Journal articles: 'Coccidiosis in animals'

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ŞAHİN, Burak, Pelin ŞAHİN, and Ugur USLU. "Coccidiosis cases in cattle in Turkey." Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.1377073.

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Coccidiosis is a protozoan disease of the Eimeriidae family, mostly caused by Eimeria species, sometimes Isospora species, seen in all domestic and wild animals, especially in young animals, which can result in hemorrhagic diarrhea, depression, weakening, weight loss, and sometimes death. Eimeria bovis, E. zuernii, E. auburnensis, E. ellipsoidalis, and E. alabamensis cause clinical coccidiosis by showing pathogenic properties. The disease is more important for young people. In its diagnosis, the age of the animal, the hygienic condition of the environment and clinical signs are evaluated. Clinical findings and stool consistency in calves and calves are also important in diagnosis. In the treatment of coccidiosis is based on the principles of killing the causative agent or preventing its development, eliminating fluid loss, and treating secondary infections. The treatment of coccidiosis in calves naturally infected with E. zuernii and E. bovis, oral administration of 15mg/kg dose of toltrazuril is reported to be very effective and reduces economic losses by positively affecting the growth performance of animals. In studies conducted in our country, 11 Eimeria and 1 Isospora species have been found in cattle. In studies on bovine coccidiosis in Turkey, the prevalence of Eimeria species in calves and calves was found to be 16-93.3%. In line with the results obtained, it has been observed that coccidiosis continues to be a problem even in cattle farms with relatively good care and feeding conditions in Turkey. It was concluded that routine checks should be made in the enterprises, necessary precautions should be taken and hygiene rules should be followed.

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Avais, Muhammad, Ghazanfar Rashid, Muhammad Awais, Syed Haider Zaman, Muhammad Arif Khan, Syed Saleem Ahmad, and Sadia Amjad. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Coccidiosis in Small Ruminants in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan." Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 5, no. 04 (December 23, 2021): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2021.0504190.

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The goal of the present research was to figure out the prevalence and risk factors of coccidiosis in goats and sheep in Dera Ghazi Khan. For this 752 (goats=376; sheep=376) fecal specimens were obtained, and were analyzed by coprological examination. The prevalence of coccidiosis in sheep (52.92 %) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the goats (44.41 %). In females, infection with Eimeria was significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to male animals. Coccidiosis was significantly more common (P<0.05) in sheep and goats aged ≤6 months compared to sheep and goats older than 6 months but less than a year, and older than a year. There was a clear distinction (P<0.05) in prevalence of coccidiosis in animals that are stall fed and housed in comparison with the animals that graze in open grasslands. Prevalence of coccidiosis in animals with low BCS was considerably higher (P<0.05) as compared to the animals in good health. The prevalence of Eimeria infection and fecal score had a significant correlation (P<0.05). Prevalence of coccidiosis was higher in August while in October it was lowest. The highest prevalence (56.78%) was of E. ovinoidal is followed in order by 47.23 % E. ahsata, 35.67 % E. parva, 30.15 % E. intricate, 26.63 % E. faurei and 19.09 % E. pallid in sheep. In case of goats, highest prevalence (68.86%) was of E. ninakohlyakimovae, followed by 59.88% E. alijevi, 53.29% E. arloingi, 46.70 % E. caprinaand 22.15 % E. hirci were among the most common Eimeria spp. It was concluded that different Eimeria spp. Prevailing in study area with variable risk factors and the incidence of coccidiosis in research area was affected by various risk variables.

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Braun, R., J. Eckert, I. Roditi, N. Smith, and M. Wallach. "Coccidiosis of poultry and farm animals." Parasitology Today 8, no. 7 (July 1992): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(92)90112-f.

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Bangoura, Berit, and Katherine D. Bardsley. "Ruminant Coccidiosis." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 36, no. 1 (March 2020): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.12.006.

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Hamid, Penny Humaidah, Yuli Purwandari Kristianingrum, April Hari Wardhana, Sigit Prastowo, and Liliana Machado Ribeiro da Silva. "Chicken Coccidiosis in Central Java, Indonesia: A Recent Update." Veterinary Medicine International 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8515812.

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Avian coccidiosis is a huge problem worldwide. Heavily infected animals that show severe clinical signs and coccidiostat resistance are causing important economic losses. The present study aimed to update the recent cases of coccidiosis in Central Java, Indonesia, and to show the importance of the disease in the region. A total of 699 samples were obtained from different chicken breed. Different Eimeria species were detected in 175 individuals (25.04%). Three different groups of chicken breed were considered: local chicken (autochthonous chickens of Sentul and Jawa), commercial broiler, and layer. Broiler chickens showed the highest prevalence of infection (34%), followed by layer (26.26%) and local chickens (10.45%). Mild to severe clinical signs of avian coccidiosis were observed in 42% of the infected animals, while 58% of the infected animals showed no clinical signs other than low feed conversion rates. Seven different Eimeria species were identified: E. tenella was the most prevalent (43.3%), followed by E. maxima (26.3%), E. necatrix (15.7%), E. acervulina (8%), E. praecox (3.1%), E. mitis (2.2%), and E. brunetti (1.3%). Coinfections with several Eimeria species were diagnosed. With this study we found massive usage of coccidiostat in the region even though its usage cannot guarantee coccidiosis-free chicken production.

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Stuart, Barry P., and David S. Lindsay. "Coccidiosis in Swine." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2, no. 2 (July 1986): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)31256-1.

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AL-EODAWEE, Enas MM, Israa Muhsen ESSA, Sattar J.J. AL-SHAEL, and Ghassan J.K. AL-ABEDI. "MICROSCOPIC DETECTION OF COCCIDIOSIS IN SMALL RUMINANTS IN WASIT PROVINCE, IRAQ." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 05, no. 04 (December 1, 2023): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.17.8.

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Background and aim: Coccidiosis is a host-specific protozoan disease caused by several species of Eimeria genus, resulting in variable economic drawbacks due to loss in performance and even mortality. The current study investigated the prevalence rate of coccidiosis in goats and sheep in Wasit province (Iraq), morphological detection of the main Eimeria species found in these animals, and identification of the relation between positive infections and specific epidemiological risk factors. Materials and methods: Fresh fecal samples of 300 animals involving 150 goats and 150 sheep of various ages and sexes were collected during January-December (2022), prepared, and examined microscopically. Results: The overall prevalence rate of coccidiosis among study animals was 32.33%, including 38.67% in goats and 26% in sheep. Based on their morphology, 7 and 4 Eimeria species were identified in goats and sheep, respectively, with a significant prevalence of E. arloingi in goats and E. ahsata in sheep. Mixed infection patterns appeared significantly in goats and sheep compered to single and bilateral patterns. An insignificant association between body temperature, pulse, and respiratory rates of infected and non-infected animals was observed, while values of body condition score were recorded as poor scores in goats and medium scores in sheep. Age, sex, region, and season showed a significant association with coccidiosis. Conclusion: Coccidiosis remains highly prevalent, subclinical parasitic disease in small ruminants in particular goats. Therefore, successful and economical control can be achieved once detailed knowledge about management characteristics and the time course of infection in a given flock is collected. Also, implementing of advanced diagnostic assays such as molecular phylogeny could help increase the sensitivity and specificity of an assay in identifying different Eimeria species and their association with other local and global strains

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Nurdianti, Nurdianti. "Coccidiosis in Small Ruminant and Antiparasitic Activity of Essential Oils." Media Kedokteran Hewan 34, no. 1 (January 8, 2023): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkh.v34i1.2023.60-79.

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Coccidiosis have been reported to cause severe economic losses in small ruminants livestock industry. Subclinical coccidiosis is common among small ruminants and clinical occurs mainly in young's animals. Coccidiosis is caused by highly host-specific Eimeria species. Strategies to control traditionally rely on the use of management practices combined with anticoccidial treatments. The development of alternative, safer, and ecofriendly anticoccidial agents have become priority in most parts of the world. Essential oils have been shown to exhibit antiparasitic activity and may control protozoal pathogens. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of Eimeria species in sheep and goats and demonstrated life cycle, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and potency use of essential oils in the treatment of coccidiosis.

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Rybicki, Maciej. "Coccidiostats in treating coccidiosis." Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 125, no. 4 (2020): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2020/125/364.

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Coccidiostats are a group of veterinary antibiotics, the residues of which in, e.g. meat or other edible tissues, are potentially dangerous to human health and life. Thus, it is important to effectively prevent intoxications. For that purpose it is essential to gather data on those antibiotics. Coccidiostats are used mainly in treating and preventing coccidiosis – a disease of the intestinal track of animals, especially of the poultry, caused by parasitic protozoans of the Eimeria genus. Two major groups are used – polyether ionophores and chemical coccidiostats, which differ in origin and mechanisms of action. Their application is governed by the Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council, in which the application of the following 11 coccidiostats was authorized: salinomycin, narasin, monensin, maduramicin, semduramicin, lasalocid, robenidine, nicarbazin, halofuginone, diclazuril and decoquinate. Each of the mentioned coccidiostat present in the products of animal origin can lead to intoxication resulting from production errors and poor manufacturing practices. The effects of those compounds in food include symptoms such as: polyneuropathy, rhabdomyolysis, hypercalcaemia, respiratory failure and even death of patients. The coccidiostats are irreplaceable in treating coccidiosis, which can always be associated with the possibility of their occurrence in food. The present-day methods used to identify these medicines make it possible to monitor the products as regards the occurrence thereof and to reduce the risk of exceeding safe dose limits as set out in the relevant legal acts.

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PAVLOVIC, IVAN, JOVAN BOJKOVSKI, VIOLETA CARO-PETROVIC, ALEKSANDRA TASIC, MARIJA PAVLOVIC, NEMANJA ZDRAVKOVIC, and NARCISA MEDERLE. "CONTROL OF COCCIDIOSIS OF FARM BREEDING SHEEP." Scientific Papers Journal VETERINARY SERIES 66, no. 1 (November 15, 2023): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.61900/spjvs.2023.01.15.

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"Infection with coccidia is one of the most common and damaging sheep diseases, particularly young lambs and economically important diseases of sheep. Coccidiosis is caused by parasitic protozoa in the genus Eimeria. Coccidial infection is virtually universal in sheep and large numbers of oocysts may be found in the faeces of clinically normal animals. Usually it is presented at animals at 4-10 weeks.Lamb and kids infection had moderate morbidity and low mortality rate. Environmental contamination and resulting clinical disease is generally influenced by local weather conditions and the grazing management practices of the flock. In our paper, we present measures to control coccidiosis in sheep kept in frame breeding conditions."

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Ernst, John V., and Gerald W. Benz. "Intestinal Coccidiosis in Cattle." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2, no. 2 (July 1986): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)31238-x.

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Barba, Emilio, Aránzazu Carmen Guedes, José Manuel Molina, Sergio Martín, María Carmen Muñoz, Otilia Ferrer, Pedro Carlos Lara, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert, and Antonio Ruiz. "Immunoprotection against mixed Eimeria spp. infections in goat kids induced by X-irradiated oocysts." Parasitology Research 121, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 1517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-022-07465-z.

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AbstractStrategies to control goat coccidiosis traditionally rely on the use of management practices combined with anticoccidial treatments, and limited effort has been made, so far, to address immunological control of caprine Eimeria infections. Previously, we showed that monospecific immunization with X-Rad-attenuated Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae oocysts induced considerable immunoprotection upon challenge. In the present study, we conducted a similar vaccination trial but using a mixture of caprine Eimeria species typically present in natural infected goats. For immunization, sporulated oocysts were attenuated by X irradiation (20 kilorad). All infections were performed orally applying 105 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria spp. per animal. In total, 18 goat kids were grouped as follows: (G1) immunized + challenge infected; (G2) primary + challenge infected; (G3) challenge infection control; and (G4) non-immunized/non-infected control. Overall, goat kids infected with attenuated oocysts (= immunized) shed less oocysts in the faeces and showed a lower degree of clinical coccidiosis than animals infected with non-attenuated oocysts. Animals of both challenge groups (G1 and G2) showed partial immunoprotection upon reinfection when compared to challenge infection control (G3). However, the degree of immunoprotection was less pronounced than recently reported for monospecific vaccination against Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae, most probably due to the complexity of the pathogenesis and related immune responses against mixed Eimeria spp. infections. Nevertheless, the data of the present study demonstrate that immunization with attenuated Eimeria spp. oocysts may be worth pursuing as a strategy to control goat coccidiosis.

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WHEELHOUSE, R. K., B. I. GROVES, and C. A. HAMMANT. "EFFECTS OF SALINOMYCIN AND LINCOMYCIN UPON PERFORMANCE, MORTALITY AND INTESTINAL LESION SCORE IN BROILER CHICKENS USING AN IN-FEED COCCIDIA MODEL." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas85-030.

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A floor pen trial using an in-feed coccidia model was conducted to determine the efficacy of salinomycin at the rate of 60 mg/kg of feed and to ascertain any interference of lincomycin at 2.2 mg/kg upon salinomycin efficacy in broiler chickens. Inclusion of salinomycin effectively controlled mortality due to coccidiosis (P < 0.05), and improved mean intestinal lesion score and performance (P < 0.05). Addition of lincomycin to the diet did not interfere with the coccidiostatic properties of salinomycin. Key words: Broiler chickens, coccidiosis, salinomycin, lincomycin

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Bolzani Sa, Marina, Tania Dello Monaco Martins Bo, Clovis Augusto Versalli S, Francine Romani, Joelma Moura Alvarez, Mariana Camargo Lo, and Elizabeth Santin. "Evaluating Different Vaccine Routes Against Coccidiosis." International Journal of Poultry Science 8, no. 10 (September 15, 2009): 980–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2009.980.984.

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Chatterjee, Tania, Rudradev Muherjea, and Mrityunjoy Mondal. "Occurrence of Coccidiosis amongst Different Wild Life and Other Domestic Animals Including Birds: A Review on Comparative Study." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (February 10, 2023): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1202.002.

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Eimeria is an Apicomplexan protozoan parasite which causes Coccidiosis in different animals. Infection develops mainly in large and small intestine of most wild animals and poultry birds including other pet birds. The disease is pandemically distributed throughout the globe with varieties of species. This clinical situation mostly prevails in different parts of the visceral organs like pancreas, liver and caecum of all animals. The life cycle of the parasite is almost same everywhere and not able to produce any lethal effect to the hosts. Suitable temperature can trigger the entire mechanism of life cycle of the species. The prevention and control of the disease are important otherwise poor reflection will get associated with economic loss in any type of large and small scale production and maintenance of wildlife conservation (captive and free range system). There is no record readily available in any literature about zoonotic importance of coccidiosis.

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Yaeger, Michael J., Andrew Holtcamp, and Julie A. Jarvinen. "Clinical Coccidiosis in a Boar Stud." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15, no. 4 (July 2003): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870301500416.

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This report describes an outbreak of coccidiosis in a boar stud. A live, untreated, adult boar with a history of diarrhea was submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ames, IA. For a 3-month period, approximately 40% of the boars in this stud had developed gray to brown diarrhea that lasted 1–3 days. Affected boars did not lose condition, and antibiotic therapy did not appear to affect the clinical course of the disease. At necropsy, the distal ileum was palpably thickened and covered by a thick, yellow-green, fibrinous exudate. Microscopic changes in the ileum consisted of an erosive enteritis associated with the presence of numerous coccidia within mid to superficial villus enterocytes. The mucosa was covered by a fibrinous exudate admixed with numerous nonsporulated coccidian oocysts. A light growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Derby was isolated from the small intestine of this animal, but laboratory tests were negative for Lawsonia and Brachyspira spp. Individual or paired fecal samples were obtained from 6 additional boars experiencing similar clinical signs. Numerous Eimeria spinosa oocysts were identified in these samples. Neither Salmonella nor Brachyspira spp. were cultured from submitted fecal samples. Necropsy of a live boar and examination of feces from 6 additional animals confirmed that the mild, sporadic, transient diarrhea in this boar stud was due to coccidiosis.

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Domatskiy, V. N., and E. I. Sivkova. "Analysis of the parasitological situation regarding eimeriosis in cattle in the Russian Federation." Вестник российской сельскохозяйственной науки, no. 2 (May 24, 2024): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2500208224020174.

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The purpose of the study is to review the spread of bovine eimeriosis in the territory of the Russian Federation. Objectives of the study: to analyze the epizootic situation of bovine eimeriosis in the territory of the Russian Federation. Bovine coccidiosis is widespread in many regions of Russia and in other countries of the world. The pathogens are more than 10 species of eimeria, which have a specific localization in the body of animals, as well as morphological differences from each other. Three species (E. zuernii, E. bovis and E. alabamensis) are characterized by the highest pathogenicity and are most often associated with the clinical manifestation of the disease. Mostly young animals aged from 2 weeks to 1 year are ill, and adult animals have an asymptomatic form of invasion. In many animals, eimeria causes dangerous diseases, accompanied by a decrease in productivity, the birth of weak offspring, often the death of young animals, and additional feed costs per unit of production. In livestock complexes, the incidence of calves with eimeriosis is 10–100%, and mortality is 25–60%. The maximum infection of calves and adult animals is observed in the spring and autumn periods, and in some regions in the autumn-winter period. It was found that with an increase in the density of calves in the machine, their infection with eimeria increases significantly. The invasion of calves was minimal when kept in individual machines. Given that parasites have a complex developmental biology, one of the most importantmeasures in the complex of measures ensuring the prevention and elimination of animal diseases with coccidiosis is currently still pharmacotherapy and prevention, contributing not only to the liberation of animals from parasites, but also to prevent the dispersion of the invasive origin in the environment and to prevent the threat of new infection.

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., M. Akhtar, M. A. Hafeez ., and A. U. Haq . "Immunity Against Coccidiosis in Poultry- A Review." International Journal of Poultry Science 4, no. 10 (September 15, 2005): 812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2005.812.817.

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Abu-Akkada, Somaia S., Samah S. Oda, and Karam I. Ashmawy. "Garlic and hepatic coccidiosis: prophylaxis or treatment?" Tropical Animal Health and Production 42, no. 7 (May 16, 2010): 1337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-010-9590-6.

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Usevich, V. M., N. I. Zhenikhova, M. N. Drozd, and L. Banda. "Pathomorphogenesis in goats with Coccidiosis." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128203018.

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The problem of the spread of coccidiosis (eimeriosis) in animals is still an urgent problem for veterinary specialists around the world. In this regard, the aim of the study was to study the most complete pathomorphological picture of this disease in goats. The research material was the fallen kids of the Alpine breed. The research was carried out on the basis of one of the goat breeding farms in the Sverdlovsk region. Diagnostics was performed according to clinical, laboratory and pathomorphological studies. Research results. The article describes the morphological picture of pathological changes in the parenchymal and target organs. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that a morphological assessment of changes in target organs, parenchymal organs that provide detoxification function in the body, in the organs of the immune system and in parenchymal organs that perform vital functions in the body of blood circulation and gas exchange has been carried out.

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Fadl, Shehella Rsul. "Prevalence of Parasitic Infection in Sheep From different Regions in Baghdad." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 35, no. 1 (June 29, 2011): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v35i1.625.

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This research concerns (306)faecal samples from different regions in Baghdad from sheep were examined,the results showed that 230 samples were infected with gastrointestinal parasites with total rate 75.1% which included : 49.0% of coccidiosis ( 9 species of Eimeria were recorded E.parva, E.ovina, E.crandalli s, E. weybridgensi, E. pallida, E. granulosa E .faurei, E. ovinadalis E.marsica) , 21.2% Nematodes 7.84% ,6.5% ,4.5%, 2.2% for Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus ,Nematodiru,and Trichuris in respectively , while the percentage of trematodes & cestodes infections were 4.9% for fasciola 2.28% , Paramphistomum 1.6% , Moniezia 0.9% .Age factor influenced on infection percentage it is higher in younger with coccidiosis infection 25.4% while it is higher in aged animals with nematodes% 10.13 & 1.96% for trematodes & cestodes. Prevalence of coccidiosis infection showed seasonal diversity it is higher in winter, while the rate of infection with nematodes & trematodes is higher in summer & lowers in winter.

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Reshetnikova, A. D., and E. S. Klimova. "Influence of intestinal coccidiosis on weight gain of young cattle." Russian Journal of Parasitology 17, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2023-17-1-99-104.

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The purpose of the research is to study the effect of coccidiosis infection (cryptosporidiosis, eimeriosis) on the average daily gains in live weight of young cattle.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on animals spontaneously infected with Eimeria spp. And Cryptosporidium spp. According to the principle of analogues, 4 groups of animals were formed, 10 heads each. In the first experiment, the average daily weight gain of 1-20-day-old animals infected with Cryptosporidium (1st experimental group) and clinically healthy calves (1st control group) was compared. For the second experiment, calves at the age of 2-4 months, infected with Eimeria spp. (2nd), were selected, young animals free from infection were selected in the second control group.Results and discussion. In calves infected with Cryptosporidium spp., the average daily gains ranged from 0.597±0.017 to 0.675±0.018 kg. The decrease in growth per day relative to the animals of the control group was, on average, 0.346 kg. The maximum loss of weight gain, 11.0±0.88 kg, was recorded in November. A similar dynamic of the decrease in average daily weight gain was established in animals at eimeriosis. During the research period, the shortfall in live weight of calves infected with Eimeria spp. was 21.5±2.6 kg, which is 12.3 kg less relative to the mass of calves infected with Cryptosporidium spp. Sharp fluctuations in the reduction of average daily weight gain in this group were not recorded: on average, 0.248±0.113 kg relative to the control group. Thus, the reason for the lack of live weight gain (up to 40 %) in calves in the farm of the Uvinsky district of the Udmurt Republic is intestinal coccidiosis. The minimum indicator of the average daily gain in live weight (0.597±0.017 kg) falls on the group of calves infected with cryptosporidiosis, which is almost 2 times less relative to the gain of animals from the control group.

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SZCZEPANIAK, KLAUDIUSZ, MARIA STUDZIŃSKA, ANDRZEJ JUNKUSZEW, ANNA ŁOJSZCZYK-SZCZEPANIAK, TOMASZ GRUSZECKI, MARTA DEMKOWSKA-KUTRZEPA, MICHAŁ MILERSKI, LESZEK DROZD, MIROSŁAW KARPIŃSKI, and KRZYSZTOF TOMCZUK. "Dynamics of lamb coccidiosis in indoor management systems." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 8 (2018): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6103.

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Invasions of protozoa belonging to the genus Eimeria are a global problem in sheep farming. The clinical course of eimeriosis occurs almost exclusively in lambs. In adult sheep coccydiosis often has an asymptomatic course which, however, is not without an impact on animal conditions. Large flock density and related contamination of the environment with oocysts is conducive to a high extensiveness of the invasion. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and intensity of Eimeria invasion in lambs kept in confined management systems in order to establish the key periods of the course of invasions and schedules for prevention programs. The parasitological examination was conducted on samples of feces collected directly from the rectum of 96 lambs every 14 days at the following time points: the 28th, 42nd, 56th, 70th and 100th days of life. The assessment involved the invasion extensity established using a flotation method and invasion intensity expressed as the number of oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) established by using the McMaster technique. On the basis of morphometric parameters of isolated oocysts, the species of coccidia in the studied animals were determined. During the whole study period, the invasion extensity grew from the minimum of 17.6% (CI ± 95%; 9.6-25.6) on day 28 to the maximum of 95.9% (CI ± 95%; 95.3-100.0) on day 100. The average growth in the invasion extensity in the flock was 19.6% every 14 days. The average invasion intensity in the study period was 3039.2 OPG (min-max 50-58,800; SEM 440.2), with the highest excretion of oocysts observed on day 42 of the lambs’ life. The average OPG value on this day was 6783.8, and dropped at subsequent measurement points. The experiment revealed exclusively multi-species invasions. In total, seven species of coccidia were found in the studied animals within the study period. These were: E. bakuensis, E. faurei, E. intricata, E. ovinoidalis, E. pallida, E. parva and E. crandallis..

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Keeton, Sarah Tammy Nicole, and Christine B. Navarre. "Coccidiosis in Large and Small Ruminants." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 34, no. 1 (March 2018): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.10.009.

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Lillehoj, H., S. Jang, S. Lee, K. Lee, M. Park, B. Subramanian, R. Sriraman, V. Srinivasan, and E. Lillehoj. "Eimeria maxima recombinant Gam82 gametocyte antigen vaccine protects against coccidiosis and augments humoral and cell-mediated immunity (46.19)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2010): 46.19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.46.19.

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Abstract Intestinal infection with Eimeria, the etiologic agent of avian coccidiosis, stimulates protective immunity to subsequent colonization by the homologous parasite, whilst cross-protection against heterologous species is poor. This study was designed to assess a purified recombinant protein from E. maxima gametocytes (Gam82) in stimulating immunity against experimental infection with live parasites. Following Gam82 intramuscular immunization and oral parasite challenge, body weight gain, fecal oocyst output, gut lesions, serum antibody response, cytokine production, and lymphoproliferation were assessed to evaluate vaccination efficacy. Animals vaccinated with Gam82 and challenged with E. maxima showed lower oocyst shedding and reduced intestinal pathology compared with non-vaccinated and parasite-challenged animals. Gam82 vaccination also stimulated the production of antigen-specific serum antibodies, induced greater levels of IL-2 and IL-15 mRNAs, and increased splenic lymphoproliferation compared with non-vaccinated controls. These results demonstrate that the Gam82 recombinant protein protects against coccidiosis and augments humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

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Abd El-Ghany, Wafaa A. "Intervention Strategies for Controlling Poultry Coccidiosis: Current Knowledge." Journal of World's Poultry Research 11, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 487–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2021.58.

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Lobago, F., N. Worku, and A. Wossene. "Study on Coccidiosis in Kombolcha Poultry Farm, Ethiopia." Tropical Animal Health and Production 37, no. 3 (April 2005): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:trop.0000049302.72937.12.

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Ola-Davies, O. E., M. O. Oyeyemi, A. B. Saba, and O. O. Ajala. "Prevalence of Eimeria Oocysts in West African Dwarf goats at the University of Ibadan Farm." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v29i2.1572.

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An outbreak of acute coccidiosis is reported in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats kept under a semi intensive management system at the University of Ibadan farm. During the period of the outbreak, clinical signs observed among the animal included anorexia, fever, coughing, ocular and nasal discharges and diarrhoea. Sixty nine out of eighty-five (85%) animals were scouring, 6 out of 20 (30%) pregnant did abort, 8 out of 80 (10%) died through severe infection. Average oocyst counts was 2.73 x 10°/gram faeces in kids and 0.9 x 10 gram faeces in adult goats. Eimeria species predominant in goats and percentage occurrence were E. arloingi (77.5%), E. ninakohlyakimovae (62.89%), E. hirci (58.6%). E, alijevi (39.5%). Areas of glandular degeneration and necrosis of epithelium of the small intestine were seen. Also coccidia schizonts, immature oocysts, and neutrophilic infiltrations can be seen in the intestinal mucosa. The presence of pathogenic species of the Eimeria in WAD goats suggest that coccidiosis may be contributing to the enteric syndromes, poor feed conversion and low productivity

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Droual, R., H. L. Shivaprasad, and R. P. Chin. "Coccidiosis and Necrotic Enteritis in Turkeys." Avian Diseases 38, no. 1 (January 1994): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1591854.

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Bedrník, P., J. Kučera, Anna Firmanová, and P. Jurkovič. "Field vaccination of broilers against coccidiosis." Avian Pathology 18, no. 2 (April 1989): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079458908418600.

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Foreyt, William J. "Coccidiosis and Cryptosporidiosis in Sheep and Goats." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 6, no. 3 (November 1990): 655–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30838-0.

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Silva, Liliana Machado Ribeiro da, Maria João Martins Vila-Viçosa, Telmo Nunes, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla, and Helder Carola Espiguinha Cortes. "Eimeria infections in goats in Southern Portugal." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 23, no. 2 (June 2014): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612014051.

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Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species is a major form of intestinal infection affecting intensively and semi-intensively reared goats. The province of Alentejo is the main goat-producing area in Portugal. Therefore, all 15 Serpentina goat farms in Alentejo were analyzed regarding the occurrence and diversity of Eimeria species. Fecal samples obtained from 144 animals (52.1% dairy goats, 47.9% pre-pubertal goats) were examined using the modified McMaster technique to determine the number of oocysts per gram of feces. Eimeria spp. oocysts were present in 98.61% of the fecal samples and, overall, nine different Eimeria species were identified. The most prevalent species were E. ninakohlyakimovae (88%) and E. arloingi (85%), followed by E. alijevi (63%) and E. caprovina(63%). The average number of oocysts shed was significantly lower in dairy goats than in pre-adult animals. Astonishingly, no clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed in any of the animals examined, even though they were shedding high numbers of oocysts and were infected with highly pathogenic species. Thus, implementation of routine diagnostic investigation of the occurrence and diversity of caprine Eimeria species may be a useful tool for determination and better understanding of their potential economic impact on goat herds in southern Portugal.

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Strnadová, Petra, Vlasta Svobodová, Leoš Pavlata, Ľubica Mišurová, and Rudolf Dvořák. "Effect of inorganic and organic zinc supplementation on coccidial infections in goat kids." Acta Veterinaria Brno 80, no. 2 (2011): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201180020131.

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The aim of this study was to identify the effect of zinc-enriched diet fed to goats and their kids on the number of Coccidia oocysts shed by kids, on clinical signs of coccidiosis, weight gains, and kids’ blood plasma concentration of zinc. A total of 22 goat kids were divided into 4 groups of 5 or 6 animals. Goats and kids from the control group did not receive any additional zinc, the second group was supplemented with inorganic zinc (zinc oxide), the third group was given zinc lactate, and the fourth group received chelated zinc. Samples of kids’ faeces were taken weekly from 3 to 9 weeks of their age (a total of 7 samples were taken). Samples of faeces were examined by a quantitative method to detect the number of oocysts. Kids were weighed weekly and their blood was taken in order to determine zinc concentrations in blood plasma. Animals from the group supplemented with zinc chelate and zinc lactate shed a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower number of oocysts (13.4% and 11.9%, respectively) compared to the number of oocyst shed by control and zinc oxide supplemented groups (25% and 49.7%, respectively). Shedding of oocysts was not accompanied by clinical symptoms of coccidiosis in any of the groups. Kids supplemented with zinc chelate showed significantly highest weight gains and blood plasma concentration of zinc (p ≤ 0.05) as compared to control and inorganic zinc supplemented groups. Organic zinc is to be recommended to be used as a prophylaxis against coccidiosis in goat kids.

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Arafa, Waleed M., Shawky M. Abolhadid, Abeer Moawad, Asmaa S. Abdelaty, Usama K. Moawad, Khaled A. M. Shokier, Olfat Shehata, and Sahar M. Gadelhaq. "Thymol efficacy against coccidiosis in pigeon (Columba livia domestica)." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 176 (March 2020): 104914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104914.

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Karaer, Zafer, Esin Guven, Aytac Akcay, Sirri Kar, Serpil Nalbantoglu, and Ayse Cakmak. "Prevalence of subclinical coccidiosis in broiler farms in Turkey." Tropical Animal Health and Production 44, no. 3 (August 4, 2011): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9940-z.

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Kowalska, Dorota, Paweł Bielański, Paweł Nosal, and Jerzy Kowal. "Natural alternatives to Coccidiostats in rabbit nutrition." Annals of Animal Science 12, no. 4 (September 1, 2012): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10220-012-0047-x.

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AbstractIn rabbit management, coccidiosis caused by Eimeria protozoa is a serious health, production and economic problem due to its widespread occurrence. According to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council on additives for use in animal nutrition, coccidiostats will be phased out of use by 31 December 2012. This has prompted a search for natural alternatives to coccidiostats, which could stop the progression of this disease. The aim of the study was to identify parasitic invasions in a herd of rabbits before and after the use of natural alternatives to common coccidiostatic drugs and to determine the effect of these alternatives on rabbit performance and meat quality. Different proportions of feed additives based on natural oregano and garlic oils, added to complete diets, had a positive effect on the weight gains of young rabbits during the study from 35 to 90 days of age. In all experimental groups, dressing percentage was higher than the values reported for New Zealand White rabbits, and the feed additives had no effect on the taste of meat samples evaluated. Properly formulated rations of the concentrates reduced the intensity of coccidial infections while protecting the animals against secondary bacterial and viral infections, which usually accompany coccidiosis and are a common cause of mortality. The present results suggest that the herb extracts can be successfully used in prophylaxis as natural alternatives to coccidiostats in feeds.

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Morgan, Kerri J., Maurice R. Alley, William E. Pomroy, Brett D. Gartrell, Isabel Castro, and Laryssa Howe. "Extra-intestinal coccidiosis in the kiwi (Apteryxspp.)." Avian Pathology 42, no. 2 (April 2013): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2013.776665.

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Acharya, K. P., and N. Acharya. "Alternatives to Fight Against Coccidiosis: A Review." Nepalese Veterinary Journal 34 (December 21, 2017): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nvj.v34i0.22918.

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Coccidiosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases of poultry with economic losses. The loss is mainly due to the poor feed conversion and increased mortality. Nowadays, farmers rely heavily on prophylactic and therapeutic use of chemical compounds for the management of coccidiosis. The conventional anti-coccidials, however, are associated with residual effects and increased resistance. Similarly, increasing consumer awareness and their pressure for natural food has increased governmental pressure basically. Because of regulatory change, there is increasing pressure to phase out the chemical anticoccidials in diet of farm animals. Moreover, there are renewed management practices as alternatives that are safe, little/no residual effects, and economical. Non-conventional compounds such as Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), organic acids, phyto-chemicals, probiotics and essentials oils have shown encouraging result against coccidian growth in intestinal mucosa of chicken and turkey. But, comprehensive studies on chemical structure, modes of action and residual effects is needed to unravel their applicability and effectiveness in the field conditions.

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Gari, Getachew, Getachew Tilahun, and Ph Dorchies. "Study on Poultry Coccidiosis in Tiyo District, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia." International Journal of Poultry Science 7, no. 3 (February 15, 2008): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2008.251.256.

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Ashenafi, H., S. Tadesse, G. Medhin, and M. Tibbo. "Study on Coccidiosis of Scavenging Indigenous Chickens in Central Ethiopia." Tropical Animal Health and Production 36, no. 7 (2004): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:trop.0000042852.82477.af.

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Hafeez, Mian Abdul, Adeel Sattar, Kiran Khalid, Abdur Rauf Khalid, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood, Muhammad Tahir Aleem, Kamran Ashraf, et al. "Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Eimeria crandallis Isolated from Deer (Cervidae) in Different Captive Animals." Life 12, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12101621.

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Coccidiosis is a protozoan disease that is characterized by diffuse diarrhea, dehydration, emaciation accompanied by moderate morbidity and mild mortality in animals and birds. The current study targeted the molecular characterization of Eimeria isolates in captive deer from different localities in Lahore. The host species was the Cervidae family, such as Hog deer (Axis porcinus) and Punjab urial (Ovis aries vignei). The Eimeria crandallis was isolated from zoo animals. The DNA was extracted from oocysts and amplified by using reported oligonucleotide primers that exhibited the 809 bp product. These were analyzed by using the small subunit 18S rRNA gene-based evolutionary relationship with 36 other Eimeria species reported in caprine, cervinae, bovines, avians, and rodents. Light microscopic examination exhibited 3.29% (7/213) Eimeria-positive fecal samples with morphological features, including sub-spherical forms, the presence of micropyle with polar cap, and oocysts diameters (μm) ranging from 24.32 ± 1.61 to 18.94 ± 1.51. The phylogenetic tree constitutes four distinct clusters with relatively higher values. The evolutionary network showed that sequences were clustered in the monophyletic group of Eimeria species reported in caprine and cervinae. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarity matrix analysis exhibited 99.5–99.9% identity of the study isolates with Eimeria crandallis (AF336339). This study provides relevant baseline data to develop strategic control measures for coccidiosis in zoo animals. However, further investigations are required to place the hog deer and Punjab urial-derived E. crandallis into the caprine-originated cluster.

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Willard, MD, and D. Bouley. "Cryptosporidiosis, coccidiosis, and total colonic mucosal collapse in an immunosuppressed puppy." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 35, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-35-5-405.

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An eight-week-old puppy with chronic diarrhea was diagnosed with simultaneous opportunistic pathogens (i.e., cryptosporidiosis, coccidiosis) and total colonic mucosal collapse. Lack of lymphoid follicles in the spleen and lymph nodes suggested a primary underlying immunosuppression that most likely permitted infection with these pathogens. Intensive antibiotic therapy was most likely responsible for the severe colonic lesion, and bismuth subsalicylate administration in this severely dehydrated puppy may have contributed to renal failure as the ultimate cause of death.

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Shelyakin, Cheskidova, Semenov, and Shaposhnikova. "DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL THERAPEUTIC DOSE OF THE DRUG UNICOCCID TO TREAT EIMERIOSIS IN PIGLETS." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 23 (April 18, 2022): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6046256-9-9.2022.23.522-526.

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Eimeriosis (coccidiosis) is a widespread parasitic disease that causes significant economic damage to pig production. Diclazuril is an effective means for the treatment of sick animals. At the same time, there were no negative or side effects detected on the animals’ body. We have carried out studies to determine a therapeutically effective dose for the treatment of coccidiosis in piglets with Unicoccid, the active substance (AS) of which is diclazuril. For the experiment, we selected piglets at the age of 2 months spontaneously infected with Eimeria. The animals from group 1 (n=10) were individually administered Unicoccid once at a dose of 1.5 ml/1 kg of the body weight (3.75 mg of the AS/1 kg); group 2 (n=10), at a dose of 2.0 ml/1 kg of the body weight (5.0 mg of the AS/1 kg); and group 3 (n=10), at a dose of 2.5 ml/1 kg of the body weight (6.25 mg of the AS/1 kg). The piglets from group 4 (n=5) were a negative control and were not prescribed any drug. The therapy effectiveness was evaluated at 14 days after the use of Unicoccid. It was found that an extense-effectiveness score was 100% in the piglets of groups 2 and 3. Thus, the most therapeutically and cost-effective dose against eimeriosis is 2.0 ml/1 kg of the piglet’s body weight (5.0 mg of diclazuril/ 1 kg of the body weight).

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Ilic, Tamara, Igor Stojanov, and Sanda Dimitrijevic. "Parasitic infections in wild ruminants and wild boar." Veterinarski glasnik 65, no. 5-6 (2011): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1106419i.

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Wild ruminants and wild boar belong to the order Artiodactyla, the suborders Ruminantia and Nonruminantia and are classified as wild animals for big game hunting, whose breeding presents a very important branch of the hunting economy. Diseases caused by protozoa are rarely found in wild ruminants in nature. Causes of coccidiosis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis, sarcocystiosis, giardiasis, babesiosis, and theileriosis have been diagnosed in deer. The most significant helminthoses in wild ruminants are fasciosis, dicrocoeliasis, paramphistomosis, fascioloidosis, cysticercosis, anoplocephalidosis, coenurosis, echinococcosis, pulmonary strongyloidiasis, parasitic gastroenteritis, strongyloidiasis and trichuriasis, with certain differences in the extent of prevalence of infection with certain species. The most frequent ectoparasitoses in wild deer and doe are diseases caused by ticks, mites, scabies mites, and hypoderma. The most represented endoparasitoses in wild boar throughout the world are coccidiosis, balantidiasis, metastrongyloidiasis, verminous gastritis, ascariasis, macracanthorhynchosis, trichinelosis, trichuriasis, cystecercosis, echinococcosis, and less frequently, there are also fasciolosis and dicrocoeliasis. The predominant ectoparasitoses in wild boar are ticks and scabies mites. Knowledge of the etiology and epizootiology of parasitic infections in wild ruminants and wild boar is of extreme importance for the process of promoting the health protection system for animals and humans, in particular when taking into account the biological and ecological hazard posed by zoonotic infections.

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Vermeulen, B., H. W. Peek, J. P. Remon, and W. J. M. Landman. "Effect of Ibuprofen on Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens." Avian Diseases 48, no. 1 (January 2004): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7059.

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Gerhold, R. W., A. L. Fuller, and L. R. McDougald. "Coccidiosis in the Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar): A Survey of Coccidiosis Outbreaks and a Test of Anticoccidial Drugs AgainstEimeria kofoidi." Avian Diseases 60, no. 4 (December 2016): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/11388-020816-reg.

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Lillehoj, H., Kyungwoo Lee, Li Guangxing, Sung Hyen Lee, Seung Ik Jang, Uma Babu, Erik Lillehoj, and Gregory Siragusa. "Effect of Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials on macrophage functions and Eimeria maxima infection in broiler chickens (46.18)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2010): 46.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.46.18.

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Abstract The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials (DFMs) on macrophage functions and resistance against experimental coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Birds were fed diets containing one of eight Bacillus subtilis strains (designated Bs2084, LSSAO1, 3AP4, Bs18, 15AP4, 22CP1, Bs27, and Bs278) or one multiple-strain DFM product (AVICORR™) for 21 days, and then the chickens were uninfected or orally infected with 5000 Eimeria maxima (EM) oocysts. At day 21 (before EM challenge), strong phagocytosis ability using BSA-coated fluorescent latex beads and GFP-labeled salmonella was seen in animal given Bs18, 15AP4, Bs27, or Bs278 compared with the no DFM control group. At day 27 (6 days post infection), EM-induced reduction of body weight gain was significantly decreased by adding 15AP4 or Bs27 into broiler diets compared with no DFM/EM inoculated control. Serum Nitric oxide levels were increased in infected animals fed with Bs27 compared with the no DFM/EM inoculated control. The levels of Eimeria-specific antibody were increased in infected chickens fed with LSSAO1 compared with the no DFM/EM inoculated control. Finally, all experimental diets increased concanavalin A-induced splenocyte mitogenesis in infected broilers compared with the no DFM/EM inoculated control. In summary, dietary DFMs reduced the clinical signs of experimental avian coccidiosis and increased various parameters of immunity in broiler chickens.

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Shkromada, Oksana, Oleksandr Skliar, Andriy Paliy, Larysa Ulko, Yulia Suprun, Oleksandr Naumenko, Katerina Ishchenko, Olesia Kysterna, Oleksii Musiienko, and Anatoliy Paliy. "DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTING MEANS FOR RABBITS’ COCCIDIOSIS." EUREKA: Health Sciences 3 (May 31, 2019): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2019.00914.

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The great problem of rabbits breeding today is coccidiosis. An agent of the disease spreads not only through ill animals and is preserved well in the external environment. Oocysts of coccidia live in cells for a long time, so even temporal vacation of an accommodation between placing of rabbits doesn’t prevent infection. It was experimentally proved, that there is a very limited spectrum of means that are coccidiostatics. For preventing and controlling rabbits’ eimeriosis, coccidiostatic means were tested. It is very difficult to annihilate coccidia in vivo and in vitro because of peculiarities of their construction. The aim of the first experiment was to determine the influence of an acidifier Cronocyde L and its components on oocysts of coccidia that allows to determine an optimal composition and concentration of the preparation. At conducting the research, there was used the flotation method of Fulleborn and McMaster one for calculating oocysts. The aim of the second experiment was to determine the influence of the acidifier Cronocyde L standard and Cronocyde L concentrate (1 ml/1l of water) on the intensity of the living mass increment in rabbits. For that there were used clinical, hematological, zootechnical and microscopic methods. Optimal results in the experiment were obtained at using Cronocyde L concentrate and Cronocyde L standard in concentration 0,1 %: maximal growth and health status of rabbits, biochemical indices of blood serum were within the physiological norm. It testifies to the effectiveness of this preparation at eimeriosis of rabbits and to harmlessness for them. The studies, realized under laboratory conditions, prove the effectiveness of the offered means.

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Mohammed, Mohammed Mijbas. "Serological study of sheep of coccidiosis in Al -muthana." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2013/v4i13924.

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Study was conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna to investigate the parasite Eimeria that causes coccidia in sheep The study is the first study conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna, collected 180 samples from different areas in the province of AL- Muthanna included (AL-Samawa;AL- Rumaitha; research station and agricultural experiments and the massacre of AL-Samawah for the animals before slaughter) . The results showed that the incidence of the overall study areas were (67.5%), the highest infection appeared in the AL-Warka (42.6%) and lowest in the research station and farm trials (11.11%), while the incidence in AL-Rumaitha (29.7%) and in AL-Samawah (16.7 %), the results showed during the months of the year that the highest proportion of infection was in the month of February(46.3%) and lower than in January (33.4%) and lower proportion of infection in March and December, respectively (12.97%), (7.4%). The results of the study and a significant effect for the lifetime of sheep on the incidence of the parasite at a level (P <0.05) as the highest infection rate at the age group (7 months and below) and by (66.67%) than it is in the age group (greater than 7 months) as it was (33.33%). The results also show there is no significant difference at the level of probability (P <0.05) between the incidence of males, which amounted to (48.16%) and females that were (48.14%), although there are differences calculation. The clinical signs represented in sheep infected with diarrhea chartreuse mixed blood ,smelly and sometimes contain clues mucosa, has appeared on the infected animal anorexia and general weakness also appeared on some dehydration, disarmament wool and roughness texture, and marked weight loss, but pathological changes were in intestine of infected sheep were congested with a white nodular lesions on the mucosal surface of the intestines were scattered on the mucous layer lining the ileal, and fasting and cecum.

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Mohammed, Mohammed Mijbas. "Serological study of sheep of coccidiosis in Al -muthana." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2013/v4i13924.

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Study was conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna to investigate the parasite Eimeria that causes coccidia in sheep The study is the first study conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna, collected 180 samples from different areas in the province of AL- Muthanna included (AL-Samawa;AL- Rumaitha; research station and agricultural experiments and the massacre of AL-Samawah for the animals before slaughter) . The results showed that the incidence of the overall study areas were (67.5%), the highest infection appeared in the AL-Warka (42.6%) and lowest in the research station and farm trials (11.11%), while the incidence in AL-Rumaitha (29.7%) and in AL-Samawah (16.7 %), the results showed during the months of the year that the highest proportion of infection was in the month of February(46.3%) and lower than in January (33.4%) and lower proportion of infection in March and December, respectively (12.97%), (7.4%). The results of the study and a significant effect for the lifetime of sheep on the incidence of the parasite at a level (P <0.05) as the highest infection rate at the age group (7 months and below) and by (66.67%) than it is in the age group (greater than 7 months) as it was (33.33%). The results also show there is no significant difference at the level of probability (P <0.05) between the incidence of males, which amounted to (48.16%) and females that were (48.14%), although there are differences calculation. The clinical signs represented in sheep infected with diarrhea chartreuse mixed blood ,smelly and sometimes contain clues mucosa, has appeared on the infected animal anorexia and general weakness also appeared on some dehydration, disarmament wool and roughness texture, and marked weight loss, but pathological changes were in intestine of infected sheep were congested with a white nodular lesions on the mucosal surface of the intestines were scattered on the mucous layer lining the ileal, and fasting and cecum.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Coccidiosis in animals'

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