Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coalite and Chemical Products Limited

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Academic literature on the topic 'Coalite and Chemical Products Limited'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Coalite and Chemical Products Limited"

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Zhao, Chenxi, Yupeng Xing, Wei Lv, et al. "Effect of pyrolysis temperature on volatile products from hazelnut shells: products characteristics and antioxidant activity assessment of liquid products." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 19, no. 4 (2021): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2020-0217.

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Abstract It is being considered to pyrolyze lignin-rich biomass samples (hazelnut shells, HSs) into bio-fuels and chemicals to solve energy shortages and environmental concerns, volatile products (including liquid products and gas products) were produced and characterized from HSs pyrolysis at 400–1000 °C. With the temperature increases, the maximum output of liquid products was up to 35.79% produced at 700 °C, gas products yields increased from 21.82 to 55.46%. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) study indicated that liquid products from HSs riched in phenolic compounds, exceed 4
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Ghebremichael, K., A. Gebremeskel, N. Trifunovic, and G. Amy. "Modeling disinfection by-products: coupling hydraulicand chemical models." Water Supply 8, no. 3 (2008): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.073.

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There are established chemical models that can predict disinfectant decay and DBPs formation with respect to various water quality parameters and reaction time (water age). While models such as EPANET are powerful tools in hydraulic simulations, they have limited use in simulating water quality, containing only a basic chlorine decay subroutine. This paper presents a study on the use of a link that was developed to couple the external water quality models and the hydraulic model of EPANET 2.The coupled model has been applied to a hypothetical distribution system under steady and non steady con
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Fusetani, Nobuhiro. "Biotechnological potential of marine natural products." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 1 (2010): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-01-11.

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The number of marine natural products (MNPs) that have been applied to biotechnological industry is very limited, although nearly 20 000 new compounds were discovered from marine organisms since the birth of MNPs in the early 1970s. However, it is apparent that they have a significant potential as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, research tools, and others. This article focuses on selective antitumor metabolites isolated from marine sponges and tunicates and their modes of action, as well as promising candidates for nontoxic antifoulants discovered from marine organisms.
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Speck, Klaus, and Thomas Magauer. "The chemistry of isoindole natural products." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (October 10, 2013): 2048–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.243.

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This review highlights the chemical and biological aspects of natural products containing an oxidized or reduced isoindole skeleton. This motif is found in its intact or modified form in indolocarbazoles, macrocyclic polyketides (cytochalasan alkaloids), the aporhoeadane alkaloids, meroterpenoids from Stachybotrys species and anthraquinone-type alkaloids. Concerning their biological activity, molecular structure and synthesis, we have limited this review to the most inspiring examples. Within different congeners, we have selected a few members and discussed the synthetic routes in more detail.
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Solomon, Gina M., Anh Hoang, and Peggy Reynolds. "The California Safer Consumer Products Program: Evaluating a Novel Chemical Policy Strategy." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 29, no. 2 (2019): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291119850105.

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In 2008, California enacted laws to restructure chemical policy and promote green chemistry. Ten years after the passage of California’s green chemistry laws, we assessed their performance through structured interviews with a sample of experts from government, academia, business, and the nonprofit sector. We combined the interviews with a scoping literature review to propose a new ten-point framework for evaluating the effectiveness of a chemical regulatory policy, and we assessed the performance of the California law against this framework. The California program performed well on transparenc
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Naveja, J. Jesús, Mariel P. Rico-Hidalgo, and José L. Medina-Franco. "Analysis of a large food chemical database: chemical space, diversity, and complexity." F1000Research 7 (July 3, 2018): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15440.1.

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Background: Food chemicals are a cornerstone in the food industry. However, its chemical diversity has been explored on a limited basis, for instance, previous analysis of food-related databases were done up to 2,200 molecules. The goal of this work was to quantify the chemical diversity of chemical compounds stored in FooDB, a database with nearly 24,000 food chemicals. Methods: The visual representation of the chemical space of FooDB was done with ChemMaps, a novel approach based on the concept of chemical satellites. The large food chemical database was profiled based on physicochemical pro
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Zvaigzne, Gaļina, and Daina Kārkliņa. "Health Promoting Chemical Components of Orange Juice." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 67, no. 4-5 (2013): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2013-0061.

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Abstract Citrus fruit or juice can be an excellent source of health-promoting substances at breakfast. A 150-200 ml glass of orange juice daily provides many nutrients required for good human health. As has been reported, vitamin C, thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, folate are present in oranges. Citrus juices also provide minerals - calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, and phosphorous, which are part of the vital enzyme system of the human body. In addition, several compounds - flavonoids and other health-promoting
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Huo, Jiajie, and Brent H. Shanks. "Bioprivileged Molecules: Integrating Biological and Chemical Catalysis for Biomass Conversion." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 11, no. 1 (2020): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101519-121127.

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Further development of biomass conversions to viable chemicals and fuels will require improved atom utilization, process efficiency, and synergistic allocation of carbon feedstock into diverse products, as is the case in the well-developed petroleum industry. The integration of biological and chemical processes, which harnesses the strength of each type of process, can lead to advantaged processes over processes limited to one or the other. This synergy can be achieved through bioprivileged molecules that can be leveraged to produce a diversity of products, including both replacement molecules
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Chen, Ming, Jingyu Liu, Panpan Duan, Mulin Li, and Wen Liu. "Biosynthesis and molecular engineering of templated natural products." National Science Review 4, no. 4 (2016): 553–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nww045.

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Abstract Bioactive small molecules that are produced by living organisms, often referred to as natural products (NPs), historically play a critical role in the context of both medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. How nature creates these chemical entities with stunning structural complexity and diversity using a limited range of simple substrates has not been fully understood. Focusing on two types of NPs that share a highly evolvable ‘template’-biosynthetic logic, we here provide specific examples to highlight the conceptual and technological leaps in NP biosynthesis and witness the area
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Naveja, J. Jesús, Mariel P. Rico-Hidalgo, and José L. Medina-Franco. "Analysis of a large food chemical database: chemical space, diversity, and complexity." F1000Research 7 (August 10, 2018): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15440.2.

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Background: Food chemicals are a cornerstone in the food industry. However, its chemical diversity has been explored on a limited basis, for instance, previous analysis of food-related databases were done up to 2,200 molecules. The goal of this work was to quantify the chemical diversity of chemical compounds stored in FooDB, a database with nearly 24,000 food chemicals. Methods: The visual representation of the chemical space of FooDB was done with ChemMaps, a novel approach based on the concept of chemical satellites. The large food chemical database was profiled based on physicochemical pro
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Books on the topic "Coalite and Chemical Products Limited"

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New forms of work organization: The challenge for North American unions. University of Toronto Press, 1990.

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Rankin, Thomas Donald. New forms of work organization: The challenge for North America unions. University of Toronto, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coalite and Chemical Products Limited"

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"APPENDIX I. Collective Agreement between Shell Canada Products Limited and the Energy and Chemical Workers Union Local 800." In New Forms of Work Organization. University of Toronto Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487580438-009.

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Fawcett, W. Ronald. "Chemical Reaction Kinetics in Solution." In Liquids, Solutions, and Interfaces. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094329.003.0011.

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The kinetics of chemical reactions were first studied in liquid solutions. These experiments involved mixing two liquids and following the change in the concentration of a reactant or product with time. The concentration was monitored by removing a small sample of the solution and stopping the reaction, for example, by rapidly lowering the temperature, or by following a physical property of the system in situ, for example, its color. Although the experiments were initially limited to slow reactions, they established the basic laws governing the rate at which chemical changes occur. The variables considered included the concentrations of the reactants and of the products, the temperature, and the pressure. Thus, the reacting system was examined using the variables normally considered for a system at equilibrium. Most reactions were found to be complex, that is, to be made up of several elementary steps which involved one or two reactants. As the fundamental concepts of chemical kinetics developed, there was a strong interest in studying chemical reactions in the gas phase. At low pressures the reacting molecules in a gaseous solution are far from one another, and the theoretical description of equilibrium thermodynamic properties was well developed. Thus, the kinetic theory of gases and collision processes was applied first to construct a model for chemical reaction kinetics. This was followed by transition state theory and a more detailed understanding of elementary reactions on the basis of quantum mechanics. Eventually, these concepts were applied to reactions in liquid solutions with consideration of the role of the non-reacting medium, that is, the solvent. An important turning point in reaction kinetics was the development of experimental techniques for studying fast reactions in solution. The first of these was based on flow techniques and extended the time range over which chemical changes could be observed from a few seconds down to a few milliseconds. This was followed by the development of a variety of relaxation techniques, including the temperature jump, pressure jump, and electrical field jump methods. In this way, the time for experimental observation was extended below the nanosecond range.
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Shcheklein, Sergey Evgenevich, and Alexei Mihailovich Dubinin. "Electrical and Heat Power Production Using the Products of Air Conversion of Motor Diesel Fuel and Electrochemical Generator for Agricultural Consumers." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9179-5.ch003.

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At present, the production of electricity for agricultural consumers remote from the centralized electrical power grid is carried out using diesel-generator technology with a limited service life of engines and extremely low efficiency of the expensive fuel used. In this chapter, an innovative technology has been considered for the combined electrical and heat power production using the preliminary conversion of diesel fuel into synthesis gas with its subsequent supply to a high temperature electrochemical generator (ECG). Synthesis gas for the operation of the electrochemical generator was produced by air conversion of motor diesel fuels in a catalytic burner reactor. On the basis of heat balances of the burner, ECG and waste-heat boiler-utilizer, electrical efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cells' (SOFC) battery, chemical efficiency of the burner, the temperature at the SOFC anode, the EMF of the planar cell, a portion of hydrogen oxidized at the SOFC anode, specific consumption of diesel fuel for the production of electrical and heat power were calculated.
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María Manjarrez Paba, Ganiveth, and Rosa Baldiris Ávila. "Enterococcus Present in Marine Ecosystems and Their Potential to Degrade Azo Dyes." In Coastal Environments. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95439.

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Azo dyes are frequently used at an industrial level to restore the color of raw materials once it has faded away, make an original color more vibrant or with the purpose of giving a material a different color that is considered more attractive. These processes however, have a negative impact on the environment, evidenced in colored wastewater that is subsequently dumped into water bodies, causing disruptions in the natural balance of ecosystems and deteriorating human health. Traditional strategies for the treatment of effluents contaminated with azo dyes are limited to physical and chemical processes that have a high energy and economic cost. For these reasons, current challenges are focused on the use of microorganisms capable of transforming dyes into less toxic products. This chapter will present a description of the main characteristics of azo dyes and the different methods used for their treatment, with special emphasis on the benefits associated with biological treatment. Likewise, it will provide relevant information about Enterococcus and show its potential to degrade azo dyes.
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Noyori, Ryoji, and Takao Ikariya. "Carbon Dioxide as a Reactant and Solvent in Catalysis." In Green Chemistry Using Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154832.003.0007.

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An increased awareness of global atmospheric carbon levels and heightened efforts to recover industrial emissions prior to their release into the environment has led to the availability of an unprecedented amount of carbon dioxide for industrial utilization. Unfortunately, chemical utilization of carbon dioxide as an industrial feedstock is limited by thermodynamic and kinetic constraints. Toxic carbon monoxide, the main competitor in many processes, is used in industry instead because CO2 is perceived to be less reactive and its efficient catalytic conversion has remained elusive. The major commercial uses of CO2 today are in beverages, fire extinguishers, and refrigerants, where inert physical properties such as oxidative and thermodynamic stability are advantageous. It is this stability that has limited the use of CO2 to only a very few synthetic chemical processes (urea, aspirin, carbonates) despite the enormous availability of this resource. The conversion of CO2 into useful organic compounds will likely rely on the use of metal catalysts to lower energy inputs. Increasingly, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide appears to offer significant advantages in the catalytic activation of CO2 to yield useful products. Liquid or supercritical CO2 (sc CO2) can be used as a reaction medium and can potentially replace conventional organic solvents to serve as an environmentally benign reaction medium (Ikariya and Noyori, 1999; Jessop and Leitner, 1999; Jessop et al., 1995b; Noyori, 1999). A supercritical fluid (SCF) is any substance that has a temperature and pressure higher than their critical values and which has a density close to or higher than its critical density (Jessop and Leitner, 1999; Jessop et al., 1995b). Carbon dioxide has a critical temperature of 31.0 °C and a critical pressure of 71.8 bar. The supercritical region of the phase diagram is the one at temperatures higher than the Tc and pressures higher than the Pc at which the liquid and gas phases become indistinguishable. Below Tc, liquid CO2 can be maintained under relatively modest pressures. Subcritical liquid CO2 behaves like any other nonpolar liquid solvent. Properties such as density are continuous above the Tc and discontinuous below it.
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Doraiswamy, L. K. "Electroorganic Synthesis Engineering." In Organic Synthesis Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096897.003.0030.

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Historically, electrochemical processes have been limited to the production of inorganic compounds, and commercial processes based on electroorganic synthesis have found only limited application. It appeared to be an “odious truth” (Fry, 1972) that electrochemical techniques were ignored in organic synthesis. But the past 25 years have witnessed the introduction of a fairly large number of new electroorganic processes with attendant advances in electrochemical process analysis. The most remarkable has been Monsanto’s highly successful electrochemical route for the production of adiponitrile. A particularly notable advance is the electrosynthesis of fine chemicals and natural products. Combinations of electrosynthesis with other strategies of rate or selectivity enhancement such as catalysis by PTC and by enzymes (Chapters 19 and 20) are also adding exciting possibilities to organic synthesis. Simultaneously, fundamental understanding of the principles of organic electrochemistry, electrode kinetics, and transport processes in electrochemical systems has grown rapidly in the last decade. A number of books and reviews have appeared on electroorganic chemistry during this period, for example, Eberson and Schafer (1971), Fry (1972), Beck (1974), Perry and Chilton (1976), Rifi and Covitz (1975, 1980), Weinberg (1974, 1990), Swann and Alkire (1980), Kyriacou (1981), Fletcher (1982), Baizer and Lund (1983), Baizer (1973, 1984), Shono (1984), Fletcher and Walsh (1990), Little and Weinberg (1991), Bowden (1997), Bockris (1998), Hamann (1998). This period also saw the emergence of electrochemical reaction engineering as a distinct discipline of chemical reaction engineering, as evidenced by a number of books and reviews on the subject, for example, Picket (1979), Udupa (1979), Danly (1980, 1984), Alkire and Beck (1981), Weinberg et al. (1982), Alkire and Chin (1983), Fahidy (1985), Mine (1985), Goodridge et al. (1986), Rousar et al. (1986), Heitz and Krysa (1986), Ismail (1989), Scott (1991), Prentice (1991), Goodridge and Scott (1995). Electroorganic synthesis offers opportunities for performing many of the conventional organic reactions at controlled rates and greater product selectivities without the addition of any catalyst. The processes almost always employ milder conditions and are characterized by greatly reduced air and water pollution. Further, there are a number of syntheses that can only be carried out electrochemically, such as the Kolbe synthesis and electrochemical perfluorination.
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Phoenix, Chris, and Mike Treder. "Nanotechnology as global catastrophic risk." In Global Catastrophic Risks. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198570509.003.0028.

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The word ‘nanotechnology’ covers a broad range of scientific and technical disciplines. Fortunately, it will not be necessary to consider each separately in order to discuss the global catastrophic risks of nanotechnology, because most of them, which we will refer to collectively as nanoscale technologies, do not appear to pose significant global catastrophic risks. One discipline, however, which we will refer to as molecular manufacturing, may pose several risks of global scope and high probability. The ‘nano’ in nanotechnology refers to the numeric prefix, one-billionth, as applied to length: most structures produced by nanotechnology are conveniently measured in nanometres. Because numerous research groups, corporations, and governmental initiatives have adopted the word to describe a wide range of efforts, there is no single definition; nanotechnology fits loosely between miniaturization and chemistry. In modern usage, any method of making or studying sufficiently small structures can claim, with equal justice, to be considered nanotechnology. Although nanoscale structures and nanoscale technologies have a wide variety of interesting properties, most such technologies do not pose risks of a novel class or scope. Interest in nanotechnology comes from several sources. One is that objects smaller than a few hundred nanometres cannot be seen by conventional microscopy, because the wavelength of visible light is too large. This has made such structures difficult to study until recently. Another source of interest is that sufficiently small structures frequently exhibit different properties, such as colour or chemical reactivity, than their larger counterparts. A third source of interest, and the one that motivates molecular manufacturing, is that a nanometre is only a few atoms wide: it is conceptually (and often practically) possible to specify and build nanoscale structures at the atomic level. Most nanoscale technologies involve the use of large machines to make tiny and relatively simple substances and components. These products are usually developed to be integral components of larger products. As a result, the damage that can be done by most nanoscale technologies is thus limited by the means of production and by the other more familiar technologies with which it will be integrated; most nanoscale technologies do not, in and of themselves, appear to pose catastrophic risks, though the new features and augmented power of nano-enabled products could exacerbate a variety of other risks.
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Doraiswamy, L. K. "Introduction and Structure of the Book." In Organic Synthesis Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096897.003.0005.

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A large part of the chemical industry is concerned with organic chemicals from simple to highly complex structures. In dealing with relatively simple structures, there does not appear to be any need usually for a deeper understanding of chemistry than that to which an engineer is normally exposed. Most reaction engineering texts are written with this basic assumption. Catalysis, which is invariably an integral part of the reaction engineer’s arsenal, has been limited to the production of large volume chemicals which are often relatively simple in structure. Increasing attempts by chemists today to extend the use of catalysis to the production of medium and small volume chemicals has triggered a change in perspective that augers well for a closer liaison between chemists and engineers. We examine this a little further below by defining an organic chemicals ladder, and the merging roles of the two in exploiting this ladder, particularly for chemicals stacked on its intermediate rungs. Another change that is taking place is the increasing role of process intensification, nowhere more evident than in the production of organic chemicals. Process intensification means improvement of a process, mainly the reaction, by any possible means, to increase the overall productivity. This usually takes the form of reaction rate enhancement by extending known or emerging laboratory techniques to industrial scale production. These techniques can be engineering intensive, chemistry intensive, or both. Examples are the use of ultrasound (sonochemistry), light (photochemistry), electrons (electrochemistry), enzymes (biotechnology), agents for facilitating a reaction between immiscible phases (phase-transfer catalysis), microparticles (microphase engineering), membranes (membrane reactor engineering), a second phase (biphasing), combinations of reactions with different techniques of separation (multifunctional or combo reactor engineering), and mixing. Their use in the production of medium and small volume chemicals like pesticides, drugs, Pharmaceuticals, perfumery chemicals, and other consumer products is being increasingly explored both by industry and academe. Some of these techniques have progressed little beyond the laboratory stage, although they have been a part of the synthetic organic chemist’s repertoire for a number of years. Thus, in addition to the use of catalysis in its various forms, this book will also explore different techniques of reaction rate and/or selectivity enhancement.
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"concentrations of odorcxis carpaunds with annoyance have still to be impro­ ved. At this mcment the knowledge in this field is far inferior to the knowledge for the sense of view and the sense of hearing. But there is no reason why we would not acquire the same understanding. Although knowledge on the correlation of odorous compounds concen­ tration and odour impression is still limited, it is used in all types of olfactometry. Indeed diluting this concentration by adding pure air is a general practice. Also many investigations were performed where che­ micals are added to air and used in psychophysical experiments. Many spea­ kers in this workshop will present data in this field. Here only chemical analysis will be dealt with. 2. PRINCIPES The goal of chemical analysis of odorous compounds in air is to de­ termine all substances, which interact with odour perception cells in our nose, both qualitatively and quantitatively. However, with a few excep­ tions all carpcunds with certain vapor pressure have an odour, meaning that their volatilized molecules react with the membrane of odour recep­ tor cells. As will be shewn, always hundreds of compounds are present in air; this means that the analysis would be very complex. However as was said before, our sense of smell is selective : for some products it is very sensitive for other compounds it is much less sensitive. Table I : Odour threshold values (ppb) of some organics Compounds Odour threshold Compound Odour threshold butane 1.3 106 acetic acid 40 butane 500 propionic acid 190 butanol 300 butyric acid 38 butanal 15 valeric acid 8 butanethiol 0.8 hexanoic acid 42 Several extensive lists of threshold values, i.e. the minimum concentration in air, that is detected by 50% of the population, have been published (1, 2,3,4). However published threshold values for a particular compound can vary over a number of orders of magnitude, so they have to be treated with scepticism. This selectivity makes chemical analysis of odour easier : many com­ pounds, although present in ambient air, and although they have an odour in pure form, are not contributing to the odour, while their concentration is far inferior to the threshold value. On the other hand the sensitivity is high for a range of compounds, higher than any chemical analysis can cope with directly. These canpaunds have to be concentrated frcm the odorous air, so that higher amounts are available for the analytical technique. If this concentrating could be done with the same selectivity of odour recep­ tor cells, there would not be much of a problem. Hcwever the actual know­ ledge of this interaction is far too limited - in fact it is inexisting -to speculate on an analytical application. With all of the biochemical de­ velopments, it is not excluded that at a certain mcment it beccmes feasible, but right new the only way is to use crude physicochemical methods, such as." In Odour Prevention and Control of Organic Sludge and Livestock Farming. CRC Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482286311-74.

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"As mentioned in the previous chapter, many experiments on food irradiation in the 1950s were carried out with spent-fuel rods from nuclear reactors. Such fuel rods contain a mixture of many fission products, with greatly differing half-lives, emitting different types of radiation with different energies. The composition of fuel rods changes all the time because the radionuclides with short half-lives disappear quickly, whereas those with longer half-lives remain. Although fuel rods are primarily a source of gamma radiation (the less penetrating alpha and beta radiation are absorbed by the steel hull of the rods) they do give off some neutrons. Since the latter can produce radioactivity when they interact with matter such as food, fuel rods have not been used for irraditation of foods since the early 1960s. Because of their constantly varying composition, fuel rods also make dosimetry difficult, and this was another reason for abandoning their use. Individual constituents of spent fuel rods can be separated in reprocessing plants by chemical methods. One of the radionuclides obtainable in this way is Cs. With a half-life of 30 years and emission of gamma radiation (0.66 MeV) and beta radiation (0.51 MeV and 1.18 MeV), '^C s decays to stable '^B a (barium). After the ,37Cs is separated from the other constituents of the fission waste in the form of CsCl it is triply encapsulated in stainless steel containers because CsCl is soluble in water. If it leaked out it could cause contamination of the environment. As provided by the Waste Encapsulation and Storage Facility (WESF) at Hanford, Washington, the 137Cs capsule is 400 mm in active length (500 mm in total length) and 67 mm in diameter. There are only a few reprocessing plants in the world and the capacity for extracting ,37Cs from spent fuel rods is very limited. Plans for building several commercial reprocessing facilities in the United States were canceled by Presi­ dent Carter’s 1977 decision that the United States would not engage in commer­ cial reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. As a consequence, not much ,37Cs is available and there are not many gamma radiation facilities which use ,Cs. No." In Safety of Irradiated Foods. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coalite and Chemical Products Limited"

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Scenna, Richard, and Ashwani K. Gupta. "Preheats Effect on Distributed Reaction Fuel Reforming." In ASME 2015 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2015-49039.

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Conventional non-catalytic fuel reforming provides low efficiency, large amounts of char and tar and limited control on chemical composition of the syngas produced. In this paper volume distributed reaction technique is used to enhance reformate quality as compared to conventional reforming that uses non-catalytic reforming. Reforming of middle distillate fuels typically utilize preheats of 300–600°C[1,2]. This work investigates the intermediate regimes between volume distributed reaction regime and conventional flame regime for the reforming of JP8 through the chemical and mixing time scale.
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Erhan, Sevim Z., and Brajendra K. Sharma. "Development and Tribochemical Evaluation of Biobased Antiwear Additive." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81444.

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Seed oils are renewable resources, environmentally friendly non toxic fluids, pose no work place health hazards and are readily biodegradable. The amphiphilic character of these oils makes them an excellent candidate as lubricants and as specialty chemicals. Industrial application of seed oils is limited due to poor thermo-oxidative stability, poor low temperature fluidity, and other tribochemical degrading processes that occur under severe conditions of temperature, pressure, shear stress, metal surface and environment. This work describes the development and tribochemical evaluation of seed
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Ozalp, Nesrin. "Energy, Environment, and Economical Advantages of Solar Thermal Cracking of Natural Gas." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84222.

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Among all fossil fuels, natural gas is probably the most attractive one because of its higher heating value, and approximately 97% methane content, which creates less hazardous emissions during power generation. Considering these important facts and the demand for natural gas in the world market, it would be unlikely to think of converting natural gas. However, if we want to utilize our planet’s limited natural gas resources better, then we need to explore alternative ways. A way to achieve that goal is direct cracking of natural gas via solar thermal processing. This paper describes advantage
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Gvozdić, Eleonora, Ivana Matić-Bujagić, Tatjana Đurkić, and Svetlana Grujić. "Artificial Sweeteners in Groundwater as Indicators of Municipal Pollution." In 34th International Congress on Process Industry. SMEITS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/ptk.021.34.1.55.

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The widespread use of artificial sweeteners as additives in food, beverages, medicines and oral care products has led to the accumulation of these substances in aquatic ecosystems around the world. Since most of them are metabolically inert and are incompletely eliminated in wastewater treatment plants, municipal wastewater is the main source of these compounds in the environment. Due to the limited knowledge of their environmental fate and ecotoxicity, artificial sweeteeners are recognized as high-priority emerging contaminants. Some of them, such as acesulfame and sucralose, are very persist
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Jenkins, Alyn, Santosh Gopi, Jody Hoshowski, Warinthon Lertpornsuksawat, Jennifer Jackson, and Thomas Wilson. "Application of a New H2S Scavenger with Improved Performance in The Field." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206057-ms.

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The presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas occurs naturally, or can be introduced via bacteria contamination, in oil and gas reservoirs worldwide. There are several options for the removal of H2S from produced oil and gas ranging from fixed assets that scrub H2S to chemical injection at the wellsite. The area of interest for many operators is in the continuous application of non-reversible chemical H2S scavengers as an easy, reliable and cost-effective solution. The majority of the non-reversible chemical H2S scavenger market is based on triazine technology derived from the reaction products o
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Allen, Ashante’, Andrew Cannon, William King, and Samuel Graham. "Flexible Electronic Devices From Hot Embossing Materials Transfer." In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87068.

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The development of processing methods for flexible electronic devices is seen as an enabling technology for the creation of a new array of semiconductor products. These devices have the potential be low cost, disposable, and can be applied to deformable or non-planar surfaces. While much effort has been put into the development of amorphous silicon and organic semiconductor technology for flexible devices, semiconductor nanomaterials are of interest due to their inherently flexibility, high transport mobilities, and their unique optoelectronic and piezoelectric properties. However, the synthes
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Xu, Lisa X., and Aili Zhang. "Teaching Experience in Biotransport Course for Undergraduates of Biomedical Engineering." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53379.

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For undergraduate student in biomedical engineering, they usually have very limited background of thermodynamics, heat mass transfer. Fundamental concepts of heat and mass transfer, thermodynamics are necessary at the beginning of the course. For this purpose, we found that Prof. John Chato’s book “Fundamentals of Bioheat Transfer” provides good text and it has been used successfully through our teaching. For example, after introducing the energy conservation law, a focused discussion on how the law is used in biological systems (how energy is generated from bio-chemical reactions, et.al) can
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Gorman, Brandon T., Nathan G. Johnson, James E. Miller, and Ellen B. Stechel. "Thermodynamic Investigation of Concentrating Solar Power With Thermochemical Storage." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49810.

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Concentrating solar power systems coupled to energy storage schemes, e.g. storage of sensible energy in a heat transfer fluid, are attractive options to reduce the transient effects of clouding on solar power output and to provide power after sunset and before sunrise. Common heat transfer fluids used to capture heat in a solar receiver include steam, oil, molten salt, and air. These high temperature fluids can be stored so that electric power can be produced on demand, limited primarily by the size of the capacity and the energy density of the storage mechanism. Phase changing fluids can incr
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Liu, Hao, and Bernard M. Gibbs. "Modeling of NH3 and HCN Emissions From Biomass CFB Gasifiers." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-139.

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A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) biomass gasification model is developed in the present study. The model consists of sub-models for devolatilization, tar cracking and a chemical reaction network of main gasification reactions and nitrogen chemistry. Unlike the most of the previous biomass gasification models, devolatilization of biomass particles is modeled with a limited rate, which is selected from the literature based on woody biomass fuels. To predict the tar content of the gasification gaseous products, kinetics for tar evolution and cracking is adopted from literature and included in th
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Smith, A. R., and J. L. Dillon. "Gas Turbine Applications for Large Air Separation Units." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-321.

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Oxygen production rates of 10,000 to 20,000 tons per day from large, cryogenic air separation units are being studied by many alternative fuel project developers. These projects utilize oxygen to partially oxidize hydrocarbon materials, producing a clean synthesis gas that can be used as a fuel or for conversion into valuable chemical products. Specific market applications include natural gas or waste material conversion processes and multi-train integrated gasification combined cycle facilities. In an effort to reduce specific facility cost project developers increase facility output to obtai
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Reports on the topic "Coalite and Chemical Products Limited"

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Pokrzywinski, Kaytee, West Bishop, Christopher Grasso, Kaitlin Volk, and Kurt Getsinger. Chemical management strategies for starry stonewort : a mesocosm study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42040.

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US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) approved algaecides and herbicides are frequently utilized to manage nuisance algae and aquatic macrophytes. However, there is limited information available on the effectiveness of these products for the management of starry stonewort. Thus, the goal of this research was to discern effective chemical control products for later growth stages of starry stonewort using mesocosm studies. Eleven treatments were evaluated using various combinations of four copper-based products, endothall, diquat, and carfentrazone – all with USEPA registrations for use in
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