Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coccidiosis in animals'
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Arab, Fahad Ahmad H. "Qualitative and quantitative studies on infection of E. Hungarensis (Levine & Ivens, 1965) in the wood mouse Apodemus Sylvaticus and labaratory mouse Mus musculus." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332042.
Full textSilva, Marcos Kipper da. "Parasitoses e desempenho animal: estudo meta-analítico em frangos de corte e suínos em crescimento." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10108.
Full textTwo studies were carried out to evaluate, trough meta-analysis, the relationship between parasitosis and animal performance of broiler and growing pigs. Databases totaled 43,976 broilers (69 articles published between 1982 and 2010) and 1,279 growing pigs (18 articles published between 1971 and 2010). Meta-analyses followed three sequential analyses: graphic, correlation and variance-covariance. Pigs challenged by endoparasites presented reduction (P<0.001) of 5% on feed intake and 31% on weight gain. Broilers challenged by E. acervulina and E. tenella presented feed intake similar (P>0.05) to control group. However, the groups challenged by E. maxima and Pool presented increase on feed intake by 27% and 5% compared to control group. In relation to broilers weight gain, all challenged groups presented reduction (P<0.05) compared to control group. The average reduction was 10%, with the exception of the group challenged by E. maxima which showed a 23% reduction in daily weight gain compared to control group. The average age and average body weight of challenged animals, and the crude protein intake were the variables that most adjusted the determination coefficient in the equations for estimating the weight gain of parasitized pigs. Considering parasitized broilers, the reduction in feed intake was the variable that best explains the reduction in weight gain. Variance decomposition showed that parasitosis were responsible by a 6% reduction in weight gain for pigs and coccidiosis were associated by less than 1% for broilers. In addition, this analysis showed that most of the variation in weight gain was explained by the variation in feed intake (59% in pigs and 91% in broilers, on average). Parasitosis influences the performance of broilers and pigs. However, the magnitude of these effects varies with the parasite species, sex, age and line of the animal as well as nutritional factors.
Dois trabalhos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de estudar, através de meta-análise, a relação das parasitoses com o desempenho de frangos de corte e suínos. As bases de dados totalizaram 43.976 frangos de corte (69 artigos, publicados entre 1982 e 2010) e 1.279 suínos (18 artigos, publicados entre 1971 e 2010). A meta-análise foi realizada através de três análises sequenciais: estudos gráficos, de correlação e de variância-covariância. Suínos desafiados por endoparasitas apresentaram (P<0,001) redução de 5% no consumo de ração e de 31% no ganho de peso. Frangos de corte desafiados por E. acervulina e E. tenella apresentaram consumo de ração semelhante (P>0,05) em relação ao grupo controle. Já os grupos desafiados por E. maxima e Pool apresentaram aumento (P<0,05) no consumo de ração de 27% e 5% em relação ao grupo controle. Em relação ao ganho de peso dos frangos, todos os grupos desafiados apresentaram redução (P<0,05) quando comparados com o controle, A redução foi em média de 10%, com exceção do grupo desafiado por E. maxima que apresentou 23% de redução no ganho diário de peso em relação ao grupo controle. A idade média e o peso médio dos animais desafiados, bem como o consumo de proteína bruta, foram as variáveis que mais ajustaram o coeficiente de determinação nas equações para estimar o ganho de peso dos suínos parasitados. Para os frangos de corte parasitados, a redução no consumo de ração foi a variável que melhor explicou a redução no ganho de peso. Por decomposição da variância, foi verificado que as endoparasitoses foram responsáveis por 6% da redução no ganho de peso para os suínos, e as coccidioses foram responsáveis por menos de 1% para as aves. Além disso, a decomposição da variância mostrou que a maior parte da variação no ganho de peso foi explicada pela variação no consumo de ração (59% nos suínos e, em média, 91% nas aves). As parasitoses influenciam o desempenho dos frangos de corte e suínos. No entanto, a magnitude destes efeitos varia com o a espécie de parasita; o sexo, a idade e a linhagem do animal; bem como com fatores nutricionais.
Walston, Matthew W. S. "Studies on T-cell Properties during Coccidiosis and a Vitamin E Supplement to an in ovo Coccidiosis Vaccine." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417449965.
Full textManha, Alessandra Popov dos Santos. "Análise da expressão diferencial em três fases da esporulação de oocistos de Eimeria maxima." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42135/tde-25102011-150441/.
Full textEimeria maxima is one of the most important causing agents of poultry coccidiosis. Aiming at obtaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in oocyst sporulation of E. maxima, the gene expression profiles of unsporulated, sporulating (sporoblast phase) and sporulated oocyst were studied using the ORESTES methodology. The 20,149 reads generated were pre-processed, grouped, annotated employing the platform Egene and statistically analyzed. A total of 1207 contigs and 2091 singlets were generated. About 72% of the transcripts were classified as hypothetical proteins, 20% were similar to proteins of known function and 8% were conserved proteins. After statistical analysis, 32% of the transcripts were classified as differentially expressed of which 65% were stage-specific. For ORESTES validation, the differential expression was quantified by RT-qPCR to a small set of genes. The results demonstrated a good correlation between the two techniques studied.
NASCIMENTO, Gisele Mendanha. "Suplementação da L-glutamina em ração sem anticoccidiano para frangos : desempenho e desenvolvimento intestinal." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/838.
Full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of L-glutamine in the diet of chickens on the floor and fed diets without anticoccidial agents and promoters of growth. Were used 500 chicks, males, Cobb distributed in randomized blocks design with five treatments and four replicates with 25 birds each. The treatments consisted of increasing levels of glutamine in the diets (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0%) throughout the rearing period, 42 days old. Were evaluated performance, digestibility (18-21 days), carcass yield and Histomorphometry of small intestine (18 and 42 days old). Data were submitted to polynomial regression analysis and means compared by Scott Knott (0,05) test. There was an effect of glutamine supplementation only during pre-starter feed, and the best level of feed addition of 1%. The results for performance up to 42 days of age, carcass yield and nutrient digestibility of the diet showed no difference (P> 0.05) between the levels of glutamine in the diet. histomorphometry at 18 days of age difference was observed for crypt depth in the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) (P <0.05), being the duodenum and ileum the best level of glutamine was 2% and jejunum 1%. For the results of histomorphometry at 42 days old, significant effect of glutamine to crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, with the highest levels found in 1, 0.5 and 2% respectively. It is recommended the addition of 1% L-glutamine in the pre-started the improvement of feed conversion rate at 1-7 days of age and better development of the small intestine.
Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a suplementação da L-glutamina na ração de frangos criados no chão e alimentados com rações sem agentes anticoccidianos e promotores de crescimento sobre desempenho, rendimento de carcaça, digestibilidade e desenvolvimento intestinal. Foram utilizados 500 pintos, machos, da linhagem Cobb distruibuídos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições com 25 aves cada. Os tratamentos estudados foram níveis crescentes de glutamina nas rações (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ou 2,0%) durante todo o período de criação, 42 dias de idade. Foram avaliados desempenho, digestibilidade (18 a 21 dias), rendimento de carcaça e histomorfometria da mucosa intestinal (18 e 42 dias de idade). Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de regressão polinomial e as médias comparadas pelo teste Scott Knott (0,05). Houve efeito da suplementação de glutamina somente no período pré-inicial para a conversão alimentar, sendo o melhor nível de adição na ração de 1%. Os resultados para o desempenho até 42 dias de idade, rendimento de carcaça e digestibilidade dos nutrientes da ração indicaram que não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os níveis de glutamina nas rações. Na histomorfometria aos 18 dias de idade foi observada diferença para profundidade de cripta na mucosa intestinal (duodeno, jejuno e íleo) (P<0,05), sendo que para duodeno e íleo o melhor nível de inclusão de glutamina foi 2% e para jejuno 1%. Para os resultados de histomorfometria aos 42 dias de idade, houve efeito dos níveis de glutamina para profundidade de cripta no duodeno, jejuno e íleo, sendo os melhores níveis encontrados de 1, de 0,5 e 2 % respectivamente. Recomenda-se a adição de 1% de L-glutamina na ração pré-inicial considerando a melhora na conversão alimentar no período de 1 a 7 dias de idade e no melhor desenvolvimento da mucosa intestinal.
Annamalai, Thavamathi. "Studies on Chemokine Receptors in Chicken with Special Reference to Gut-Homing Receptor CCR9 and Applications for Coccidiosis." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324310677.
Full textCALAÇA, Gracinda Mariana. "Ácidos orgânicos no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis em frangos de corte desafiados experimentalmente com Salmonella Enteritidis e Eimeria tenella." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/923.
Full textThis experiment was carried out using 504 one-day-old Hubbard female chicks, in order to evaluate the effect of a mixture of organic acids added to the ration, on the control of Salmonella in birds experimentally confronted with S. enteritidis and S. enteritidis associated with Eimeria tenella. The birds were distributed following a totally randomized sequence in factorial way 3x2, added or not the organic acid to the ration and the presence of challenge with S. enteritidis and E. tenella, isolated S. enteritidis or without challenge at all, totalizing six treatments with six repetitions each one, using 14 birds by experimental unit. The statistic data was analyzed using the program SAS, adopted to compare the averages, the Tukey test (quantitative variables) and Kruskal-Wallis (qualitative variables) to p< 0,05. The birds that received organic acid enriched ration had improvement in the performance at 7, 21 and 28 days. The birds inoculated only with S. enteritidis and the birds inoculated with S. Enteritidis and E. tenella presented worse levels of zootecnic performance (p<0,05) at 21, 28 and 35 days of life. The spleen weight and the thin intestine and cecum pH were not influenced (p>0,05) by the addition of organic acids to the ration. All the treatments challenged with S. enteritidis and which received acids presented minor frequency of bacteria isolation in the analyzed organs. It was also observed a reduction on the number of oocists of E. tenella in the excretes and in the cecum content in the treatments which had organic acids, as well as reduction of intestinal damage scores caused by infection with E. tenella. The organic acids promoted improvement on the zootecnic performance on cut chicken, improving intestinal health with positive consequences on control of S. enteritidis together with Eimeria tenella
Foi conduzido um experimento utilizando-se 504 pintainhas de um dia, de linhagem comercial Hubbard para corte, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de uma mistura de ácidos orgânicos adicionada à ração, no controle da Salmonella em aves experimentalmente desafiadas com S. Enteritidis e S. Enteritidis associada à Eimeria tenella. As aves foram distribuídas seguindo-se um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3x2, com a adição ou não de ácido orgânico na ração e a presença de desafio com S. Enteritidis e E. tenella, S. Enteritidis isolada ou sem nenhum desafio, totalizando seis tratamentos com seis repetições cada um, utilizando-se 14 aves por unidade experimental. Os dados estatísticos foram analisados empregando-se o programa SAS sendo adotado para comparação entre as médias, o teste de Tukey (variáveis quantitativas) e Kruskal-Wallis (variáveis qualitativas) para p<0,05. As aves que receberam ração contendo ácidos orgânicos apresentaram melhorias no desempenho zootécnico aos sete, 21 e 28 dias. As aves inoculadas apenas com S. Enteritidis e as aves inoculadas com S. Enteritidis e E. tenella apresentaram piores índices de desempenho zootécnico (p<0,05) aos 21, 28 e 35 dias de vida. O peso do baço e o pH do intestino delgado e dos cecos não foram influenciados (p>0,05) pela adição de ácidos orgânicos na ração.Todos os tratamentos desafiados com S. Enteritidis e que receberam ácidos apresentaram menor freqüência de isolamento da bactéria nos órgãos analisados. Foi também observada redução no número de oocistos de E. tenella nas excretas e no conteúdo cecal nos tratamentos que receberam ácidos orgânicos, bem como redução dos escores de lesão intestinal provocadas pela infecção por E. tenella. Os ácidos orgânicos promoveram melhorias no desempenho zootécnico dos frangos de corte, beneficiando a saúde intestinal com reflexos positivos no controle da Salmonella Enteritidis juntamente com a Eimeria tenella
Hutsko, Stephanie Hutsko. "The Effects of an Anti-Coccidial Vaccination in Conjunction with Supplemental Protease, Vitamin C and Differing Levels of Dietary Protein on the Production and Gut Barrier Function in Young Broiler Chickens." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511167090610371.
Full textMitchell, Sheila. "Development of a Canine Coccidiosis Model and the Anticoccidial Effects of a New Chemotherapeutic Agent." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27600.
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Markazi, Ashley. "Effects of Whole Yeast Cell Product Supplementation in Chickens Post-coccidial and Post-Salmonella Challenge." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437497725.
Full textGirard, Fabienne. "Amplification de la réponse immunitaire chez le poulet par la toxine cholérique, les ISCOMS et l'HSP70 d'Eimeria acervulina." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR3801.
Full textBassler, Arnd W. "Organic broilers in floorless pens on pasture /." Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200567.pdf.
Full textBessay, Muriel. "Les coccidioses aviaires : contributions à l'étude du développement de la réponse immune, conséquences pour une stratégie vaccinale." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR3801.
Full textChasser, Kaylin M. "Impact of necrotic enteritis on the growth curve and the evaluation of test parameters for measuring coccidial infection." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523281345700585.
Full textCañón-Franco, William Alberto. "Detecção molecular de coccídios da familia sarcocystidae em amostras teciduais de pequenos felídeos neotropicais do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72177.
Full textFew studies have quantified the relative risk of human health from spillover of zoonotic diseases from populations of wild animals; these studies are crucial for understanding the natural history of zoonoses. Coccidia, particularly from the family Sarcocystidae, are important transmissible agents at the interface of man and domestic and wild animals. The diagnosis of Coccidiosis is hampered by the limited availability of samples resulting from protection of natural populations of the species at risk of extinction. The aim of this study was to detected, by amplification of ITS-1 locus, protozoa from the subfamilies Sarcocystinae and Toxoplasmatinae in tissue samples from Puma yagouaroundi, Leopardus geoffroyi, L. tigrinus, L. wiedii, L. colocolo and L. pardalis, deposited in biological collections of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. An additional aim was to obtain information that would enable assessment of the epidemiological role of the protozoa in the sylvatic cycle of the parasite, and its possible impact on wildlife populations and public health. Ninety free-living small wild felines, representing 6 species, were sampled. Of these, 31 felids (34.4%) of all six species were positive for T. gondii and DNA was detected in 63 of 433 (14.6%) primary tissue samples collected from the tongue (28.6%), brain (18.6%), skeletal muscle (17.1%), ocular muscles (13.6%), eye (13.6%), heart (11.1%), diaphragm (5.4%) and vitreous humor (4.5%). Twelve primary samples positive for T. gondii were genotyped with molecular markers SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and apical CS3. Using the multilocus PCR-RFLP technique, sample Py#36m was fully genotyped as Type I with allele II in locus BTUB, and a new atypical Py#21M, both isolates from Puma yagouaroundi and never described in Brazil. Nine other samples had a partial characterization. Thirteen of the 90 felids were positive for Sarcocystis spp. (14.4%) and another 18 felids, representing 5 species, harbored S. felis-like organisms [Py (#75m, #83m, #35m, #20li, #55li), Lg (#80m, #70m, #88m, #71li, #67mOi), Lt (#19m, #48m, #89m, #84m), Lw (#12, #73d) and Lc (#82m, #76m)]. A single felid of L. pardalis was negative. Parasite DNA was detected in 11.8% (51/433) of the tissues examined: muscle skeletal (26.5%), tongue (23.2%), ocular muscles (13.6%), diaphragm (10.7 %), brain (2.3%), heart (1.6%) and eye (4.5%); none of the 44 samples of vitreous humor was positive. This is the first description of the detection and genetic characterization of T. gondii and S. felis-like in free-living Brazilians wild felids, demonstrating the presence of these agents in the sylvatic cycle, and the potential transmition to humans and other domestic and wild animals. The use of tissue samples from wild animals deposited in biological collections for epidemiological studies of diseases demonstrated to be of great utility.
Chauve, Claude. "Caractérisation de la faune coccidienne des Anatinae domestiques : Anas platyrhynchos, Cairina moschata, et leur hybride, le canard mulard : description d'une nouvelle espèce, Eimeria mulardi Chauve et al., 1994 : cycle évolutif et pathogénicité." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T096.
Full textAlleva, Lisa Marie. "A pro-parasitic role for tumour necrosis factor during Eimeria vermiformis infections." Phd thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144655.
Full textRodrigues, Catarina Pinto. "Utilização de subprodutos de segurelha como promotores de crescimento e/ou substitutos dos coccidiostáticos em rações para frangos." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29207.
Full textPhytobiotics have been investigated as growth promoters and as natural alternatives to coccidiostats in the poultry industry. Satureja montana is a plant rich in phenolic terpenes such as carvacrol and thymol. The beneficial effects obtained with the incorporation of plants can also be achieved by incorporating their by-products, since certain phytobiotics are also present in them. Therefore, the objective of this work, integrated within the scope of the internship at Ovargado S.A., is the utilization of Satureja montana by-products as growth promoters and as possible substitutes for coccidiostats in feed formulations for broiler chickens. The rations were produced at Ovargado and adapted to the different growth stages of the chickens. These rations were analyzed nutritionally by NIR methodology and the microbiological analysis of the products was also performed. The rations were administered in an experimental assay on chickens that took place at Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. This assay had as main objective to evaluate the effect of supplementation the diet of broilers with grinded Satureja montana by-products on their productive performance. 16 chickens were evaluated, which were randomly assigned to 4 different experimental groups: basal diet containing 0 % (control), 1 %, 2 % and 4 % of the grinded savory by-products. The nutritional results obtained by NIR for the growth formulations vary between 18.5 – 19.0 % for protein, 3.5 - 4.2 % for fiber, 3.5 – 3.7 % for fat, 5.7 – 6.2 % for ash, 1.02 - 1.07 % for calcium and 0.59 - 0.60 % for phosphorus. For the finishing diets, the values vary between 16.0 - 16.4 % for protein, 3.4 - 3.9 % for fiber, 2.3 - 3.3 % for fat, 5.2 - 5.6 % for ash, 0.85 - 0.94 % for calcium and 0.56 - 0.58 % for phosphorus. For both growth and finishing diets, the values of protein, fat, starch, calcium, and phosphorus were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between formulations. The contents of fiber and ash were significantly different (p < 0.05). In Portugal, there is legislation only for the presence of Salmonella in animal feed, the remaining microbiological limits being defined internally by the company. The levels obtained from coliforms, molds, yeasts, and Salmonella spp. are within the established limits. The microbiological analysis performed on the formulations with the addition of 4 % of the savory by-products, seems to show a slight reduction in almost all the microorganisms evaluated. These results suggest that savory may contribute to improve the microbiological safety of feeds. The productive parameters evaluated during the trial (average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, FCR and body weight) were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the treatments, however, the results suggest that the inclusion of 1 % of savory by-products in the chicken diet promotes a better feed conversion rate (FCR – 1.94) compared to the other treatments (control - 2.14; 2 % - 2.11; 4 % - 2.38), which may be used as a growth promoter and / or as a possible alternative to coccidiostats in broiler chicken feeds.
Mestrado em Bioquímica