor B. In this study, we aimed to identify new targets of clumping factor B in human keratinocytes by undertaking a genome-wide yeast two-hybrid screen of a human keratinocyte cDNA library. We show that clumping factor B is capable of binding cytokeratin 8 (CK8), a type II cytokeratin. Using a domain-mapping strategy we identified amino acids 437–464 as necessary for this interaction. Recombinantly expressed fragments of both proteins were used in pull-down experiments and confirmed the yeast two-hybrid studies. Analysis with S. aureus strain Newman deficient in clumping factor B showed the clumping factor B-dependence of the interaction with CK8. We postulate that the clumping factor B–CK8 interaction is a novel factor in S. aureus infections.
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Bible, Amber N., Gurusahai K. Khalsa-Moyers, Tanmoy Mukherjee, Calvin S. Green, Priyanka Mishra, Alicia Purcell, Anastasia Aksenova, Gregory B. Hurst, and Gladys Alexandre. "Metabolic Adaptations of Azospirillum brasilense to Oxygen Stress by Cell-to-Cell Clumping and Flocculation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 24 (September 25, 2015): 8346–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02782-15.

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ABSTRACTThe ability of bacteria to monitor their metabolism and adjust their behavior accordingly is critical to maintain competitiveness in the environment. The motile microaerophilic bacteriumAzospirillum brasilensenavigates oxygen gradients by aerotaxis in order to locate low oxygen concentrations that can support metabolism. When cells are exposed to elevated levels of oxygen in their surroundings, motileA. brasilensecells implement an alternative response to aerotaxis and form transient clumps by cell-to-cell interactions. Clumping was suggested to represent a behavior protecting motile cells from transiently elevated levels of aeration. Using the proteomics of wild-type and mutant strains affected in the extent of their clumping abilities, we show that cell-to-cell clumping represents a metabolic scavenging strategy that likely prepares the cells for further metabolic stresses. Analysis of mutants affected in carbon or nitrogen metabolism confirmed this assumption. The metabolic changes experienced as clumping progresses prime cells for flocculation, a morphological and metabolic shift of cells triggered under elevated-aeration conditions and nitrogen limitation. The analysis of various mutants during clumping and flocculation characterized an ordered set of changes in cell envelope properties accompanying the metabolic changes. These data also identify clumping and early flocculation to be behaviors compatible with the expression of nitrogen fixation genes, despite the elevated-aeration conditions. Cell-to-cell clumping may thus license diazotrophy to microaerophilicA. brasilensecells under elevated oxygen conditions and prime them for long-term survival via flocculation if metabolic stress persists.
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Wichelhaus, Thomas A., Sylvia Kern, Volker Schäfer, and Volker Brade. "Rapid Detection of Epidemic Strains of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 3 (1999): 690–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.3.690-693.1999.

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Fifty methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) initial isolates obtained from patients hospitalized in the orthopedic clinic of the Frankfurt University Hospital and 150 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates were investigated in this study to determine whether the Slidex Staph-Kit is capable of differentiating between MRSA and MSSA owing to its unique performance characteristics. The Slidex Staph-Kit is a combined latex hemagglutination test designed to detect clumping factor, protein A, and a specific surface immunogen for S. aureus. Clumping factor-positive strains cause erythrocytes sensitized with fibrinogen to hemagglutinate, thereby resulting in visible red clumps. S. aureus strains deficient in clumping factor agglutinate latex particles sensitized with specific antibodies against surface proteins of S. aureus, thereby resulting in visible white clumps. Our results demonstrate that white clumping has a 99% specificity as well as a 98% positive predictive value for MRSA. Clumping factor-negative MRSA, which have been reported to occur in several countries, are epidemic in the Frankfurt area and account for 80% of all MRSA initial isolates in the orthopedic clinic of the Frankfurt University Hospital. Genotyping of all MRSA isolates by macrorestriction analysis of chromosomal DNA revealed that 83% of clumping factor-negative MRSA are closely related to the “southern-German” epidemic strain. This is the first study demonstrating the Slidex Staph-Kit’s capability for identifying epidemic clumping factor-negative S. aureus strains as methicillin resistant even prior to antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Dessart, L., D. J. Hillier, and K. D. Wilk. "Impact of clumping on core-collapse supernova radiation." Astronomy & Astrophysics 619 (October 30, 2018): A30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833278.

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There is both observational and theoretical evidence that the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are structured. Rather than being smooth and homogeneous, the material is made of over-dense and under-dense regions of distinct composition. Here, we have explored the effect of clumping on the SN radiation during the photospheric phase using 1D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer and an ejecta model arising from a blue-supergiant explosion (yielding a Type II-peculiar SN). Neglecting chemical segregation, we adopted a velocity-dependent volume-filling factor approach that assumes that the clumps are small but does not change the column density along any sightline. We find that clumping boosts the recombination rate in the photospheric layers, leading to a faster recession of the photosphere, an increase in bolometric luminosity, and a reddening of the SN colors through enhanced blanketing. The SN bolometric light curve peaks earlier and transitions faster to the nebular phase. On the rise to maximum, the strongest luminosity contrast between our clumped and smooth models is obtained at the epoch when the photosphere has receded to ejecta layers where the clumping factor is only 0.5 – this clumping factor may be larger in nature. Clumping is seen to have a similar influence in a Type II-Plateau SN model. As we neglected both porosity and chemical segregation, our models underestimate the true impact of clumping. These results warrant further study of the influence of clumping on the observables of other SN types during the photospheric phase.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clumping"

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Bouret, J. C., T. Lanz, D. J. Hillier, and C. Foellmi. "Clumping in O-type Supergiants." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1766/.

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We have analyzed the spectra of seven Galactic O4 supergiants, with the NLTE wind code CMFGEN. For all stars, we have found that clumped wind models match well lines from different species spanning a wavelength range from FUV to optical, and remain consistent with Hα data. We have achieved an excellent match of the P V λλ1118, 1128 resonance doublet and N IV λ1718, as well as He II λ4686 suggesting that our physical description of clumping is adequate. We find very small volume filling factors and that clumping starts deep in the wind, near the sonic point. The most crucial consequence of our analysis is that the mass loss rates of O stars need to be revised downward significantly, by a factor of 3 and more compared to those obtained from smooth-wind models.
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Puls, Joachim, N. Markova, F. Najarro, and M. M. Hanson. "Clumping in O-star winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1768/.

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Gräfener, G. "Clumping in hydrodynamic atmosphere models." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1792/.

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We investigate the effect of wind clumping on the dynamics of Wolf-Rayet winds, by means of the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) hydrodynamic atmosphere models. In the limit of microclumping the radiative acceleration is generally enhanced. We examine the reasons for this effect and show that the resulting wind structure depends critically on the assumed radial dependence of the clumping factor D(r). The observed terminal wind velocities for WR stars imply that D(r) increases to very large values in the outer part of the wind, in agreement with the assumption of detached expanding shells.
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Blomme, R. "Corotating Interaction Regions and clumping." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1810/.

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We present hydrodynamical models for Corotating Interaction Regions, which were used by Lobel (2007) to model the Discrete Absorption Components in HD 64760. We also discuss our failure to model the rotational modulations seen in the same star.
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Runacres, M. C. "Hydrodynamical models of clumping beyond 50 R∗." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1803/.

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We present one-dimensional, time-dependent models of the clumps generated by the linedeshadowing instability. In order to follow the clumps out to distances of more than 1000 R∗, we use an efficient moving-box technique. We show that, within the approximations, the wind can remain clumped well into the formation region of the radio continuum.
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Moffat, Anthony F. J. "Observational overview of clumping in hot stellar winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1763/.

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In the old days (pre ∼1990) hot stellar winds were assumed to be smooth, which made life fairly easy and bothered no one. Then after suspicious behaviour had been revealed, e.g. stochastic temporal variability in broadband polarimetry of single hot stars, it took the emerging CCD technology developed in the preceding decades (∼1970-80’s) to reveal that these winds were far from smooth. It was mainly high-S/N, time-dependent spectroscopy of strong optical recombination emission lines in WR, and also a few OB and other stars with strong hot winds, that indicated all hot stellar winds likely to be pervaded by thousands of multiscale (compressible supersonic turbulent?) structures, whose driver is probably some kind of radiative instability. Quantitative estimates of clumping-independent mass-loss rates came from various fronts, mainly dependent directly on density (e.g. electron-scattering wings of emission lines, UV spectroscopy of weak resonance lines, and binary-star properties including orbital-period changes, electron-scattering, and X-ray fluxes from colliding winds) rather than the more common, easier-to-obtain but clumping-dependent density-squared diagnostics (e.g. free-free emission in the IR/radio and recombination lines, of which the favourite has always been Hα). Many big questions still remain, such as: What do the clumps really look like? Do clumping properties change as one recedes from the mother star? Is clumping universal? Does the relative clumping correction depend on $dot{M}$ itself?
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Urbaneja, M. A., R. P. Kudritzki, and Joachim Puls. "Clumping in the winds of O-type CSPNs." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1780/.

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Recent studies of massive O-type stars present clear evidences of inhomogeneous and clumped winds. O-type (H-rich) central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNs) are in some ways the low mass–low luminosity analogous of those massive stars. In this contribution, we present preliminary results of our on-going multi-wavelength (FUV, UV and optical) study of the winds of Galactic CSPNs. Particular emphasis will be given to the clumping factors derived by means of optical lines (Hα and Heii 4686) and “classic” FUV (and UV) lines.
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Massa, D. L., R. K. Prinja, and A. W. Fullerton. "The effects of clumping on wind line variability." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1809/.

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We review the effects of clumping on the profiles of resonance doublets. By allowing the ratio of the doublet oscillator strenghts to be a free parameter, we demonstrate that doublet profiles contain more information than is normally utilized. In clumped (or porous) winds, this ratio can lies between unity and the ratio of the f-values, and can change as a function of velocity and time, depending on the fraction of the stellar disk that is covered by material moving at a particular velocity at a given moment. Using these insights, we present the results of SEI modeling of a sample of B supergiants, ζ Pup and a time series for a star whose terminal velocity is low enough to make the components of its Si VIλλ1400 independent. These results are interpreted within the framewrok of the Oskinova et al. (2007) model, and demonstrate how the doublet profiles can be used to extract infromation about wind structure.
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Kholtygin, A. F. "Modelling the induced clumping stochastic line profile variability." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1818/.

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We model the line profile variability (lpv) in spectra of clumped stellar atmospheres using the Stochastic Clump Model (SCM) of the winds of early-type stars. In this model the formation of dense inhomogeneities (clumps) in the line driven winds is considered as being a stochastic process. It is supposed that the emission due to clumps mainly contributes to the intensities of emission lines in the stellar spectra. It is shown that in the framework of the SCM it is possible to reproduce both the mean line profiles and a common pattern of the lpv.
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St-Louis, N., and Anthony F. J. Moffat. "Do clumping corrections increase with decreasing mass-loss rates?" Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1769/.

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We report on new mass-loss rate estimates for O stars in six massive binaries using the amplitude of orbital-phase dependent, linear-polarimetric variability caused by electron scattering off free electrons in the winds. Our estimated mass-loss rates for luminous O stars are independent of clumping. They suggest similar clumping corrections as for WR stars and do not support the recently proposed reduction in mass-loss rates of O stars by one or two orders of magnitude.
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Books on the topic "Clumping"

1

Abraytis, Ron. Are you clumping trubs?: A novel. North Augusta, S.C: Writers Block Pub. Co, 1995.

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Abraytis, Ron. Are you clumping trubs?: A novel. North Augusta, S.C: Writers Block Pub. Co., 1995.

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Aldous, D. J. Probability approximations via the Poisson clumping heuristic. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Aldous, David. Probability Approximations via the Poisson Clumping Heuristic. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6283-9.

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Aldous, David. Probability Approximations via the Poisson Clumping Heuristic. Springer New York, 2010.

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Bamboo World: Clumping Bamboos & How to Use Them. Kangaroo Press, 1999.

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Barrie, Marnie Margaret Jean *. A statistical comparison of quantitative methods of assessing muscle cell clumping. 1988.

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Nemeth, M. Barbara. The effects of pollen grain clumping on germination and early pollen tube growth in Clarkia unguiculata (Onagraceae). 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clumping"

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Moffat, Anthony F. J. "Consequences of Clumping in Hot-Star Winds." In Instability and Variability of Hot-Star Winds, 467–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0315-2_39.

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Lépine, Sébastien. "Effects of Wind Clumping on Colliding Winds." In Wolf-Rayet Stars: Binaries, Colliding Winds, Evolution, 411–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0205-6_90.

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Shipman, Russell F. "The Effects of Clumping on Calculated Grain Properties." In The Role of Dust in the Formation of Stars, 272–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68594-4_57.

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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Spacing in two dimensions." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 297–302. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0297.

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Abstract There are many interesting questions in biology that revolve around the spacing of individuals, for example in territoriality, or spatial clumping of genotypes. This chapter gives a very brief demonstration from basics of looking at the randomness of spacing of a sedentary, but not immobile animal, a European sea anemone. It will test for spatial structure using nearest neighbour distances.
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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Spacing in two dimensions." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 297–302. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0025.

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Abstract There are many interesting questions in biology that revolve around the spacing of individuals, for example in territoriality, or spatial clumping of genotypes. This chapter gives a very brief demonstration from basics of looking at the randomness of spacing of a sedentary, but not immobile animal, a European sea anemone. It will test for spatial structure using nearest neighbour distances.
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Frazer, Gordon W., Richard A. Fournier, Sylvain G. Leblanc, and Jean-Michel N. Walter. "View Angle-Dependent Clumping Indices for Indirect LAI Estimation." In Managing Forest Ecosystems, 153–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1098-3_6.

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Krzywicki, Alfred, and Wayne Wobcke. "Exploiting Concept Clumping for Efficient Incremental News Article Categorization." In Advanced Data Mining and Applications, 353–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25853-4_27.

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Krzywicki, Alfred, and Wayne Wobcke. "Exploiting Concept Clumping for Efficient Incremental E-Mail Categorization." In Advanced Data Mining and Applications, 244–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17313-4_25.

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Crosby, Heidi A., Jakub M. Kwiecinski, and Alexander R. Horswill. "In Vitro Assay for Quantifying Clumping of Staphylococcus aureus." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 31–36. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1550-8_5.

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Lépine, Sébastien. "Wavelet Analysis Of Wolf-Rayet Emission Line Variability: Evidence For Clumping." In Instability and Variability of Hot-Star Winds, 371–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0315-2_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clumping"

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Li, Huisong, Francois Berenger, Bor-Yuh Evan Chang, and Xavier Rival. "Semantic-directed clumping of disjunctive abstract states." In POPL '17: The 44th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3009837.3009881.

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Marks, Matthew D., Charles F. Eubanks, and Kos Ishii. "Life-Cycle Clumping of Product Designs for Ownership and Retirement." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0010.

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Abstract This paper describes a design strategy for mechanical systems called clumping and its effect on product value during the ownership and retirement phases of its life-cycle. A “clump” is a collection of components and/or subassemblies that share a physical relationship and some common characteristic based upon user intent. Clumping for product ownership values, i.e. reliability and serviceability, aims to increase component accessibility. Clumping for product retirement issues, i.e. reuse, recycling, and disposal, seeks to form aggregations of components for material compatibility, thus decreasing disassembly cost. This paper gives a detailed description of life-cycle ownership and retirement assessment methods and how they can be adapted into an existing computer-based design aid. A refrigerator in-door ice dispenser serves as an illustrative example.
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Tang, W., Y. Y. Lau, T. Strickler, R. M. Gilgenbach, J. Zier, M. Gomez, C. Garasi, E. Yu, M. Cuneo, and T. A. Mehlhorn. "Azimuthal clumping instabilities in a z-pinch wire array." In The 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 2006. ICOPS 2006. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2006.1707154.

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He, Liming, Jing M. Chen, Jan Pisek, Crystal Schaaf, and Alan H. Strahler. "Global clumping index map derived from modis BRDF products." In IGARSS 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049427.

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Majidi, Carmel, Richard Groff, and Ron Fearing. "Clumping and Packing of Hair Arrays Manufactured by Nanocasting." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62142.

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The gecko’s remarkable dry adhesive system, consisting of arrays of heirarchically structured hairs made from a stiff material, has motivated widespread interest in creating a synthetic dry adhesive whose adhesive properties derive more from its geometry than its bulk material properties. Recently, methods for synthesizing simple hair arrays have been developed. It has been observed that micro and nanosized synthetic hairs often adhere together to form clumps. This paper introduces several models and guidelines for predicting clumping conditions through hair geometry and lattice structure, and presents our methods for casting hair arrays.
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Massa, D., R. K. Prinja, Michael E. Van Steenberg, George Sonneborn, H. Warren Moos, and William P. Blair. "The Effects of Clumping on UV Wind Line Diagnostics." In FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY: A Conference Inspired by the Accomplishments of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Mission. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3154038.

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Li, Shihua, Zuqin Liang, Sen Lin, Adu Gong, and Jianwei Yue. "Estimating clumping index of woody canopy with terrestrial lidar data." In 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8128324.

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Ueno, Yuichiro, Mayuko Nakagawa, Toshiki Katsuta, Riho Aoki, and Naohiro Yoshida. "Equilibrium and Kinetic Fractionation on S-O Clumping of Sulfate." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2647.

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Bao, Yunfei. "Estimation of clumping index and LAI from Terrestrial LiDAR data." In IGARSS 2016 - 2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7729188.

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Calders, K., P. Lewis, M. Disney, J. Verbesselt, J. Armston, and M. Herold. "Effects of clumping on modelling LiDAR waveforms in forest canopies." In IGARSS 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350693.

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Reports on the topic "Clumping"

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Cochran, K. D. The clumping method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6023177.

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Steimke, J. L. Glass Frit Clumping And Dusting. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1097231.

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Manninen, Terhikki, and Pauline Stenberg. Influence of forest floor vegetation on the total forest reflectance and its implications for LAI estimation using vegetation indices. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361379.

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Recently a simple analytic canopy bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) model based on the spectral invariants theory was presented. The model takes into account that the recollision probability in the forest canopy is different for the first scattering than the later ones. Here this model is extended to include the forest floor contribution to the total forest BRF. The effect of the understory vegetation on the total forest BRF as well as on the simple ratio (SR) and the normalized difference (NDVI) vegetation indices is demonstrated for typical cases of boreal forest. The relative contribution of the forest floor to the total BRF was up to 69 % in the red wavelength range and up to 54 % in the NIR wavelength range. Values of SR and NDVI for the forest and the canopy differed within 10 % and 30 % in red and within 1 % and 10 % in the NIR wavelength range. The relative variation of the BRF with the azimuth and view zenith angles was not very sensitive to the forest floor vegetation. Hence, linear correlation of the modelled total BRF and the Ross-thick kernel was strong for dense forests (R2 > 0.9). The agreement between modelled BRF and satellite-based reflectance values was good when measured LAI, clumping index and leaf single scattering albedo values for a boreal forest were used as input to the model.
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