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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coal mines and mining, history'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2024

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1

Samson, Daniel Joseph. "Industry and improvement, state and class formations in Nova Scotia's coal-mining countryside, 1790-1864." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20585.pdf.

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2

Kirshner, Eli Martin. "Race, Mines and Picket Lines: The 1925-1928 Western Pennsylvania Bituminous Coal Strike." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin158825965126023.

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3

Atkin, Michael. "The 1984/85 miners strike in east Durham : a study in contemporary history." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2015/.

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4

Peck, Thomas Russell. "The demographic history of an English coal mining parish : Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham 1660-1820 /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487332636477659.

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5

Peters, Gregory Merrill Deschaine. "Forever wild journeys through the North Fork /." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12292009-115313.

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6

Haffert, Laura, and n/a. "Metalloid mobility at historic mine and industrial processing sites in the South Island of New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Geology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090921.144328.

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Rocks of the South Island of New Zealand are locally enriched in metalloids, namely arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) and boron (B). Elevated levels of As and Sb can be found in sulphide minerals mostly in association with mesothermal gold deposits, whereas B enrichment occurs in marine influenced coal deposits. The mobility of these metalloids is important because they can be toxic at relatively low levels (e.g. for humans >0.01 mg/L of As). Their mobilisation occurs naturally from background weathering of the bedrock. However, mining and processing of coal and gold deposits, New Zealand's most economically important commodities, can significantly increase metalloid mobility. In particular, historic mines and associated industrial sites are known to generate elevated metalloid levels because of the lack of site remediation upon closure. This work defines and quantifies geological, mining, post-mining and regional processes with respect to metalloid, especially As, mobility. At the studied historic gold mines, the Blackwater and Bullendale mines, Sb levels in mineralised rocks were generally negligible (<14 ppm) compared to As (up to 10,000 ppm). Thus, Sb concentrations in solids and in water were too low to yield any meaningful information on Sb mobility. In contrast, dissolved As concentrations downstream from mine sites were found to be very high (up to 59 mg/L) (background = 10⁻� mg/L). In addition, very high As concentrations were found in residues (up to 40 wt%) and site substrate (up to 30 wt%) at the Blackwater processing sites (background < 0.05 wt%). Here, roasting of the gold ore converted the orginal As mineral, arsenopyrite, into the mineral arsenolite (As[III] trioxide polymorph) and volatilised the sulphur. The resultant sulphur-defficient chemical system is driven by arsenolite dissolution and differs significantly from mine sites where arsenopyrite is the main As source. Arsenolite is significantly more soluble than arsenopyrite. In the surficial environment, arsenolite dissolution is limited by kinetics only, which are slow enough to preserve exposed arsenolite over decades in a temperate, wet climate. This process results in surface waters with up to ca. 50 mg/L dissolved As. In reducing conditions, dissolved As concentrations are also controlled by the solubility of arsenolite producing As concentrations up to 330 mg/L. Field based cathodic stripping voltammetry showed that the As[III]/As[V] redox couple, in particular the oxidation of As[III], has a major control on system pH and Eh. Site acidification is mainly caused by the oxidation of As[III], resulting in a close link between As[V] concentrations and pH. Similarly, a strong correlation between calculated (Nernstian) and measured (electrode) Eh was found in the surface environment, suggesting that the overall Eh of the system is, indeed, defined by the As[III]/As[V] redox couple. Once the metalloid is mobilised from its original source, its mobility is controlled by at least one of the following attenuation processes: (a) precipitation of secondary metalloid minerals, (b) co-precipitation with - or adsorption to - iron oxyhydroxide (HFO), or (c) dilution with background waters. The precipitation of secondary minerals is most favoured in the case of As due to the relatively low solubility of iron arsenates, especially at low pH (~0.1 mg/L). Observations suggest that scorodite can be the precursor phase to more stable iron arsenates, such as kankite, zykaite, bukovskyite or pharmacosiderite and their stability is mainly controlled by pH, sulphur concentrations and moisture prevalence. Empirical evidence indicates that the sulphur-containing minerals zykaite and bukovskyite have a similar pH dependence to scorodite with solubilities slightly lower than scorodite and kankite. If dissolved As concentrations decline, iron arsenates potentially become unstable. Their dissolution maintains a pH between 2.5 and 3.5. This acidification process is pivotal with respect to As mobility, especially in the absence of other acidification processes, because iron arsenates are several orders of magnitude more soluble in circum-neutral pH regimes (~100 mg/L). From this, it becomes apparent that external pH modifications, for example as part of a remediation scheme, can significantly increase iron arsenate solubility and resultant As mobility. In contrast to As, the precipitation of secondary Sb and B minerals is limited by their high solubilities, which are several orders of magnitude higher than for iron arsenates. Thus, secondary Sb and B minerals are restricted to evaporative waters, from which they can easily re-mobilised during rain events. Metalloid adsorption to HFO is mainly controlled or limited by the extent of HFO formation, which in turn is governed by the availability of Fe and prevailing Eh-pH conditions. Thus, mineralisation styles and associated geochemical gradients, in particular pyrite abundance, can control the amount of HFO and consequent metalloid attenuation, and these can vary even within the same goldfleld. Furthermore, it was found that there is a mineralogical gradation between ferrihydrite with varying amounts of adsorbed As, amorphous iron arsenates and crystalline iron arsenates, suggesting that the maturity of mine waste is an important factor in As mineralogy. Once dissolved metalloids enter the hydrosphere, dilution is the main control on metalloid attenuation, which is especially pronounced at the inflow of tributaries. Dilution is, therefore, closely related to the size and frequency of these tributaries, which in turn are controlled by the regional topography and climate. Dilution is a considerably less effective attenuation mechanism and anomalous metalloid concentrations from mining related sites can persist for over 10 km downstream. The complex and often inter-dependent controls on metalloid mobility mean that management decisions should carefully consider the specific site geochemistry to minimize economic, health and environmental risks that can not be afforded. On a regional scale, background metalloid flux determines the downstream impact of an anomalous metalloid source upstream. For example, the Bullendale mine is located in a mountainous region, where rapidly eroding slopes expose fresh rock and limit the extent of soil cover and chemical weathering. Consequently, the background As flux is relatively low and As point sources, such as the Bullendale mine, present a significant contribution to the downstream As flux. In contrast, the bedrock at the Blackwater mine has undergone deep chemical weathering, resulting in an increased background mobilisation of As. Thus, the Prohibition mill site discharge, for example, contributes only about 10% to the downstream As flux. This information is relevant to site management decisions because the amount of natural background metalloid mobilisation determines whether site remediation will influence downstream metalloid chemistry on a regional scale.

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7

Gildart, Keith. "The social and political development of the North Wales miners 1945-1996." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286039.

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8

Troch, Kevin. "Ne pas grever l'avenir au bénéfice du présent : Une histoire environnementale de l’extraction du charbon de la fin du 18e siècle à l’Entre-deux-guerres : un développement non soutenable. : L’exemple du Couchant de Mons et du Valenciennois." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H004.

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Ce travail de recherche étudie l’histoire des impacts environnementaux de l’extraction du charbon dans les bassins miniers du Couchant de Mons et du Valenciennois du 18e siècle jusqu’à l’Entre-deux-guerres ainsi que l’émergence de la logique extractiviste en Belgique et en France. Il met en lumière les fondements culturels et les bases scientifiques et législatives qui ont permis l’expansion de l’extraction du charbon dans ces deux pays, notamment au point de vue de la régulation des dégâts miniers. Ensuite les réactions des États, des entreprises minières et des habitants des bassins aux dégradations environnementales causées par l’extraction du charbon sont abordées. Les processus de négociation, les jeux de pouvoir et les mouvements d’opposition au charbon sont au cœur de cette interrogation. Le poids important des charbonnages dans la régulation des dégâts miniers, la volonté des gouvernements à permettre l’extraction du charbon et le développement d’une « guerre contre le charbon » par les habitants des bassins houillers sont analysés à partir de plusieurs situations exemplatives. Enfin, la thèse envisage l’influence des géologues et des ingénieurs des mines dans la création d’une « science des dégâts miniers » à travers trois controverses scientifiques : la séismicité induite, les théories des affaissements miniers et les inondations engendrées par l’extraction de la houille
This is a study on the history of the environmental impacts of coal mining in the « Couchant de Mons » and the « Valenciennois » basins and the development of extractivism in Belgium and France from the 18th century to the Inter-war Period. It highlights the cultural foundations and the scientific and legal basis explaining the expansion of coal mining in these two countries, especially regarding the regulation of mining damages. Reactions of the States, mining companies and the inhabitants of the basins to the environmental damages caused by coal extraction are also analyzed. Processes of negotiation, power strategies and movements against coal mining are at the heart of this thesis. The heavy weight of collieries in the regulation system of mining damages, the willingness of governments to allow the extraction of coal and the development of a « War against coal » by the inhabitants are analyzed from several exemplary situations. Finally, this work considers the influence of geologists and mining engineers in the creation of a « science of mining damages » through three scientific controversies : induced seismicity, theories on mining subsidence and flooding engendered by coal mining

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9

Forrest, W. "The development of new coal mines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378766.

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10

Harvey, Harvey Blevins Madison D. Soyini. "Mines-bodies a performance ethnography of Appalachian coal mining /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,187.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Studies (Performance Studies)." Discipline: Communication Studies; Department/School: Communication Studies.

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11

Meyer, Petrus C. "Feasibility of thin seam coal mining at Dorstfontein Coal Mine." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09072005-113231/.

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12

Noppé, Mark Adrian. "Geological controls for coal exploration and mining." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005566.

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The identification and interpretation of geological features is essential for the planning and ultimate success of any mining venture. Examples of geological features significant for mining are presented, and their identification during exploration discussed. In particular, the importance of coal qualities, seam thickness and seam elevation are emphasised in relation to longwall mining. Geostatistical analysis provides a powerful tool for improving the prediction and decision-making capabilities of both exploration and mine geologists. The availability of geostatistics, and the benefits resulting from its application, are demonstrated using actual data for calorific value, seam thickness and seam elevation. Contamination of run-of-mine coal is a common problem on highly-mechanised collieries. The problem generally arises from over-cutting of the designated mining horizon. A practical system for monitoring and controlling contamination on a mechanised bord-and-pillar and longwall colliery is presented. The results and benefits of applying such a system are cited for an actual longwall colliery. Numerical geological predictions are not always reported in terms of the reliability of such estimates. Many of these values can be reported in terms of confidence limits, particularly for routine grade control purposes. The methods and benefits of such reporting are described and illustrated by way of examples for calorific value and contamination levels.

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13

Brendliner, Robert Lee. "Toxicity analysis of coal mining industry NPDES discharges in Southwest Virginia /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01122010-020036/.

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14

Griffin, Kenneth R. "Design Criteria for Wireless Mesh Communications in Underground Coal Mines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76759.

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The Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) Act of 2006 was enacted in response to several coal mining accidents that occurred in the beginning of 2006. The MINER Act does not just require underground mines to integrate wireless communication and tracking systems, but aims to overall enhance health and safety in mining at both surface and underground operations. In 2006, the underground communication technologies available to the mining industry had inherent problems that limited communication capabilities. Since the passage of the MINER Act, there have been several developing applications for underground wireless communications. Underground wireless communications allow signals to propagate and take multiple paths to destinations providing a survivable, redundant, and adaptable means of communication and tracking. An underground wireless communications allow underground and surface personnel to directly correspond to one another without being as restricted as hardwired systems. Communication systems also allow miners to be tracked underground to provide a real-time or last known post-accident position, and ensure a more efficient rescue operation. In order to increase the overall efficiency of developing communication systems there is a need for modeling of wireless signal propagation in underground mines. Research, modeling, and analysis of wireless signal propagation in underground mines ongoing and developing with underground communications systems as the systems progress. The work on this project is based upon the Accolade system from L-3 Communications Global Security and Engineering Solutions but applies to all underground wireless mesh systems currently available. A general approach is taken to solving underground wireless communications networks to allow the design criteria to be adaptable to other communication systems belong the Accolade system. The data is based upon measurements and field work that took place July 2007 through December 2008 in International Coal Group's Sentinel Mine in Philippi, West Virginia. Comms, a computer method developed at the Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research at Virginia Tech, allows underground mine communication networks to be solved and analyzed. Comms was developed to solve and analyze underground wireless communication networks. The method which Comms solves communication networks is not mine specific and may be adapted to predict the performance of a system(s) in another mine. The developed model discussed in Chapters 3 and 4 highlights the general signal loss parameters that are encountered by wireless signals in a mine. The model predicted the signal strength observed when encountering those categorized signal losses within 16 percent of the data measured during a mine survey. The model has been developed in a general manner to allow future investigation and pinpointing of additional interferences that occur within the underground environment. Wireless communications have proven to be the way of the future and will continue to be integrated into underground coal mines as mandated by the MINER Act. Wireless communications systems are a redundant and survivable means of communication that will be utilized in not only emergency and rescue efforts but daily operational communication as well.
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15

Sellami, Moncef. "Recoverable reserve estimation in multiple seam mines." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040606/.

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16

Roy, Mimi. "A detailed sequential extraction study of selenium in coal and coal-associated strata from a coal mine in West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4431.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 93 p. : ill. (some col.), map (part col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).

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17

Meyer, Petrus Cornelius. "Feasibility of thin seam coal mining at Dorstfontein Coal Mine." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27806.

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18

Young-On, Harold. "An economic evaluation of backfilling in Virginia's coal mines." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-172231/.

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19

Crellin, David J. "Ground instability associated with mineworkings and groundwater in opencast coal mines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375916.

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20

McCoy, Kurt J. "Estimation of vertical infiltration into deep Pittsburgh coal mines of WV-PA a fluid mass balance approach /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=2745.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 150 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-90).

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21

Li, Zhongxue. "Determining the size and life of underground coal mines." Diss., This resource online, 1987. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022008-063243/.

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22

Kleski, Kurt W. "GIS Uses for Modeling Subsurface Conditions in Ohio Coal Mines." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1511877505215923.

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23

Zahiri, Hani. "A predictive GIS methodology for mapping potential mining induced rock falls." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060725.120628/index.html.

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24

Eades, Robert. "MODERN ROCK DUST DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION FOR USE IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/27.

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Following the promulgation of new permissible respirable dust standards by MSHA in 2014, new alternative rock dusts were created that combined the advantages of current industry applications while potentially reducing miner exposure to respirable dust. Research was performed to compare the explosion suppressing and ejection characteristics of three new types of rock dust to existing rock dust types. Explosion suppression tests were conducted in a 38-L chamber where pressures were recorded. Angle of ejection tests were conducted using a high explosive shock tube and high speed photography to determine angle of ejection and lift velocity. A comprehensive comparison of the results of these tests shows that these newly developed dusts have improved results for flame suppression and ejection when compared to typical wet dust applications.

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25

Salyer, Melanie. "An evaluation of the economic and environmental impacts of coal mining Flat Gap, Pound, Wise County, Virginia, as case study : a thesis presented to the Department of Geology and Geography in candidacy for the degree of Master of Science /." Diss., Maryville, Mo. : Northwest Missouri State University, 2006. http://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/theses/SalyerMelanie/index.htm.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Northwest Missouri State University, 2006.
The full text of the thesis is included in the pdf file. Title from title screen of full text.pdf file (viewed on January 25, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

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26

Douglas, Alexander D. "STATUS OF COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/13.

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In 2006, Congress passed the MINER Act requiring mine operators to submit an emergency response plan that included post-accident communications and tracking systems to MSHA within three years of the Act. These systems were required to be designed for maximum survivability after a catastrophic event, such as a fire or explosion, and to be permissible (meets MSHA criteria for explosion-proof). At that time, no commercially available systems existed that met these standards. Several companies undertook developing new, or enhancing existing, technologies to meet these requirements. This research presents the results of a study that was conducted to determine the present day types of systems being used, along with their average annual worker hours, coal production, number of mechanized mining units, and type of communications and tracking systems installed. Furthermore, 10 mines were visited to obtain detailed information related to the various technologies. It was found the most influential parameters on system selection include MSHA district, mining method, and number of underground workers.

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27

Moses, Lucian Benedict. "Flotation as a separation technique in the coal gold agglomeration process." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2155.

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Thesis (MTech (Chemical Engineering))--Cape Technikon, 2000.
Internationally, there is an increase in the need for safer environmental processes that can be applied to mining operations, especially on a small scale, where mercury amalgamation is the main process used for the recovery of free gold. An alternative, more environmentally acceptable, process called the Coal Gold Agglomeration (CGA) process has been investigated at the Cape Technikon. This paper explains the application of flotation as a means of separation for the CGA process. The CGA process is based on the recovery of hydrophobic gold particles from ore slurries into agglomerates formed from coal and oil. The agglomerates are separated from the slurry through scraping, screening, flotation or a combination of the aforementioned. They are then ashed to release the gold particles, after which it is smelted to form gold bullion. All components were contacted for fifty minutes after which a frother was added and after three minutes of conditioning, air, at a rate of one I/min per cell volume was introduced into the system. The addition of a collector (Potassium Amyl Xanthate) at the start of each run significantly improved gold recoveries. Preliminary experiments indicated that the use of baffles decreased the gold recoveries, which was concluded to be due to agglomerate breakage. The system was also found to be frother-selective and hence only DOW-200 was used in subsequent experiments. A significant increase or decrease in the air addition rate both had a negative effect on the recoveries; therefore, the air addition rate was not altered during further tests. The use of tap water as opposed to distilled water decreased the attainable recoveries by less than five per cent. This was a very encouraging result, in terms of the practical implementation of the CGA process.

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28

Kolli, Shiva Prasad B. "Analyses of coal extraction and spoil handling techniques in mountainous areas." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1971.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 64 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).

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29

Veldman, Kirmar Adriaan. "A focussed approach towards safety in support of coal mining operations in the South African coal mining industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/978.

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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African Mining industry has had a poor safety performance over the past couple of years, which led to a lot of questions being asked about how effective mining operations are managed. Numerous concerns and opinions have been raised on the reasons why no improvement is seen in organisations’ safety trends. The general concern in the mining industry is that safety and operations are managed as separate entities and not as an integrated unit. Besides the perception of operational issues that are managed more diligently than safety issues, the associated competency levels of line personnel are also questioned. Safety management systems in mining organisations are also under the spotlight in respect of quality, effective application and a positive contribution in preventing accidents and incidents. A more intensified focus on safety is required by the respective mining houses. The main contributing factors that lead to accidents and incidents need to be determined. The possible reasons for the unsatisfactory safety results can be divided into controllable and uncontrollable elements when seen from a safety perspective. The controllable elements are all possible reasons for why a safety management system is not working. There might also be different contributors to poor safety performance but these are definitely underlying to the main reasons identified. The influence of human behaviour on accidents as well as the considered organisation safety system is essential in safety management. Human behaviour is a function of the characteristics of both the person and the environment. Individuals bring elements to the organisational setting, including abilities, personal beliefs, expectations and past experiences. The environment provided by an organisation has a number of features: jobs, relationships between people, work that needs to be done, rewards available to individuals, and so on. Behaviour results from the interaction of individual and organisational characteristics. The behaviour of humans and the understanding thereof will be a science in its own right. To prevent incidents, one should know their causes. As Louis Pasteur put it, over 100 years ago: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf presteer die afgelope aantal jaar swak wat betref veiligheidsbestuur en ŉ hele aantal vrae word gevra oor hoe effektief mynbouoperasies bestuur word. Verskeie besorgdhede en opinies is gelug oor die moontlike redes waarom daar geen verbetering in ondernemings se veiligheidsindekse ervaar word nie. Die algemene bekommernis in die mynboubedryf is dat veiligheid en operasionele verantwoordelikhede afsonderlik bestuur word en nie as ŉ geïntegreerde eenheid nie. Afgesien van die persepsie dat operasionele uitdagings meer doelgerig bestuur word as veiligheid, word die gepaardgaande bevoegdheidsvlakke van lynpersoneel ook bevraagteken. Veiligheidsbestuurstelsels in mynbouondernemings is ook onder verdenking wat betref gehalte, effektiewe toepassing en ’n positiewe bydrae ten opsigte van ondersteuning en voorkoming van insidente en ongelukke. ŉ Meer intense fokus op veiligheid word benodig by die onderskeie mynhuise. Die belangrikste bydraende faktore wat tot ongelukke en insidente lei, moet bepaal word. Die moontlike redes vir onbevredigende veiligheidsresultate kan verdeel word in beheerbare en onbeheerbare elemente wanneer gesien vanuit ŉ veiligheidsperspektief. Die beheerbare elemente is moontlike redes waarom ŉ veiligheidbestuurstelsel nie werk nie. Daar kan moontlik ook ander bydraende faktore wees tot ŉ swak veiligheidsprestasie maar dit is definitief onderliggend tot die hoofredes soos geïdentifiseer. Die invloed van menslike gedrag op ongelukke sowel as die inaggenome veiligheidstelsel van die organisasie is essensieel by veiligheidsbestuur. Menslike gedrag is ŉ funksie van die eienskappe van beide die persoon en die omgewing. Individue bring sekere elemente na die organisatoriese opset wat vermoëns, persoonlike oortuigings, verwagtings en ondervinding insluit. Die omgewing geskep deur organisasies behels ŉ aantal elemente: werksomskrywing, verhoudings tussen mense, werk wat gedoen moet word, vergoeding van individue, ens. Gedrag is die resultaat van die interaksie tussen individue en die kenmerke van die organisasie. Die gedrag van mense en begrip daarvan sal ŉ wetenskap in eie reg bly. Om insidente te verhoed, moet die oorsake bekend wees. Soos Louis Pasteur dit meer as 100 jaar gelede gestel het: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”

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30

Godard, Michel. "Enjeux et impacts de l'exploitation minière du bassin houiller de Ronchamp (1810/1870)." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01010900.

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Le petit bassin minier de Ronchamp Champagney, situé dans les Vosges saônoises à environ soixante-dix kilomètres au Sud de Mulhouse, a été exploité de 1750 à 1958. Ce mémoire retrace l'histoire de l'exploitation charbonnière de 1812 à 1867, période de basculement technique au moment de la première révolution industrielle. Le mode d'extraction change de technologie et d'échelle pour stabiliser à la fois ses structures techniques et son espace d'exploitation. L'analyse prend le parti d'un double regard celui des enjeux de fond et des contraintes de surface, appréhendés principalement à partir des procès-verbaux des délibérations des conseils d'administration et des assemblées générales. Cette histoire reste liée à la vision entrepreneuriale de quelques notables locaux et à la persistance de relations familiales et personnelles. Ignorée par une métallurgie comtoise agonisante, paradoxalement la concession houillère contribue fortement au processus d'industrialisation alsacien, fournissant du charbon aux chaudières des machines à vapeur. L'histoire du bassin minier de Ronchamp, bien qu'enclavé dans son territoire, atteste néanmoins la réalité d'une modernité technique, et la quête permanente d'une rationalité productive.

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31

Gurgenli, Hakan. "Geomechanical and weathering properties of weak roof shales in coal mines." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4717.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 99 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).

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32

Puri, Ritu. "Model development, testing and computer implementation for a coal blending and distribution problem." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-125132/.

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33

Maneya, George Jameson. "An integrated study of coal geology and potential environmental impact assessment at Mchenga Coal Mine in Livingstonia Coalfield in Malawi." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/480.

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This study was carried out on the main coal-producing and the extensively block-faulted area of Mchenga Coal Mine, southeast of the 90 km2 intracratonic Livingstonia Coalfield in the north of Malawi. It was initiated against the background of indistinct information on coal geology, shortage of energy and potential environmental threats due to mine activities. The study aimed at integrating investigations of characterization of the lithostratigraphy, coal seam correlation, coal quality determination, examination of the mineralogy and geochemistry of coal and hosts rocks, assessment of water quality and providing information for mining and potential environmental and water quality impact assessment in the study area. The methodologies used in this study include literature review, field visits, mapping, sites selection and characterization, borehole logging, geochemical analyses, data processing and interpretation. The geochemical analyses include proximity analysis of coal quality, microscopy and X-ray Diffraction for mineralogy and petrology, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) for rock geochemistry and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for determination water geochemistry. The results have shown that a) The Coal Measures comprises of four to six coal seams in different localities, and the occurrence is flat and gently dipping southeast and are correlated. Thicknesses of the coal seams vary from 0.10m to 3.0m with some notable lateral and horizontal variations. Thick and workable seams occupy the lower portion of the Coal Measures and are exposed along the North Rumphi River bank; b) Coal quality belongs to sub-bituminous ‘A’ to ‘C’ on ASTM classification (1991), being characterised by low moisture content (0.8 to 1.3 wt percent) and sulphur content (0.49 to 0.85 wt percent), high ash content (9.0 to 17 wt percent) and volatile matter (24 to 32.9 wt percent), fixed carbon (53.6 to 62.6 wt percent), calorific value (7,015 to 7,670 kcal/kg); c) Mineral matters constitute approximately 9.55 to 38.34 wt percent of the coal samples, predominantly clays (interstratified illite/smectite and kaolinite) with varying proportions of quartz, mica and feldspars, as well as minor calcite and pyrite and their geochemistry, being characterised by enrichment of SiO2 from 5.37 to 20.56 wt percent, Al2O3 (2.63 to 11.21 wt percent) and K2O (0.32 to 3.65 wt percent) with trace concentrations of CaO (0.04 to 0.41 wt. percent), MgO (0.08 to 0.65 wt percent) and P2O5 (0.018 to 0.037 wt percent) and Na2O concentration notably below 0.01 wt percent; d) Calcite and pyrite constitute minor concentration in both sandstones and shales; e) Water quality in the area is characterised as two groups of acidic (pH 3.3-6.4) and near-neutral to slightly alkaline (pH 6.9-7.3) and low pH, high TDS, SO42- and EC are noted at the coal crusher plant which points out to high leaching of trace elements such as Pb and Fe. Na++K+ are dominant in upper sections of North Rumphi and Mhlepa Rivers. Ca2+ cations are dominant at crusher plant, underground mine and lower section of Mhlepa; f) Based on the geochemistry analysis, Na and trace elements such as Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Zn, Rb, Sr and Zr from coal and host rocks have the ability to contribute significantly to deterioration in the ground and surface water quality in the study area. It can be concluded that the coals of the Livingstonia Coalfield belong to Gondwana group deposited in sub-basin with multiple seams embedded in sandstone and shale host rocks.

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34

Stewart, Barry Robert. "Physical and chemical properties of coarse coal refuse from Southwest Virginia." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040755/.

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35

DeFreez, Richard K. "A diode laser source for DIAL methane measurements in coal mines /." Full text open access at:, 1985. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,82.

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36

Shultz, James Edward. "Programmable logic controllers and supervisory control and data acquisition a system design for increased availability." Ohio : Ohio University, 1991. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1239733126.

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37

Chelin, Monique Josette. "Water in the coal mining industry : an assessment of water management issues facing the coal mining industry of the Witbank and Middelburg Dam catchments." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05292006-103231/.

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38

Saifee, Quaid J. "Strategic and tactical models and algorithms for the coal industry under the 1990 Clean Air Act." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020130/.

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39

Dillon, Helena Joy. "Rogernomics and Rupture: Huntly's Response to the Corporatisation of State Coal Mines in 1987." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Humanities, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4873.

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This thesis captures the memories of the 1987 Huntly mineworkers who were severely impacted by the corporatisation of State Coal Mines. There were just 19 days between the announcement of job-loss numbers and employment notices being sent out. Over half of the workforce was made redundant. For some of the miners, there were opportunities and new challenges, for others it was the end of their working lives. This thesis considers how the redundancies affected the miners, their families, and the wider community. As a coal town, Huntly is steeped in mining tradition. There was an unwritten social contract between State Coal Mines and the community, which was replaced with a clause advocating social responsibility in the State-Owned Enterprises Act. Miners share a deep sense of camaraderie, reinforced by their dangerous working conditions. Social employment policies meant that generations of a wider family network could be working together in one location. Huntly was placed under enormous strain as a result of the widespread redundancies. A level of social dysfunction, including illiteracy and domestic violence, became apparent in Huntly during this time. Despite the shock, the community rallied around to support the miners, and to explore options for future business and employment in Huntly. This thesis is based on oral history and examines the response of those who were affected in 1987. Their recollection of the corporatisation process and the effects it had on their community are revealing. Furthermore, this thesis explores the reaction of the community to the redundancies and highlights initiatives that were implemented to mitigate the effects. The miners’ perspective of how corporatisation affected their community, and the challenges Huntly faces to the present day, are also considered.

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40

McGraw, David P. "Analysis of factors affecting wireless communication systems in underground coal mines." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=6036.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 59 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59).

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41

Wade, Scott A. "Stream flow characterization over longwall coal mines in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5655.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 322 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 212-217).

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42

Krco, Zeljko. "Interaction between mine and plant in coal processing /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18633.pdf.

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43

Mitchell, Mickey D. "Analysis of underground coal mine refuge shelters." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5770.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 70 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).

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44

Meyr, Rex Allen Jr. "DEVELOPMENT OF 15 PSI SAFE HAVEN POLYCARBONATE WALLS FOR USE IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/3.

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Following three major mining accidents in 2006, the MINER Act of 2006 was enacted by MSHA and required every underground coal mine to install refuge alternatives to help prevent future fatalities of trapped miners in the event of a disaster. The following research was performed in response to NIOSH’s call for the investigation into new refuge alternatives. A 15 psi safe haven polycarbonate wall for use in underground coal mines was designed and modeled using finite element modeling in ANSYS Explicit Dynamics. The successful design was tested multiple times in both half-scale and small scale using a high explosive shock tube to determine the walls resistance to blast pressure. The safe haven wall design was modeled for an actual underground coal mine environment to determine any responses of the wall within a mine. A full scale design was fabricated and installed in an underground coal mine to determine any construction constraints and as a final step in proof of concept for the safe haven design.

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45

Jones, Tristan H. "Development of a high-resolution target movement monitoring system for convergence monitoring in mines." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Jones_09007dcc804d4863.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed May 6, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-235).

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46

Selman, Paul Harry. "An approach to the assessment of the agricultural impacts of coal mining." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1787.

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Contentions that expansion of the British coal mining industry into predominantly rural areas may pose serious threats to agriculture and food production are reviewed in the light of the available evidence. It is considered that, whilst the severity of impacts and rate of future development may have been overstated, the conflicts are sufficiently significant to warrant close examination. Further, land use planners are responding for the first time to mining proposals affecting entire coalfields, thus making it essential to establish the correct principles of development from the outset. It is noted that past assessments of agricultural impacts have failed to reflect their diverse and pervasive nature, thus necessitating the identification of more appropriate methods of forecasting. In the light of current weaknesses in practice, it is argued that a formal system of impact assessment may prove necessary. Those characteristics of mining operations and associated end-uses which are likely to affect agriculture are analysed, as are those aspects of the farm enterprise most vulnerable to disruption. These various characteristics are then used as a basis for the assessment of mining-agriculture impacts. A review of the strategic nature of impacts arising from mining programmes is considered desirable, and limited proposals are made regarding assessment at this scale. More detailed consideration is given to an appraisal framework for individual mining proposals, and this is tested in relation to part of the 'Vale of Belvoirl coalfield. It is concluded that, although further methodological refinements and field investigations are necessary, the early implementation of an impact assessment procedure is nevertheless justified.

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47

Smith, William Donald. "Ethnicity, class, and gender in the mines : Korean workers in Japan's Chikuhō coal field, 1917-1945 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10457.

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48

Rai, Arunkumar R. "Characterization of noise and design of active noise control technology in longwall mines." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4412.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 65 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).

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49

Richardson, Claire Marie. "Quantification and Characterisation of Particulates from Australian Coal Mines: Towards Improved Emissions Estimation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/386554.

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The community health effects associated with exposure to particulate pollution are well documented. Furthermore, the World Health Organisation has identified that no safe limit exists for community exposure to particulate pollution. In this context, policy and regulations associated with particulate exposure continue to reduce the allowable exposure thresholds both in Australia and overseas. This has consequences for industries such as mining, which is currently the primary source of industrial particulate emissions in Australia. Atmospheric dispersion modelling of particulates is a key tool used to inform environmental policy decisions. The accuracy of dispersion modelling has been found to be critically reliant on the quality of the input data, with the emission data inputs being a key variable. Particulate emission estimation methods currently adopted in Australia are of varying quality and only a limited sub-set of emission estimation methods are soundly based on local empirical data. The use of estimation methods developed for other regions has been shown to introduce significant uncertainty to emission estimation and pollution inventories. In the absence of appropriate local data, a number of the currently adopted particulate emission estimation techniques in Australia rely on methods based on data for other regions such as the United States. In addition, there is an almost complete absence of empirical data relating to PM10 and PM2 5 emissions from specific mining activities in Australia and overseas, and this a significant gap in our current understanding. The objective of this research programme is to characterise and define the appropriate emission rates for particulates for a range of activities at open cut coal mines in Australia. This objective was achieved by addressing a series of focus questions as follows: i. What are the key sources of emissions in Australian open cut coal mines? ii. What emission rates are currently used to define particulate emissions from mining activities at open cut coal mines, and how appropriate are they? iii. Is there significant variation in emission rates within mines due to local features of the mine or operations? iv. What are the appropriate emission rates to adopt for mines in different regions of Australia? To respond to these focus questions, the research has involved collection of source emission samples from a range of activities at Australian open cut coal mines. Three key approaches have been adopted. Firstly, PM10 and PM2 5 sampling at the boundary of mines and specific locations downwind of the mine has been completed. The samples were subsequently subject to chemical and visual analysis to identify particulate characteristics. Secondly, sampling of emission rates from erodible surfaces at coal mines has been completed using a portable wind tunnel methodology. Finally, sampling of a range of particulate sources in coal mines has been completed using a downwind sampling transect technique and subsequently applying Gaussian plume calculation techniques to determine the emission rate at the source. Practical components of the research have been completed in accordance with published peer reviewed methodologies and standard procedures. The guidance of regulatory agencies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency in relation to developing a high-quality emission dataset has also been considered in developing the methodologies adopted for the field data collection and analysis. A range of quality assurance measures have been adopted. For field work and laboratory analysis these include pre and post calibration of field instrumentation, provision of field and laboratory blanks, temperature and humidity controlled analytical environments and selection of appropriate instrumentation and Quantification and Characterisation of Particulates from Australian Coal Mines: Towards Improved Emissions Estimation 4 methodologies. All data analysis has been subject to a quality assurance review of calculation methodologies and the overall results, to confirm the accuracy and validity of the datasets. The results of these research activities provide new knowledge in relation to a range of aspects of particulate emissions from Australian coal mines. The new knowledge can be summarised as follows: • At the boundary of a mine the percentage of PM2 5 particulates is close to 50 % lower than in the typical urban environment. However, these particulates have potential to be transported over long distances, hence the mine can remain a significant source of PM2 5 particulates in the region. • The size fractionation of particulate emissions from different regions can vary significantly, hence development of regional emission datasets is necessary. • New region and activity specific TSP and PM2 5 emission rates have been determined for Australian open cut coal mines • Emission estimation equations have been determined for calculation of TSP emission rates for wind speeds in the range 5 m s-1 to 12 m s-1. This will allow estimation of region-specific emission rates based on local meteorological conditions. • Typical haul route watering rates at Australian mines achieve a control efficiency of 27 %. The water application rate is well below the rate defined in the currently adopted emission estimation methodologies for achieving 50 % particulate emission control. • The US EPA moisture ratio approach for estimating haul route watering control efficiency is not representative of Australian conditions. • The research has confirmed the significance of local meteorological conditions for accurate estimation of mining particulate emissions for specific regions. • Surface crusting reduces particulate emissions from surfaces at wind speeds up to 6.7 m s-1. Overall, the research makes an original contribution to the current research relating to particulate emissions from open cut coal mines. The research expands on our current understanding of particulate sources in open cut coal mines with respect to size fractions, chemical and physical composition, and emission rates for a range of mining activities. The accuracy and applicability of the currently adopted haul route watering control efficiency calculation has been explored and found to significantly over estimate actual control efficiencies in practice for Australian coal mines. The research also validates the currently adopted open cut coal mining emissions estimation methods and provides hitherto unavailable empirical data relating to emission rates for particulates from a range of open cut coal mine sources. This provides a sound empirical basis for improving the accuracy of particulate emission estimation techniques for Australian open cut coal mines.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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50

Dunn, Paul Gregory. "Fluid drainage into boreholes within coal seams /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17776.pdf.

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