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1

Chiu, Huai Yi, Chen Ming Kuo, and Huei Sen Wang. "Creep Behavior of 409L and 436 Ferritic Stainless Steels Applied for Automotive Exhaust System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 302 (February 2013): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.302.252.

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In order to investigate the creep behavior and understand its deformation mechanism of automotive exhaust pipe materials, this study conducted creep experiments of 409L and 436 ferritic stainless steels at both 600°C and 750°C under different stress levels. After creep tests, crept specimens were analyzed on the microstructure and fracture surfaces by the use of scanning electron microscopy. From creep data, two important material coefficients, namely, M of Monkman-Grant relationship and K of Coble creep equation are calculated for predicting the material creep life. Results show the creep res
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2

Sun, Zhihui, Baoshu Liu, Chenwei He, Lu Xie, and Qing Peng. "Shift of Creep Mechanism in Nanocrystalline NiAl Alloy." Materials 12, no. 16 (2019): 2508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162508.

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We have examined the effects of temperature, stress, and grain size on the creep process including creep strain, crystal structure, dislocations and diffusions of nanocrystalline NiAl alloy through molecular dynamics simulations. A smaller grain size accelerates the creep process due to the large volume fraction of grain boundaries. Higher temperatures and stress levels also speed up this process in terms of dislocation changes and atom diffusion. In both primary creep and steady-state creep stages, atomic diffusion at the grain boundary could be seen and the dislocation density increased grad
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3

Sheinerman, A. G., and S. V. Bobylev. "A Model of Enhanced Strain Rate Sensitivity in Nanocrystalline and Ultrafine-Grained Metals." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 57, no. 1 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2018-0042.

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Abstract A model is suggested that describes enhanced strain rate sensitivity of nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained metals. Within the model, plastic deformation of such metals incorporates dislocation transmission across grain boundaries (GBs) in the stress fields of dislocation pileups, the emission of individual dislocations from GBs as well as GB sliding accommodated by GB dislocation climb and/or Coble creep. The model predicts a strong increase in the strain rate sensitivity and a decrease in the activation volume with decreasing grain size, in accord with experimental data.We also co
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4

Li, Zhonghua, Yan Dong, Shu Li, Limin Xu, and Jun Sun. "Electromigration-induced Coble creep in polycrystalline materials." Applied Physics Letters 91, no. 19 (2007): 191902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2805017.

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5

Zeng, X. H., Y. J. Li, and W. Blum. "On Coble creep in ultrafine-grained Cu." physica status solidi (a) 201, no. 14 (2004): R114—R117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200409072.

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6

Hazzledine, P. M., and J. H. Schneibel. "Theory of coble creep for irregular grain structures." Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 41, no. 4 (1993): 1253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(93)90176-s.

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7

Estrin, Yuri, Günter Gottstein, and Lasar S. Shvindlerman. "Diffusion Creep during Grain Growth in Nanocrystalline Metals." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 1283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.1283.

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Diffusion controlled creep in nanostructured materials is considered for the case when grain growth occurs concurrently. The Nabarro-Herring and Coble mechanisms that would predict creep rate reduction are re-considered to include the effect of grain-growth induced vacancy generation. It is shown that under such conditions creep is accelerated during an initial stage of grain growth as compared to the case of constant grain size. This creep enhancement stage is followed by a period of reduced creep rate. The predicted strain rate behaviour resembles primary and secondary creep.
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8

Tong, W. S., J. M. Rickman, H. M. Chan, and M. P. Harmer. "Coble-creep response and variability of grain-boundary properties." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 2 (2002): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0049.

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A microstructural model of steady-state creep that couples grain-boundary transport, micromechanics, and grain sliding is employed to investigate the grain-boundary diffusional creep response of an idealized microstructure with variable boundary diffusivities. Both numerical and analytical methods were used to determine the stress state and, in some cases, the strain rate associated with an applied uniaxial, tensile stress. Various types of boundaries are considered, and the implications of our results for more general microstructures are discussed.
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9

Kvapilová, Marie, Vaclav Sklenička, Jiří Dvořák, and Petr Král. "An Evaluation of Creep Mechanisms in Ultrafine-Grained Metals." Key Engineering Materials 465 (January 2011): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.465.382.

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Our earlier published creep data are analyzed for ultrafine-grained pure aluminium and copper processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The analysis demonstrates conclusively that creep occurs in the investigated materials after ECAP by the same mechanism as in conventional coarse-grained materials with intergranular dislocation glide and climb as the dominant rate-controlling flow process. Under creep conditions examined in this work diffusion creep is not important in pure aluminium and copper because the ultrafine grains are unstable at elevated and/or high temperature creep and t
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10

Brassart, Laurence, and Francis Delannay. "Bounds for shear viscosity in Nabarro–Herring–Coble creep." Mechanics of Materials 137 (October 2019): 103106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2019.103106.

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11

Burton, B., and G. W. Greenwood. "Analysis of Coble creep in cylindrical and cubic crystals." Materials Science and Technology 1, no. 12 (1985): 1029–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1985.1.12.1029.

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12

Murty, K. L. "Significance and Role of Deformation Micromechanisms in Life-Predictive Modeling of Aging Structures." Applied Mechanics Reviews 46, no. 5 (1993): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120336.

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Transitional creep mechanisms are exhibited by materials used in power systems and a thorough knowledge of these is a prerequisite in reliable extrapolations of short-term data to service conditions mainly due to the dominance of viscous creep mechanisms such as Nabarro-Herring, Coble and more importantly Harper-Dorn creep at low stresses. The paper summarizes the deformation mechanisms pertinent to various classes of materials. It is shown that blind extrapolation of the short-term laboratory test results to long-term service conditions leads to nonconservative predictions of the creep-rates
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13

Li, Y. J., W. Blum, and F. Breutinger. "Does nanocrystalline Cu deform by Coble creep near room temperature?" Materials Science and Engineering: A 387-389 (December 2004): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.11.086.

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14

Schneibel, J. H., G. F. Petersen, and C. T. Liu. "Creep behavior of a polycrystalline nickel aluminide: Ni-23.5 at.% A1-0.5 at.% Hf-0.2 at.% B." Journal of Materials Research 1, no. 1 (1986): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1986.0068.

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The creep behavior of a poly crystalline nickel aluminide with the composition Ni-23.5 at.% Al-0.5 at. % Hf-0.2 at. % B has been measured as a function of stress, temperature, and grain size. At high stresses, of the order of 100 MPa, the strain rate is nonlinear in the stress, with a stress exponent greater than two. Below approximately 10 MPa, at 1033 K, the steady-state strain rate is almost proportional to the stress, indicating that diffusional creep is rate controlling. Calculations of expected Nabarro—Herring and Coble creep rates did not answer whether diffusive mass transport through
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15

Li, Yinfeng, Shu Li, Mingxin Huang, and Zhonghua Li. "Analytical solution for Coble creep in polycrystalline materials under biaxial loading." Mechanics of Materials 91 (December 2015): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2015.08.006.

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16

Schneibel, J. H., and W. D. Porter. "Coble creep in a powder-metallurgical nickel aluminide of composition Ni–22.8Al–0.6Hf–0.1B (at. %)." Journal of Materials Research 3, no. 3 (1988): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1988.0403.

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Coble creep, which is controlled by mass transport along grain boundaries, has been identified in a powder-metallurgically prepared nickel aluminide with the nominal composition Ni–22.8Al–0.6Hf–0.1B (at. %). Diffusional creep rates ∊ as a function of temperature T, stress σ, and grain size L are well described by ∊ = 33δb Db Ωσ (kTL3), where δb Db = 3 × 10−6 m3 s−1 × exp [– (313 kJ/mol)/(RT) (δb is the diffusional grain boundary width, Db is the grain boundary diffusivity, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature). The activation energy of 313 kJ/mol is unusually high as compar
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17

Viernstein, Bernhard, and Ernst Kozeschnik. "Integrated Physical-Constitutive Computational Framework for Plastic Deformation Modeling." Metals 10, no. 7 (2020): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10070869.

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An integrated framework for deformation modeling has been developed, which combines a physical state parameter-based formulation for microstructure evolution during plastic deformation processes with constitutive creep models of polycrystalline materials. The implementations of power law, Coble, Nabarro–Herring and Harper–Dorn creep and grain boundary sliding are described and their contributions to the entire stress response at a virtual applied strain rate are discussed. The present framework simultaneously allows calculating the plastic deformation under prescribed strain rate or constant s
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18

Kim, W. J. "On Coble creep in Mg–9Al–1Zn alloy with ultrafine-grained microstructure." Scripta Materialia 58, no. 8 (2008): 659–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.11.038.

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19

Chen, Yuming, Ziqiang Wang, Xiaoyan Li, et al. "Li metal deposition and stripping in a solid-state battery via Coble creep." Nature 578, no. 7794 (2020): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1972-y.

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20

Wheeler, John. "Importance of pressure solution and coble creep in the deformation of polymineralic rocks." Journal of Geophysical Research 97, B4 (1992): 4579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/91jb02476.

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21

Burton, B. "A theoretical upper limit to Coble creep strain resulting from concurrent grain growth." Journal of Materials Science 28, no. 18 (1993): 4900–4903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00361153.

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22

Kawasaki, Megumi, Roberto B. Figueiredo, and Terence G. Langdon. "The Development of Superplasticity and Deformation Mechanism Maps in an Ultrafine-Grained Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.48.

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Magnesium alloys with refined grain structure are often superplastic at elevated temperatures with maximum elongations up to more than 1000%. The superplastic behavior of this material agrees with deformation by grain boundary sliding. Dislocation climb becomes the rate controlling mechanism at higher stresses but the rate controlling mechanism at lower stresses is not fully documented. This report examines the development of superplasticity in a magnesium ZK60 alloy and shows that an increase in stress exponent and decrease in elongation takes place at low stresses. Deformation mechanism maps
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23

Kitamura, Takayuki, Ryuichi Ohtani, Tetsuya Yamanaka, and Yoshiaki Hattori. "Cavity Growth in Coble Creep of Polycrystalline Materials and Transition from Cavity to Crack." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 60, no. 572 (1994): 935–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.60.935.

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24

Nieman, G. W., J. R. Weertman, and R. W. Siegel. "Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline Cu and Pd." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 5 (1991): 1012–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.1012.

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This report gives results of a study of the bulk mechanical properties of samples of nanocrystalline Cu and Pd consolidated from powders prepared by inert gas condensation. Fourier analysis x-ray diffraction techniques, used to determine average grain size and mean lattice strains of the as-consolidated samples, show grain sizes in the range of 3–50 nm and lattice strains ranging from 0.02–3%. Sample densities range from 97–72% of the density of a coarse-grained standard. Microhardness of the nanocrystalline samples exceeds that of annealed, coarse-grained samples by a factor of 2–5, despite i
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25

Gutkin, M. Yu, I. A. Ovid'ko, and C. S. Pande. "Yield stress of nanocrystalline materials: role of grain-boundary dislocations, triple junctions and Coble creep." Philosophical Magazine 84, no. 9 (2004): 847–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786430310001616063.

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26

Cocks, A. C. F., and J. Pan. "Void growth ahead of a dominant crack in a material which deforms by coble creep." International Journal of Fracture 60, no. 3 (1993): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00012512.

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27

Lantcev, Eugeniy, Aleksey Nokhrin, Nataliya Malekhonova, et al. "A Study of the Impact of Graphite on the Kinetics of SPS in Nano- and Submicron WC-10%Co Powder Compositions." Ceramics 4, no. 2 (2021): 331–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics4020025.

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This study investigates the impact of carbon on the kinetics of the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of nano- and submicron powders WC-10wt.%Co. Carbon, in the form of graphite, was introduced into powders by mixing. The activation energy of solid-phase sintering was determined for the conditions of isothermal and continuous heating. It has been demonstrated that increasing the carbon content leads to a decrease in the fraction of η-phase particles and a shift of the shrinkage curve towards lower heating temperatures. It has been established that increasing the graphite content in nano- and submic
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28

Delannay, Francis, and Laurence Brassart. "Variational analysis of the influence of grain shape anisotropy on shear viscosity in Nabarro-Herring-Coble creep." Mechanics of Materials 143 (April 2020): 103312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103312.

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29

Kang, Chang Seog, and Sung Kil Hong. "High Temperature Background Characterization of Internal Friction for Fine-Grained Nickel/Zirconia Composite." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.885.

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A mechanical spectroscopy study has been made on fine-grained Ni-10vol%TZP(ZrO2-3mol.%Y2O3) composite in an attempt to assess the following micromechanical prediction. A dual-phase material with fine-grained constituents deforming by Coble-type boundary-diffusion creep exhibits viscoelastic behavior. Dynamic Young's modulus and internal friction are measured over a temperature range of 25 to 800oC at frequencies of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1Hz using a specially designed tension-compression apparatus. Two relaxation peaks are observed in the composite. An exponential involved in the peak and background
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30

Mehrer, Helmut, Hans Eckhardt Schaefer, Irina V. Belova, and Graeme E. Murch. "Molybdenum Disilicide - Diffusion, Defects, Diffusion Correlation, and Creep." Defect and Diffusion Forum 322 (March 2012): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.322.107.

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Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) is an interesting material for high-temperature applications. It has a high melting temperature, good thermal and electrical conductivity and an excellent oxidation resistance. For many years the primary use of MoSi2has been in heating elements, which can be used for temperatures up to 1800°C. Since the 1990s the potential of MoSi2as a high-temperature structural material has been recognized as well. Its brittleness at lower temperatures and a poor creep resistance above 1200°C have hindered its use as in load-bearing parts. These disadvantages may be offset at le
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Sarobol, P., J. E. Blendell, and C. A. Handwerker. "Whisker and hillock growth via coupled localized Coble creep, grain boundary sliding, and shear induced grain boundary migration." Acta Materialia 61, no. 6 (2013): 1991–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.019.

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32

Vikrant, K. S. N., Robson L. Grosso, Lin Feng, et al. "Ultrahigh temperature in situ transmission electron microscopy based bicrystal coble creep in zirconia I: Nanowire growth and interfacial diffusivity." Acta Materialia 199 (October 2020): 530–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.08.069.

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33

Grosso, Robson L., K. S. N. Vikrant, Lin Feng, et al. "Ultrahigh temperature in situ transmission electron microscopy based bicrystal coble creep in Zirconia II: Interfacial thermodynamics and transport mechanisms." Acta Materialia 200 (November 2020): 1008–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.08.070.

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34

Pan, J., and A. C. F. Cocks. "The effect of grain-size on the stress and velocity fields ahead of a crack in a material which deforms by Coble creep." International Journal of Fracture 60, no. 2 (1993): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00012440.

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35

Blagoveshchenskiy, Yu V., N. V. Isaeva, E. A. Lantsev, et al. "Spark plasma sintering of WC – 10 Co nanopowders with various carbon content obtained by plasma-chemical method." Perspektivnye Materialy, no. 8 (2020): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/1028-978x-2020-8-73-86.

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The features of high-speed sintering of WC – Co nanopowders with various contents of excess carbon (colloidal graphite) were studied. To obtain powders, a process was used that included plasma-chemical and low-temperature syntheses and a chemical-metallurgical method of applying ultrathin cobalt layers by precipitation from a solution of salts. The consolidation of powder materials was carried out by the method of high-speed Spark Plasma Sintering. It was found that an increase in the concentration of free carbon (colloidal graphite) has the greatest effect on the shrinkage and sintering rate
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36

Guo, Wei, Xuedong Guo, Mengyuan Chang, and Wenting Dai. "Evaluating the Effect of Hydrophobic Nanosilica on the Viscoelasticity Property of Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture." Materials 11, no. 11 (2018): 2328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112328.

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Viscoelasticity property of bitumen is closely related to the service life of bituminous pavement. This paper evaluated the impact of one of the most efficient and widely used nanomaterials in various industries called hydrophobic nanosilica on the viscoelasticity property of bitumen and asphalt mixture. In this paper, three hydrophobic nanosilica modified bitumens and asphalt mixtures were researched by conventional physical properties test, SEM test, FTIR test, DSC test, DSR test, static creep test and dynamic creep test. The results showed that the introduction of hydrophobic nanosilica cou
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37

Gaska, Karolina, Georgia C. Manika, Thomas Gkourmpis, Davide Tranchida, Antonis Gitsas, and Roland Kádár. "Mechanical Behavior of Melt-Mixed 3D Hierarchical Graphene/Polypropylene Nanocomposites." Polymers 12, no. 6 (2020): 1309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061309.

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The mechanical properties of novel low percolation melt-mixed 3D hierarchical graphene/polypropylene nanocomposites are analyzed in this study. The analysis spans a broad range of techniques and time scales, from impact to tensile, dynamic mechanical behavior, and creep. The applicability of the time–temperature superposition principle and its limitations in the construction of the master curve for the isotactic polypropylene (iPP)-based graphene nanocomposites has been verified and presented. The Williams–Landel–Ferry method has been used to evaluate the dynamics and also Cole–Cole curves wer
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38

Fan, Liang, Yu Zhen Zhang, and Shi Jie Ma. "Study on Rheological Property and Phase Separation of Modified Asphalt by Waste Crumb Rubber." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1361.

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This report mainly studied rheological property and phase separation of modified asphalt by waste crumb rubber with some methods including common performance test, frequency sweep test, multiple stress creep recovery test and Cole-cole rule detection. All these experiment result shown that waste crumb rubber can upgrade apparently high temperature stability and elastic performance of modified asphalt, but modified asphalt by rubber is not a homogeneous system and has obvious phase separation state, so it is important to keep an appropriate rubber content in modified asphalt for good product st
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39

Robinson, Edward. "The Eocene larger foraminifer Lepidocyclina ariana Cole and Ponton, from the so-called Polylepidina gardnerae horizon at Little Stave Creek, Alabama." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 1 (1997): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000038890.

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Recent sampling for larger foraminifers in the so-called Polylepidina gardnerae horizon in the middle Eocene Lisbon Formation of the Little Stave Creek section, southwest Alabama, did not produce any examples of the lepidocyclinid foraminifer Polylepidina gardnerae Cole, but several specimens of the stratigraphically younger species, Lepidocyclina ariana Cole and Ponton, were recovered. Although the P. gardnerae horizon is named on nearly all figures of this important Gulf Coast section published since 1944, preliminary research has also failed to turn up a published basis for the identificati
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40

Mavko, Gary, and Nishank Saxena. "Rock-physics models for heterogeneous creeping rocks and viscous fluids." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 4 (2016): D427—D440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0531.1.

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Rock-physics models are used to explore how small-scale heterogeneity can affect the larger scale viscoelasticity of rocks. Applications include mixtures of creeping clay and elastic quartz, mixtures of different creeping materials (e.g., clay and kerogen), or viscous fluids containing bubbles or solid fines. We have found that elastic inclusions in a Maxwell viscoelastic background change the effective viscosity and the high-frequency limiting elastic modulus. The viscosity response was similar to that observed for a Newtonian fluid, and the high-frequency elastic modulus varied as predicted
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Ren, Shisong, Xueyan Liu, Weiyu Fan, Haopeng Wang, and Sandra Erkens. "Rheological Properties, Compatibility, and Storage Stability of SBS Latex-Modified Asphalt." Materials 12, no. 22 (2019): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223683.

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A styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) latex modifier can be used for asphalt modification due to the fact of its energy-saving, construction convenience, and economic advantages. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of asphalt type and SBS latex dosage on the rheological properties, compatibility, and storage stability of asphalt through temperature and frequency sweep, steady-state flow, multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests, Cole-Cole plots and thermal storage tests. The results indicated that high SBS latex content is beneficial for improving anti-rutting, anti
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42

Herleth-King, Shawna S., Hayden T. Mattingly, and Robert J. DiStefano. "Habitat use of Orconectes meeki meeki and Orconectes williamsi in an intermittent Ozark stream." Freshwater Crayfish 21, no. 1 (2015): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5869/fc.2015.v21-1.103.

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Abstract Relatively few studies have examined fine-scale habitat use of crayfish in headwater streams, despite increasing awareness of the importance of such habitats. Orconectes meeki meeki, Meek’s crayfish, is endemic to the upper White River drainage of Missouri and Arkansas, and Orconectes williamsi, Williams’ crayfish, occurs only there and in the Arkansas River drainage. Our objective was to describe speciesspecific habitat use of these crayfishes at two spatial scales (pool-riffle and microhabitat) within a seasonally intermittent stream. From May through August 2008, we sampled ten rif
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43

González Herrera, Manuel Ramón, Julián Alberto Álvarez Hernández, and Luis Daniel Azpeitia Herrera. "Desafíos para el turismo sustentable de base local en Barrancas del Cobre, Chihuahua, México." El Periplo Sustentable, no. 36 (June 11, 2019): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.36677/elperiplo.v0i36.9044.

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El turismo alternativo, basado en la integración de las comunidades anfitrionas, supone la compatibilidad con las sociedades locales. En consecuencia, es objetivo del estudio valorar el estado actual de desarrollo turístico en Barrancas del Cobre atendiendo a indicadores de sustentabilidad local e identificar los desafíos y proyecciones para la consolidación de un modelo regional de turismo endógeno y participativo. La investigación es aplicada, cualitativa y transdisciplinar, en la que se utilizó el enfoque explicativo deductivo con carácter propositivo. Se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas
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44

Brooke, Stephen. "Problems of ‘Socialist Planning’: Evan Durbin and the Labour Government of 1945." Historical Journal 34, no. 3 (1991): 687–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00017556.

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‘Socialist planning’ was a notable, if unlikely casualty of Labour government after the Second World War. Between 1931 and the election victory of 1945, central economic planning was, in the words of G.D.H. Cole, the ‘professed creed of the Labour Party’. Depression and war demonstrated that the anarchy of free-market capitalism had to ‘give way to ordered planning under national control’. Labour won the election of 1945 with a commitment to ‘plan from the ground up’ through the socialization of industry, the establishment of a national investment board and the use of wide-ranging economic con
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45

Hassan, Marwan A., and Michael Church. "Sensitivity of bed load transport in Harris Creek: Seasonal and spatial variation over a cobble-gravel bar." Water Resources Research 37, no. 3 (2001): 813–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000wr900346.

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46

Bonneau, Joseph L., and Dennis L. Scarnecchia. "Seasonal and diel changes in habitat use by juvenile bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in a mountain stream." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 5 (1998): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-005.

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Habitat use by juvenile bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in Trestle Creek, Idaho, changed seasonally and dielly. Both cutthroat and bull trout selected pools over riffles in both summer and winter. Both species used a wide range of depths at night but were absent from shallow water (<15 cm) during the day in summer and winter. During summer, juveniles of both species occupied areas of lower velocity water at night than during the day. Both species also occupied lower velocity water during winter days than summer days. During winter days, juvenile
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DeVito, Jill, Jesse M. Meik, Marina M. Gerson, and Daniel R. Formanowicz, Jr. "Physiological tolerances of three sympatric riparian wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) correspond with microhabitat distributions." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 7 (2004): 1119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-090.

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Coexisting species from the same ecological guild often exhibit different adaptations to discontinuous, abiotic environmental factors. In the laboratory, we compared tolerance to thermal and desiccation stress among three sympatric wolf spiders (Pirata sedentarius Montgomery, 1904, Pardosa lapidicina Emerton, 1885, and Pardosa fuscula Thorell, 1875). In the field, we examined spatial structure across a microhabitat (moisture) gradient in a streamside cobble habitat where these three species are abundant. Female P. sedentarius succumbed more quickly to desiccation stress than females of either
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Personius, Stephen F., Harvey M. Kelsey, and Paul C. Grabau. "Evidence for Regional Stream Aggradation in the Central Oregon Coast Range during the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition." Quaternary Research 40, no. 3 (1993): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1083.

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AbstractLow, nearly continuous terraces of similar age are present along streams in drainage basins that range in size from Drift Creek (190 km2) to the Umpqua River (11,800 km2) in the Oregon Coast Range. Radiocarbon ages from near the bose of fluvial sediments underlying these terraces are clustered at about 9000-11,000 14C yr B.P. Beveled bedrock surfaces (straths) that underlie the fluvial sediments are 1-8 m above summer stream levels and are present along most of the nontidal reaches of the rivers that we studied. Where exposed, the bedrock straths are overlain by 2-11 m of fluvial sedim
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LAYBAUER, LUCIANO. "Influência da Mineração no Incremento e na Disponibilidade Geoquímica de Cobre em Sedimentos Fluviais - O Caso das Minas do Camaquã, RS, Brasil." Pesquisas em Geociências 23, no. 1-2 (1996): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.21227.

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This work presents an analysis of copper contamination levels and copper availability in stream sediments of the João Dias Creek in the Minas do Camaquã region, caused by mineral exploitation. Fluvial sediments are predominantly sandy with less than 1% fine fraction (< 63µm), which leads to negligible amounts of environment available metals. The mean copper content in the CH3COONH4 (1M) exchangeable fraction of stream sediments showed an average availability around 7% in the region affected by mining operations. In background area this ratio is less than 2% and up to 13% in the sample point
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Pessoa, Maria Leonia, and Jose Dantas Neto. "Avaliação Preliminar da Presença de Metais Traço, nas Águas do Riacho Mussuré e o Córrego de Mumbaba – João Pessoa – PB (Preliminary Assessment of the Presence of Trace Metals in the Waters of the Stream Mussuré and Creek Mumbaba - João Pessoa)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 7, no. 4 (2014): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v7.4.p668-677.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade da água do córrego Mumbaba e o riacho Mussuré por meios de parâmetros físico-químicos; dando ênfase a presença de concentração de metais pesados nas águas, a fim de fornecer subsídios aos gestores ambientais na tomada de decisões. Para tanto, delimitou-se como área de estudo a bacia do riacho Mussuré, que está inserida na bacia do rio Gramame, no estado da Paraíba. E o Córrego localizado na comunidade Mumbaba no sudoeste do Município de João Pessoa – PB. Cinco pontos amostrais foram estabelecidos e as variáveis medidas foram temperatura, pH,
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