Relevant bibliographies by topics / CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis"

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Koenig, Jack L. "Practical polymer analysis." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 14, no. 2 (February 1995): XV—XVI. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-9936(95)90024-1.

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Izunobi, Josephat U., and Clement L. Higginbotham. "Polymer Molecular Weight Analysis by1H NMR Spectroscopy." Journal of Chemical Education 88, no. 8 (August 2011): 1098–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed100461v.

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Delgado-Macuil, R., M. Rojas-López, V. L. Gayou, A. Orduña-Díaz, and J. Díaz-Reyes. "ATR spectroscopy applied to photochromic polymer analysis." Materials Characterization 58, no. 8-9 (August 2007): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2006.12.003.

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Klopffer, Marie-Hélène, Liliane Bokobza, and Lucien Monnerie. "Analysis of polymer mobility by fluorescence spectroscopy." Macromolecular Symposia 119, no. 1 (July 1997): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19971190112.

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Fouquet, Thierry N. J. "The Kendrick analysis for polymer mass spectrometry." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 54, no. 12 (December 2019): 933–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.4480.

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Fouquet, Thierry N. J. "The Kendrick analysis for polymer mass spectrometry." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 54, no. 12 (December 2019): ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.4247.

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DeThomas, Frank, Paul Brimmer, and Stephen Monfre. "Analysis of Polymer Pellets by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." NIR news 2, no. 3 (June 1991): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.55.

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Shaki, Hanieh, Alireza Khosravi, and Kamaladin Gharanjig. "Novel self-coloured polymers based on new fluorescent naphthalimide derivatives: synthesis, characterisation and photophysical properties." Pigment & Resin Technology 46, no. 3 (May 2, 2017): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2016-0080.

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Purpose In this study, two novel fluorescent dyes, based on naphthalimide derivatives have been synthesised from acenaphthene as a starting material. The ability of the dyes to graft to polymer chain was then demonstrated. The novel synthesised dyes and self-coloured polymers were characterised by a variety of techniques. Design/methodology/approach The novel dyes were prepared through by halogenation, oxidation, imidation and amination reactions. All steps of these processes were monitored by thin layer chromatography. The fluorescent dyes and their intermediates were characterised by differential scanning calorimeter, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13-CNMR) spectroscopic techniques. The molar extinction coefficients and absorption maximum wavelength were obtained by examining the dyes and polymer solutions in Dimethylformamide (DMF) and toluene solvents. The fluorescency of novel dyes and self-coloured polymers was evaluated. Their quantum yields and Stokes shift values were determined as DMF and toluene solutions. The percentage of the covalently bounded dyes into the polymer chain was calculated. Findings The characterisation of the synthesised dyes and self-coloured polymers verified their structural correctness. The results of reaction dyes with resin demonstrated that the dyes were covalently bonded to the chain of an acrylic polymer (resin) containing carboxylic acid groups giving self-coloured polymers. The extent of fluorescence of the synthesised dyes and their polymers showed that compounds containing functional amino group in C-4 position of naphthalimide ring have high fluorescence properties. Originality/value This study is original. Self-coloured polymers based on acrylic were synthesised by novel naphthalimide dyes with acrylic resin for the first time, successfully. The novel dyes and their self-coloured polymers exhibit good and acceptable fluorescent activity.
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McFarland, Coleen A., Jack L. Koenig, and John L. West. "Analysis of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals by Infrared Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 3 (March 1993): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934066686.

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FT-IR microspectroscopy is used to compare the polymer and liquid crystal droplet regions within polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films. Thermoplastic polymer matrix PDLCs contain a higher amount of liquid crystal within the polymer regions than do thermoset polymer matrix films. IR functional group images of a droplet show characteristic textures corresponding to the visual images of the same droplet. The textures in the IR images change with IR polarization and with an applied electric field. Analysis by conventional IR spectroscopy shows that the C=N and the pentyl CH2 groups require an equivalent voltage to switch in the IR region. However, the phenyl C=C group does not exhibit changes under the same voltage conditions. Hysteresis also is seen in the infrared region as a function of voltage and temperature.
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Jones, E. G., D. L. Pedrick, and I. J. Goldfarb. "Application of thermogravimetric-mass spectroscopy analysis for polymer characterization." Polymer Engineering and Science 28, no. 16 (August 1988): 1046–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760281606.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis"

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Shmelin, George. "A new rheological polymer based on boron siloxane cross-linked by isocyanate groups." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/13901.

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The research described in this thesis originated from an idea to develop new body protection for the sport of fencing. The ultimate goal is to develop body armour which would be flexible, wearable, washable, light and breathable, offer protection from injuries and cover the entire body of a sportsman. A new material which exhibits shear thickening behaviour has been specially developed for this purpose in the process of this investigation. The material was designed and synthesised as a soft polymeric system which is flexible, chemically stable and able to increase the value of its modulus of elasticity upon impact at a high strain rate, while remaining in its soft gel-like elastomeric state when low strain rate deformation is applied. The polymeric system that has been developed is based on interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPN) of immiscible polyurethane/urea-ester/ether and poly(boron)n(dimethylsiloxane)m (where on average m ≈ 16 n). In addition, as the polydimethylsilane (PDMS) based polymeric system strongly tends to phase separation, the siloxane polymeric network was chemically cross-linked to the polyurethane polymeric network through polyurethane chemical cross-link-bridges. In order to introduce polyurethane cross-links to a siloxane-based polymeric network, some of the attached methyl groups in the PDMS polymeric backbone were substituted by ε-pentanol groups. The resulting polymeric system combines properties of an alternating copolymer with IPN. The actual substitution of the methyl groups of PDMS into alternating ε-pentanol groups was performed by Grignard reaction of trifunctional chlorosilane monomers, magnesium and 1,5-dibromopentane. Chemical analytical techniques like FT-IR, 13C NMR and 1H NMR spectroscopy were used to reveal the chemical structure of the synthesised polymeric network. The mechanical and dynamical properties of the obtained polymeric system were analysed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). This part of the investigation indicated that the novel polymeric system exhibited shear thickening behaviour, but only at a narrow diapason of deformations (i.e., deformations between 2 to 3 % of the length of the sample). At this limited diapason of deformation an effective increase of the modulus of elasticity from 6 MPa (at lower frequencies, i.e., up to ≤6 Hz of the applied oscillating stress) to 65 MPa (at frequencies between 12.5 to 25 Hz) was obtained. However, no increase in the modulus of elasticity was recorded at deformations below 1.5 % or above 3.5 % of length of the sample at the same frequencies (0 to 25Hz) of the applied oscillating stress.
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Markwort, Lars. "New assessment of Raman spectroscopy as an analytical tool." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262016.

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Balogun, Emmanuel O. "Comparative analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29764.

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Per-Fluoro-Sulphonic-Acid (PFSA) ionomers have been singled out as the preferable ionomers for making the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) membranes owing to their extensive intrinsic chemical stability and super sulfonic acid strength which is core to the PEMFC proton conductivity. This thesis presents a deeper analysis into these PFSA ionomer membrane electrode assemblies (MEA), presenting an electrochemical-analytical comparative analysis of the two basic types, which are the Long-Side-Chain (LSC) Nafion® and the ShortSide-Chain (SSC) Aquivion® ionomer MEA with emphasis on performance and durability which are currently not well understood. In particular, electrochemical circuit models and semiempirical models were employed to enable distinguishable comparative analysis. Also, in this thesis, we present a further probe into the effect of ionomer ink making processes, critically investigating the effect of the High Share Dispersion (HSD) process on both the Nafion® and Aquivion® ionomer membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The findings in this research provides a valuable insight into the performance and durability of PFSA ionomer membrane under various application criteria. The effect of operating parameters and accelerated stress testing (AST) on the PFSA ionomers was determined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electronic circuit model (ECM) analysis. The result of this study, shows that the ionomer ink making process for Nafion® and Aquivion® MEAs are not transferrable. Analysis of the PEMFC performance upon application of the high shear dispersion (HSD) process showed that Nafion® MEA had a 10.47% increase in voltage while the Aquivion® MEA had a 2.53% decrease in voltage at current density of 1.14A/cm2 . Also, upon accelerated stress testing, the Nafion® showed a 10.49% increase in its voltage while the Aquivion® on the other hand had a 7.16% decrease in voltage at 0.66A/cm2 . Thus indicating the HSD process enhances the performance of the Nafion® MEA and inhibits the performance of the Aquivion® MEA.
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Comer, Anthony C. "DYNAMIC RELAXATION PROPERTIES OF AROMATIC POLYIMIDES AND POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/1.

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The dynamic relaxation characteristics of Matrimid® (BTDA-DAPI) polyimide and several functionalized aromatic polyimides have been investigated using dynamic mechanical and dielectric methods. The functionalized polyimides were thermally rearranged to generate polybenzoxazole membranes with controlled free volume characteristics. All polyimides have application in membrane separations and exhibit three motional processes with increasing temperature: two sub-glass relaxations (ƴ and β transitions), and the glass-rubber (α) transition. For Matrimid, the low-temperature ƴ transition is purely non-cooperative, while the β sub-glass transition shows a more cooperative character as assessed via the Starkweather method. For the thermally rearranged polyimides, the ƴ transition is a function of the polymer synthesis method, thermal history, and ambient moisture. The β relaxation shows a dual character with increasing thermal rearrangement, the emerging lower-temperature component reflecting motions encompassing a more compact backbone contour. For the glass-rubber (α) transition, dynamic mechanical studies reveal a strong shift in Tα to higher temperatures and a progressive reduction in relaxation intensity with increasing degree of thermal rearrangement. The dynamic relaxation characteristics of poly(ether imide) and poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis and dielectric spectroscopy. The nanoparticles used were native and surface-modified fumed silicas. The nanocomposites display a dual glass transition behavior encompassing a bulk polymer glass transition, and a second, higher-temperature transition reflecting relaxation of polymer chain segments constrained owing to their proximity to the particle surface. The position and intensity of the higher-temperature transition varies with particle loading and surface chemistry, and reflects the relative populations of segments constrained or immobilized at the particle-polymer interface. Dielectric measurements, which were used to probe the time-temperature response across the local sub-glass relaxations, indicate no variation in relaxation characteristics with particle loading. Nanocomposite studies were also conducted on rubbery poly(ethylene oxide) networks crosslinked in the presence of MgO or SiO2 nanoparticles. The inclusion of nanoparticles led to a systematic increase in rubbery modulus and a modest positive offset in the measured glass transition temperature (Tα) for both systems. The sizeable increases in gas transport with particle loading reported for certain other rubbery nanocomposite systems were not realized in these crosslinked networks.
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Kalakkunnath, Sumod. "VISCOELASTIC RELAXATION CHARACTERISTICS OF RUBBERY POLYMER NETWORKS AND ENGINEERING POLYESTERS." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/486.

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The relaxation characteristics of rubbery poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO] networks have been investigated as a function of network composition and architecture via dynamic mechanical analysis and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. A series of model networks were prepared via UV photopolymerization using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate [PEGDA] as crosslinker: variations in crosslink density were achieved either by the introduction of water in the prepolymerization reaction mixture, or by the inclusion of mono-functional acrylate such as poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate [PEGMEA] or poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate [PEGA]. Copolymerization with mono-functional acrylate led to the insertion of flexible branches along the network backbone, and the corresponding glass-rubber relaxation properties of the copolymers (i.e., Tg, relaxation breadth, fragility) were a sensitive function of network architecture and corresponding fractional free volume. Relatively subtle variations in network structure led to significant differences in relaxation characteristics, and a systematic series of studies was undertaken to examine the influence of branch length, branch end-group, and crosslinker flexibility on viscoelastic response. Dielectric spectroscopy was especially useful for the elucidation of localized, sub-glass relaxations in the polymer networks: the imposition of local constraint in the vicinity of the crosslink junctions led to the detection of a distinctive fast relaxation process in the networks that was similar to a comparable sub-glass relaxation observed in crystalline PEO and in the confined regions of PEO nanocomposites. Gas permeation studies on the model PEGDA networks confirmed their utility as highly-permeable, reverse-selective membrane materials, and strategic control of the network architecture could be used to optimize gas separation performance. Dynamic mechanical and dielectric measurements have also been performed on a semicrystalline polyester, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) [PTT], in order to assess the influence of processing history on the resultant morphology and corresponding viscoelastic relaxation characteristics. Studies on both quenched and annealed PTT revealed the presence of a substantial fraction of rigid amorphous phase (RAP) material in the crystalline samples: dielectric measurements showed a strong increase in relaxation intensity above the glass transition indicating a progressive mobilization of the rigid amorphous phase with increasing temperature prior to crystalline melting.
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Retief, Liezel. "Analysis of vegetable oils, seeds and beans by TGA and NMR spectroscopy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6831.

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Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Due to the commercial, nutritional and health value of vegetable oils, seeds and beans, the analysis of their components is of much interest. In this dissertation oil-containing food products, specifically vegetable oils, seeds and beans, were investigated. Selected minor components of three locally produced vegetable oils, namely apricot kernel, avocado pear and macadamia nut oils were investigated using 31P NMR spectroscopy. These minor components, including 1,2 diacylglycerols, 1,3 diacylglycerols and free fatty acids, were identified in the 31P NMR spectra of each of the three vegetable oils for the first time. Two approaches were used for the quantification of the minor components present in the spectra. A calibration curve approach used known concentrations of standard minor components to establish calibration curves while a direct correlation approach calculated the unknown concentration of minor components in the vegetable oils using a known amount of standard compound within the analysis solution. These approaches aided in determining the concentration of minor components during storage studies in which vegetable oils were stored in five different ways: exposed to light, in a cupboard, in a cupboard wrapped in tin foil, at -8 °C and at 5 °C. It was found that determining the best storage condition for each oil was difficult since individual minor components were affected differently by the various storage conditions. However, in general the best storage conditions appeared to be 5 °C and -8 °C. The oil, protein and carbohydrate contents of sesame, sunflower, poppy, and pumpkin seeds, and soy, mung, black and kidney beans were analysed by thermogravimetric analysis and 13C NMR solid state NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that the first derivative of TGA data for seeds and beans can give valuable information about the carbohydrate, moisture, protein and fat content. This has not been previously demonstrated. For the seeds, the integration of a region between 270–480 ºC was equal to the sum of the oil and protein content and compared well to quantitative results obtained by other conventional methods. For beans the integration of a region between 180-590 ºC, gave a value which represented the sum of the oil, protein and carbohydrate content. 13C solid state NMR spectroscopy, including SPE-MAS, CP-MAS and variable contact time experiments, was carried out on these seeds and beans and gave valuable information on the solid-like and liquid-like components. To our knowledge these seeds and beans have never been previously analysed using this technique. 13C SPE-MAS NMR spectroscopy indicated that the seeds contained more liquid-like components than the beans. In turn the 13C CP-MAS NMR spectra indicated that beans had higher levels of solid-like components than the seeds. These conclusions correlated well with the quantities of liquid-like components and solid-like components that were determined by conventional methods and TGA. Preliminary studies using T1pH experiments on the components present in the seeds and beans led to a few observations. Most interesting is that a model using a two- phase fit in order to determine T1pH values appears to be more accurate than a one-phase model.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Groente olies, sade en bone is ‘n onderwerp van groot belang omrede hul kommersiële, voeding en gesondheidswaardes. In hierdie tesis is olie-bevattende voedselprodukte, spesifiek groente-olies, sade en bone geanaliseer. Geselekteerde komponente teenwoordig in klein hoeveelhede in drie lokaal geproduseerde groente-olies, naamlik appelkoos-pit, avokadopeer en makadamia-neut olies is geanaliseer met behulp van 31P KMR spektroskopie. Hierdie komponente, insluitend 1,2 diasielglyserole, 1,3 diasielglyserole en ongebonde vetsure, is vir die eerste keer geïdentifiseer in die 31P KMR spektra van die drie groente olies. Twee benaderings is gebruik vir die hoeveelheids-bepaling van die komponente in die spektra. ‘n Yking-kurwe metode het gebruik gemaak van bekende hoeveelhede konsentrasies standaard komponente vir die opstel van yking-kurwes, terwyl ‘n direkte korrelasie metode gebruik is om die onbekende konsentrasie van komponente in groente olies te bepaal met behulp van ‘n bekende hoeveelheid standaard verbinding teenwoordig in die oplossing. Hierdie metodes het gelei tot die bepaling van die konsentrasies van die komponente gedurende vyf verskillende berging toestande wat ingesluit het: Blootgestel aan lig, in ‘n donker kas, in ‘n donker kas toegevou in tin foelie, bevries by -8 °C en in ’n koelkas by 5 °C. Dit was bevind dat bepaling van die beste bergingstoestand vir elke olie moeilik is aangesien die individuele komponente verskillend geaffekteer word deur die verskeie berging toestande. Die beste bergings toestand oor die algemeen blyk egter om by 5 °C en -8 °C te wees. Sesamsaad, sonneblomsaad, papawersaad en pampoensaad sowel as sojaboontjie, mungboontjie, swartboontjie en pronkboontjie se olie, protein en koolhidraat komponente was geanaliseer met behulp van termogravimetriese analise (TGA) en 13C soliede toestand KMR spektroskopie. Dit was bevind dat die eerste afgeleide van die TGA data waardevolle inligting lewer oor die komponent inhoud van elk van die sade en bone. Hierdie is nog nie vantevore bevind nie. Vir die sade, was die integrasie van ‘n area tussen 270–480 ºC gelyk aan die som van die olie en proteïen inhoud en het goed vergelyk met die waardes verky deur algemene analitiese metodes. Vir die boontjies, was die integrasie van ‘n area tussen 180-590 ºC gelyk aan die som van die olie, protein en koolhidraat inhoud. 13C vaste staat KMR spektroskopie, insluitende SPE-MAS, CP-MAS en variëerbare kontak-tyd eksperimente, was gedoen en het waardevolle inligting gelewer omtrent die solied-agtige en mobiel-agtige komponente. Hierdie sade en bone is tot ons kennis nog nie van te vore met die tegnieke ondersoek nie. 13C SPE-MAS NMR spektroskopie het aangedui dat daar ‘n groter hoeveelheid mobiel-agtige komponente in sade as in bone teenwoordig is. 13C CP-MAS NMR spektroskopie het weer aangedui dat daar ‘n groter hoeveelheid solied-agtige komponente in bone as in sade teenwoordig is. Hierdie gevolgtrekkings het goed vergelyk met die waarnemings verkry deur konvensionele analitiese metodes en TGA. Voorlopige studies op die komponente van sade en bone deur T1pH eksperimente het tot ‘n paar gevolgtrekkings gelei waarvan die mees interessantste was dat ‘n twee-fase model vir die bepaling van T1pH waardes beter resultate lewer as ‘n een-fase model.
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Bonner, Maxwell Scotland. "Characterization of composite broad band absorbing conjugated polymer nanoparticles using steady-state, time-resolve and single particle spectroscopy." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4741.

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As the global economy searches for reliable, inexpensive and environmentally friendly renewable energy resources, energy conservation by means of photovoltaics has seen near exponential growth in the last decade. Compared to state-of-the-art inorganic solar cells, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) composed of conjugated polymers are particularly interesting because of their processability, flexibility and the potential for large area devices at a reduced fabrication cost. It has been extensively documented that the interchain and intrachain interactions of conjugated polymers complicate the fundamental understanding of the optical and electronic properties in the solid-state (i.e. thin film active layer). These interactions are highly dependent on the nanoscale morphology of the solid-state material, leading to a heterogeneous morphology where individual conjugated polymer molecules obtain a variety of different optoelectronic properties. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to fundamentally study conjugated polymer systems at the single molecule or nanoparticle level instead of the complex macroscopic bulk level.This dissertation research aims to develop simplified nanoparticle models that are representation of the nanodomains found in the solid-state material, while fundamentally addressing light harvesting, energy transfer and interfacial charge transfer mechanisms and their relationship to the electronic structure, material composition and morphology of the nanoparticle system. In preceding work, monofunctional doped nanoparticles (polymer-polymer) were fabricated with enhanced light harvesting and Forster energy transfer properties by blending Poly((o-phenylenevinylene)-alt-(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene)) (BPPV) and Poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) at various MEH-PPV doping ratios.; While single particle spectroscopy (SPS) reveals a broad distribution of optoelectronic and photophysical properties, time-correlated single photon counting (TC-SPC) spectroscopy displays multiple fluorescence lifetime components for each nanoparticle composition, resulting from changing polymer chain morphologies and polymer-polymer aggregation. In addition, difunctional doped nanoparticles were fabricated by doping the monofunctional doped nanoparticles with PC[sub60]BM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) to investigate competition between intermolecular energy transfer and interfacial charge transfer. Specifically, the difunctional SPS data illustrated enhanced and reduced energy transfer mechanisms that are dependent on the material composition of MEH-PPV and PC[sub60]BM. These data are indicative of changes in inter- and intrachain interactions of BPPV and MEH-PPV and their respective nanoscale morphologies. Together, these fundamental studies provide a thorough understanding of monofunctional and difunctional doped nanoparticle photophysics, necessary for understanding the morphological, optoelectronic and photophysical processes that can limit the efficiency of OPVs and provide insight for strategies aimed at improving device efficiencies.
ID: 030646223; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-152).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Chemistry
Sciences
Chemistry
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Annam, Ramyasree. "Study of Mechanical Properties of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Concrete With Raman Spectroscopic Analysis." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1460.

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The brittleness of concrete has always been a safety and economic issue of great concern. The low tensile strength of concrete is the cause of its intrinsic brittle nature. This is critical considering the amount of concrete used for the construction of highways, buildings, and other facilities. The mechanical properties of concrete must be improved to provide upgraded construction. Crack resistant and durable concrete has always been a major goal for engineers. Many approaches have been tried to make concrete a better construction material. Fiber reinforcement is an approach which has been shown to improve the quality and durability of concrete. The focus of this research is to develop a mix design of fiber reinforced concrete and then test these materials for both compressive and tensile strength after casting into cubes. The effect of polyvinyl alcohol fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete was also studied. The impacts of moisture and the stress applied on the fibers were determined using Raman spectroscopy.
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Vigren, David. "Identification of Environmental Plastic Samples from a Caribbean Beach Survey by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with the MicroNIR and Chemometric Analysis." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45772.

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MicroNIR is a portable near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscope. Its suitability for identifying environmental plastic polymers was evaluated through a series of performance tests. The plastic samples were collected during a beach survey in the Caribbean. First a reference database was built by analysing a series of reference plastic polymers. Prediction models were constructed by using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis on 2D- and 3D-scatterplots. Measurements of samples with a surface area down to 1 mm2 were successfully identified with the prediction models. Blend spectra were created by measuring two polymers simultaneously, from which each polymer NIR-fingerprint were able to be individually extracted from the blend spectra by subtracting the NIR-fingerprint of the opposite polymer. Prediction models were used to identify the samples in the tests with household plastics and the environmental plastic samples, collected in the Caribbean. Out of the forty-eight samples collected forty (83%) were identified. Twenty-seven were identified as polyethylene (56%), eleven as polypropylene (23%), one as polystyrene (2%), and one as polyamide (2%).
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Craft, Garrett Michael. "Characterization of Nylon-12 in a Novel Additive Manufacturing Technology, and the Rheological and Spectroscopic Analysis of PEG-Starch Matrix Interactions." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7137.

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In this work differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy [FT-IR] and polarized light microscopy will be employed to characterize polymeric systems. The first chapter broadly covers polymer synthesis and important characterization methods. In the second chapter, a polyamide (PA12) will be sintered via a novel additive manufacturing (AM) technology developed here at USF termed LAPS (Large Area Projection Sintering). LAPS uses extended sintering timespans to ensure complete melting and densification of the polymer powder over the entire two-dimensional area of the part’s footprint. Further, it allows for the printed layer to crystallize and shrink in its entirety as the temperature falls below the crystallization temperature prior to the next layer being added. The printed parts (termed coupons) will be assayed by DSC and polarized light microscopy to determine sintering efficacy. Additionally, the parts will be compared to coupons printed with conventional methods to show that the USF AM technology shows superior elongation at break (EaB), with comparable ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young’s Modulus to laser sintered coupons. This is notable as conventional AM methods produce parts which usually compromise between EaB and modulus. The EaB of LAPS-printed parts is comparable to injection molding (IM) grade PA12, which is remarkable as IM grade PA12 powder normally has higher molecular weight and limited crystallinity. The reduced crystallinity of IM grade PA12 parts is thought to be due to the high shear rates during injection and fast cooling rates post-fabrication. Further, the USF LAPS parts show minimal or no detectable porosity. Porosity is an artifact of the sintering process which conventional techniques like laser sintering (LS) have little ability to mitigate, as higher energy wattages simply burn and degrade the polymer surface with insufficient time available for heat transfer and bulk melt flow. Porosity is documented as one of the leading causes of part failure and decreased mechanical properties in the literature, and as such the USF AM technology is in the process of being patented as of March, 2018. Chapters three through six will explore a phenomenon first noticed by clinicians at the James A. Haley Veterans Hospital. They observed that starch-thickened drinks for patients suffering from dysphagia became dangerously thinned down upon addition of the osmotic drug polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350, marketed as Miralax®. Starch-based hydrocolloids are common thickeners used for patients with dysphagia, and so any incompatibility with such a ubiquitous drug as PEG 3350 poses an immediate danger. Patients with the disorder can suffer increased rates of aspiration-related pneumonia, incurring up to nearly a 60% fatality rate within a year. Chances for aspiration greatly increase for food items which are too inviscid to safely swallow. Rheology and FT-IR spectroscopy will be used to show that the breakdown of the starch network in aqueous solution is dependent upon the molecular weight of PEG. As the molecular weight of PEG is reduced to that of a small molecule (~300MW) from its large drug form (3350MW), the structure stabilizes and can resist shearing forces in a steady shear rheological experiment. Spectroscopy will show that PEG molecular weight also influences syneresis and the crystallinity of the starch hydrocolloid solutions. It is postulated that the molecular weight of PEG influences its miscibility in starch solutions, and its ability to interrupt the hydrogen bonding and entanglements which maintain the elastic framework which allow starch thickeners to impart viscosity and resist shearing forces. When this framework collapses, absorbed water is expelled as evidenced as a biphasic separation where water collects on top of the starch suspension. This was the phenomenon observed by the clinicians at the Veterans’ Hospital.
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Books on the topic "CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis"

1

European Symposium on Polymer Spectroscopy (15th 2003 Crete, Greece). Polymer spectroscopy: 15th European Symposium on Polymer Spectroscopy : Crete, Greece, June 8-12, 2003. Edited by Gregoriou Vasilis G. Weinheim, Germany: WILEY-VCH, 2004.

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Wilhelm, Peter. Modern polymer spectroscopy: Selected contributions from the conference: "17th European Symposium on Polymer Spectroscopy (ESOPS 17)", Seggauberg, Austria, September 9-12, 2007. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2008.

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Garton, Andrew. Infrared spectroscopy of polymer blends, composites and surfaces. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1992.

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Infrared spectroscopy of polymer blends, composites and surfaces. Munich: C.Hanser, 1992.

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5

A, Winnik Mitchell, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Photophysical and photochemical tools in polymer science: Conformation, dynamics, morphology. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Pub. Co., 1986.

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Tonelli, Alan E. NMR spectroscopy and polymer microstructure: The conformational connection. New York, N.Y: VCH, 1989.

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Brandolini, Anita J. NMR spectra of polymers and polymer additives. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2000.

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European Symposium on Polymer Spectroscopy (16th 2005 Kerkrade, Netherlands). Polymer spectroscopy: Selected contributions from the conference in Rolduc Abbey Kerkrade (The Netherlands) May 29-June 1, 2005. Edited by Goossens J. G. P and Jansen J. A. J. Weinheim, Germany: WILEY-VCH, 2005.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Assessing the Functional Structure of Molecular Transporters by EPR Spectroscopy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Zeinolebadi, Ahmad. In-situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Investigation of Transient Nanostructure of Multi-phase Polymer Materials Under Mechanical Deformation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis"

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de los Santos-Villarreal, Gladys, and Luis E. Elizalde. "Polymer Spectroscopy and Compositional Analysis." In Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing, 335–54. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118480793.ch16.

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Runyon, J. Ray, and S. Kim Ratanathanawongs Williams. "Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Coupled with Field-Flow Fractionation for Polymer Analysis." In Handbook of Spectroscopy, 1201–28. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527654703.ch32.

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Bhandare, Prashant S., and K. Krishnan. "Applications of TGA/FT-IR Analysis to Polymer Systems." In Progress in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, 729–31. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6840-0_192.

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Rangel-Vazquez, Norma-Aurea, Virginia Hernandez-Montoya, and Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet. "Spectroscopy Analysis and Applications of Rice Husk and Gluten Husk Using Computational Chemistry." In Lignocellulosic Polymer Composites, 147–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118773949.ch8.

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Adams, Mark R., KiRyong Ha, Jenifer Marchesi, Jiyue Yang, and Andrew Garton. "Surface Analysis of Thick Polymer Films by Infrared Spectroscopy." In Advances in Chemistry, 333–49. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1993-0236.ch012.

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Pissis, Polycarpos, Apostolos Kyritsis, and Daniel Fragiadakis. "Dielectric Spectroscopy and Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current Analysis of Multiphase Polymer Systems." In Handbook of Multiphase Polymer Systems, 479–517. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119972020.ch12.

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Kozanecki, Marcin, Marcin Pastorczak, and Krzysztof Halagan. "Vibrational Spectroscopy in Analysis of Stimuli-Responsive Polymer–Water Systems." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 223–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01355-4_8.

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Jansen, J. A. J., J. H. van der Maas, and A. Posthuma De Boer. "Evolved Gas Analysis of Polymers by Thermogravimetry Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy." In Integration of Fundamental Polymer Science and Technology—5, 316–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3890-1_40.

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Chabert, B., J. L. Gardette, G. Lachenal, and I. Stevenson. "Applications of FT-Raman and FT-IR Microspectroscopy in the Near Infrared to Polymer Analysis." In Progress in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, 399–402. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6840-0_93.

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Arbuckle-Keil, Georgia A., Yolanda Liszewski, James Wilking, and Bing Hsieh. "In Situ Analysis of the Thermal Elimination Reaction in the Synthesis of Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)(PPV) and PPV Derivatives." In In Situ Spectroscopy of Monomer and Polymer Synthesis, 173–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0125-1_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "CNMR spectroscopy polymer analysis"

1

IDOLOR, OGHENEOVO, RISHABH GUHA, KATHERINE BERKOWITZ, and LANDON GRACE. "Damage Detection in Polymer Matrix Composites by Analysis of Polymer-Water Interactions Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." In American Society for Composites 2020. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc35/34874.

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Valk, Jacob, Sjaak van Enckevort, and Wolfgang Theiß. "Infrared analysis of multilayer stacks deposited on rough and curved polymer substrates." In The eleventh international conference on fourier transform spectroscopy. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.55854.

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Bulkin, Bernard J., Frank DeBlase, and Menachem Lewin. "Raman Spectroscopy Applied To Polymer Analysis: Low Frequency Spectra Of Polyester Fibers." In 1986 Quebec Symposium, edited by Paolo G. Cielo. SPIE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.938796.

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Akashige, Etsushi. "Application of the generalized two-dimensional correlation analysis to depth-profiling Raman microspectroscopy of multilayer polymer films." In International symposium on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1302866.

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Horii, F., T. Idehara, Y. Fujii, I. Ogawa, A. Horii, G. Entzminger, and F. D. Doty. "200 MHz DNP NMR spectroscopy with a 131 GHz gyrotron for the analysis of polymer surface." In 2011 36th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2011.6104885.

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Lova, Paola, Heba Meghad, and Davide Comoretto. "A new method for the determination of molecular diffusion coefficient in polymer films by simple UV-VIS spectroscopy." In THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS - ICSAAM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140283.

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Samyn, Pieter, Jan Quintelier, Patrick De Baets, Jeroen Van Craenenbroeck, Francis Verpoort, and Gustaaf Schoukens. "Orientation and Degradation of Polymer Sliding Surfaces Evaluated by Raman Spectroscopy." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63452.

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Present study investigates changes in the conformation of functional groups at the polymer sliding surface by postmortem Raman spectroscopy, thermomechanical analysis and SEM/EDX. Two case studies on sintered polyimide (SP) and thermoplastic polyethylene-terephtalate (PET) are presented, indicating the influences of sliding temperature, counterface type and internal lubricants (PET/PTFE) on some characteristic absorption bands in the Raman spectrum of the sliding surfaces.
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Dkier, Mohamed, Khalid Lamnawar, and Abderrahim Maazouz. "Rheokinetic studies for in-situ monitoring of T-RTM process: Rheology coupled to dielectric analysis and FTIR spectroscopy." In PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-32: The 32nd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society - Conference Papers. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5016788.

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Itoh, E., and S. Takaishi. "Estimation of Electron Injection Barrier Height at Metal/ Polymer Interface by Internal Photoemission Spectroscopy and its Schottky Current Analysis." In 2010 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2010.p-10-5.

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Eytan, Osnat, Edward Bormashenko, Roman Pogreb, Semion Sutovski, Irena Vaserman, Ben-Ami Sela, and Abraham Katzir. "Fiber optic evanescent wave spectroscopy (FEWS) for blood diagnosis: the use of polymer-coated AgClBr fibers and neural network analysis." In BiOS '99 International Biomedical Optics Symposium, edited by Abraham Katzir and James A. Harrington. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.346718.

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