Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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Du, Kun, Yu Li, and Ming Lei Lian. "Analysis of the Factors in Affecting the Performance of Coal Liquefaction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.195.

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Coal liquefaction is a conversion processes which coal generates liquid hydrocarbon and little gas hydrocarbon by its catalytic hydrogenation. Nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and other heteroatoms were removed from coal at the same time. Coal liquefaction is not only conducive to improve the utilization of coal resources, but also would ease China's oil tense situation. Improve the conversion efficiency of coal is the focus of coal liquefaction research, and the influence factor on coal liquefaction rate were discussed in this paper. It mainly related to coal type, coal petrographic macerals and catalysts.
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Demirbas, M. Fatih. "Nitrogenous Chemicals from Carbon Based Materials." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 23, no. 3 (June 2005): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/014459805774852065.

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Coal and biomass consist carbon-based materials can be used as a source of chemicals. There are four widespread processes allow for making chemicals from coals and biomass: Gasification, liquefaction, direct conversion, and co-production of chemicals and fuels along with electricity. The carbon-based materials are gasified to produce synthesis gas (syngas) with a gasifier which is then converted to parafinic liquid fuels and chemicals by Fischer-Trops synthesis. The humus substances can be recovered from brown coal by alkali extraction. Ammonium sulfate from coal tar by pyrolysis can be converted to ammonia. Nitrogenous biomass materials such as animal and municipal wastes are nitrogen-rich materials. All natural systems include ammonia concentrations below 2 ppm.
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Slavinskaya, N. A., U. Riedel, V. E. Messerle, and A. B. Ustimenko. "Chemical Kinetic Modeling in Coal Gasification Processes: an Overview." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 15, no. 1 (December 24, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj134.

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<p>Coal is the fuel most able to cover world deficiencies in oil and natural gas. This motivates the development of new and more effective technologies for coal conversion into other fuels. Such technologies are focused on coal gasification with production of syngas or gaseous hydrocarbon fuels, as well as on direct coal liquefaction with production of liquid fuels. The benefits of plasma application in these technologies is based on the high selectivity of the plasma chemical processes, the high efficiency of conversion of different types of coal including those of low quality, relative simplicity of the process control, and significant reduction in the production of ashes, sulphur, and nitrogen oxides. In the coal gasifier, two-phase turbulent flow is coupled with heating and evaporation of coal particles, devolatilization of volatile material, the char combustion (heterogeneous/porous oxidation) or gasification, the gas phase reaction/oxidation (homogeneous oxidation) of gaseous products from coal particles. The present work reviews literature data concerning reaction kinetic modelling in coal gasification. Current state of related kinetic models for heterogeneous/homogeneous oxidation of coal particles, included plasma assisted, is reviewed.</p>
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Khare, S., and M. Dell'Amico. "An overview of conversion of residues from coal liquefaction processes." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 91, no. 10 (March 18, 2013): 1660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.21771.

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Strand, Julian, Reem Freij-Ayoub, and Shakil Ahmed. "Simulating the impact of coal seam gas water production on aquifers." APPEA Journal 52, no. 1 (2012): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11042.

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Derived from a larger scale project, which studied geomechanical issues associated with coal seam gas (CSG) production, this paper investigates a hypothetical case study based on the Latrobe Valley, Gippsland Basin, Victoria. The paper focuses on examining aquifer water management associated with CSG production-related water extraction. As such, the paper limits itself to determining the volume of water production from a hypothetical case study area in the Latrobe Valley. A simplistic property model and methane production strategy has been used. The impact of extraction of this water on the hydraulic head in aquifers underlying the produced seams is quantified. The Latrobe Valley Depression contains 129,000 million tonnes of coal resources and is one of the world’s largest, and lowest cost, energy sources. Most of Victoria’s electricity is generated using coal from the Loy Yang, Morwell and Yallourn mines. In addition to these massive operations, significant additional coal resources are available and unallocated at this time. Opportunities exist for the continued usage of these resources for electricity production, gasification, liquefaction and other coal conversion processes, as well as solid fuel for industrial, domestic and other uses. The existence of data from the Victorian Department of Primary Industries 2003 coal resource model was the main reason for the selection of the case study, and their data was used to form a model of the stratigraphy of the Latrobe Valley. Aquifer models were simulated in MODFLOW, based on extraction figures modelled in the CSG simulator COMET3.
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Sarwono, Rakhman, Silvester Tursiloadi, and Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring. "Carbonization of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) in Hydrothermal Processes to Produce Biochar." Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia 18, no. 02 (December 30, 2016): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkti.v18i02.46.

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ABSTRACT Empty fruit bunch (EFB) of palm oil is a waste from the palm oil industries which in a large amount, those waste is not properly utilized yet. EFB is a lignocelluloses waste as a polymer with big molecule such as cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses that can be degraded into smaller molecules in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process. The HTC process of EFB will result three fractions such as gas, organic water soluble and biochar as solid residue or bio-char-water-slurry. EFB degradation is influenced by the operation conditions such as temperature, pressure, catalysts, reaction time, stirring and ratio liquid and solid. The HTC process involved many routes of reaction such as liquefaction, hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation, condensation, aromatization, and polymerization. In this experiment 60 ml closed vessel was used as the HTC reactor to degrade of EFB. EFB concentration of 6.44% resulted 62% of conversion. Reaction time of 6 hours resulted 62 % of conversion. Increasing the reaction time and temperature increase the conversion of EFB. Liquid products of organic water soluble has cleared yellow color, after several hours the color become darkness that is further reaction still occurs in that solution. Solid products is biochar as brown coal, that can be easily separated and processed into powder, pellet or briquette form with outstanding storage and transport characteristics. For further economic development, biochar with excellent transport characteristics, the possibility of exporting this commodity to the worlds energy market is possible. Key words: EFB, hydrothermal, carbonization, conversion, biochar
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Heydari, Mehran, Moshfiqur Rahman, and Rajender Gupta. "Effect of initial coal particle size on coal liquefaction conversion." International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology 12, no. 1 (2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijogct.2016.075850.

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Whitehurst, D. D. "Modeling two-step coal liquefaction processes." Fuel Processing Technology 12 (March 1986): 299–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3820(86)90083-4.

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Heydari, Mehran. "Thermal Drying Methods on Coal Liquefaction Conversion." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2019.57.60.

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Wang, Shaojie, He Huang, Keyu Wang, Michael T. Klein, and William H. Calkins. "Kinetics of Coal Liquefaction Distillation Resid Conversion." Energy & Fuels 12, no. 6 (November 1998): 1335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef980102z.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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Belghazi, Ahmed. "The initial deactivation of a coal liquid hydrocracking catalyst." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239409.

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Anders, Mark. "Technoeconomic modelling of coal conversion processes for liquid fuel production." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10240/.

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Since the oil crisis of 1973 considerable interest has been shown in the production of liquid fuels from alternative sources. In particular processes utilizing coal as the feedstock have received considerable interest. These processes can be divided into direct and indirect liquefaction and pyrolysis. This thesis describes the modelling of indirect coal liquefaction processes for the purpose of performing technical and economic assessment of the production of liquid fuels from coal and lignite, using a variety of gasification and synthesis gas liquefaction technologies. The technologies were modeled on a 'step model' basis where a step is defined as a combination of individual unit operations which together perform a significant function on the process streams, such as a methanol synthesis step or a gasification and physical gas cleaning step. Sample results of the modelling, covering a wide range of gasifiers, liquid synthesis processes and products are presented in this thesis. Due to the large number of combinations of gasifier, liquid synthesis processes, products and economic sensitivity cases, a complete set of results is impractical to present in a single publication. The main results show that methanol is the cheapest fuel to produce from coal followed by fuel alcohol, diesel from the Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis process,gasoline from Mobil Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) process, diesel from the Mobil Methanol Olefins Gasoline Diesel (MOGD) process and finally gasoline from the same process. Some variation in production costs of all the products was shown depending on type of gasifier chosen and feedstock.
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Searle, Diane. "The industrial use of inorganic tin compounds in coal conversion processes and other systems." Thesis, City University London, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292720.

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Braun, Nadine [Verfasser], Martin [Gutachter] Muhler, and Wolfgang [Gutachter] Grünert. "Oxidative processes for the direct conversion of coal under mild conditions / Nadine Braun. Gutachter: Martin Muhler ; Wolfgang Grünert." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1102525014/34.

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Eskay, Thomas Patrick. "Radical cation chemistry : its potential role in coal conversion. An investigation of the mechanism of the Ullmann condensation /." Diss., 1995. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9705007.

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Books on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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International Rolduc Symposium on Coal Science (1st 1986). Coal characterisation for conversion processes, 1986: Proceedings of the First International Rolduc Symposium on Coal Science, April 28-May 1, 1986, Rolduc, The Netherlands. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1987.

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Coal combustion and conversion technology. New York: Elsevier, 1986.

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Coal, Conversion Contractors' Review Meeting (1984 Calgary Alta ). Proceedings of the Coal Conversion Contractors' Review Meeting: November 14-16, 1984, Calgary, Canada. [Ottawa]: Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, CANMET, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, 1985.

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Chakrabartty, S. K. Evaluation of Alberta plains coals for pyrolysis and liquefaction processes. Devon, Alta., Canada: Coal Research Dept., Alberta Research Council, 1985.

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Anders, Mark. Technoeconomic modelling of coal conversion processes for liquid fuel production. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1991.

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O'Brien, W. S. Characterizing the solid residues from future "clean coal" conversion processes. S.l: s.n, 1994.

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(Editor), Jacob A. Moulijn, and Freek Kapteijn (Editor), eds. Coal Characterization for Conversion Processes (Rolduc symposia on coal science). Elsevier, 1987.

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H, Schlosberg Richard, ed. Chemistry of coal conversion. New York: Plenum Press, 1985.

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Coal conversion in Brazil: Technology and economics. Brasília: SETEC, 1985.

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New Trends in Coal Conversion: Combustion, Gasification, Emissions, and Coking. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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Lin, Jiunn-Ren, Teh Fu Yen, and George Hsu. "The Effect Of Surfactants To The Conversion Of Coal And Coal-Derived Asphaltenes In Coal Liquefaction Process." In Asphaltene Particles in Fossil Fuel Exploration, Recovery, Refining, and Production Processes, 141–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2456-4_11.

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Maa, Peter S., Ken L. Trachte, and Richard D. Williams. "Solvent Effects in Exxon Donor-Solvent Coal Liquefaction." In Chemistry of Coal Conversion, 317–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3632-5_7.

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Tromp, P. J. J., F. Kapteijn, and J. A. Moulijn. "Determination of Coal Behavior for Practical Coal Conversion Processes." In Clean Utilization of Coal, 75–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1045-9_7.

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Smith, K. Lee, L. Douglas Smoot, Thomas H. Fletcher, and Ronald J. Pugmire. "Char Oxidation, Conversion, and Reaction Rate Processes." In The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal, 325–408. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1322-7_6.

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Chakma, A. "Asphaltene Conversion During Coal-Bitumen Co-Processing." In Asphaltene Particles in Fossil Fuel Exploration, Recovery, Refining, and Production Processes, 47–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2456-4_4.

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Davis, Burtron H. "Chapter 5 | Coal-to-Liquid Conversion Processes: A Review." In Fuels and Lubricants Handbook: Technology, Properties, Performance, and Testing, 2nd Edition, 115–43. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/mnl3720160019.

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Meyer, E. Gerald, Sai Raghuveer Chava, Jingbo Louise Liu, and Sajid Bashir. "Clean Coal Conversion Processes–The Present and Future Challenges." In Advances in Sustainable Energy, 571–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74406-9_20.

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Wang, Qinhui. "Coal Staged Conversion Polygeneration Technology Combining with Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes." In Advances in Energy Systems Engineering, 157–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42803-1_6.

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Burgess Clifford, C., and C. Song. "Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion." In Advances in Clean Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing, 105–54. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857093783.2.105.

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Mazumder, B. "Coal conversion processes." In Coal Science and Engineering, 145–451. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857098269.145.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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Slavinskaya, N. A. "Chemical Kinetic Modeling in Coal Gasification Processes: An Overview." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23362.

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Coal is the fuel most able to cover world deficiencies in oil and natural gas. This motivates the development of new and more effective technologies for coal conversion into other fuels. Such technologies are focused on coal gasification with production of syngas or gaseous hydrocarbon fuels, as well as on direct coal liquefaction with production of liquid fuels. The benefits of plasma application in these technologies is based on the high selectivity of the plasma chemical processes, the high efficiency of conversion of different types of coal including those of low quality, relative simplicity of the process control, and significant reduction in the production of ashes, sulphur, and nitrogen oxides. In the coal gasifier, two-phase turbulent flow is coupled with heating and evaporation of coal particles, devolatilization of volatile material, the char combustion (heterogeneous/porous oxidation) or gasification, the gas phase reaction/oxidation (homogeneous oxidation) of gaseous products from coal particles. The present work reviews literature data concerning modelling of coal gasification. Current state of related kinetic models for coal particle gasification, plasma chemistry and CFD tools is reviewed.
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Jin, Hongguang, and Lin Gao. "Polygeneration System for Power and Liquid Fuel With Sequential Connection and Partial Conversion Scheme." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59927.

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As one important direction of clean coal technology with promising prospect, polygeneration system has an attractive performance both in coal liquefaction (or chemical production) and power generation. On the basis of the integration principle of chemical energy cascade utilization, a novel polygeneration system for power and liquid fuel (methanol) production, which innovatively integrates the fresh gas production subsystem without water-gas shift unit and the methanol synthesis subsystem adopting partial-recycle scheme, has been proposed in this paper. Taking another polygeneration system adopting the water-gas shift unit and Once Through Methanol (OTM) scheme as the reference, the new system has been investigated and assessed. The primary energy saving of new system is as high as 15%, which is significantly superior to 5∼8% in the reference system. With special attention on the interactions between the chemical production process and the thermal cycle, the integration features of the new system and the internal reason for its superior performance have been revealed, and the role of chemical energy utilization in system integration has been identified.
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Serio, Michael A., Hsisheng Teng, Kim S. Knight, Stephen C. Bates, Stuart Farquharson, Anthony S. Bonanno, Peter R. Solomon, et al. "In-situ fiber optic FTIR spectroscopy for coal liquefaction processes." In Optical Tools for Manufacturing and Advanced Automation, edited by Stuart Farquharson and Jeremy M. Lerner. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.166281.

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Cooper, John F. "Direct Conversion of Coal and Coal-Derived Carbon in Fuel Cells." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2495.

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A direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) using a carbon-rich derivative of coal would maximize the conversion efficiency of this vast energy resource by avoiding the efficiency limitations of heat engines. A total conversion efficiency of 80% (based on heat of combustion of carbon) has been achieved at 30–120 mA/cm2 using carbon materials extracted from coal and other fossil resources. High experimental efficiency is grounded in two favorable aspects of the reaction thermodynamics. The net fuel cell reaction (C + O2 = CO2) has a nearly zero entropy change and therefore a theoretical efficiency of 100%. The fixed chemical potentials of carbon reactant and CO2 product make possible the full utilization of fuel in a single pass through the cell. The pure CO2 product can be used directly in enhanced oil and gas recovery, or sequestered. Historically, the development of carbon fuel cells have been limited by low anode rates, accumulation of impurities in the electrolyte, logistics of refueling, and lack of suitable cathodes. These problems are being addressed by recent developments of highly reactive carbon materials, low-cost techniques for separation of coal from ash, the possibility of pneumatic distribution of solid particulate fuel to the cells, and availability of cathodes from the molten carbonate fuel cell technology. Rate depends on atomic scale disorder and accessibility of reactive sites, but not on purity. Sources of suitable anode fuel include thermally decomposed products of (1) mechanical and chemical coal/ash separation or (2) solvent extraction. With current understanding of the cell basics, the next steps are demonstration of an engineering scale fuel cell stack (∼1 kW), supported by development of coal-to-carbon processes and techniques of electrolyte management. Successful development of a direct conversion fuel cell for coal (or coal-derived carbon) has extraordinary implications in extending the energy reserves of coal-producing nations, easing the control of regulated emissions at the plant, and expanding the use the earth’s greatest fossil resource while decreasing emissions of greenhouse gas.
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Raj, S. "Coal Oxidation." In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-238.

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Coals contain considerable amounts of oxygen in their structures ranging from 30% in brown coal to about 1.5% in anthracites. The distribution of coal oxygen in various functionalities changes drastically with increasing rank. The hetero-atom functionalities in coal and coal products are of importance in the processing of coal. The process of coal conversion relevant to the steam and gas turbine applications are pyrolysis, oxidation and combustion processes. Initial stages of pyrolysis and oxidation (combustion) are the thermal decomposition of the solid coal matrix to free radicals. Oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and mineral containing free radicals play an important role during combustion thermodynamically. The differences between the coal functionalities in the solid coal matrix contribute to oxidation reactions of first and second order. The first and second order reactions affect the corrosion and deposition rates of the machine components differently. In this paper functionality differences of various coals with respect to their oxidation characteristics will be discussed.
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Newby, R. A., and R. L. Bannister. "Advanced Hot Gas Cleaning System for Coal Gasification Processes." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-338.

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The United States electric industry is entering a period where growth and the aging of existing plants will mandate a decision on whether to repower, add capacity or do both. The power generation cycle of choice, today, is the combined cycle that utilizes the Brayton and Rankine cycles. The combustion turbine in a combined cycle can be used in a repowering mode or in a greenfield plant installation. Today’s fuel of choice for new combined cycle power generation is natural gas. However, due to a 300-year supply of coal within the United States, the fuel-of-the future will include coal. Westinghouse has supported the development of coal-fueled gas turbine technology over the past thirty years. Working with the U.S. Department of Energy and other organizations, Westinghouse is actively pursuing the development and commercialization of several coal-fueled processes. To protect the combustion turbine and environment from emissions generated during coal conversion (gasification/combustion) a gas cleanup system must be used. This paper reports on the status of fuel gas cleaning technology and describes the Westinghouse approach to developing an advanced hot gas cleaning system that contains component systems that remove particulate, sulfur, and alkali vapors. The basic process uses ceramic barrier filters for multiple cleaning functions.
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Ali, S. N., K. Ismail, M. A. M. Ishak, and A. H. Jawad. "Coal liquefaction using a tetralin-glycerol co-solvent system: effect of temperature and reaction time on conversion and product yield." In ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/esus140761.

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Liu, Yaoxin, Libin Yang, Mengxiang Fang, Guanyi Chen, Zhongyang Luo, and Kefa Cen. "Development of Coal Partial Gasification and Combustion System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-54064.

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A new system using combined coal gasification and combustion has been developed for clean and high efficient utilization of coal. Following are the processes. The coal is first partially gasified and the produced fuel gas is then used for industrial purpose or as a fuel for a gas turbine. The char residue from the gasifier is burned in a circulating fluidized bed combustor to generate steam for power generation. For having the experimental investigation, a 1MW pilot plant test facility has been erected. Experiments on coal partial gasification with air, and recycle gas have been made on the 1 MW pilot plant test facility. The results show that, with air as gasification agent, the system can produce 4–5MJ/Nm3 low heating value dry gas and fuel conversion efficiency attains 50–70% in the gasifier, and residue 20–40% converted in the combustor and total conversion efficiency in the system is over 90%. In the gasifier, the carbon conversion efficiency increases with the bed temperature and the air blown temperature. CaCO3 has an effective effect for sulfur removal in the gasifier. The sulfur removal efficiency attains 85% with Ca/S molar ratio 2.5. The system can produce 12–14MJ/Nm3 middle heating value day gas by using high temperature circulation solid as heat carrier and recycle gas or steam as gasification media, but the fuel conversion efficiency only attain 30–40% in the gasifier and most of fuel energy is converted in the combustor. CaCO3 has an obvious effect on tar cracking and H2S removal. The sulfur removal efficiency attains 80% with Ca/S molar ratio 2.5.
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Xu, Gang, Hongguang Jin, Yongping Yang, Liqiang Duan, Wei Han, and Lin Gao. "A Novel Coal-Based Hydrogen Production System With Low CO2 Emissions." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59787.

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In this paper, we have proposed a novel coal-based hydrogen production system with low CO2 emission. In this novel system, a pressure swing adsorption H2 production process and a CO2 cryogenic capture process are well integrated to gain comprehensive performance. In particular, through sequential connection between the PSA H2 production process and the CO2 capture unit, the CO2 concentration of PSA purge gas that entering the CO2 capture unit can reach as high as 70%, which results in as much as 90% of CO2 to be separated from mixed gas as liquid at temperature of −55°C. This will reduce the quantity and quality of cold energy required for cryogenic separation method, and the solidification of CO2 is avoided. The adoption of cryogenic energy to capture CO2 enables direct production of liquid CO2 at low pressure, and thereby saves a lot of compression energy. Besides, partial recycle of the tail gas from CO2 recovery unit to PSA inlet can help to enhance the amount of hydrogen product and lower the energy consumption for H2 production. As a result, the energy consumption for the new system’s hydrogen production is only 196.8 GJ/tH2 with 94% of CO2 captured, which is 9.2% lower than that of the coal-based hydrogen production system with Selexol CO2 removal process, and is only 2.6% more than that of the coal-based hydrogen production system without CO2 recovery. What’s more, the energy consumption of CO2 recovery is expected to be reduced by 20–60% compared to that of traditional CO2 separation processes. Further analysis on the novel system indicates that synergetic integration of the H2 production process and cryogenic CO2 recovery unit, along with the synthetic utilization of energy, plays a significant role in lowering energy penalty for CO2 separation and liquefaction. The promising results obtained here provide a new approach for CO2 removal with low energy penalty.
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Halow, J. S. "Power Generation Through Coal Gasification: An Overview of DOE-Funded Projects." In 1985 Joint Power Generation Conference: GT Papers. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-jpgc-gt-5.

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The U.S. Department of Energy is currently sponsoring a variety of projects aimed at developing advanced systems for power generation using coal gasification as the central conversion process. These systems include both gas turbines and fuel cells as power generating devices and emphasize hot gas cleanup for equipment protection and environmental control from coal contaminants. Gasification projects in the DOE program cover a range of scales from laboratory investigations to PDU scale plants. Fundamental studies of gasification reactions, ash chemistry, transport processes, and modeling are being conducted to uncover potential improvements that may be made to gasification processes and to ways of reducing cleanup burdens on downstream equipment. Several PDU scale projects are being sponsored to further promising processes. Gas stream cleanup emphasize hot control of particulates, sulfur, alkali, and trace species which may damage power generation equipment. A systems approach has been adopted in formulating strategies for these programs. This approach and brief description of projects in gasification and cleanup will be presented.
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Reports on the topic "Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion processes"

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Campbell, D., D. G. Nichols, D. J. Pazuchanics, H. Huang, M. T. Klein, R. A. Winschel, S. D. Brandes, S. Wang, and W. H. Calkins. A Characterization and Evaluation of Coal Liquefaction Process Streams The Kinetics of Coal Liquefaction Distillation Resid Conversion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2244.

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Klein, M. T., W. H. Calkins, H. Huang, S. Wang, and D. Campbell. A characterization and evaluation of coal liquefaction process streams. The kinetics of coal liquefaction distillation resid conversion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656657.

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Klein, M. T., W. H. Calkins, and He Huang. Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation: The preliminary evaluation of the kinetics of coal liquefaction distillation resid conversion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10145709.

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4

Hagaman, E. (Molecular structure of coal and coal conversion processes). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7089731.

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Solomon, P. R., M. A. Serio, D. G. Hamblen, L. D. Smoot, and B. S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5474406.

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Solomon, P., M. Serio, D. Hamblen, L. Smoot, and S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5701802.

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Solomon, P. R., M. A. Serio, D. G. Hamblen, L. D. Smoot, and B. S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7010542.

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Solomon, P. R., M. A. Serio, D. G. Hamblen, L. D. Smoot, and B. S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6350098.

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Solomon, P., M. Serio, D. Hamblen, L. Smoot, and S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5280098.

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Solomon, P. R., M. A. Serio, D. G. Hamblen, L. D. Smoot, and B. S. Brewster. Measurement and modeling of advanced coal conversion processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6931606.

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