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1
Jin, Jiaqi, Chicheng Yan, Yixuan Tang, and Yilong Yin. "Mine Geological Environment Monitoring and Risk Assessment in Arid and Semiarid Areas." Complexity 2021 (June 3, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3896130.
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Along with the accelerated shift of coal mining to the ecologically fragile west, the contradiction between coal resource development and ecological protection in the western arid and semiarid coal mining areas is rapidly intensifying. Based on the above background, this thesis takes the coal mining area in the arid and semiarid regions as an example; applies the theories of ecology, coal mining subsidence, geodesy, and ecological restoration; uses remote sensing in synthetic aperture radar (SAR), geographic information system (GIS), and mathematical modelling to reveal the ecological evolution law of the mining area; measures the ecological damage of the mining area; and then proposes a reasonable ecological restoration strategy. The surface deformation monitoring study in the study area shows that on the whole, some areas in the study area have different degrees of surface subsidence disasters, and the maximum surface subsidence value exceeds 800 mm. From the distribution of surface subsidence in the study area, surface subsidence disasters mainly occur in the eastern and central mountainous areas rich in coal resources, as well as in the mining areas west of the Yellow River, and the subsidence basins are distributed in a series of irregular concentric ovals. In terms of the scale of surface subsidence in the study area, a total of 230.03 km2 of land in the study area showed surface subsidence hazards during the monitoring period, accounting for 13.78% of the total area of the study area, of which the area of severe subsidence was 44.98 km2 (2.69%). The area of more serious subsidence area is 101.33 km2 (6.07%), and the area affected by subsidence is 83.72 km2 (5.01%).
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Sun, Yingfeng, Shuaipeng Zhu, Zhiqian Peng, et al. "Influence of Coal Mining on Historical Buildings: Case Study in Shanxi." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (2023): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021543.
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Numerous historical buildings exist in Shanxi Province, a major coal producing area in China, so there exist many overlapping areas between ancient wooden buildings and coal mining. Coal mining in overlapping areas will lead to surface subsidence, which will have an impact on historical buildings. Based on the distribution of historical buildings and the distribution and mining of coal resources in Shanxi Province, this paper concludes that the overlapping areas of coal mining and ancient wooden buildings in Shanxi Province are mainly concentrated in Changzhi City, and the Lu’an mining area in Changzhi City is selected as the research object. In addition, using the gray correlation analysis method, the surface subsidence coefficient, which characterizes the intensity of mining subsidence, is used as the reference sequence. Seven factors selected from the geological conditions and mining conditions of the Lu’an mining area are used as the comparison sequence to calculate the gray correlation between each influencing factor and the surface subsidence coefficient, and to obtain that geological factors such as the nature of the overlying rock layer, bedrock thickness and dip angle of the coal seam, and mining factors such as mining height, average mining depth and working face size largely determine the surface subsidence coefficient. The surface subsidence in the overlap area could largely be influenced by geological factors such as the nature of the overlying rock layer, bedrock thickness and coal seam inclination, and mining factors such as mining height, average mining depth and working face size. Finally, we investigate the possible effects of surface subsidence on ancient wooden buildings in the overlapping area with the surface subsidence and formation mechanism and propose technical measures to reduce the effects of surface subsidence due to coal mining on historical buildings in the overlapping area.
3
Quan, Li’ao, Shuanggen Jin, Jianxin Zhang, Junyun Chen, and Junjun He. "Subsidence Characteristics in North Anhui Coal Mining Areas Using Space–Air–Ground Collaborative Observations." Sensors 24, no. 12 (2024): 3869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24123869.
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To fully comprehend the patterns of land and ecological damage caused by coal mining subsidence, and to scientifically carry out ecological mine restoration and management, it is urgent to accurately grasp the information of coal mining, particularly in complex coaling areas, such as North Anhui, China. In this paper, a space–air–ground collaborative monitoring system was constructed for coal mining areas based on multi-source remote sensing data and subsidence characteristics of coaling areas were investigated in North Anhui. It was found that from 2019 to 2022, 16 new coal mining subsidence areas were found in northern Anhui, with the total area increasing by 8.1%. In terms of land use, water areas were increased by 101.9 km2 from 2012 to 2022, cultivated land was decreased by 99.3 km2, and residence land was decreased by 11.8 km2. The depth of land subsidence in the subsidence areas is divided into 307.9 km2 of light subsidence areas with a subsidence depth of less than 500 mm; 161.8 km2 of medium subsidence areas with a subsidence depth between 500 mm and 1500 mm; and 281.2 km2 of heavy subsidence areas with a subsidence depth greater than 1500 mm. The total area of the subsidence governance area is 191.2 km2, accounting for 26.5% of the total subsidence area. From the perspective of prefecture-level cities, the governance rate reaches 51.3% in Huaibei, 10.1% in Huainan, and 13.6% in Fuyang. The total reclamation area is 68.8 km2, accounting for 34.5% of the subsidence governance area. At present, 276.1 km2 within the subsidence area has reached stable subsidence conditions, mainly distributed in the Huaibei mining area, which accounts for about 60% of the total stable subsidence area.
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Yang, Long, Xiangchun Wang, Yangyang Chu, Fei Qin, and Siyu Wang. "Research on urban and rural high-quality development based on ecological restoration of coal mining subsidence area." E3S Web of Conferences 261 (2021): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126104009.
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Ecological restoration of coal mining subsidence area is of great significance to improve the ecological and living environment, enrich the supply of ecological products, promote the green transformation of resource-based cities and the high-quality development of urban and rural areas. This paper combs the significance of ecological restoration in coal mining subsidence area to promote the high-quality development of urban and rural areas, systematically expounds the realization path of ecological restoration to promote urban-rural spatial integration, cultural integration, economic integration and social integration development by taking Pan’an Lake coal mining subsidence area as a case. Finally, the high-quality development evaluation index system of coal mining subsidence area based on ecological restoration is put forward, and the prospect of ecological restoration and high-quality development in coal mining subsidence area are discussed.
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Deng, Wei Nan, and Hua Xing Zhang. "Present Situation of Research on Coal Mining Subsidence under Highway in China." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.954.
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Research on coal mining subsidence under highway can be divided into two fields: research on the problems caused by coal mining under highway and research on the problems caused by highway construction above mined-out area of coal mine.The issues about safety，design and engineering are the key points restricting the safety and the construction of highway in coal mining areas. The paper completely summarized and analysed the present situation of research on coal mining subsidence under highway and the special characteristics comparing with the general building and the railway. In order to ensure the safety of existing highways and highways in planning in coal mining areas, according to the deficiency of current research, this paper put forward the future research directions of coal mining subsidence under highway.
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Liang, Ming, Gen Yang, Xiaojun Zhu, et al. "AHP-EWM Based Model Selection System for Subsidence Area Research." Sustainability 15, no. 9 (2023): 7135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097135.
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Coal mining can create a variety of environmental, ecological, and land-use problems. Subsidence areas resulting from coal mining are a common and particularly difficult problem to manage. Despite much discussion in the academic literature as well as among local and international stakeholders, there is neither a uniform standard nor a universally accepted approach for selecting an appropriate governance model for a subsidence area. In particular, the lack of quantitative evaluation methods and excessive subjectivity represent key obstacles to the effective selection of governance models for subsidence areas. This paper proposes a selection framework for a coal mining subsidence governance model that integrates the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method (EWM). The model comprehensively considers the settlement characteristics of the subsidence area, its geographic location, the water index, as well as the vegetation index. These variables are used as indicators to develop an evaluation framework upon which different subsidence zones can be quantitatively analyzed. The selection framework is demonstrated using examples from three subsidence areas in the Huainan and Huaibei mining areas in China, for which relevant data were collected and processed with the help of field surveys, remote sensing images, and subsidence prediction software. Applying the novel selection framework, the most suitable governance model for each subsidence area was obtained and determined to be consistent with the recommendations of an academic panel composed of multiple experts. The novel selection framework has high efficacy and potential to overcome the problem of subjectivity in the selection of governance models for coal mining subsidence areas. It is also envisaged that future incorporation of the selection framework into a user-friendly software package will significantly improve the efficiency with which suitable governance models for coal mining subsidence areas are selected.
7
Xu, Ruiping, Junying Li, Xinju Li, Jinning Zhang, and Wen Song. "Effect of Coal Mining Subsidence on Soil Enzyme Activity in Mining Areas with High Underground Water Levels." Water 16, no. 12 (2024): 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16121704.
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In order to investigate the changes in soil enzyme activity and their influencing factors in coal mining subsidence areas with high underground water levels, in this study, we collected soil samples at different depths (SL: 0–20 cm; ML: 20–40 cm; DL: 40–60 cm) in a deep coal seam subsidence area (T1), a shallow coal seam subsidence area (T2), and control non-subsidence areas (W1 and W2) in eastern China. Soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were determined, and the mechanism of the latter’s response to coal mining subsidence was investigated based on correlation analysis, redundancy analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results show the following: (1) In the coal mining subsidence areas, the soil pH value (pH), soil available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM) contents were lower than those in the non-subsidence areas, while the soil water content (SWC) and bulk density (BD) were higher than those in the non-subsidence areas and increased with depth. (2) The activities of soil urease (URE), sucrase (SUC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and catalase (CAT) gradually decreased with depth and were all lower than those in the non-subsidence areas; the largest decreases with respect to the latter were 24.33%, 18.73%, 38.89%, and 5.88%, respectively. (3) The soil nutrient environment had a highly significant and direct positive effect on enzyme activity, with AN, AP, and SOM contents having the greatest impact. (4) Soil BD had a highly significant and direct negative effect and an indirect negative effect (by affecting nutrients) on enzyme activity. The results of this study on the effects of soil physicochemical properties on enzyme activity provide a basis for the ecological restoration of mines.
8
Chai, Hua Bin. "Study on the Deformation and Stability of Building Foundations in Mining Subsidence Areas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1967.
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To enhance the effective of the land in mining subsidence areas, realize the development of new rural construction and urbanization. According to the geological and mining conditions, the scale, shape and regularity of the potential crack areas in the coal goafs, separated overburden strata, and the influencing factors which affect the deformation foundation of architecture and stability are studied. Probability integral method is used to establish the further deformations formula of the building foundations in mining subsidence areas. The monitoring data from the ground observation stations are used to invert the further deformation predicting parameters, the surface further deformations of each coal goafs, and the whole surface’s further deformations are calculated by the superposition method. The foundation further deformations, geological structures, etc, are comprehensively taken into consideration. The stability of the building foundations in mining subsidence area are analyzed and evaluated. Research results are very valuable to process, design, and plan the foundations of the buildings in coal mining subsidence areas.
9
Zheng, Junliang, Wanqiang Yao, Xiaohu Lin, Bolin Ma, and Lingxiao Bai. "An Accurate Digital Subsidence Model for Deformation Detection of Coal Mining Areas Using a UAV-Based LiDAR." Remote Sensing 14, no. 2 (2022): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020421.
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Coal mine surface subsidence detection determines the damage degree of coal mining, which is of great importance for the mitigation of hazards and property loss. Therefore, it is very important to detect deformation during coal mining. Currently, there are many methods used to detect deformations in coal mining areas. However, with most of them, the accuracy is difficult to guarantee in mountainous areas, especially for shallow seam mining, which has the characteristics of active, rapid, and high-intensity surface subsidence. In response to these problems, we made a digital subsidence model (DSuM) for deformation detection in coal mining areas based on airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR). First, the entire point cloud of the study area was obtained by coarse to fine registration. Second, noise points were removed by multi-scale morphological filtering, and the progressive triangulation filtering classification (PTFC) algorithm was used to obtain the ground point cloud. Third, the DEM was generated from the clean ground point cloud, and an accurate DSuM was obtained through multiple periods of DEM difference calculations. Then, data mining was conducted based on the DSuM to obtain parameters such as the maximum surface subsidence value, a subsidence contour map, the subsidence area, and the subsidence boundary angle. Finally, the accuracy of the DSuM was analyzed through a comparison with ground checkpoints (GCPs). The results show that the proposed method can achieve centimeter-level accuracy, which makes the data a good reference for mining safety considerations and subsequent restoration of the ecological environment.
10
Karabyn, V. V. "FACTORS OF SUBSIDENCE AND FLOODING OF THE COAL MINING AREAS OF THE CHERVONOGRAD INDUSTRIAL MINING REGION." Мінеральні ресурси України, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31996/mru.2018.3.32-36.
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The essence of subsidence and flooding of the territories was examined. Using the route observation method, the phenomenon of subsidence and flooding within the Chervonohrad industrial mining region of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin was evaluated. The obtained results were compared with the data of geodetic monitoring and aerial photographs decoding. The intensity of subsidence and flooding of the surface was compared with the natural and technogenic factors. The classification of factors of subsidence and flooding of the coal mining area within the Chervonohrad industrial mining region of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin was carried out. Geological, climatic, and landscape factors were distinguished and grouped together as natural factors, while mining and residential factors were combined into a technogenic group. The selection of each factor is justified by the results of field and experimental explorations within the area of research. Relationships between factors of subsidence and flooding were established.
11
Feng, Zhanjie, Zhenqi Hu, Xi Zhang, Yuhang Zhang, Ruihao Cui, and Li Lu. "Integrated Mining and Reclamation Practices Enhance Sustainable Land Use: A Case Study in Huainan Coalfield, China." Land 12, no. 11 (2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12111994.
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In the coal-grain composite area (CGCA) of eastern China with a high groundwater table (HGT), underground coal mining subsidence has caused extensive submergence of farmland, posing a significant threat to regional food security. Currently, land reclamation techniques in mining subsidence areas primarily focus on post-mining reclamation (PMR) of stable subsidence land with a low reclamation rate. This study investigated the application of concurrent mining and reclamation (CMR) technology for unstable subsidence land in a representative HGT mining area, namely the Guqiao Coal Mine in the Huainan Coalfield. Firstly, mining subsidence prediction and geographic information technology were employed to simulate the spatio-temporal evolution of dynamic mining subsidence, taking into consideration the mining plan. Subsequently, phased reclamation parameters were quantitatively designed by integrating the dynamic mining subsidence and surface reclamation measures. Lastly, scenario simulations were conducted to discuss the effectiveness of CMR in comparison with non-reclamation (NR) and PMR. Additionally, reclamation and ecological restoration strategies for coal mining subsidence areas with comprehensive governance modes were proposed. The findings indicated that mining activities have led to a reduction in both the quantity and quality of original farmland, with 70% of the farmland submerged and rendered uncultivable. In contrast to PMR, which achieved a reclamation rate of 29%, CMR can significantly increase the farmland reclamation rate to 69% while also prolonging the service life of farmland. This study provides theoretical support and technical references for promoting sustainable mining practices, protecting farmland, and facilitating the high-quality development of coal resource-based cities.
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Wang, Zhi Yong, and Jin Zhi Zhang. "Use of D-InSAR Technique for Monitoring Ground Subsidence in the Yanzhou Coal Mining Area (China)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.756.
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In this paper, it monitored ground subsidence in the coal mining area using two-pass D-InSAR technique. We obtained 9 ALOS PALSAR single-look complex (SLC) images in Yanzhou coal mining area from December 2007 to Februay 2009. Based on SAR interferometric pairs and SRTM DEM, we detected the subsided areas and got the vertical subsided quantity. We got the ground subsidence maps in different stages from 2007 to 2009. Several important subsided areas were selected and then analyzed in detail. It analyzed the general laws of mining subsidence. The results indicated that two-pass D-InSAR technique based on L-band PALSAR data and SRTM DEM is a very simple, rapid and efficient way to detect and to monitor ground subsidence in the coal mining area, even in the areas with vegetation covered.
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Zhou, Shihang, Hongzhi Wang, Chengfang Shan, et al. "Dynamic Monitoring and Analysis of Mining Land Subsidence in Multiple Coal Seams in the Ehuobulake Coal Mine Based on FLAC3D and SBAS-InSAR Technology." Applied Sciences 13, no. 15 (2023): 8804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13158804.
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Aiming at the land subsidence problem caused by multiple coal seam mining in the Ehuobulake Coal Mine, this paper, considering the geological conditions of the first and fifth layers of coal, adopts the method of combining FLAC3D numerical simulation and SBAS-InSAR technology to analyze the dynamic evolution law of land subsidence amount and range under multiple coal seam repeated mining conditions. The reliability of the technology is verified by the field GPS monitoring data. The results show that, under the mining condition of multiple coal seams in the Ehuobulake Coal Mine, the land subsidence presents obvious asymmetry, and the size and range of the land subsidence in the mining area further increase due to the mining of lower layer coal. FLAC3D simulation results show that the maximum land subsidence is −211.8 mm. The results of SBAS-InSAR monitoring show that the maximum land subsidence is −225 mm, and the land subsidence obtained by the two methods has a high degree of fitting. The method of combining FLAC3D and InSAR technology can accurately and reliably monitor and analyze the land subsidence under the repeated mining of multiple coal seams in the mining area. It can provide effective guidance for the stability analysis of mined-out areas and the prediction of the influence of repeated mining on ground deformation.
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Shujie, Xu. "Status and Development Trends of Coal Mining Subsidence Areas in China." Engineering and Technology Journal 10, no. 04 (2025): 4559–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15275268.
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Coal is the fundamental energy source and important industrial raw material in China. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, cumulative raw coal production has exceeded 96 billion tons, providing a reliable energy guarantee for national economic and social development. However, after long-term development, most of the coal-rich blocks in the eastern region have entered the later stages of exploitation, resulting in a severe and unsustainable situation. Coal mining can lead to the destruction of land resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment, damage groundwater resources, exacerbate supply shortages in water-scarce areas, and cause emissions of waste gases, thereby harming the atmospheric environment. The large-scale mining and utilization of coal resources have played a significant role in driving our country's economic development; however, coal mining subsidence has also created a series of negative impacts on the human living environment. The ecological restoration and management of subsided mining areas are directly related to the sustainable development of the economy, society, and ecological environment in mining regions, posing an urgent problem that needs to be addressed in our country. The National Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Scientific and Technological Development (2006–2020) and the "12th Five-Year Plan" both prioritize the development of ecological protection and restoration technologies in mining areas, advocating the development of green mining and promoting the restoration of mine geological environments and land reclamation in mining areas. Therefore, comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas and the restoration of the ecological environment in mining areas will become one of the main research topics for mine workers in China in the coming years.
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Li, Jinyang, Mingdong Zang, Nengxiong Xu, Gang Mei, and Sen Yang. "An Interferometric-Synthetic-Aperture-Radar-Based Method for Predicting Long-Term Land Subsidence in Goafs through the Concatenation of Multiple Sources of Short-Term Monitoring Data." Remote Sensing 15, no. 17 (2023): 4203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15174203.
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The land subsidence occurring over a goaf area after coal mining is a protracted process. The accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence over goaf areas relies heavily on the availability of long-term land subsidence monitoring data. However, the scarcity of continuous long-term land subsidence monitoring data subsequent to the cessation of mining significantly hinders the accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence in goafs. To address this challenge, this study proposes an innovative method based on interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) for predicting long-term land subsidence of goafs following coal mining. The proposed method employs a concatenation approach that integrates multiple short-term monitoring data from different coal faces, each with distinct cessation times, into a cohesive and uniform long-term sequence by normalizing the subsidence rates. The method was verified using actual monitoring data from the Yangquan No. 2 mine in Shanxi Province, China. Initially, coal faces with the same shapes but varying cessation times were selected for analysis. Using InSAR monitoring data collected between June and December of 2016, the average subsidence rate corresponding to the duration after coal mining cessation on each coal face was back-calculated. Subsequently, a function relating subsidence rate to the duration after coal mining cessation was fitted to the data. Finally, the relationship between cumulative subsidence and the duration after coal mining cessation was derived by integrating the function. The results indicated that the relationship between subsidence rate and duration after coal mining cessation followed an exponential function for a given coal face, whereas the relationship between cumulative subsidence and duration after coal mining cessation conformed to the Knothe time function. Notably, after the cessation of coal mining, significant land subsidence persisted in the goaf of the Yangquan No. 2 mine for a duration ranging from 5 to 10 years. The cumulative subsidence curve along the long axis of the coal face ultimately exhibited an inclined W-shape. The proposed method enables the quantitative prediction of residual land subsidence in goafs, even in cases where continuous long-term land subsidence monitoring data are insufficient, thus providing valuable guidance for construction decisions above the goaf.
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Chen, Zhichao, Jialiang Luo, Yiheng Jiao, Xiaoxuan Lyu, Shidong Wang, and Hebing Zhang. "Soil Characteristics and Response Mechanism of the Microbial Community in a Coal–Grain Compound Area with High Groundwater Levels." Agronomy 14, no. 9 (2024): 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091993.
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Coal mining has led to escalating ecological and environmental issues in significant coal and grain production areas, posing a severe danger to food security. This study examines the disturbance patterns of soil factors and microbial communities in coal and grain production areas, and attempts to understand the impact of subsidence and water accumulation stress on soil characteristics and microbial communities in coal mining subsidence areas with high subsidence levels. Five specific regions of Zhao Gu Yi Mine, situated in Henan Province and under the ownership of Jiaozuo Coal Group, were chosen. Aside from the control group (CK), the study blocks situated in the coal mining subsidence zones consisted of perennial subsidence ponding (PSP), seasonal subsidence ponding (SSP), the neutral zone (NZ), and the horizontal deformation zone (HDZ). The soil nutrient indices and the stoichiometric properties of soil C, N, and P were assessed on the surface of each block. The organization of the soil microbial community was identified using high-throughput sequencing. The findings indicate that: 1. Substantial disparities exist in soil properties and microbial community structure between the subsidence and non-subsidence zones. The levels of soil organic mater (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), and available phosphorus (AP) all decrease to different extents in the subsidence area. Additionally, the coal mining subsidence waterlogged area exhibits higher levels compared to the coal mining subsidence non-waterlogged area. Conversely, the soil water content (SWC), C/N ratio, C/P ratio, and N/P ratio all increase to varying degrees. 2. Regarding the composition of the community, the presence of Proteobacteria is considerably greater in the non-water-logged area of coal mining subsidence (NZ, HDZ) compared to the water-logged area and control group (p < 0.05). The prevalence of Firmicutes in the subsidence water area was substantially greater compared to both the subsidence non-waterlogged area and the control group (p < 0.05). The prevalence of Gemmatimonadota is markedly greater in the waterlogged area of mining subsidence compared to the non-waterlogged area and CK (p < 0.05). The Ascomycota population reached its highest value in the neutral zone (NZ), which was significantly greater than the values observed in the seasonal subsidence ponding (SSP) and perennial subsidence ponding (PSP) regions (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the Rozellomycota population had its highest value in the SSP region, which was significantly greater than the values observed in the other regions (p < 0.05). 3. The abundance and variety of soil bacteria and fungi, as well as their important populations, are associated with different levels of soil characteristics. The primary elements that influence the alteration of microbial communities are soil nutrients and soil water content. The presence of coal mine subsidence and water accumulation has a notable impact on the properties of the soil in the surrounding area. This study offers a scientific foundation for reclaiming land affected by subsidence caused by coal mining in regions where coal and grain production are the dominant industries.
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Wang, Zhiyong, Jingzhao Zhang, Yaran Yu, et al. "Monitoring, Analyzing, and Modeling for Single Subsidence Basin in Coal Mining Areas Based on SAR Interferometry with L-Band Data." Scientific Programming 2021 (February 9, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6662097.
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Excessive exploitation of underground mine resources has caused serious land subsidence in China. This paper focused on monitoring and modeling the single subsidence basin in coal mining area based on SAR interferometry (InSAR). The optimum InSAR processing strategy to monitor the mining subsidence was built to obtain the land subsidence with large deformation. And a method of three-dimensional mathematical modeling of single subsidence basin based on InSAR measurements was presented. Using Jining Coalfield (China) as the study area, we acquired 7 L-band PALSAR images from January 2008 to February 2010 to monitor the land subsidence in Jining Coalfield. The deformation maps in Jining Coalfield in different periods were obtained. Taking the Geting Coal Mine within the Jining coalfield as an example, we finely analyzed and interpreted the deformation maps. Compared with the simultaneous filed measurements, the precision of deformation measurement using D-InSAR in mining area was analyzed. The root mean square error was 1.37 cm. The method of fine interpretation and analysis for a single subsidence basin was established. The experiments have proved that InSAR technique with L-band InSAR data is suitable for monitoring mining subsidence with large deformation. And the 3D mathematical modeling method could be used for the single subsidence basin in coal mining area.
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Xu, Zhanjun, Yuan Zhang, Jason Yang, et al. "Effect of Underground Coal Mining on the Regional Soil Organic Carbon Pool in Farmland in a Mining Subsidence Area." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (2019): 4961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184961.
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The soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in farmland is changing rapidly due to human activities, thereby greatly affecting the regional and global environment, as well as influencing soil fertility and crop yields. The present study investigated the effects of underground coal mining on the regional SOC pool in farmland in the Jiuli Mining Area of Xuzhou City in China as a typical coal mining region based on field sampling, chemical analysis, model construction, and spatial analysis using the software of ArcGIS. The results showed that in the mining subsidence area, spatial variations in the SOC content and soil bulk density were mainly caused by structural factors (mining subsidence, subsidence waterlogging, and other structural factors due to coal mining) at a regional scale. SOC storage in farmland soil decreased sharply in non-waterlogged subsidence farmland and seasonally waterlogged subsidence farmland in the areas with mining, whereas the SOC storage increased in waterlogged wetland after coal mining. The SOC was reduced by 102,882 tonnes (32.81%) compared with the original SOC stock as a consequence of coal mining, and thus the effect of underground coal mining on the regional SOC pool in farmland was characterized as a carbon loss process. Land-use changes, soil degradation and erosion contributed almost equally to the carbon loss process in the study area. The results of this study may facilitate evaluations of low-carbon land reclamation and ecological compensation in mining areas.
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Tan, Min, Jihong Dong, Junfeng Qu, and Ming Hao. "The Patterns of Migration of Potentially Toxic Elements from Coal Mining Subsidence Areas and Associated Soils to Waterlogged Areas." Toxics 11, no. 11 (2023): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11110888.
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It is crucial for effectively controlling potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution to understand the pollution situation, ecological risks, health risks, and migration patterns of PTEs. However, currently, no research has been conducted on the migration patterns of soil PTEs from coal mining subsidence areas to waterlogged areas under different restoration modes. In this study, a total of 15 sediment samples and 60 soil samples were collected from landscaped wetlands, aquaculture wetland, fish–photovoltaic complementary wetland, photovoltaic wetland, and waterlogged areas with untreated coal mining subsidence. The PTE pollution status, ecological risks, health risks, migration patterns, and the important factors influencing the migration were analyzed. The results indicated that the comprehensive pollution level of PTEs in waterlogged areas with coal mining subsidence can be reduced by developing them into landscaped wetlands, aquaculture wetlands, fish–photovoltaic complementary wetlands, and photovoltaic wetlands. Additionally, the closer to the waterlogged area, the higher the Cu content in the subsidence area soil is, reaching its peak in the waterlogged area. The Cd was influenced positively by SOC and pH. The research results were of great significance for formulating reclamation plans for waterlogged areas and controlling PTE pollution.
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Yan, Weitao, Junting Guo, Shaoge Yan, Yueguan Yan, and Wei Tang. "A Novel Surface Subsidence Prediction Model Based on Stochastic Medium Theory for Inclined Coal Seam Mining." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (December 2, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4640471.
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Most coal resources are deposited in the form of inclined coal seams, and surface subsidence basin morphology induced by the mining of inclined coal seams is frequently skewed. The probability integral method with symmetrical distribution characteristics is widely used at present in surface subsidence prediction in coal mining in China. However, this method performs poorly when the inclined coal seam mining subsidence is predicted, and prediction accuracy decreases considerably with an increase in coal seam inclination. To solve this problem, this study first establishes three coordinate systems: a working surface rectangular coordinate system, a working face body-following coordinate system, and a surface rectangular coordinate system. Then, a random medium theory is applied to realize the superposition integral operation of the subsidence influence of unit mining in the working faces body-following coordinate system. Subsequently, the subsidence effect of a certain point on the surface is converted into the surface rectangular coordinate system. Finally, the inclined coal seam mining subsidence prediction model is constructed under the surface rectangular coordinate system. Results show that the surface subsidence caused by the mining of the inclined coal seam units conforms to the Weibull polar distribution law, and the effectiveness of the prediction model is verified through examples. The relative mean squared error of the prediction is less than 10%. The results of the study can provide theoretical and technical support for the subsidence prediction of similar mining areas.
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Zhu, Xiaojun, Feng Zha, Hua Cheng, et al. "Spatial Pattern Reconstruction of Water and Land Resources in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas within Urban Regions." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811397.
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Water and land resources are important material bases of economic and social development, and their spatial patterns determine the pattern of the urban development. The development and expansion of coal-resource-based cities have introduced new societal problems, such as the overlapping of new city construction areas and underground coal resources. Underground coal mining also leads to surface subsidence, which destroys water and land resources and seriously affects the sustainable development of coal-resource-based cities. The surface subsidence area takes a long time to stabilize, and may form a large waterlogging area due to the high groundwater level, thereby increasing the difficulty of reconstructing mining subsidence areas. In this context, a scientific and complete method for reconstructing the spatial pattern of water and land resources in unstable coal mining subsidence areas within urban is proposed in this paper. This method initially predicts the surface subsidence value and then divides the subsidence area within the urban region into the waterlogging area and the non-waterlogging area according to the surface subsidence value. The waterlogging area will be renovated into a landscape lake district in the city by a series of transformation measures. Afterwards, goaf rock mass activation and surface stability evaluation analyses are performed in the non-waterlogging area. According to the evaluation results, land resources can be divided into unaffected, restricted and prohibited building areas, with each area being transformed differently. The Lv Jin Lake in Huaibei is selected as a case study, and the proposed method is applied to reconstruct its water and land resources. The original spatial pattern of the large-scale waterlogging area and abandoned land due to mining subsidence in urban areas is then reconstructed into a spatial pattern that integrates the urban landscape, scenario living and eco-tourism. Compared with traditional subsidence area management, the proposed method greatly increases the utilization value of water and land resources, improves the urban ecological environment, enhances the urban quality and effectively alleviates the problems of land shortage and human–land conflict in coal-resource-based cities.
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Ma, Kang, Yuxiu Zhang, Mengying Ruan, Jing Guo, and Tuanyao Chai. "Land Subsidence in a Coal Mining Area Reduced Soil Fertility and Led to Soil Degradation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20 (2019): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203929.
Full textAbstract:
Underground coal mining in western China causes heavy land subsidence and alters the soil ecology. However, the effects of land subsidence on soil fertility are not currently known, and the key factors governing its impact remain unclear in sandy land. We investigated the effects of land subsidence induced by underground mining on the soil quality in western China. Soil samples were collected at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm from control and subsidence areas in three coal mines. The results showed that the soil water content (SWC), clay and silt percentage, total nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) of the subsidence areas were significantly lower than those of the control areas. The saccharase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the subsidence areas decreased compared to those in the control areas, while the sand percentage of soil tended to increase. Soil nutrient contents, bacterial quantities, and activities of soil enzymes were positively correlated with SWC. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the soil particle size distribution, SWC, and electrical conductivity (EC) were the major environmental factors driving changes in soil properties. These results indicated that land subsidence induced by coal mining caused losses in surface soil water and nutrients, and ultimately led to soil quality degradation. Therefore, the reclamation of mining subsidence land might be necessary, especially in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Fu, Jian Chun, Rui Wang, and Yan Li Chen. "Study on the Comprehensive Consolidation and Ecological Reclamation of Coal Mining Areas in Jiaozuo." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 2683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.2683.
Full textAbstract:
Land subsidence and ecological problems caused by underground mining threaten seriously the sustainable development of mining areas. An example of coal mining areas in the northwest of Henan province is studied. The subsided areas amount to 70 km2 and the maximum subsided depth is more than ten meters. A series of serious problems, such as soil erosion, soil fertility declining and vegetation degeneration, are caused by land subsidence. Engineering measures are adopted for the subsided lands in hilly areas to rebuild the land as types of terrace and gentle slope, and that in the plain to renovate with methods, such as drainage, filling with coal waste rocks or fly ashes, deepening lower subsidence and filling higher subsidence. At the same time, biological measures, such as planting peanuts, soybean and other legume perennial or annual herbs, and adding organic fertilizer are used to improve the reclaimed soil quality.
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Cui, Ruihao, Zhenqi Hu, Peijun Wang, et al. "Crop Classification and Growth Monitoring in Coal Mining Subsidence Water Areas Based on Sentinel Satellite." Remote Sensing 15, no. 21 (2023): 5095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15215095.
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In high groundwater level mining areas, subsidence resulting from mining can lead to waterlogging in farmland, causing damage to crops and affecting their growth and development, thereby affecting regional food security. Therefore, it is necessary to restore agricultural production in the coal mining subsidence water areas in the densely populated eastern plains. This study focuses on the Yongcheng coal mining subsidence water areas. It utilizes Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data from May to October in the years 2019 to 2022 to monitor the growth and development of crops. The results demonstrated that (1) the accuracy of aquatic crops categorization was improved by adjusting the elevation of the study region with Mining Subsidence Prediction Software (MSPS 1.0). The order of accuracy for classifying aquatic crops using different machine learning techniques is Random Forest (RF) > Classification and Regression Trees (CART) ≥ Support Vector Machine (SVM). Using the RF method, the obtained classification results can be used for subsequent crop growth monitoring. (2) During the early stages of crop growth, when vegetation cover is low, the Radar Vegetation Index (RVI) is sensitive to the volume scattering of crops, making it suitable for tracking the early growth processes of crops. The peak RVI values for crops from May to July are ranked in the following order: rice (2.595), euryale (2.590), corn (2.535), and lotus (2.483). (3) The order of crops showing improved growth conditions during the mid-growth stage is as follows: rice (47.4%), euryale (43.4%), lotus (27.6%), and corn (4.01%). This study demonstrates that in the Yongcheng coal subsidence water areas, the agricultural reclamation results for the grain-focused model with rice as the main crop and the medicinal herb-focused model with euryale as the main crop are significant. This study can serve as a reference for agricultural management and land reclamation efforts in other coal subsidence water areas.
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Jingbin, Cui, Wan Zhonghong, Chen Ping, Li Quanhu, and Xu Chen. "The application of seismic attribute analysis technique in coal field exploration." Interpretation 4, no. 1 (2016): SB13—SB21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2015-0090.1.
Full textAbstract:
Seismic exploration technologies developed in coal mines and oil fields are basically the same but with certain differences. Safety is one of the key issues in coal mining in China due to unexpected fatal accidents of underground work. Most of these accidents were derived from a geologic anomaly, such as minor faults, subsidence columns, gobs (old coal mining areas), and caving zones (collapse areas), which are of fundamental importance to prevent mining losses from coal mining risk caused by flooding accidents, broken coal beds, added fissures, and accumulated gas. In addition, minor faults also have significant influences on tunnel design in mechanical mining. Above all, accurate identification of these factors is critical in coal mining. We have focused on a coal mine located in eastern China with a burial depth from 500 to 1000 m and a smaller area of less than [Formula: see text]. Using high-precision 3D seismic data and seismic attribute analysis techniques, such as variance, curvature, ant tracking, etc., satisfactory results have been achieved in identifying minor faults, subsidence columns, coal tunnels, and gobs. Verified with actual coal mining, up to 85% of the predicted minor faults with a fault throw within 2–3-m match actual minor faults, and the predicted subsidence columns, coal tunnel, and gob were in perfect agreement with the real-world situation.
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Li, Xinya, and Jiangfeng Wang. "Explore the Impact of Coal Mining on the Safety of the Upper Reservoir Based on FLAC3D." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (2024): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/0staec89.
Full textAbstract:
With the increasing scarcity of land resources, the rational utilization of coal mine goaf areas has become particularly important. To study the impact of coal mining on the safety of the upper reservoir and dam, numerical simulation software FLAC3D was used to model existing and future goaf areas created by coal mining. By analyzing the maximum and minimum principal stress clouds, vertical displacement clouds, and the distribution of surface plastic zones for two selected profiles, it was found that under current conditions, coal mining causes a maximum surface subsidence of nearly 2.0m, with the dam area located at the edge of the subsidence basin. The southern area is closest to the goaf, with a maximum subsidence of about 0.5m, and obvious tensile and shear plastic zones are produced; in the future, after the planned mining workface is completed, the reservoir dam area will experience cumulative subsidence of 2800mm, tilt of 5mm/m, curvature of 5×10^-3/m, horizontal movement of 800mm, and horizontal deformation of 6mm/m, which could potentially cause severe deformation and damage to the reservoir dam.
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Zhu, Hengzhong, Huajun Wang, Rong Gao, and Yongqiang Zhao. "Surface Subsidence Characteristics of Mining Panel Layout Configuration with Multi-Seam Longwall Mining." Processes 11, no. 6 (2023): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11061590.
Full textAbstract:
Mining-induced subsidence is critical for ecological environment reconstruction and damage prevention in coal mining areas. Understanding the characteristics of surface subsidence with multi-seam mining is the first step. Surface subsidence of different mining panel layout configurations was investigated by means of UDEC numerical simulation. Based on the simulation results, it was indicated that mining panel layout configuration had a significant impact on surface subsidence, including ground surface subsidence, horizontal displacement, crack propagation, and ground surface fissure development. The overlapped region of the upper panel and the lower panel is the key region, where existing bedding separations and strata cracks close and activate, the integrity and strength of the interburden layer are reduced, and the subsidence magnitude is enhanced. The subsidence profile of the overlapped region for the stacked configuration, external staggered, the edge of the lower panel internal staggered, two edges of the lower panel internal staggered are steeper and deeper, and the corresponding values of ground surface subsidence and horizontal displacement are greater than other regions. The ground surface fissures with the types of stepped, slided, and graben developed on the ground surface above the edge of the mining panel, and the development location is closely related to the strata movement edge. Because of the support activities of the reserved coal pillar, the ground subsidence of the external staggered (internal staggered) of the upper panel with the coal pillar is slight. The external staggered (internal staggered) and external staggered (internal staggered) of the upper panel with the coal pillar can be selected as the preferred layout configuration. The proposed description of surface subsidence of different mining panel layout configurations can be applied in subsidence prediction.
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Yang, Ting Ting, Yong Gao, Guo Zheng Yao, and Peng Li. "Effects of Coal Mining Subsidence on the Changes of Soil Nutrient in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Field." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3828–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3828.
Full textAbstract:
Ground surface subsidence will cause enormous impact to ecological environment in Coal Gob. But the study concerning the effect of the surface subsidence on soil nutrients is little. Taking Bulianta (Sandstorm--subsidence Area) and Yujialiang (Loess-subsidence Area) coal mine in Shenfu-Dongsheng coal field as study object, The characteristics of soil nutients in non-collapse area and the effect of collapse on soil nutrients are sdudied systematicly by Field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that: With the increasing of soil depth, total soil nutrient content gradually reduced in both stduy areas, While in Sandstorm-subsidence Area, Total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased with soil depth. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Sandstorm-subsidence Area is lower than those in Loess-subsidence Area, but the total K is higher than that in Loess-subsidence Area. In a word, the effect of coal mining subsidence on total soil nutrients in both Areas is on the small side.
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Dai, Guangli, Hongjia Li, Chao Liu, et al. "Goaf Site Stability Detection in the Overlap Area of Coal Mining Subsidence and Urban Construction." Advances in Civil Engineering 2024 (March 27, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/5375733.
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The contradiction between coal mining and urban construction in coal resource-based cities is prominent, which greatly limits the sustainable development of these cities. Pan’an New City is a key mining-induced subsidence area in Xuzhou City, which presents significant challenges to the construction of the new city. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe construction of Pan’an New City, the residual deformation and stability of the goaf sites must be monitored and evaluated. Under such background, based on the measured leveling data of the mining-induced surface deformation in a coal mine near Pan’an New City, this paper first analyzed the accuracy of InSAR monitoring of surface deformation in coal mining subsidence area by SBAS-InSAR technology. Then, the SBAS-InSAR technology was used to monitor the surface subsidence rate and cumulative subsidence in the coal mining subsidence area of Pan’an New City, based on the 29 scene SAR data during Dec. 2020 and Jan. 2022. The results showed that the goaf site in the north and northwest of Pan’an New City is unstable, while the other areas are stable. Finally, according to the monitoring results, the suggestions have been put forward for the construction of Pan’an New Town on the goaf site. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for the reuse of goaf sites in Pan’an New City and similar areas in Xuzhou.
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Zhang, Kai, Lu Bai, Pengfei Wang, and Zhuang Zhu. "Field Measurement and Numerical Modelling Study on Mining-Induced Subsidence in a Typical Underground Mining Area of Northwestern China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 24, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5599925.
Full textAbstract:
Mining-induced subsidence is a great concern for environmental protection in underground mining areas in China and all over the world. In view of the fact that the research on land degradation above underground coal mines are completely or partially independent of coal mining activity and the fact that the mechanism behind mining-induced subsidence has not been well understood, this study presents a field measurement and numerical study of mining-induced subsidence with respect to mining activity of three adjacent longwall panels in a coal mine in Northwest China. This study shows that surface subsidence lags far behind panel extraction or mining activity. The profiles of ground surface are dominated and manifested by the subsurface strata structures. The subsidence influence throughout the whole length of a longwall panel varies. Stability of strata structures within overburden before the final subsidence controls the stability of ground surface land. Chain pillars of 20 m between panels of 240 m wide with cover depth of 600 m have been crushed in the gob and do not have any function in supporting the overburden strata. The final subsidence of the three adjacent panels is far to come in the future and the land reuse above underground coal mines should be carefully planned by making sure that the gob is completely compacted or no potential secondary subsidence occurs in the future.
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Chen, Yang, Zhenqi Hu, Pengyu Li, Gensheng Li, Dongzhu Yuan, and Jiaxin Guo. "Assessment and Effect of Mining Subsidence on Farmland in Coal–Crop Overlapped Areas: A Case of Shandong Province, China." Agriculture 12, no. 8 (2022): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081235.
Full textAbstract:
Farmland protection and food security is highly focused on in China. However, coal mining has caused negative consequences to cropland in coal–crop overlapped areas (COA), especially in eastern China. Thus, revealing the spatiotemporal impact of coal mining on farmland on a large scale is crucial for coordinating coal mining and grainland protection. In this study, Shandong Province, a representative coal–grain composite area, was selected as a research case to evaluate the damage of mining subsidence on farmland. Firstly, the field investigation and mining subsidence prediction revealed the current situation and trend of farmland damage caused by mining in 2021 and 2030. Then, we evaluated the impact of cropland damage on grain yield. Finally, farmland landscape patterns, ecological environment, and social stability due to mining subsidence were discussed. The results show that: (1) the damaged cropland in 2021 was 6.40 × 104 ha, of which 1.40 × 104 ha was non-yield. By 2030, the accumulative area of damaged cropland is estimated to reach 7.52 × 104 ha. (2) By 2025 and 2030, the farmland yield will be reduced by 16.44 × 104 t and 18.45 × 104 t in overlapped areas of Shandong. (3) The subsidence led to cropland fragmentation, and the terrestrial ecosystem became an aquatic ecosystem, further intensifying the contradiction between more people and less land. This study provides a reference for coordinating coal and grain production and formulating cropland protection strategies in similar regions. Meanwhile, it also provides a scientific basis for the government to formulate land reclamation indicators, technology, management, and acceptance standards and establish and implement the reclamation reward and punishment system.
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Xue, Xinlei, Jinzhu Ji, Guoping Li, Huaibin Li, Qi Cao, and Kai Wang. "Time Series Analysis of Mining-Induced Subsidence Using Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Wanli Mining Area, Inner Mongolia, China)." Applied Sciences 15, no. 7 (2025): 3998. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073998.
Full textAbstract:
The conflict between exploitation of coal resources and environmental protection is highly pronounced in the Wanli mining area, located in the arid and semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia, China. The impact of mining operations has led to varying degrees of surface subsidence, which further threatens the ecological environment as coal extraction continues. The Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique offers significant advantages over traditional subsidence monitoring methods, particularly in complex terrain with vertical and horizontal valleys. This approach enables large-scale, low-cost, and all-weather monitoring. Based on 64 Sentinel-1A SAR images from 2018 to 2023, this study aims to promptly identify the location, deformation degree, and evolution characteristics of mining-induced subsidence within the study area using SBAS-InSAR techniques. The results indicate that the area affected by mining-induced subsidence covers 109.73 km2, with a maximum cumulative subsidence of 283.41 mm and a maximum subsidence velocity of 46.45 mm/y. Additionally, during the field verification, 29 ground fractures, predominantly located along the precipitous borders of subsidence areas, were identified, validating the credibility of the monitoring results. This study demonstrates that SBAS-InSAR technology remains highly effective in the erosional terrain of the Loess Plateau. The monitoring data can help in-production mining to accurately identify the characteristics and patterns of surface subsidence induced by coal mining operations. It provides reliable policymaking data support and makes significant contributions to optimize cost-efficiency and guide targeted monitoring efforts in subsequent management work of the Wanli mining area as well as other mining areas.
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Cui, Ximin, Yuling Zhao, Guorui Wang, Bing Zhang, and Chunyi Li. "Calculation of Residual Surface Subsidence Above Abandoned Longwall Coal Mining." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (2020): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041528.
Full textAbstract:
Exhausted or abandoned underground longwall mining may lead to long-term residual subsidence on surface land, which can cause some problems when the mined-out land is used for construction, land reclamation and ecological reconstruction. Thus, it is important to assess the stability and suitability of the land with a consideration of residual surface subsidence. Assuming a linear monotonic decrease in the annual residual surface subsidence, the limit of the sum of the annual residual subsidence factor, and continuity between surface subsidence in the last year of the weakening period and the residual surface subsidence in the first year, we establish a model to calculate the duration of residual subsidence and the annual residual surface subsidence factor caused by abandoned longwall coal mining. The duration of residual surface subsidence increases with the increase in mining thickness as well as the factor of extreme residual subsidence. The proposed method can quantitatively calculate the annual residual subsidence, the accumulative residual subsidence, and the potential future accumulative residual subsidence. This approach can be used to reasonably evaluate the stability and suitability of old mining subsidence areas and will be beneficial for the design of mining subsidence land reclamation and ecological reconstruction.
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Li, Huaizhan, Guangli Guo, Jianfeng Zha, et al. "A New Method of Regional Mining Subsidence Control for Sustainable Development in Coal Areas." Sustainability 15, no. 9 (2023): 7100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097100.
Full textAbstract:
Coordinated and sustainable development of production-living-ecological space (PLES) is directly related to the global energy security and quality of life in coal areas. However, the current surface subsidence control methods have some problems, such as low resource recovery rate, high cost, insufficient materials, which are difficult to meet the requirements for the PLES sustainable development in coal areas. Under this background, based on characteristics of surface subsidence and deformation due to sub-critical extraction, the large protection area, and high deformation tolerance in PLES of mining areas, the new method of regional mining subsidence control was proposed, with the combination of source control and ground rehabilitation. The effectiveness of the method was verified by numerical simulation results and practical applications, and the application principles and implementation methods were proposed. The research results could provide technical support for the sustainable development of coal areas in major coal producing countries of the world.
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Peng, Jinyan, Shidong Wang, and Zichao Wang. "Extraction of Coal Mine Surface Collapse Information and Design of Comprehensive Management Model Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing—Taking Zhaogu Mining Area as Example." Applied Sciences 14, no. 14 (2024): 6055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14146055.
Full textAbstract:
Large-scale exploitation of underground mineral resources causes surface collapse, reduces land use efficiency, and brings a series of ecological and environmental problems. This is significantly important for the ecological restoration work of mining areas to accurately extract the subsidence range and depth of coal mine surface and formulate the regulation model suitable for coal mine subsidence areas. In this research, we used Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) technology to extract the subsidence range of the Zhaogu Mining Area in Henan Province based on multi-source remote sensing data. We constructed the Spectral-Spatial Residual Network (SSRN) to classify the land use information within the subsidence range. Finally, we constructed a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the improved G1 method that assesses the extent of land damage in the subsidence area. Additionally, a suitable governance model for the subsidence area in the Zhaogu Mining Area is proposed. The results can provide technical support and data reference for the comprehensive treatment of subsidence in the Zhaogu Mining Area.
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Sun, Yueming, Yanling Zhao, He Ren, Zhibin Li, and Yanjie Tang. "Waterlogging Stability Identification: Ray-Based Model Application in Mining Areas with High Groundwater Levels—A Case Study of Huainan Coal Field." Land 13, no. 12 (2024): 1975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13121975.
Full textAbstract:
Surface subsidence and water accumulation are common consequences of underground coal mining in areas with high groundwater levels, leading to waterlogged zones. Predicting the stability of these subsidence-induced water bodies is critical for effective land reclamation, yet current methods remain inadequate, particularly when mining data are limited. This study addresses this gap by introducing a new approach to evaluate the stability of subsidence waterlogging zones. We developed a novel method based on the ray model to assess waterlogging stability in coal mining areas. Rays were cast from origins at 1° intervals to measure changes in water accumulation boundaries over time, using metrics like the Expansion Ratio Index and stability duration. The proposed method was applied to the Huainan coal field, a typical mining area with high groundwater levels in China. We studied 41 subsidence water patches, selecting ray origins for each patch and constructing a total of 14,760 rays at 1° intervals. (2) Out of all effective rays, 4250 (32.6%) were identified as stable. (3) Stability analysis classified 32.6% as “stable”, 66.4% as “observation required”, and 1.6% as “expanding.” Specific reclamation suggestions include filling shallow stable areas and developing permanent projects in larger stable zones.
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Du, Zhen, Li Feng, Haiheng Wang, et al. "Identification of Ground Deformation Patterns in Coal Mining Areas via Rapid Topographical Analysis." Land 12, no. 6 (2023): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12061221.
Full textAbstract:
Coal mining inevitably brings some negative impacts, such as surface subsidence, aquifer breakage, and land degradation, to the eco-geological environment in the mining area. Among these impacts, coal mining-induced ground deformation is the most serious and has threatened the geological, ecological, and human settlement securities of mining areas. Efforts existing in the literature apply to ground deformation identification in mined-out areas at the meso-/micro and short-time scales. However, when looking back at coal mining history, there are few ways to quickly and accurately quantify ground deformation at the regional and long-time scales. In this context, we propose a method for identifying ground deformation patterns in coal mining areas using historical high-precision digital elevation models (DEMs), including data preprocessing, DEM subtraction operations, interpretation, and fitting correction. This method was applied to the Yulin National Energy and Chemical Base and successfully identified the ground deformation characteristics of the Yulin coal mining area from 2015 to 2019. By determining surface subsidence displacement, excavation depth, stacking height, and the position of the goaf suspended roof area, the objective situation of ground deformation in Yulin mining area was obtained, and the mining methods and distribution characteristics of different surface deformations were analyzed and determined. The research results are of great significance for the development of mineral resources in mining areas, reducing geological disaster risks, protecting the ecological environment, and achieving the goal of coordinated development in mining areas.
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Liu, Linan, Nengxiong Xu, Wendy Zhou, Yan Qin, and Shilong Luan. "Improvement of Coal Mining-Induced Subsidence-Affected (MISA) Zone Irregular Boundary Delineation by MT-InSAR Techniques, UAV Photogrammetry, and Field Investigation." Remote Sensing 16, no. 22 (2024): 4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16224221.
Full textAbstract:
Coal mining-induced ground subsidence is a severe hazard that can damage property, infrastructure, and the environment in the vicinity when the deformation is not negligible. The boundary of a mining-induced subsidence-affected zone refers to the area beyond which the ground subsidence is less concerned. Accurately measuring mining-induced ground deformation is essential for delineating the irregular boundary of the impacted area. This study employs multitemporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MT-InSAR) techniques, including differential InSAR (DInSAR), InSAR stacking, and interferometric point target analysis (IPTA), to analyze coal mine subsidence and delineate the boundaries of the mining-impacted zones. DInSAR accurately reconstructs, locates, and detects the trend in mining-induced subsidence and correlates well with documented mining operations. The InSAR stacking method maps the spatial variation of the ground’s average line-of-sight (LOS) velocity over the mining area, delineating the boundary of the impacted zone. IPTA analysis combining multilook and single-pixel phases achieves millimeter-level surface measurement above tunnel alignments and measures unevenly distributed deformation fields. This study considers an average of 4 cm per year of surface deformation in the LOS direction as the subsidence threshold value for delineating the boundary of the mining-induced subsidence-affected (MISA) zone during the active coal mining stage. Interestingly, there are twin transportation tunnels near the mining area. The twin tunnels completed before the coal mining activities started were functioning well, but damage was observed after the mining began. Our study reveals the tunnels are located within the InSAR-derived MISA zone, although the tunnels approach the MISA boundary. As direct signs of subsidence, ground fissures have been identified near the tunnels via field investigations and UAV photogrammetry. Furthermore, the derived distribution of ground fissures validates and verifies InSAR measurements. The integrated approach of MT-InSAR, UVA photogrammetry, and field investigation developed in this study can be applied to delineate the irregular boundary of the MISA zone and study the accumulating effects of mining-induced subsidence on the performance of infrastructure in areas proximate to coal mining activities.
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Yan, Yueguan, Yanjun Zhang, Yuanhao Zhu, Jinchi Cai, and Junyao Wang. "Quantitative Study on the Law of Surface Subsidence Zoning in Steeply Inclined Extra-Thick Coal Seam Mining." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (2022): 6758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116758.
Full textAbstract:
The damage of overlying strata and ground surface caused by the one-time mining space is relatively severe in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams. The unique law of surface subsidence at these conditions is still missing. Taking Huating Dongxia Coal Mine as the research background, this paper reveals the law-governing effects on rock strata and surface movement and deformation caused by steeply inclined extra-thick coal seam mining with different coal seam dip angles and coal thicknesses by using the methods of surface measurement, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. Based on the characteristics of the surface inclination deformation, the surface is divided into four areas along the tendency section line—namely, an outcrop discontinuous deformation area, an overall subsidence area, a gradual subsidence area, and a slight subsidence area. The results show that the influence of the coal seam dip angle on surface subsidence zoning in steeply inclined and thick coal seams is mainly reflected in the affected area range and the form of damage. Coal thickness has a weak effect on the form of rock strata damage and surface movement. Utilizing the influence of the coal seam dip angle and coal seam thickness on the change in the surface subsidence zoning, the calculation formulas for each area range and zoning angle in relation to the coal seam dip angle, coal thickness, mining depth, and vertical stage height are established. The research results can provide a reference to evaluate the influence of mining, especially in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams.
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Yuan, Mingze, Mei Li, Hui Liu, Pingyang Lv, Ben Li, and Wenbin Zheng. "Subsidence Monitoring Base on SBAS-InSAR and Slope Stability Analysis Method for Damage Analysis in Mountainous Mining Subsidence Regions." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (2021): 3107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163107.
Full textAbstract:
Surface subsidence caused by coal mining has a great impact on the geological and ecological environments and causes damage to houses, roads, and industrial buildings. In order to understand the subsidence pattern in the mountainous mining regions, three mining faces of the Zhangjiamao mining area in the north of Shaanxi province, northwestern China are taken as case study. Firstly, the small baseline subset (SBAS) technology is used to process 12 images obtained in the mining area to investigate the subsidence data from December 2019 to April 2020. The boundary of surface deformation of the mining area interpreted by the SBAS-InSAR technology is inconsistent with the theoretical boundary suggested by coal mine subsidence theories. Especially, there are some areas in which the real subsidence are larger than estimated area. This discrepancy must be corrected as steep slopes near the theoretical boundary may increase the likelihood of landslides. Our research indicates that: (1) The accumulated displacement and the maximum deformation rate reached −120.759 mm and −270.012 mm/yr in the study area, and the subsidence boundary of the three mining faces is revealed; (2) the combination of the predicted boundary and slope stability analysis can effectively identify the landslide region at the edge of subsidence boundary; (3) the field surveys have proved the effectiveness of this method. The mining area subsidence revealed by our research helps to further understand the impact of land subsidence caused by mining in the mountainous areas and provides a practical method to predict subsidence boundaries and the likelihood for landslides.
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Liu, Hui, and Yu Li. "Dynamic Prediction Method of 3D Spatial Information of Coal Mining Subsidence Water Area Integrated with Landsat Remote Sensing and Knothe Time Function." Geofluids 2022 (March 1, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1568050.
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Subsidence water disaster has become a major problem to the ecological environment because of the submerged villages, farmland destruction, and ecological destructive changes in the mining subsidence area of high-water level. Taking the 1031 working face of Wugou Coal Mine in Huaibei, Anhui, China, as the research subject, (1) a three-dimensional (3D) spatial information dynamic prediction method was proposed for high-water-level coal mining subsidence areas by combining the Knothe time function based on the probability integration method (PIM) and the principle of water balance. (2) The dynamic evolution law of the water accumulation area in the high-water-level coal mining subsidence area was studied. (3) The applicability of the dynamic prediction model of the water accumulation range in the high-water-level coal mining subsidence area was verified. The results showed that the dynamic prediction of the 3D spatial information of the high diving area is highly accurate and can be suitable for the dynamic prediction by comparison with the results of remote sensing monitoring and field measurement. As a result, technical reference and theoretical basis for the comprehensive assessment and remediation of the ecological environment of the high diving mining subsidence area were proposed.
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Li, Jianwei, Xintian Li, Changyou Liu, and Xiangye Wu. "Dynamic Changes in Surface Damage Induced by High-Intensity Mining of Shallow, Thick Coal Seams in Gully Areas." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (March 28, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5151246.
Full textAbstract:
This study proposes a novel approach to study the mechanism of mining and dynamic changes in surface subsidence and geological hazard-prone regions caused by shallow, thick coal seam mining in gully areas. This approach combines field observation, three-dimensional modeling, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis based on the conditions of the Chuancao Gedan coal mine. The in situ stress field of coalbeds is influenced by the gully terrain. Shear stress becomes concentrated on the surface, causing geological disasters such as landslides and collapse of gully slopes. High-intensity mining activities increase the concentration and are more likely to cause such geological disasters. The influence area and severity vary dynamically with the expansion of the excavation area. With the continuous expansion of coal seam mining, the amplification ratio η (the ratio of the maximum impact range of surface subsidence and the mined-out area) first increased to 3.35, then decreased, and finally reached a constant value of 2.1. The principle of road line selection is proposed based on an analysis of surface subsidence and gully slope stability on the goaf edge. The principle of subsection reinforcement of the gully slope under the dynamic influence of coal seam mining is also determined.
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Liu, Hui, Mingze Yuan, Mei Li, et al. "TDFPI: A Three-Dimensional and Full Parameter Inversion Model and Its Application for Building Damage Assessment in Guotun Coal Mining Areas, Shandong, China." Remote Sensing 16, no. 4 (2024): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16040698.
Full textAbstract:
Subsidence prediction is essential for preventing and controlling geohazards in coal mining areas. However, the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique is limited in deriving the goaf displacements with a large gradient and fast deformation rates, hindering its application for potential risk evaluation over the mining areas. In this study, we proposed a three-dimensional and full parameter inversion (TDFPI) model to derive the large-gradient subsidence and then investigate its application for building damage assessment over coal mining areas. By taking the Guotun coal mine as the case study, the TDFPI model was demonstrated to have effectively predicted the large-gradient deformation of the mining areas and successfully evaluated the house damage in Chelou village, which agrees well with our field investigations. Specifically, the predicted subsidence results were validated with high fitting accuracy against field measurements, with RMSE of 0.083 m and 0.102 m, respectively, on observation line A and line F. In addition, the classified damage levels are highly consistent with in situ field surveys for the house cracks in Chelou village, presenting its practicality and effectiveness for building damage evaluation, and thus can provide a useful tool for potential risk assessment and prevention over the mining areas.
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Ma, Jian. "Land Reclamation and Governance in Dongda Mining Area." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2468, no. 1 (2023): 012150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2468/1/012150.
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Abstract The south areaof Shandong Province is an important base of coal production in China. With the gradual depletion of coal resources, the destruction and abandonment of land in the mining area is very serious, greatly affecting the production and life of people around the mining area. The study of land reclamation and management in mining areas has become extremely urgent. In order to strengthen the reclamation and management of the land in the mining area, this paper, based on the current situation of the surface subsidence and land damage in the mining area of Dongda Coal Mine, and the analysis of the impact on the ecological environment, discusses the methods and measures of land reclamation in the mining area in detail. The findings of the paper will provide important insights into the surface subsidence and land reclamation and management in other mining areas.
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Wang, Yong Hui, Jian Wei Zhou, and Bing Wen. "Subsidence Prediction under Thick Alluvium Based on Probability Integration Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3808.
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The surface subsidence resulting from coal mining can lead to terrible land damage, thus studying the distribution of surface subsidence under thick alluvium is of crucial significance.Focusing on the example of Henghe coalmine in Jining, Shandong province, this paperestablished the prediction model for main section and arbitrary points in mining areas based on the probability integration method, by which the size of subsidence, tilt, curvature, horizontal movement and deformation were predicted after the exploitation of coalbeds 2# and 3#. And the result, which is basically consistent with the actual situation, shows that subsidence areais 78 hm2 and the settlement reaches 9987mm. The thick alluvium covered the mining area accountsfor the greater surface subsidence coefficient, subsidence value, horizontal movement coefficient,horizontal movement, subsidence area and smaller deviation of inflection point.
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Lyu, Xiaoxuan, Hebing Zhang, Zhichao Chen, et al. "Winter Wheat Aboveground-Biomass Estimation and Its Dynamic Variation during Coal Mining—Assessing by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Remote Sensing." Agronomy 14, no. 6 (2024): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14061330.
Full textAbstract:
Underground coal mining in coal-grain overlapped areas leads to land subsidence and deformation above the goaf, damaging cultivated land. Understanding the influencing process of coal mining on cultivated land and crops is important for carrying out timely land reclamation and stabilizing crop yield. Research has been carried out by using crop growth parameters to evaluate the damaging degree of cultivated land when the mining subsidence is stable, but few studies focus on the influence of land damage on crop growth when the subsidence is unstable during coal mining. Therefore, this study tracked the three growth stages of winter wheat by using UAV multispectral imagery to explore the dynamic influence of underground mining on winter wheat aboveground biomass (AGB). Firstly, a winter-wheat-AGB estimation model (R2 = 0.89, RMSE = 2.18 t/ha) was developed by using vegetation indexes (VIs), textures, and terrain data extracted from UAV imagery. Secondly, based on the winter-wheat-AGB estimation model, the winter wheat AGB was successfully estimated and mapped at different growth stages. The AGB of winter wheat in the coal mining-affected area was approximately 5.59 t/ha at the reviving stage, 8.2 t/ha at the jointing stage, and 15.6 t/ha at the flowering stage. Finally, combined with the progress of coal mining, the dynamic changing process of crops during underground mining can be inferred by analyzing the spatiotemporal variation in winter wheat AGB. Results showed that, in the dip direction, winter wheat AGB at the flowering stage was the highest at the compression zone, followed by the inner stretch zone, outer stretch zone, and neutral zone. The distance from the waterlogged area and the existence of cracks were found to be the important moderating variables affecting the crop growth status in the mining subsidence area. In the strike direction, there were significant differences in the wheat AGB-affected area as the mining proceeded. Even areas where AGB had previously significantly increased gradually transitioned to significant decreases with the end of mining. The research explores the dynamic changes in winter wheat AGB and land damage status during coal mining. It provides a rapid and non-destructive land-damage-monitoring method to protect cultivated land in mining areas.
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Ashraf, Tariq, Fang Yin, Lei Liu, and Qunjia Zhang. "Land Subsidence Detection Using SBAS- and Stacking-InSAR with Zonal Statistics and Topographic Correlations in Lakhra Coal Mines, Pakistan." Remote Sensing 16, no. 20 (2024): 3815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16203815.
Full textAbstract:
The adverse combination of excessive mining practices and the resulting land subsidence is a significant obstacle to the sustainable growth and stability of regions associated with mining activities. The Lakhra coal mines, which contain some of Pakistan’s largest coal deposits, have been overlooked in land subsidence monitoring, indicating a considerable oversight in the region. Subsidence in mining areas can be spotted early when using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), which can precisely monitor ground changes over time. This study is the first to employ the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS)-InSAR and stacking-InSAR techniques to identify land subsidence at the Lakhra coal mines. This research offers critical insights into subsidence mechanisms in the study area, which has never been previously investigated for ground deformation monitoring, by utilizing 150 Sentinel-1A (ascending) images obtained between January 2018 and September 2023. A total of 102 deformation spots were identified using SBAS-InSAR, while stacking-InSAR detected 73 deformation locations. The most extensive cumulative subsidence in the Lakhra coal mine was −114 mm, according to SBAS-InSAR, with a standard deviation of 6.63 mm. In comparison, a subsidence rate of −19 mm/year was reported using stacking-InSAR with a standard deviation of 1.17 mm/year. The rangeland covered 88.8% of the total area and exhibited the most significant deformation values, as determined by stacking and SBAS-InSAR techniques. Linear regression showed that there was not a strong correlation between subsidence and topographic factors. As detected by optical remote sensing data, the subsidence locations were near or above the mines in the research area, indicating that widespread mining in Lakhra coal mines was the cause of subsidence. Our findings suggest that SAR interferometric time series analysis is helpful for proactively identifying and controlling subsidence difficulties in mining regions by closely monitoring activities, hence reducing negative consequences on operations and the environment.
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Krawczyk, Artur, and Radosław Grzybek. "An evaluation of processing InSAR Sentinel-1A/B data for correlation of mining subsidence with mining induced tremors in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)." E3S Web of Conferences 26 (2018): 00003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20182600003.
Full textAbstract:
The Satellite Radar Interferometry is one of the common methods that allow to measure the land subsidence caused by the underground black coal excavation. The interferometry images processed from the repeat-pass Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems give the spatial image of the terrain subjected to the surface subsidence over mining areas. Until now, the InSAR methods using data from the SAR Systems like ERS-1/ERS-2 and Envisat-1 were limited to a repeat-pass cycle of 35-day only. Recently, the ESA launched Sentinel-1A and 1B, and together they can provide the InSAR coverage in a 6-day repeat cycle. The studied area was the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland, where the underground coal mining causes continuous subsidence of terrain surface and mining tremors (mine-induced seismicity). The main problem was with overlapping the subsidence caused by the mining exploitation with the epicentre tremors. Based on the Sentinel SAR images, research was done in regard to the correlation between the short term ground subsidence range border and the mine-induced seismicity epicentres localisation.
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Liu, Peng Liang, Hua Xing Zhang, Feng Cui, Bing Shuang Yan, and Kun Zhu. "Stowing Mining Technology in the Northwest Ecologically Fragile Areas." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.341.
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Northwest China is rich of coal energy. Mining activities bring serous impact on the environment and scarce water resources because of its shallow buried and severe mining impact. Stowing mining is one of the most effective measures to control strata movement and reduce surface subsidence. Based on the local surface widespread wind-blown sand for aggregate and combined with the knife pillar mining，this paper introduces the stowing mining technology.
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Zhu, Xiaojun, Mingjian Qiu, Pengfei Zhang, et al. "A New Inversion Method for Obtaining Underwater Spatial Information of Subsidence Waterlogging Based on InSAR Technology and Subsidence Prediction." Water 16, no. 7 (2024): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16071002.
Full textAbstract:
Surface waterlogging disasters due to underground mining and geological status have caused the abandonment of fertile land, seriously damaged the ecological environment, and have influenced the sustainable development of coal resource-based cities, which has become a problem that some mining areas need to face. However, the traditional underwater terrain measurement method using sonar encompasses a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Thus, an inversion method for obtaining the underwater spatial information of subsidence waterlogging in coal mining subsidence waterlogging areas is proposed, based on differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) and the probability integral prediction method. First, subsidence values are obtained in the marginal area of the subsidence basin using D-InSAR technology. Then, the subsidence prediction parameters of the probability integral method (PIM) are inverted by a genetic algorithm (GA) based on the subsidence values. Finally, the underwater spatial information of subsidence waterlogging is calculated on the basis of the prediction parameters. The subsidence waterlogging area in the Wugou coal mine was adopted as the study area, and the underwater spatial information of subsidence waterlogging was inverted by the proposed method. The results show that this method can effectively provide the underwater spatial information of subsidence waterlogging, including the maximum subsidence value, waterlogging volume, subsidence waterlogging area, and underwater terrain in the subsidence waterlogging area. Compared with field-measured data from the same period, the RMSE of water depth is 99 mm, and the relative error is 9.9%, which proves that this inversion method is accurate and can meet engineering precision requirements.