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Journal articles on the topic 'Coal-tar'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Wang, Fang, Jun Li Zhang, Ying Chen, Qing Ming Luo, and Yong Li Hao. "Current Status of Comprehensive Use and Management Recommendations of Coal Tar in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (June 2015): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.82.

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Based on dry distillation temperature and properties, coal tar can be divided into high temperature coal tar and medium & low temperature coal tar. This paper introduces current status of generation and comprehensive use of high temperature coal tar and medium & low temperature coal tar in China, analyzes poor practice and management problems in the process of comprehensive use of coal tar, and puts forward countermeasures and recommendations for comprehensive use of coal tar in China.

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2

Zhang, Jun Xia. "Review of Coal Tar Preparation and Processing Technology." Advanced Materials Research 619 (December 2012): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.619.286.

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To generate coal tar with coal is the key technology of coal chemical industry, the generated coal tar is one of the important industry fuel and chemistry raw materials, and more attentions were attracted in coal tar preparation and processing technologies in recent years. Therefore, review of the updated technologies is developed at the present work. As for coal tar preparation technology, coal carbonization processing and coal hydropyrolysis are mature and has been applied to industry production. In comparison, hydrogenation of coal tar is just at the development. In term of coal tar process

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3

Jackson, Edward M. "Coal Tar." Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 15, no. 4 (1996): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15569529609042729.

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4

Reddy, Konda Sireesha, and Ravi Kumar Chittoria. "Coal Tar Burns: Our Experience." New Indian Journal of Surgery 11, no. 1 (2020): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/nijs.0976.4747.11120.4.

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5

Geng, Ceng Ceng, Shu Yuan Li, Shao Hua Liu, Ji Li Hou, and Wen Zhi Shang. "Flash Pyrolysis of Coal with Solid Heat Carrier in a Fluidized Bed." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1153.

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Flash pyrolysis of Shenmu coal with solid heat carrier was carried out in a fluidized bed using semi-coke as the solid heat carrier and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The effects of pyrolysis temperature, reaction time and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal on the yields of products were studied. It is found that the best operating conditions involving pyrolysis temperature 550°C, reaction time 6 min and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal 2. The properties of coal tar from fluidized bed, such as density, viscosity, freezing point, carbon residue and hydrogen carbon atom ratio, are almost higher

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6

Chen, Bo, Bo Liu, and Zhangming Shi. "Combustion Characteristics and Combustion Kinetics of Dry Distillation Coal and Pine Tar." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (November 26, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8888556.

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The samples of dry distillation pine tar and coal tar were investigated by TG-DTG-DSC, and the combustion characteristics and combustion kinetics of the samples were studied. The results show that there exist two significant mass loss peak and endothermic peak in the combustion of dry distillation coal tar and pine tar, which, respectively, means the volatile hydrocarbon combustion and heavy hydrocarbon combustion. At the first DTG peak range, the activation energy of dry distillation pine tar and coal tar is about the same at the initial stage (before DTG peak). Activation energy of the dry d

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7

Golovashov, I. A., D. I. Alekseev, and A. V. Shvaleva. "Electric dehydration of coal tar – a by-product of coke production for blast furnace smelting." iPolytech Journal 28, no. 2 (2024): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2024-2-360-370.

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The aim of the study was to adapt the technology of electric dehydration of oil for use with coal tar (a by-product of coke production for blast furnace smelting) in order to remove ash (tar decanter sludge) and water. The research focuses on coal tar generated in coke ovens, which forms a colloidal system with water and ash. The method of electric dehydration was employed in the study, which is currently used to remove water from the oil–water colloidal system. The construction of the 2-EG-160-2 electric dehydrator was examined, along with the specifics of introducing coal tar into it in comp

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8

Zhou, Jian Shi, Xian Yong Wei, You Quan Dou, et al. "Solvent Cutting to Make Superior Coal Tar Pitches." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1296.

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Using solvents extraction separation system of self-designed make superior coal tar pitches for carbon materials. In proper order choose petroleum ether, methanol and carbon disulfide to cut coal tar into several fractions under different condition. The first solvent can take light components out from coal tar. Then drag out those chemical that contain heteroatom such as nitrogen, sulfide applying the second solvent. The last is to dig out higher molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon from coal tar deeply. Heavy fractions are vacuumed to drive out any solvents. The superior chirpy co

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9

Wang, Yan Mei. "The Impact of Coal Tar Yield and Properties Research." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.486.

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coal pyrolysis and pyrolysis products deep processing is an effective way to achieve efficient use of clean coal , has important theoretical and strategic significance. Through the analysis of the nature of the low-temperature coal tar , coal pyrolysis mechanism from starting , discusses the improved yields five factors of coal tar and coal tar is proposed to improve the yield of several process conditions.

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10

van Schooten, Frederik-Jan, and Roger Godschalk. "Coal Tar Therapy." Drug Safety 15, no. 6 (1996): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-199615060-00002.

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11

&NA;. "Coal tar therapy." Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 9, no. 11 (1997): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00042310-199709110-00005.

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12

Cunningham, A. C. "COAL-TAR PAINT." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 18, no. 2 (2009): 604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1906.tb05795.x.

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13

Geigy, J. R. "COAL-TAR COLOURS." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 6, no. 2 (2008): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1890.tb02250.x.

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14

Cherkasova, T. G., A. V. Nevedrov, and A. V. Papin. "COAL TAR PITCH FROM ATMOSPHERIC-VACUUM DISTILLATION OF COAL TAR." Ugol', no. 04 (April 8, 2024): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18796/0041-5790-2024-4-27-30.

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15

Imangazy, A. M. "OBTAINING MESOPHASE PITCHES FROM COAL TAR." Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan 74, no. 2 (2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.24.

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This article presents the results of research on mesophase pitch production from coal tar. The preparation of mesophase pitch was carried out by heat treatment in an argon atmosphere at temperatures of 300, 350, and 400 °C. The resulting carbon pitches were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive analysis. An increase in the degree of surface degradation and the number of mesophase centers per unit area was observed with an increase in the treatment temperature to 300 °C. At 350 °C, a transition from an isotropic to an anisotropic structure was obser

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16

He, Xuan Ming, Ye Pan, Wei Li, Jia Qi Fang, and Xiao Juan Wang. "Study on Low Temperature Co-Carbonization of Coal and Algae." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.919.

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Co-carbonization characteristics of long flame coal mixed with algae in different proportions were studied in a dry distillation equipment, and focusing on the coal tar of the product with GC-MS and FT-IR in order to investigate the changes in coal tar, The results show that the tar yield increases with the increasing of algae added, the light oil components of co-carbonized coal tar (with the optimal proportion 20:10 ) compared with conventional coal tar increased 29.55% while naphthalene content increased 9.15% and phenol content increased 23.93%. The algae sample played a role in hydrogen d

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17

Ma, Yu Hui, Wei Su, Qun Hui Wang, Chun Yan Shao, Xiang Guo Huang, and Jin Yuan. "Discharge and Disposal of Coking Residue and Distribution Characteristics of PAHs in it." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.448.

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The research studied the treatment ways of discharging coking residues and the distribution characteristics of PAHs in two kinds of typical coking residues. The outputs of coal tar (100,000t/a for Plant A, 84,000t/a for Plant B) were great and it had become an important by-product. Coal tar residue, with the yields of 4,500 t/a and 6,400 t/a for Plant A and B, respectively, were always reused for coal blending. The concentration of PAHs with 5-6 aromatic rings was 1.08×104 mg/kg in coal tar residue, the concentration of PAHs in coke discharging smoke & dust (28.81 mg/kg) was relatively low

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18

Cui, Xin Tao, Yong Fa Zhang, Dong Liu Dong, and Yu Qiong Zhao. "GC-MS Analyzing of Coal Tar of Lignite Briquette from Low Temperature Pyrolysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 591–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.591.

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Distillation and GC-MS were employed to analysis the coal tar of low-temperature pyrolysis of lignite briquette by contrasting with standards: the fraction below 340°C in the tar distillates of brown coal tar accounted for 83.30% and the other greater than 340°C is pitch accounted for 16.32%. 34.00% of coal tar are hydrocarbons which are mainly consisted of fat aliphatic hydrocarbon and include few alkene and cycloparaffins. The content of phenolic compounds in coal tar, mainly comes from the fraction below 210°C, is 11.68%. 16.86% of coal tar is aromatic compounds which are mainly composed of

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19

Xu, Ziang, Guiying Xu, Beibei Han, et al. "Fabrication and Sterilization Characteristics of Visible Light Photocatalyst of CuO/ZrO2/CB/Coal-Tar-Pitch-SAC." Coatings 11, no. 7 (2021): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070816.

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To provide an effective method of green aquaculture, the photocatalysts of CuO/ZrO2/CB/coal-tar-pitch-SAC, which have visible light sterilization capacity, were successfully fabricated by coating ZrO2 and CuO on the surface of CB/coal-tar-pitch-SAC. The structures of synthesized CuO/ZrO2/CB/coal-tar-pitch-SAC were investigated by XRD, XPS and SEM measurements in detail. It was observed that CuO/ZrO2/CB/coal-tar-pitch-SAC materials possess obvious heterojunction structure and excellent visible light sterilization capacity when the prepared weight ratio of CuO, ZrO2 and CB/coal-tar-pitch-SAC is

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20

Kaidar, B. B., G. T. Smagulova, А. А. Imash, and Z. A. Mansurov. "APPLICATION OF COAL TAR PITCH AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO POLYACRYLONITRILE IN ELECTROFORMING OF COMPOSITE FIBRES." Novosti nauki Kazahstana, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 33–38. https://doi.org/10.53939/15605655_2022_3_33.

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The paper presents the results of studies on the synthesis of carbon fibers from polyacrylonitrile and coal furnace. Coal tar pitch was produced by the thermal treatment of coal tar. Carbon fibres from a mixture of PAN/coal pitch were obtained by electrospinning. Properties of obtained coal tar pitch were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, optical microscopy; EDAX analysis was carried out. The obtained fibres were examined by SEM and EDAX analysis was done.

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21

Kaidar, B. B., G. T. Smagulova, А. A. Imash, and Z. A. Mansurov. "Application of coal tar pitch as an alternative to polyacrylonitrile in electroforming of composite fibres." Novosti nauki Kazahstana, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53939/15605655/2022_3_33.

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The paper presents the results of studies on the synthesis of carbon fibers from polyacrylonitrile and coal furnace. Coal tar pitch was produced by the thermal treatment of coal tar. Carbon fibres from a mixture of PAN/coal pitch were obtained by electrospinning. Properties of obtained coal tar pitch were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, optical microscopy; EDAX analysis was carried out. The obtained fibres were examined by SEM and EDAX analysis was done.

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22

Ardhyarini, Novie, Daliya Indra Setiawan, and Syntha Nardey. "PENGARUH TEKANAN REAKTOR PADA PENGHIDRORENGKAHAN TAR BATUBARA." Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia 15, no. 2 (2013): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkti.v15i2.111.

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Coal gasificationproduce tar as aside-product. Coal tar is a complexmixture, and consists of various functionalgroups mainly polyaromatic compounds.Due to its chemical composition, coal taris categorized as hazardous material. Thephysical and chemical properties of coaltar is similar to crude oil, but it has higherpolyaromatics and impurities. Thoseproblems are the main challenges ofprocessing coal tar into fuel. Therefore, anupgrading process is required This paperdiscussed upgrading coal tar into fuel byhydrocracking in an autoclave reactorusing catalyst of nickel-molybdenum withalumina-sili

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23

Mingrui, Liu, Li Zunzhao, and Wang Haibo. "Application of Coal Tar Products and Evaluation of the Stability of Residual Marine Fuels." Нефтехимия 63, no. 5 (2023): 760–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0028242123050131.

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Although the quality of coal tar does not meet the demands for blended marine fuel, the properties of its components after processing are improved, and they can be considered as inexpensive blending components. Three types of coal tar products including light coal tar I, light coal tar II, and hydrogenated coal tar have been obtained and used in production of residual marine fuels. To minimize costs, a linear optimization method has been used, and all properties of the resulting products have met the required criteria. In addition, a novel analytical method was used to characterize the fuel st

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24

Yanyun, Chen, Deng Liangguang, Lu Xiao, Zhao Chunyu, and Wei Zhao. "Evaluation of the effect of asphalt deposition inhibitor for crude oil." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2430, no. 1 (2023): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2430/1/012022.

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Abstract In this paper, the effect of asphalt deposition inhibitors coal tar, bromohexadecylpyridine and sodium oleate on the viscosity reduction and asphaltene reduction of crude oil was investigated. The results show that coal tar has a better inhibitory effect on asphaltenes in crude oil. The asphaltene reduction effect is the best when the addition amount is 0.5%. Compared with the blank, the asphaltene content is reduced from 24.47% to 9.42%. The cationic surfactant bromohexadecylpyridine and coal tar have a good synergistic effect, and the asphaltene content is reduced by 1.74% compared

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25

Zhang, Lei, Ruikang Song, Yang Jia, Zhuorui Zou, Ya Chen, and Qi Wang. "Purification of Quinoline Insolubles in Heavy Coal Tar and Preparation of Meso-Carbon Microbeads by Catalytic Polycondensation." Materials 17, no. 1 (2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17010143.

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The quinoline-insoluble (QI) matter in coal tar and coal tar pitch is an important factor affecting the properties of subsequent carbon materials. In this paper, catalytic polycondensation was used to remove QI from heavy coal tar, and meso-carbon microbeads could be formed during the purification process. The results showed that AlCl3 had superior catalytic performance to CuCl2, and the content of QI and heavy components, including pitch, in the coal tar was lower after AlCl3 catalytic polycondensation. Under the condition of catalytic polycondensation (AlCl3 0.9 g, temperature 200 °C, and ti

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26

Telesiński, Arkadiusz, Teresa Krzyśko-Łupicka, Krystyna Cybulska, et al. "Comparison of oxidoreductive enzyme activities in three coal tar creosote-contaminated soils." Soil Research 57, no. 8 (2019): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr19040.

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This study used laboratory experiments to compare the effects of coal tar creosote on the activity of oxidoreductive enzymes in sandy loam, loamy sand and sandy clay loam soils. Different amounts of coal tar creosote were added to soil samples as follows: 0 (control), 2, 10 or 50 g kg–1 dry matter. The activity of soil dehydrogenases (DHAs), o-diphenol oxidase (o-DPO), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase (NR) and peroxidases (POX) was determined. Contamination of soil with coal tar creosote affected oxidoreductase activity. Oxidoreductive enzyme activity following soil contamination with coal ta

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27

L.P., Bannikov. "Evaluation of the polarity of coal tar emulsion stabilizers." Journal of Coal Chemistry 5, no. 5 (2022): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-5-15-25.

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Surface properties of emulsion stabilizers based on coal tar are determined by their polarity. Particles of coal matter and solid dispersed substances insoluble in quinoline are considered as stabilizers of emulsions of "water in tar" type. Polarity significantly affects the physicochemical properties of tars, to take into account the degree of hydrophobicity of coal tar, information about the dipole moment of the conditional molecules is necessary. In addition, the value of the dipole moment of coal particles that stabilize the emulsion "water in tar" is of interest. The existing methods for

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28

Zhang, Qiuli, Xiangrong Hui, Long Yan, et al. "Numerical Simulation of the Tar Mist and Dust Movement Process in a Low-Temperature Dry Distillation Furnace." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (March 2, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2356038.

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In the low-temperature dry distillation of low-rank coal, the important liquid product of coal tar is produced, but its quality and utilization rate are degraded by entrained dust. The movement of coal tar and dust in the furnace is a key factor in causing particles such as dust to mix with coal tar. Therefore, the Euler–Lagrangian method is used to simulate the two-phase motion process of gas, tar, and dust in a furnace. By considering the effects of tar particle size, dust particle size, gas velocity, tar density, and dust density, the motion process mechanism is revealed, enabling the dust

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29

Liang, Peng, Jia Feng Wu, Jian Hui Li, Xuan Qu, and Ji Cheng Bi. "The Characteristic Research of Shenmu Coal Pyrolysis by Solid Heat Carrier." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2032–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2032.

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A fixed-bed experimental apparatus with the capacity of 1kg coal was set up for coal pyrolysis by solid heat carrier. Shenmu bituminous coal and quartz sand was used as raw material and solid heat carrier respectively. The effects of initial temperature of solid heat carrier, reaction time and blending ratio on the yield of gas and tar were examined at different conditions. The results showed that tar yield was above 10 wt% when the initial temperature of solid heat carrier more than 800oC, reaction time and blend ratio had lesser influence on gas and tar yield. At the investigated test condit

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30

Du, Zhonghua, and Wu Li. "The Catalytic Effect from Alkaline Elements on the Tar-Rich Coal Pyrolysis." Catalysts 12, no. 4 (2022): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12040376.

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Tar-rich coal has been widely concerned because of its high tar yield. Two kinds of tar-rich coals were studied by Thermogravimetric-Mass spectrometer-Fourier transform infrared (TG-MS-FTIR) to obtain the pyrolysis characteristics. TG-MS-FTIR was used to study the mass loss, gaseous compounds evolution, and functional group information of tar-rich coal during pyrolysis. Mass loss is mainly caused by water release and macromolecular decomposition. The results showed that there were two stages of mass loss in the pyrolysis process. In addition, the gas release signal detected by mass spectrometr

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31

Liu, Zhi Gang, Jing Jing Xu, Yan Lan Qin, Ju Sheng Zhang, and Qian Lan Rao. "Epoxy Modified with TDI to Cure Active Hydrogen Groups: Synthesis and Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 531 (June 2012): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.531.511.

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Study on isocyanate-terminated prepolymer prepared by the reaction of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) with the hydroxy of epoxy resin. By the characteristics that isocyanate-group reacts with active hydrogen groups easily, the prepolymer could be as a curing agent for substance with active hydrogen groups like coal tar. IR spectra showed that the modification was achieved by cross-linking the hydroxy of epoxy resin and the isocyanate of TDI, but epoxy group had no change. In self-made coal tar coatings, the remaining isocyanate-groups played a curing agent role linking coal tar and epoxy resin. Taf

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32

Wang, Xiaohua, Zhongchao Zhu, and Jianyou Zhao. "Subcritical Extraction of Coal Tar Slag and Analysis of Extracts and Raffinates." Applied Sciences 15, no. 5 (2025): 2694. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052694.

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Coal is an important energy source for the development of modern society. The processing and utilization of coal have brought significant economic benefits for people, but at the same time, a large amount of coal-based solid waste is produced. Coal tar slag is one of the many types of solid waste. Coal tar slag contains a large number of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) that are carcinogenic to humans and are therefore categorized as hazardous waste. There is a large historical stockpile of coal tar slag, and if not properly handled, it will cause great harm to people and the environmen

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33

Zhang, Lei, Haocheng Zhao, Lei Zhang, Ruikang Song, Qi Wang, and Ziqing Liu. "Effect of Coal Tar Components and Thermal Polycondensation Conditions on the Formation of Mesophase Pitch." Materials 18, no. 5 (2025): 1002. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18051002.

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This study focuses on the preparation of mesophase pitch via the thermal polycondensation of heavy components from low-temperature coal tar. By altering the coal tar composition through distillation, we investigated the impact of various coal tar components and reaction conditions on the properties of the resulting mesophase pitch. Techniques such as infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, optical structure analysis, and family-component analysis were employed to analyze both the coal tar and mesophase pitch. The primary objective was to provide a comprehensive understanding of meso

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34

Bannikov, L. P., and N. V. Mukina. "Influence of mineral matter of coal particles on coal tar watering." Journal of Coal Chemistry 2 (2023): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2023-0-2-9-13.

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INFLUENCE OF MINERAL MATTER OF COAL PARTICLES ON COAL TAR WATERING © L.P. Bannikov, PhD in Technіcal Sciences (State Enterprise "Ukrainian State Scientific Research Institute of Coal Chemistry (UKHIN), 7 Vesnina str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine), N.V. Mukina (PJSC “ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih”, 1 Ordzhonikidze St., Krivoy Rog, Dnepropetrovsk region, 50095, Ukraine) The mineral part of the coal matter can serve as an important indicator of surface phenomena occurring during separation and preparation for processing of coal tar. Moreover, the analysis of the mineral part of coal tar and pitch during f

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35

Kovalev, Rodion, and Andrey Nikitin. "Properties of semi-coking tar pitches." From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step 6, no. 2 (2025): 153–61. https://doi.org/10.52957/2782-1900-2025-6-2-153-161.

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This paper compares previously produced pitches derived from medium-rank coal semi-coking tars. The study considers methods for obtaining semi-coking tars in different atmospheres. We measured pitch softening temperatures and compared how these values depend on both the original coal grade and tar extraction technology. We produced pitch by extracting tar from Zh-grade coal processed in an inert atmosphere. The carbonization experiments compared semi-coking tar pitch with grade B electrode pitch.

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36

Liu, Bo, Zhang Ming Shi, Jin Qiao He, and Hui Fang Xu. "Combustion Kinetics Characteristics of Dry Distillation Coal Tar." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.831.

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In order to improve burning-out characteristic of dry distillation coal tar, the sample of dry coal tar was investigated by thermo-gravimetric analyzer(TGA), and the sample’ properties of kinetics and burning-out were studied. The results show that the dry distillated tar combustion is mainly dynamic combustion with diffusive combustion as a supplement. The combustion activation energy was 30 kJ/mol above, but the activation energy, frequency factor and reaction order appeared change on the subsequent combustion. The dry distillated coal tar is easy to be ignited, but difficult to burn out, so

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37

&NA;. "Is coal tar carcinogenic?" Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 538 (1995): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199505380-00002.

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38

R R, Singh, Nitin Goyal, and Navpreet Kaur. "USE of Coal Tar." International Journal of Civil Engineering 2, no. 3 (2015): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488352/ijce-v2i3p108.

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39

Schmidt, R. E., and L. Gattermann. "V.-COAL TAR COLOURS." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 13, no. 4 (2008): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1897.tb00112.x.

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40

Condé-Salazar, L., D. Guimaraens, L. V. Romero, and M. A. Gonzalez. "Occupational coal tar dermatitis." Contact Dermatitis 16, no. 4 (1987): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01436.x.

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41

Šafářová, Marcela, Jaroslav Kusý, and Lukáš Anděl. "Brown coal tar hydrotreatment." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 89, no. 2 (2010): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2010.09.002.

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42

Das, Krishnan G., Jammalamadaka V. Prasad, Rugmini Devi, and Gurubhagavatula K. Viswanadha Rao. "Coal tar nitrogen bases." Fuel 64, no. 1 (1985): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(85)90297-2.

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Roelofzen, Judith H. J., Katja K. H. Aben, Pieter G. M. van der valk, Jeanette L. M. van houtum, Peter C. M. van de kerkhof, and Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney. "Coal tar in dermatology." Journal of Dermatological Treatment 18, no. 6 (2007): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546630701496347.

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Ko, Hyo Joon, Chang Uk Park, Hyo Hang Cho, Mi Jung Yoo, Myung-Soo Kim, and Yun-Soo Lim. "Preparation of Coal Tar Pitch as Carbon Fibers Precursor from Coal Tar." Korean Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 5 (2013): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3740/mrsk.2013.23.5.276.

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HORITA, Yoshiharu, Taiji OISHI, Hiroshi OKAZAKI, Munekazu NAKAMURA, and Hideo TANJI. "Hydrodenitrogenation of coal tar pitch. Part 2 Characterization of coal tar pitch." Journal of The Japan Petroleum Institute 30, no. 2 (1987): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1627/jpi1958.30.101.

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Cherkasova, T. G., A. V. Nevedrov, and A. V. Papin. "STUDIES OF QUINOLINE-INSOLUBLE SUBSTANCES IN COAL TAR AND COAL TAR PITCH." Ugol', no. 06 (June 8, 2024): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18796/0041-5790-2024-6-62-65.

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Feng, Lele, Maifan Dong, Yuxin Wu, and Junping Gu. "Comparison of Tar Samples from Reaction Zone and Outlet in Ex-Situ Underground Coal Gasification Experiment." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248570.

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Tar remaining in the gasification cavity during underground coal gasification (UCG) is an important pollution source, while the reported studies only focus on the tar behavior at the outlet. The present work aims to compare the tar properties from the reaction zone and the outlet, analyze the tar evolution during gasification, and discuss possible measures to control tar pollution. Tar was sampled with a self-developed equipment from an ex-situ underground coal gasification experimental system and analyzed by GC-MS. The gas composition, temperature, and PM10 were also compared for the reaction

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Li, Xinli, Xiaobin Qi, Rui Chen, Zhiping Zhu, and Xiaofang Wang. "The Influence of Solid Heat Carrier Load of Char on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Pulverized Coal in a Fluidized Bed Reactor." Energies 17, no. 10 (2024): 2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17102282.

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Pulverized coal pyrolysis based on solid heat carrier has a huge advantage in high tar yield. In this study, pyrolysis experiments on pulverized coal were conducted in a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor at 650 °C, utilizing char as the solid heat carrier. The influence of mass ratio of char to coal (RATIO) was investigated. Results show that the incorporation of solid heat carrier of char significantly enhanced the primary pyrolysis reaction in coal pyrolysis, resulting in increasing yields of tar and gas but reducing one of char. The yield of tar maximally reached 148.80–262.22% of the Gray–Ki

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Li, Dong, Wen Hong Li, Xiao Yan Yang, Zheng Fan, Feng Wang, and Sui Hong Yan. "Microstructural Characteristics of Toluene Insolubles from Coal Tar." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.637.

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Toluene insolubles (TI) in coal tar is harmful to the downstream hydrotreating, and it may be difficult to be removed by conventional filtration. The TI is separated from coal tar which is washed by toluene and centrifugated at 2000 rpm and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size measurements, X-ray Diffraction analyses (XRD) and elemental analysis. It is concluded that TI in coal tar is present typically as globular aggregates. The primary particles range in size from less than 0.5μm to about 20μm. Characterization of TI in the

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Tian, Bo, Hao Zhang, Jie Liu, Yibin Liu, and Chaohe Yang. "Coupling Oil Increase by Coal Liquefaction Residue Pyrolysis and Coal Pyrolysis Depolymerization Based on Big Data." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2152, no. 1 (2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2152/1/012009.

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Abstract With the continuous improvement of big data technology, my country’s coal liquefaction technology has also continued to mature, maintaining a stable industrial development. Traditional coal pyrolysis technology for tar production with the purpose of increasing tar production, such as coal hydropyrolysis, has problems such as high cost of pure hydrogen atmosphere and complex process and equipment operations, which severely restrict its industrial operation process. Based on this, this paper proposes a new technology of coal pyrolysis and depolymerization coupled with oil increase by us

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