Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CMOS Transistors'
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Duncan, Martin Russell. "CMOS-compatible high-voltage transistors." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12182.
Full textTachi, Kiichi. "Etude physique et technologique d'architectures de transistors MOS à nanofils." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721968.
Full textAcosta, Sandra Massulini. "Projeto de amplificadores operacionais CMOS utilizando transistores compostos em "sea-of-transistors"." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1997. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/111588.
Full textMarkov, Stanislav Nikolaev. "Gate leakage variability in nano-CMOS transistors." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/771/.
Full textVega, Reinaldo A. "Schottky field effect transistors and Schottky CMOS circuitry /." Online version of thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/5179.
Full textLund, Håvard. "IV and CV characterization of 90nm CMOS transistors." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10079.
Full textA 90nm CMOS technology has been characterized on the basis of IV and CV measurements. This was feasible by means of a state of the art probe station and measurement instrumentation, capable of measuring current and capacitance in the low fA and fF area respectively. From IV results it was found that the static power consumption is an increasing challenge as the technology is scaled down. The IV measurements also showed the impact from small-channel effects, which was not as prominent as expected. Investigation of literature has resulted in a methodology for accomplishing accurate CV measurements on thin-oxide transistors. By using extraction methods on the capacitance measured, key parameters have been obtained for the CMOS technology. Some of the extracted results suffer however from the choice of test setup.
Santos, Filipe de Andrade Tabarani. "Projeto de amplificadores com realimentação em corrente utilizando tecnologia 0,35 µm CMOS." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/262023.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T10:35:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_FilipedeAndradeTabarani_M.pdf: 11362655 bytes, checksum: 2e42c97ddd2bc2cb397c41f31568dc37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o estudo aprofundado e a confecção de amplificadores realimentados por corrente (CFA). São analisadas as principais características de um CFA e comparado com o amplificador realimentado por tensão (VOA). Buscou-se esclarecer as aplicações nas quais a primeira célula apresenta-se como melhor alternativa e como importante ferramenta a ser disponibiliza aos projetistas. Ao longo desta analise são frisadas as principais dificuldades na implementação da célula em tecnologia CMOS mencionando as soluções encontradas pela na literatura. Estas dificuldades impedem a confecção de CFAs CMOS comerciais. Um dos principais problemas da implementação de amplificadores realimentados por corrente em tecnologia CMOS e a baixa transcondutância dos transistores. A literatura propõe contornar esta deficiência da tecnologia utilizando células que obtêm alta transcondutância através do uso de realimentação interna [1]. Entretanto, a topologia proposta possui um severo compromisso entre transcondutância e banda de freqüência. O trabalho apresentado nesta dissertação deixa sua contribuição a literatura propondo dois métodos para amenizar este compromisso, que resultam no deslocamento da freqüência de -3dB, tornando-a significantemente maior que a original. No exemplo de projeto, aqui ilustrado, foi obtida banda 3,25 vezes a original,mantendo as características DC.O projeto de duas topologias, sendo uma baseada no primeiro CFA monolítico comercializado e a outra que utiliza transistores compostos, foi realizado visando a implementação monolítica em tecnologia 0,35 ?m CMOS da fabrica Austriamicrosystems. Os protótipos fabricados foram medidos e os resultados comparados com o esperado por simulação
Abstract: This work presents the study and design of current-feedback amplifiers (CFA).It is analyzed the main characteristics of a CFA as it compares to a typical voltage feedback amplifier (VOA). It was attempted to clarify in which applications the first mentioned cell excels at and why it can serve as an important tool for the designers. Throughout the analysis, the main difficulties regarding the implementation of the cell using CMOS technology are highlighted and the solutions proposed by the literature exposed. Those characteristics restrain the conception of CMOS commercials CFAs. One of the primary obstacles for the implementation of current-feedback amplifiers using CMOS technology is the low transconductance of the transistors. The literature proposes the use of cells with internal feedback in order to solve this issue [1].However, the proposed cell has a severe trade-off between transconductance and frequency bandwidth. This work provides its contribution to the literature by proposing two methods to loosen this trade-off. Using the proposed modification, it was obtained 3.25 times the original bandwidth while maintaining all of its native DC characteristics. The design of two topologies was carried out using monolithic Austriamicrosystems0.35?m CMOS technology; one based on the topology of the first commercialized monolithic CFA and the other using compound transistors. The produced prototypes were measured and the results compared with expected by simulation
Mestrado
Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
Wilson, David. "Characterisation of bipolar parasitic transistors for CMOS process control." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11585.
Full textVoisin, Benoit. "Contrôle d'électrons et de dopants uniques dans des transistors silicium." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENY067/document.
Full textRecent progress in Silicon-On-Insulator transistors fabrication have concerned a dimensions reduction, up to a few tens of nanometers, and an improvement of the leads. This allows to study the few electrons regime at low temperature. These latter are confined in the corners of the nanowire, where the electric field is maximized. This leads for the silicon valley degeneracy to be lifted, with a singlet for the two-electron ground state at zero magnetic field. We also investigate the interactions between these confined electrons and the electrons of the contacts conduction bands, with the Kondo effect and the Fermi-edge singularity.The dopants, essential ingredients of the transistors fabrication, naturally lift the valley degeneracy thanks to their deep confinement potential. First, by tuning the transverse electric field, we investigate the influence of the complex environment on a donor's ionization according to its position in the nanowire. We then realized the first Coupled-Atom Transistor, where the transport is controlled by the alignment of the ground states of two dopants placed in series. We could measure an energy splitting between the two first states of the order of 10 meV, one order of magnitude larger than that of the first electrons of the conduction band. This large separation allows to manipulate the electronic states in the ten's gigahertz regime. We induce one-electron interferences between the ground states of the two dopants, opening the way towards coherent electron manipulations in dopant-based devices
Di, Gilio Thierry. "Etude de la fiabilité porteurs chauds et des performances des technologies CMOS 0. 13 µm-2nm." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX11024.pdf.
Full textColin, Davy. "Commande optique intégrée en technologie CMOS pour les transistors de puissance." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT105/document.
Full textThe thesis dissertation is composed of 3 chapters. The 1st chapter introduces the thesis context of fast switching transients and highly integrated power electronics circuits. The functions and the issues of the close gate driver are presented. The gate driver is integrated in the AMS 0.18 µm technology with its optical functions. The second chapter deals with the transmission and modulation of the gate driver charge through the optical isolation barrier. A configurable buffer is designed in order to modulate the gate resistance value. An optical supply including a PV cell and a switched capacitors DC/DC converter is integrated. In the third chapter, two approaches are developed for the gate signal transfer. For the baseband analog transmission, the optical signal is a direct image of the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal whereas in the digital series transmission, only the commutation orders are transmitted in a high frequency frame. A logic circuit and an integrated clock are designed. The digital transmission allowed the transfer of information such as the gate resistance configuration. Large temperature range (-40°C to 140°C), optical supply constraints (supply voltage deviation) and optical alignment (photocurrent value deviation) are considered for the integrated circuits design
Arreguit, Xavier. "Compatible lateral bipolar transistors in CMOS technology : model and applications /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1989. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=817.
Full textChunda, Jaime P. "Low voltage operational amplifier using parasitic bipolar transistors in CMOS." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA303882.
Full textSepke, Todd C. (Todd Christopher) 1975. "Investigation of noise sources in scaled CMOS field-effect transistors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87824.
Full textMIT Institute Archives hard copy: p. 101-102 bound 102-101; p. 102 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-101).
by Todd C. Sepke.
S.M.
Girardi, Alessandro Gonçalves. "Automação do projeto de módulos CMOS analógicos usando associações trapezoidais de transistores." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/11474.
Full textThe semi-custom design methodology using trapezoidal associations of transistors (TATs) is specially viable for the design of mixed-signal integrated circuits. Several works have been developed demonstrating examples of applications that generated good results using this methodology. However, there is a lack of specific CAD tools able to automate the synthesis procedure. In order to fill this need, the LIT tool was developed. LIT is a CAD tool specialized in layout generation of analog cells using associations of transistors. The main challenge is the choice of the correct equivalent association for a given single transistor, in such a way that negative effects related to this substitution are minimized. The most adequate choice is not a direct and intuitive task, because many options of associations exist. The goal of this work is to develop a tool for the aid of analog circuits design using series-parallel associations of MOS transistors, from circuit sizing phase to layout description. Total time and costs can be reduced with this tool. Moreover, design for manufacturability is also improved through layout regularity. A new concept of associations of transistors is introduced: the T-Shaped Transistor (TST). The main characteristic of this association is its trapezoidal format, but with no limit on the sizes of unit transistors, which were fixed in previous works about TATs (Trapezoidal Associations of Transistors). Then, one or two more free variables are available to the designer, giving him the possibility to work with up to four dimensions for the TSTs. A model of this kind of association is developed in this work, since it is needed to prevent or minimize second order effects that degrade circuit performance. Experimental comparison with simulations are also presented.
Guérin, Chloé. "Etude de la dégradation par porteurs chauds des technologies CMOS avancées en fonctionnement statique et dynamique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX11041.
Full textIn the last technologies, dimension reduction is performed at constant bias which means an increase of the MOSFET lateral electrical field. Reliability risks in term of hot carriers are coming back. It is very important to understand the hot carrier degradation physical root causes to insure the best compromise between performance and reliability. After studying numerous stress biases, temperatures, oxide thicknesses and lengths, we established a new physical formalism based on both carrier energy and number. This double effect translates in a three degradation mode competition dominated by each of the modes depending on the energy range. At high energy, the degradation is due to a single carrier interaction with Si-H bonds (mode 1). But when the energy decreases, carrier number begins to dominate first trough Electron-Electron interactions (mode 2) and particularly at very low energy where we put forward that degradation increases due to bond multiple vibrational excitation with cold carriers (mode 3). This new modelling allows a better lifetime extrapolation at nominal biases. Applied to degradation under digital signals, it also enables a rigorous estimation of the degradation ratio between alternative and continuous current (AC-DC). Then new design guidelines concerning frequency, fanOut and rise time have been evidenced. Finally, this new modelling is now included in Design-in Reliability simulators to know precisely circuit bloc hot carrier degradation
Massingham, John William. "A design technique for mixed ECL and CMOS circuitry." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241357.
Full textRigaud, Fabrice. "Etude et conception des structures de test et méthodes d'analyse pour les technologies CMOS." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX1A083.
Full textBecause of the constant transistors size reduction, it becomes more and more difficult to obtain good yields. The aim of this work is to propose tools to speed up the yield ramp up of CMOS technologies. These tools consist of test circuit design, combined with test and analysis methods. Three kinds of test structure are analyzed in this work: logic TEG, a test macro-cell and a hybrid TEG. The analyzed logic TEG are compound of inverter chains and allow to detect defects and process variations. Defects can also be localized in order to ease their analysis. The test macro-ceIl studied contains an "oscillating" SRAM memory array which is able to oscillate. The SRAM mode allows detecting and localizing of defects present on the memory array. In comparison with logic TEG, the probability to catch defects is more important thanks to the structure size. The oscillating mode allows, thanks to different interconnection configurations of memory cells, to characterize process variations. The last proposed structure is a hybrid TEG which consists of several ring oscillators with different layout configurations. A numeric bloc is also embedded, allowing to measure oscillating frequencies up to 1. 5GHz and to restitute them on a numeric output. An analysis method is then developed in order to retrieve values of parameters previously chosen as a function of oscilIating frequencies. Ln a fust time, the method is validated by simulation. Then, some wafers with the TEG embedded on are tested. The test shows tbat the learning performed by simulation has to be executed on silicon to obtain expected results
Rossetto, Alan Carlos Junior. "Modeling and simulation of self-heating effects in p-type MOS transistors." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/186033.
Full textNafaa, Beya. "Etude du bruit électrique basse fréquence dans des technologies CMOS avancées." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC273/document.
Full textThe work done during this thesis focuses on the study of fully depleted double gate UTBOX transistors manufactured for the 16 nm technology node. The performances of these components in DC and as a function of temperature were evaluated. The traps located in the silicon film have been identified using low frequency noise spectroscopy, giving the possibility of evaluating the manufacturing steps in order to optimize them. An unusual peak of transconductance was observed in the transfer characteristics obtained at low temperatures (77 K and 10 K). This phenomenon is most likely related to a tunneling effect through dopants scattered from the source and drain extensions in the channel. The quantum transport mechanism related to the degeneracy of energy levels in the conduction band has been demonstrated at cryogenic temperatures and at very low polarizations. A new theoretical approach valid in moderate inversion has been developed for models of mobility fluctuations and mobility fluctuations correlated with the number of carriers fluctuations. The results indicate that the change in carrier transport mechanism is accompanied by a change in the 1 / f noise mechanism
Ross, Kyle Gene. "Distributed amplifier circuit design using a commercial CMOS process technology." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/ross/RossK0806.pdf.
Full textMerhej, Mouawad. "Intégration 3D des transistors à nanofils de silicium-germanium sur puces CMOS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT050.
Full textThe work of this thesis deals with the idea of demonstrating that the growth of nanowires between two predefined electrodes and more particularly the horizontal growth inside the oxide trenches can be used in the context of a 3D integration. This would help to directly manufacture the active semiconductor layers of a MOS transistor in the upper levels of a CMOS chip while respecting the thermal budget, and without resorting to chip bonding steps. During this project, we focused on the development and optimization of the "nanodamascene" process implemented to guide SiGe nanowires in oxide trenches directly on SiO2/Si substrate. Apart from this integration technique, we have also used the dielectrophoresis technique to orient and localize nanowires dispersed in a liquid solution between predefined electrodes. The results of these studies made it possible in the first place to manufacture nanowire channel transistors on the oxide, with a goal of which will be to demonstrate the possibility of establishing a transistor in the BEOL of a CMOS chip
Leroux, Charles. "Contribution à l’étude du phénomène de LATCH-UP dans les technologies CMOS." Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0071.
Full textBrihoum, Mélissa. "Miniaturisation des grilles de transistors : Etude de l'intérêt des plasmas pulsés." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT073.
Full textMicroelectronics industry is based on the continuous transistor downscaling. By the year 2016, the 16nm technological node would be achieved, so that structures with nanometric dimensions and high aspect ratio would have to be etch. However, traditional etching processes shows major limitations in terms of pattern profiles control and critical dimensions when such structures have to be etch. The encountered problems are related directly to intrinsic limitations of plasmas processes but also to the emergence of new phenomena’s when the dimensions of structures to etch become nanometric. In the framework of this thesis, a new strategy to produce plasma has been evaluated to develop etching plasmas processes adapted to next integration circuit generations: the pulsed plasmas. Over a first phase, the impact of plasma pulsing parameters (frequency and duty cycle) on the plasma physico-chemical characteristics has been highlight. This has been achievable thanks to advanced plasma analyse techniques (VUV broad band absorption spectroscopy, ion flux probe, retarding electrical field analyser…) developed to allow time resolved measurements. For the neutral flux, diagnostics have revealed that duty cycle is THE key control knob to tune the plasma. Indeed, a low duty cycle leads to reduced parent gas fragmentation and thus a reduced chemical reactivity. On the other hand, in electronegative plasmas and for constant RF power, we have demonstrated that ion energy is considerably increased when the ions flux is decreased (i.e. when the duty cycle is decreased). Then, surface analyses (XPS, SEM, Raman spectroscopy…) brought out the mechanisms involved during the plasma-surface interaction. Deeper comprehension of impact of pulsing parameters enables to develop pulsed plasmas processes more easily. These works are focused on the top of the transistor gate and deal with the following steps: HBr cure, Si-ARC etching, poly-silicon etching. HBr cure is an essential pre-treatment of the 193 nm photoresist to decrease the Line Width Roughness (LWR) of transistor gate. During this step, a carbon rich layer is formed on the surface of the resist pattern and degrades the beneficial action of UV plasma light on LWR reduction. Thanks to use of pulsed plasmas, the origin of this carbon rich layer has been highlight: UV induced modifications in polymer bulk lead to outgassing of volatiles carbon-based products in the plasma. These carbon containing moieties are fragmented by electron impact dissociation reaction in the plasma, which create sticking carbon based precursors available for re-deposition on the resist patterns. The impact of this layer on the LWR and resist pattern reflow is studied, and a possible mechanical origin (i.e. buckling instabilities) is highlighted. Finally, we showed that the use of pulsed HBr curing plasma allows to reduce and control the thickness of the graphite-like layer and to obtain LWR reduction that are comparable to VUV treatment only. The Si-ARC layer, used as hard mask, and the poly-silicon gate etching are based on the use of fluorocarbon plasmas. However, in these plasmas, the production of radicals enable for the polymerisation is decreased when the duty cycle is reduced. It leads to loss of both anisotropy and selectivity. Synchronised pulsed plasmas are then not adapted to such etching processes. To overcome this problem, a new way to produce plasma has been studied: the ICP source power is maintained constant and only the bias power is pulsed. Regarding Si-ARC etching, very anisotropic profiles are obtained and the Si-ARC to resist selectivity is enhanced while pulsing the rf bias to the wafer. In the case of poly-silicon etching, the ARDE effects are significantly reduced while the selectivity regarding the oxide is improved. These results are very promising for the development of polymerising plasmas processes
Jouvet, Nicolas. "Intégration hybride de transistors à un électron sur un noeud technologique CMOS." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863770.
Full textDideban, Daryoosh. "Statistical modelling of nano CMOS transistors with surface potential compact model PSP." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3257/.
Full textMorgan, Katrina. "Radiation effects and reliability of dielectrics in CMOS transistors and resistive memories." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/381509/.
Full textWidiez, Julie. "Etude, fabrication et caractérisation de transistors CMOS double grille planaires déca-nanométriques." Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0144.
Full textMOSFETs are the main elements of the micro and nano technology industry. During the last 40 years, the rapid cadence of the MOSFET scaling has allowed the exponential growth of this industry. Today, the classical bulk MOSFET show fundamental limits. Two avenues are pursuing to extend the MOSFET life: new materials and new transistor structures. The multiple gate architecture is one of the most promising solutions to extend CMOS down to the 22nm node. In this context, this work deals with the study, fabrication and characterization of planar double gate (DG) CMOS transistors in the deca-nanometer range. For the first time, we demonstrate the integration of planar DG transistors with metal gate until 10nm gate length. The non-self aligned and the self-aligned DG transistor fabrication is detailed. An in-depth electrical characterization shows the high potential of the DG architecture in terms of electrostatic control, on-state current and mobility. The co-integration with single gate transistors makes easy the comparison. Through a coupling study, we demonstrate that the gate misalignment has a negative impact on subthreshold characteristics. Finally, a study is axed on the metal gate, particularly in TiN and WSix
Mahooti, Rabe'eh. "A CMOS circuit generator using differential pass transistors for implementing Boolean functions." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3805.
Full textRey-Tauriac, Yannick. "Etude et amélioration de la fiabilité des composants dédiés aux technologies bipolaire/CMOS/DMOS moyenne tension." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10020.
Full textAppaswamy, Aravind. "Operation of inverse mode SiGe HBTs and ultra-scaled CMOS devices in extreme environments." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33970.
Full textFlachowsky, Stefan. "Verspannungstechniken zur Leistungssteigerung von SOI-CMOS-Transistoren." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-63136.
Full textAs conventional MOSFET scaling is reaching its limits, several novel techniques are investigated to extend the CMOS roadmap. One of these techniques is the introduction of mechanical strain in the silicon transistor channel. Because strain changes the inter-atomic distances and thus the electronic band structure of silicon, ntype and p-type transistors with strained channels can show enhanced carrier mobility and performance. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and understand the effects of strain on the electronic properties of planar silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs for high-performance applications as well as the optimization of various stress techniques and their technological limitations. First, the effect of strain on the electronic band structure of silicon and the carrier mobility is studied systematically using the empirical pseudopotential method and the deformation potential theory. Strain-induced energy band splitting and band deformations alter the electron and hole mobility through modulated effective masses and modified scattering rates. The various concepts for strain generation inside the transistor channel are reviewed. The focus of this work is on strained overlayer films, strained Si1-xGex and Si1-yCy in the source/drain regions, stress memorization techniques and strained substrates. It is shown, that strained silicon based improvements are highly sensitive to the device layout and geometry. For that reason, numerical simulations are indispensable to analyze the efficiency of the strain techniques to transfer strain into the channel. In close relation with experimental work the results from detailed simulation studies including parameter variations and material analyses are presented, as well as a thorough investigation of critical parameters to increase the strain in the transistor channel. Thus, the process conditions and the properties of the fabricated devices can be optimized with respect to higher performance. In addition, technological limitations are discussed and the potential of the different strain techniques for further performance enhancements in future technology generations is evaluated. With the continuing reduction in device dimensions the detrimental impact of the parasitic source/drain resistance on device performance is quantified and projected to be the bottleneck for strain-induced performance improvements. Next, the effects from a combination of individual strain techniques are studied and their interactions or possible restrictions are highlighted. Finally, the transport properties in the low-field transport regime as well as under high electrical fields are analyzed and the notable differences between strained n-type and p-type transistors are discussed
Moezi, Negin. "Statistical compact model strategies for nano CMOS transistors subject of atomic scale variability." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3447/.
Full textXu, Cuiqin. "Optimisation du procédé de réalisation pour l'intégration séquentielle 3D des transistors CMOS FDSOI." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771763.
Full textSALAZAR, FABIO DE ALMEIDA. "DESIGN OF LOW POWER ANALOG CMOS CELLS FROM TRANSISTORS BIAS IN WEAK INVERSION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1996. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8599@1.
Full textA indústria eletrônica tem apresentado uma demanda crescente pela fabricação de aparelhos onde o baixo consumo de energia é uma das características mais importantes. Como exemplo, temos os telefones celulares, os computadores pessoais portáteis e os implantes biomédicos. Este trabalho investiga o projeto e o layout de células analógicas de consumo mil vezes menos (micropower) que os circuitos convencionais. As células desenvolvidas tanto podem ser usadas em aplicações analógicas quanto em circuitos híbridos formados por blocos digitais e blocos analógicos em um mesmo circuito integrado (mixed-mode). O trabalho desenvolvido envolveu 7 etapas principais: o estudo da operação do transistor MOS polarizado na região de inversão fraca comparado com a região de inversão forte; o estudo de estruturas básicas com dois transitores operando na inversão fraca; a conversão dos parâmetros de fabricante para a simulação das células; estudo de células analógicas a e seu projeto para baixo consumo; simulação das células e comparação com células comerciais; estudo da variação dos parâmetros de fabricação; estudo de técnicas de layout para células analógicas. Inicialmente o trabalho apresenta um resumo do estado da arte em projetos de circuitos integrados analógicos CMOS e, introduz o conceito da operação do transistor MOS em inversão fraca (weak inversion). O estudo de estruturas básicas, tais como espelhos de corrente, é o passo seguinte para a compreensão das limitações da operação dos transistores na fraca inversão e a análise de suas vantagens e desvantagens. A conversão dos parâmetros de processos fornecido pelo fabricante, do SPICE nível 2 para o SMASH nível 5, é um passo importante para uma simulação mais fiel do transistor real operando na região de inversão fraca, usando o novo modelo EKV (desenvolvido pela Escola Politécnica Federal de Lausanne - EPFL). O desenvolvimento dos blocos funcionais analógicas, tais como amplificadores operacionais, tece como estratégia de trabalho partir de especificações de células existentes em bibliotecas de fabricantes comerciais com tecnologia reconhecida sobre o assunto, e tentar reproduzir as suas características através do projeto de células dedicadas. Foram avaliadas algumas topologias de uma mesma célula com o objetivo de realizar a comparação entre elas. As medidas de desempenho das células para a comparação com as comerciais, foram realizadas com o uso de arquivos hierárquicos de simulação, visando a redução da quantidade de arquivos. Foi realizado um estudo de como a variação do processo de fabricação pode afetar o desempenho das células projetadas por análise de Montecarlo. São mostradas técnicas de layout de células analógicas que visam reduzir o descasamento entre transistores, faro este que poderia levar o circuito a apresentar comportamento diferente daquele especificado inicialmente. Os resultados alcançados demonstraram ser possível o desenvolvimento de células analógicas de baixo consumo. Através do uso da técnica de operação do transistor na região de inversão fraca, obteve-se desempenho comparável aos circuitos comerciais, tornando possível a criação de uma biblioteca de células analógicas mais ampla sem a necessidade da dependência do know-how dos fabricantes comerciais.
Low power supply consumption hás become one of the main issue in eletronic industry for many product áreas such as cellular telephones, portable personal computers and biomedical implants. The aim of this work is to investigate the main drawbacks involved in the design of CMOS analog cells biased in weak inversion. Biasing a cell in weak inversion makes it possible to archieve a power consumption that is one thousandth lower than common analog cells designed to operate in strong inversion. This work has involved the following subject: a study of models for MOS transistors operating in weak inversion and strong inversion regions; a methodology to convert LEVEL 2 Spice model to EKV model; study of basic analog cell blocks suitable to low power mixed mode IC design; design methodology for low power analog cells; comparison between these cells and some commercial ones; study of analog layout techniques. Firstly, this work reviews the state-of-art of analog cell design including MOS transistor operation and modeling in the weak inversion region. Secondly we discuss the operation of some basic structures, such as current mirors and differential amplifiers, biased in weak inversion. This study helped us to understand the benefits and drawbacks involved in working with MOS transistors biased in this region. Next we describe a methodology to convert process parameters suppied by the foundries, usually LEVEL 2 Spice model, to the EKV model that was developed by EPFL (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - Lausanne). Since EKV model is continuous in all regions, we expect to archieve better agreement between simulation results and manufacturing results. In order to test and validate the design methodology we chose to develop first a set of cells for this foundry comforming to a foundry with expertise in low voltage analog cell design. These tests were carried ou through standardized hierarchical simulation files in order to decrease the total number of simulatiom files required. Finally, we present some techniques for the layout of analog cells that improve circuit sensibility to transistor mismatching and process variation. The work shows us that it is feasible to design low power analog circuit using MOS transistors operating in weak inversion region. The methodology was even able to synthesize cells that are similar in performance to commercial ones. Therefore, it is possible to develop a çow power analog cell library which is suitable to designing application specific integrated circuits.
Romanjek, Krunoslav. "Caractérisation et modélisation des transistors CMOS des technologies 50 nm et en deçà." Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPG0115.
Full textThe object of this thesis manuscript is to present our work which was to characterize electrically and to model the electric transport of three 50nm CMOS architectures: ultrathin oxide CMOS, Si:C nMOS and SiGe pMOS. Ln order to study the short channel effects on these devices we proposed andfor optimized several parameter extraction procedures as weil as several analytical physical models describing the behavior of the principal electric parameters of this type of transistors down to decananometric channellengths. Thus, a complete experimental method and a model for the partition of the gate current were validated for the ultrathin oxide transistors. An optimization of the Split C-V method for short channels was validated giving valuable information on the mobility of ultrashort MOSFETs. A model was validated for the 1ff noise for sub-O. 1IJm SiGe pMOS. Ali these methods enabled us to show that the transistors with a ultrathin oxide kep an very good properties of electric transport down to 30nm channellength, that the Si:C nMOS are a reliable alternative to control the short channel effects of sub-O. 1IJm nMOS and that the SiGe pMOS has a smaller 1ff noise ln strong inversion even at decanamometric channellengths
Singer, Julien. "Etude des jonctions ultrafines pour les technologies CMOS 45 nm et en deça par simulation atomistique." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0077/these.pdf.
Full textMicroelectronics is nowadays part of our lives, through mobile and multifunctional devices. Due to their mobility, these devices need an embedded, thus limited, energy source. It became necessary to reduce the consumption of the integrated circuits. Junction leakages within the MOSFET transistor, basic component of these circuits, are one of the principle causes of this consumption. Junction leakage in turn depends on the eventual presence of residual extended defects. This work aims to simulate the junction leakage depending on the fabrication process. Atomistic simulation (non lattice kinetic Monte Carlo method) is first used in order to predict the evolution of dopants (diffusion, activation) and of defects (agglomeration, transformation, dissolution) during fabrication steps (ion implantation, thermal annealing). This kind of simulation offers a new way to consider the evolution of defects and impurities during the process. The electrical and energetical characteristics of deep levels, generated by extended defects and responsible for a significative part of the junction leakage, are then studied by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). These characteristics and the dopant profiles are finally used as input in junction current models to simulate ultra shallow junction leakage
Dumont, Benjamin. "Etude et intégration de jonctions ultra-fines pour les technologies CMOS 45 nm et en deçà." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ISAL0035.
Full textWaldhoff, Nicolas. "Caractérisations et modélisations des technologies CMOS et BiCMOS de dernières générations jusque 220 GHz." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10132/document.
Full textThe motivation of this work inherits from the recent progress in terms of cut-off frequencies of silicon transistors such as MOSFET (bulk and SOI) and SiGe HBT. In 2006, the state-of-the-art cut-off frequencies achieved more than 300 GHz. Nowadays, silicon circuits are limited around 60 GHz, only few with the exception of few circuits which operate at frequencies higher than 100 GHz (VCO at 130 GHz with SiGe HBT). In this context, it is highly required to check the ability of new and future generations of silicon transistors to provide higher cut-off frequencies especially in G band (140-220 GHz). These applications could be transmitter-receiver systems with high data rates and short distances. The unknown aspects are: 1) the validation of silicon transistors measurement up to 220 GHz; 2) the frequency behaviour of silicon transistors up to 220 GHz; 3) the modelling of these transistors. Electromagnetic simulations have been employed to optimize the test structures (the layout of the transistor). This work is particularly interested in calibration and de-embedding techniques for on-wafer measurements up to 220 GHz. Studies have been carried out on the small signal equivalent circuit improvement as well as the validation of the noise models in W band (75-110 GHz). From these validated models, pre-adapted transistors have been realised in G band. The development of measurement techniques adequate for the industry is the purpose of this work
Singh, Siddhartha. "Phosphorus implants for off-state improvement of SOI CMOS fabricated at low temperature /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11427.
Full textPelloux-Prayer, Johan. "Etude expérimentale des effets mécaniques et géométriques sur le transport dans les transistors nanofils à effet de champ." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY042/document.
Full textThis document is the result of my thesis work at the CEA-Leti Grenoble.It covers the evolution of the piezoresistive effect and the electrical transport properties of field effect transistor device against several variable such as geometry, temperature, internal stress....The focus of this work is to understand the effect brought by extreme reducing of channel and gate dimensions in MOSFET transistors.A special attention is given on electrical data modeling. Different algorithms are used to extract key parameters of devices and their viability against the device dimensions considered is discussed. A new piezoresistive coefficients model is drawn from a known mobility model,it allows to draw a reliable tendancy of piezoresistive variation against the cross section (channel width and thickness) of a given multigate device.An effect not accountable by standard theory for small cross section was shown by the measurements, and some hypothesis are made and discussed to explain whose results
Lassoued, Saïda. "Modélisation de transistors a homo et hétéro-jonctions, compatibles avec une filière submicronique : influence de phénomènes quantiques." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0089.
Full textThe aim of this work is the study of a submicronic bi polar transistor, compatible with a silicon technology (BICMOS), developed by CNET lndustry (Meylan-France). First of all, we discuss with the doping level profiles. We develop a (co)diffusion modeling into the polysilicon and the monocrystalline silicon underneath. Then, we present static electrical characteristics such Gummel's ones, and dynamic measurements such as capacitances. We consider the effects of process on device parameters such as current gain and cut-off frequency. These characterizations point out the technological drawbacks concerning the device behavior. The core of the subject lies in developing a bidimensional device simulator dealing with the so-called drift-diffusion model. Moreover, we have to model the electrical transport through a very thin oxide (15 A) located between polysilicon and monosilicon, which increases the gain current by decreasing the hale current. Then we add the resolution of the Schroedinger equation to make the simulations fully numerical. The method used for this former one is a transfer matrix algorithm. Finally, we study a hetero junction transistor structure: a bipolar transistor with a SiGe-doped base. This structure gives high cut-off frequency specified for RF applications
Cros, Antoine. "Caractérisation électrique de transistors MOS à grille enrobante pour les technologies CMOS sub-45nm." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0133.
Full textThe thin-film multi-gate transistors, and especially the Gate-AII-Around transistor, allow to reduce the dimensions of the MOS transistor beyond the 45nm technological node, thanks to a reduced sensibility to the short channel effects, in comparison with the bulk transistor. This thesis aims at studying and developing characterisation and electrical parameter extraction techniques, with application to the technological improvement of the device. Ln particular, we study the impact of the technological and dimensional parameters on the short channel effects, the fluctuations and the self-heating effect. We also observe the mobility degradation on the short gate length transistors, attributed to neutral defects. Finally, we analyse the access resistance thanks to a an analytical model and an original extraction method of the acces resistance dependence on gate bias
Hiblot, Gaspard. "Modélisation compacte de transistors MOSFETs à canal III-V et films minces pour applications CMOS avancées." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT066.
Full textIII-V MOSFETs are considered as a potential candidate for next generation CMOS logic applications thanks to their remarkable transport properties.On the other hand, they suffer from several physical drawbacks (such as tunneling currents or low density-of-states) and technological difficulties (in particular interface traps), which may deteriorate their performance.In this thesis, a physical compact model of the III-V MOSFET is established. It includes a description of short-channel effects, inversion charge (also considering bandstructure effects in thin channels), transport characteristics, tunneling currents, and external components such as access resistances and fringe capacitances. Using this model, the performance of III-V MOSFETs is benchmarked against Si, and a possible roadmap including these devices is presented. It has been found that the III-V channels may feature a significant performance advantage over Si, provided that the interface traps issue be solved. In that case, they may be introduced at the "7nm" node. The critical trap density, above which the performance of III-V MOSFETs degrades below Si, depends on the architecture considered. Finally, the very thin channels required to achieve a good performance with III-V materials may raise variability issues that could reverberate negatively at the circuit design level
Dhombres, Stéphanie. "Étude d'un protocole de régénération thermique de composants électroniques soumis à un rayonnement ionisant." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS228.
Full textNowadays, cameras are more and more used in space missions or nuclear plant for observation (civil or military) and monitoring missions (checking the deployment of solar panels, extravehicular operations, nuclear accident, and area storage). The space environment, nuclear reactors or radioactive waste storage areas are radiative environments that can greatly disturb electronic components and systems. In these environments, ionizing radiation degrades the electrical parameters of electronic components. The total ionizing dose induces significant charge build-up in oxides, degrading the electrical properties of the materials of electronic devices. That can result in the loss of functionality of the entire electronic system.In this thesis, we propose a regeneration method to recover the electrical parameters degraded by total ionizing dose of electronic components subjected to ionizing radiation. In this method isothermal annealing cycles are applied to electronic devices. In a first step, this method is applied on MOS transistors, and a study is conducted on the impact of various key parameters of annealing (bias, annealing temperature, annealing time, dose step between each annealing). In a second step, we focus on components more integrated and newer such as CMOS APS image sensors. We experiment what is the impact of annealing on this type of component and finally, the regeneration method is modified to be suitable on these APS sensors to increase their lifetime
Litty, Antoine. "Conception, fabrication, caractérisation et modélisation de transistors MOSFET haute tension en technologie avancée SOI (Silicon-On-Insulator)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT002/document.
Full textNowadays the scaling of bulk silicon CMOS technologies is reaching physical limits. In this context, the FDSOI technology (fully depleted silicon-on-insulator) becomes an alternative for the industry because of its superior performances. The use of an ultra-thin SOI substrate provides an improvement of the MOSFETs behaviour and guarantees their electrostatic integrity for devices of 28nm and below. The development of high-voltage applications such DC/DC converters, voltage regulators and power amplifiers become necessary to integrate new functionalities in the technology. However, the standard devices are not designed to handle such high voltages. To overcome this limitation, this work is focused on the design of a high voltage MOSFET in FDSOI. Through simulations and electrical characterizations, we are exploring several solutions such as the hybridization of the SOI substrate (local opening of the buried oxide) or the implementation in the silicon film. An innovative architecture on SOI, the Dual Ground Plane EDMOS, is proposed, characterized and modelled. It relies on the biasing of a dedicated ground plane introduced below the device to offer promising RON.S/BV trade-off for the targeted applications
Ayele, Getenet Tesega. "Developing ultrasensitive and CMOS compatible ISFETs in the BEOL of industrial UTBB FDSOI transistors." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI026/document.
Full textExploiting the intrinsic amplification feature provided by UTBB FDSOI transistors, we demonstrated ultrahigh sensitive ISFETs. Integration of the sensing functionality was made in the BEOL which gives the benefits of increased reliability and life time of the sensor, compatibility with the standard CMOS process, and possibility for embedding a capacitive divider circuit. Operation of the MOSFETs without a proper front gate bias makes them vulnerable for undesired floating body effects. The capacitive divider circuit addresses these issues by biasing the front gate simultaneously with the sensing functionality at the same gate through capacitive coupling to a common BEOL metal. Therefore, the potential at the BEOL metal would be a weighted sum of the surface potential at the sensing gate and the applied bias at the control gate. The proposed sensor is modeled and simulated using TCAD-Sentaurus. A complete mathematical model is developed which provides the output of the sensor as a function of the solution pH (input to the sensor), and the design parameters of the capacitive divider circuit and the UTBB FDSOI transistor. In that case, consistent results have been obtained from the modeling and simulation works, with an expected sensitivity of 780 mV/pH corresponding to a sensing film having Nernst response. The modeling and simulation of the proposed sensor was further validated by a proof of concept extended gate pH sensor fabrication and characterization. These sensors were developed by a separated processing of just the pH sensing component, which is electrically connected to the transistor only during characterization of the sensor. This provides faster and simpler realization of the sensor without the need for masks and patterning by lithography. The extended gate sensors showed 475 mV/pH sensitivity which is superior to state of the art low power ISFETs. Finally, integration of the sensing functionality directly in the BEOL of the UTBB FDSOI devices was pursued. An experimental sensitivity of 730 mV/pH is obtained which is consistent with the mathematical model and the simulated response. This is more than 12-times higher than the Nernst limit, and superior to state of the art sensors. Sensors are also evaluated for stability, resolution, hysteresis, and drift in which excellent performances are demonstrated
Janfaoui, Sabri. "Électronique CMOS en silicium microcristallin sur substrat flexible transparent." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S119.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to fabricate both types of microcrystalline silicon TFTs N and P (Thin Film Transistors) on flexible and transparent substrate. The microcrystalline silicon technology was optimized in our laboratory at low temperature <180°C. The flexible and transparent chosen substrate is PEN Q65FA (Polyethylene naphthalate) produced by DuPont Teijin Film. N-type microcrystalline silicon top-gate TFTs are successfully fabricated on PEN. These N-TFTs are fairly uniform and replicable. Likewise, N-TFTs are stable under gate bias stress of +15V, the VTH shift was only 12% during four hours. Furthermore, P-TFTs are demonstrated on PEN, the characteristics of these P-TFTs are adequate and they need further work. Both types of these TFTs are mechanically solicited. Tensile and compressive strains were applied by bending TFTs with different curvature radius varying between infinite (flat) and 0. 5 cm. Electron mobility increases (40%) with tensile strain and decreases with compressive one. In contrast, hole mobility decreases with tensile strain and increases (27%) with compressive one. This behaviour is mainly due to the variation of silicon properties. TFTs work until a radius of 1 cm and fail after. Failure occurs mainly from the cracking of silicon nitride that is used as encapsulation layer of the substrate and as gate insulator. Also, it occurred by cracking of the microcrystalline silicon that is used as an active layer. This can be avoided by reducing the thickness of the active layer to 50 nm
Tsiara, Artemisia. "Electrical characterization & modeling of the trapping phenomena impacting the reliability of nanowire transistors for sub 10nm nodes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT010/document.
Full textIn advanced CMOS technologies, microscopic defects localized at the Si interface (Nit) or within the gate oxide (Nox) degrade the performance of CMOS transistors, by increasing the low frequency noise (LFN). These defects are generally induced by the fabrication process or by the ageing of the device under electrical stress (BTI, Hot Carriers). In SiGe or III-V channel transistors, their density is much higher than in silicon and their microscopic nature still is unknown. In addition, in sub 10nm 3D like nanowires, these spatially distributed defects induce typical stochastic effects responsible for “temporal variability” of the device performance. This new dynamic variability component must now be considered in addition of the well-known static variability to obtain functional and reliable circuits. Therefore today it becomes essential to well understand the trapping mechanisms induced by these defects in order to design & fabricate robust and reliable CMOS technologies for sub 10nm nodes
Kulkarni, Anish S. "Study of Tunable Analog Circuits Using Double Gate Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1234552603.
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