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Chakrabarti, Prabhas Kumar, and Juin Choudhary. "Wage-Productivity Relationship in Coal India Limited." Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (January 2004): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2004.11892400.
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Raghavendra, S., S. Pardhasaradhi, and Swetha Suram. "A Case Study on Sustainable Development in Coal India Limited." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 14, no. 3 (July 5, 2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-170026.
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Ranjan, Rashmi, and Niladri Das. "Analysis of Key Factors of Economic Performance Influencing Environmental Management - A Study of Indian Mining Industry." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 1 (September 30, 2013): 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v6i1.752.
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This paper provides an insight of the relationship between economic performance and environmental management which is necessary for sustainable development and economic prosperity. The present paper uses factor analysis methodology for identifying the major factors relating to economic performance which also enhances environmental management in mining industry.The survey has been conducted in four subsidiaries of Coal India Limited (CIL) which are Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Dhanbad, Central Coalfield Limited (CCL), Ranchi, Coal Mines Planning and Design Institute India Limited (CMPDIL), Dhanbad and Eastern Coalfield Limited (ECL), Asansol. This study identifies four factors, namely risk related driver, image related driver, societal related driver and efficiency related driver of economic performance which should be integrated with corporate strategy of the company for sustainable growth and development.
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Nagarkatti, Arun, and Ajit Kumar Kolar. "Assessment of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Coal Fired Power Plants in India." Applied Mechanics and Materials 704 (December 2014): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.704.487.
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More than two third share of electricity come from coal fired power plants in India. Coal fired power plants are the largest source of anthropogenic CO2 emissions per unit of electricity generation among all fossil fuel based power plants. There has been climate change and global warming globally due to increasing anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gas (GHG) into the atmosphere. This paper examines life cycle GHG emission such as CH4, CO2 and N2O of a National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Limited power plant using life cycle approach. The various stages involved in the assessment of life cycle GHG emissions in the present study include coal mining, transportation of coal to the power plant and coal combustion for electricity generation. The results show that direct CO2 emission from coal combustion is about 890 g CO2-e/kWh, whereas life cycle GHG emissions amount to 929.1 g CO2-e/kWh. Indirect GHG emissions add up to 4.2% of total emissions. Coal mine methane leakage into atmosphere in India is low since more than 90% of the coal mining is surface mining.
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Xia, Kaiwen, Sheng Huang, and Ajay Kumar Jha. "Dynamic Tensile Test of Coal, Shale and Sandstone Using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 1, no. 2 (July 2010): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgee.2010070103.
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The dynamic tensile strength plays a pivotal role in rock fragmentation affecting the overall economics under the present ‘Mine to Mill Concept’. In this paper, a modified SHPB technique and Brazilian test method is presented to test the dynamic tensile strength of coal, shale and sandstone rock samples collected from three opencast mines of Coal India Limited and is compared with the static strength value. The dynamic tensile strength of coal and rock is much higher than static strength and tensile strength of coal and rock samples increase with loading rate. The result shows that the dynamic strength of the coal sample is 1.5 times higher than static strength and the dynamic strength of the sandstone sample is 3 times higher than the static strength.
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Amar Singh Rana, Abhishek James, and Satyendra Nath. "Effect Of Coal Mining On Health Of Workers And Surrounding Peoples In Northern Coalfields Limited Singrauli, India." History Research Journal 5, no. 4 (August 14, 2019): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7085.
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The present study was to assess the effect of coal mining on health of workers and surrounding peoples in northern coalfields limited Singrauli, India. For data collection, pre-structured questionnaire was specially prepared and survey was also done in two year (2016-2017 and 2017-2018). Sample was selected randomly from local people of selected areas. Sample size was 150 respondents from each year in which 30 each from Amlori, Nigahi, Jayant, Dudhichua and Khadi a project. Thus the result revealed that local people were suffering from many health related problems in which most of the people were found respiratory and lung diseases. It is suggested that local people should wear mask, drink purified water and should plant more and more tress surrounding areas.
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Wang, Lai-Wang, Thanh-Tuyen Tran, and Nhu-Ty Nguyen. "An Empirical Study of Hybrid DEA and Grey System Theory on Analyzing Performance: A Case from Indian Mining Industry." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/395360.
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India, which has long been recognized as a well-endowed nation in natural mineral resources, is a major minerals producer. According to the report of Indian Ministry of Mines 2013, Indian mining and metals sector ranked the fourth among the mineral producer countries, behind China, United States, and Russia and had in fact led the economy into recovery from the global financial crisis. Since this industry has turned into a significant issue, this paper attempts to rank the performance of 23 Indian mining and metal companies and to evaluate and measure the productivity change of these sectors during different time periods (2010–2014). Besides, the authors would like to choose one advanced model of MPI to see the performance of these companies in the past-present period and the 4-year future period (2015–2018) by using forecasting results of Grey system theory. The results revealed that from the past to future period the National Mineral Development Corporation, Hindalco Industries Limited, and Coal India always keep their highest best rankings among 23 DMUs regarding performance scores. This study contributes better insights of Indian mining industry as it is the core of the economy.
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Ranjan, Rashmi, and Niladri Das. "Designing a framework for integrating environment management with drivers of economic performance." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 9, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 376–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-02-2014-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to integrate drivers of economic performance with environmental management aspects and core managerial functions of the Indian coal mining industry. Design/methodology/approach For this research paper, primary and secondary data have been used. The primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey which was distributed in the four subsidiaries of Coal India Limited. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested by appropriate statistical techniques. Further, one-sample t-test and multiple linear regression analysis have been used for data analysis. Findings Testing of hypotheses reveals that there is a high level of integration of environmental management aspects with the seven core managerial functions, namely, production process, distribution process, beneficiation process, quality issues, stakeholders’ interest, health and safety and corporate strategy. Further, the paper identified that there is a positive association between integration of environmental aspects with core functions and the four drivers of economic performance and it is strongly associated with societal-related and risk-related drivers of economic performance. But it is less strongly associated with image-related and efficiency-related drivers of economic performance. Research limitations/implications This paper focuses on integrating the environmental management and core functions with key drivers of economic performance in coal mining industry which is one of the most polluting industries of the world. The limitation of the paper is that it is very specific and limited to the coal mining industry. Originality/value The paper contributes to the existing work by designing a framework which identifies the key drivers of economic performance and integrating it with the environmental management system of the organisation.
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Lawrenz, Linus, Bobby Xiong, Luise Lorenz, Alexandra Krumm, Hans Hosenfeld, Thorsten Burandt, Konstantin Löffler, Pao-Yu Oei, and Christian von Hirschhausen. "Exploring Energy Pathways for the Low-Carbon Transformation in India—A Model-Based Analysis." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113001.
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With an increasing expected energy demand and current dominance of coal electrification, India plays a major role in global carbon policies and the future low-carbon transformation. This paper explores three energy pathways for India until 2050 by applying the linear, cost-minimizing, global energy system model (GENeSYS-MOD). The benchmark scenario “limited emissions only” (LEO) is based on ambitious targets set out by the Paris Agreement. A more conservative “business as usual” (BAU) scenario is sketched out along the lines of the New Policies scenario from the International Energy Agency (IEA). On the more ambitious side, we explore the potential implications of supplying the Indian economy entirely with renewable energies with the “100% renewable energy sources” (100% RES) scenario. Overall, our results suggest that a transformation process towards a low-carbon energy system in the power, heat, and transportation sectors until 2050 is technically feasible. Solar power is likely to establish itself as the key energy source by 2050 in all scenarios, given the model’s underlying emission limits and technical parameters. The paper concludes with an analysis of potential social, economic and political barriers to be overcome for the needed Indian low-carbon transformation.
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Nimaje, Devidas S., and Shiva Sai. "Development Of Software To Evaluate Roof Fall Risk In Bord And Pillar Method - Depillaring Phase." GeoScience Engineering 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gse-2015-0014.
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Abstract Roof fall is one of the major problems of the bord and pillar coal mines during the depillaring phase. Roof fall not only causes considerable damage to the mining equipment but also to the miners. To keep in view, development of software is essential for the calculation of roof fall risk to reduce the accidents to a certain extent. In this paper, the software has been developed and tested on seam-2, the main panel of RK-5 underground coal mine, Singareni Collieries Company Limited, India and corresponding roof fall risk was calculated. The best combination of the parameters causing roof fall risk was evaluated to reduce the risk.
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Rodrigues, Lewlyn L. R., H. C. Shiva Prasad, James Joseph, and K. V. Sriram. "Environmental impact assessment of coal-based thermal power plant near Udupi Power Corporation Limited in Karnataka - India." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 22, no. 1/2/3/4 (2018): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2018.094114.
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Joseph, James, Lewlyn L. R. Rodrigues, K. V. Sriram, and H. C. Shiva Prasad. "Environmental impact assessment of coal-based thermal power plant near Udupi Power Corporation Limited in Karnataka - India." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 22, no. 1/2/3/4 (2018): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2018.10015282.
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Vishwakarma, A. K., A. K. Agnihotri, R. Rai, B. K. Shrivastva, and S. Mishra. "IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A MINE SUBSIDENCE ON NATIVE VEGETATION OF SOUTH EASTERN COALFIELDS, INDIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-487-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study aims to evaluate the effect of underground coal mining subsidence on the growth of native vegetation. For this study, an underground coal mine of South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), India was selected. Changes in vegetation indices were analyzed using three remote sensing data of the previous five years. Three period’s Landsat 8 OLI resolution image data were used to calculate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the years 2014, 2016 and 2018 in QGIS environment. The study showed that the local grassland and forest were affected by the mining exploitation and subsidence but those effects were not significant to have an adverse impact on the same. The short-term mining was having an impact on the vegetation growth but the effects gradually disappeared with the gradual stabilization of the subsided land and in absence of human interference, vegetation recovered well. In long-term, subsidence was not having a major impact on the vegetation growth. Thus, coal resources exploitation and subsidence of the said mine of SECL did not bring out an adverse impact on a wide range of forest and grassland ecosystems, and these ecosystems could carry the partial destruction and ultimately stabilized ecosystems by self-repair.</p>
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Garg, Aashee, and Anusha Agarwal. "Energy Conservation in Households in Urban Areas in India." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 3, no. 2 (September 27, 2015): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2015.321.
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India, as a country is very rich in terms of natural resources however as citizens, we have not respected this fact and have been continuously exploiting nature’s gift to mankind. Further as the population is ever increasing, the load on the consumption of resources is unprecedented. This has led to the depletion of natural resources such as coal, oil, gas etc., apart from the pollution it causes. It is time that we shift from use of these conventional resources to more effective new ways of energy generation. We should develop and encourage usage of renewable resources such as wind and solar in households to conserve energy in place of the mentioned nonrenewable energy sources. This paper deals with the most effective ways in which the households in India can conserve energy thus reducing effect on environment and depletion of limited resources.
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Tamakhu, Gopal, and Iswar Man Amatya. "Turbidity removal by rapid sand filter using anthracite coal as capping media." Journal of Innovations in Engineering Education 4, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jiee.v4i1.35142.
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Rapid sand filters are very common in all conventional water treatment plants. Capping of existing rapid sand filters can be the promising method of improving the performance of rapid sand filters. Capping is process in which upper sand bed layer of few cm is replaced with capping material. However, this technique is limited in India due to unavailability of filter materials apart from sand. Some materials suitable for capping are anthracite coal, PVC granules, bituminous coal, broken bricks, etc. The attempt is made to study the effect of capping of Rapid sand filters by the use of anthracite coal as a capping media by pilot scale study. A series of test runs and experiments using different influent turbidity were tried. The pilot scale study has shown very encouraging results. Comparative analysis shows that higher rate of filtration is possible along with higher filter run and less backwash requirement. In the present work, conventional rapid sand filter and capped rapid sand filter are compared.
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Mishra, Niharranjan, and Nabanita Das. "Coal Mining and Local Environment: A Study in Talcher Coalfield of India." Air, Soil and Water Research 10 (January 1, 2017): 117862211772891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178622117728913.
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Despite government’s repeated assertions for the sustainable mining extraction and development of rural and tribal communities living near the vicinity of mining areas, these have not been converted into implementable solutions. The natural resources from rural and tribal areas are being exploited to meet the ever-increasing requirements and aspirations of the affluent groups. With the above background, this article, taking both experimental and control villages into account, tried to explore the impact of coal mining on local environment. Although dealing with local environment, it has mostly focused on sociological impact of mining in air, water, and noise pollution. The data collected show that the suspended particulate matter concentration is alarmingly high in few sampling locations, whereas respirable suspended particulate matter concentration which once used to be within acceptable limits is now gradually approaching its standard acceptable value of 300 µg/m3. Along with uncovered coal transportation, lack of water spraying system and movement of heavy vehicles have brought an addition to air pollution to the locality. The extraction of mining has influenced the water table. The data collected from State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar, show that suspended sediments and chemical oxygen demand in most of the mining areas and biological oxygen demand in few cases have crossed the specific standard. Along with this, household survey was conducted by covering 6 villages and 600 households. The study was undertaken by following experimental design where 450 households were taken from experimental, ie, mining villages, and 150 households have been selected from nonmining areas. Of the 450 households, around 96.44% villagers responded that Mahanadi Coalfields Limited is not taking any mitigation measures to apprehend the pollution caused by mining operations.
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Mohiuddin, Md Fazla, Anindo Mahmud, Hamim Islam, and Tajandia Rahman Anchal. "Toward opening a new route for coal trading: a case study on a Bangladeshi SME." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 7, no. 3 (July 28, 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-01-2017-0003.
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Study level/applicability Undergraduate/Masters/MBA. Case overview Anamika Enterprise Limited (AEL) is an export-import company founded in 1988. Today, AEL primarily imports coal from India which it then sells to customers in Bangladesh. However, a recent ban on coal mining in the Indian state of Meghalaya has created a huge problem for AEL. It is now considering opening trade routes to China and Indonesia. For that, it will need to consider both the short- and long-term factors related to its decision. It will need to take into consideration the cultural, economic and social factors in all three countries and trade accordingly. Tariff barriers and transportation costs will be a problem for AEL in the short run but in the long run, that may be overcome because of the experience effect arising from international business. Information and communication technology is also expected to have a huge impact. Expected learning outcomes Students are expected to learn the challenges of running international business in the real world and ways to overcome these challenges. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 5: International Business.
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Venkataraman, Chandra, Michael Brauer, Kushal Tibrewal, Pankaj Sadavarte, Qiao Ma, Aaron Cohen, Sreelekha Chaliyakunnel, et al. "Source influence on emission pathways and ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution over India (2015–2050)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 11 (June 7, 2018): 8017–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8017-2018.
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Abstract. India is currently experiencing degraded air quality, and future economic development will lead to challenges for air quality management. Scenarios of sectoral emissions of fine particulate matter and its precursors were developed and evaluated for 2015–2050, under specific pathways of diffusion of cleaner and more energy-efficient technologies. The impacts of individual source sectors on PM2.5 concentrations were assessed through systematic simulations of spatially and temporally resolved particulate matter concentrations, using the GEOS-Chem model, followed by population-weighted aggregation to national and state levels. We find that PM2.5 pollution is a pan-India problem, with a regional character, and is not limited to urban areas or megacities. Under present-day emissions, levels in most states exceeded the national PM2.5 annual standard (40 µg m−3). Sources related to human activities were responsible for the largest proportion of the present-day population exposure to PM2.5 in India. About 60 % of India's mean population-weighted PM2.5 concentrations come from anthropogenic source sectors, while the remainder are from other sources, windblown dust and extra-regional sources. Leading contributors are residential biomass combustion, power plant and industrial coal combustion and anthropogenic dust (including coal fly ash, fugitive road dust and waste burning). Transportation, brick production and distributed diesel were other contributors to PM2.5. Future evolution of emissions under regulations set at current levels and promulgated levels caused further deterioration of air quality in 2030 and 2050. Under an ambitious prospective policy scenario, promoting very large shifts away from traditional biomass technologies and coal-based electricity generation, significant reductions in PM2.5 levels are achievable in 2030 and 2050. Effective mitigation of future air pollution in India requires adoption of aggressive prospective regulation, currently not formulated, for a three-pronged switch away from (i) biomass-fuelled traditional technologies, (ii) industrial coal-burning and (iii) open burning of agricultural residue. Future air pollution is dominated by industrial process emissions, reflecting larger expansion in industrial, rather than residential energy demand. However, even under the most active reductions envisioned, the 2050 mean exposure, excluding any impact from windblown mineral dust, is estimated to be nearly 3 times higher than the WHO Air Quality Guideline.
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Sarmah, Upasona. "Trade Union Leadership and Workers' Participation in Management: A Study Conducted at North Eastern Coalfields, Coal India Limited, Margherita, Assam." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 17, no. 1 (June 2017): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170103.
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Karia, V. K., and Z. S. Sadliwala. "Handling and Processing of Solid Waste at GNFC – An Approach to Zero Solid Waste." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0142.
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M/s Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers Company Limited (GNFC), located in a backward District of Bharuch in Gujarat State of India, owns the World's Largest Single Stream Ammonia and Urea plants. GNFC uses 1000 MT of oil and 1000 MT of coal every day as raw material and generates huge quantities of solid wastes like fly ash, carbon soot, lime sludge, hard coke, and spent catalysts. For management of these solid wastes, GNFC has adopted a PRODUCTIVITY oriented approach. A number of Research & Development oriented projects were undertaken as a result of which most of the solid wastes could be put to productive use. GNFC is on the verge of achieving a state of ZERO solid waste.
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Basu, Tanima, and P. K. Paul. "Creation of a web portal for dissemination of accident information of underground coal mines of Eastern Coalfields Limited, India, using web GIS." International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering 7, no. 1 (2016): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmme.2016.074600.
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Bharti, Sandhya, and Tarun Kumar Banerjee. "Bioaccumulation of Metals in the Edible Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) Exposed to Coal Mine Effluent Generated at Northern Coalfield Limited, Singrauli, India." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 87, no. 4 (August 2, 2011): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011-0371-3.
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Mahabhashyam, Ramakrishna Narashima, Sunil Pal Singh, Archana Carolin, and Maruti Sarma Mannava Varaprasada. "A study of 10 years risk prediction of CAD – applying “Framingham risk scores” among the coal mine employees of the Singareni Collieries company ltd, Telangana state, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 6 (May 22, 2017): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172193.
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Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) has become the leading cause of death. Many tools for CVD risk assessment have been devised. While it is relatively easy to identify those who are obviously at high risk, the health expenditure can be predicted and necessary high risk based preventive care programmes can be introduced. The study has been taken up with an objective of assessing “10 years risk prediction of CAD, Among the Coal Mine Employees by applying “Framingham Risk Scores.”.Methods: Study population: coal mine employees (30-60 years of age). Study area: Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL), Telangana State, India. Study design: cross-sectional observational study. Sample size: 53367coal mine workers. Sampling methods: All coal mine employees (30-60 years) working atleast of 10 years duration and those who have given consent for the study have been included. Data collection: collected from the periodic medical examination records from 2008 to 2012. Analysis: By using Micro soft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 19.Results: Majority of the workers were in the age group of 51-60 years of age, followed by 41-50 years (31.5%). 11.9% has mild risk, 3.2% has moderate risk and 0.6% has severe risk of CAD. Mining Surface labourers has marginally higher risk of CAD than “Mining Supervisory and Managerial Staff’, Opencast mining staff were found to at higher risk of CAD.Conclusions: Mining Surface labourers and opencast mining staff were found to at higher risk of CAD.
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Kumar Singh, Sudhir, and Vijay Kumar Bajpai. "Estimation of operational efficiency and its determinants using DEA." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 7, no. 4 (November 18, 2013): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-03-2013-0009.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to benchmark the performance of state-owned coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) and test whether plant-specific knowledge in terms of quality of coal, size, age and make of plant contribute to an improvement in plant efficiency. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology that is utilized in the study follows a nonparametric approach of data envelopment analysis (DEA) with sensitivity analysis and Tobit regression model. The input-oriented DEA models are applied to evaluate the overall, pure technical and scale efficiencies of the CFPPs. Further, slack analysis is conducted to identify modes to improve the efficiency of the inefficient plants. Sensitivity analysis based on peer count and the removal of variables is carried out to identify the benchmark power plant. Through Tobit and bootstrap-truncated regression model, the paper investigates whether a plant's specific knowledge influences its efficiency. Findings – The DEA analysis demonstrates that nine plants are technically purely efficient.The slack analysis reveals that reducing the consumption of oil is the most effective way to improve the efficiency of inefficient plants. Mattur plant is the benchmark for most of the inefficient plants. Regression result suggests that quality of coal and size of plant significantly affect the inefficiency of the sample plants. Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited MAKE plant achieved higher efficiency in comparison to mixed MAKE. Originality/value – This study is one of the few published studies that benchmark the performance of state-owned CFPPs. This research carried out taking some new uncontrollable parameters of power plant utilities of India. Research work also identifies the possible causes of inefficiency and provides measures to improve the efficiency of the inefficient power plant.
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Prasad Tripathy, Debi, and Tushar Ranjan Dash. "Measurement of respirable dust concentration and assessment of health risk due to metals around an opencast coal mine of Talcher, Odisha." Geofizika 36, no. 1 (2019): 77–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2019.36.2.
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Atmospheric pollution due to particulate matter in opencast coal mining area is a very important environmental problem and is fetching the attention of researchers worldwide since few decades. The particulate matter not only affects human but also have tremendous effects on nearby flora and fauna by degrading the ecological environment in many ways. High mechanization in mining operations leads to add heavy load of dust to the surrounding area. The adverse effects of dust depend on the quantity as well as the characteristics of the dust and the exposure dose. Taking the importance of the dust pollution in mines, a coal mine area of Talcher coalfield, was selected, which is one of the oldest coalfields of India and a very limited work has been carried out in that area on the regards of assessment of health risk due to metals on the local population. Monitoring of respirable dust (PM10 & PM2.5) were performed at eight monitoring stations around a high mechanised opencast coal mine for three seasons i.e., post monsoon, winter, and summer in the year 2015 as per the standard criteria of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India. The seasonal variation of dust concentration was found in the order of winter > summer > post monsoon. Ten trace metals were analysed from the dust samples. Statistical analysis, such as, univariate (correlation study) and multi-variate analysis were carried out including principal component analysis (PCA) for source identification and respective contribution to particulate matter. Finally, the health risk in terms of hazards quotient (HQ) and hazards index (HI) were calculated for both children and adults for the three exposure path ways (Inhalation, ingestion and dermal exposure). The carcinogenic effects due to the presence of trace metals in the PM10 were evaluated for both children and adults in terms of excess cancer risk (ECR). The combined carcinogenic effects of all the trace metals also calculated (ECRtotal). The HQ values for Cr and Cd were found above the safe limit in that area for both children and adults. Likewise the ECR values for Cr and Cd also were at a very risk level for both the age group. However the risk related to other metals were found well within the safe limit. The HI and ECRtotal values were found above the safe limit which indicates the combined effect of trace metals on the children and adult were at and very high risk level in the study area.
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Sinha, Vinod P., A. K. Pal, and N. C. Saxena. "Noise Impact Assessment in Tisco Mining Complexes in Jharia Coalfield." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 34, no. 1 (January 2003): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095745603321127005.
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This paper highlights the development of value function curves for noise impact assessment based on a literature review and consultation with numerous experts; applying theory to the evaluation of noise impact in the residential complexes of Jamadoba and Sijua coal mining Complexes of the Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO), Dhanbad, Jharkhand (India). The ranking and relative weightings of five important effects of noise exposure were established. The relationships between these parameters and Noise Environment Quality (NEQ) value were evaluated through available research findings and accordingly value-function curves for each parameter were developed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences; then, Resultant NEQ [NEQ (R)] was evaluated for all the residential, commercial and other sensitive areas of the Jamadoba and Sijua complexes. This was followed by the validation through a systematic reaction survey of the exposed population on a five-point scale which led to the evaluation of the percentage population which was highly dissatisfied in each of the localities, as well as the noise impact indices of both the residential complexes.
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Rastogi, Abhijit, and Virendra Kumar Paul. "A Critical Review of the Potential for Fly Ash Utilisation in Construction-Specific Applications in India." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 76, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.76.2.25166.
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In India, coal-fired power plants produce about 196 million tonnes of fly ash annually. The management of fly ash has thus been a matter of concern given the requirement of the large area of land for its disposal and potential of causing pollution of air and water. Various initiatives have been taken in the country to promote safe utilisation of fly ash. But despite these initiatives, the optimal utilisation is yet to be achieved. Most of the existing literature is related to forecasting the utilisation of fly ash in different modes and accordingly presents the promising applications, but the latent utilisation potential of applications is not yet explored. In this paper, the potential of fly ash utilisation in various construction-specific applications, i.e., cement, concrete, brick, and blocks, has been estimated through a simple framework. The study reveals that although cement is one of the most prominent applications where fly ash has been significantly utilised, it reached its threshold limit of utilisation. The scope of utilisation of fly ash in cement in the future is limited only to the extent of the rate of increase in cement consumption. The potential of fly ash utilisation in concrete is significantly higher, as the projected growth rate of ready-mix concrete (RMC) is moving upwards. However, this increased percentage of RMC will not impact much on overall fly ash utilisation as this will only balance out the share percentage of overall cement requirement. In this study, the bricks/blocks emerged out to be the application having a maximum consumption potential. This study further explores the reasons behind the sluggish performance of fly ash bricks and blocks in the market and suggests strategies for policy-level interventions that can accelerate the process of successful commercialisation.
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Zierold, Kristina M., Clara G. Sears, Abby N. Hagemeyer, Guy N. Brock, Barbara J. Polivka, Charlie H. Zhang, and Lonnie Sears. "Protocol for measuring indoor exposure to coal fly ash and heavy metals, and neurobehavioural symptoms in children aged 6 to 14 years old." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (November 2020): e038960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038960.
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IntroductionFly ash is a waste product generated from burning coal for electricity. It is comprised of spherical particles ranging in size from 0.1 µm to over 100 µm in diameter that contain trace levels of heavy metals. Large countries such as China and India generate over 100 million tons per year while smaller countries like Italy and France generate 2 to 3 million tons per year. The USA generates over 36 million tons of ash, making it one of the largest industrial waste streams in the nation. Fly ash is stored in landfills and surface impoundments exposing communities to fugitive dust and heavy metals that leach into the groundwater. Limited information exists on the health impact of exposure to fly ash. This protocol represents the first research to assess children’s exposure to coal fly ash and neurobehavioural outcomes.MethodsWe measure indoor exposure to fly ash and heavy metals, and neurobehavioural symptoms in children aged 6 to 14 years old. Using air pollution samplers and lift tape samples, we collect particulate matter ≤10 µm that is analysed for fly ash and heavy metals. Toenails and fingernails are collected to assess body burden for 72 chemical elements. Using the Behavioural Assessment and Research System and the Child Behaviour Checklist, we collect information on neurobehavioural outcomes. Data collection began in September 2015 and will continue until February 2021.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the University of Louisville (#14.1069) and the University of Alabama at Birmingham (#300003807). We have collected data from 267 children who live within 10 miles of two power plants. Children are at a greater risk for environmental exposure which justifies the rationale for this study. Results of this study will be distributed at conferences, in peer-reviewed journals and to the participants of the study.
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Chakravarthi, V. "Automatic gravity optimization of 2.5D strike listric fault sources with analytically defined fault planes and depth-dependent density." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 2 (March 2011): I21—I31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3541957.
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An automatic gravity inversion technique in the space domain simultaneously estimates the parameters of strike-limited listric fault sources and regional gravity background from a set of observed Bouguer gravity anomalies. The fault profile and regional effect are described by unknown polynomial functions of arbitrary but prescribed degree. Furthermore, the density contrast within the fault structure is presumed to be known, according to a prescribed parameterized nonlinear function of depth, in geologic settings where the detached downthrown block consists of a series of sedimentary beds whose density increases with depth. The inversion is automatic in that it initializes and determines polynomial coefficients for the fault boundary and regional gravity background from a set of observed Bouguer gravity anomalies and improves them iteratively until the modeled gravity anomalies mimic the observed anomalies. An analysis of a set of gravity anomalies attributable to a synthetic model of a listric fault structure in the presence of pseudorandom noise with and without regional background has disclosed that the algorithm yields reliable interpretations with modest error in model geometry, even in the presence of pseudorandom noise. In the presence of regional gravity background and pseudorandom noise, the estimated parameters of the structure deviate marginally from the true ones. The derived density-depth model of the Jharia coal basin in India, a pull-apart basin, has been used to analyze the observed Bouguer gravity anomalies of a boundary fault. The interpretation has yielded information consistent with drilling results and geologic setting of the basin.
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Al-Jabri, Khalifa S. "Research on the use of Ferro-Chrome slag in civil engineering applications." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814901017.
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Over recent decades there has been rapid increase in the industrial waste materials and by-products yields due to the progressive growth rate of population, development of industry and technology and the growth of consumerism. With the growing environmental pressures to reduce waste and pollution, Intensive research studies have been conducted to explore all suitable reuse methods. Wastes such as construction waste, blast furnace, steel slag, coal fly ash and bottom ash have been approved in many places as alternative materials in bridges, roads, pavements, foundations and building construction. The use of industrial solid waste as a partial replacement of raw materials in construction activities not only saves landfill space but also reduces the demand for extraction of natural raw materials. Ferrochrome slag is a by-product from the production of chrome. There are environmental and economic advantages in seeing slags as a potentially useful resource rather than as waste products. Slag management at ferrochrome producing companies has been influenced by the limited space available and financial cost implications of the slag dumps. Internationally, e.g. South Africa, India, Norway, Turkey, East Europe, China, Sweden and USA, ferrochrome slag is used commercially in the road and construction Industries. This material is being used for road construction, as aggregates in concrete industry, brick manufacturing, and in pavement construction as engineering fill and has recently been tried in cement. This paper presents an overview of the recent advances of the use of ferrochrome slag in various civil engineering applications such as road construction, and cement and concrete industries.
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Agrahari, Amit, and Samir K. Srivastava. "A data visualization tool to benchmark government tendering process." Benchmarking: An International Journal 26, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 836–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2017-0148.
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PurposeGovernment e-Procurement systems are generating tender-level process event data which are not being analyzed much. The purpose of this paper is to present a data visualization tool to benchmark the government tendering process. This tool collects, collates and presents e-Procurement process data in a meaningful way that enables comparisons and benchmarking leading to insights for process improvements and identification of the best practices. This tool is accessible on the website of South Asia’s first public procurement observatory (www.procurementobservatoryup.com) founded by the authors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors started with an initial set of key performance indicators (KPIs) based on extant literature and existing practices. The authors got them verified by various relevant stakeholders through a series of formal and informal discussions. Some of them were dropped due to observed variations or their inability to offer insights to arrive at the final set of KPIs. In this paper, the authors use actual process-level data. Government of India’s National Informatics Center has implemented e-Procurement portals in various states and public enterprises (PEs) in India which provide tender-wise detailed e-tendering process data. The authors designed a web crawler that collects these data in a tabular format, which allows an easy analysis and comparison to measure and compare government tendering process performance for the last five years for the two large PEs. The authors also engaged in discussions with the procurement executives of the two PSEs to derive meaningful managerial insights from the results obtained.FindingsUsing the public procurement data visualization tool, the authors compare the procurement process of two of the largest Indian PEs, Coal India Limited and Indian Oil Corporation on the developed KPIs and draw insights. The results show significant difference in their procurement process performance due to different practices followed by them. Through interaction with the procurement managers of these two organizations, the authors identify few good procurement practices that can be applied to improve public procurement process.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper uses actual process-level data which can be used not just to identify improvement opportunities but also to gauge the impact of any process-level change. It presents a data visualization tool to generate insights from data generated by a procurement/tendering system. Such visualization and benchmarking can uncover better procurement practices and provide an impetus toward data-driven policy formulation. Apart from the two PEs as reported in this paper, this tool has also been applied on the public procurement data of eight Indian states.Practical implicationsThe KPIs presented in this paper are aligned with the various dimensions of public procurement’s objectives. The visualization tool presented in this paper is based on the Open Contract Data Standard and has a universal application.Social implicationsThe use of technology and open data sharing as the enablers of benchmarking and process improvements help in establishing a dynamic competitive environment leading to financial savings, better services to citizens and proper use of taxpayers’ money.Originality/valueThis paper presents an original work carried out under the aegis of South Asia’s first procurement observatory at IIM Lucknow. The benchmarking tool presented in this paper uses open contract data standard and can be applied in most of the public procurement processes. This paper takes the discussions on e-Procurement to the next level, where the concern is no longer restricted to only adoption and assimilation issues, but also on how to make use of the data that these e-Procurement systems generate.
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Deo, Sandhya. "ROLE OF SOCIETY IN CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3169.
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Anything in the environment which can be used is called a ‘natural resource’. Protecting the environment from destruction is called conservation of environment.
Some of our important natural resources are forest, wildlife, water, coal & petroleum.
The resources of the earth are limited because of the rapid increase in population. The demand for resources is increasing day by day. The proper management can ensure that the natural resources are used judiciously so that they fulfill the needs of present generation and also last for the generations to come.
Water is the basic necessity for all forms of life, human beings other animals as well as plants. The various sources of water are: Rain, Rivers, Lakes, Ponds, Wells, Oceans and Glaciers. Rain is a very important source of water. Rains in India are largely due to monsoon which, lasts for a few months. High yielding Varieties of crops require more water for irrigation. The changing life style of people is consuming more water so we are not able to fulfill the demand of water for all people.
Rivers are another important source of water. The management of river water is done by constructing dams on rivers. Dams are useful for the society because of irrigation, water supply in towns and cities, generating electricity.
The public opposition on the construction of large dams on rivers is mainly due to some problems. Due to construction of dams a large number of human settlements are submerged in the water of large reservoir formed by the dam and many people are rendered homeless. It also contributes to deforestation and lose of biodiversity.
The water of most of rivers is highly polluted. The pollution of river water is caused by the dumping of untreated sewage and industrial water into it.
Wells and tube wells are other sources of water. This water is used for the irrigation of crops and for drinking purpose.
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Rai, B., S. Tiwari, and B. U. Khan. "The Jakhrana Goat in India." Animal Genetic Resources Information 29 (April 2001): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900001395.
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SummaryJakhrana is an important dairy breed of the semi-arid tract of the Rajasthan State of India. The habitat of this breed is a small hamlet in the Aravali hill ranges. The breed is spread over a limited area and the population size is small. The breed is of medium size, with a predominantly black coloured coat with white spots on ears and muzzle. Body weight, body length, punch girth, heart girth and body height at 12 months of age were respectively 30.9±1.7 kg, 69.5±1.9 cm, and 69.1±1.4 cm, 61.9±0.6 cm and 77.2±1.6 cm in males and 22.6±0.7 kg, 62.1±0.8 cm and 63.3±0.6 cm, 60.1±0.6 cm and 69.1±0.7 cm for the females. Pre-weaning and post-weaning body weight gains were higher in males. Overall milk yield in 181 days was 116 kg. Kidding rate was 75 percent in field conditions with a twinning percentage of 79.1 percent. The field survey on this breed indicated that the goats were managed in a traditional system. The goats were kept by the farmers to meet their nutritional as well as economic needs. The marketing of live goats and goat products had limitations. There is no breed conservation/improvement programme at the moment, this is urgently needed to improve this goat breed.
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Reyes-Villegas, Ernesto, Upasana Panda, Eoghan Darbyshire, James M. Cash, Rutambhara Joshi, Ben Langford, Chiara F. Di Marco, et al. "PM<sub>1</sub> composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India, across multiple seasons." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 15 (August 5, 2021): 11655–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11655-2021.
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Abstract. Air pollution in urban environments has been shown to have a negative impact on air quality and human health, particularly in megacities. Over recent decades, Delhi, India, has suffered high atmospheric pollution, with significant particulate matter (PM) concentrations as a result of anthropogenic activities. Organic aerosols (OAs) are composed of thousands of different chemical species and are one of the main constituents of submicron particles. However, quantitative knowledge of OA composition, their sources and their processes in urban environments is still limited. This is important particularly in India, as Delhi is a massive, inhomogeneous conurbation, where we would expect the apportionment and concentrations to vary depending on where in Delhi the measurements/source apportionment is performed, indicating the need for multisite measurements. This study presents the first multisite analysis carried out in India over different seasons, with a focus on identifying OA sources. The measurements were taken during 2018 at two sites in Delhi, India. One site was located at the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi (ND). The other site was located at the Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Old Delhi (OD). Non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) concentrations (ammonium, nitrate, sulfate, chloride and organic aerosols) of four aerosol mass spectrometers were analysed. Collocated measurements of volatile organic compounds, black carbon, NOx and CO were performed. Positive matrix factorisation (PMF) analysis was performed to separate the organic fraction, identifying a number of conventional factors: hydrocarbon-like OAs (HOAs) related to traffic emissions, biomass burning OAs (BBOAs), cooking OAs (COAs) and secondary OAs (SOAs). A composition-based estimate of PM1 is defined by combining black carbon (BC) and NR-PM1 (C-PM1= BC + NR-PM1). No significant difference was observed in C-PM1 concentrations between sites, OD (142 ± 117 µg m−3) compared to ND (123 ± 71 µg m3), from post-monsoon measurements. A wider variability was observed between seasons, where pre-monsoon and monsoon showed C-PM1 concentrations lower than 60 µg m−3. A seasonal variation in C-PM1 composition was observed; SO42- showed a high contribution over pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, while NO3- and Cl− had a higher contribution in winter and post-monsoon. The main primary aerosol source was from traffic, which is consistent with the PMF analysis and Aethalometer model analysis. Thus, in order to reduce PM1 concentrations in Delhi through local emission controls, traffic emission control offers the greatest opportunity. PMF–aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) mass spectra will help to improve future aerosol source apportionment studies. The information generated in this study increases our understanding of PM1 composition and OA sources in Delhi, India. Furthermore, the scientific findings provide significant information to strengthen legislation that aims to improve air quality in India.
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Manjapra, Kris K. "The illusions of encounter: Muslim ‘minds’ and Hindu revolutionaries in First World War Germany and after." Journal of Global History 1, no. 3 (November 2006): 363–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022806003044.
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German political Orientalists in the era of the First World War thought that new ethnographic methods and insights would allow them to coax Muslim populations throughout the Middle East and South Asia into violent revolt against the British. The European imperial mindset insisted that non-Western peoples could be mastered and masterminded at whim. In fact, German pursuit of absolute control of Asian populations led to their loss of control, as their misrecognitions of the facts on the ground placed them in relationships of mutually-affecting lived encounter with Indian revolutionaries. While these interactions remained largely limited to the realm of military operations during the war, they opened up into ideological encounters on the radical fringes of Weimar society in the war’s aftermath. Yet far from a study of humanistic exchange or understanding, this essay seeks to historicize the meetings of Germans and Indian émigrés and show how misrepresentations and power asymmetries were endemic to the encounter between these groups.
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Bhattacharya, Ritwija, Anirban Biswas, Sandip Bhattacharjee, and Pritha Bhattacharjee. "Occupational Lung Diseases: Causes, Consequences and Challenges." Current World Environment 12, no. 2 (August 25, 2017): 298–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.12.2.13.
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The systematic review synthesizes the diverse documentation of research on the burden of occupational lung disease (OLD) and its uncanny load in the modern industrial era greatly resembles iceberg phenomenon. The major OLDs include asbestosis, asthma, coal workers pneumoconiosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, hypoxia, lung cancer, metal fume fever, silicosis etc. We searched the literatures limited to English only in Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct using selective keywords and cross references in different combinations. The search criteria retrieved relevant but highly scattered information or data on the present context spanning both global and Indian perspectives. The present review is an updated understanding along with retrospective data of the last twenty years. The main objective of the present review is to identify the causes of common lung diseases in different occupational sectors and their consequences. Conventional to alternative diagnostic methods and potential biomarkers for disease identifications have been summarized taking into account that early diagnosis of the disease has some limitations. Identification of the disease with early predictive biomarker will be challenging and may leave a foot print for greater societal benefit.
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Maurya, Kamlesh Kumar, and Manisha Agarwal. "Organisational talent management and perceived employer branding." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 26, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-04-2017-1147.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential impact of organisational talent management practices on perceived employer branding. Talented employees are the lifeline of any organisation who contribute effectively to the organisation’s success. Talented workforce and their organisational attraction to remain productive act as a primary competitive enabler for the organizational performance. Employer branding now becomes a key factor to achieve success in business which engenders cognitive and emotional association along with positive involvement at workplace among organizational members. In the context of economic competitiveness and globalisation, employers are experiencing challenge in attracting and retaining talented workers. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses quantitative design; questionnaire survey method was used for assessing the organisational talent management and employer branding. Data have been collected through a sample of 232 executives’ class employees from various coal and iron mining industries located in Indian subcontinents. Finally, 197 responses were found to be acceptable for analysis. Hypotheses were tested using a comparison of means, correlations and multiple regression analysis. Findings Findings of the paper show that organisational talent management is strongly and positively with the perceived employer branding. Regression analysis showed that among the eight dimensions of organisational talent management, the predictors that are most effective in predicting the employer branding are, namely, rewards and remunerates fairly, manages work–life balance and attracts and recruits talent. Research limitations/implications This paper was limited by a small sample size and the use of a cross-sectional design is not done. On the ground of analysis, more specific approach is required to apply the findings to the general population. Originality/value Much of the work on employer branding is conceptual based on marketing principle and limited to deal with potential employees. This paper provides empirical evidence from the internal/current employees’ perspective, by investigating the relationship between organisational talent management practices and organisational attraction internally, that is, perceived employer branding. Present paper contributes significantly to the implication and understanding of social exchange theory, internal branding theory and social identity theory in organisational setting (Eisenberger et al., 1986; Liden et al., 1997; Masterson et al., 2000; Settoon et al., 1996; Wayne et al., 1997).
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Fondong, V. N., J. S. Pita, C. Rey, R. N. Beachy, and C. M. Fauquet. "First Report of the Presence of East African Cassava Mosaic Virus in Cameroon." Plant Disease 82, no. 10 (October 1998): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.10.1172b.
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Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) occurs in all cassava-growing regions of Africa, India, and Sri Lanka. Characterized by mosaic and distortion of cassava leaves and reduced plant growth, causing high yield losses, CMD is caused by geminiviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) transmitted through infected cuttings or by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Three such geminiviruses have been described: African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) occurs in most of the cassava-producing zones of Africa; East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) in East Africa; and Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) in the Indian subcontinent (1). The two components of ACMV and ICMV genomes, DNA-A and DNA-B, have been sequenced; only DNA-A of EACMV has been identified and sequenced. Variations in symptom expression and severity within the same cassava variety have been observed in Cameroon. To determine the nature of the virus species inducing such variations, 50 samples were collected from CMD-infected plants in the savannah and rainforest zones of Cameroon: 2 from the sahel/savannah plain, 13 from the western highland savannah, and 35 from the main cassava-producing belt of the southwestern rainforest. There is a high incidence of CMD in the rainforest region, with some farms completely infected, while in the savannah regions farms generally have less than 25% incidence. Variation in symptom expression was more common in the rainforest region. Samples were collected from plants with distinct symptoms and/or different extents of symptom severity, then analyzed with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers: JSP1, ATG TCG AAG CGA CCA GGA GAT; JSP2, TGT TTA TTA ATT GCC AAT ACT; and JSP3, CCT TTA TTA ATT TGT CAC TGC. Primer JSP1 anneals to the 5′ end of the coat protein (CP) of ACMV and EACMV; primers JSP2 and JSP3 anneal to the 3′ ends of ACMV and EACMV, respectively. Virus identification was based on presence of an amplified fragment of either virus. ACMV was detected in all 50 samples; EACMV was detected in 8. All samples infected with EACMV were from the southwestern rainforest of Cameroon and were more severely affected by the disease than single infected plants. Previous reports have limited occurrence of EACMV to East Africa (1). This is the first report of the occurrence of EACMV in West Africa. The CP gene of three isolates of EACMV from Cameroon (EACMV/CM) was sequenced from cloned PCR products. There was a high CP nucleotide sequence identity (>99%) with only two amino acid differences among all three EACMV isolates. In contrast, there was a rather low sequence identity (94%) with EACMV/TZ from Tanzania (2), suggesting they may belong to a previously undescribed West African strain of EACMV. This indicates the geminiviruses causing CMD in Africa are more widely distributed than previously reported. None of the Cameroon isolates showed the type of recombination of the EACMV isolate from Uganda (EACMV/ UG) (having the CP core segment the identical to the corresponding ACMV CP sequence) (2). This emphasizes the need for characterization of the viruses causing CMD in different cassava-growing regions of Africa since appropriate control strategies depend on adequate knowledge of disease etiology. References: (1) Y. G. Hong et al. J. Gen. Virol. 74:2437, 1993. (2) X. Zhou et al. J. Gen. Virol. 78:2101, 1997.
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Nikolovski, Aleksandar. "Sustainable Economic Development in the Transition Countries, With a Retrospect of the Republic of Macedonia." Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People 2, no. 4 (December 28, 2013): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v2i4.50.
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Sustainable development represents a civilization challenge that should meet the needs of today’s generations without jeopardizing the ability of the Earth to meet the needs of the future generations. This challenge, as an evolutionary process in which the social and economic development and the environment protection are independent, but mutual complementary components demands the solving of several issuesThe vision of sustainable economic development is based on the historical, cultural and political development of the countries. There is no unique way of sustainable development for different countries and therefore they cannot be made in the same way.The transition toward sustainable development represents a social choice that connects the global vision of the local needs and goals. The citizens must participate in the process of sustainable development. They must recognize the role they have in creating problems and finding solutions.In order to gain a general frame for the assessment of sustainable economic development it is necessary to integrate several methodologies and approaches toward the possible future generations for a quality and healthy life.One of the ways of assessing the results from the policies and the activities is the use of the principles and indicators according to which it is determined how much the countries work on sustainable development. Part of the indicators are generally accepted, and part are in a modeling phase. A systematic approach is necessary to see whether all indicators are necessary, and which of them are necessary for the assessment of sustainability. The economists do not have problems in executing the objective and quantitative indicators. The sociologists are facing many problems in the execution of indicators because of the immateriality of the life quality. However, the environment experts see problems when they are limited in the execution of indicators.Sustainable development is much more than a mutual connection between the economy, the law and the ecology in establishing relations between the indicators of sustainable development and the economic development are the basis for creating conceptual link between the different approaches toward sustainable economic development.The aim of this paper is the implementation of today’s relevant experiences, practices and theoretical knowledge expressed through the changes that are reflected in the life in the Republic of Macedonia:• Protection of natural resources• Sustainable production and consumption• Sustainable sources of energy and• Following and reporting about the conditions, supported by the following indica-tors:• Level of citizens’ involvement in the social activities• Number of companies that have an ecological strategy• Number of people involved in the planning process• Number local communities in the Republic of Macedonia, which are eco-logically oriented• Number of shops that sale home food and organically developed food• Number of companies for organic production• Renewable sources of energy in the Republic of Macedonia• The level of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere The elaboration of the final material will go through the following principles: Participation of local citizens. Key segment of the implementation of the Agenda 21; Short-term plans that support the municipalities that environmentally oriented; Local production, which is forced whenever possible;The oil, coal, gas, water should be saved and renewable sources of energ y should be used instead.
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Gupta, Rajesh, Ekaterina Kozyreva, Pavel Chistyakov, Petr Lavrinenko, and Igor Smirnov. "Limited Capacity of Railways for Coal Transportation in India: Evidence from ArcGIS-based Load Flow Study." Indian Economic Journal, October 13, 2020, 001946622095310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220953107.
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How much coal will India need to transport in future and is the rail network poised to handle that requirement are two important questions for the emerging economy. To find answers to these questions, this study creates a distribution model of coal freight traffic on Indian Railways, analyzing the sufficiency of infrastructure for future economic needs. Using data on spatial distribution of coal mines, coal traffic volumes and rail sectional capacities, this study creates sectional capacity maps as main visual tool for analysis. Sections with bottlenecks are identified for next ten years’ coal transport need of the country. The simulation done in this study finds 15% under-delivery for the 900mT coal demand in the country by 2030 due to transport bottlenecks. Based on this analysis, the article presents the conclusions on possible influence of existing conditions of coal transportation on India’s economy in the long-term period and also considers the role of dedicated freight.
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Maji, Gosai, and Uma Sankar Malik. "An Analysis of Financial Performance of the Coal Mining Industries: A Case Study of Raniganj Coalfield of Eastern Coalfield Limited." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, June 16, 2021, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2021/v21i830407.
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The leading coalfield of India, the Raniganj coalfield under Eastern Coalfield Limited is recognised as the birth place of the Indian coal mining industry and one of the most prominent coalfields not only in India but also in the world. It is also the second largest supplier of superior quality of coal in the nation at present subsequent to Jharia coalfield. Raniganj and Jharia Coalfields (RCF & JCF) can be recognised as mirror image in the history of coal mining in India. Both the coal mining areas are witnessing mining of coal for more than 230 years. With the shifting of economic structure of the country, the cold filed region has registered quite a lot of ups and down in its financial performance. From this point of view the current paper is an attempt to assess the financial performance in the field of mining segment of Raniganj Coal Field, the most important coal producer in West Bengal. The whole study is entirely based on secondary data. A period of five year from 2014-15 to 2019-20 has been determined for the study. The data have been tabulated, analysed and interpreted with the help of Z Score Model and Economic Value Added (EVA) based on financial ratios. It is observed from the analysis of various financial ratios that the revenue earning capability, liquidity condition and long-standing solvency situation of RCF, is to a certain extent good during the entire study period and the level of bankruptcy situation is also very low.
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"“Perception of Employees on Organizational Culture of Singareni Collieries Company Limited (With Special Reference to Kothagudem Mines, Khammam District, Telangana State)”." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 1 (November 10, 2019): 1772–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.l3603.119119.
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Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) is the second largest coal mining company in India after Coal India Limited (CIL) with a total man power of 56,282 during 2016-17. It is a public sector coal mining company jointly owned by Telangana State Government (51 Percent share capital) and the Government of India (49 percent share capital). The company’s accredited function is to explore and exploit coal deposits in the Godavari Valley coal field area covering the four districts of Telangana State namely Adilabad, Karimnagar, Khammam and Warangal. The company markets its coal to diverse industries such as thermal power plants, cement, steel, paper, textiles, tobacco, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, distilleries etc. With spurt in industrial growth and the resultant increase in demand for electricity, the company has been playing a key role in the growth and development of the nation. Further, the new Electricity Act providing opportunities for independent power production and distribution, the demand for coal has increased phenomenally. In short, the demand for its coal is more than what it can supply to the market. Hence the company has to take measures to increase its coal production and productivity, which in turn to a large extent depends upon positive organizational culture. In a dynamic and changing environment, culture’s flexibility, adaptiveness and responsiveness create organizational capabilities. Organizational culture plays a vital role in the survival and success of organizations. Hence, the present article focuses on the perception of employees of SCCL on the Organizational Culture that is prevailing and whether the present Organizational culture is conducive to the productive performance or not. Certain Statistical tools like Chi-Square test, ANOVA and T-test have been applied to validate the perception of employees.
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Guha, Sonali, and K. N. Singh. "Source rock potentiality of Ib-Valley Coals, Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, Orissa, India." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 29 (October 2, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v29i0.31713.
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Rock eval pyrolysis is instrumental in rapid evaluation of maturation and source rock characteristics by providing vital information about the quantity, type and thermal maturity of organic matter. The Ib-Valley coal deposits have been characterized for their source rock potentiality and thus to explore the chances of their involvement in hydrocarbon generation.
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Singh, Udayan, Naushita Sharma, and Jennifer B. Dunn. "Revisiting Geologic Storage Potential in Unconventional Formations Is Key to Proactive Decision Making on CCS in India." Frontiers in Climate 3 (July 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2021.708320.
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Global energy modeling exercises project significant deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) to bridge the gap between India's pledged climate commitments and the 1. 5°C target. Despite advances in laboratory analyses and process modeling, the information on geologic storage potential in India is limited. Prior studies indicate that the vast majority of storage potential exists in saline aquifers (50–300 Gt-CO2); though, this might be overestimated. These estimates also estimate the theoretical potential in coal seams to be <5 Gt-CO2 while shale basins have not been evaluated as geologic CO2 sinks on a systems level. Based on several recent climate developments and CCS best practices, we suggest revisiting these potential estimates. We demonstrate how revisiting some assumptions might enhance the coal repository available as a sink by a factor of 7–8. We also present proof-of-concept analysis to show that Indian shale reservoirs might have suitable CO2 adsorption capacity. With detailed recommendations for revising these estimates, we present a methodological framework for incorporating the best practices for coal seam and shale basin storage potential. Based on source-sink mapping exercises, we also argue that unconventional basins in India are especially relevant because of their proximity to large point sources of CO2.
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Mahapatra, Diptiranjan, and Ravindra Dholakia. "Are Public Sector Monopolies Benign? The Case of Coal India Ltd." Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, March 19, 2015, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/case.iima.2020.000161.
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With the establishment of Competition Commission of India (CCI), Competition law-class actions, especially with regards to abuse of dominance by monopolists, are slowly becoming unhappy realities with both government-owned as well as private companies. This case used Coal India Limited (CIL), a public monolith which was penalized recently by CCI, as a subject of analysis to delve deeper into various conceptual understandings related to public sector functioning, such as public versus private provisioning, natural versus designed monopoly, dominance versus abuse of dominance, corporate governance versus government mandated governance, and finally natural resource allocation.
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Tripathi, Dr Ram Narayan. "Gearing Up of Human Capital of Coal Miner-Coal India Limited for Creating Great Company of World Class A Case Study." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2410710.
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Tripathi, Dr Ram Narayan. "HR Capital has Got Great Role to Play in Sustainable Development of Coal Mines of Coal India Limited A Vision 2050." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2410745.
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"Assessment and Modelling of Dust Concentration in an Opencast Coal mine in India." Issue 4 17, no. 4 (November 25, 2015): 825–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001617.
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<p>Dust pollution is a major problem in opencast mines. Many activities are associated with generation of dust that makes a cloud of pollutant at the work environment and the surrounding areas. Activities as drilling, blasting, transportation, surface miner etc. are the principle sources of generation of dust in mines. This paper focuses on the monitoring of dust level at different operational areas of the mine, characterization of dust collected from different sources, personal exposure of dust and finally prediction of dust concentration at different locations of the mine and nearby areas using AERMOD software. The study was conducted at Lakhanpur opencast mine of MCL (Mahanadi Coalfields Limited), a subsidiary body of CIL (Coal India Limited) the largest coal producing company of the world. The study was done in the month of December 2013, using DustTrakII at nine different locations in the mine. The quartz content of dust was determined using FTIR analysis. Personal Dust Sampler (PDS) was used to determine the personal dust exposure value for different workers. Dust dispersion modelling was done by using AERMOD and isopleths were plotted.</p>
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Tripathi, Dr Ram Narayan. "An Insight into Role of Human Capital Viz-a-Viz Mechanization in Coal Mining Areas in Special Reference to Coal India Limited." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2411409.
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Tripathi, Dr Ram Narayan. "The Best Way to Predict the Future is to Create it Vis---Vis Create HR Cpaptal World Class in World Class, State Run Coal Minier Coal India Limited - Authorrs Perception." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2422214.
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