Relevant bibliographies by topics / Co-infection of parasites

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Co-infection of parasites'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Co-infection of parasites"

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Seppälä, Otto, Anssi Karvonen, E. Tellervo Valtonen, and Jukka Jokela. "Interactions among co-infecting parasite species: a mechanism maintaining genetic variation in parasites?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1657 (2008): 691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1229.

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Individuals of free-living organisms are often infected simultaneously by a community of parasites. If the co-infecting parasites interact, then this can add significantly to the diversity of host genotype×parasite genotype interactions. However, interactions between parasite species are usually not examined considering potential variation in interactions between different strain combinations of co-infecting parasites. Here, we examined the importance of interactions between strains of fish eye flukes Diplostomum spathaceum and Diplostomum gasterostei on their infectivity in naive fish hosts.
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Griffiths, Emily C., Amy B. Pedersen, Andy Fenton, and Owen L. Petchey. "Analysis of a summary network of co-infection in humans reveals that parasites interact most via shared resources." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1782 (2014): 20132286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2286.

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Simultaneous infection by multiple parasite species (viruses, bacteria, helminths, protozoa or fungi) is commonplace. Most reports show co-infected humans to have worse health than those with single infections. However, we have little understanding of how co-infecting parasites interact within human hosts. We used data from over 300 published studies to construct a network that offers the first broad indications of how groups of co-infecting parasites tend to interact. The network had three levels comprising parasites, the resources they consume and the immune responses they elicit, connected
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Lass, Sandra, Peter J. Hudson, Juilee Thakar, et al. "Generating super-shedders: co-infection increases bacterial load and egg production of a gastrointestinal helminth." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 80 (2013): 20120588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0588.

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Co-infection by multiple parasites is common within individuals. Interactions between co-infecting parasites include resource competition, direct competition and immune-mediated interactions and each are likely to alter the dynamics of single parasites. We posit that co-infection is a driver of variation in parasite establishment and growth, ultimately altering the production of parasite transmission stages. To test this hypothesis, three different treatment groups of laboratory mice were infected with the gastrointestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus , the respiratory bacterial pathogen
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SOARES, LETÍCIA, VINCENZO A. ELLIS, and ROBERT E. RICKLEFS. "Co-infections of haemosporidian and trypanosome parasites in a North American songbird." Parasitology 143, no. 14 (2016): 1930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016001384.

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SUMMARYHosts frequently harbour multiple parasite infections, yet patterns of parasite co-occurrence are poorly documented in nature. In this study, we asked whether two common avian blood parasites, one haemosporidian and one trypanosome, affect each other's occurrence in individuals of a single host species. We used molecular genotyping to survey protozoan parasites in the peripheral blood of yellow-breasted chats (Aves: Passeriformes [Parulidae]:Icteria virens) from the Ozarks of Southern Missouri. We also determined whether single and co-infections differently influence white blood cell an
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Cooper, T. F., and J. A. Heinemann. "Selection for plasmid post–segregational killing depends on multiple infection: evidence for the selection of more virulent parasites through parasite–level competition." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1561 (2005): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.2921.

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Is the virulence of parasites an outcome of optimized infection? Virulence has often been considered an inevitable consequence of parasite reproduction when the cost incurred by the parasite in reducing the fitness of its current host is offset by increased infection of new hosts. More recent models have focused on how competition occurring between parasites during co–infection might effect selection of virulence. For example, if co–infection was common, parasites with higher intrinsic growth rates might be selected, even at the expense of being optimally adapted to infect new hosts. If growth
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Pedersen, Amy B., and Janis Antonovics. "Anthelmintic treatment alters the parasite community in a wild mouse host." Biology Letters 9, no. 4 (2013): 20130205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0205.

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Individuals are often co-infected with several parasite species, yet the consequences of drug treatment on the dynamics of parasite communities in wild populations have rarely been measured. Here, we experimentally reduced nematode infection in a wild mouse population and measured the effects on other non-target parasites. A single oral dose of the anthelmintic, ivermectin, significantly reduced nematode infection, but resulted in a reciprocal increase in other gastrointestinal parasites, specifically coccidial protozoans and cestodes. These results highlight the possibility that drug therapy
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Sundberg, Lotta-Riina, and Anssi Karvonen. "Minor environmental concentrations of antibiotics can modify bacterial virulence in co-infection with a non-targeted parasite." Biology Letters 14, no. 12 (2018): 20180663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0663.

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Leakage of medical residues into the environment can significantly impact natural communities. For example, antibiotic contamination from agriculture and aquaculture can directly influence targeted pathogens, but also other non-targeted taxa of commensals and parasites that regularly co-occur and co-infect the same host. Consequently, antibiotics could significantly alter interspecific interactions and epidemiology of the co-infecting parasite community. We studied how minor environmental concentrations of antibiotic affects the co-infection of two parasites, the bacterium Flavobacterium colum
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Zhang, Runhui, Wanpeng Zheng, Arwid Daugschies, and Berit Bangoura. "Apicomplexan co-infections impair with phagocytic activity in avian macrophages." Parasitology Research 119, no. 12 (2020): 4159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06900-3.

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AbstractMixed infections of Toxoplasma gondii and Eimeria tenella are likely to occur frequently due to the high prevalence of both pathogens in free-ranging chickens. In this study, we investigated the co-occurrence of the two parasites in the same immune-competent host cell towards altered patterns of parasite-host interactions. Chicken blood monocyte–derived macrophages were co-infected with T. gondii RH tachyzoites and E. tenella Houghton sporozoites in vitro for 24 h. Through monitoring the uptake of pH-sensitive pHrodo™ Zymosan BioParticles (“Zymosan”) by macrophages, we created a three-
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Agboli, E., S. C. K. Tay, C. Obirikorang, and E. Y. Aidoo. "Malaria and intestinal parasites in pregnant and non-pregnant women: a comparative study at the University Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana." Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences 4, no. 3 (2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jmbs.v4i3.5.

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In sub-Sahara African countries, both malaria and intestinal helminth infections are endemic and co-infection commonly occurs. It is estimated that over a third of the world’s population, mainly in the tropics and sub-tropics are infected with parasitic helminths and Plasmodium species thus often leading to co-infections. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of malaria and intestinal parasites in a sample of 760 study participants comprising 380 pregnant women and 380 non-pregnant women attending the University Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Blood and stool samples wer
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Nebel, Carina, Josef Harl, Adrien Pajot, Herbert Weissenböck, Arjun Amar, and Petra Sumasgutner. "High prevalence and genetic diversity of Haemoproteus columbae (Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) in feral pigeons Columba livia in Cape Town, South Africa." Parasitology Research 119, no. 2 (2019): 447–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06558-6.

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AbstractIn this study, we explore blood parasite prevalence, infection intensity, and co-infection levels in an urban population of feral pigeons Columba livia in Cape Town. We analyze the effect of blood parasites on host body condition and the association between melanin expression in the host’s plumage and parasite infection intensity and co-infection levels. Relating to the haemosporidian parasite itself, we study their genetic diversity by means of DNA barcoding (cytochrome b) and show the geographic and host distribution of related parasite lineages in pigeons worldwide. Blood from 195 C
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Co-infection of parasites"

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Smart, Matthew Dixon. "Distribution of microsporidia, Nosema spp., and co-infection with acarine parasites in Pacific Northwest honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/m_smart_060310.pdf.

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Wu, Qiang. "Population stress under anthropogenic perturbations in Zootoca vivipara : a perspective from parasites and behavior." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30105.

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Le changement climatique mondial et les perturbations anthropiques affectent fortement les écosystèmes. Malgré des études à grande échelle axées sur la biodiversité, la façon dont les perturbations anthropiques influencent les divers aspects de l'écologie et de l'évolution des populations a également attiré une attention considérable. Cette thèse explore le stress amené par le changement climatique global sur les populations animales, en utilisant le système modèle du lézard commun (Zootoca vivipara) et de ses ectoparasites (un acarien du genre Ophionyssus et une tique Ixodes ricinus). La prem
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Rollemberg, Carla Virginia Vieira. "Aspectos epidemiológicos da esquistossomose e co-infecção por enteroparasitas utilizando geoprocessamento." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3713.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The present work aims to investigate the relationship between infection with Schistosoma mansoni and other intestinal parasites. We performed two study designs: the first (Article 1) was an ecological study to evaluate the frequency and geographic distribution of diagnosed cases of infection with S. mansoni and intestinal parasites using a database survey of Health Department of the Sergipe State from 2005 to 2008. We created the database from the raw data of the Schistosomiasis Control Program of Sergipe (PCE-SE) in which we perfo
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Feis, Marieke Eveline [Verfasser], Karl Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Wegner, and Hinrich [Gutachter] Schulenburg. "Host-parasite co-evolution and co-infection of invasive parasitic Mytilicola copepods in blue mussel hosts / Marieke Eveline Feis ; Gutachter: Hinrich Schulenburg ; Betreuer: Karl Mathias Wegner." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-237738.

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Fairlie-Clarke, Karen Jane. "Significance of cross-reactive antibody responses and isotype bias in malaria-helminth co-infection." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5727.

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The socio-economic and geographical distribution of malaria overlaps with that of many parasitic helminths and in these areas co-infections are common. Co-infection with helminths can influence disease outcome causing either exacerbation or amelioration of malaria. Understanding the complex host-parasite interactions that lead to these different disease outcomes is important for the success of control programmes aimed at these parasites. The immune system has evolved diverse types of response (e.g. T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2)) to efficiently combat infection with ‘microparasites’ and
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Gardon, Jacques. "Epidémiologie du virus HTLV-I/II au Cameroun : Transmission familiale : rôle des co-facteurs parasitaires." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11033.

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Nicolas, Armel. "AAv, HSV, cellule : interactions au coeur de la réplication d'un parasite original." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0604.

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La réplication du virus défectif AAV nécessite un virus "auxiliaire" (HSV, Ad). Nous avons cherché à préciser les résultats d’études anciennes qui suggéraient qu’il pourrait se répliquer sans virus auxiliaire dans des cellules soumises à divers stress, sans jamais observer une réplication nette. Nos données suggèrent que la réplication rapportée précédemment serait due à la synergie entre les stress et des facteurs viraux transformants. Nous avons ensuite étudié l’interaction entre l’AAV et son virus auxiliaire HSV. Nous avons premièrement précisé les fonctions auxiliaires fournies par des fac
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Valencia, Cruz José María. "Paràsits de mol·luscs bivalves a les Illes Balears: Detecció de Marteilia refringens i Perkinsus mediterraneus mitjançant tècniques moleculars." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396224.

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Una de les principals limitacions a la que s‘enfronta la producció de mol·luscs bivalves és la prevenció i control de malalties, que es dispersen, principalment, pel moviment d‘estocs. A les Balears, hem trobat paràsits de bivalves poc patogènics com Bucephalus haimeanus, Mytilicola intestinalis, i metacercàries de tremàtodes. També altres que suposen un risc per a la producció, com Marteilia refringens, Perkinsus mediterraneus i P. olseni. La presència de M. refringens és una greu amenaça, doncs produeix desordres fisiològics que poden matar l‘hoste. Probablement, als anys 80, la desaparició
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"Development of a rhesus macaque model to study the interactions of HIV/malaria parasite co-infection." Tulane University, 2007.

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HIV and the malaria parasite have great disease burdens world-wide, and because their endemic regions overlap, the risk of co-infection is great. Little is known about the impact one infection has on the other's progression, but given the number of people at risk of being co-infected and the magnitude of the disease burden associated with each disease, any interaction could have a large impact on public health As more attention has been given to the potential risks of this kind of co-infection, a number of studies have been initiated to investigate the effects of co-infection. Recent studies i
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Books on the topic "Co-infection of parasites"

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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. Evolutionary Parasitology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.001.0001.

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Parasites are ubiquitous and shape almost every aspect of their hosts, including physiology, behaviour, life histories, the structure of the microbiota, and entire communities. Hence, parasitism is one of the most potent forces in nature and, without parasites, the world would look very different. The book gives an overview over the parasite groups and the diversity of defences that hosts have evolved, such as immune systems. Principles of evolutionary biology and ecology analyse major elements of host–parasite interactions, including virulence, infection processes, tolerance, resistance, spec
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Whitty, Christopher J. M. Diagnosis and management of malaria in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0292.

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Falciparum malaria is the commonest life-threatening imported tropical infection. The most important critical care intervention is rapid high-dose antimalarial treatment with artesunate, or if that is not available quinine. The common complications of malaria are different in children and adults. Cerebral malaria may occur in both, for which there is no specific therapy. Renal failure and acute lung injury are much more common in adults, and may occur late in the course of the disease, even after parasites have cleared. In children acidosis, anaemia and Gram-negative sepsis are more common. Re
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Parkinson, Michael, John P. Dalton, and Sandra M. O’Neill. Fasciolosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0079.

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Liver fluke disease, or fasciolosis, of livestock and humans is caused by endoparasitic trematodes of the genus Fasciola. Fasciola hepatica is responsible for the disease in temperate climates whereas F. gigantica is found in tropical zones. Recently, hybrids between F. hepatica and F. gigantica have been described (Le et al. 2008, Periago et al. 2008). Fasciolosis is a true zoonoses as it is predominantly a disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans at a specific stage of the parasite’s complex life cycle. There are a number of definitive hosts which includes sheep, cattle, and huma
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Book chapters on the topic "Co-infection of parasites"

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den Boer, Margriet, Luis Rivas, and Jorge Alvar. "Co-infection with HIV." In Drug Resistance in Leishmania Parasites. Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1125-3_8.

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den Boer, Margriet, and Jorge Alvar. "Co-infection with HIV." In Drug Resistance in Leishmania Parasites. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74186-4_6.

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Lello, Joanne. "Co-Infection: Immunological Considerations." In Immunity to Parasitic Infection. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118393321.ch18.

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Moreno, Javier. "HIV and Leishmania Co-infection." In Immunity to Parasitic Infection. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118393321.ch20.

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Cunnington, Aubrey, and Eleanor M. Riley. "HIV and Malaria Co-infection." In Immunity to Parasitic Infection. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118393321.ch19.

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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Transmission, infection, and pathogenesis." In Evolutionary Parasitology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.003.0009.

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Transmission is a key process for parasites. Different routes (e.g. faecal–oral) and modes (e.g. by aerosols or vectors) exist. A major context is vertical (to offspring) or horizontal (all other) transmission. All components of the transmission process evolve. Successful transmission includes the infection of a new host. Macroparasites typically infect as individuals, but microparasites need an infective dose. Doses vary enormously among parasites. Various models describe variation in infective dose. Process-based models assume random colonization, co-operative parasite manipulation, or are focused on early dynamics. With the processes of pathogenesis (e.g. tissue destruction, reducing host capacities), damage to the host emerges. Virulence factors are important mediators of parasite success and often involved in host manipulation and pathogenesis, including immunopathology.
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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Parasite immune evasion and manipulation of host phenotype." In Evolutionary Parasitology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.003.0008.

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All parasites manipulate their hosts by interference with immune defences and host behaviour. Passive evasion, for example, is by molecular mimicry or by changing surfaces. Active interference involves production of molecules that block or modify host immune defence regulation or affect metabolism and neuronal systems. All steps of the immune defence cascades are attacked by parasites, including the microbiota. Manipulation can increase the duration of infection or transmission success. The latter is particularly prominent in intermediate hosts that need to be consumed by a final host. Host fecundity reduction and gigantism provide extra resources for the parasite. Theory can predict what manipulation should be best; conflicts arise among co-infecting parasites.
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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Virulence evolution." In Evolutionary Parasitology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.003.0013.

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Virulence (i.e. reduction of host fitness) results from the parasite–host interaction. It can be an unselected side effect or the result of short-sighted evolution. The evolutionary theory of virulence predicts virulence by the fitness advantages for the parasite. Thereby, trade-offs among virulence level and host recovery or transmission rates are critical. This process can lead to lower, higher, or intermediate virulence, depending on conditions. Vertical transmission generally selects for lower virulence, whereas co-infection tends to increase virulence levels, also depending on genetic relatedness among the parasites. The sensitivity framework more generally addresses virulence levels in different systems; in this context, manipulation by parasites can result in significant virulence effects, especially when avoiding clearance and when effects are delayed. Different vaccination mechanisms can modify the evolution of virulence. Besides, virulence can evolve within hosts; for example, adaptation to a particular host type with serial passage attenuates virulence on other hosts.
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Kepple, Daniel, Anthony Ford, Ebony Little, et al. "From Genes to Biomarkers: Understanding the Biology of Malaria Gametocytes and Their Detection." In Genetic Polymorphisms - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99364.

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Each year, approximately 230 million malaria cases and 400,00 malaria deaths are reported worldwide. Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted from one individual to another through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria parasites replicate asexually in the human host, and, in each replication cycle, a portion of the asexual stages develops into sexual gametocytes that permit transmission. The proportion of infections that carries gametocytes and the infectivity of gametocytes are indicators of human-to-mosquito transmission potential. In P. falciparum, gametocytes appear 10–14 days after infection, whereas in P. vivax gametocytes appear simultaneously with asexual schizonts. Such difference in development not only increases the length of time that an individual is infectious, but also increases the likelihood of transmission before treatment. The conversion from asexual parasites to gametocytes is also highly variable between infections. Differences in age, host immune response, parasite genetic composition, density of red blood cells, presence of co-infecting parasite strains, and antimalarial drug use could affect gametocytes production. In P. vivax, the unique ability to produce hypnozoites, a dormant liver stage of the parasite, may allow gametocytes to be produced periodically from relapse and contribute to transmission. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the biology of Plasmodium gametocytes, existing tools for gametocyte detection, and features of gametocyte genes. The biological insights and genetic findings are essential to developing better detection biomarkers and effective strategies to reduce transmission in malaria-endemic countries.
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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Within-host dynamics and evolution." In Evolutionary Parasitology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.003.0012.

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Infections typically spread from a primary site to target organs. Rapid early defences are critical to contain an infection. However, recognition is not error-free and shows a trade-off between specificity and sensitivity. The within-host dynamics of an infection can be studied in various ways, e.g. with target cell-limited models. The disease space can trace within-host infection trajectories and predict the eventual outcome. Also, computational and systems immunology identify important defence elements and predict the course of an infection. Infecting populations evolve within their hosts. Horizontal transfer of genetic elements, recombination, and mutations thereby allow pathogens to escape host defences; examples are escape mutants or antigenic variation. The evolution of antimicrobial resistance is of special concern. Co-infecting parasites, such as bacteria, can cooperate to exploit a host (e.g. by production of siderophores) or compete for access (e.g. by releasing bacteriocins). Multiscale models combine within- and between-host episodes.
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