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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CNC programing'
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1
Toman, Martin. "Systém Sinumerik při synchronním programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232061.
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This thesis deals with advanced programming of CNC milling machines in Sinumerik 840D powerline control system. Mostly it is aimed on issues of synchronized actions. These actions can adaptively react on progress of milling process regarding to signal detection from the machine and execute specific action. In the introduction of the thesis there are briefly described basic issues and fundamentals of CNC machines and control systems programming. The problematic regarding the programming of synchronized actions is also described. The examples with evaluation of their function are created in the practical part of thesis.
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Sychra, Jiří. "Návrh nové technologie výroby rotační součásti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241230.
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This master’s thesis is focused on a new production technology of a rotational part. The SolidWorks software was used for create the component design. According to the proposed models, CNC program using parametric programming using mathematical functions was created in the CNC Syntax Editor Free Edition program. The final step was the experimental verification of the functionality and components compared with other type and the economical evaluation of manufactured components.
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Moore, Robert Keith. "Computer aided programming of a CNC lathe." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25123.
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A software package and associated hardware have been developed which gives users of the ORAC CNC Training Lathe an easier and faster method of manufacturing on the lathe. The package, entitled ORACAP, uses the computing power of a mini-mainframe computer, a VAX 11/750, to assist in part design, program generation, program optimization, and program proving for the ORAC Lathe. The package is designed for users unfamiliar with computers such as students in an educational institute or workers in a production facility and uses command procedures to simplify the preparation and execution of the modules of the package. In addition to providing users with a valuable tool for manufacturing, ORACAP also gives users insight into the Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing methods used in industry, that is, it demonstrates the methods which allow production of a part from a very concise description of its geometry. Finally, ORACAP demonstrates the production advantages of a CAD/CAM system over conventional manufacturing methods for small to medium size batch production.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
4
Grėbliūnas, Giedrius. "Dviejų koordinačių programinio valdymo sistemos tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140619_092318-81134.
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Baigiamojo darbo tikslas – dvikoordinačiui įtaisui suprojektuoti skaitmeninio programinio valdymo sistemą bei ištirti jos veikimą. Šio darbo įvadinėje dalyje suformuluojamas darbo tikslas ir uždaviniai, taip pat aptariamas temos aktualumas. Literatūros analizės dalyje analizuojami straipsniai, kuriuose pateikti naujausi skaitmeninio programinio valdymo įrengimų programavimo metodai ir tendencijos. Teorinėje dalyje sudaroma sistemos funkcinė ir principinė elektrinė schemos, sukuriamas sistemos kompiuteris modelis bei programinė įranga. Tiriamojoje dalyje vykdomas sistemos imitavimas, patikrinamas suprojektuotos sistemos darbingumas bei braižomos ir tiriamos sistemos koordinačių formavimo laikinės ir tikslumo charakteristikos. Darbą sudaro 8 dalys: įvadas, literatūros analizė, tyrimo tikslas ir uždaviniai, teorinė dalis, tiriamoji dalis, išvados, literatūros sąrašas bei priedai. Darbo apimtis – 53 p. teksto be priedų, 32 paveikslėlis, 2 lentelės, 25 literatūros šaltiniai.The goal of this master thesis is to design a computer numerical control system for a two – coordinate device and to do a research of its characteristics. The main tasks are formed, as well as the urgency of the topic is being discussed in the introduction of this thesis. The gathered material about the programming of computer numerical control devices is systemized in the literature analysis part. In the theoretical part of this thesis, a functional and principal electric schematics, models and software are created. In the research part, the system is being simulated and graphic data of coordinates change in time and other precision characteristics are being analyzed. In the conclusion of this master thesis the results are discussed and suggestions are offered. There are eight parts of this master thesis: Introduction, Literature analysis part, The Goal and main tasks of this thesis, Theoretical part, Research part, Conclusions and Suggestions, List of Literature used and Additives. Work size – 53 p. without additives, 32 illustrations, 2 tables, 25 bibliographical sources.
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Cherepanov, Maksym. "Ruční programovaní CNC strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317201.
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Farka, Jan. "Možnosti řídicího systému Heidenhain při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444272.
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Modern machine tools are equipped with control systems, which are the imaginary brain of the whole machine. These control systems are developed, further managed, and constantly innovated by many companies, so it is clear that there is a kind of competition in the field of control systems. The aim of this work is mainly to describe the possibilities of one of the greats among developers of control systems from the company Heidenhain and also a thorough comparison of this system with systems from other manufacturers. Last but not least, other Heidenhain products and their possibility of use in practice will be presented in the work.
7
Ošťádal, Josef. "Možnosti softwaru SinuTrain Operate 4.4 při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231010.
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This thesis points to the knowledge of milling technologies and the various possibilities by programming CNC machines. Further shortly describes hard materials, with methods of their machining and basics of workpiece clamping. Explains and points out to the various software options Sinumerik Operate 4.4 - ShopMill during processing program of designed component produced by using milling technology.
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Peng, Jie. "Design and analysis of a CNC system for machining and monitoring." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29730.
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The development of unmanned machining systems has been a recent focus of manufacturing
research. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) units, which monitor and control many tightly coupled machining tasks, are inseparable parts of the unmanned manufacturing
system. This thesis addresses the detailed design and analysis of a modular CNC system for a milling machine. The feed drive control system of the machine tool is thoroughly studied. The mathematical model for the feed drive control system, which consists of a motion controller, power amplifiers and DC-servo motors, is developed and experimentally verified. A method of estimating cutting forces from current drawn by feed drive motors is developed. The viability of the current sensor as a feeding-force sensing component is illustrated and experimentally tested on the milling machine. Successful
application of the current sensor to tool breakage detection in milling operation is presented. The performance of the multi-axis contouring system in precision machining is discussed. The contouring errors induced by feed drive positioning systems in CNC machine tools is investigated using the state space model of the CNC system. The influence
of the cutting force on the accuracy of machining is shown to be negligible for feed drives driven by ball leadscrews. Various control strategies for the improvement of machining accuracy are tested in the simulation studies.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Vostřel, Jan. "CNC soustružení tvarových součástí z korozivzdorné oceli." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229259.
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This diploma thesis is focused on a CNC turning operation of form parts made of stainless steels. The first part of the diploma thesis is focused on a theoretical analysis of stainless steels material characteristics. The second part is focused on a concept of experiment of complex form experimental stainless steel components. In this thesis the new CNC technology is defined in a new operation system Sinumerik 840D/ShopTurn V06.04 with an application for a new multi-purpose turning centre SP280SY. The final part comprehends technical documentation, CNC programs of shaped components, their verification and overall photographic documentation.
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Kulenda, Martin. "Možnosti systému Sinumerik při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229874.
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The master’s thesis incorporates the control system Sinumerik 840D to the most widely used control systems of CNC machine tools. In the first thesis part are analyzed the NC programming methodics, which are relative only to the control system Sinumerik 840D and an essentials necessary to understand the issue in the area of CNC machine tools. Next part of the thesis includes design of the technology and processing of the NC program for machined component (gearbox cover). The NC program is made by ShopMill that is focused on a workshop area. During the program creation is combined a ShopMill and parametric programming, with using of a conditional jump instructions and repetitions. The final part of the thesis includes verification of the selected component production process by simulation and technical-economic evaluation of the designed technology.
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Kongiranda, Ganapathi Changappa, and Erappa Vivek Mandanna Balapanda. "Design Automation For CNC Machining : A case study for generating CNC codes from geometric CAD models." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178695.
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The intent of the thesis is to automate the generation of computer numerical control (CNC) codes from geometrical computer-aided design (CAD) models. The work is carried out using two machines, the MDX 40A milling machine, and the HAAS VM3 machine. The case study is to determine the potential in automating the code generation process. The empirical findings from the research studies reveal that the manual process for programming the codes for the models pose a challenge of consuming more time using the procedures in computer-aided manufacturing and manual operations performed by a programmer. One crucial factor to meet these requirements is the productivity of the machining process. Design automation for machining is the potent tool to increase productivity in this process. The main methods used in the study to fulfill the main objective of the thesis are addressed. The programming of the code is automated for these two machines and the outcome is compared with the manual approach. The need of automating the codes is to provide better accuracy and efficiency. Further, automation is beneficial as it increases the capability to accommodate the new changes in the design of the model. The conclusion drawn from the results of the study is that the automation for code programming results in increasing the speed of the machining process by reducing time consumption. Though the approach of automating codes is carried out for two machines, the potential of this approach is that the code generation process is not dependant on the post-processor of any specific machineThe Master Thesis (Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering)
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Krulich, Hynek. "Sinumerik Operate 840D sl. při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400967.
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This Master’s thesis is focused on capatilibities of software SinuTrain Sinumerik Operate version 4.8 SP1. In the first part is comparison of control systems and their options. The next part discusses programming method in CNC machining.In the last part there are a practical examples of programming, simulation of their production and technical-economic evaluation.
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Kohout, Tomáš. "Možnosti softwaru SinuTrain při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230568.
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This thesis illustrates the potential use of software SinuTrain for programming CNC machine tools on the component Sugar Bowl. First of all, Sinumerik 840D control system - ShopTurn is briefly positioned among other control systems. Subsequently, the technological preparation of production is processed for the two alternatives. The first one is production version from the rod blank 160 mm and the second one is production variant from a pre-cast. NC programs are created for the production of components of both technological options of Sugar Bowl in the software SinuTrain 6.3 - 6.4 V Open ShopTurn. The variants of technological solutions are compared with each other in the technical-economic evaluation. The pre-cast variant is better for manufacturing more than 50 pieces of the Sugar Bowls.
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Paseka, Petr. "Výroba rotační součásti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241659.
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The master thesis is about creating technological process of production of a rotational part. The specified part is crankshaft and it is a new contract in manufacturing company. The goal is to design a CNC technology and verify the technology in production. There are used turning, milling and drilling methods in the machining process. There is a hexagon presssed in to the part, which requires a special preparation. Production requires the involvement of co-operation for nitriding surface treatment of the shaft. In the end a selling price is determined.
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Matejková, Monika. "Komplexní využití konstrukčních podkladů pro CNC programování turbínových skříní." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229269.
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This thesis aims at designing a solution to the comprehensive use of construction underlying documents for the CNC programming of turbine casings. The introductory part of the thesis contains a description of the CNC programming and CAD/CAM systems. The following is mapping of the current state of the construction underlying documents, and mapping of the situation in the department of technology in Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery, s.r.o., Brno. The further section presents an analysis of the problem that arose when processing and sharing the construction underlying documents with the aim of streamlining the CNC programming process. The closing part presents the evaluation and conclusions for implementation of the proposed solutions.
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Švagera, Pavel. "Možnosti softwaru SinuTrain Operate 2.6 při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230400.
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The master´s thesis demonstrates the SinuTrain Operate 2.6 tools for programming of CNC machine tools. In the first part is done integrating the control system Sinumerik 840D to the most widely used control systems of CNC machine tools and described NC programming methods. The next part of the thesis involves the preparation of technical documentation machined component (front hub on a bicycle) and production design created by using ISCAR company tools. The final part of the thesis is dedicated to creating the NC program and verification of simulation.
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Vaverka, Jiří. "Obrábění součástí v malosériové výrobě s aplikací CNC strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318693.
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The topic of this thesis is the choice of optimal production technology for the chosen representative. The aim of this work is to compare production on conventional machine and on NC and CNC machines. Both variants are evaluated in terms of efficiency, speed and economy of production. Outputs are based on recommended production procedures based on the number of pieces produced in the order.
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Hanuška, Rostislav. "Možnosti systému Sinumerik Operate 4.7 při programování CNC frézovacích center." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378860.
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This diploma thesis is focused on advanced NC programming using macros and user cycles. The first part deals with theory of programming and machining of thin-walled parts. The second part contains practical examples of creating cycles, including their graphical support, for individual thin-wall milling strategies. Everything is explained in detail and work can serve as a guide for programmers or wider professional public.
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Forbelský, Jiří. "Možnosti CAM softwaru NX při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231146.
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The thesis details the NX CAM application and its capabilities in the production of specific shapes on selected components. It includes a selection of machinery, respective tools, together with shanks and clamping cones, as well as selection and verification of the cutting conditions. The process is accompanied by a graphic simulation and complemented by an economic evaluation.
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Olina, Anna. "Možnosti systému Sinumerik 840D při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230333.
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Master’s thesis presents the history and the present-day state of CNC machines and their control systems. This thesis describes both the basics and the advanced methods of programming which can provide the ability to create NC program for Sinumerik 840D to operate. The second part of the thesis deals with the development of the technology to machine the part (the frame of the reduction gear) and corresponding NC program. This program is created by means of the work-step programming (ShopMill). The final verification of the program was provided by means of simulation component of the control system.
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Vencl, Petr. "Výroba hnací hřídele mlecího válce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241906.
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This master’s thesis deals with production of grinding roller driveshaft in Bühler CZ s.r.o. in Žamberk. In the first part the attention is focused on analysis of current technology. Following chapters of thesis are focused on innovations to existing production technology, for example a technological test, CNC programming realization, machine times calculations or creating of technical documentation to ensure production of rotating part. The last chapter of the thesis focuses on economical assessment.
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Santos, Jeferson Rafael Rodrigues dos. "UMA METODOLOGIA PARA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA CNC EM MÁQUINAS SECCIONADORAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8230.
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This work consists in proposing a methodology for the conversion of conventional sectioning machines in CNC equipments. The study is directed to the furniture industry and considers the possibility to outfit this kind of equipment with two programmable motion axes, through the utilization of devices as linear guides activated by engines with positioning accuracy. The system specifies one of the axes for motion and positioning of the plate to be counted, according to the dimensions of the project and other axis for the displacement of the limit sensor of the cutting tool. The technique consists in generating automatically the CNC programs for the adapted machine with data coming from systems of cutting plans generation. This work shows how to implement this technique through CAD application and considers two possibilities of obtaining the Cutting Plan data. On the first case, the sequence of cutting, defined with specialized computer programs, is converted in a drawing on CAD, that after is processed for the generation of the CNC program to the machine. The other alternative is to consider the possibility to implement techniques dedicated to the definition of the cutting arrangement, through CAD routines. In this case, a manual method was purposed with the goal to demonstrate the technique that assumes that the furniture project is virtually defined on CAD through 3D drawing resources. To demonstrate the validity of the methodology were elaborated two virtual projects a kitchen and a bedroom for which were generating the cutting plans with different techniques and their CNC programs. This study shows that the number of patterns produced for cutting planes through the proposed empirical method for a software used is the same. However, note that there is a difference in the occupied area, comparing the use of sheet parts in the software and the empirical method, it would not be feasible due to the sum of surpluses generated a longer period of production.Este trabalho consiste em propor uma metodologia para conversão de máquinas seccionadoras convencionais em equipamentos CNC. O estudo é direcionado à indústria moveleira e considera a possibilidade de equipar esse tipo de equipamento com dois eixos de movimentação programáveis, através da utilização de dispositivos como guias lineares acionadas por motores com precisão de posicionamento. O sistema especifica um dos eixos para movimentação e posicionamento da chapa a ser cortada, conforme dimensões de projeto e outro eixo para deslocamento do sensor de fim de curso da ferramenta de corte. A técnica consiste em gerar automaticamente os programas CNC para a máquina adaptada a partir de dados provenientes de sistemas de geração de planos de corte. O trabalho mostra como implementar essa técnica através de aplicativos CAD e considera duas possibilidades de obtenção dos dados do Plano de Corte. No primeiro caso, a sequência de corte, definida em programas computacionais especializados, é convertida em um desenho do CAD, que posteriormente é processado para a geração do programa CNC para a máquina. A outra alternativa é considerar a possibilidade de implementação de técnicas dedicadas à definição do arranjo do corte, através de rotinas do CAD. Nesse caso, um método empírico foi proposto com o objetivo de demonstrar a técnica, que parte do princípio de que o projeto do móvel esteja virtualmente definido no CAD através de recursos 3D de desenho. Para demonstrar a validade da metodologia, foram elaborados dois projetos virtuais uma cozinha e um quarto para os quais foram gerados os planos de corte por diferentes técnicas e os respectivos programas CNC. O estudo realizado mostra que a quantidade de arranjos gerados para planos de corte através do método empírico proposto em relação a um software utilizado é a mesma. Além disso, nota-se que existe uma diferença de área ocupada, comparando-se o aproveitamento das peças na chapa no software e no método empírico, o mesmo não seria viável devido ao somatório de sobras geradas num período maior de produção.
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Melegari, Luis Fernando. "COMPARAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO ENTRE PROGRAMAS CNC PARAMÉTRICOS E GERADOS POR SISTEMA CAM." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8223.
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The use of CAM system to create tool s trajectories in outline of simple
geometry depends directly of knowledge and ability from user in how to maintain the
information and make use of available riches from these systems. The parametric
program requires a solid knowledge in CN programming and the results referring to
CNC machine s performance are directly connect to the way of programming to
obtain these results. The aim of this study was to develop a practice s analysis
between parametric program and a CAM system in a specific CNC machine, based
on acting time and speed of tool s progress to each programming method. The
counting of time was accomplished through CNC controller, which shows the
execution time of each program from its beginning until receiving or reading the stop
command. The comparison between these programming methods created results
that depend of the programming way, but who receive interference of controller s
technologies recourses to put in action the CNC axis machine. With these testing, it
was possible to demonstrate, by means of parametric programs, an increase of 65%
in performance, when compared to other programming methods.A utilização de sistemas CAM para a geração de trajetórias de ferramenta em contornos de geometria simples depende diretamente do conhecimento e da capacidade do usuário na alimentação das informações e na utilização dos recursos disponíveis desses sistemas. A programação paramétrica exige uma base sólida no conhecimento da programação CN e os resultados que se referem ao desempenho da máquina CNC estão diretamente ligados à forma de programação para a obtenção desses resultados. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma análise de desempenho entre a programação paramétrica e um sistema CAM em uma máquina CNC específica, com base nos tempos de execução e velocidade de avanço da ferramenta para cada método de programação. A contagem de tempo foi realizada através do controlador CNC, que indica o tempo de execução de cada programa a partir do seu início até o recebimento ou leitura do comando de parada. A comparação entre esses métodos de programação gerou resultados que dependem diretamente da forma de programação, mas que recebem interferência dos recursos tecnológicos do controlador para o acionamento dos eixos da máquina CNC. Com essas experimentações, foi possível demonstrar, através de programas paramétricos, um aumento no desempenho em até 65% quando comparado a outros métodos de programação.
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Kubášek, Pavel. "Technologie výroby zápustky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230790.
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The aim of the master´s thesis is to adjust the technology of machining of a die on the CNC lathe so that the total time for the production of a die could be reduced significantly and in this way also the production costs. The analyse of the technology of the machining of the inner part of the die is carried out and a change in the machining of this part is suggested. The new technology is elaborated in two variants when the CAD/CAM system is used for the creation of a programme in a variant and the machining cycles in the other. The technical and economical evaluation is performed at the end of the thesis.
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Oliveira, Leandro Costa de. "Um sistema de geração de trajetórias de ferramentas em 3 eixos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18240.
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A fabricação de peças mecânicas por usinagem tornou-se mais versátil com o uso de máquinas-ferramentas com Comando Numérico Computadorizado. Este recurso permitiu a obtenção de superfícies de geometria mais complexa, extremamente difíceis de se fabricar com máquinas convencionais. A tarefa de escrever os programas CNC para usinar tal geometria também não é fácil, sendo necessário recursos auxiliares para alcançar este objetivo. O embasamento para utilização desta tecnologia passa inicialmente pelos conceitos e fundamentos de máquinas-ferramentas com CNC, programação CNC e modelagem geométrica de superfícies. Na elaboração deste estudo foram analisados vários relatos sobre sistemas de geração de programas CNC, tipos de trajetórias de ferramentas, otimização de programas CNC, reconhecimento de forma e sistemas de simulação e verificação. Desta análise foi estruturada uma estratégia para realização deste trabalho, que trata da implementação de um sistema de geração de programas CNC para máquinas de 3 eixos, destinado a superfícies de forma livre. O software admite modelos de superfícies criadas em um modelador na forma paramétrica Bézier e gera segmentos de programa CNC para usiná-las em duas etapas: desbaste e acabamento. Do modelo paramétrico são geradas duas poligonalizações para estas duas etapas. A primeira, de menor resolução, é usada para a operação de desbaste, para seleção de ferramentas e para determinação das inclinações da superfície, dados necessários para a operação posterior. A segunda, de maior resolução, oferece melhores condições de aproximação da superfície paramétrica e permite a geração da trajetória usada no acabamento. A etapa de desbaste, destinada à remoção do excesso de material da peça, é realizada com uma ferramenta de extremidade cilíndrica trabalhando em vários planos de corte. Cada plano é usinado através de movimentos em ziguezague, e posteriormente faz-se uma trajetória equidistante ao contorno das cavidades ou protrusões existentes. Já a etapa de acabamento, que visa conferir a forma e dimens5o desejadas à peça, é realizada com uma ferramenta de extremidade esférica trabalhando em ziguezague por toda a superfície. Nesta etapa, são determinados espaçamentos diferenciados entre os movimentos da ferramenta, segundo as inclinações da superfície. Desta forma, consegue-se uma redução no número de comandos, sem perder em qualidade. Três casos são apresentados, sendo o primeiro, uma superfície formada por toda cavidade e uma protrusão, o segundo, uma cavidade e o terceiro uma protrusão. O primeiro caso apresenta todos os passos executados nestas etapas consideradas. Os demais apresentam os resultados obtidos. Para verificar o programa CNC gerado foi implementado um simulador que confere o resultado obtido com a superfície modelada na forma paramétrica. Este simulador também tem um funcionamento diferenciado para cada etapa de usinagem e confere uma boa precisão a peça acabada. Os resultados demonstram a eficiência do sistema quanto à sua rapidez e também quanto à forma da peça. Em função das resoluções consideradas nos sistemas de geração e de simulação, encontrou-se um erro entre a superfície paramétrica e a superfície simulada. Conclui-se que a utilização de maior resolução para a geração da trajetória da ferramenta na etapa de acabamento é decisiva para a redução do erro encontrado comparando o modelo paramétrico com a superfície simulada.Manufacturing of mechanical pieces by machining became more versatile with the use of tool machines equipped with Computerized Numerical Control. This resource allows more complex geometry surfaces, which are very difficult of manufacture with conventional machines. Writing of CNC programs for machining such geometry is also not easy, demanding further resources to fulfill this goal. Basics of using this tecnology includes concepts and fundamentals of CNC tool machines, CNC programming and geometrical modeling of surfaces. In this dissertation, it were analysed several reports of CNC tool path generation systems, tool path types, CNC program optimization, form recognition and simulation and verification systems. From this analysis, it was designed a strategy to prepare this dissertation, whose main purpose was to implement a CNC program generation system for 3 axis machines for free-form surfaces. The software admits surface models designed in a modeler using Bezier parametric form and generates segments of CNC programs for machining in two stages: rough and finishing. From the parametric model, two poligonalizations are generated for these stages. The first, of lower resolution, is used for a rough operation, for tools selection and for determination of surface inclinations, which ares necessary data for later operations. The second poligonalization, of greater resolution, offers better conditions of aproximation to the parametric surface and allows the generation of the tool path used in finishing. The rough stage, used to remove excess of material in this piece, is realized with a cylindrical end cutter working in several cutting planes. Every plane is machined in zigzag movements and later is done a tool path with constant offset with the existent cavity or protrusions. The finishing stage, whose goal is to give the desirable form and dimension to the piece, is done with a ball-end cutter, working in zigzag upon the whole surface. In this stage, no equal distances are determined betwen the tool movements according to surface inclinations. Thus, a reduction in the number of commands is obtained without loss of quality. Three cases are presented, where the first one is a surface formed by a cavity and a protrusion, the second one is a cavity, and the third one is a protrusion The first case is completely presented with all the steps. In the others cases, results are given. In order to evaluate the generated CNC program, it was implemented a simulator that checks the results with the modeled surface. This simulator uses different approaches in each stage of machining and gives a good precision to piece finishing. The results demonstrate the system eficiency as to speed, performance and also to form. On account of resolutions considered in the generation system and in simulation, errors were found between the parametric and the simulated surfaces. Comparing the parametric model with the simulated surface, it is clear that the use of greater resolution during the generation of the tool path in the finishing stage is decisive to reduce the errors.
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Castro, Marcelo Hirai. "Processo para obtenção de furos quadrados utilizando máquinas ferramentas CNC com ferramenta em rotação." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264536.
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Orientador: Amauri HassuiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: A inovação é a chave para o diferencial da indústria no mercado competitivo atual. Fazer diferente, melhor e mais barato sempre agrega valor ao produto. Por outro lado, a resistência às mudanças faz parte do comportamento humano, seja na sociedade, ou na indústria. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é estudar a viabilidade de se fazer furos não cilíndricos com uma ferramenta em rotação utilizando máquinas-ferramenta CNC. Estes sempre foram obstáculos na indústria de fabricação pela dificuldade de obtenção. Sendo assim, o processo apresentado nesse trabalho busca usinar um furo quadrado com a mesma configuração de ferramentas e fixação de peças utilizadas para um furo cilíndrico, tão comum à indústria. Isso visa reduzir custos de fabricação e facilitar a obtenção de furos não cilíndricos com os recursos de equipamentos programáveis existentes no chão de fábrica. A partir de um modelo matemático, a máquina é programada para executar movimentos sincronizados entre a rotação e os deslocamentos do eixo da ferramenta. Diversas programações foram testadas em diferentes máquinas ferramenta CNC, com diferentes comandos, com e sem recursos de alta velocidade, com diferentes quantidades de pontos programados, interpolações lineares e circulares. A partir dos experimentos, foram analisadas as configurações das máquinas, a capacidade de execução do controlador numérico instalado, a velocidade desenvolvida pela máquina na operação e a geometria obtida dos furos quadrados. Os experimentos apontam que para executar o furo quadrado, os comandos devem ser capazes de controlar um eixo rotativo como eixo propriamente dito, além de sincronizarem mais três eixos lineares. O crítico para este tipo de operação é a velocidade desempenhada pela máquina, sendo o fator mais significativo, o tempo que o comando precisa para o processamento do bloco de programação, independentemente da ativação de recursos de alta velocidade, interpolações lineares ou circulares. Verificou-se também que quanto maior a quantidade de pontos para compor a trajetória do centro da ferramenta, melhor será a geometria obtida do furo. Sendo assim, as máquinas ferramenta CNC que estão em operação na indústria são capazes de realizar a furação não cilíndrica de forma muito próxima à furação cilíndrica quanto ao tempo de usinagem e ao sistema de fixação da ferramenta e da peça, sendo necessária uma programação sincronizada do eixo spindle presente em toda e qualquer máquina ferramenta
Abstract: The innovation is the key for the differential of the industry on the competitive market nowadays. To make different, better and cheaper always it is worth a lot to the product. By the other side, the resistance to changes makes part of the human behavior, in society, or in the industry. The main goal of this work is to study the feasibility to machining of non-cylindrical holes by a tool in rotation using CNC machine tools. That always has been offering obstacles to manufacturing industry by the difficulty of fabrication. Thus, the process presented on this work will machining a square hole with the same configuration of tools and systems for fixation of the parts, used for a cylindrical drilling, so common to industry. This intends to reduce the costs of fabrication and make easier to get non-cylindrical drilling using resources of the programmable equipment which are working at the shops. From a math model on, the machine is programmed to execute synchronized movements between the rotation and the displacements of the axis of the tool. Different programs were tested in different CNC machine tools, with different controllers, with and no resources for high speed, with different quantity of programmed points, with linear and circular interpolations. From the experiments, it was analyzed the configuration of the machines, the capacity for execution of the controller installed, the speed developed by machine at the operation and the geometry of the square holes. The experiments show that to machine a square hole, the controllers must be able to control a rotating axis itself, beyond to synchronize three axis. The critical to this kind of operation is the speed developed by the machine, being the most significant factor, the time the controller needs to process the block of programming, independently the activation of resources for high speed, linear or circular interpolations. It was verified than as larger the amount of points to compose the trajectory of the center of tool, better will be the geometry of the hole. Thus, the CNC machine tools in operation in the industry are able to machine the non-cylindrical drilling in a way very closely the cylindrical drilling as the time of machining and the fixing system of the tool and parts, requiring a programming that synchronizes the main spindle installed in any machine tool
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Reňák, Antonín. "Návrh nové technologie výroby vybrané součásti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229841.
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The fully fashioned master’s thesis within the frame of the master’s study at the Faculty of mechanical engineering is focused on manufacture problems of complex shaped tool specifically for splitting of wood. In the thesis the concept of construction of the tool is analysed with emphasis on correct and efficient functionality. Large emphasis is laid on the analyse of action of force on the gusset and the analyse of conditions of self-locking. This knowledge is applied to the concept of construction of the tool. In the next part the procedure of manufacture is drafted with specification of suitable tools and machines. Then CNC program is elaborated with using of parametrical programming with mathematical function. Then finally the valuation of theoretical results with real production semiautomatic lathe SPN 12 CNC with operation system Simumerik 810D, SPN 12 CNC.
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Cink, Vladislav. "Možnosti systému Heidenhain při programování obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229353.
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The Description of the control system Heidenhain iTNC 530 and the machine FV 25 CNC A. Detailed analysis of the impact of single programming functions for more effectivity machining by the help of specified machine.
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Morgan, Jolvani. "TÉCNICAS DE SEGMENTAÇÃO DE IMAGENS NA GERAÇÃO DE PROGRAMAS PARA MÁQUINAS DE COMANDO NUMÉRICO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8071.
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This work describes a tool for extraction of features in 2D images applied to industrial automation. The method uses techniques implemented targeting of images into pieces model as detection of edges in the extraction of spatial coordinates of the image and import applications in CAD (Computer-Aided Design) for the generation of programmers for Computer Numerical Control (CNC). This work is to copy a particular model (image) from an
existing object, which features a process of reverse engineering. An initial prototype was developed using the Java language with the Eclipse IDE and library for handling complex images, the API Java Advanced Image (JAI). For the acquisition of parts to be machined, was
prepared an environment of lighting to highlight areas of interest improving the luminance of the same and enabling the application of techniques developed in this prototype. Different operators for detecting edges were exploited in order to implement the best technical and that best represent the real piece. A new technique of targeting the prototype was adapted from the integration of technology Java / MatLab and with the acquisition of images through technical Multi-flash. After the application of different processing techniques, a text file containing the coordinates of the image (piece) is generated and imported into CAD. In the CAD environment, runs calculating the trajectory of the tool that identifies the geometry of the
piece and defines the path of the tool in the generation of CNC program for breeding the same. Results presented and evaluation of the tool demonstrates the feasibility of applying the automated system developed as part of parts to play in numerical control machines.O presente trabalho descreve uma ferramenta para extração de características em imagens 2D aplicado à automação industrial. O método implementado utiliza técnicas de segmentação de imagens em peças modelo, como detecção de bordas, na extração das coordenadas espaciais da imagem e importação em aplicativos CAD (Computer-Aided Design) para a geração de programas de Comando Numérico Computadorizado (CNC). Este trabalho consiste em copiar um determinado modelo (imagem) partindo de um objeto já existente, o que caracteriza um processo de engenharia reversa. Um protótipo inicial foi desenvolvido usando a linguagem Java com o IDE Eclipse e a biblioteca para manipulação de imagens complexas, o API Java Advanced Image (JAI). Para a aquisição das peças a serem usinadas, foi elaborado um ambiente de iluminação a fim de ressaltar áreas de interesse melhorando a luminância das mesmas e viabilizando a aplicação das técnicas desenvolvidas nesse protótipo. Diferentes operadores de detecção de bordas foram explorados, a fim de aplicar a melhor técnica e que melhor representasse a peça real. Uma nova técnica de segmentação foi adaptada ao protótipo, a partir da integração da tecnologia Java/MatLab e com a aquisição de imagens através da técnica Multi-flash. Após a aplicação de diferentes técnicas de processamento, um arquivo texto contendo as coordenadas da imagem (peça) é gerado e importado no CAD. No ambiente CAD, é executado o cálculo da trajetória da ferramenta que identifica a geometria da peça e define o caminho da ferramenta na geração do programa CNC para reprodução da mesma. Resultados apresentados e a avaliação da ferramenta demonstram a viabilidade de aplicação do sistema desenvolvido como parte automatizada para reprodução de peças em máquinas de comando numérico.
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Neri, Giacomo. "Deep neural networks for solving time prediction in mixed-integer linear programming: an experimental study." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
Risolvere alcuni problemi di Mixed-Integer Linear programming (MILP) è ancora una sfida per i solver attuali e può richiedere ore di computazione. Ci sono poche indicazioni a priori su quanto possa essere difficile il problema da risolvere. In pratica, potrebbe essere utile una stima del numero di nodi (tempo di computazione) necessari al branch and bound.
Potrebbe aiutare a capire se il solver sta lavorando bene e magari, attivare degli algoritmi durante la procedura di risoluzione in modo da ottenere performance migliori. Osservando
l’evoluzione di un albero parziale generato durante il branch and bound per un MILP, il nostro obiettivo è quello di predire quanto il problema sia difficile, ovvero quanti nodi mancano alla fine. Predire la difficoltà di un problema tenendo conto della grandezza e della forma dell’albero è una delle aeree in cui il machine learning può avere un sostanziale impatto
pratico nell’ottimizzazione combinatoria. Il nostro dataset include 100000 samples ed è stato realizzato estraendo alberi parzialmente completi durante il processo risolutivo del
branch and bound su 10000 instanze tramite SCIP (Solving Constraint Integer Programs).
Per sviluppare il nostro modello, abbiamo studiato le deep neural networks, in particolare le convolutional e recurrent neural networks comparandole e cercando di ottenere la migliore
combinazione possibile per il nostro scopo. I risultati di questa tesi hanno mostrato che le 1D convolutional neural networks possono essere usate con successo per questi tipi di task
ed avere performance migliori delle recurrent networks. Questa scoperta, inoltre, mostra che le 1D CNN sono molto efficienti per fare time series prediction, il quale è un campo dove di solito le RNN non hanno rivali. Quest'ultima osservazione potrebbe essere molto promettente considerando che le 1D CNN sono meno complesse e più veloci rispetto alle RNN.
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Coutinho, Lincoln Figueira Marins. "Desenvolvimento de instrumentação dedicada a cromatografia líquida capilar (cLC)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-05122008-171742/.
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Desde que foi introduzida por Tswett no começo do século XX, a cromatografia vem sofrendo contínuos avanços. Entretanto, a miniaturização da cromatografia líquida, apesar de seu inicio promissor, ainda continua bastante lenta e até o presente não alcançou ampla difusão, sendo que o número de grupos trabalhando nesta área é ainda bastante restrito. O motivo deste lento avanço se encontrava na dificuldade em se desenvolver equipamentos adequados, colunas apropriadas e sistemas de tratamento de dados suficientemente rápidos para os sistemas miniaturizados. Apesar de muitos desses problemas atualmente serem de fácil resolução, ainda não se dispõe de equipamentos comercialmente disponíveis que supram satisfatoriamente às condições impostas pelas micro-colunas. Tal carência deve ser suprida antes de nos beneficiarmos de todas as vantagens intrínsecas à miniaturização da cromatografia líquida. Deste modo, o presente projeto visa o desenvolvimento de instrumentação totalmente dedicada aos sistemas miniaturizados de cromatografia líquida incluindo o desenvolvimento de uma bomba de alta pressão, um sistema de injeção a base de tempo, um forno capaz de realizar programação de temperatura e o software de controle dos mesmos. Os equipamentos desenvolvidos foram então aplicados em separações de estatinas demonstrando um excelente desempenho.Since the chromatography was introduced by Tswett, in the beginning of the 20th century, the technique has suffered a constant progress. However, the miniaturization of liquid chromatography, instead of its promising start, it is still too slow and this technique has not reached a wide divulgation so far. It is important to mention that the number of groups working in this area is very limited yet. The reason of this slow progress was due to the difficulty in developing suitable equipments, appropriated columns and data treatment systems that are quick enough for the miniaturized systems. Currently, many of these problems are easy to be solved, however, there are no equipments available commercially that supply the conditions imposed by microcolumns satisfactorily. Such lack should be filled before benefiting from all the advantages concerned to the miniaturization of liquid chromatography. In this way, this study aims at the development of instrumentation totally dedicated to the miniaturized systems of liquid chromatography, including the development of a high pressure pump, an time-based injector, an oven that sets the temperature programming and the software that can control all these devices. The developed equipments were then applied in the separation of statins, demonstrating an excellent performance.
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Silva, Nishala Iroshini. "LEARNING STYLES, DEMOGRAPHICS, AND ACHIEVEMENT OF NURSING ASSISTANT STUDENTS IN ILLINOIS: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP?" OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/972.
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The relationship between learning styles and achievement has been thoroughly studied by many researchers. However, the nursing assistant population is under represented in these studies. Hence, the purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between learning styles, demographics, and achievement of nursing assistant students in Illinois. The sample for the study consisted of 916 nursing assistant students' in Illinois. The VARK learning style inventory was used to measure the students' learning styles, and a demographic questionnaire was used to gather demographic data. The Illinois Nurse Aide Competency Test score was used to measure the achievement of students. The findings showed that there was a relationship between learning styles and achievement of nursing assistant students. Also, there was a relationship between demographics and learning styles. The dominant learning style was the multimodal all four (VARK) preference. Females were the highest representation in the sample and the majority of students were in age ranges 18-25.
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Renholm, Filip, Fredrik Möller, Isak Jansson, Klara Gustafsson, Lara Leo Johansson, Eriksson Linus Bodeström, Ludwig Thaung, and Vendela Egondotter. "CodeBuddy : Development of a programming assistance marketplace as a web application." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148726.
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According to a study at Linköping University, students who study programming need additional assistance beyond the help provided in the course. According to the same survey, the majority of these students indicate that they would pay for private tuition in programming. At the same time, there are students who believe they have the competence to teach others in programming and could consider of doing this against financial compensation. To meet these needs of students, a solution tested in this thesis resulted in the development of a web application to create a C2C platform where students can meet up to exchange knowledge within programming. The development of the web application is varied by design and functionality substantiated by scientific theories. During the project, user testing is performed to get opinions from the potential target group. The work mainly focuses on answering the research questions regardingconsumer trust of the web application’s design. The report shows that it is possible to develop a web application according to the above criteria.
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Schwartz, Mallory. "War on the Air: CBC-TV and Canada’s Military, 1952-1992." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30345.
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From the earliest days of English-language Canadian Broadcasting Corporation television (CBC-TV), the military has been regularly featured on the news, public affairs, documentary, and drama programs. Little has been done to study these programs, despite calls for more research and many decades of work on the methods for the historical analysis of television. In addressing this gap, this thesis explores: how media representations of the military on CBC-TV (commemorative, history, public affairs and news programs) changed over time; what accounted for those changes; what they revealed about CBC-TV; and what they suggested about the way the military and its relationship with CBC-TV evolved. Through a material culture analysis of 245 programs/series about the Canadian military, veterans and defence issues that aired on CBC-TV over a 40-year period, beginning with its establishment in 1952, this thesis argues that the conditions surrounding each production were affected by a variety of factors, namely: (1) technology; (2) foreign broadcasters; (3) foreign sources of news; (4) the influence of the military and its veterans; (5) audience response; (6) the role played by personalities involved in the production of CBC-TV programs; (7) policies/objectives/regulations set by the CBC, the Board of Broadcast Governors and the Canadian Radio-Television Commission (later, Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission); (8) ambitions for program development and the changing objectives of departments within the CBC; (9) economic constraints at the CBC; (10) CBC-TV’s relations with the other producers of Canadian television programming, like the NFB; and, (11) broader changes to the Canadian social, economic, political and cultural scenes, along with shifts in historiography. At different times, certain of these conditions were more important than others, the unique combination of which had unpredictable results for programming. The thesis traces these changes chronologically, explaining CBC-TV’s evolution from transmitting largely uncritical and often positive programming in the early 1950s, to obsession with the horrors of war and questioning of the military’s preparedness by decade’s end, to new debate about the future of the forces and the memory of war in the 1960s, to a complex mixture of activism, criticism and praise in the 1970s and 1980s, and, finally, to controversy and iconoclasm by the 1990s.
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Almeida, Sergio Luis Rabelo de. "Modulo computacional, baseado em redes neurais, para a força de corte e para a rugosidade, em torneamento." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264227.
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Orientador: Olivio NovaskiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Os softwares CAM existentes hoje no mercado permitem facilmente automatizar a geração de programas em linguagem CNC a partir de um modelo CAD. As trajetórias da ferramenta são calculadas respeitando-se a geometria final da peça. No entanto, estes programas, em geral, não disponibilizam recursos para corretamente estimar os parâmetros de usinagem (velocidade de corte, avanço, profundidade de usinagem), bem como sua influência em grandezas relevantes ao processo, como a força de corte e a rugosidade. Cria-se, assim, um descompasso com a realidade fisica do processo. Adicionalmente, tais programas não foram desenvolvidos com abordagem didática, possuindo pré-requisitos (interface CAD, domínio de idioma estrangeiro etc.) que dificultam ao estudante o fácil aprendizado de processos de usinagem a CNC. Este trabalho busca então abordar estes problemas vivenciados por escolas técnicas, desenvolvendo um módulo computacional, acoplado a um software CNC didático comercial para torneamento, que permita a predição de esforços de usinagem e rugosidade em tempo de programação CNC. Optou-se pela técnica da rede neural como núcleo, uma vez que permite aproximações bastante satisfatórias do processo de torneamento. Os resultados indicam que os modelos de rede neurais adotados (perceptron multi-camadas e função de base radial) aproximam de forma satisfatória o comportamento da força de corte e rugosidade, em função dos parâmetros de usinagem escolhidos (velocidade de corte, avanço e profundidade de corte) em uma série de casos de uso, utilizando-se o módulo computacional desenvolvido
Abstract: The majority of CAM software in the market allows the user to easily create the CNC program through CAD models. The tool paths are ca1culated in respect to the final piece geometry. However, these software do not permit, as part of their functionality, to estimate the cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed and depth of cut), as well as their influence in process variables such as cutting force and roughness. There is, in that sense, a gap between the geometrical and physical scenario of the machining process. Additionally, such software were not developed with didactical requirements, which makes difficult to the students the learning of the machining concepts using the CNC technology. The CAD and the foreign language interface are examples of such fact. This work targets to approach these remarks which are particularly common among the Technical Schools, developing a computational module, embedded in a commercial CNC didactic software, capable of predicting cutting forces (in roughing) and surface roughness (in finishing) at programming time. It was used a neural network technique as the base core, since it allows good estimative of turning process. The results indicate that the ANN topologies (Multilayer Perpectron and Radial Basis function) correlate satisfactorily with the experimental behavior of the cutting force and roughness regarding the input parameters chosen (cutting speed, feed and depth of cut) for different cases using the software prototype
Doutorado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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Bosello, Michael. "Integrating BDI and Reinforcement Learning: the Case Study of Autonomous Driving." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21467/.
Full textAbstract:
Recent breakthroughs in machine learning are paving the way to the vision of software 2.0 era, which foresees the replacement of traditional software development with such techniques for many applications. In the context of agent-oriented programming, we believe that mixing together cognitive architectures like the BDI one and learning techniques could trigger new interesting scenarios. In that view, our previous work presents Jason-RL, a framework that integrates BDI agents and Reinforcement Learning (RL) more deeply than what has been already proposed so far in the literature. The framework allows the development of BDI agents having both explicitly programmed plans and plans learned by the agent using RL. The two kinds of plans are seamlessly integrated and can be used without differences. Here, we take autonomous driving as a case study to verify the advantages of the proposed approach and framework. The BDI agent has hard-coded plans that define high-level directions while fine-grained navigation is learned by trial and error. This approach – compared to plain RL – is encouraging as RL struggles in temporally extended planning. We defined and trained an agent able to drive in a track with an intersection, at which it has to choose the correct path to reach the assigned target. A first step towards porting the system in the real-world has been done by building a 1/10 scale racecar prototype which learned how to drive in a simple track.
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Abdelkhalek, Sherif Mahmoud Mohamed. "A New Approach to CNC Programming of Plunge Milling." Thesis, 2013. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977753/1/Abdelkhalek_PhD_F2013.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
A New Approach to CNC Programming of Plunge Milling
Sherif Abdelkhalek, PhD.
Concordia University, 2013.
In current industrial applications many engineering parts are made of hard materials including dies, mold cavities and aerospace parts. Manufacturing these types of parts is classified as pocket milling. By using the regular machining methods, pocket milling takes a long time accompanied by high cost. Plunge milling, is a new machining strategy that has proven to have an excellent performance in the rough machining of hard materials. In plunge milling, the cutter is fed in the direction of the spindle axis, with the highest structural rigidity which showed a very interesting performance in removing the excess material rapidly in the rough operations. Mainly, according to the previous researchers, two directions are adopted to improve the efficiency of the plunge milling process. First, to reduce the cutting forces and increase chatter stability which attracts the majority of the researchers. Second, to optimize the tool path planning which has less attention.
Therefore, in the first part of the research, a new practical approach is established in optimized procedures to generate the tool paths for plunge milling of pockets, even for these with free-form boundaries and islands. This innovative approach is proposed as follows: (1) fill a pocket with minimum number of specified radii circles which are tangent to each other and/or the pocket boundary without overlapping by building an algorithm using the maximum hole degree (MHD) theory for solving the circle packing problem. (2) cover the areas left between the non-overlapped circles by the same used specified radii. Finally, solve the travelling sales man problem (TSP) for the circles with the same radii by using the simulated annealing algorithm. According to the results, this approach significantly advances the tool path planning technique for pockets plunge milling.
In the second part of the research, a new algorithm is proposed to calculate the global solution for constraint polynomial functions by using subtractive clustering which makes the results more accurate and faster to be obtained. This part is extremely useful to calculate the depth of cut for each plunging place in case of having a polynomial surface as a bottom of the machined pocket with high accuracy, and less calculation time to avoid gauging between the tool and the bottom surface.
The polynomial function can be classified according to the number of variables. In the proposed research, the functions with one and two variables have more importance because they graphically represent curves and surfaces which are the cases under study. Since the polynomial function under study can be represented graphically according to the number of the variables, the change in the function’s shape can be detected by the feature recognition. The feature recognition is done for the function’s shape by calculating the surface or curve curvature at the data points. The main procedure is; (1) identifying the entire features of the objective function which are classified according to the curvature as convex, concave, plane, and hyperbolic, (2) applying the sub-clustering technique for convex and concave regions to find the approximated centers of these regions, and eventually, (3) the clusters’ centers are calculated and used as initial points for local optimization technique which gives the local critical point for each region. The local minima are calculated, the global minimum is the minimum of the local minima.
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Sun, Fu-Hung, and 孫福宏. "The Study of Programming Frequency for CNC Machine Tools." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72037511709814717147.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
企業管理系
101
The manufacturing achieve automated, flexible and integrated production are based on technology of CNC (Computer Numerical Control).The main application is to improve product quality and manufacturing labor productivity are essential elements. Current labor market appears serious talent shortage of CNC. Enterprises pay high-salaried also difficult to recruit high-quality CNC mechanic. NC severe shortage of talent into the industry issues of common concern. Not only in Taiwan, is mainland China also true. In the operation of CNC machine tool, G/M code comment is the language for communication to the controller, this skill is base on programming, also is the basic condition for the operator of CNC machine tool, the learning source comes from the school, the professional training center and company training course etc. There are about 90 G/M code comment, but not all comments will be of use; therefore, through questionnaires to find the situation of application for experienced CNC operators in Taiwan and China. Classification out the range for most common and second common are used. By providing this information to the related units, the learners can follow a classification for learning by step-by-step to shorten the learning time. CNC technology based on the findings source of learning, 44% under investigation by the company's own training school, only 15%, so that the results of some of the gap between schools and industry, CNC machine toolslack of equipment, or curriculum, can go further into the problem. In addition, this study holds the CNC licenses survey results up to 75.2% of the respondents did not have a license. Certification system is a purposive planning, industry recognized certification is not very seriously, licensepromotion and industries combined will have real meaning, so that holders of licenses in the company's appointment and salary with better protection, it will not let the research according to flow on an accruals basis.
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DUC, NGUYEN VAN, and 阮文德. "Calculation of tool nose radius compensation in CNC lathe programming." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81087043628796197163.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
模具工程系碩士班
96
The taper cutting and the arc of a circle cutting in NC lathes programming is an important issue due to the errors induced by the nose radius of the lathes tool. There is no tool with a vanished radius that is matched to the path of tool. Practically, the simulation path in NC lathes is based on a tool without nose radius; however, the dimension of the nose radius is existed in the manufacturing process. For illustration, the compensation of the error is needed when an arc of a circle or an arc of a taper is encounter. The value of the compensation is needed to be calculate in the process of NC programming. The proposed algorithm is extracted the geometry in the area of the excess materials and leads to calculate the value of the compensation of the tool. The result shows that the error caused by the nose radius of the tool in the taper cutting and in the arc of the circle cutting by NC lathes programming can be eliminated.
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Tong, Khac-toan, and 童克全. "The calculated tool nose radius compensation in the CNC lathe programming." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88375446684832822841.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
機械與自動化工程學系碩士班
98
For the purpose to acquire the value of the tool nose radius more accurately and conveniently, it was presented here that, taking into accounting of geometric figure and size of tool nose, tool wear and contacting condition between the tool and workpiece, the tool nose compensation radius should be replaced by the needed tool nose compensation radius in CNC lathe programming. The tool cutting taper or even a chamfer, the needed tool nose compensation radius could be surveyed accurately after measuring the dimension of the workpiece surfaces. Experimental tests carried out indicate that the proposed measurement technique is more accurate and reliable for radius compensating than the past method in finish turning taper or free-form surfaces and machining efficiency can be enhanced effectively.
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Wasif, Muhammad. "A new approach to CNC programming for accurate multi-axis face-milling of hypoid gears." Thesis, 2012. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977263/4/Wasif_PhD_S2013.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
A pair of hypoid gears refers to a pinion and a gear with skew axes. Hypoid gears are crucial to some power transmission systems, such as those of helicopters, power generation machines and automobiles. However, the design and manufacturing of hypoid gears are quite difficult. Currently, the major parameters of hypoid gears are calculated, but the geometries of the gears are not fully defined. To machine a hypoid gear, parameters of cutting systems are determined according to the gear design, whereas, settings of CNC machine tools with the machining parameters are also computed. The existing hypoid gears machining methods use the simplified blade model of the cutting systems, resulting in large errors in the machined gears. This new work proposes an accurate approach, to determine the parameters of the cutting system blades, for the face-milling of hypoid gears. In this work, a parametric model of the blades is established; and according to the hypoid gear parameters, the pressure angle and the cutting system radius are precisely calculated.
Currently, hypoid gear engineers can use special CAD/CAM software to design the gears and to calculate machine settings. Unfortunately, these software are developed only for particular machine tools; it cannot be used for hypoid gear machine tools of different configurations. Moreover, few technical articles has been published to clearly address challenges in the CNC programming and post-processing for the multi-axis face-milling of hypoid gears, such as the parameters determination of a cutter system, its location and orientation calculation and CNC programs generation. To solve the current problems, another part of this research proposes a generic approach to CNC programming and post-processing for gear face-milling. The main contributions of this part includes (1) a new mathematical model to calculate the cutter system location and orientation and (2) a generic post-processing method to establish the machine kinematics chain and to compute the coordinates of the machine axes in face-milling. This approach provides a general and accurate methodology for the face-milling of hypoid gears on any machine tools and can be directly applied to the hypoid gear manufacturing for better quality.
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Hill, Mark Jeffrey. "The networking of NC and CNC machines to facilitate the electronic transfer of CAD/CAM data." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16785.
Full text
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Juang, Sheng-Chau, and 莊勝超. "A Performance Analysis Tool for CCC Parallel Programming Language." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95718623774884938522.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
92
CCC is a high-level parallel programming language that supports both data parallelism and task parallelism. In CCC, data parallelism is specified in single-instruction-multiple-data model, while task parallelism is specified in multiple-instruction-multiple-data model. In CCC, task parallelism supports both message passing communication abstraction and shared variables synchronization abstraction. This thesis describes the design and implementation of a performance analysis tool for CCC. Performance analysis includes performance instrumentation and performance visualization. Performance instrumentation involves statically inserting performance event trace functions into the programs and dynamically measures and records the collected performance events. Performance visualization analyzes the performance event data files and presents both numerical performance statistics and graphical performance visualization. The information provided by this tool can significantly help programmers understand the performance behaviors of parallel CCC programs.
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Song, Fengguang. "Cnj : subtitle a visual programming environment for constraint nets." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13068.
Full textAbstract:
The Constraint Nets model (CN) proves to be useful for a wide variety of purposes,
ranging from intelligent agent systems, and real-time embedded systems, to integrated
hybrid systems with various time structures: discrete, continuous, and time-based. This
thesis describes a new visual programming environment called CNJ (Constraint Nets in
Java) which utilizes component-based technology.
CNJ uses JavaBeans, Bean Introspection, drag-and-drop, and Java Swing MDI
(Multiple Document Interface) technologies, as well as XML-based CNML as its
standard interchange format. The environment supports constraint net modeling,
simulation, and animation for hybrid systems. Furthermore, it provides support for a topdown
design, middle-out design, and bottom-up design where the module bean can be
reused anywhere in any other CN model, saving designers time and effort. As an
experiment, a hybrid dynamic elevator system is developed successfully, and test results
confirm the effectiveness of the tool for hybrid system modeling and real-time
simulation.
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Chang, Cheng-Ming, and 張正銘. "A retargetable Compiler of CCC Data Parallel Programming Language." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46172744301668460477.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
89
Programming in parallel is usually much more difficult than programming in serial. Hence, providing a high-level parallel programming language become very crucial. The high-level parallel programming language CCC is a simple extension of C. CCC has three salient features for providing a virtual computing environment to support data parallel programming: virtual processors, synchronous execution, and global name space. In principle, CCC can provide better productivity than low-level communication libraries such as MPI and PVM, and can produce more efficient code than implicit parallel programming languages such HPF and HPC++. The three salient features of CCC relieve programmers from specifying most of machine-dependent details. The mapping from the virtual computing environment to the physical computing environment is handled by the compiler. This mapping consists of two parts: emulator of virtual processors, and code generation. The emulator from virtual processors depends only on the number of processors in the physical computing environment, and is implemented as a source-to-source transformation. This implementation allows this emulation almost machine-independent. Most machine-dependent codes are in code generation. This organization makes our compiler highly retargetable.
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Oliveira, Hugo Miguel Lopes de. "Development, programming and start-up of an interchangeable 3D-printing module." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/3254.
Full textAbstract:
This report has as main objective the development and application of a 3D printing module (additive manufacturing) in a computer numeric control (CNC) milling machine (subtractive manufacturing) creating a hybrid manufacturing environment that could offer the advantages of both methods. Every CNC milling machine using this 3D printing module could be converted in a 3D printer by changing from a regular tool to the 3D printing module which is applied in the spindle of the machine in a very simple process. This module is equipped with a system capable of reading the spindle rotation speed, and uses that information to set up different commands and actions.
Focused in the development of a low-cost system, there is used an Arduino board to control all the systems needed to work with the module. Most of the parts of the module are printed in a 3D printer that uses the stereolithograph technology, being able to create parts with complex shapes, high precision and good surface finishing.
The experimental results obtained in the first tests were not as expected. Many problems that haven’t been taken in consideration when the initial development of the module was done. Many solutions were found and some corrections were done to eliminate or minimize those problems.
The temperature control system and the revolutions per minute reading system shown very good results in the experimental tests.
The biggest issue faced was related with filament feeding system. Many structural modifications were implemented to improve it, with better performance, obtaining acceptable final results, however with significant possibilities for improvement.
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Rababah, Mahmoud. "A Practical and Optimal Approach to CNC Programming for Five-Axis Grinding of the End-Mill Flutes." Thesis, 2011. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/35947/1/Rababah_PhD_F2011.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
For a solid carbide tapered end-mill, every flute includes a flute surface and a rake face along a helical side cutting edge, and the end-mill core is at the center and is tangent to all the flutes. The flutes significantly affect the tools cutting performance and life, and the core radius mainly affects the tools rigidity. Mainly, two methods are adopted in industry to grind the flutes; these are: the direct method and the inverse method. In the direct method, a flute is ground using a standard grinding-wheel moving in multi-axis machining to generate the rake face and the flute surface. However, the flute is the natural outcome of the grinding process without any control. On the other side, the inverse method employs the concept of inverse engineering to build a grinding-wheel that accurately grinds the end-mill flutes. This yields a free-form grinding-wheel profile that is used on a 2-axis grinding machine; however, the flute shapes are only exact on one section of the end-mill; when the grinding-wheel moves along the side cutting edge to smaller sections; the deviation of the generated flute from the designed one will be increased. Thus, neither can this method grind the rake face with the prescribed normal rake angle, nor generate the side cutting edge in good agreement with its design. Moreover, the grinding-wheel profile is very difficult and expensive to make.
To address these problems, a practical and optimal approach for five-axis grinding of prescribed end-mill flutes is proposed by; first, establishing a 5-axis flute grinding theory describing the wheels locations and orientations during grinding the rake faces with constant normal rake angles; Second, introducing a simple grinding-wheel consisting of lines and circular arcs; and finally, applying an optimization algorithm to optimize the grinding-wheel shape and path. Overall, this approach significantly advances the CNC programming technique for the 5-axis flute grinding, and can substantially increase the quality of the solid carbide end-mills and lays a good foundation for the CAD/CAE/CAM of end-mills. The advantages of this approach over the other approaches are verified using computer simulation.
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TETOUR, Milan. "Řízení CNC obráběcích strojů se zaměřením na obráběcí centrum TMV - 510CII." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-253066.
Full textAbstract:
The introduction of this thesis describes the methods for programming CNC machines and their usage in the industry. The next section compares the CNC machine control systems, general programming principles and the current use of shop-oriented programming WOP (workshop oriented programming) machining. Then the thesis describes a TMV 510CII machine and its operation, setting, practical advices and examples of the Fanuc Guide-i control system by Fanuc company. In the final part a practical demonstration of the CNC machining program for the production of the sample parts on the above machine is given.
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Cai, Jia-hong, and 蔡佳宏. "A STUDY ON THE NC PROGRAMMING OF A ON-MACHINE SCANNING MEASUREMENT ON THE FIVE-AXIS CNC GEAR PROFILE GRINDING MACHINE." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59mxnr.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
99
During the large-size gear manufacturing by form grinding, the actual tooth surfaces will be different from the theoretical tooth surfaces because of the clamping fixture, machine error, and force or heat deflection. Therefore, the gear tooth deviation should be measured and then the flank correction is implemented based on the gear tooth deviation to improve the precision of gear. In domestic gear industry, most gears are off-machine measurement after manufacturing, but the errors and the time-consuming between loading and unloading will reduce the precision of gear and the efficiency of production. For this reason, we develop the on-machine measurement and the precision evaluation software for cylindrical gear on the five-axis CNC gear profile grinding machine. It can immediately measure the gear tooth deviation on-machine after grinding, calculate the values of gear tooth deviation, draw the figures of deviation curve, and evaluate the accuracy grades of gear tooth. In addition, this evaluation result can be the foundation for the follow-up research about closed-loop flank correction technology. Here, the scanning measurement is implemented on this on-machine measurement to increase the speed and the precision of measurement, and the developed measuring processes include (1) the flank deviation, (2) the lead deviation, (3) the pitch deviation, and (4) the flank topographic deviation. In this thesis, the definitions of gear tooth deviation are referred to Germany and American national standards, the NC programming is referred to the measuring paths of Klingelnberg P40 gear measuring center, and the mathematical models for position of measuring probe are also derived based on the theoretical involute curve. We use Visual Basic 2008 as a tool to develop the evaluation software for gear tooth accuracy. Finally, we use the 3-D virtual reality NC path simulation and collision detection system, which are developed by Chin-Yu Chang in the precision transmission laboratory of NTUST, to simulate the NC codes of on-machine measurement. The mathematical model for the position of the measuring probe derived in this thesis is verified by the result of simulation.
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Joong, Kenneth. "Implementation of Roller Blind, Pleated Drape and Insect Screen Models into the CFC Module of the ESP-r Building Energy Simulation Tool." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6199.
Full textAbstract:
The concern of increasing energy consumption with depleting energy resources is ever growing. Though the solution to this problem lies in part in renewable energies, it is becoming increasingly clear that sustainable building design also plays a critical role. Controlling solar gain, for example, can greatly reduce the cooling energy consumption and lowering the peak cooling load. Having the ability to model these effects can have a substantial impact on the sizing of equipment and further reduce operational costs of a building. As a result, renewed interest has been invested by researchers and industry to promote the development and use of building simulation tools to aid in the design process.
Efforts at the University of Waterloo’s Advanced Glazing Systems Laboratory have resulted in a set of shading device models, with emphasis on generality and computational efficiency, tailored for use in building simulation. These models have been validated with measurements at the component level and with measurements performed at the National Solar Test Facility (NSTF) on a full scale window system, giving confidence to model validity. Continued research has resulted in the integration of these shading device models into ESP-r via the Complex Fenestration Construction (CFC) module, capable of modelling multi-layer glazing and shading layer systems and greatly improving the value of ESP-r as a design tool.
The objective of the current research was to implement shading device models for roller blinds, pleated drapes and insect screens to the CFC module. These would be in addition to the venetian blind model which had previously been established. A Monte-Carlo ray tracing analysis of pleated drape geometry and incident angle dependent fabric characteristics gave further confidence to the view factor or net reduction method used by the implemented models. On model implementation, a preliminary comparison was performed between a high-slat angle venetian blind, a roller drape and drapery fabric, all given the same material properties, with similar results. Further comparison was then performed using EnergyPlus shading device models to establish further confidence in the functionality of the models. Though there was some discrepancy between the results, primarily due to convective models, good agreement was found, and the effect of the shading device models on building performance was demonstrated.
The successful implementation of roller blind, pleated drape and insect screen shading models to the CFC module in ESP-r has been demonstrated in the current research. It should also be noted that the convective models for indoor shading attachments is a worthwhile topic for further research, at which point it would then be beneficial to conduct further empirical validation on the ESP-r simulation.