Dissertations / Theses: 'Coated'

1

Amos, Michelle L. "Candy-Coated." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1423579765.

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2

Moran, Stephanie E. (Stephanie Elizabeth). "Polymer coated superparamagnetic beads walking on polymer coated surface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76123.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31).
Biology has provided us with many organisms that are able to propel themselves through a fluid using cilia or flagella. This provides inspiration to create controllable systems that cannot only propel an organism or device through a fluid but can also create a fluid flow. Research has focused on how to mimic the mechanisms of these organisms for the use in microfluidic devices or drug delivery. This work examines walkers that are created using superparamagnetic beads placed in a rotating external magnetic field. Dipoles align in the beads so they assemble into rotors. These rotors follow the rotating magnetic field and are able to translate across a surface. This work looks at the effect of coating the beads and the surface with a polymer, Polyethylene Glycol(PEG). PEG has been shown to undergo a transition from an expanded state to a collapsed state under certain salt concentrations and temperature ranges. By looking at this transition we can see if the use of a polymer could affect the velocity of the rotors and if PEG could be used to control the velocity of the rotors or to initiate a transition. This transition is only seen by recording the velocity of the rotors, future research using other experimental procedures might be helpful in finalizing the transition of PEG in NaCl. It was unclear from these experiments whether the velocity of the rotors is dependent on the state of the polymer.
by Stephanie E. Moran.
S.B.

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3

Van, fraeyenhoven Paulien. "Comparing morphology in dip-coated and spin-coated polyfluorene:fullerene films." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-42576.

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Unsustainable energy sources are running out and global warming is getting worse. Therefore the need for renewable energy sources is growing. Solar cells are a popular options used as an energy source. Most popular are the inorganic photovoltaic cells. With their high efficiency and long lifetime, they make a very good energy source. Unfortunately the costs for inorganic solar cells are rather high. Organic solar cells can make a good replacement for inorganic photovoltaic. They are easy to make, light and rather cheap. In this thesis, the morphology of a model system of the active layer of organic solar cells will be discussed, using dip coating as well as spin coating as a technique to prepare the films. The films consist of a blend of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester in different ratios and different solvents. The films that were made were prepared by spin coating or dip coating a glass substrate. After analysing the samples using atomic force microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy it was clear that the morphology, as well as the position of the polymer chains can be influenced by using different dipping speeds, ratios or solvents.

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4

Laing, M. E. "Polymer coated electrodes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238164.

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Forel, Françoise. "Effects on coated paper quality of uncoated and coated sheet drying strategy." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84246.

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Drying occurs twice during coated paper production: first, when drying the base paper, then when drying the sheet freshly coated with an aqueous suspension of pigment particles. The effects on coated paper quality from the impingement drying conditions used at both base paper and coated paper drying stages were studied for the light weight coated (LWC) paper. A central feature of the study was the development of the capability to dry coated paper by impingement in superheated steam. The variables investigated were the drying fluid, air or superheated steam, drying fluid temperature, drying time and temperature, and coating-to-drying delay time. The effects of drying on the uncoated paper physical properties and the coated paper physical and printing properties were determined.
The drying of the base paper with superheated steam gave higher strength and hydrophobicity but lower optical properties and smoothness than drying in air. When steam-dried base paper was coated and dried in air or steam it gave a rougher, less glossy, less bright coated paper than air-dried base paper. Print mottle remained high when air drying was used subsequently for the coated sheet.
The biggest effect on LWC coated paper quality derived from the choice of drying medium, air or superheated steam. Coating-to-drying delay time had no effect. Most of the properties of steam-dried coated paper were fixed by 0.6 s drying time. Properties the most affected were surface properties: print quality, gloss and roughness, while bulk properties were less sensitive. Drying with superheated steam gave lower gloss and smoothness than drying in air. Print mottle was significantly improved with steam drying of the coated sheet.
Superheated steam drying of coated paper has advantages only if used for the coated sheet not the base sheet.

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Sharif, Safian. "Face milling of titanium coated alloys using coated and uncoated carbide tools." Thesis, Coventry University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299091.

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Lakshmanan, Nethaji, and Logarasu Rangasamy. "Polymer Electrochromism on PEDOT coated fibres and design of electrochromic pixel using coated fibres." Thesis, Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15101.

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Polymer electrochromism on PEDOT coated fibres was successfully achieved. The electrochromic property of the PEDOT polymer is an excellent property. This feature gives way to many more research works at present and in the future also. The electrochromic property of the PEDOT polymer is utilized in this thesis work to design an electrochromic display pixel.

The polymer coating over the fibres were obtained by using In-situ polymerization technique. The coated-fibres were used to design a display-pixel. Electrochemistry is performed successfully on the designed pixel to study electrochromism over the pixels. An electrochemical fibre transistor is designed successfully using the polymer coated fibres.

Polymer Electrochromism on PEDOT coated fibres

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8

Husby, Chad Eric. "Influence of Temperature and Time on Nutrient Release Patterns of Osmocote Plus™, Nutricote™, and Polyon™ Controlled-Release Fertilizers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33658.

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Polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizers (PCFs) are the most widely used class of fertilizers in the production of container-grown nursery plants. Nutrient release from PCFs is primarily influenced by temperature. The objective of this study was to determine the influences of temperature and time on the nutrient release patterns of three PCFs (each with a rated longevity of 8-9 months), each using a different coating technology: Osmocote Plus™ 15N-3.93P-9.96K, Polyon™ 18N-2.62P-9.96K, and Nutricote™ 18N-2.62P-6.64K. The first three experiments investigated the effects of time on long-term nutrient release. In Expt. 1, each of the three PCFs were placed in flasks of distilled water maintained at 40°C for 22 weeks. Fertilizer solutions were poured off at bi-weekly intervals and measured for electrical conductivity (EC) and NO3-N, NH4-N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn concentrations. Overall, nutrient release for the three PCFs was higher and more variable in the first eight weeks than later in the experiment. Polyon's™ macronutrient release was generally more gradual than that of the other products. Micronutrient release patterns varied substantially between fertilizers and nutrients. In Expt. 2, pine bark (PB)-filled containers were amended with the three PCFs and irrigated regularly in a greenhouse. PCFs were removed from containers when Osmocote Plus'™ NO₃-N supply was ~66% expended and analyzed for EC, NO₃-N, NH₄-N, and P concentration. Except for P, the percentage of each nutrient remaining was roughly comparable to those remaining at the corresponding stage of Expt. 1, suggesting that PCF nutrient release behavior in the laboratory method is comparable with nutrient release behavior in PB in the greenhouse. At the end of Expts. 1 and 2, Osmocote Plus™ had expended a higher percentage of its nutrients than the other fertilizers. In Expt. 3, substrate solutions were collected weekly from PB-filled containers (same treatments as in Expt. 2) and EC was determined. The substrate solution EC of Osmocote Plus™-fertilized PB began to decline sooner than that of the other fertilizers. Overall, these three experiments led to the conclusion that Osmocote Plus™ nutrient release declines more quickly than does Polyon™ or Nutricote™, while Polyon™ has the most gradual nutrient release pattern. The objective of the second set of experiments was to determine the effects of temperature on short-term nutrient release. In Expt. 4, 14 g of each PCF was maintained at 40°C until ~33% of the NO3-N content in Osmocote Plus™ was expended. Each fertilizer was then placed in a sand column and leached with distilled water at ~100 mL/h. Columns were then incrementally subjected to a simulated diurnal container temperature change from 20°C to 40°C and back to 20°C over a period of 20 h. Leachate was collected hourly and measured for soluble salts and NO₃-N and NH₄-N concentrations. For all fertilizers, nutrient release increased and decreased with the respective increase and decrease in temperature. Nutrient release patterns of the three fertilizers were significantly different, with Osmocote Plus™ showing the greatest overall change in nutrient release between 20°C and 40°C and Nutricote™ the least. In Expt. 5, PCFs were placed in flasks of distilled water in constant temperature baths. Initially, fertilizers were held at 40°C for three days and then at temperatures of 22, 28, 34, or 40°C for two weeks. Fertilizer solutions were poured off after the first and second weeks. Only solutions from the second week were analyzed for soluble salts and NO₃-N, NH₄-N, P, and K concentrations. For Osmocote Plus™ and Polyon™, there was a 29% to 86% (depending on the nutrient measured) mean increase in nutrient release between 22°C and 40°C, whereas for Nutricote™ there was a 345% to 364% (depending on the nutrient measured) mean increase. The overall mean increases in nutrient release in Expt. 4 were between 1032% and 4023%, whereas the mean increases in Expt. 5 were between 29% and 364%. In summary, the second set of experiments found that PCF nutrient release was highly sensitive to diurnal temperature changes.
Master of Science

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9

Barbier, Christophe. "On folding of coated papers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Solid Mechanics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-28.

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The mechanical behaviour of coated papers during folding has been investigated. This problem has been studied with experimental techniques and numerical analyses in order to give a better understanding of the folding properties of coated papers pertinent to the mechanical behaviour in general, and particularly cracking along the fold.

A microscopy investigation has been performed. The surface of the folded paper has been carefully examined to study the event of fracture and related issues. The influence of the grammage on the cracking event has been studied and it was shown that the coating material would not fail if the paper sample was sufficiently thin. It was found that a stress or strain based criterion is sufficient to describe the cracking of the coating layers and that the anisotropy of paper should be taken into account when studying the folding process.

The finite element method has been used for the numerical analyses remembering that the geometry of the problem is rather complicated, excluding a solution in analytical form. Using different constitutive models for the base stock, it has been shown that the deformation of the coated paper during folding is much governed by the paper substrate. The numerical results also suggested that particular forms of plastic anisotropy can substantially reduce the maximum strain levels in the coating. Furthermore, it has also been shown that delamination buckling, in the present circumstances, has a very small influence on the strain levels in the coating layer subjected to high tensile loading.

Dynamic effects have also been studied and it has been shown that a quasi-static analysis of the problem is sufficient in order to describe many of the important features related to cracking. An attempt to model strong anisotropy of paper has been presented and the results indicate that the large anisotropy in the thickness direction of coated papers needs to be taken into account in order to fully understand the mechanics of folding.

Finally, an experimental investigation has been presented in order to study if important mechanical properties of the coating material could be determined by microindentation techniques. The results presented indicate that microindentation can be a powerful tool for characterization of these materials, but only if careful efforts are made in order to account for the influence from plasticity as well as from boundary effects.

KEYWORDS: folding, coated papers, finite element method, cracking, indentation, anisotropy, plasticity.

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10

Tickes, Barry R., and Michael Ottman. "Evaluation of Coated Alfalfa Seed." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/201034.

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A test was conducted to evaluate the effect of two seed treatments on seven varieties of alfalfa. The treatments included Rhizocote, Rhizocote plus Apron plus Rovral and untreated seed. Significantly fewer seedlings emerged for the coated than the uncoated seed when planted on a pound for pound basis. First cutting alfalfa yields were neither increased nor decreased as a result of the seed treatments.

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11

Ma, Lifeng. "Contact mechanics for coated systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409112.

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Xu, Qingguo. "Hydroxyapatite coated drug delvery devices." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531796.

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13

Sullivan, J. H. "Metallic runoff from coated steels." Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639132.

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An investigation was carried out to assess levels of metallic runoff, particularly zinc, from the surface and cut-edges of a variety of commercial coated steels in order to ascertain potential environmental effects in line with the ongoing EU risk assessment into zinc (1995). Zinc runoff was monitored from the surfaces of a range of zinc-coated steels with sealed edges over 19 months at two UK weathering sites. The composition of the zinc coating is crucial in determining materials performance and rainfall levels are critical in determining runoff quantity. Observed zinc runoff levels are generally below the permissible drinking water level for humans but runoff levels in the harshest environment exceed this maximum for some materials during the exposure. A range of organically coated galvanised steels were exposed for 27 months at three UK weathering sites with a large cut-edge length to assess runoff from such edges. Runoff was high in initial months with zinc levels reducing with time due to the build up/action of corrosion products and corrosion inhibitors. Zinc levels were below the permissible drinking water level. Zinc runoff measured over 3 months can more accurately predict long-term organic coating delamination than salt spray and prohesion testing. Accelerated laboratory tests using a distilled water electrolyte were developed that predict long-term external weathering runoff from panels of a range of coated steels. The angle of panel, electrolyte flow rate and wet/dry cycles affect the runoff levels of such tests. The corrosion mechanisms of a variety of zinc-coated steels have been examined using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) in 0.1%NaCl. The corrosion behaviour of a coating is related to its structure and composition. The SVET has been used to assess total zinc loss from coatings during corrosion and has been confirmed using ICP-MS analysis. The predicted zinc losses from the SVET were used to model up to 12 months external weathering behaviour for the zinc-coated steels.

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14

Karlin, David K. "The mechanics of coated fabrics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15027.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Bibliography: leaves 81-83.
by David K. Karlin.
M.S.

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15

Alkhasov, Solomon S. "Commercializing a Resin-Coated Proppant." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1404838630.

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16

Weigand, Marcus. "Grain boundaries in coated conductors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/226744.

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The excitement which followed the discovery of high-temperature superconductors in 1986 was short-lived, as it became clear that their current carrying capacity (the critical current density Jc) was limited by grain boundaries (GBs). In order to reduce their detrimental effects coated conductors have been developed, in which a superconducting thin film is deposited on a polycrystalline, textured substrate. Within certain temperature and magnetic field ranges, however, GBs still limit the overall Jc. This fact motivated the present thesis, for which the electrical properties of different types of coated conductors, and in particular their GBs, were investigated. Several GBs and a single grain were isolated in a tape produced by metal-organic deposition (MOD), using a novel approach based on electron backscatter diffraction and a focused ion beam microscope. Measurements of their critical current densities for fields swept in the film plane showed the expected decrease with increasing misorientation angle at low fields. At higher fields an angle dependent crossover was found, from a GB to grain limited Jc. In order to confirm this result and put it into broader perspective, the dependence of Jc on the width of polycrystalline tracks was studied, and then explained in terms of the behaviour of the single GBs. Investigations using low-temperature scanning laser microscopy rounded out the picture, which also showed GB dissipation at certain angles and grain limitation at others. In measurements on samples produced by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) characteristic differences compared to the MOD film were found. While both conductors exhibited high values of Jc, the variation with in-plane angle was significantly stronger for the MOCVD conductor, which can be explained by its sharper texture. In a track patterned perpendicular to the tape direction the phenomenon of vicinal channelling was observed, which previously was known only from films on single crystal substrates. Finally, an isolated boundary showed very high values of Jc, consistent with its low misorientation. In order to better understand how the substrate influences the superconducting properties, measurements were carried out on otherwise identical samples grown on different substrates. A tape with grains elongated along its rolling direction showed particularly good properties at all examined field orientations. This extends the previously reported result that high aspect ratios are beneficial at fields applied perpendicular to the tape plane.

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17

Shah, Ali, Petri Stenberg, Lasse Karvonen, Rizwan Ali, Seppo Honkanen, Harri Lipsanen, N. Peyghambarian, Markku Kuittinen, Yuri Svirko, and Tommi Kaplas. "Pyrolytic carbon coated black silicon." NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614762.

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Carbon is the most well-known black material in the history of man. Throughout the centuries, carbon has been used as a black material for paintings, camouflage, and optics. Although, the techniques to make other black surfaces have evolved and become more sophisticated with time, carbon still remains one of the best black materials. Another well-known black surface is black silicon, reflecting less than 0.5% of incident light in visible spectral range but becomes a highly reflecting surface in wavelengths above 1000 nm. On the other hand, carbon absorbs at those and longer wavelengths. Thus, it is possible to combine black silicon with carbon to create an artificial material with very low reflectivity over a wide spectral range. Here we report our results on coating conformally black silicon substrate with amorphous pyrolytic carbon. We present a superior black surface with reflectance of light less than 0.5% in the spectral range of 350 nm to 2000 nm.

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18

Kalthoff, Christoph. "Untersuchungen zur Rolle von ENTH-Domänenproteinen bei der Bildung clathrinbedeckter Vesikel." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968692494.

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Scheele, Urte. "Molekularer Mechanismus für die Funktion von Auxilin bei der Dissoziation der Hülle von clathrinbedeckten Vesikeln." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968867790.

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20

Bradley, Jurron. "Consolidation of thermoplastic powder-coated towpreg." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11302.

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21

Öhlund, Thomas. "Coated Surfaces for Inkjet-Printed Conductors." Licentiate thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för tillämpad naturvetenskap och design, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16449.

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In this thesis, a number of commercially available paper substrates of various types are characterized and their characteristics related to the performance of inkjet-printed conductors using silver nanoparticle ink. The evaluated performance variables are electrical conductivity as well as the minimum achievable conductor width and the edge raggedness. It is shown that quick absorption of the ink carrier is beneficial for achieving well defined conductor geometry and high conductivity. Surface roughness with topography variations of sufficiently large amplitude and frequency is detrimental to print definition and conductivity. Porosity is another important factor, where the characteristic pore size is much more important than the total pore volume. A nearly ideal porous coating has large total pore volume but small characteristic pore size, preferably smaller than individual nanoparticles in the ink. Apparent surface energy is important for non-absorbing substrates but of limited importance for coatings with a high absorption rate.Additionally, a concept for improving the geometric definition of inkjet-printed conductors on nonporous films has been demonstrated. By coating the films with polymer–based coatings to provide a means of ink solvent removal, minimum conductor width were reduced a factor 2 or more.Intimately connected to the end performance of printed conductors is a well adapted sintering methodology. A comparative evaluation of a number of selective sintering methods has been performed on paper substrates with different heat tolerance. Pulsed high-power white light was found to be a good compromise between conductivity performance, reliability and production adaptability.The purpose of the work conducted in this thesis is to increase the knowledge base in how surface characteristics of papers and flexible films affect performance of printed nanoparticle structures. This would improve selection, adaption of, or manufacturing of such substrates to suit printed high conductivity patterns such as printed antennas for packaging.
I denna avhandling har ett antal kommersiellt tillgängliga papper av olika typ karaktäriserats och deras egenskaper relaterats till prestandan på inkjet-tryckta elektriska ledare tryckta med silvernanopartikelbläck. De undersökta prestandavariablerna är elektrisk ledningsförmåga samt ledarnas minimala linjebredd och kantjämnhet. Det visas att en snabb absorption av bläckets lösningsmedel är gynnsam för både väldefinierad ledningsgeometri och elektrisk ledningsförmåga. Ytråhet med topografiska variationer med tillräckligt stor amplitud och spatiell frekvens korrelerar negativt med tryckdefinition och ledningsförmåga. Porositet är ytterligare en viktig faktor, där karaktäristisk porstorlek är avsevärt viktigare än total porvolym. Nära ideala egenskaper hos en porös bestrykning synes vara en mycket hög total porvolym men med små individuella porer, med fördel mindre än de minsta metallpartiklarna i bläcket. Ytenergi är mycket betydelsefull för icke-absorberande substrat men tappar nästan all sin betydelse för bestrykningar med snabb absorption.Ett koncept för att förbättra den geometriska definitionen på inkjet-tryckta ledare på icke-porösa flexibla filmer har visats. Genom att bestryka filmerna med vissa polymerbaserade material och därmed införa en mekanism för separering av lösningsmedel och partiklar så reducerades ledarnas minimibredd med en faktor 2 eller mer.Intimt förknippad med den slutliga elektriska prestandan på tryckta ledare är också en väl anpassad sintringsmetodik. En jämförande utvärdering av ett flertal selektiva sintringmetoder har genomförts på papper med olika värmetålighet. Pulsat vitt ljus med hög effekt bedömdes som en bra kompromiss mellan elektriska prestanda, tillförlitlighet och anpassningsbarhet för produktionsmiljö.Nyttan med arbetet som presenteras i denna avhandling är att öka kunskapsbasen för hur pappers och flexibla filmers ytegenskaper påverkar prestandan på inkjet-tryckta nanopartikelstrukturer. Detta möjliggör bättre urval, anpassning av, eller tillverkning av sådana substrat för att passa tryckta mönster med hög konduktivitet; som till exempel tryckta antenner på förpackningar.

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Rammoorthy, Madhusudhan. "Consolidation of themoplastic powder coated towpregs." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11132.

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Findley, Benjamin Carter. "Permeability of impacted coated composite laminates." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16702.

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24

Rioux, Robert A. "Mechanical Testing of Coated Paper Systems." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/RiouxRA2008.pdf.

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Clark, Aaron W. "Gloss Development of Spray-coated Systems." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ClarkAW2004.pdf.

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Sklar, Zenon. "Quantitative acoustic microscopy of coated materials." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308851.

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Whyte, Edward Peter. "Ageing of organically coated metal surfaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436981.

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Hill, A. A. "The corrosion of aluminium coated steels." Thesis, Swansea University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637275.

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The research investigates the corrosion of aluminium, aluminium-silicon and aluminium-zinc coatings on steel, comparing their corrosion resistance with that of galvanised steel. The history of coatings on steel for corrosion control is briefly recounted. The theory of metallic corrosion, and the corrosion of the metals under test, is reviewed. The experimental programme comprises humidity, salt spray and kesternich cabinet tests, immersion tests, tests of the materials subjected to shallow submersion in moving electrolytes, atmospheric corrosion tests, and electrochemical tests in different solutions, including coupled and potential-time tests. The research was carried out as a Cooperative Award in Science and Engineering with a firm experiencing corrosion problems in the use of coated steels as cladding materials in farm animal buildings. Consequently investigations were also made into the corrosiveness of the atmosphere in animal buildings, and the types of corrosive attack experienced with coated steels in such an environment. In conclusion mechanisms of corrosion are proposed for aluminium and aluminium-silicon coatings on steel, and the relative corrosion resistances of the coated steels under test are given.

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Rosen, Elias Patrick Baer Tomas. "Morphological effects on coated aerosol kinetics." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1947.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 11, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.

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Buss, Jessica Chelise. "Polymer Coated Urea in Kentucky Bluegrass." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5669.

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Nitrogen (N) is the most commonly over-applied nutrient in urban environments because of the large visual and growth increases. This over-application has led to an increase in the loss of N gas in the forms of ammonia and nitrous oxide, as well as an increase in nitrate leaching to surface and groundwater. Furthermore, excess N results in increased maintenance costs and landfill volume due to increased shoot growth from mowed clipping removal. Polymer coated urea (PCU) has proven to be an excellent source to these losses of N to the environment, but rate and timing parameters need study. A two-year field study, on sand and sandy loam soils in Provo, UT, was initiated in April 2014. Seven fertilized treatments included: urea split applied monthly; a single application of PCU (Agrium One Ap) applied in spring, a single PCU application in fall; two evenly split applications in spring and late summer; and three evenly split applications in spring, late summer, and late fall. These were compared to an untreated control. In addition the two application of PCU also had reduced rates of half and three-quarters, in addition to the full rate. Height and verdure measurements were taken on a weekly basis, along with periodic visual and biomass readings. All fertilized treatments resulted in a significant response to N as compared to the control. The single annual application treatments had significantly greater shoot growth during the weeks immediately after application and a significant reduction in verdure months later and, therefore, were unacceptable for consumer recommendation. Two applications of PCU, either at the three-quarter or full rates, were nearly identical in all measurements as compared to the spoon feeding of urea applied monthly. The half rate of two applications showed signs of inadequate N. Three applications of PCU was identical to two and, therefore, not recommended. This study shows two applications of PCU at the three-quarter rate is equally effective as spoon feeding the N. Doing so would result in less labor for fertilization. Further work is needed to evaluate other timing approaches for a single annual application, as well as long term effects of a reduced rate of N.

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LeMonte, Joshua James. "Environmental Implications of Polymer Coated Urea." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3010.

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Nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient in the biosphere. Although N is necessary and beneficial for life, it is also a common pollutant in the atmosphere and hydrosphere as it may be lost to the atmosphere as ammonia (NH3) or nitrous oxide (N2O) gases or to groundwater as nitrate (NO3-) following fertilization. Polymer coated urea (PCU) is one type of N fertilizer which uses temperature-controlled diffusion to control N release to better match plant demand and mitigate environmental losses of N. The objectives of this project were to simultaneously compare the effects of PCU on gaseous (as N2O and NH3) and aqueous (as NO3-) N losses to the environment as compared to uncoated urea in grass systems over the entire PCU N-release period and to investigate the viability of photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy as a method to ascertain N2O and NH3 losses following fertilization. Two field studies were conducted on established turfgrass sites with a mixture of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG; Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (PRG; Lolium perenne L.) in sand (Site 1) and loam (Site 2) soils. Each study compared an untreated control to 200 kg N ha-1 applied as either uncoated urea or PCU (Duration 45 CR®). In these studies PCU reduced NH3 emissions by 41-49% and N2O emissions by 16-54%, while improving growth and verdure. Leachate NO3- observations were inconclusive at each site. Glasshouse studies were conducted to compare N2O and NH3 emissions from PCU and uncoated urea to an untreated control utilizing a non-static, non-flow-through chamber in conjunction with photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy (PAIRS) for gas collection and analysis. Three short-term studies (17-21 d) were done with sand, sandy loam, and loam soils and a full-term (45 d) study with the loam soil. Each study was done in maize (Zea mays L.). Volatilization of ammonia was reduced by 72% and 22% in the sandy loam and loam soils, respectively, in 2008-2009 and by 14% in the loam in 2010. Evolution of N2O was reduced by 42% and 63% in the sandy loam and loam soils in 2008-2009 and by 99% in the loam in 2010. Overall, PCU decreased gaseous losses of N following fertilization while providing a steady supply of N to the plant. The utilization of PAIRS is a viable analysis method which gives higher temporal resolution analysis than is typically reported. These considerable decreases in environmental losses of N are major steps toward conserving natural resources and mitigating the negative environmental impacts associated with N fertilization in grass systems.

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32

Robinson, Anthony William. "Microstructural characterisation of coated sugar wafers." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621308.

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33

KAUL, PAYAL. "SCRATCH RESISTANCE OF COATED FLOORING MATERIALS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1123268292.

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34

Alnaqi, Abdulwahab Ali. "Characterisation of coated lightweight brake rotors." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7265/.

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Numerical and experimental studies were undertaken using lightweight brake rotors to reduce vehicle weight and thereby improve fuel efficiency and vehicle emissions. Abaqus finite element and Matlab software were used to construct one dimensional (1D), two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) thermal models to investigate the general thermal performance of disc brakes to develop a valid method of reduced scale testing. Five small scale solid brake rotors were investigated experimentally: grey cast iron, wrought aluminium alloy (6082), the same 6082 alloy with an alumina surface layer applied by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), cast aluminium MMC (AMC640XA) and the same MMC with a PEO alumina surface layer. The disc and pad temperatures, brake pressure, coefficient of friction and brake torque were monitored during the tests for each material. Surface morphology, microstructure and micro hardness of the coatings and substrate were evaluated before and after the tests. Numerical simulations confirmed the equivalence between the full and small scale disc thermal performance using the proposed scaling methodology and also provide a good agreement with the experimental results. The coated 6082 alloy rotor was shown to give good thermal and friction performance up to relatively high rubbing surface temperatures of around 500oC. This rotor failed at a surface temperature of about 550oC due to brittle fracture of the wrought aluminium substrate. The proposed scaling methodology was shown to be a valid method of investigating a rotor design concept in the laboratory at low cost and reduced operating time. The PEO coating on aluminium alloy was denser and more uniform compared to the PEO coating on aluminium MMC. In addition, the PEO coating improved the hardness and thermal resistance of both the aluminium alloy and aluminium MMC. A sensitivity analysis based on the Taguchi approach was carried out on the PEO coated aluminium alloy rotor to investigate the effect of various parameters on thermal performance. Optimisation of the structure was carried out using a genetic algorithm to design coated aluminium alloy discs that are potentially technically viable on small-medium passenger cars.

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35

Akhter, Rehan. "Laser welding of zinc coated steel." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8164.

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36

Foba, Josepha Ngenefeme. "Coated powders : their production and assessment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27930.

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The object of this research is to produce and characterise some coated powers for use in the powder metallurgy and related industries. The study introduces very briefly general powder metallurgy techniques and raw materials. A review of coating techniques is given, followed by a discussion of techniques for handling particulate substrates in chemical reaction systems. A discussion of the fluidised bed chemical reactor and electrode, and mechanically stirred vessels is presented.

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37

Morris, Julia Kathleen. "Mechanical properties of phospholipid coated microbubbles." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9979.

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Phospholipid coated, inert gas filled microbubbles (MBs) are currently in widespread use in medical applications for the enhancement of diagnostic ultrasound images, and they are promising candidates for use in the area of targeted drug/gene delivery and uptake. As phospholipid coated MBs were developed for use with diagnostic ultrasound, their behaviour under acoustic loading is well investigated, however much less is known about their response to direct mechanical loading, which will potentially prove important as the range of uses of MBs expands. This is particularly true of the existing commercially available MB products. In this thesis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the mechanical behaviour of three types of commercially produced phospholipid coated MBs, Definity®, BR14 and Sonovue®, at small deformations. Force spectroscopy was used to produce force-deformation (F-Δ) curves showing how the MBs deform under mechanical loading. Definity® MBs were deformed with tipless cantilevers at high deformations (though still less than 30% of the initial height of the MB); BR14 and Sonovue® MBs were probed with both tipless and tipped cantilevers to investigate both whole-bubble deformation and also shell indentation. BR14 was limited to low deformations; Sonovue® included both low and high deformations. The F-Δ curves were used to evaluate MB stiffness and also in combination with up to four mechanical models to predict the Young’s modulus of the MBs. The suitability of Reissner, Hertz, Elastic Membrane and De Jong theories for the prediction of the Young’s modulus of the MBs was explored. In the case of Definity® MBs no correlation between MB size and stiffness was observed; however an unexpected size dependence was observed in the Young’s modulus values, possibly due to variations in the thickness of the phospholipid shell. The membrane stretching component of elastic membrane theory was found to be the most applicable model on these MBs in this higher deformation regime. However, in this regime, gas compressibility could play a role and this is not included in the model. We studied the mechanical properties of BR14 MBs at very low deformations using ‘soft’ cantilevers. In this regime, gas compressibility should play a minimal role and there are several mechanical models which may be used. These MBs demonstrated decreasing stiffness with increasing diameter, and little variation in Young’s modulus with diameter. Hertz and De Jong theories showed more realistic Young’s modulus values (compared to other models) with little observable trend. Sonovue® MBs were used for a more comprehensive study of the small and very small deformation regimes using ‘soft’, ‘hard’ and tipped cantilevers. They showed no definitive trend in MB stiffness with MB diameter. Hertz and De Jong theory were again found to be most suitable. Analysis of curves acquired with tipped cantilevers indicated that the stiffness of a localised area of the shell membrane is similar to the overall stiffness of the MB and that the apparent Young’s modulus of the membrane according to the Hertz theory is also similar to that of the MB as a whole. Generally, considering all systems, Reissner theory was found to produce large overestimates of Young’s modulus, exceeding expected values by several orders of magnitude. Hertz and De Jong theories produced underestimates, though by a much smaller margin. Elastic membrane theory worked well and produced realistic Young’s modulus values only at relatively high deformation (the stretching term) in spite of the fact that gas compressibility is not taken into account. The suitability of the models is therefore very dependent on the deformation regime of the experiment. It seems that there is scope for better models at low deformation taking into account the soft shell of the MB and possibly its specific structure. Precise structural information of the MB shells does not exist; it is not trivial to attain and should certainly be a topic of future work with additional instrumentation.

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38

Fang, C. S. "Surface studies of alloy-coated dispenser cathodes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377218.

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39

Schwarzer, Norbert. "About the theory of thin coated plates." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200050.

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The paper treats the theory of thin coated plates under a variety of load and deposition conditions. In addition to some bending problems caused by external load the so called Stoney-equation is considered.

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40

Alexander, Stefan. "Phosphor Coated UV-Responsive CCD Image Sensors." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/921.

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Typical CCD image sensors are not sensitive to Ultra-Violet (UV) radiation, because the UV photons have a penetration depth of 2nm in the ~1µm thick polysilicon gate material. An inorganic phosphor coating was developed previously (by Wendy Franks et al [1, 2]) that was shown to be a viable solution to creating a UV-sensitive CCD image sensor. The coating absorbs incident UV radiation (250nm) and re-emits it in the visible (550-611nm) where it can penetrate the gate material. This coating was deposited using a settle-coat type deposition. Improved coating techniques are presented here. These include a commercial coating from Applied Scintillation Technologies (AST), a Doctor-Blade coating, e-beam deposition, and laser ablation. The properties of the coating, and of the coated sensors are presented here. Tests performed on the sensors include Quantum Efficiency, Photo-Response Non-Uniformity, Contrast Transfer Function, and Lifetime. The AST coating is a viable method for commercial UV-responsive CCD image sensors. The Doctor-Blade coatings show promise, but issues with clustering of the coating need to be resolved before the sensors can be used commercially. E-beam deposition and laser ablation need further research to provide a viable coating.

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41

Soewono, Arka. "Morphology and optical properties of coated aggregates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44332.

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Soot particles are often internally mixed with non-absorbing organic which enhances light scattering and absorption, but the magnitude of this enhancement is highly uncertain. A better characterization of optical properties of coated soot is critical for interpreting optical soot measurements. Simulations using numerically generated aggregates were performed to assess the impact of coatings on the optical properties. A cluster-cluster aggregation algorithm was used to produce aggregates (Df = 1.78 and 2.1) containing 15–600 primary particles with dp = 30 nm. The optical properties were calculated using the discrete-dipole approximation (DDA). For uncoated aggregates, their optical properties were compared with the Rayleigh-Debye-Gans. It was found that the aggregates with similar fractal dimension and prefactor produced by the two methods showed small variations on the optical cross sections. Two coating models were considered: concentric coating and droplet sphere. For the first model, DDA predicted larger absorption than the volume-equivalent core-shell Mie. The coating also caused increase in the discrepancy between the scattering predicted by DDA and the core-shell Mie. For the second model, the aggregates exhibited less absorption and more scattering compared to the concentrically coated aggregates with similar coating fraction, highlighting the importance of coating configurations on the optical properties of coated soot. Laboratory experiments on particles coated with transparent organic were conducted to investigate the changes in the aggregate structure and scattering. Palas particles (dmobility ≈ 118 nm) were employed as proxy for soot and oleyl alcohol was used as the coating. The results of the experiments confirmed that the aggregate-like particles underwent collapsing as the coating was added. The aggregate was fully collapsed (dmobility ≈ 78 nm) when coating mass ratios ≈ 1.75. The coating also enhanced the scattering of coated Palas by a factor of around 2 – 15 depending on the coating amount. The comparative study between the nephelometer scattering from the experiments and the corresponding volume-equivalent Mie were done. The scattering of the uncoated and coated aggregate when aggregate restructuring still occurred were significantly lower compared to the Mie estimations. As the particles fully collapsed, however, their scattering could be accurately predicted from the Mie theory.

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42

Shields, Karen M. "Resin transfer molding with powder-coated preforms." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17988.

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43

Dorris, Annie. "Preparation and characterization of polyelectrolyte-coated nanoparticles." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115712.

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Polyelectrolytes coated on high surface curvature nanoparticles (NPs) have been prepared and characterized by a variety of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments in order to examine surface interactions, polymer-water association and polymer dynamic properties of layer components. Gold nanoparticles of four nanometers in diameter pre-stabilized by 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and silica and neodymium NPs were chosen as substrates for these studies. The high surface to volume ratio provided by such nanoparticles is advantageous for NMR analysis, which requires a high material content for adequate sensitivity. Firstly, poly(styrene sulfonate) was deposited on gold NPs by electrostatic self-assembly where charged polyelectrolytes adsorb onto an oppositely charged substrate. Surface charges on gold NPs were provided by the ligand DMAP that induces a positive charge at the NP surface that is otherwise neutral. Nanoparticle encapsulation by PSS was monitored by the gold surface plasmon absorption band (SPB) which revealed a good stability under assembly conditions where the pH was maintained above the DMAPsoln pKa and for a polymer radius of gyration comparable to the particle radius. An electrostatic association between DMAPbound and PSS, rather than a ligand substitution, was detected by solid state 13C NMR. When a subsequent layer composed of a weak or a strong polycation was added, the stability of the bilayer was found to be dictated by the nature of the multiple, weak interactions of the polymer functional groups (SO3, NH2, N(CH 3)2+Cl-, NH3 +) with the gold surface relative to that of DMAPbound which in turn is influenced by the assembly pH.
A detailed study of the interactions between the polyelectrolytes, stabilizers and substrates was also extended to polyelectrolyte multilayers coated on gold NPs of different dimensions. Limitations in the application of the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique to very small NPs were investigated and strategies to optimize the method were proposed. 1H NMR analysis in the solid state and 2H NMR analysis in solution revealed that water association and film dynamics were closely related to the identity of the capping layer and independent of even/odd layer effects. These results were compared to those obtained for larger NP substrates which revealed many similarities between the two systems.
A study of the parameters that affect the fabrication of Poly(L-lysine) and DNA polyelectrolyte multilayer films was also conducted for both flat and highly curved surfaces. Such polyelectrolyte films coated on nanopartic1es can be considered as potential vectors for gene therapy. Control over DNA loading into films was performed by varying the ionic strength and pH of polyelectrolyte assembly solutions. DNA density, film degradability and transfection efficiency were examined to determine optimal conditions for vector preparation in gene therapy. Finally, the acid-base properties of lanthanide-based nanoparticles of 10 nm of diameter were explored under a wide range of pH conditions. The interactions of the neodymium oxide nanoparticles with the cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and the anionic poly(styrene sulfonate) polymers were investigated by following spectroscopically optical changes in suspension absorbance and visual changes in NP dimensions. Transparancy and efficiency of stabilization were the evaluated criteria for polymers to be considered as potential stabilizing agents for neodymium oxide NPs used in neutrino detection experiments.

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44

Quong, Douglas. "DNA encapsulation within membrane-coated alginate beads." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0017/NQ44561.pdf.

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45

Meer, Sander Martijn van der. "Ultrasound contrast agents resonances of coated bubbles /." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/57925.

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46

Swarna, Anitha. "Removal of Arsenic Using Iron Coated Limestone." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1342.

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Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a severe problem worldwide. The best way to prevent hazardous diseases from chronic arsenic exposure is to remove the exposure. Efforts to remediate arsenic in drinking water have taken two tracks. One is to provide surface or shallow well water sources as an alternative to the arsenic contaminated deep wells. Another approach is to remove arsenic from the contaminated water. Different removal technologies like oxidation, chemical coagulation, precipitation, adsorption and others are available. There are problems and benefits associated with each of these approaches that can be related to cultural, socio-economic and engineering influences. The method proposed in this research is adsorption of arsenic to iron coated limestone. Different iron coated limestone samples were prepared. Standard solutions of 100ppb arsenic were prepared and batch and kinetic experiments were conducted. The final solution concentrations were analyzed by Graphite Furnace Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (GFAAs) and the results showed that iron coated limestone removed arsenic below 10ppb with 5 grams of material. Variations in iron coverage impacted efficiency of arsenic removal.

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47

Tuck, Jonathan R. "Indentation characterisation for design of coated systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364800.

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48

Yu, Zhenmin. "Relative bond characteristics of epoxy-coated reinforcement." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277400.

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49

Baez, Baez Victor Antonio. "Metal oxide coated electrodes for oxygen reduction." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241271.

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50

Cairns, Dean Barrie. "Synthesis and characterisation of polypyrrole-coated latexes." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313964.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coated'

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