Academic literature on the topic 'Cochran test'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cochran test"

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Seuc, Armando H. "Cochran Q test with Turbo BASIC." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 46, no. 1 (1995): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2607(94)01595-7.

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Sohn, Ki-Cheul, and Im-Hee Shin. "Outlier detection using Grubb test and Cochran test in clinical data." Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society 23, no. 4 (2012): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7465/jkdi.2012.23.4.657.

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Napitupulu, Darmawan. "Cochran Q-Test for Criteria Validation of PeGI Framework." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1430 (January 2020): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1430/1/012037.

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Zhou, Zhengyang, Hung-Chih Ku, Zhipeng Huang, Guan Xing та Chao Xing. "Differentiating the Cochran-Armitage Trend Test and Pearson's χ2 Test: Location and Dispersion". Annals of Human Genetics 81, № 5 (2017): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ahg.12202.

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Lachin, John M. "Power and sample size evaluation for the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel mean score (Wilcoxon rank sum) test and the Cochran-Armitage test for trend." Statistics in Medicine 30, no. 25 (2011): 3057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4330.

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Zhang, Jie, and Dennis D. Boos. "Generalized cochran-mantel-haenszel test statistics for correlated categorical data." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 26, no. 8 (1997): 1813–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610929708832016.

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Solomon, Herbert, and Michael A. Stephens. "Percentage Points for the Cochran Test for Equality of Variances." Journal of Quality Technology 22, no. 1 (1990): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224065.1990.11979205.

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Sudartianto, Sudartianto, Yudhi Andriyana, and Riaman Riaman. "STUDI SIMULASI : PERBANDINGAN UJI WELCH DAN UJI COHRAN COX PADA MASALAH BEHRENS-FISHER." Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 9, no. 1 (2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jmp.2017.9.1.2856.

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Behrens-Fisher problem has a lot of test, two of them are Cohran-Cox test and Welch test. This study will examine the stability of both tests by comparing thesignificance levels of both tests to a specific (given) significance level. The result shows that the Welch test is more stable than the Cochran-Cox test which means that theoretically Welch test is better than Cochran-Cox test.
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Bal'chugov, Aleksey. "METHODOLOGY OF STATISTICAL PROCESSING OF KNOWLEDGE TESTING RESULTS." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 1, no. 1 (2021): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2021-1-1-363-364.

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It is proposed to use a criterion similar to Cochran's criterion for statistical pro cessing of test results. It is shown that the critical value of the Cochran criterion for a group of 4 people 
 who have been tested on 5 topics is approximately 0.2.
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Kang, Seung-Ho, and Jae-Won Lee. "The size of the Cochran–Armitage trend test in contingency tables." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 137, no. 6 (2007): 1851–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2006.03.009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cochran test"

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HUANG, HE. "REDUCTION OF PERCHLORATE BY ZERO VALENT IRON." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1131047520.

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Gayle, Suelen S. "A simulation study of the size and power of Cochran’s Q versus the standard Chi-square test for testing the equality of correlated proportions." Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/3881.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Statistics<br>Paul I. Nelson<br>The standard Chi-square test for the equality of proportions of positive responses to c specified binary questions is valid when the observed responses arise from independent random samples of units. When the responses to all c questions are recorded on the same unit, a situation called correlated proportions, the assumptions under which this test is derived are no longer valid. Under the additional assumption of compound symmetry, the Cochran-Q test is a valid test for the equality of proportions of positive responses. The purpose of this report is to use simulation to examine and compare the performance of the Cochran-Q test and the standard Chisquare test when testing for the equality of correlated proportions. It is found that the Cochran-Q test is superior to the Chi-square test in terms of size and power, especially when the common correlation among the binary responses is large.
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Gayle, Suelen S. "A simulation study of the size and power of Cochran's Q versus the standard Chi-square test for testing the equality of correlated proportions." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/3881.

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Roulet, Marie-Jeanne. "Réponse à l'oxygène du canal artériel de cobaye in vitro : couplage excitation-contraction : étude pharmacologique." Tours, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOUR4008.

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"A study of improving the reliability of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for assessing validity of clinical trials: 一個用於提高考柯藍風險評價工具信度的評價臨床試驗偏倚風險的研究". 2014. http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-1291249.

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Objective. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (CRoB) is one of the most widely used tools for assessing the risk of bias of clinical trials. However, it was criticized for its poor inter-rater reliability, lack of clear and detailed guidelines for its application, and no clear distinguishing between reporting quality from real quality in implementation. This study aims to develop a framework (or improved CRoB, iCRoB) so as to improve the inter-rater reliability of the CRoB in its first 4 domains: sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants and personnel, and blinding of outcome assessment, through providing: i) a structured pathway for assessing risk of bias assessment; and ii) a comprehensive dictionary of scenarios for each domain.<br>Methods. The study is consisted of 4 steps:<br>i) Step 1: Develop a step-by-step structured pathway for assessing the risk of bias.<br>ii) Step 2: Identify and summarize possible scenarios that are used in literature to describe a domain in clinical trials by using a qualitative content analysis approach. A random sample of 100 Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) was taken from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Each review was carefully scrutinized for this purpose.<br>iii) Step 3: Merge the scenarios identified from the sample with those already provided in the CRoB. The combined list of scenarios extends the current coverage of the CRoB and forms a more comprehensive dictionary of scenarios for use in the future. The bias assessment pathway and the new dictionary of scenarios in combination are the new components added or contribution to the CRoB to form the iCRoB.<br>v) Step 4: Conduct a randomized controlled study that allocated at random 8 raters equally into either using the CRoB or our new iCRoB. 150 clinical trials were randomly selected from the fore-mentioned 100 SRs for the inter-rater reliability comparison. Both inter-rater reliability among individual raters (measured with Fleiss’ κ) and that across rater pairs (measured with weighted Cohen’s κ) were computed. Data analyses were conducted by using STATA version 13.0.<br>Results. A structured pathway for systematically assessing bias was designed, which helps classify a study into one of 5 categories for each risk of bias domain based on the information provided in the report of a trial: Category A: a trial reports in details how a bias reduction method was conducted and it is also deemed by the assessor to be conducted adequately; Category B: a trial reports in details how a bias reduction method was conducted but it is deemed by the assessor to be conducted inadequately; Category C: a trial reports that a bias reduction method was conducted but no detailed description was given which can be used to judge whether it was done adequately; Category D: a trial reports that a bias reduction method was not conducted; Category E: a trial does not mention at all whether or not a bias reduction method was conducted.<br>A total of 34, 36, 26 and 20 scenarios were generated for sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants and personnel, and blinding of outcome assessment, respectively. We extended the current CRoB list of scenarios by a number of 20, 23, 26 and 20 respectively for the 4 bias reduction domains.<br>Our trial results showed that the iCRoB had a higher inter-rater reliability across rater pairs than the original CRoB for every bias reduction domain. The weighted κ was 0.71 and 0.81 for sequence generation respectively for CRoB and iCRoB; 0.53 and 0.61 for allocation concealment respectively for CRoB and iCRoB; 0.56 for blinding of participants and personnel in CRoB, 0.68 for blinding of participants and 0.70 for blinding of personnel ini CRoB; and 0.19 and 0.43 for blinding of outcome assessment respectively for CRoB and iCRoB.<br>Conclusion. We developed the iCRoB including a standard pathway and extended substantively the dictionary of scenarios for making the judgement on risk of bias in the reports of clinical trials. Our iCRoB showed a higher reliability than the current CRoB in all the domains examined. The iCRoB can be recommended for improving the assessment of bias in clinical trials.<br>目的:考柯藍偏倚風險評估工具(CRoB)是最廣泛應用的用於評價臨床試驗偏倚風險的工具之一。然而,CRoB 有以下三個缺陷:評價者間信度低,缺乏明確和詳細的應用說明和沒有明確區分報告質量和方法學質量。本研究擬制定一個新的工具iCRoB 用以提高CRoB 前4 項指標的評價者間信度。這4項指標分別為隨機序列生成,分配隱藏,對研究對象和研究者實施盲法,和對結局評估者實施盲法。本研究通過以下2 點實現這一目的:i) 提供一個結構化路徑用以評估偏倚風險;ii) 為每個研究指標提供一個廣泛包含偏倚風險評估相關描述場景的字典。<br>方法:本研究包含以下4 個步驟:<br>第1 步:制定一個用以評估偏倚風險的結構化路徑。<br>第2 步:從考柯藍系統綜述數據庫中隨機抽取100 篇系統綜述,應用定性內容分析法從中確定並總結出臨床試驗中與偏倚風險相關的可能的描述場景。<br>第3 步:將從100 個樣本中總結的描述場景與CRoB 中已有的場景合併,從而擴大CRoB 的描述場景的覆蓋範圍,得到一個更廣泛包含偏倚風險評估相關描述場景字典。偏倚風險評估的結構化路徑和包含場景描述的字典共同形成了本研究中新制定的iCRoB,用以評估臨床試驗的偏倚風險。<br>第4 步:在一個隨機對照研究中,8 名評價者被隨機平均分配至CRoB 組或者iCRoB 組。在上述100個系統綜述所納入的臨床試驗中隨機抽取150 個臨床試驗用以比較CRoB 和iCRoB 的評價者間信度。評價者間信度的比較包括個體評價者間信度(用Fleiss’κ 測量)和配對評價者間信度(用加權Cohen’s κ 測量)的比較。數據採用Stata 13.0 進行統計分析。<br>結果:本研究成功的制定了一個用於系統評價偏倚風險的結構化路徑,在該結構化路徑中,每個偏倚風險相關的指標在一個臨床研究中將分為以下5 類:<br>A 類:臨床試驗詳細描述了預防偏倚的措施的實施,根據描述可以判定該措施的實施能預防偏倚的產生; B 類:臨床試驗詳細描述了預防偏倚的措施的實施,根據描述可以判定該措施的實施不能預防偏倚的產生; C 類:臨床試驗報告採取了預防偏倚的措施,但未描述這一過程如何實施,從而無法判斷其實施是否正確; D 類:臨床試驗報告沒有採取任何預防偏倚的措施; E 類:臨床試驗沒有報告是否採取了預防偏倚的措施。<br>本研究分別為隨機序列生成,分配隱藏,對研究對象和研究者實施盲法,和對結局評估者實施盲法收集了34,36,26 和20 個描述場景。與CRoB 提供的描述場景比較,iCRoB 分別為隨機序列生成,分配隱藏,對研究對象和研究者實施盲法,和對結局評估者實施盲法增加了20,23,26 和20 個新的描述場景。<br>隨機對照試驗結果顯示,iCRoB 中每個研究指標的配對評價者間信度均高於CRoB,其中,隨機序列生成加權κ 為0.71(CRoB)和0.81(iCRoB),分配隱藏加權κ 為0.53(CRoB)和0.61(iCRoB),對研究對象和研究者實施盲法加權κ 為0.56(CRoB),對研究對象實施盲法加權κ 為0.68(iCRoB),對研究者實施盲法加權κ 為0.70(iCRoB),對結局評估者實施盲法加權κ 為0.19(CRoB)和0.43(iCRoB)。<br>結論:本研究通過制定一個由偏倚風險評估的結構化路徑和包含場景描述的字典組成的iCRoB,用以改善CRoB 中對臨床試驗中隨機序列生成,分配隱藏,對研究對象和研究者實施盲法,和對結局評估者實施盲法偏倚風險評估過程。相比於CRoB,iCRoB 在每個研究指標中均顯示出更好的配對評價者間信度。這些結果證明評價者間信度可以通過提供結構化偏倚風險評估路徑和更全面的描述場景字典而提高。<br>Wu, Xinyin.<br>Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2014.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-105).<br>Abstracts also in Chinese.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on 09, September, 2016).<br>Wu, Xinyin.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.y066<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
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Books on the topic "Cochran test"

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1960-, Varga T., ed. Elliptically contoured models in statistics. Kluwer Academic, 1993.

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Doing Cochran’s Q Test With the College Scorecard (2000–2010) in SPSS. SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526437785.

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Doing Cochran’s Q Test With the Health Insurance Marketplace (2014–2016) in SPSS. SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526437969.

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Doing cochran’s Q test with the world development indicators (1990–2010) in SPSS. SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526438065.

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Elwood, Mark. Combining results from several studies: systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682898.003.0009.

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This chapter explains systematic reviews, the PRISMA format, and meta-analysis. It discusses publication bias, outcome reporting bias, funnel plots, the issue of false positive results in small studies, along with search strategies, electronic databases, PubMed, and the Cochrane collaboration. It discusses the assessment of quality, risks of bias, limitations of meta-analysis, heterogeneity testing, effect modification, and meta-regression methods. In part two, it explains statistical methods for meta-analyses are presented, including the Mantel-Haenszel and Peto methods for individual patient data, the inverse variance weighted method using final results, and random effects methods. Forest plots and tests of heterogeneity are explained.
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Kulkarni, Kunal, James Harrison, Mohamed Baguneid, and Bernard Prendergast, eds. An introduction to evidence-based medicine. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198729426.003.0002.

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Clinicians have historically used ‘evidence’ from their individual clinical experiences to inform decisions about health care. However, with the emergence of novel technologies, treatments, and epidemiological methods in the latter half of the twentieth century, some questioned whether more harm than good was being done in attempts to ‘cure’ disease. In 1971, Archie Cochrane suggested clinicians were overly devoted to their patients, overtreating in an effort to do everything possible to ‘cure’. He argued the systematic application of medical research, in particular evidence from randomized controlled trials, should be encouraged to maximize the use of therapies proven to be safe and effective, and to minimize the impact of those ineffective and unsafe. David Sackett and colleagues developed these concepts further, writing about the ‘science of the art of medicine’ to describe how the principles of population epidemiology might be applied to individual patient care decisions and the appraisal of research for quality. This chapter presents an overview of how to approach the critique of a clinical trial and an introduction to common statistical tests that readers will encounter.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cochran test"

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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Cochran Q-Test for Large Paired Cross-Tabs." In Clinical Data Analysis on a Pocket Calculator. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27104-0_60.

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Young, S. Stanley. "The Cochran-Armitage Test for Trends or Thresholds in Proportions." In Risk Assessment and Management. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6443-7_45.

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Kokoska, Stephen, and Christopher Nevison. "Critical Values For Cochran’s Test." In Springer Texts in Statistics. Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9629-1_16.

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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Repeated Measures Binary Data (Cochran’s Q Test), (139 Patients)." In SPSS for Starters and 2nd Levelers. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20600-4_43.

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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Multiple Paired Binary Data (Cochran’s Q Test) (139 Patients)." In SPSS for Starters. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9519-0_14.

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Sheskin, David J. "The Cochran Q Test." In Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429186196-34.

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"The Cochran Q Test." In Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420036268.ch26.

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"Tab. 11: Kritische Grenzen cm n – 1 ; 1 – a für den Cochran-Test." In Lexikon der Statistik. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783486793161-038.

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"Tests on Complete Randomised Blocks: Extensions to the Friedman and Cochran Tests." In A Contingency Table Approach to Nonparametric Testing. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420035957-8.

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"Evidence-based ophthalmology." In Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology, edited by Alastair K. O. Denniston and Philip I. Murray. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198804550.003.0026.

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‘Evidence-based ophthalmology’ introduces the reader to key concepts which support an evidence-based practice. Areas covered include study design, critical appraisal, hierarchical levels of evidence, clinical guidelines, Cochrane reviews, healthcare economics, investigations, and patient-reported outcomes. Additionally, there is an introduction to relevant statistical concepts, including common tests, relative risk, odds ratios, approaches to the 'two-eye problem', and Bayesian versus frequentist issues.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cochran test"

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Pestiaux, Pierre, and Christine Pic. "The Limitations of the Cochran and Grubbs Outlier Tests in Round Robin Testing." In 2004 SAE Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exhibition. SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1894.

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Brown, JVE, N. Meader, J. Cleminson, and W. McGuire. "G192 C-reactive protein for diagnosing late-onset infection in newborn infants: cochrane review of test accuracy." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.187.

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Todt, I., T. Ikezono, and H. Sudhoff. "Objektiver Nachweis perilymphatischer Fisteln als Ursache für akute Hörminderungen mittels Cochlin-Tomoprotein-Tests." In Abstract- und Posterband – 91. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Welche Qualität macht den Unterschied. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1711827.

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Bordes Giménez, Dulce, Gwendoline Andrés Pereira, Paloma Juncosa Montes, Francisco Diaz Fernandez, Ana Carrasco Flores, and Victoria Boticario Villarroel. "Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo, trastorno psicótico sin especificar y consumo de THC: A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO." In 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020p039.

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1. Descripción precisa de los objetivos En la actualidad el Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo suele ser un diagnóstico estigmatizante y tardío, especialmente en ciertos entornos, lo cual puede agravar los síntomas, el funcionamiento global del paciente y en este caso dar lugar a un trastorno por consumo de tóxicos a los que se recurre por desconocimiento buscando un alivio sintomático y enturbiando el diagnóstico y pronóstico del paciente. Así pues, describimos un caso clínico complejo en el que coexiste trastorno por consumo de sustancias y múltiples alteraciones psicopatológicas fluctuantes desde la alteración sensoperceptiva hasta una alteración de conducta con rituales y compulsiones para las que el paciente recurría al THC para aliviar alguno de estos síntomas agravando otros. Planteamiento del diagnóstico diferencial, tratamiento y evolución. 2. Material y métodos Exploración física y psicopatológica, historia vital, test de tóxicos en orina, analítica general y revisión bibliográfica utilizando PubMed y Cochrane como bases de datos. 3. Resultados y conclusiones Se expone el diagnóstico primario y su comorbilidad desde el punto de vista biopsicosocial y la importancia de un correcto tratamiento y adherencia en un contexto en el que la situación social del paciente y la adecuada conciencia de enfermedad gracias a la relación terapéutica y multidisciplinar permite una evolución favorable.
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Satish, Pranav, Alex Freeman, Daniel Kelly, et al. "Prostate cancer topography and tumour conspicuity on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis." In VIRTUAL ACADEMIC SURGERY CONFERENCE 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.04.001.2.

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Introduction The implications of tumour location on mpMRI conspicuity are not fully understood. Identifying topographical correlates that influence conspicuity may improve outcomes. Here, we present the first systematic review and meta-analysis describing the effect of tumour location on prostate cancer conspicuity on mpMRI. Methods Medline, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were systematically searched and results were assessed as per the PRISMA statement. Differential tumour conspicuity on mpMRI was compared between cancers in the peripheral zone (PZ), transitional zone (TZ), base, apex, anterior and posterior. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) of mpMRI detection for tumours in the PZ and TZ. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021228087. Results Thematic synthesis showed apical and basal tumours had reduced conspicuity compared to mid-gland tumours. Cancer in the TZ demonstrated increased conspicuity on T2-weighted imaging, whilst PZ cancers had higher conspicuity on diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast enhancement imaging. mpMRI had better diagnostic accuracy for PZ lesions, albeit higher specificity for TZ lesions. Meta-analysis showed an increased DOR for PZ tumours (OR: 7.206 [95% CI: 4.991;10.403], compared to TZ (OR: 5.310 [95% CI: 3.082; 9.151]). However, the test for subgroup differences was not significant (p = 0.2743). Conclusions Cancer in the apex or base of the prostate may be less conspicuous than mid-gland tumours. Similarly, TZ cancer appears to have reduced conspicuity compared to PZ cancer, however, meta-analysis did not show a significant difference between DOR. Future larger studies with prospective datasets are required to clarify the relationship between tumour position and conspicuity.
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Rafeeque, Ameena, and Mohammed Fasihul Alam. "The effect of Renin Angiotensin System Blockers versus Calcium Channel Blockers on Progression towards Hypertensive Chronic Kidney Disease: A comprehensive systematic review based on Randomized Controlled Trials." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0162.

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Background: Decline in estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with further progression of chronic kidney disease. Evidence suggests that Renin Angiotensin System blockers (RAS), which can be angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) or Angiotensin converting enzymes Inhibitors (ACEIs), have reno- protective effect, but results are variable. Similarly, effects of Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are shown to have a role in protecting renal function but differ across studies. Hence, the relative effect of ARBs or ACEIs as well as CCBs, and their administration as monotherapy, remain uncertain. Purpose: To summarize and determine the pooled effect of RAS versus CCBs on progression towards hypertensive CKD amongst diabetic as well as non-diabetic patients with CKD of any stage from I-IV. Data sources: All language studies in PubMed, the Cochrane Library Central, Clinical Registry of unpublishedTrials, WHO, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest, reference lists, and expert contacts up to September 2019. Study selection: This study included all the full text articles that studied diabetic and non-diabetic patients with eGFR ≥ 15 ml/min per 1.73m3 or Urinary albumin excretion levels (UAE) ≤ 300mg/d during RAS based treatment an intervention in direct comparison with CCBs treatment based approach as comparator at baseline and at the end of follow-up. However, pooling of all the included studies using meta-analysis was not feasible due to substantial study heterogeneity and the small number of included studies that are meta-analyzable. So, studies were selected for systematic review, and out of which, all the meta-analyzable studies were quantitatively analyzed on the basis of main outcomes such as (i) Relative risk for CKD progression and (ii) Mean differences in SBP and DBP for both the arms. Doi plot and funnel plot were used for detection of publication bias. Results: Review with seven included trials, and metaanalysis using IVhet model was done on three studies for primary CKD outcome and four studies for secondary BP outcomes. RAS blockers and CCBs did not show any statistically significant differences in terms of its effects on further progression CKD with RR of 0.90 [95% CI 0.69, 1.16]. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in BP from baseline to final end points between CCBs and RAS inhibitors with WMD of -2.09 mmHg [95% CI -5.96, 1.79] for mean SBP change and -0.71 mmHg [95% CI -2.16, 0.73] for mean DBP change. Conclusion: Evidence asserts no difference between RAS and CCB concerning the risk of progression for CKD and in terms of mean BP differences. However, the study have its own set of limitations due to which more well designed and well conducted RCTs with robust findings are required to confirm the inferences based on this review.
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Reports on the topic "Cochran test"

1

Solomon, Herbert, and Michael A. Stephens. Percentage Points for the Fisher-Cochran Test for Equality of Variances. Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199070.

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2

Solomon, H., and M. A. Stephens. An Extension of Cochran's Test for Homogeneity of Variances. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211054.

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3

Palacky, G. J. Helicopter Geophysical Surveys At the Val Gagne Test Site, District of Cochrane, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/133370.

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