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1

Tietze, Dieter Thomas, Jochen Martens, Yue-Hua Sun, Lucia Liu Severinghaus, and Martin Päckert. "Song evolution in the coal tit Parus ater." Journal of Avian Biology 42, no. 3 (2011): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048x.2010.05283.x.

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2

Brotons, Lluís, Marc Magrans, Lluís Ferrús, and Jacint Nadal. "Direct and indirect effects of pollution on the foraging behaviour of forest passerines during the breeding season." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 3 (1998): 556–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-233.

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Direct and indirect effects of acid deposition on the foraging behaviour of three forest passerine species, the Crested Tit (Parus cristatus), Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus), and Coal Tit (P. ater), during the breeding season were studied. In two areas, one affected by pollution from a nearby coal-fired power station and the other unaffected by pollution, we measured needle density and arthropod availability on tree branches; both factors are recognised as affecting the foraging behaviour of forest birds. Tree-site use and movement patterns of birds searching for prey were also determin
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3

Lubjuhn, Thomas, Thomas Gerken, Jorg Brun, and Jorg T. Epplen. "High Frequency of Extra-Pair Paternity in the Coal Tit." Journal of Avian Biology 30, no. 2 (1999): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677134.

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4

Schmoll, Tim, and Oddmund Kleven. "Sperm dimensions differ between two Coal Tit Periparus ater populations." Journal of Ornithology 152, no. 3 (2010): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-010-0603-z.

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5

Blondel, J. "Breeding Strategies of the Blue Tit and Coal Tit (Parus) in Mainland and Island Mediterranean Habitats: A Comparison." Journal of Animal Ecology 54, no. 2 (1985): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4497.

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6

Foster, Geoffrey, Henry Malnick, Paul A. Lawson, James Kirkwood, Shaheed K. MacGregor, and Matthew D. Collins. "Suttonella ornithocola sp. nov., from birds of the tit families, and emended description of the genus Suttonella." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 6 (2005): 2269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63681-0.

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Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on three strains of Gram-negative, rod-shaped organisms recovered from dead birds of the tit families (blue tit, coal tit and long-tailed tit). Morphological, cultural and biochemical studies indicated that the organisms were related to the family Cardiobacteriaceae in the gamma-subclass of the Proteobacteria. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed these findings and demonstrated that the bacterium represents a hitherto unknown subline within this family. The closest phylogenetic relative of the strains isolated from the birds
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7

Zawadzki, Grzegorz, Jerzy Zawadzki, Dorota Zawadzka, and Anna Sołtys. "Using nest-boxes in pine stands of the Augustów Forest." Forest Research Papers 80, no. 2 (2019): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2019-0012.

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Abstract In 2011–2014, the occupancy of nest-boxes by secondary hole-nesting birds and their breeding success was investigated in pine stands of the Augustów Forest (North-Eastern Poland). In the studied area of 12600 ha, the share of Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. in the stands was 92%. On average, birds occupied 54% and bats 3% of the 224–317 nest boxes controlled yearly. Nest boxes were also used by the Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum L. as food caches. In total, broods of nine secondary hole-nesting species were observed, but only four bird species nested in each year of study. The most nu
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8

Gosler, A. G., and T. D. Carruthers. "Bill Size and Niche Breadth in the Irish Coal Tit Parus ater hibernicus." Journal of Avian Biology 25, no. 3 (1994): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677072.

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9

Schölin, Karl Gustav, and Hans Källander. "The breeding biology of the Coal Tit Periparus ater in South Central Sweden." Ornis Svecica 23, no. 3–4 (2013): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v23.22567.

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In a nestbox study started in 1948 and still ongoing, the number of breeding Coal Tits Periparus ater was always low. Here we present data on time of egg laying and its advancement during the last three decades, clutch size, fledging success and proportion of second broods. Laying dates varied between 18 April and 10 May, with an overall mean of 5 May, and advanced by 0.36 days per year during the second half of the study. Mean clutch size was 8.55 (first clutches). A mean of 7.25 young fledged (all first broods) or 7.78 (failed first broods excluded). Second broods (12.6%) were often not chec
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10

Haftorn, Svein. "Is the Coal Tit Parus ater Really the Most Subordinate of the Scandinavian Tits?" Ornis Scandinavica 24, no. 4 (1993): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3676798.

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11

Schmoll, Tim, Verena Mund, Verena Dietrich-Bischoff, Wolfgang Winkel, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Male age predicts extrapair and total fertilization success in the socially monogamous coal tit." Behavioral Ecology 18, no. 6 (2007): 1073–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arm082.

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12

Dietrich, Verena C. J., Tim Schmoll, Wolfgang Winkel, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Survival to first breeding is not sex-specific in the Coal Tit (Parus ater)." Journal of Ornithology 144, no. 2 (2003): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02465643.

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13

Marhounová, Lucie, Daniel Frynta, Roman Fuchs, and Eva Landová. "Object permanence in the food-storing coal tit (Periparus ater) and the non-storing great tit (Parus major): Is the mental representation required?" Journal of Comparative Psychology 131, no. 2 (2017): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/com0000061.

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14

Krebs, John R., Susan D. Healy, and Sara J. Shettleworth. "Spatial memory of paridae: comparison of a storing and a non-storing species, the coal tit, Parus ater, and the great tit, P. major." Animal Behaviour 39, no. 6 (1990): 1127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80785-7.

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15

Sehhatisabet, Mohammad E., Bahram Kiabi, Ali Pazuki, et al. "Food diversity and niche-overlap of sympatric tits (Great Tit,Parus major, Blue Tit,Cyanistes caeruleusand Coal TitPeriparus ater) in the Hyrcanian Plain forests." Zoology in the Middle East 44, no. 1 (2008): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2008.10638285.

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16

Brotons, Lluı́s. "Individual food-hoarding decisions in a nonterritorial coal tit population: the role of social context." Animal Behaviour 60, no. 3 (2000): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2000.1467.

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17

Broggi, Juli, and Lluis Brotons. "Coal Tit fat-storing patterns during the non-breeding season: the role of residence status." Journal of Avian Biology 32, no. 4 (2001): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.320407.x.

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18

Hay, Jacqueline M., Peter R. Evans, Robin M. Ward, and Keith C. Hamer. "Poor nutritional condition as a consequence of high dominance status in the Coal Tit Parus ater." Ibis 146, no. 1 (2003): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2004.00236.x.

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19

Mobedi, I., M. Sehhatisabet, E. Razmjou, and S. Shafiei. "First record of Diplotriaena henryi Blanc, 1919 from the coal tit, Parus ater with new report from the great tit, Parus major in the Middle East." Helminthologia 43, no. 4 (2006): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-006-0045-6.

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AbstractSeven males and thirteen female Diplotriaena henryi Blanc 1919 were collected from body cavities (heart, sternum, and chest) of tits (one Parus major and three Parus ater) in plain woodland of Noor, in Northern Iran.
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20

Lubjuhn, Thomas, Tim Schmoll, Wolfgang Winkel, Verena Dietrich, and Jörg Epplen. "Pair identity — An important factor concerning variation in extra-pair paternity in the coal tit (Parus ater)." Behaviour 141, no. 7 (2004): 817–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539042265644.

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AbstractIn the majority of socially monogamous bird species, extra-pair paternity (EPP) has been shown to be common, while its frequency varies considerably among as well as within species. Our knowledge of factors affecting this variation, however, still remains comparatively poor. A thorough analysis of EPP patterns on an individual level may lead to a better understanding of the general diversity in EPP. Here, we analyse intra- and inter-annual as well as individual variation in the occurrence of EPP in first and second broods of coal tits (Parus ater) in three successive years. Based on a
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21

Henderson, Lindsay J., Rowan C. Cockcroft, Hiroyuki Kaiya, Timothy Boswell, and Tom V. Smulders. "Peripherally injected ghrelin and leptin reduce food hoarding and mass gain in the coal tit ( Periparus ater )." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1879 (2018): 20180417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0417.

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In birds little is known about the hormonal signals that communicate nutritional state to the brain and regulate appetitive behaviours. In mammals, the peptide hormones ghrelin and leptin elevate and inhibit consumption and food hoarding, respectively. But in birds, administration of both ghrelin and leptin inhibit food consumption. The role of these hormones in the regulation of food hoarding in avian species has not been examined. To investigate this, we injected wild caught coal tits ( Periparus ater ) with leptin, high-dose ghrelin, low-dose ghrelin and a saline control in the laboratory.
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22

BROTONS, LLUÍS. "Winter spacing and non-breeding social system of the Coal Tit Parus ater in a subalpine forest." Ibis 142, no. 4 (2008): 657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2000.tb04465.x.

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23

Schmoll, Tim, Anja Quellmalz, Verena Dietrich, Wolfgang Winkel, Jörg T. Epplen, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Genetic similarity between pair mates is not related to extrapair paternity in the socially monogamous coal tit." Animal Behaviour 69, no. 5 (2005): 1013–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.08.010.

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24

Dietrich-Bischoff, Verena, Tim Schmoll, Wolfgang Winkel, Sven Krackow, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Extra-pair paternity, offspring mortality and offspring sex ratio in the socially monogamous coal tit (Parus ater)." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 60, no. 4 (2006): 563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-006-0201-5.

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25

Thibault, Jean-Claude, and Roger Prodon. "Seed predation by birds shortly after a wildfire in a Corsican pine forest." International Journal of Wildland Fire 15, no. 1 (2006): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf04037.

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We examined the response of birds to a severe summer wildfire in a Corsican pine forest during the first months following the disturbance. Only seed-eating species visited the burnt areas in large numbers. While certain trunks or branches were still burning, numerous birds, among them the coal tit Parus ater and the Corsican nuthatch Sitta whiteheadi, were attracted by the large amount of pine seeds made available by the opening of the cones under the action of heat. The number of seed-harvesting birds declined afterwards. We discuss how seed hoarding by tits and nuthatches enabled these resid
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26

Dietrich, Verena, Tim Schmoll, Wolfgang Winkel, J�rg T. Epplen, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Cuckoldry and recapture probability of adult males are not related in the socially monogamous coal tit (Parus ater)." Journal of Ornithology 145, no. 4 (2004): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-004-0047-4.

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27

Bokotey, Andriy. "Changes in the breeding avifauna of Lviv residential part from the period since 2006 till 2018 years." Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum, no. 36 (December 10, 2020): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.36885/nzdpm.2020.36.95-106.

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The analysis of breeding avifauna changes has been performed on the base of field studies that took place in residential parts of the Lviv city in 2006-2007 and 2017-2018 breeding seasons. Nowadays 84 breeding species were recorded in the Lviv city. The number of local species in bird population significantly decreased from 51 in 2007 to 41 in 2018. It shows the reduction of some species number together with the growth of their diversity (from 73 to 81) and significant increase in population from 443,0 to 581,6 pairs/10 ha. During 12 years 70 species constantly remain in the fauna. Three speci
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28

Brotons, Lluís, and Svein Haftorn. "Geographic variation of the storing behaviour in the Coal tit Parus ater: role of winter residency and environmental conditions." Ibis 141, no. 4 (2008): 587–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb07366.x.

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29

Carrascal, Luis M., and Eulalia Moreno. "Proximal costs and benefits of heterospecific social foraging in the Great Tit, Parus major." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 10 (1992): 1947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-264.

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The feeding and vigilance schedules of Great Tits (Parus major) at artificial feeders were studied in winter. We compared the behaviour of birds that foraged in pairs (mono- or hetero-specific) and solitarily. The percentage of time spent foraging was higher when a Great Tit was with an individual belonging to a subordinate species rather than with another Great Tit or a member of the dominant species. When a bird was solitary, time spent foraging was less than when it was with an individual belonging to a subordinate species, and greater than when it was with one belonging to the dominant spe
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30

Norberg, R. A., and U. M. Lindhe Norberg. "Evolution of enlarged body size of coal tits Parus ater in geographic isolation from two larger competitors, the crested tit Parus cristatus and the willow tit Parus montanus, on six Scandinavian islands." Biology Open 4, no. 11 (2015): 1490–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.013839.

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31

Schmoll, Tim, Frank M. Schurr, Wolfgang Winkel, Joerg T. Epplen, and Thomas Lubjuhn. "Lifespan, lifetime reproductive performance and paternity loss of within-pair and extra-pair offspring in the coal tit Periparus ater." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1655 (2008): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1116.

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The hypothesis that females of socially monogamous species obtain indirect benefits (good or compatible genes) from extra-pair mating behaviour has received enormous attention but much less generally accepted support. Here we ask whether selection for adult survival and fecundity or sexual selection contribute to indirect selection of the extra-pair mating behaviour in socially monogamous coal tits ( Periparus ater ). We tracked locally recruited individuals with known paternity status through their lives predicting that the extra-pair offspring (EPO) would outperform the within-pair offspring
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32

Gavrilov, V. V., and G. V. Morgunova. "Diurnal rhythms of standard metabolic rate and respiratory quotient in the coal tit (Periparus Ater, Aves) during the autumn-winter period." Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin 69, no. 4 (2014): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s009639251404004x.

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33

Polo, V. "Daily body mass regulation in dominance-structured coal tit (Parus ater) flocks in response to variable food access: a laboratory study." Behavioral Ecology 13, no. 5 (2002): 696–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/13.5.696.

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34

Tritsch, Christian, Heiko Stuckas, Jochen Martens, et al. "Gene flow in the European coal tit, Periparus ater (Aves: Passeriformes): low among Mediterranean populations but high in a continental contact zone." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 124, no. 3 (2018): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/bly043.

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35

Dagan, Uzi, and Ido Izhaki. "The Effect of Pine Forest Structure on Bird-Mobbing Behavior: From Individual Response to Community Composition." Forests 10, no. 9 (2019): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090762.

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Pine-forest bird communities are affected by the forest structure and the density and composition of its understory vegetation. In this study, we focused on the combined effects of vegetation structure and caller identity on the mobbing behavior of birds in breeding and non-breeding seasons. We examined the effect of the understory structure and the density of three types of conifer forest habitats on bird behavior by broadcasting three different types of mobbing calls: Those of two all-year resident species in the state Israel (Sardinian warbler Sylvia melanocephala Gmelin and great tit Parus
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36

Rice, I. G. "Split Stream Boilers for High-Temperature/High-Pressure Topping Steam Turbine Combined Cycles." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, no. 2 (1997): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2815586.

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Research and development work on high-temperature and high-pressure (up to 1500°F TIT and 4500 psia) topping steam turbines and associated steam generators for steam power plants as well as combined cycle plants is being carried forward by DOE, EPRI, and independent companies. Aeroderivative gas turbines and heavy-duty gas turbines both will require exhaust gas supplementary firing to achieve high throttle temperatures. This paper presents an analysis and examples of a split stream boiler arrangement for high-temperature and high-pressure topping steam turbine combined cycles. A portion of the
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37

Han, Qiyao, and Greg Keeffe. "Stepping stones." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 9, no. 3 (2019): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-12-2018-0065.

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Purpose Large-scale urbanisation has become a significant barrier to the natural migration of tree species, which is being exacerbated by accelerated climate change. Within this context, improving the permeability of urban landscapes is expected to be an effective strategy to facilitate the process of forest migration through cities. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method to assess the permeability of urban green spaces as stepping stones for forest migration, from the perspective of seed dispersal. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method combines a least-cost path (LCP) mode
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38

Gavrilov, V. V., E. O. Veselovskaya, V. M. Gavrilov, M. Ya Goretskaya, and G. V. Morgunova. "Diurnal rhythms of locomotor activity, changes in body mass and fat reserves, standard metabolic rate, and respiratory quotient in the free-living coal tit (Parus ater) in the autumn-winter period." Biology Bulletin 40, no. 8 (2013): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062359013080062.

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39

Inculet, Ion I., Robert M. Quigley, and Ken B. Filliter. "Coal-Clay Triboelectrification." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-21, no. 2 (1985): 514–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1985.349696.

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40

Šotnár, Karol, Samuel Pačenovský, and Ján Obuch. "On the food of the Eurasian pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum) in Slovakia." Slovak Raptor Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0009.

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Abstract Data on the food of the Eurasian pygmy owl in Slovakia was collected in 1999−2014 at 12 breeding locations in 7 mountain ranges of the Western Carpathian Mts and 1 range belonging to the Eastern Carpathian Mts. The basis of the evaluation of the food spectrum of prey of G. passerinum was the collection of pellets, osteological remnants and feathers from birds beneath nest cavities and roosting places of females in the months of May to July, that is, in the period of feeding young in the nest. Overall samples of food from 12 nests at elevations of 650−1,260 m a.s.l. were collected; fro
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41

Gesnel, Marie-Claude, Fabienne Del Gatto-Konczak, and Richard Breathnach. "Combined Use of MS2 and PP7 Coat Fusions Shows that TIA-1 Dominates hnRNP A1 for K-SAM Exon Splicing Control." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/104853.

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Splicing of the FGFR2 K-SAM exon is repressed by hnRNP A1 bound to the exon and activated by TIA-1 bound to the downstream intron. Both proteins are expressed similarly by cells whether they splice the exon or not, so it is important to know which one is dominant. To answer this question, we used bacteriophage PP7 and bacteriophage MS2 coat fusions to tether hnRNP A1 and TIA-1 to distinct sites on the same pre-mRNA molecule. hnRNP A1 fused to one coat protein was tethered to a K-SAM exon containing the corresponding coat protein's binding site. TIA-1 fused to the other coat protein was tethere
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42

Xu, Qingwei, Kaili Xu, Li Li, and Xiwen Yao. "Mine safety assessment based on basic event importance: grey relational analysis and bow tie model." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (2018): 180397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180397.

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Safety assessments are a crucial first step in preventing coal and gas outburst accidents. The main purpose of this study was to create a new accident prevention technique using a novel safety assessment method based on fault tree basic event importance, grey relational analysis and the bow tie model. The innovation of the proposed method lies in generating the composite importance of a basic event from the fundamental importance via grey relational analysis; bow tie analysis serves to reveal the most critical basic event. First, the minimal cut sets and minimal path sets of a coal and gas out
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43

Si, Lei, Zhongbin Wang, Peng Liu, Chao Tan, Hang Chen, and Dong Wei. "A Novel Coal–Rock Recognition Method for Coal Mining Working Face Based on Laser Point Cloud Data." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 70 (2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3108228.

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44

Kutlu, Nermin, and Halil Oturak. "The Optical and Crystallite Characterization of Bilayer TiO2 Films Coated on Different ITO layers." Open Chemistry 16, no. 1 (2018): 1275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0135.

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AbstractTitanium dioxide(TiO2) is a well-known material which is non-toxic with efficient photoactivity, high stability, low-cost and corrosion-resistant. Up to today’s technology, TiO2 films are coated for various applications in the scientific area. In this study, bilayer TiO2 films were coated on indium tin oxide(ITO) layers that have different characteristic properties. The devices designed as homemade of Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering (DCMS) and Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD) coating methods were used to coat the first and second layers of bilayer TiO2 films, respectively. The opti
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45

Ma, Guo Jun, Yi Biao Jin, and Da Bin Yang. "Production of Si-Al-Fe Alloy with Carbothermal Reduction of Coal Fly Ash." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1808–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1808.

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In this study, production of Si-Al-Fe alloy with coal fly ash and bauxite as the major raw materials in the induction furnace at high temperatures were studied. The results show that carbothermal reduction of mixture of coal fly ash, bauxite, hematite, silica and CaF2 in the induction furnace can produce Si-Al-Fe alloy, and it can therefore improve the utilization value of fly ash and reduce its pollution to the environment. The reduced alloy phase mainly contains ~23% Si, ~19% Al and ~52% Fe, and small amounts of P and S. The main phases of alloy are Al0.5Fe3Si0.5, FeSi, SiC, Si5C3, FeC, and
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46

Hargrave, Chad O., Jonathon C. Ralston, and David W. Hainsworth. "Optimizing Wireless LAN for Longwall Coal Mine Automation." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 43, no. 1 (2007): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2006.885892.

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47

Reynolds, Richard L. "History of Coal Mine Electrical Fatalities Since 1970." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-21, no. 6 (1985): 1538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1985.349613.

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48

Yenchek, Michael R., Frederick C. Trutt, Jeffrey L. Kohler, Lloyd A. Morley, and Thomas Novak. "Sensitive DC Ground Fault Relays for Coal Mines." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-23, no. 4 (1987): 736–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1987.4504973.

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49

Androulakis, Vasilis, Joseph Sottile, Steven Schafrik, and Zach Agioutantis. "Concepts for Development of Autonomous Coal Mine Shuttle Cars." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 56, no. 3 (2020): 3272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2020.2972786.

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50

Croyle, Floyd D., Jeffrey L. Kohler, and Christopher J. Bise. "Maximum Demand and Demand Factors in Underground Coal Mining." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-23, no. 6 (1987): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1987.4505039.

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