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Nadvi, Khalid Mahmud. "Small firm industrial districts in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336324.
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Li, Hua. "Industrial districts and clusters in China : an analysis of Liushi, Qinghe and Shanghai." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251291.
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Mathews, Martin Victor Curtis. "The sources of trust : an empirical study of trust and suspension in the Arve valley industrial district." Thesis, University of Chester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/326103.
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Strong trust based relationships are one of the pillars of the communitarian model of industrial districts. District literature calls upon trust in order to explain several elements of the model. The existence of trust may explain how a highly fragmented and essentially local value chain reduces transaction costs compared with an integrated firm. It may also allow for closer ties where up to date pertinent information and innovative ideas are transferred between firms. Trusting, long term relationships and district networks are also evoked in the literature as being, in themselves, sources of competitive advantage. Yet despite large sections of district literature calling upon trust to explain the existence and efficiency of industrial districts, few scholars have investigated empirically the sources of trust in local ties. In depth semi-directive interviews with small firm managers in the Arve Valley industrial district near Geneva were analysed in order to examine the context and quality of intra-district relationships (mainly supplier and peers) which were then ompared with extra-district links with clients. The sources of trust are analysed by applying Möllering’s (2006) model of trust based on reason, routine and reflexivity. Findings indicate that managers rely more on a rational calculation of partner’s motives than ‘blind’ adherence to local, historical norms of behaviour. This finding contributes to the view that districts are organizational fields where agents possess large amounts of information about markets, technologies and partners. Managers also demonstrate a willingness to maintain local links over the long term, thus ensuring a crucial element of their firms’ competitive advantage and will adjust their behaviour accordingly. This thesis contributes to district literature by examining detailing the existence and foundations of close intra-district ties created between managers mobilising resources based on cognitive, organisational and geographical proximities. A major contribution to trust literature is the 5 analysis and discussion of the complex interplay between the three antecedents outlined in Möllering’s model in the creation of local trust and proposes that while trust decisions in information rich districts are based more on rational calculation than on local norms and institutions, other trust decisions (with external clients), in the absence of sufficient information are founded on very different bases. This comparison of the foundations of trust in two different contexts highlights the role of identity and routine in the ‘leap of faith’ or suspension of doubt that is trust.
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Wardle, Perry. "Economic and social linkages in a spatial cluster of traditional small manufacturing firms." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324453.
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LEE, BOYOUNG. "METROPOLITAN INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS: A CINCINNATI CASE STUDY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1054822656.
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Sousa, Caroline de. "Clusters industriais : vantagem competitiva e desenvolvimento regional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2770.
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A transformação da tecnologia, tanto na área da informática quanto em telecomunicações, facilitou o acesso a informação, bem como, reduziu os seus custos de acesso. Isso fez com que as redes de relações entre os agentes econômicos adquirissem maior agilidade e alcance geográfico, estreitando a interação ente o local e o global. Desta forma, a organização na busca da inserção no mercado internacional voltou-se para um processo regional, no qual o conceito de cluster passa a ser uma ferramenta hábil para responder distintas indagações. Esses questionamentos surgem desde o ciclo dos negócios e da administração das firmas, até a utilização de recursos como espaço, mão-de-obra, insumos e principalmente da disseminação do conhecimento. Inerte neste novo ambiente criado pelo avanço tecnológico, as aglomerações industriais servem como facilitadoras na criação de inovações que apresentam-se como externalidades positivas, na geração do desenvolvimento econômico regional. Tanto que, chegam a incitar a participação, em determinadas situações, bastante ativa dos governos no intuito de promover e sustentar o industrial clustering. Portanto, o tema central deste trabalho será clusters, e o seu papel determinante na obtenção de vantagens competitivas na indústria e sua relação com o desenvolvimento regional. Dentro deste intuito, também apresenta-se-á, no Capítulo 5, a análise do cluster de calçados do Vale dos Sinos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, através do método estrutural diferencial, com dados fornecidos pela Relação Anual de Informações Sociais – RAIS, no período de 1990 até 2001.
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Espinoza, Benedetti Hugo. "Clusters: Teoría y desarrollo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2003. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108201.
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Seminario para optar al Título de Ingeniero Comercial Mención EconomíaEn la actualidad coexisten distintas definiciones de cluster, las cuales entregan visiones alternativas de cómo abordar el análisis y desarrollo de clusters. Para estas definiciones, distintas teorías explican su surgimiento, pero todas entregan una base común en cuanto a que el mayor determinante de las ventajas generadas por clusters proviene de las relaciones que existan entre los agentes, ya sea una relación dada solo por la ubicación dentro de una zona geográfica, o una relación forjada a través de la interacción repetitiva y una toma de decisiones en conjunto. Los beneficios que se obtienen de una relación industrial tipo cluster provienen de 3 grandes fuentes: Aumentos en productividad, mejoras en su capacidad de innovar y atracción de nuevas empresas al sistema.
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Matushima, Marcos Kazuo [UNESP]. "Especialização produtiva e aglomeração industrial: uma análise da indústria de confecções de Ibitinga - SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104367.
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Este trabalho estuda o desenvolvimento da aglomeração industrial de Ibitinga-SP, a partir do processo de reestruturação produtiva que atinge a indústria brasileira na última década. A origem da indústria de Ibitinga está relacionada a uma combinação de fatores eminentemente endógenos, que possibilitaram o surgimento e a evolução do ramo de confecção, constituindo um cluster industrial. A indústria de confecções local se torna, já nos anos 1970, a principal atividade econômica do município de Ibitinga, e teve como principal característica a produção de artigos de cama, mesa e banho bordados à máquina. A partir da crise dos anos 1980 e do processo de abertura econômica dos anos 1990, a indústria local passa por um processo de reestruturação para se adaptar à nova realidade nacional e mundial, com a ampliação do espectro produtivo, através da introdução de maquinário moderno e novos produtos. Soma-se a isso a importância do conhecimento tácito difundido na aglomeração industrial, o qual assume um papel relevante no processo de estruturação do ramo de confecções como principal atividade industrial em Ibitinga. Concluiu-se que o relativo sucesso no surgimento e na consolidação desta aglomeração industrial está ligado a uma combinação de fatores e processos endógenos, entre eles um bom desempenho articulado das normas, convenções e instituições locais, que procuraram reestruturar a indústria de confecções para mantê-la competitiva, mesmo quando desafiada por determinações oriundas das escalas geográficas nacional e mundial.
This investigation studies the development of industrial agglomeration of Ibitinga-SP, at the beginning of productive restructuration affects the Brazilian industry in the last decade. The origin of Ibitinga industry is related with a combination of factors eminently endogenous, that possibility the appearance and the evolution of field of clothes, constituting an industrial cluster . The local clothes industry become already in the seventies, the main economic activity of Ibitinga municipality , and had as main characteristic the production of bed, table and shower articles embroidery by the sewing machine. The crisis of the eighties and the process of opening of the nineties, the local factory passes a process of restructuration in order to adapt a new reality, with an enlargement of productive spectrum, and the introduction of modern machines and new products. Besides that, the importance of tacit knowledge widespread in the industrial agglomeration, accept an importance in the process of structuration in the field of clothes as main industrial activity in Ibitinga. Reach a conclusion, therefore, the relative success of this industrial agglomeration is related with a combination of factors and process in several levels, by articulation of rules, conventions and local institutions, gave the possibility of the clothes industry restructure and remain competitive, same when challenged by determinations originating from of the national and world geographical scales.
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Almas, Rondinaldo Silva das. "Sobre o conceito de clusters industriais e algumas experiências exitosas." Faculdade de Economia, 2003. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/19448.
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O objetivo principal desta dissertação foi examinar algumas experiências nacionais e internacionais de clusters bem-sucedidos, com intuito de verificar como se organizam os atores locais e quais os mecanismos institucionais e formas de interação que servem de apoio às atividades produtivas e inovativas realizadas em seu interior.
The main objective of this dissertation was to examine some national and international experiences of successful clusters, with the intention of verifying how the local actors are organized and what the institutional mechanisms and interaction forms that work as are support to the productive and innovative activites accomplished in its interior.
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Bettoni, Bruno Pontalti. "A influência da localização em cluster na inovação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/151367.
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Esta pesquisa busca avaliar a influência da localização em cluster no desempenho inovativo das firmas, na estrutura para inovação e nas fontes de inovação acessadas pelas firmas. O trabalho se fundamenta na premissa teórica de que as firmas localizadas em concentrações geográficas de empresas e instituições de um determinado campo conectadas entre si – os clusters – possuem acesso diferenciado a fatores de oportunidade, apropriabilidade e cumulatividade de conhecimento inerentes ao processo de inovação, que podem influenciar positivamente seu desempenho inovativo. A pesquisa possui natureza dedutiva quantitativa e foi estruturada com um modelo de análise discriminante empregando duas populações, sendo a primeira população composta por firmas isoladas geograficamente e outra composta de firmas localizadas em clusters. O processo de análise foi organizado em três etapas: na primeira etapa, avaliou-se uma população de 342 firmas contendo grupos desiguais de firmas em cluster e firmas isoladas, pertencentes a 23 setores de atividade. Na segunda etapa foi empregada uma amostra de 90 firmas pertencentes a cinco setores de atividade, divididas em dois grupos com populações idênticas: um grupo de 45 firmas localizadas em cluster e um grupo de 45 firmas isoladas. Em uma terceira etapa, foram avaliados os seis clusters aos quais pertenciam as firmas analizadas na segunda etapa. Os resultados indicam que a organização em cluster não exerce influência significativa nas três dimensões da inovação analisadas.This research was dedicated to analyze if firms located in clusters show superior innovative performance, access different sources of innovation and possess unique organizational structures to innovate. The project was based on the theoretical assumption that firms located in certain geographical areas which show a concentration of interconnected companies and institutions of the same field – called clusters – can benefit from access to factors of opportunity, appropriability and cumulativeness of knowledge inherent to the innovation process, thus having their innovative performance positively influenced. The analysis has a deductive, quantitative approach and uses multivariate discriminant analysis with a sample of two groups of companies from the same industrial sectors. The process was structured in three stages: the first stage focused on a population of 342 firms from 23 industrial sectors divided in two unequal groups of firms located in clusters and isolated firms. The second stage employed a population of 90 firms from five activity sectors, organized in two groups with balanced populations – one with 45 firms in clusters and with 45 isolated firms. The third and final stage analyzed six regional clusters from which the clustered population used in stage 2 was located. The results showed no significant influence of regional clusters in any of the three dimensions of innovation analyzed.
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Matushima, Marcos Kazuo. "Especialização produtiva e aglomeração industrial : uma análise da indústria de confecções de Ibitinga - SP /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104367.
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Orientador: Sílvia Selingardi-SampaioBanca: Eliseu Savério Sposito
Banca: Maria Carolina de Azevedo Ferreira de Souza
Banca: Sandra Lencioni
Banca: Auro Aparecido Mendes
Resumo: Este trabalho estuda o desenvolvimento da aglomeração industrial de Ibitinga-SP, a partir do processo de reestruturação produtiva que atinge a indústria brasileira na última década. A origem da indústria de Ibitinga está relacionada a uma combinação de fatores eminentemente endógenos, que possibilitaram o surgimento e a evolução do ramo de confecção, constituindo um cluster industrial. A indústria de confecções local se torna, já nos anos 1970, a principal atividade econômica do município de Ibitinga, e teve como principal característica a produção de artigos de cama, mesa e banho bordados à máquina. A partir da crise dos anos 1980 e do processo de abertura econômica dos anos 1990, a indústria local passa por um processo de reestruturação para se adaptar à nova realidade nacional e mundial, com a ampliação do espectro produtivo, através da introdução de maquinário moderno e novos produtos. Soma-se a isso a importância do conhecimento tácito difundido na aglomeração industrial, o qual assume um papel relevante no processo de estruturação do ramo de confecções como principal atividade industrial em Ibitinga. Concluiu-se que o relativo sucesso no surgimento e na consolidação desta aglomeração industrial está ligado a uma combinação de fatores e processos endógenos, entre eles um bom desempenho articulado das normas, convenções e instituições locais, que procuraram reestruturar a indústria de confecções para mantê-la competitiva, mesmo quando desafiada por determinações oriundas das escalas geográficas nacional e mundial.
Abstract: This investigation studies the development of industrial agglomeration of Ibitinga-SP, at the beginning of productive restructuration affects the Brazilian industry in the last decade. The origin of Ibitinga industry is related with a combination of factors eminently endogenous, that possibility the appearance and the evolution of field of clothes, constituting an industrial cluster. The local clothes industry become already in the seventies, the main economic activity of Ibitinga municipality , and had as main characteristic the production of bed, table and shower articles embroidery by the sewing machine. The crisis of the eighties and the process of opening of the nineties, the local factory passes a process of restructuration in order to adapt a new reality, with an enlargement of productive spectrum, and the introduction of modern machines and new products. Besides that, the importance of tacit knowledge widespread in the industrial agglomeration, accept an importance in the process of structuration in the field of clothes as main industrial activity in Ibitinga. Reach a conclusion, therefore, the relative success of this industrial agglomeration is related with a combination of factors and process in several levels, by articulation of rules, conventions and local institutions, gave the possibility of the clothes industry restructure and remain competitive, same when challenged by determinations originating from of the national and world geographical scales.
Doutor
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Tilleman, Suzanne Gladys 1971. "Aligning institutional logics to enhance regional cluster emergence: Evidence from the wind and solar energy industries." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10595.
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xvii, 191 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.For over a century, researchers from diverse intellectual disciplines have tried to explain the emergence of regional business clusters. I contribute to research on cluster emergence by applying an institutional logics framework to model how cluster emergence is influenced by such factors as supportive institutional logics, knowledge spillover, labor pooling, and technological uncertainty. This study is guided by the research question: How do institutions, specifically, varying levels of a congruous institutional logic, affect regional cluster emergence? Using the passage of the 1978 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) as a catalyst for business cluster emergence in the renewable energy sector, this study examines the emergence of wind and solar energy manufacturing clusters. I test hypotheses about the positive influences of a congruous institutional logic across U.S. metropolitan statistical areas to see if the relative prevalence of a congruous institutional logic results in more firms and greater levels of clustering. For example, a pro-environmental sentiment among human populations aligns, or in other words, is congruous, with renewable energy manufacturing. I use fixed effects estimation to test several hypotheses regarding positive direct and moderating effects of institutional alignment on cluster emergence. I find that congruous institutional logics have a positive direct influence on clustering, and as technological uncertainty increases, this positive direct influence is enhanced. I find only partial support for the moderating influence of congruous institutional logics on the positive direct effect of positive externalities on clustering. This study contributes to practice and theory by building a model and supporting hypotheses on the influence of institutional fit on regional cluster emergence.
Committee in charge: Michael Russo, Chairperson, Management; Jennifer Howard-Grenville, Member, Management; Alan Meyer, Member, Management; Glen Waddell, Outside Member, Economics
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Vieira, João Carlos Carpes. "O primeiro distrito industrial de Farroupilha/RS e suas repercussões socioambientais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIVATES, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10737/275.
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A economia do município de Farroupilha/RS, historicamente, esteve centralizada no setor primário. Contudo, a partir da década de 1970, passou também a se voltar para a atividade industrial. Isso porque surgiu, por parte da administração municipal daquela época, uma política de desenvolvimento industrial, que concedeu incentivos à instalação de indústrias em distritos industriais. A presente dissertação buscou analisar as repercussões socioambientais decorrentes da criação do primeiro distrito industrial do Rio Grande do Sul, no município de Farroupilha, em 1969, verificar a implementação da gestão ambiental do município e por fim, analisar se a legislação contemporânea exige licenciamento ambiental para tais empreendimentos. Para tanto, foi adotado o método qualitativo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental no exame da legislação ambiental nas esferas federal, estadual e municipal, bem como utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. No momento da instalação do distrito industrial, não havia previsão legal exigindo licenciamento ambiental, quer seja do próprio distrito, quer seja das empresas que foram instaladas, posto que a criação do distrito ocorreu em 1969 e a lei que o exige foi publicada em 1981. No período de sua instalação, a preocupação dos gestores públicos foi com a promoção do crescimento econômico, o qual foi alcançado. Em conseqüência desse progresso, ocorreram relevantes repercussões socioambientais, tanto positivas, quanto negativas. Dentre os aspectos positivos estão o incremento na geração de empregos e na arrecadação, o desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo local e o avanço no nível de instrução da população, bem como a miscigenação cultural. Já o surgimento de novos loteamentos habitacionais sem a devida infraestrutura, o abalo à segurança municipal, o aumento no consumo de matérias-primas e a alteração na flora e fauna locais foram apontados como alguns dos impactos negativos do distrito.
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Khosravian, Carolin, and Moa Bengtsson. "The industrial district of Prato: : An analysis of the textile industry 1991 - 2001." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-797.
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The aim of this thesis has been to analyse the textile industry of Prato between the years 1991 and 2001. The district has been examined in terms of population, employment, firms and international trade and we have examined the industry in the region weighted against the whole Italy. Moreover, the Location quotation has been used to measure the degree of specialization. Theories about cluster and industrial districts have been utilized to give a background to agglomeration of firms. The conclusions from our analysis are that Prato consists of a large group of firms acting in similar industry in a specific location. The district is highly dominated by small firms, which are engage in the production of a homogenous product through different stages. In terms of international trade, Prato has been able to increase its exports between the years 1995 to 2001. Furthermore, our examination of Prato shows a reduction of employment and number of firms operating within the textile sector, while the degree of specialization has increased. Our inference is that this contradiction is due to the decrease of the total textile industry in the whole country.
Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att analysera textilindustrin i Prato mellan åren 1991 och 2001. Regionen har analyserats i termer av befolkning, sysselsättning, företag och internationell handel, och vi har undersökt industrin i regionen i jämförelse med hela Italien. Dessutom har en lokaliseringskvot använts för att mäta graden av specialisering. Teorier om kluster och industriella distrikt har använts för att ge en bakgrund till hopsamling av företag. Slutsatsen vi har dragit från vår analys är att Prato består av en stor grupp företag som verkar inom en liknande industri på en specifik plats. Distriktet är till stor del dominerat av små företag vilka är sysselsatta i produktionen av en homogen produkt inom olika steg av produktionen. Gällande den internationella handeln har Prato lyckats öka sin export mellan åren 1995 och 2001. Vår undersökning av Prato har även visat en minskning av sysselsättningen och antalet företag inom industrin, men samtidigt en ökad grad av specialisering. Vår slutsats är att detta något motsägelsefulla beror på en minskning av den totala textilindustrin i hela landet.
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Bergström, Christine, and Olivia Bondarenko. "Interaktioner inom kluster - fallet Mjärdevi Science Park." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-493.
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Bakgrund: Klusterbegreppet introducerades under 1900-talet, men fenomenet erkändes redan under tidigt 1900-tal. Trots att marknaderna idag blir mer globaliserade, är klusterbegreppet fortfarande aktuellt. Som exempel på områden som kännetecknas av starka länkar mellan företagen kan Silicon Valley och Sophia-Antipolis nämnas, även kända som ”Industriella Hollywoods”.
Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera interaktioner mellan aktörer inom ett lokalt ”Industriellt Hollywood” – Mjärdevi Science Park. Hur förhåller sig aktörerna till fördelar med att befinna sig inom ett närområde, i hur stor utsträckning utnyttjas dessa agglomerationsmöjligheter och varför?
Metod: Denna studie är baserad på djupintervjuer med sexton företagsrepresentanter från Mjärdevi Science Park och en professor från Linköpings Universitet.
Resultat: Aktörerna verkar vara medvetna om vilka agglomerationsfördelar som föreligger, dock utnyttjas dessa inte i någon större utsträckning. Störst kontakt har aktörerna på det sociala planet, tack vare en gemensam bakgrund samt ihärdiga försök från Mjärdevi Science Park AB:s sida att initiera kontakt mellan företagen.
Background: Porter introduced the concept of clusters in the 1990’s, but the phenomenon has been acknowledged since the beginning of the 20th century. In spite of the fact that markets are becoming increasingly more global today, the concept of clusters is still very much alive. Regional agglomerations of companies, commonly referred to as clusters, are exemplified by so- called ”Industrial Hollywoods”, such as Silicon Valley and Sophia-Antipolis. Purpose: We are intrigued by this paradox development of the markets and want to analyse interactions between actors within the local ”Industrial Hollywood” – Mjärdevi Science Park. This in order to find out whether these actors recognise any advantages of being located in a cluster of companies and to what extent agglomeration possibilities are exploited. Research Method: This study is based on interviews with sixteen actors from companies located in Mjärdevi Science Park, and one professor from Linköping University. We have also used secondary sources. Result: The actors recognise advantages to company agglomerations but do not seem to exploit these advantages to a great extent. However, several of the actors are in some way inter-connected, mostly on a social level due to common backgrounds and continuous attempts by Mjärdevi Science Park AB to initiate contact between companies.
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Paniccia, Ivana. "Italian industrial districts." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394240.
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Behname, Mehdi. "Les stratégies de la localisation d'entreprise et la réactualisation politique industrielle (étude appliquée à la France)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030079.
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Notre recherche pose la problématique des effets de la politique industrielle sur la localisation d’entreprises, dans le cadre de la France et des firmes des pays investisseurs en France. Notre thèse a pour but d’étudier d’abord les éléments essentiels de la localisation d’entreprises et pour cela, d’en mesurer et analyser les variables. Nous évaluons ensuite les effets de la politique industrielle d’un côté, sur la localisation à travers une analyse statistique, en comparant le degré d’attractivité de la France et sa politique industrielle avec les pays investisseurs en France ; de l’autre, à travers une étude économétrique qui identifie les déterminants existants de la localisation parmi lesquels surtout, la politique industrielle mise en place par le gouvernement pour favoriser l’attractivité de la localisation d’entreprises. Les résultats statistiques et économétriques montrent que les politiques industrielles – comme la taxe professionnelle et la prime d’aménagement du territoire – ont peu d’impact sur la localisation d’entreprisesThis research raises the question of the effects of industrial policies on the localization of companies, more specifically in the case of France and of foreign companies investing in France. The dissertation studies the elements essential to company localization, first through statistical analysis, by comparing both France’s and French industrial policies’ attraction with countries investing in France; then through an econometric study which identifies the existing determinants of localization, among which we find the industrial policy set up by the administration in order to influence company localization. The statistical and econometric results show that industrial policies such as the company taxation system [Taxe Professionnelle] and the land settlement incentives [Prime d’Aménagement du Territoire] have little impact on company localization
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Rosa, Vânia Nobre da. "A cooperação como forma de promoção da competitividade empresarial : o caso português." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16151.
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Mestrado em Sistemas Sócio-Organizacionais da Actividade EconómicaA globalização da economia e as suas consequências, ao nível do sistema produtivo e das formas de organização empresarial, traduziram-se na emergência de um modelo organizacional flexível e com capacidade de satisfazer uma economia polarizada em torno de uma procura cada vez mais dinâmica. Foram estes os principais factores que desencadearam a implementação crescente de inúmeras estratégias de cooperação (parcerias, alianças estratégicas, acordos de cooperação), num processo de profunda reestruturação das formas de relacionamento empresarial, que se consubstanciou no reconhecimento da capacidade de obter aumentos de competitividade, através da inserção de empresas em redes estratégicas de cooperação e colaboração (distritos industriais, clusters, sistemas produtivos locais, redes de empresas).O objectivo deste trabalho é provar que a cooperação é uma forma de promoção da competitividade empresarial e que, dadas as limitações dimensionais enfrentadas pelas pequenas e médias empresas, constitui um novo modelo de organização empresarial que lhes é particularmente atractivo. É com base na articulação entre os factores que induziram estas novas formas de organização empresarial e as novas dimensões da competitividade microeconómica causadas por este contexto globalizante, que se prova a existência de um novo paradigma organizacional, orientado para a consolidação da competitividade empresarial. Este paradigma baseia-se na supremacia da cooperação e das vantagens que lhe são inerentes e, desta forma, na consciencialização da necessidade de ultrapassar o conceito de relacionamento empresarial sustentado pela concorrência e atingir o conceito de coopetition, alicerçado no equilíbrio complexo entre cooperação e competição simultâneas. Com base neste suporte teórico e nas diversas evidências empíricas (internacionais e portuguesas) apresentadas, que provam a influência da cooperação no aumento da competitividade das empresas que adoptam esta estratégia, pretende-se, então, provar que, também em Portugal, é imprescindível o fomento de práticas empresariais cooperativas como forma de promoção da competitividade das empresas portuguesas, principalmente de aspectos associados aos novos factores não-custo de competitividade.
The consequences of a "globalising" economy, concerning the levei of production and business-related organisation forms, are translated in the emergence of a flexible organisational model with capacity to satisfy a polarized economy with a more and more dynamic demand. These became the responsible elements of the increasing implementation of numerous business-related cooperation strategies (partnerships, strategic alliances, cooperation settlements), in a profound process of restructuring relationships among enterprise. The consolidation of this process was based on the recognition that the insertion of enterprises in cooperative and collaborative strategic networks (industrial districts, clusters, local productive systems, enterprises network) would increase their competitiveness. The main objective of this Dissertation is to prove that cooperation is a mean of promoting business competitiveness and, for the specific case of small and médium enterprises it represents a new organisational model with particular attractiveness to their modest dimension and true limitations. Based on the articulation between the factors that induced this new business-related organisation forms and the new dimensions of microeconomic competitiveness (caused by this globalising context), it is proved the existence of a new organisational paradigm, oriented to the business competitiveness. This paradigm is based on the cooperation supremacy and in its inherent advantages and, therefore, in the recognition of the need to go beyond the traditional relationship between businesses and attain the coopetition concept, based on the complex equilibrium between simultancous cooperation and competition. According to the theoretical framework and to the several empirical evidences (international and Portuguese) presented, cooperation has significant influence in the increase of business competitiveness. Therefore, the encouragement of cooperative business-related practices, and of its non-cost aspeets, is indispensable as a mean to promote Portuguese enterprise competitiveness.
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Lu, Hai. "Energy Quality Management for New Building Clusters and Districts." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Installationsteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118561.
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The level of concern regarding the total energy consumption in new building clusters and urban districts (BCDs) has increased recently. Rising living standards have led to a significant increase in building energy consumption over the past few decades. A great potential for energy savings exists through energy quality management (EQM) for new BCDs. Quality of energy measures the useful work potential of certain energy. EQM in this thesis is defined as reducing energy demand, applying distributed renewable energy sources, and utilizing energy technology in sustainable way. According to this definition, tasks of EQM include energy supply system optimization and energy demand prediction. Based on EQM, the optimization of BCDs’ energy supply systems aims to search for the most appropriate scenario, which is a trade-off between various aspects, such as energy performance and environmental impacts as well as system reliability. A novel multi-objective optimization approach for new BCDs is established in this thesis. Optimization algorithm is known as Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is used to address non-linear optimization problems. Two case studies are included in this thesis: the U.K. eco-town residential BCDs case and the Norway office BCDs case. The U.K. case examines the application possibility of the approach in practical design. Optimization objectives involved in this case are the life-cycle global warming potential of the system and the system exergy efficiency. The total life-cycle global warming potential is minimized while the exergy efficiency is maximized. Different types of energy supply system scenarios are recommended with different optimization objective combinations (equal-importance, slightly exergy efficiency-oriented and slightly environment-oriented). The results show that the proposed approach can feasibly be an optimal design tool in practical use. To provide deeper insights into the problem, the Norway case checks the expansibility of inserting additional objectives into the approach. Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP), which is one of the system reliability indicators, is additionally included in the optimization objectives. For this case, the approach guarantees the optimal scenarios that cannot exceed the desired LPSP with minimum life-cycle global warming potential and maximum exergy efficiency. Optimal scenarios with different desired LPSP values (0, 1%, and 5%) are compared. Comparison results demonstrate that optimal scenarios change significantly along with variations of the desired LPSP values. Therefore, system reliability is proven as one of the most important objectives for renewable energy system optimization. In the future, this approach can be applied to complex problems with more objectives. Besides energy supply system optimization, an effective and precise BCDs energy demand model is needed. This model should be capable of providing reliable inputs (energy demand and load profiles) for energy supply system optimization and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. In principle, energy demand in BCDs is a complex task because numerous design criteria influence energy performance, which is hard to plan and pre-calculate. Establishing such a model would require a thorough decision base that prioritizes these design criteria and generally distinguishes the more important criteria from the less important ones. The study uses general survey aims to collect and identify the design criteria that affect the BCDs energy demand model and to evaluate the priorities of each criterion using the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Four main criteria – location, building characteristics, government, and outdoor surrounding characteristics – are established, along with 13 secondary criteria. The results show that the use of the AHP method can accurately guide the energy demand model and automatically rank significant criteria. The method can provide the weighting value for each criterion as well as the relative ranking for the energy demand model. This thesis aims to provide a systematic and holistic EQM method for BCDs energy system design at the beginning of the decision-making stage.QC 20130221
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Lee, Boyoung. "Metropolitan industrial districts a Cincinnati case study /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=1054822656.
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Cai, Rong. "Trust and Transaction Costs in Industrial Districts." Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9948.
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Social capital is becoming a core concept in economics, political science, sociology and public policy. Trust, norms and social networks, constitute the three major components of social capital. These three factors interact together and play a significant role in transactions between people and organizations. However, there is no consensus about the influence of social capital on transaction costs. Some researchers have stated that social capital could reduce transaction costs associated with adapting, monitoring and enforcing transactions; some have analyzed the negative impacts of social capital on transaction costs; and still some have focused on transaction costs in the formation of social capital.
Using organizations as the unit of analysis and concentrating on trust, this paper analyzes how trust, the central concept of social capital, impacts transaction costs in inter-organizational transactions. At the same time, it is argued that trust building is costly, and some activities that constitute transaction costs help to form a mutual-trust between organizations. Further, the paper points out that transaction costs and trust differ depending on the characters of transactions.
The paper also studies the lock-in effects of trust on inter-organizational relationships and the role of intermediaries to mitigate the negative impacts. Finally, the paper intends to find policy and strategy implications for organizations and government to build a healthy and vigorous transaction environment.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
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Leonello, João Carlos. "Análise do cluster moveleiro de Arapongas-PR." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79434.
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Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em EconomiaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T03:48:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T21:37:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 182532.pdf: 3958082 bytes, checksum: 4aaded286d75ddea289d6f9dafa16c23 (MD5)
O cluster industrial de Arapongas é o principal arranjo político do Paraná, apresentando 145 empresas, empregando 5,8 mil empregados e um faturamento de R$ 370.345.237,00 em 1999, sua produção é vendida quase que totalmente ao mercado interno. Apresenta algumas características positivas: disponibilidade de mão de obra experiente e especializada; produtos de boa qualidade voltados para o mercado nacional; presenças de algumas instituições de apoio cooperando com o arranjo; introdução de novos; introdução de novos processos de produção; atualização tecnológica, insumos máquinas e equipamentos. Estão presentes também, algumas características negativas: design não avançado; poucas relações em empresas fornecedoras dentro do arranjo; relações de cooperação com concorrentes não intensa; distanciamento do padrão de concorrência interno; fornecedores fora da região. Diante do panorama apresentado sugere-se algumas ações estratégicas e políticas de promoção que dinamizem o arranjo, buscando relações mais consistentes entre os agentes, capacitando-os para que desenvolvam processos sustentáveis de avanços qualitativos e quantitativos, baseados tanto na competitividade empresarial quanto na competência social.O cluster industrial de Arapongas é o principal arranjo político do Paraná, apresentando 145 empresas, empregando 5,8 mil empregados e um faturamento de R$ 370.345.237,00 em 1999, sua produção é vendida quase que totalmente ao mercado interno. Apresenta algumas características positivas: disponibilidade de mão de obra experiente e especializada; produtos de boa qualidade voltados para o mercado nacional; presenças de algumas instituições de apoio cooperando com o arranjo; introdução de novos; introdução de novos processos de produção; atualização tecnológica, insumos máquinas e equipamentos. Estão presentes também, algumas características negativas: design não avançado; poucas relações em empresas fornecedoras dentro do arranjo; relações de cooperação com concorrentes não intensa; distanciamento do padrão de concorrência interno; fornecedores fora da região. Diante do panorama apresentado sugere-se algumas ações estratégicas e políticas de promoção que dinamizem o arranjo, buscando relações mais consistentes entre os agentes, capacitando-os para que desenvolvam processos sustentáveis de avanços qualitativos e quantitativos, baseados tanto na competitividade empresarial quanto na competência social.
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Wong, Yeuk-ting. "Incorporating healthy living environment into Shatin, Humen a typical industrial area in Dongguan /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38211403.
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To, Kai-cheung Manawadu Ranjith Wijechandra. "Planning for commercial facilities in an industrial area : a case study in Fo Tan industrial area (FTIA) Sha Tin, Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14804657.
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Pseiridis, Anastasia Nicholas. "Firm clusters as an industrial strategy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620550.
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Hallick, Brian K. "Business location decisions a review of the literature and a case study of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1]. Typescript. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2943. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-85).
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Tam, Kwok-leung. "Planning for o\escence in old industrial areas : can industrial/office building reverse the trend /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19131616.
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Cruz, Sara Cristina Santos. "Surveying Industrial Clusters: A comprehensive Bibliometric Account." Dissertação, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7563.
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EconomiaMaster in Economics
Num mundo onde o paradigma da globalização se tornou uma realidade inquestionável, a dimensão `local tem ganho particular interesse como objecto de análise. Isto decorre do facto de os principais factores de competitividade global se encontrarem profundamente enraizados a um nível local. Neste contexto, os clusters, como entidades geográficas e sócio-relacionais, com um percurso evolutivo específico, uma identidade institucional e dinâmicas locais de conhecimento, tornaram-se elementos cruciais no desenvolvimento das regiões, assumindo um papel significativo nas políticas públicas. Apesar da sua importância crescente, o conceito de cluster tem sido alvo de uma aplicação discricionária, em termos do seu sentido e definição. Tendo em conta a evolução histórica deste conceito, tornou-se, então, necessário encontrar uma forma de organizar a literatura existente, numa tentativa de harmonizar esta multiplicidade de interpretações e significados. Esta dissertação tem por objectivo sistematizar o actual corpo de abordagens teóricas e estudos empíricos sobre clusters através de uma revisão aprofundada da literatura, complementada com um estudo bibliométrico, realizado com base em artigos publicados em jornais indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficas Econlit e EBSCO, no período de 1962 a 2007. Os principais resultados deste trabalho de investigação indicam que, para além da sua importância académica, o papel dos clusters tem também sido amplamente reconhecido no domínio político. Por outro lado, o interesse crescente na dimensão `local tem sido acompanhado por um emergente corpo de literatura sobre `globalização, redes globais e clusters . Além disso, por detrás do recente boom na literatura sobre clusters, está a importância de temas como as `abordagens sociais e baseadas nas `networks de contactos ou redes locais dos clusters, bem como as teorias baseadas no conhecimento. Estudos sobre sistemas regionais e nacionais de inovação e abordagens institucionais (relativas a culturas, governação e costumes locais das regiões) alcançaram particular importância a partir da década de 1990. Isto reflecte claramente as mais recentes tendências da literatura sobre clusters, que têm dado especial enfoque a factores sistémicos e institucionais . Finalmente, não obstante a correlação positiva entre a qualidade das publicações e a investigação formal e experimental, a evolução da literatura sobre clusters continua a ser maioritariamente apreciativa e descritiva.
As the global paradigm became an accepted reality, the local dimension has gained particular interest as an object of analysis. This is because key factors of global competitiveness have become deeply rooted at a local level. In this context, clusters, as geographical and socio-relational entities with a specific evolutionary path, institutional embeddedness and local knowledge dynamics, have become crucial elements in regional development, assuming a significant role in public policies. Despite its growing importance, the concept of cluster has been subject to a rather discretionary use in terms of interpretation and meaning. Since the multiplicity of definitions has flourished with the historical evolution of the cluster concept, it became necessary to find a way to organize the existing literature, in an attempt to overcome this multitude of notions and meanings. This dissertation aims to systematize the existing corpus of theoretical approaches and empirical studies on clusters by carrying out a thorough, qualitative survey of the cluster literature, complemented with a comprehensive bibliometric account, based on articles published in journals indexed in the Econlit and EBSCO bibliographic databases, from 1962 to 2007. The main outcomes of this research show that besides their importance in academic fields, the role of clusters has also been widely acknowledged in political spheres. Along with an increasing interest in the `local dimension, an emergent corpus of literature on global networks and clusters has also arisen. Moreover, behind the recent boom in the cluster literature is the influence of the prominent themes `local networks and social approaches and `knowledge-based theories . Studies on `regional and national innovation systems and `institutional approaches (mostly concerned with enrooted local cultures, governance and customs) have been achieving a particular importance since the 1990s. This clearly reflects the most recent trends in the cluster literature, which focus particularly on `systemic and `institutional factors. Finally, despite the positive correlation between the `quality of journals and related formal research, the evolution of the literature on clusters continues to be mostly appreciative-led.
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Cruz, Sara Cristina Santos. "Surveying Industrial Clusters: A comprehensive Bibliometric Account." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7563.
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EconomiaMaster in Economics
Num mundo onde o paradigma da globalização se tornou uma realidade inquestionável, a dimensão `local tem ganho particular interesse como objecto de análise. Isto decorre do facto de os principais factores de competitividade global se encontrarem profundamente enraizados a um nível local. Neste contexto, os clusters, como entidades geográficas e sócio-relacionais, com um percurso evolutivo específico, uma identidade institucional e dinâmicas locais de conhecimento, tornaram-se elementos cruciais no desenvolvimento das regiões, assumindo um papel significativo nas políticas públicas. Apesar da sua importância crescente, o conceito de cluster tem sido alvo de uma aplicação discricionária, em termos do seu sentido e definição. Tendo em conta a evolução histórica deste conceito, tornou-se, então, necessário encontrar uma forma de organizar a literatura existente, numa tentativa de harmonizar esta multiplicidade de interpretações e significados. Esta dissertação tem por objectivo sistematizar o actual corpo de abordagens teóricas e estudos empíricos sobre clusters através de uma revisão aprofundada da literatura, complementada com um estudo bibliométrico, realizado com base em artigos publicados em jornais indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficas Econlit e EBSCO, no período de 1962 a 2007. Os principais resultados deste trabalho de investigação indicam que, para além da sua importância académica, o papel dos clusters tem também sido amplamente reconhecido no domínio político. Por outro lado, o interesse crescente na dimensão `local tem sido acompanhado por um emergente corpo de literatura sobre `globalização, redes globais e clusters . Além disso, por detrás do recente boom na literatura sobre clusters, está a importância de temas como as `abordagens sociais e baseadas nas `networks de contactos ou redes locais dos clusters, bem como as teorias baseadas no conhecimento. Estudos sobre sistemas regionais e nacionais de inovação e abordagens institucionais (relativas a culturas, governação e costumes locais das regiões) alcançaram particular importância a partir da década de 1990. Isto reflecte claramente as mais recentes tendências da literatura sobre clusters, que têm dado especial enfoque a factores sistémicos e institucionais . Finalmente, não obstante a correlação positiva entre a qualidade das publicações e a investigação formal e experimental, a evolução da literatura sobre clusters continua a ser maioritariamente apreciativa e descritiva.
As the global paradigm became an accepted reality, the local dimension has gained particular interest as an object of analysis. This is because key factors of global competitiveness have become deeply rooted at a local level. In this context, clusters, as geographical and socio-relational entities with a specific evolutionary path, institutional embeddedness and local knowledge dynamics, have become crucial elements in regional development, assuming a significant role in public policies. Despite its growing importance, the concept of cluster has been subject to a rather discretionary use in terms of interpretation and meaning. Since the multiplicity of definitions has flourished with the historical evolution of the cluster concept, it became necessary to find a way to organize the existing literature, in an attempt to overcome this multitude of notions and meanings. This dissertation aims to systematize the existing corpus of theoretical approaches and empirical studies on clusters by carrying out a thorough, qualitative survey of the cluster literature, complemented with a comprehensive bibliometric account, based on articles published in journals indexed in the Econlit and EBSCO bibliographic databases, from 1962 to 2007. The main outcomes of this research show that besides their importance in academic fields, the role of clusters has also been widely acknowledged in political spheres. Along with an increasing interest in the `local dimension, an emergent corpus of literature on global networks and clusters has also arisen. Moreover, behind the recent boom in the cluster literature is the influence of the prominent themes `local networks and social approaches and `knowledge-based theories . Studies on `regional and national innovation systems and `institutional approaches (mostly concerned with enrooted local cultures, governance and customs) have been achieving a particular importance since the 1990s. This clearly reflects the most recent trends in the cluster literature, which focus particularly on `systemic and `institutional factors. Finally, despite the positive correlation between the `quality of journals and related formal research, the evolution of the literature on clusters continues to be mostly appreciative-led.
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Kiu, Chung-yin. "Evaluation of different approaches to redevelopment of old industrial areas /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117336.
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Lo, Yi-wah. "The destiny of old industrial area : a case study on Cheung Sha Wan /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13357785.
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Zhao, Bei, and 趙蓓. "Embeddedness and competitiveness: regional clusters in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29872157.
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Lam, Yuk-ching. "An evaluation of the concept of composite industrial-office building in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18155674.
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Nogueira, Rodrigo Hisgail de Almeida. "A teoria da localização industrial e o Programa Paulista de Arranjos Produtivos Locais: limites do modelo de competitividade no plano regional (2002 a 2012)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9250.
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Motivated to evaluate the contribution of Local Productive Systems (LPSs) for the development of the localities in which they were implemented in the State of São Paulo, this study sought to prove based on the analysis of some of the leading authors of the theory of industrial location, in first, if this theory is the main theoretical support base for formulating the development program the Local Productive Systems in Brazil, particularly in the state of São Paulo experience . In the mid-2000s , before a change in the framework of international economic order, with the advent of neo-liberal assumptions, degradation of the Brazilian industrial base , and deterioration of the social relations of production in urban areas, great hope is putted on clusters as endogenous growth promoter and promotion of territoriality in which it operates , as of successful international experiences of the industrial districts of the Third Italy , and high-tech Silicon Valley and Route 128 districts , both in the US . From the processing and analysis data selected on the São Paulo LPSs Program and especially the case study on the implementation of clusters in the Greater ABC Region , it was found that despite the contributions , regional competitiveness as a development proposal is insufficient and not alone serve the needs and social interests historically determined in this region
Motivado em avaliar a contribuição do Programa de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) para o desenvolvimento nos territórios em que foram implementados no Estado de São Paulo, o presente trabalho procurou comprovar com base na análise de alguns dos principais estudiosos da teoria da localização industrial, que esta teoria é a principal base de sustentação para formulação do Programa de fomento a Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) no Brasil, particularmente na experiência do Estado de São Paulo. Em meados dos anos 2000, frente a um quadro de mudança da ordem econômica internacional, com o advento dos pressupostos neoliberais, de degradação da base industrial brasileira, e de precarização das relações sociais de produção nas áreas urbanas, grande esperança é depositada nos APLs como promotor de crescimento endógeno e dinamização das territorialidades em que atua, a partir das exitosas experiências internacionais dos distritos industriais da Terceira Itália, dos distritos de alta tecnologia do Silicon Valley e da Route 128 nos EUA. A partir do tratamento e análise dos dados selecionados sobre o Programa Paulista de APLs e principalmente do estudo de caso sobre a implementação de projetos de APLs na Região do Grande ABC, constatou-se que apesar das contribuições, a competitividade regional como proposta de desenvolvimento é insuficiente e não responde por si só às necessidades e interesses sociais historicamente determinados nestas regiões
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Blasini, Bettina Sophie. "The role of communicators in innovation clusters : a qualitative study of the innovation clusters Munich and Cambridge." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708797.
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Barboni, Federico. "Fra openness ed embeddedness: network analysis di un distretto industriale glocale." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1862/.
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Il distretto è un luogo relazionale dinamico dove le imprese danno luogo a differenti comportamenti economici di vario genere e natura, cooperando in un certo senso per lo sviluppo e la crescita del distretto stesso. In un primo momento di formazione del distretto si sono delineati comportamenti di tipo path dependent per vantaggi economici dovuti alla distribuzione delle imprese nel territorio, ma con il tempo si sono cominciati ad avere comportamenti espansionistici differenti sia dall'interno che dall'esterno del distretto influendo direttamente sulla struttura del stesso. É ragionevole dunque pensare che gli attori guardino al rapporto “locale/globale” con una sorta di "strabismo", da un lato leggendo il distretto (dall’interno come dall’esterno) come un luogo privilegiato per la formazione di economie di prossimità, dall’altro puntando a disporre le catene produttive nello spazio globale, alla ricerca dei vantaggi derivanti da un minor costo del lavoro o dalla immediata prossimità dei mercati di sbocco.
il distretto viene dunque attraversato da dinamiche che lo globalizzano ma, al contempo, ne preservano (almeno per ora) la specificità. Non è più possibile leggere la sua forma economica solo nella logica della embeddedness, e non sarebbe certo corretto farlo solo in chiave di openness. Si tratta dunque di interrogarsi sul rapporto più di integrazione/complementarità che di contrapposizione fra openness ed embeddedness.
In questa tesi verrà descritto un metodo d'approccio per dare un valore al fenomeno di Openness e Embeddedness presente nel distretto partendo da un dataset di dati relazionali ricavati da due database economici Amadeus e Aida.
Non essendo possibile trovare pubblicamente dati sulle reti di fornitura delle singole aziende, siamo partiti dai dati relazionali di cinque aziende “seme”, ed attraverso una ricerca ricorsiva nelle relazioni di azionariato/partecipazione, siamo riusciti ad ottenere un campione di analisi che ci permette di mettere in luce tramite la custer analysis le principali tipologie di reti di imprese presenti nel distretto ed estese nello spazio globale.
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Thompson, Theresa Marie. "Essays on cooperation in developing country industrial clusters." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2338.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Wild, Sarah J. "The Italian Northern League : the self-representation of industrial districts." Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245956.
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Hai, Lu. "Energy Quality Management for Building Clusters and Districts Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Approach." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Installations- och energisystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-179063.
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As society develops, energy needs and the warnings of global warming have become main areas of focus in many areas of human life. One such aspect, the building sector, needs to take responsibility for a significant portion of energy use. Researchers need to concentrate on applying innovative methods for controlling the growth of energy use. Apart from improving energy efficiency by reducing energy use and improving the match between energy supply and demand, energy quality issues have become a key topic of interest. Energy quality management (EQM) is a technique that aims to optimally utilize the exergy content of various renewable energy sources. The evaluation of the optimum energy systems for specific districts is an essential part of EQM. The optimum energy system must follow the concept of “sustainability.” In other words, the optimization process should select the most suitable energy systems, which fulfill various sustainable requirements such as high energy/exergy performance, low environmental impacts and economic cost, as well as acceptable system reliability. A common approach to dealing with complex criteria involves multi-objective optimization, whereby multi-objective optimization is applied in the context of EQM of building clusters and districts (BCDs). In the present thesis, a multi-objective optimization process is proposed that applies a genetic algorithm (GA) to address non-linear optimization problems. Subsequently, four case studies are used to analyze how the multi-objective optimization process supports EQM of BCDs. Detailed information about these cases is provided below: 1. Basic case (UK): This case is used to investigate the application possibility of the approach in BCD energy system design and to analyze the optimal scenario changes, along with variations of optimization objective combinations. This approach is proven to be time-effective 2. Case 1 (Norway): The use of renewable energy sources can be highly intermittent and dependent on local climatic conditions; therefore, energy system reliability is a key parameter be considered for the renewable energy systems. This section defines system reliability as a constraint function and analyzes the system changes caused by the varying reliability constraints. According to the case, system reliability has been proven to be one of the most important objectives for the optimization of renewable energy systems. 3. Case 2 (China): In this section, the approach is applied in order to search for the optimal hybrid system candidates for a net-zero exergy district (NZEXD) in China. Economic analysis is included in this case study. Through the optimization process, the proposed approach is proven to be flexible and capable of evaluating distinct types of energy scenarios with different objective functions. Moreover, the approach is able to solve practical issues, such as identifying the most feasible options to the stepwise energy system transition for a specific case. 4. Case 3 (China): This section makes two major contributions. The first is to test the expansibility of inserting additional objectives into the approach; a parametric study is then applied to investigate the effects of different energy parameters. The second contribution is the conclusion that the optimum energy systems might vary significantly, depending on certain parameters. According to the analyses in these case studies, the multi-objective optimization approach is capable of being a tool for future BCDs’ energy system design. It should also be noted that the findings from the case studies – especially the parametric study – might provide some interesting research topics for future work.QC 20151211
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Law, Lok-to Ken. "The innovative use of recycle materials in a re-vitalization project for the industrial landscape /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42927419.
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Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009.Includes special report study entitled: The investigation of applying recycle material in landscape architecture. Includes bibliographical references.
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Munyoro, Gerald. "The significance of industrial clusters to the scottish economy." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510636.
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Dimitriadis, Nikolaos I. "Information flow in industrial districts : the case of Kastoria's fur industry." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425612.
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Zeni, Elton. "Sistema de avaliação das vantagens potenciais de Clusters industriais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97233.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal desenvolver um sistema de avaliação de desempenho de clusters, capaz de analisar as vantagens potenciais que um cluster pode oferecer e concluir a respeito do aproveitamento dessas vantagens e dos aspectos que podem ser aprimorados. Para isso, o trabalho se propõe a: (i) identificar os constructos e variáveis que devem ser utilizados para representar as vantagens potenciais que um cluster industrial pode oferecer; (ii) desenvolver um sistema de avaliação do aproveitamento das vantagens potenciais de um cluster, baseado nos constructos e variáveis identificados; (iii) testar o sistema, avaliando o nível de desenvolvimento, no que tange ao aproveitamento de vantagens potenciais em que se encontra o cluster moveleiro do Oeste de Santa Catarina; e (iv) estabelecer um plano para aprimoramento das operações e consolidação do referido cluster. Esta tese está baseada numa abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, utilizando questionário aplicado em 112 empresas, grupo focado e entrevistas. Uma das principais contribuições desta tese é a proposição de um modelo capaz de avaliar o aproveitamento das vantagens potenciais de um cluster, auxiliando na tomada de decisão dos envolvidos (poder público, instituições de classe, empresas) e melhoria da competitividade das empresas do cluster em relação às empresas externas. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é a proposição de ações que possam aumentar o aproveitamento das vantagens oferecidas às empresas pertencentes ao cluster moveleiro do oeste de Santa Catarina e à sua competitividade.The main objective of this work is to develop a performance evaluation system of clusters, able of analyzing the potential advantages that a cluster can offer to its member companies and conclude about the use of these advantages and about the aspects which could be improved. Considering this general objective, this work intends: (i) identify the constructs and variables that should be utilized for represent the potential advantages that an industrial cluster can offer; (ii) develop an evaluation system for access the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, based on the constructs and identified variables; (iii) test the system, evaluating the development level of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster, regarding the use of the potential advantages, (iv) establish a plan for the improvement of operations and consolidation of the mentioned cluster. This dissertation is based on a qualitative and quantitative approach, comprising a survey involving 112 companies, focus group and interviews. One of the main contributions of this dissertation is the proposal of a model capable of evaluate the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, assisting on the decision making of the stakeholders (government, class association and companies) and competitiveness improvement of the cluster member companies compared to outside companies. Other contribution of this work is the proposal of a plan of actions that could increase the use of the advantages offered to the member companies of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster and their respective competitiveness.
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Xue, Jianhong. "What drives a knowledge-based industry to cluster? : a latent variable analysis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426116.
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To, Kai-cheung, Ranjith Wijechandra Manawadu, and 杜啓祥. "Planning for commercial facilities in an industrial area : a case study in Fo Tan industrial area (FTIA) Sha Tin, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258438.
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Qiu, Xuan, and 邱璇. "Logistics service sharing in supply hub in industrial park (SHIP)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193499.
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Industrial parks have played an indispensible role in boosting economic and industrial development. However, further development has been impeded by the shortage of land resources and by duplicate investments on common physical assets and services. This thesis proposes the concept of Supply Hub in Industrial Park (SHIP) as a public provider of warehousing and transportation services shared by manufacturing enterprises located within an industrial park.
This research investigates four typical scenarios. The first scenario explores SHIP’s storage capacity pooling effect. Inventory models are built to simulate the supply chain in a typical industrial park: with and without SHIP. Under demand variations, two rules are presented for SHIP’s space allocation: the proportional dispatching rule (PDR), and the backorder cost priority dispatching rule (BPDR). The simulation results show that the industrial park can benefit from SHIP’s storage capacity pooling especially under complementarily seasonal or identically volatile demand pattern. BPDR is more beneficial than PDR to the industrial park, SHIP, and the manufacturer with the largest backorder cost rate.
The second scenario evaluates SHIP’s value in consolidating shipments via numerically comparing the supply chain with SHIP with the traditional one. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the models developed for the two supply chains. Numerical outcomes show that the industrial park can obtain significant cost savings from applying SHIP. The cost reductions increase with the size of the supply chain, the vehicle capacity, and the rates of fixed transportation cost and holding costs of finished products at manufacturers.
The third scenario investigates SHIP’s storage pricing strategies. A bilevel model is proposed to optimize SHIP’s decision on storage pricing, and individual manufacturer’s decisions on replenishment and delivery. A dynamic storage pricing depending on the storage length is adopted. The bilevel model is solved in closed-form in special cases. Through numerical experiments, SHIP is found to gain more profit by using the dynamic storage pricing than the constant one. It is observed that SHIP could not gain profit improvement by raising its delivery charge. Contrary to intuition, SHIP attracts more space demands from large production-scale manufacturers when charging higher on delivery or when the public warehouse’s delivery charge is lower, and more demands from small manufacturers when the market storage price is lower.
The fourth scenario discusses how SHIP and manufacturers interact to optimize their decisions on shared transportation pricing and cycle-time, and raw material delivery schedules. A bilevel model is proposed to study this problem. The theoretical analysis of the model indicates that the SHIP’s storage price is the key in determining each partner’s behaviour. For comparison, a bilevel analytical model is constructed for direct transportation. The numerical outcomes show that SHIP’s profit may not always increase with the vehicle capacity. Manufacturers make more delivery orders when SHIP charges a significantly high storage price or the holding cost rate at manufacturers is significantly low. Sharing transportation service may bring benefits to SHIP and manufacturers with large demands.published_or_final_version
Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Wang, Dongren. "Vanadium complexes and clusters for (potential) industrial and medicinal application." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965367258.
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Fossum, Harold L. "Formation and function of industrial districts in the rural Northwest : two cases /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/15492.
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Rabellotti, Roberta. "External economics and cooperation in industrial districts : a comparison of Italy and Mexico." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262629.
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Caja, Meri Pedro. "La evolución del cluster y su análisis: Estudio bibliométrico del concepto y aplicación de metodologías evolutivas en casos aplicados." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/52245.
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[EN] Literature on clusters has evolved over time, together with different approaches where they have been used. However, there was not a quantitative analysis of the current state of that evolution. In this research project, a methodology based on bibliometric analysis has been used; this methodology is called "bibliographic coupling", and is based on the identification and quantification of common references mentioned in the documents under study. This has allowed us to identify and explain the most relevant approaches in which the concepts of cluster and industrial district were used in 2013.
One of the most common demands shown in this literature, or in the approaches analyzed, such as Evolutionary Economic Geography, is the need for more cases of evolutionary (or dynamic) analysis of the study of clusters or industrial districts. Since present literature lacks an evolutionary analysis of Spanish cluster through its patents, in this research project the cluster toy-plastic of "Foia de Castalla" is analysed. This analysis is based on knowledge of the cluster environment, the development of those companies which it is made of and the evolution of skills and capabilities for the analysis of its patents; their patterns and processes of innovation will be better known, providing, thus, literature with a new analysis on the evolution of clusters.
Therefore, this doctoral thesis contributes to the literature on clusters evolution with two elements; firstly a case of evolutionary analysis based on patents and secondly a quantitative procedure, "bibliographic coupling", applied to this literature; the main approaches or lines of research in this area being, thus, identified.[ES] La literatura sobre los clusters ha ido evolucionando a lo largo del tiempo y de distintos enfoques que los han ido utilizando, sin embargo no existía un análisis cuantitativo de la situación actual de dicha evolución. En el presente trabajo de investigación se ha utilizado una metodología mediante el análisis bibliométrico denominado "apareo bibliográfico", basada en la identificación y cuantificación de las referencias bibliográficas comunes citadas por los documentos objeto de estudio, que nos ha permitido señalar y explicar los enfoques más relevantes que utilizan los conceptos de cluster y distrito industrial en el año 2013. Una de las demandas más extendida, dentro de esta literatura o por ejemplo de los enfoques detectados como es el caso de la Geografía Económica Evolutiva, es la necesidad de más casos de análisis evolutivos (o dinámicos) para el estudio de los clusters o distritos industriales. Dado que no existen en la literatura actual ningún caso de cluster español analizado evolutivamente a través de sus patentes, en el presente trabajo de investigación se ha analizado desde dicha perspectiva el cluster del juguete-plástico de la Foia de Castalla, dicho análisis está basado en el conocimiento del entorno del cluster, el desarrollo de las empresas que lo forman y la evolución de sus habilidades y capacidades por el análisis de sus patentes, para conocer mejor sus patrones y procesos de innovación. Aportando así un nuevo caso de análisis a la literatura sobre la evolución de los clusters. Por tanto, la presente tesis doctoral aporta a la literatura sobre la evolución de los clusters dos elementos, por un lado un caso de análisis evolutivo basado en las patentes y por otro un procedimiento cuantitativo "el apareo bibliográfico" aplicado a dicha literatura lo que permite detectar los principales enfoques o líneas de investigación en esta área.
[CAT] La literatura sobre els clústers ha anat evolucionant al llarg del temps i de diferents enfocaments que els han anat utilitzant, no obstant açò no existia una anàlisi quantitativa de la situació actual d'aquesta evolució. En el present treball de recerca s'ha utilitzat una metodologia basada en l'anàlisi bibliomètric denominat "apariat bibliogràfic", basada en la identificació i quantificació de les referències bibliogràfiques comunes citades pels documents objecte d'estudi, que ens ha permès assenyalar i explicar els enfocaments més rellevants que utilitzen els conceptes de clúster i districte industrial l'any 2013. Una de les demandes més estesa, dins d'aquesta literatura o per exemple dels enfocaments detectats com és el cas de la Geografia Econòmica Evolutiva, és la necessitat de més casos d'anàlisis evolutives (o dinàmiques) per a l'estudi dels clústers o districtes industrials. Atès que no existeixen en la literatura actual cap cas de clúster espanyol analitzat evolutivament a través de les seues patents, en el present treball de recerca s'ha analitzat des de la perspectiva el clúster del joguet-plàstic de la Foia de Castalla. Aquesta anàlisi està basada en el coneixement de l'entorn del clúster, el desenvolupament de les empreses que el formen i l'evolució de les seues habilitats i capacitats per l'anàlisi de les seues patents, per a conèixer millor els seus patrons i processos d'innovació. Així s'aporta un nou cas d'anàlisi a la literatura sobre l'evolució dels clústers. Per tant, la present tesi doctoral aporta a la literatura sobre l'evolució dels clústers dos elements: d'una banda, un cas d'anàlisi evolutiva basada en les patents, i d'altra banda, un procediment quantitatiu, "l'apariat bibliogràfic", aplicat a aquesta literatura la qual cosa permet detectar els principals enfocaments o línies de recerca en aquesta àrea.
Caja Meri, P. (2015). La evolución del cluster y su análisis: Estudio bibliométrico del concepto y aplicación de metodologías evolutivas en casos aplicados [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/52245
TESIS