Academic literature on the topic 'Cobalt isotope'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Takami, Yuta, Satoshi Yanase, and Takao Oi. "Observation of Lithium Isotope Effects Accompanying Electrochemical Release from Lithium Cobalt Oxide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 68, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2013): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2012-0080.

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Change in the lithium isotope composition in a lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) cathode for lithium ion secondary batteries accompanying the electrochemical lithium release from the cathode into an organic electrolyte solution was observed. The 7Li/6Li isotopic ratios of the electrodes after the release of 37.2 to 55:4% lithium were 1.018 to 1.033 times smaller than that before the release. This means that the heavier isotope, 7Li, is preferentially transferred to the electrolyte solution.
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Barrett, Kendall E., Hailey A. Houson, Wilson Lin, Suzanne E. Lapi, and Jonathan W. Engle. "Production, Purification, and Applications of a Potential Theranostic Pair: Cobalt-55 and Cobalt-58m." Diagnostics 11, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071235.

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The emerging success of [68Ga/177Lu]Ga/Lu-DOTATATE as a theranostic pair has spurred interest in other isotopes as potential theranostic combinations. Here, we review cobalt-55 and cobalt-58m as a potential theranostic pair. Radionuclidically pure cobalt-55 and cobalt-58m have been produced on small cyclotrons with high molar activity. In vitro, DOTATOC labeled with cobalt has shown greater affinity for SSTR2 than DOTATOC labeled with gallium and yttrium. Similarly, [58mCo]Co-DOTATATE has shown improved cell-killing capabilities as compared to DOTATATE labeled with either indium-111 or lutetium-177. Finally, PET imaging with an isotope such as cobalt-55 allows for image acquisition at much later timepoints than gallium, allowing for an increased degree of biological clearance of non-bound radiotracer. We discuss the accelerator targetry and radiochemistry used to produce cobalt-55,58m, emphasizing the implications of these techniques to downstream radiotracers being developed for imaging and therapy.
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Goodz, M. D., D. H. Watkinson, V. Smejkal, and Z. Pertold. "Sulphur-isotope geochemistry of silver–selpnarsenide vein mineralization, Cobalt, Ontario." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 23, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 1551–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e86-146.

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The silver–sulpharsenide vein deposits of Cobalt, Ontario, crosscut basement Archean metavolcanic rocks, Proterozoic strata, and younger Proterozoic diabase sills. A petrographic and sulphur-isotope study of the metallic minerals was initiated to assess possible genetic models of vein formation. Discrete differences exist between the sulphur-isotope compositions of basement sulphides (δ34S = + 4.0‰), brecciated wall-rock sulphides (+ 3.5‰), and vein sulphides (+ 2.3‰). The δ34S values consistently increase with distance from the vein centres. Sulphur-isotope fractionation trends are similar for all the vein deposits studied. Sulphur-isotope data suggest that sulphides were deposited between 130 and 254 °C. Based on the assumption of equilibrium between chalcopyrite and galena, the initial δ34S of the fluid was between + 5.0 and + 11.0‰. The release of sulphur during the reaction of Archean pyrite with Proterozoic formational brines to form pyrrhotite is proposed to explain the heavy sulphur isotopic composition of the fluid. This process could also have provided the Ni, Co, and As, known to be concentrated in some pyrite, that was deposited in the silver veins. Interpretation of mineral paragenesis and geothermometry indicate that temperature decreased and aS2 increased as deposition proceeded.
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Takami, Yuta, Satoshi Yanase, and Takao Oi. "Lithium Isotope Effects upon Electrochemical Release from Lithium Cobalt Oxide to Non-Lithium Electrolyte Solution." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 69, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2014): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2013-0080.

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Lithium was electrochemically released from a lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) cathode to an ethylene carbonate-based organic electrolyte solution containing no lithium ions, and the change in the lithium isotope composition of the cathode was measured. The 7Li/6Li isotopic ratio of the electrode was practically unchanged before and after the 45% - 62% lithium release, which meant that the lithium release accompanied no isotope preference. This result is quite contrastive to the previous one; when lithium was released to an organic electrolyte solution containing lithium ions, the 7Li/6Li ratio of the cathode became 1.018 to 1.033 times smaller than that before the release. It was induced that the kind of electrolyte solution controlled the attainment of the lithium isotope exchange equilibrium between the cathode and the electrolyte solution.
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Banerjee, Ruma, Agnieszka Dybala-Defratyka, and Piotr Paneth. "Quantum catalysis in B 12 -dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: experimental and computational insights." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1472 (July 12, 2006): 1333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1866.

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B 12 -dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase catalyses the interchange of a hydrogen atom and the carbonyl-CoA group on adjacent carbons of methylmalonyl-CoA to give the rearranged product, succinyl-CoA. The first step in this reaction involves the transient generation of cofactor radicals by homolytic rupture of the cobalt–carbon bond to generate the deoxyadenosyl radical and cob(II)alamin. This step exhibits a curious sensitivity to isotopic substitution in the substrate, methylmalonyl-CoA, which has been interpreted as evidence for kinetic coupling. The magnitude of the isotopic discrimination is large and a deuterium isotope effect ranging from 35.6 at 20 °C to 49.9 at 5 °C has been recorded. Arrhenius analysis of the temperature dependence of this isotope effect provides evidence for quantum tunnelling in this hydrogen transfer step. The mechanistic complexity of the observed rate constant for cobalt–carbon bond homolysis together with the spectroscopically silent nature of many of the component steps limits the insights that can be derived by experimental approaches alone. Computational studies using a newly developed geometry optimization scheme that allows determination of the transition state in the full quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical coordinate space have yielded novel insights into the strategy deployed for labilizing the cobalt–carbon bond and poising the resulting deoxyadenosyl radical for subsequent hydrogen atom abstraction.
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Lee, Chan Gyu, Yoshiaki Iijima, and Ken-Ichi Hirano. "Isotope Effect for Diffusion of Cobalt in an Iron-12 at.% Cobalt Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 66-69 (January 1991): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.66-69.433.

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Thorpe, R. I., M. D. Goodz, I. R. Jonasson, and J. Blenkinsop. "Lead-isotope study of mineralization in the Cobalt district, Ontario." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 23, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 1568–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e86-147.

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Twenty-seven lead-isotope analyses for galena specimens from 14 localities in the Cobalt district represent sulphide-rich interflow sedimentary units in the Archean volcanic sequence, mineralized zones, fracture fillings, and local sulphide concentrations in the Cobalt Group (Proterozoic) sedimentary rocks, and vein-filling and breccia-cementing sulphides from within and near silver–arsenide veins. The analyses define a very homogeneous composition, averaging 206Pb/204Pb = 14.732, 2O7Pb/204Pb = 15.114, and 208Pb/204Pb = 34.301, for lead from these different geological settings. This result is in agreement with textural observations indicating a late paragenetic position for galena in the different settings mentioned. The model age for this lead is in general accord with the U–Pb age obtained in a study by Andrews et al. for a Nipissing diabase sheet at Gowganda.About one third of the galena specimens are interpreted by a two-stage evolution model to have formed or been remobilized during an event in the time range 1650–1945 Ma. The timing and character of this event are not clearly defined. The radiogenic composition of a specimen from the Pan Silver property is comparable to radiogenic values reported by Thorpe and suggests a young galena-forming event in the area.The lead-isotope data are permissive evidence for a genetic link between the Nipissing diabase sheets and mineralization of a variety of types in the Cobalt district. The metal source is not clearly indicated, but one analysis for Archean interflow sulphides suggests than an Archean source is unlikely for the lead in the silver–arsenide veins and other mineralized zones.
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Ratzke, K., A. Heesemann, and F. Faupel. "The vanishing isotope effect of cobalt diffusion in Fe39Ni40B21glass." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 7, no. 39 (September 25, 1995): 7663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/7/39/008.

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Lee, Chan Gyu, Yoshiaki Iijima, and K. Hirano. "Self-Diffusion and Isotope Effect in Face-Centred Cubic Cobalt." Defect and Diffusion Forum 95-98 (January 1993): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.95-98.723.

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Iijima, Yoshiaki, Kazuhiro Kimura, Chan-Gyu Lee, and Ken-ichi Hirano. "Impurity Diffusion and Isotope Effect of Cobalt in α-Iron." Materials Transactions, JIM 34, no. 1 (1993): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.34.20.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Wilson, Bradley Stuart Carleton University Dissertation Geology. "A sulphur isotope and structural study of the silver vein host rocks at Cobalt, Ontario." Ottawa, 1986.

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Rebmann, Edouard. "Étude Mécanistique de la Synthèse Fischer- Tropsch sur des Catalyseurs au Cobalt supporté." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1037.

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La synthèse Fischer-Tropsch (FT) permet de convertir un mélange d'hydrogène et de monoxyde de carbone (gaz de synthèse) sélectivement en hydrocarbures avec une distribution large de longueur de chaine. Le gaz de synthèse peut être produit à partir de différentes ressources comme le gaz naturel, le charbon et la biomasse. A la lumière de la volonté de diversifier les sources d'énergies, la synthèse FT peut apporter une contribution cruciale pour la production de carburants liquides. Les catalyseurs à base de Cobalt supportés sur alumine sont utilisés pour produire des cires lourdes. L'activité et la sélectivité dépendent des propriétés structurales et texturales du catalyseur. Cette étude a pour but d'établir un lien entre les propriétés structurales des catalyseurs à base de Cobalt supportés sur alumine et des paramètres cinétiques spécifiques. Pour atteindre cet objectif, il a été mis en oeuvre une étude cinétique en régime permanent couplé à la technique « SSITKA » sur différents échantillons de Cobalt. En utilisant cette méthodologie, il a été trouvé que la conversion en CO sur 5 catalyseurs à base de Cobalt dépend uniquement du nombre de site initial sur la surface atomique de Cobalt réduit. Aucune influence de la taille de particule, de l'orientation de la phase cristalline ou du promoteur n'a pu être mis en évid ence. Les expériences SSTIKA réalisées sur une longue durée ont permis d'estimer le nombre de sites actifs dans les conditions de travail. Enfin, la modélisation cinétique a démontré que l'espèce la plus abondante sur la surface est le monoxyde de carbone adsorbé et que deux intermédiaires distincts de surface conduisent à la production de méthane et des hydrocarbures plus lourds
The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) converts a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (syngas) selectively into hydrocarbons with a large chain length distribution. Syngas can be produce from different resources such as natural gas, coal and biomass. In the light of energy resource diversi fication, FTS can make a crucial contribution to the production of liquid fuels. Alumina supported cobalt catalysts are used to produce heavy waxes. The activity and selectivity depend on the structural and textural properties of the catalyst. This study aims at establishing a link between the structural properties of alumina supported cobalt catalysts and specific kinetic parameters. To this purpose, the steady-state and SSITKA kinetics over different cobalt samples have been carried out. By using this met hodology, it was found that the CO conversion over 5 cobalt catalysts only depends on the initial number of reduced cobalt surface atoms. No influence of the cobalt particle size, phase orientation or promotor could be identified. SSITKA experiments during long-term catalyst testing allowed estimating the number of active sites under working conditions. Further modelling showed that the most abundant surface species is adsorbed carbon monoxide and that two distinct surface intermediates lead to the production of methane and higher hydrocarbons
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Thibon, Fanny. "Chimie des océans au Paléoprotérozoïque." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN008/document.

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Les conditions oxydantes de la surface terrestre actuelle sont dues à la teneur élevée en dioxygène de l’atmosphère. Au début de l’histoire de la Terre il y a 4.54 milliards d'années (Ga), l’oxygène n’était pas stable dans l’atmosphère. Il a fallu deux épisodes d’augmentation brutale de ce gaz atmosphérique pour qu’il atteigne son niveau actuel : l’un vers 2.4 Ga, nommé le Grand Evènement Oxydant (GOE) qui fait l’objet de ce projet, l’autre 2 milliards d’années plus tard, nommé l’Evènement Oxydant Néo-protérozoïque (NOE). Le GOE est vraisemblablement le résultat de l’émersion généralisée de larges continents dont l’érosion libère le phosphate dans l’océan, un nutriment nécessaire à la production biologique, qui a donc permis l’explosion de la photosynthèse oxygénée. Ces deux hausses d’oxygène atmosphérique coïncident avec deux évolutions majeures dans l’histoire de la vie : (i) peu après le GOE, les eucaryotes sont apparus, alors que (ii) le NOE correspond à l’apparition des métazoaires et à l’explosion cambrienne. L’étude de ces phénomènes atmosphériques primitifs peut avoir d’importantes répercussions sur notre compréhension de l’origine et de l’évolution de la vie, qu’on estime principalement marine à cet âge. Les seules archives de ces temps primitifs sur Terre sont les roches sédimentaires. Pour savoir comment l’oxygénation de l’atmosphère a pu être reliée à cette vie marine, il faut tout d’abord comprendre comment l’océan a interagi avec l’atmosphère lors de cet évènement d’oxygénation. Cette question est au coeur de ce projet : comment le GOE a-t-il affecté les cycles biogéochimiques océaniques dont la vie est dépendante ? Nous nous sommes intéressés aux formations ferrifères litées ou BIFs (Banded Iron Formations). La chimie de ces roches marines fait écho à celle de l’océan contemporain à leur formation. Déterminer quantitativement la composition de l’océan à partir de celles des sédiments, même chimiques, est un défi quasiment impossible à relever y compris dans l’océan moderne. C’est pourquoi nous avons proposé de déterminer le temps de résidence d’éléments sensibles aux conditions redox de la surface, le soufre, le fer et le cuivre dans l’océan pré-GOE. Nous avons obtenu, par des séries temporelles, le spectre des fluctuations isotopiques de ces éléments enregistrées dans des carottes de formations ferrifères litées. La limite inférieure du spectre donne le temps de résidence de ces éléments dans l’eau de mer et fournit donc une indication solide sur la teneur de ces éléments dans l’océan à cette période. Nous avons analysé des échantillons protérozoïques proches de la limite Archéen-Protérozoïque du Transvaal (Afrique du Sud) et d’Hamersley (Australie). Des échantillons eoarchéens de Nuvvuagittuq (Canada) ont été récoltés mais n'ont pas pu être analysés faute de temps
The present-day oxidizing conditions at Earth's surface are due to the high oxygen content of the atmosphere. However, oxygen was not always stable in the terrestrial atmosphere. Two distinct periods during which oxygen increased in a step-like manner were required to reach the current atmospheric oxygen level. The first, at about 2.4 Ga, is known as the Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and is at the core of this Ph.D. thesis. The other, occurring almost two billion years later, is called the Neo-Proterozoic Oxidation Event (NOE). The GOE likely is the result of the beginning widespread emergence of large continental expanses whose subsequent erosion gradually released phosphate into the ocean. Phosphate, a nutrient essential to organic production, in turn allowed the explosion of oxygenated photosynthesis. The GOE and NOE coincide with two major changes in the history of life. Shortly after the GOE, eukaryotes appeared, while the NOE corresponds to the appearance of metazoans and the Cambrian explosion. A better grasp of the GOE hence may have important implications for the understanding of the origin and evolution of life, which is thought to have been mainly marine at this stage in Earth history. The only records of the oxygen level during these ancient times are found in terrestrial sedimentary rocks. To understand how oxygenation of the atmosphere relates to marine life, we must first understand how the ocean was connected to the atmosphere during the GOE and how the GOE affected life-dependent ocean biogeochemical cycles. To this end we focused on banded iron formations (BIF). The chemistry of these sedimentary marine rocks directly reflects the chemistry of the contemporary ocean. Deriving quantitatively the composition of the ocean from a hydrogenous sediment is a challenge almost impossible to meet, even for the modern ocean. This is why we instead determined the residence time of redox-sensitive elements (in this case sulfur, iron, and copper) in the pre-GOE ocean. We specifically targeted the periods of isotopic fluctuations in these elements as recorded in BIF cores. The lower limit of the spectrum provides the residence time of these elements in seawater, hence giving a robust indication of their contents in the pre-GOE ocean. We sampled early Proterozoic BIF near the Archean-Proterozoic boundary in Transvaal (South Africa) and Hamersley (Australia), as well as Archean BIF from Nuvvuagittuq (Canada), though the latter were not analyzed during this thesis due to shortage of time
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LANDINI, LILIANE. "Estudo da producao de sup(57)Co e sup(109)Cd em ciclotron." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10836.

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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Zyade, Souâd. "Contribution a l'etude des mecanismes de reactions des hydrocarbures sur catalyseurs mono et bimetalliques (pt et pt::(x)co::(1-x)) : correlation avec des taux en residus hydrocarbones et les structures metalliques de surface." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13034.

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Boyer, Jean-Marc. "Prévision du comportement à long terme des circuits intégrés CMOS irradiés." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ESAE0013.

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"La synthèse des phénomènes de base, liés à la dégradation en environnement spatial des composants CMOS, a permis la mise en place d'une méthode de prédiction de leur comportement aux faibles débits de dose. Nous combinons l'irradiation au Co60 à fort débit de dose de transistors MOS élémentaires suivie de guérison en température, avec des outils informatiques. Ceux-ci permettent l'extraction des paramètres SPICE, le calcul de la tension de seuil des transistors NMOS à faible débit de dose et la simulation électrique des circuits. Nous accédons ainsi aux performances des circuits intégrés en environnement spatial. Nous avons validé notre méthode sur une technologie planar micronique, et nous l'avons étendue à une technologie LOCOS submicronique plus actuelle. La méthode a montré son aptitude à décrire les dégradations qui surviennent sur les technologies présentant une défaillance par rebond de la tension de seuil des transistors actifs à faibles débits de dose. La prédiction quantitative des niveaux de courant de fuite pour les technologies LOCOS dans les conditions d'utilisation spatiale exige une analyse détaillée de la dégradation des structures en "bec d'oiseau". "
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Romeo, Michelangelo. "Proprietes des catalyseurs intermetalliques platine-uranium, platine sur oxyde d'uranium et platine-cobalt-oxyde d'uranium sur alumine pour les reactions de rearrangement de squelette des hydrocarbures." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13098.

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Friedman, Carrie T. 1972. "Analysis of stable sulfur isotopes and trace cobalt on sulfides from the TAG hydrothermal mound." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53034.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-90).
by Carrie T. Friedman.
M.S.
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Gilliot, Mickaël Christophe Patrick Johann Luc En Naciri Aotmane. "Caractérisation de couches minces nanostructurées par ellipsométrie spectroscopique Application aux propriétés optiques isotropes et anisotropes de nanoparticules sphériques et ovoïdes de cobalt /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2006/Gilliot.Mickael.SMZ0630.pdf.

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Gilliot, Mickaël Christophe Patrick. "Caractérisation de couches minces nanostructurées par ellipsométrie spectroscopique : application aux propriétés optiques isotropes et anisotropes de nanoparticules sphériques et ovoïdes de cobalt." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2006/Gilliot.Mickael.SMZ0630.pdf.

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Des couches minces constituées de nanostructures de cobalt de taille caractéristique de 4 à 110 nanomètres, obtenues après implantation d’ions Co+ dans une couche mince de silice sur substrat de silicium, ont été caractérisées par ellipsométrie spectroscopique. Un modèle optique permet de rendre compte précisément de la structure de la couche implantée. Après une étude exhaustive des différents effets tels que profil d’implantation, effet de taille, oxydation des particules et défauts d’irradiation dans la silice, il a été montré que la couche nanostructurée peut être représentée pour une couche effective constituée d’un mélange de nanograins de cobalts et de silice contenue entre deux couches de silice. Les perspectives et applications offertes par ce modèle sont très nombreuses. Il sert notamment à l’étude des couches nanostructurées composées de structures de cobalt de forme ovoïde par ellipsométrie généralisée. Des méthodes instrumentales et théoriques spécifiques à l’anisotropie ont été développées. Un lien entre l’anisotropie de forme et l’anisotropie optique a été établi. L’ellipsométrie permet d’accéder à la géométrie de l’échantillon ainsi que d’étudier avec précision les propriétés d’anisotropie optique de particules ovoïdes et d’anisotropie magnéto-optique mises à profit dans le futurs dispositifs de stockage de données
Thin layers containing cobalt nanostructures in the [4-10] nanometers size range, obtained after implantation of Co+ ions into a silica thin layer on silicon substrate, have been characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry. An optical model makes it possible to precisely return account of the structure of the implanted layer. After an exhaustive study of the various effects such as implantation profile, size effects, oxidation of the particles and defects of silica, it has been shown that the nanostructured layers can be represented by an effective layer made of a mixture of cobalt clusters and silica between two layers of silica. The prospects and applications offered by this model are very numerous. It is used in particular for the study of the magneto-optical properties of the cobalt clusters. We have also studied nanostructred layers made of ovoid cobalt particles by generalized ellipsometry. Intstrumental and theoretical methods for anisotropy have been developed. A link between the shape anisotropy and the optical anisotropy has been established. Ellipsometry allows to reach the geometry of the sample and to study accurately the anisotropic optical properties of ovoid particles and magneto-optical anisotropy which could be made profitable in future data storage devices
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Books on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Under the radar: Cancer and the cold war. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2009.

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Scientific criteria document for the development of a provincial water quality objective for cobalt (stable isotope): Report. [Toronto]: Ontario, Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1996.

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(Compiler), Joseph S. Mitchell, ed. Cobalt-60 Teletherapy: A Compendium of International Practice (Isp413). Intl Atomic Energy Agency, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Blinov, M. V., A. A. Filatenkov, S. V. Chuvaev, and V. M. Saidgareev. "Measurements of Activation Cross Sections of Iron, Nickel, Cobalt and Zirconium Isotopes at Neutron Energies 13.6 – 14.9 MeV." In Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, 373–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58113-7_109.

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Ishigure, K., C. Matsuura, M. Mizuochi, and M. Takahashi. "Paper 46. Isotope exchange processes of cobalt ions on the surfaces of crud particles." In WATER CHEMISTRY OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SYSTEMS 4, 145–52. Thomas Telford Publishing, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wconrs4v1.03705.0032.

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LIVINGOOD, J. J., and G. T. SEABORG. "Radioactive Isotopes of Cobalt." In World Scientific Series in 20th Century Chemistry, 200. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795953_0037.

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LIVINGOOD, J. J., and G. T. SEABORG. "Long-Lived Radio Cobalt Isotopes." In World Scientific Series in 20th Century Chemistry, 198–99. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795953_0036.

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Fyles, Anthony, Anuja Jhingran, David Gaffney, Dustin Boothe, Marco Carlone, and Tim Craig. "Radiation therapy in the management of gynaecological cancer." In Oxford Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, edited by Sabaratnam Arulkumaran, William Ledger, Lynette Denny, and Stergios Doumouchtsis, 832–43. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766360.003.0068.

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Therapeutic applications for radiation therapy followed quickly from the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1895. The first radiation treatment is credited to Grubbe, who reported the external beam treatment of breast cancer in 1896. Application to gynaecological cancers was almost immediate. However, the limited penetrating ability of the low-energy radiation of early X-ray tubes and isotopes was a major limitation. Consequently, brachytherapy and near-contact external beam therapy were preferred for gynaecological cancer until the advent of cobalt-60—the first source of a penetrating beam of megavoltage photons with a high dose rate, long half-life, and reasonable cost. This led to cobalt-60 machines becoming the most widely utilized treatment machine from the 1950s to 1970s. Radar research during World War II dramatically improved microwave technology. Linear accelerator-based machines (linacs) applied these advances to use microwaves to accelerate electrons onto a tungsten target and emit a fraction of their kinetic energy as mega-electron volt energy X-rays. The emitted X-rays are collimated into a beam and directed towards the patient. Advantages of linacs over cobalt-60 include higher dose rates, sharper beam edges, higher energies, and simplified radiation protection. This chapter describes the basic principles of radiotherapy and the role of radiotherapy in the management of gynaecological cancers, including cervix cancer, uterine cancer, and rarer tumours such as those arising from vaginal, vulvar, and ovarian cancers.
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LIVINGOOD, J. J., F. FAIRBROTHER, and G. T. SEABORG. "Radioactive Isotopes of Manganese, Iron and Cobalt." In World Scientific Series in 20th Century Chemistry, 197. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795953_0035.

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Yip, Christina, Nigel Tapiwa Mabvuure, and David Bodansky. "Radiation burns." In Burns (OSH Surgery), 177–82. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199699537.003.0021.

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Radiation burns are caused by electromagnetic radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) or particle (alpha or beta) ionizing radiation. Ionization produces free radicals which cause DNA damage, cell death and malignant change. Burns may occur as a consequence of radiotherapy or medical imaging using beam energy. Radiation burns are generally rare and most commonly caused by isotopes (192Iridium or 60Cobolt) used for brachytherapy. Industrial accidents such as Fukushima can have catastrophic short and long-term sequelae but are rare. However, due to the constant threat of terror attacks, knowledge of the approach to a patient with radiation burns is important. This chapter discusses wound and general patient assessment as well as immediate treatment measures for a patient with radiation burns.
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Zhang, Xuezhi. "Isotopic Transient Observation of the Support Effect During Co Hydrogenation Over Cobalt Catalysts." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 81–84. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(09)60645-5.

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van Dijk, H. A. J., J. H. B. J. Hoebink, and J. C. Schouten. "A steady state isotopic transient kinetic analysis of the fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction over a cobalt based catalyst." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 383–88. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(00)80987-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Kim, Gye-Nam, Jei-Kwon Moon, and Chong-Hun Jung. "Development and Performance Assessment of a Soil Washing Equipment for Soil Contaminated With Radionuclide." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7198.

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The purpose of this study is to develop a soil washing system and to define the most suitable experimental conditions for the individual elemental equipment in a soil washing system for decontaminating the radioactive soil from around a TRIGA (Training, Research, Isotope, General Atomic) reactor in Korea. Analysis results have shown that the main radionuclides were Cs137 and Co60, the soil particle size ranges from 0.063 mm to 1.0 mm and the radioactive concentration was the strongest in a soil particle smaller than 0.063 mm as predicted. Meanwhile, an oxalic acid was found to be the most efficient chemical agent for washing, especially of cobalt. The scrubbing time of four hours was an optimum time to obtain a removal efficiency of more than 75% for 137Cs and 60Co. A mixing ratio of the soil weight to the volume of the oxalic acid solution, 1:10, was observed to be the best for a washing and it was estimated to be reasonable for 2 cycles of a scrubbing with 1.0M of oxalic acid to avoid a generation of an excessive waste-solution.
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Franchoo, S., B. Bruyneel, M. Huyse, U. Köster, K. L. Kratz, K. Kruglov, Y. Kudryavtsev, et al. "Beta decay of neutron-rich cobalt and nickel isotopes." In EXOTIC NUCLEI AND ATOMIC MASSES. ASCE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57277.

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Tepsell, Johanna, Tapani Rämö, Ferenc Molnár, and Yann Lahaye. "Toward the Application of Ni and Ag Isotopes as Indicators of the Genesis of Cobalt in Orogenic Gold Systems, Finnish Lapland." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2582.

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Reports on the topic "Cobalt isotope"

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Geochemistry, geochronology, mineralogy, and geology suggest sources of and controls on mineral systems in the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada; with geochemistry maps of gold, silver, mercury, arsenic, antimony, zinc, copper, lead, molybdenum, bismuth, iron, titanium, vanadium, cobalt, beryllium, boron, fluorine, and sulfur; and with a section on lead associations, mineralogy and paragenesis, and isotopes. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2327c.

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