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Journal articles on the topic 'Cocoa farm soil fermenter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

S.O., Dania,, Ilekporia, E.O., and Olamide, R. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND HEAVY METALS IN SOIL UNDER COCOA, CASSAVA FARM AND UNCULTIVATED LAND." Journal CleanWAS 8, no. 1 (2024): 21–24. https://doi.org/10.26480/jcleanwas.01.2024.21.24.

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The comparative evaluation of the chemical, physical properties and heavy metals present in soil under Cocoa, Cassava and uncultivated land was carried out in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. Soil samples from the top soil (0cm – 15cm) were collected with an auger from cocoa, cassava farms and uncultivated land at Iruekpen, Edo State for analyses. The soil was air dried, sieved and the sieved soil samples were analyzed for its texture, aggregate stability, chemical properties and heavy metals. The results indicated that Sand fraction in Cocoa plantation was higher than that of Cassava and Uncu

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ASARE, RICHARD, REBECCA ASHLEY ASARE, WINSTON ADAMS ASANTE, BO MARKUSSEN, and ANDERS RÆBILD. "INFLUENCES OF SHADING AND FERTILIZATION ON ON-FARM YIELDS OF COCOA IN GHANA." Experimental Agriculture 53, no. 3 (2016): 416–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479716000466.

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SUMMARYMost cocoa farms in Ghana are cultivated in complex agroforest systems, with plant growth and cocoa productivity being affected. The objective of this study was to investigate how shade trees affect cocoa yield, temperature and soil nutrients in low-input cocoa systems. Establishing plots on 24 farms in four locations (districts) in Ghana, we assessed the influence of varying canopy cover and fertilization on cocoa yields. Results showed no relationship between canopy cover and cocoa yields in the light crop season (February to August). For the main crop season (September to January), t

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Hussain, Iqbal, Shahid Saleem, Hafeez Ullah, et al. "The Role of Fermented Farmyard Manure in Promoting Soil Health and Economic Sustainability in Cotton Farming under Changing Climate." Journal of Economic Impact 6, no. 3 (2024): 273–77. https://doi.org/10.52223/econimpact.2024.6312.

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Climate change, soil degradation, and resource limitations pose significant challenges to cotton productivity and economic sustainability. Developing sustainable and resilient agricultural practices is essential to address these challenges and ensure long-term farm profitability. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of fermenter-applied farmyard manure (FYM) as a regenerative approach to enhance soil health, cotton yield, and economic returns under changing climatic conditions. Farmyard manure was applied through a fermenter at a rate of 2.76 tons acre?¹, and its effects were compared with

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Attiogbé, Afi Amen Christèle, Udo Nehren, Emmanuel Quansah, et al. "Cocoa Farmers’ Perceptions of Drought and Adaptive Strategies in the Ghana–Togo Transboundary Cocoa Belt." Land 13, no. 11 (2024): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13111737.

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This study investigated the perception of drought by cocoa farmers and explored the effectiveness of adaptive strategies (ASs) used in smallholding farms in the transboundary region between Ghana and Togo. Drought significantly threatens cocoa production in this region, affecting farmers’ livelihoods and cocoa supply chains. This study used a multistage sampling approach, which involved surveys with questionnaires administered to 330 cocoa farmers throughout the study area, along with on-site observations. Statistical analysis included binary logistic and Poisson regression models to explore t

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Haq, Fariz Abdillah, Andri Pramuntadi, Dhina Puspasari Wijaya, and Dita Danianti. "Perancangan Sistem Pemantauan Kelembaban Tanah, Kelembaban Udara, dan Suhu Udara pada Lahan Pembibitan Kakao Menggunakan Mikrokontroller Berbasis Internet of Things (Strudi Kasus: Pembibitan Efendi Farm)." Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi 7, no. 3 (2024): 1882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/jutin.v7i3.32153.

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This study aims to design a monitoring system for soil moisture, air humidity, and air temperature in a cocoa seedling farm using a microcontroller-based Internet of Things (IoT). The system was implemented at Efendi Farm, which houses 20,000 cocoa seedlings. Monitoring is conducted using soil moisture sensors and DHT22 sensors for temperature and humidity, with data displayed on an LCD and sent to an Android application via Firebase. The system also includes notifications via buzzer and Telegram, as well as data logging using Google Spreadsheet. The results indicate that the system effectivel

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Prastowo, Erwin, Nadya Faiqotul Hikmah, and John Bako Baon. "Ammonia Volatilization in Cocoa Farm as Affected by Sugarcane Filter Cake Supply at Different Urea and Soil Moisture Levels." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 30, no. 3 (2015): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v30i3.63.

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Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is a crucial mechanism in soil nitrogen (N) cycle. It accounts for main loss of N in cocoa farms when environment is suitable to promote the emission. A research to locate a link of several factors, namely, sugarcane filter cake (SFC), urea and soil moisture content to NH 3 volatilization, and to reveal cocoa N uptake and urea fertilizer efficiency was taken place both in a laboratory with the incubation technique, and in a greenhouse as a pot trial. The design was completely randomized design in factorial. The soil was Inceptisol from Kaliwining Experimental Stati

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Huda, Miftahul, Mufti Afif, Royyan Ramdhani Djayusman, and Arie Rachmat. "Cocoa Seedling Cultivation (Theobroma Cacao) Using Bokashi Fertilizer Media as an Environmentally Friendly Solution." Bisma : Bimbingan Swadaya Masyarakat 7, no. 1 (2025): 47–55. https://doi.org/10.59689/bisma.v7i1.1190.

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This community service project, conducted in Bugel Hamlet, Karangrejo Village, focuses on improving cocoa cultivation through the use of bokashi fertilizer as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. Utilizing the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, which empowers local communities by leveraging their existing resources, the project involved observation, interviews, and field studies. Bokashi fertilizer, made by fermenting organic materials such as animal manure, rice bran, and husk charcoal with EM4 and molasses, was introduced to improve soil fertility

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8

Adeloye, Kolawole Adelekan, Dixon Olutade Torimiro, and Akindotun Tolulope Akinduro. "Involvement of farm youth in cocoa plantation resources management practices in Ondo State, Nigeria: a factor analysis." Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 54, no. 1 (2021): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2021-0016.

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Abstract The study identified the factors associated with farm youth’s involvement in Cocoa Plantation Resources Management Practices (CPRMPs) in Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a total of two hundred and four respondents for the study. The data were collected using a structured interview schedule and analysed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that the average age of the respondents was 33.67 ± 6.50 years and that most (76.0 %) of the respondents were male. The CPRMPs respondents were involved and were categorised into s

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Kouakou, Yao Kouman Nestor, Jéremie Gala Bi Trazié, and Albert Yao-Kouamé. "Physico-chemical Quality of Soils under Cocoa Farm in Koffikro-Affema (Aboisso) in South-East of Côte d'Ivoire." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 6 (2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.6.411.

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The study was conducted in Koffikro-Affema village located in the South-East of Côte d'Ivoire to assess the morpho-physical and chemical quality of soils under cocoa farm, for the management of early degradation of orchards. Representative soil samples were taken by horizon under degraded cocoa farms after a morpho-pedological characterisation. These samples were then analysed in the laboratory for fertility parameters. The results indicate that the cocoa farms have a high rate of degradation and the study made it possible to identify the soil characteristics associated not only with the degra

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Appiah, Sylvia Kyerewaa, Collins Osei, Kwadwo Amankwah, Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum, John-Eudes Andivi Bakang, and Fred Ankuyi. "GALAMSEY'S GRIP: UNRAVELLING THE IMPACT OF ILLEGAL SMALL-SCALE MINING ON COCOA FARMING AND LIVELIHOODS." Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal 24, no. 1 (2024): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2024.024.1.5.

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The encroachment of small-scale mining (galamsey) on fertile lands poses a significant threat to cocoa cultivation, affecting farmers' livelihoods and raising concerns about environmental sustainability. This study addresses the complex interaction between small-scale mining and cocoa farming. Conducted in the Bosome Freho district, Ashanti Region, the study employs a quantitative research design, utilizing a survey method with 316 cocoa farmers affected by galamsey. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentages, are applied to analyze data. Factors driving cocoa farmers to parti

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11

Oliva, Manuel, Karol Rubio, Melissa Epquin, Gladys Marlo, and Santos Leiva. "Cadmium Uptake in Native Cacao Trees in Agricultural Lands of Bagua, Peru." Agronomy 10, no. 10 (2020): 1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101551.

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Cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens cocoa farming in the province of Bagua in Amazonas, Peru. This study reports our assessment of Cd concentrations in cocoa farm soils, and in cocoa roots, leaves, testa, and cotyledon, thus evaluating the magnitude of the problem caused by Cd exposure. For our analysis, we sampled agricultural soil, cocoa roots, leaves and pods at 29 farms in the province of Bagua. Concentrations of Cd in each of the samples were measured and correlated with selected variables at each sampling site. Within our collection of samples, Cd levels showed great variability. In soi

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12

Yamoah, Fred A., James S. Kaba, David Botchie, and Joseph Amankwah-Amoah. "Working towards Sustainable Innovation for Green Waste Benefits: The Role of Awareness of Consequences in the Adoption of Shaded Cocoa Agroforestry in Ghana." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (2021): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031453.

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Drawing on the awareness of consequence literature, this paper unpacks how the awareness of the consequences of full-sun cocoa production can encourage farmers to adopt shaded cocoa agroforestry that preserves the land and favours better cocoa farm waste management. Using Ghana as a case study, the paper provides distinctive insights on how shaded cocoa agroforestry systems provide sustainable yields in the medium- to long-term, relative to unshaded systems. We also find that cocoa farmers’ awareness of consequences about the effects of undertaking unshaded cocoa production could make individu

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M. A., Kekong, and Eju, P. A. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Cocoa Pod Husk Dumpsites in Etung Cocoa Farms Nigeria." Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 10, no. 2 (2024): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajsspn/2024/v10i2269.

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Assessment of some physical and chemical properties of cocoa pod husk dumpsites in Etung, Nigeria, was carried out to ascertain the particle size distribution, nutrients, and some soil fertility indices. Five cocoa-growing communities were purposely selected for sampling. Soil samples were collected at 0–25 cm and 25–50 cm in each cocoa farm dumpsite and non-dumpsites in the cocoa plantations. A total of 20 samples were collected, processed, and subjected to standard laboratory analysis. The results obtained indicated that there was no difference in soil textural classes between dumpsites and

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14

Arthur, Alfred, Solomon Acquaye, and Jerome Agbesi Dogbatse. "Effect of some organic, inorganic and foliar fertilizers on the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings raised in soils of contrasting characteristics." Greener Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 6, no. 1 (2019): 8–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3401505.

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<strong>The establishment of cocoa farms has been popular with the use of nursed seedlings in polybags. Availability of fertile topsoil for nursing cocoa seedlings is becoming limited and poor seedling growth of cocoa in the nurseries has been ascribed to the use of unsuitable potting media. A search for an alternative means of raising healthy seedlings at the nursery that will accelerate seedling growth is what this trial investigates. The experiment was laid out in 2 x 5 factorial arranged in Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Two soils, ‘Black soil’ obtained fr

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15

Arthur, Alfred, Solomon Acquaye, and Dogbatse Jerome Agbesi. "Effect of some organic, inorganic and foliar fertilizers on the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings raised in soils of contrasting characteristics." Greener Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 6, no. 1 (2019): 08–14. https://doi.org/10.15580/gjsspn.2019.1.061819111.

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The establishment of cocoa farms has been popular with the use of nursed seedlings in polybags. Availability of fertile topsoil for nursing cocoa seedlings is becoming limited and poor seedling growth of cocoa in the nurseries has been ascribed to the use of unsuitable potting media. A search for an alternative means of raising healthy seedlings at the nursery that will accelerate seedling growth is what this trial investigates. The experiment was laid out in 2 x 5 factorial arranged in Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Two soils, ‘Black soil’ obtained from a refuse dump and

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16

Thifany, Ariny Jihan, Edi Santosa, and Nurul Khumaida. "Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Produksi dan Efektivitas Panen pada Kakao Mulia." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 48, no. 2 (2020): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v48i2.30565.

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Low productivity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Indonesia is caused by various factors such as improper harvesting practice. The research studied growth, development, and distribution of pod on two edel cocoa clones (DR 2 and DRC 16) and to evaluate factors affecting production and harvesting effectivity. The study was carried out at cocoa farm located at Renteng Plantation, Jember, East Java, Indonesia in January-May 2019. Pod growth, distribution, and disease incidents were evaluated on the stem 0-200 cm from soil level. The results showed that harvested pod met 73.51% of the standard qual

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17

Busia, Joseph Oppong, Kwadwo Amankwah, Patrick Appiah, Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum, and John-Eudes Andivi Bakang. "A comprehensive study on the livelihood implications of transitioning from cocoa to rubber plantation in Ghana." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 40, no. 2 (2024): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v40i2.601.

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The study, conducted in Manso Amenfi, Western Region, Ghana, explored the livelihood implications of transitioning from cocoa to rubber plantations. Using a cross-sectional survey with 384 participants, data revealed a decline in cocoa production levels. The socioeconomic factors that influence farmers’ land use shift behaviour were age, household size, being a household head, farm size, educational level, access extension and labour availability. The knowledge factor that was ranked first as influencing farmers shift behaviour was high price of rubber while the behavioural factor was the farm

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18

Schmidt, Jennifer E., Julia Flores, Luigy Barragan, Freddy Amores, and Sat Darshan S. Khalsa. "Optimizing Cocoa Productivity Through Soil Health and Microbiome Enhancement: Insights from Organic Amendments and a Locally Derived Biofertilizer." Microorganisms 13, no. 6 (2025): 1408. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061408.

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Despite growing interest in improving soil health on cocoa farms, applied research on the impacts of specific amendments on soil and plant outcomes is lacking. An integrated assessment of the impacts of two different organic amendments (compost and vermicompost) and a microbial biofertilizer on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, as well as cocoa flowering, fruit set, and yield, was conducted in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Complementary culture-dependent and culture-independent methods were used to assess the impacts of amendments on microbial diversity, community composition, and spec

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19

Pilco-Machoa, Gustavo Gonzalo, Rosa Victoria Castro-Chamba, Irán Rodríguez-Delgado, Hipólito Israel Pérez-Iglesias, and Rigoberto Miguel García-Batista. "Efecto antrópico en propiedades del suelo en sistemas de producción agrícola en la granja Santa Inés." Revista Metropolitana de Ciencias Aplicadas 7, no. 3 (2024): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.62452/yswxfn86.

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Soil is the main element for the health of agroecosystems; however, agricultural activities have altered the properties of the soil, affecting the quality of the non-renewable natural resource. The objective of the work was to determine the anthropogenic effect of agricultural management on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil in production systems of the Santa Inés farm. For this, permanent sampling points were randomly selected in five agroecosystems (cocoa, banana, corn, pastures, and forest) belonging to the Santa Inés farm. The anthropogenic effect in agriculture

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20

Asante, Richard, Søren Marcus Pedersen, Torsten Rodel Berg, et al. "Evaluating the Resilience of the Cocoa Agroecosystem in the Offinso Municipal and Adansi North Districts of Ghana." Applied Sciences 14, no. 18 (2024): 8170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14188170.

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The application of the resilience concept within socioecological systems has recently received much attention. Assessing the characteristics of cocoa agroecosystems in the dry and moist semi-deciduous ecological zones has become critical for resilience analysis in this era of climate change and the constant shrinking of cocoa suitability areas. Previous studies have used one of the dimensions of resilience to analyse complex adaptive systems, excluding critical factors and variables. This study applied a multi-criteria decision-making process, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that accommod

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Regazzoni, Oscar, Yogi Sugito, Agus Suryanto, and Adi Prawoto. "Physiological Character of Cocoa Clones that Cultivated under Three Species of Shade Trees." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 30, no. 3 (2015): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v30i3.65.

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This experiment aims to know the solar energy efficiency of four clones of cocoa that cultivated under three different shading plants. This experiment has been done from September until December 2013 located at Kaliwining Experiment Farm with characteristic 45 m above sea level, soil type is low humic gley, soil texture is silty clay loam, and climate classification type D based on Scmidht and Fergusson classification. This experiment used nested design as experimental design with species of shading plant as main plot which are teak (Tectona grandis L.), krete (Cassia surattensis (Burm.) F.),

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22

Fosu-Mensah, Benedicta Y., Elvis D. Okoffo, and Michael Mensah. "Synthetic Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Soils and Drinking Water Sources from Cocoa Farms in Ghana." Environment and Pollution 5, no. 1 (2016): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ep.v5n1p60.

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The contamination of pesticides in 32 soils and 64 drinking water samples was investigated from cocoa farms in the Dormaa West District of Ghana to assess pollution status. A total of nine synthetic pyrethroids pesticides were measured with a high resolution Varian CP-3800 Gas Chromatograph equipped with <sup>63</sup>Ni electron capture detector (ECD). Eight synthetic pyrethroid residues namely fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, allethrin and cyfluthrin were detected with lambda-cyhalothrin and allethrin occurring most frequently in

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23

Ballesteros-Possú, William, Juan Carlos Valencia, and Jorge Fernando Navia-Estrada. "Assessment of a Cocoa-Based Agroforestry System in the Southwest of Colombia." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159447.

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Cocoa-based agroforests play an important role in farmer livelihood and the global environment; however, despite these facts, their low yields and tree aging put at risk their fate. This project investigated the carbon storage potential, productivity, and economics of different agroforestry arrangements of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) with Melina (Gmelina arborea) trees, in the southwest of Colombia. We established the experiment under a Randomized Complete Blocks design with seven treatments and three repetitions. Different allometric models were tested. Allometric models were made for G. arborea

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Aneani, Francis, R. Adu-Acheampong, and O. Sakyi-Dawson. "Exploring Opportunities for Enhancing Innovation in Agriculture: The Case of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Production in Ghana." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 1 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n1p33.

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An exploratory study was conducted to identify opportunities to enhance innovation in the cocoa sector in Ghana. The specific objectives were to identify the key stakeholders in the cocoa industry, and elicit farmers and other stakeholders’ perceptions on cocoa production and marketing practices, as well as the inherent constraints and opportunities. The study involved literature review of published information and the use of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools such as focus group discussion, problem tree analysis, seasonal calendar, and ranking techniques to elicit information from the

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25

Kekong, M. A. "Amended Crop Wastes Compost Affect Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Nigeria Savanna." Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 9, no. 4 (2023): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajsspn/2023/v9i4202.

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Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of poultry droppings amended cocoa pod husk and rice mill wastes, as a substitute for costly inorganic fertilizers on some soil properties and yield of maize. Study Design: Experiment was laid in randomized complete block design. Place and Duration of Study: Two year field study was conducted at the Research Farm of the Cross River University of Technology during 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. Methodology: Two compost types: cocoa pod husk and rice mill wastes both amended with poultry droppings at the ratio of 3:1 for cocoa pod husk + poultry

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26

Florida Rofner, Nelino, Mendis Paredes Arce, Ronald Mendis Paredes Salazar, Llerme Navarro Vasquez, and Alex Rengifo Rojas. "An organic management alternative that improves soil quality in cocoa plantations under agroforestry systems." Scientia Agropecuaria 13, no. 4 (2022): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.030.

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The organic management of Theobroma cacao in agroforestry systems is a viable alternative, which is being applied in the Alborada Estate under the name of Mendis Organic Management (MOM) in honor of the researcher and owner of the experimental area. The MOM technology integrates a set of techniques according to the physiological cycle of the plant such as drastic annual pruning, application of compost, foliar biofertilizer, and the use of a variety of cocoa with high planting density. Therefore, the research evaluated the effect of MOM management on soil quality with cocoa plantations (varieti

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D, Anitha, and Kumaraswamy A. "PRODUCTION OF ALKALINE PROTEASE ENZYME FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS 168 ISOLATED FROM SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM A DAIRY FARM." Kongunadu Research Journal 3, no. 2 (2016): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj152.

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Screening and isolation of protease producing strains of bacteria were carried out from a dairy farm located in Nagarcoil, Tamilnadu.The isolates were positive on skim milk agar (1%) and thus are selected as protease producing strain. The organisms were tested for various biochemical tests, which lead to theiridentification as Bacillus subtilis producing protease enzyme. These Bacillus subtilis could group up to 40ºC and pH range 6-9 with optimal growth temperature and pH at 37°C and 8.0 respectively. It was also optimized for carbon test and nitrogen test with optimal growth in dextrose and p

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Regazzoni, Oscar, Yogi Sugito, Agus Suryanto, and Adi Prawoto. "Solar Energy Efficiency of Cocoa Clones which Cultivated under Three Species of Shade Trees." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 31, no. 1 (2015): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v31i1.71.

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AbstractThis experiment aims to know the solar energy efficiency of four clones of cocoa that cultivated under three different shading plants. This experiment has been done from September until December 2013 located at Kaliwining Experiment Farm with characteristic 45 m above sea level, soil type is low humic gley, soil texture is silty clay loam, and climate classification type D based on Scmidht and Fergusson Classification. This experiment used Nested Design as Experimental Design with species of shading plant as main plot which are Teak (Tectona grandis L.), Krete (Cassia surattensis (Burm

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29

Diawo, Joe. "Training Needs Analyses of Cocoa Farmers in Kailahun District." International Journal of Scientific and Management Research 05, no. 10 (2022): 121–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.51010.

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This research analyses the training needs of cocoa farmers in eight chiefdoms in Kailahun District, Eastern Sierra Leone. The paper is an in depth examination of the training needs of the target population in order to bridge the information gap in the existing literature. The objectives of the research were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of cocoa farmers in Kailahun District, analyse their training preferences in areas of cultivation, harvest, post-harvest and marketing practices taking into consideration what knowledge and skills they need to have, when to have them, where and

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30

Wahyuni, Sri, Purwanto Purwanto, and John Bako Baon. "Runoff Water in Cocoa Plantation as Affected by Rorak Number and Mulch Type." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 31, no. 3 (2015): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v31i3.206.

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Soil erosion is a serious problem in the field of ecology and environment. Providing rorak (small blocked ditches) and mulches as an alternative conservation action is expected to minimize water runoff. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of combination of rorak and mulches in controlling water runoff in a cocoa farm. Location of this research was in Kaliwining Experimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute during rainy season in early 2015. This research used a nested design in which there is a complete factorial design of random groups that every combin

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31

Kokoye, Senakpon, Joseph Molnar, Curtis Jolly, Dennis Shannon, and Gobena Huluka. "Farmer knowledge and willingness to pay for soil testing in Haiti." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 7 (2018): 1109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2017-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting farmers’ perceptions and knowledge of soil testing benefits and fertilizers use in Northern Haiti. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 452 farmers within 17 localities in Northern Haiti. The findings reveal that farmers currently have little or no knowledge of soil testing benefits and but know better about fertilizer use. The soil testing benefits and knowledge on fertilizers use were collected using Likert scale. Analyses were done using structural equations model and choice model. Findings Factors such as

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O. O., Osim,, Ogebe, F.O., and Ezihe, J. A. C. "Analysis of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Constraints Faced by Cocoa Farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 25, no. 3 (2025): 29–38. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2025/v25i3589.

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This study analyzed the climate adaptation strategies and constraints faced by cocoa farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria, using the factor analysis. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires to examine cocoa farmers' adaptation strategies for mitigating climate change effects on cocoa production and the challenges they face in adopting these strategies. This study identifies three major climate change adaptation strategies used by cocoa farmers, and these strategies explained 72.4% of the variance in the dataset. Factor 1 (crop management) includes practices like changing pl

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Adegbenro, Ruth Oluwakemi, Julius Olayinka Ojetade, Sikiru Adekoya Muda, Alani Adeagbo Amusan, Oladele Abdulahi Oguntade, and Olubunmi Mary Faturoti. "Characterization and suitability assessment of the soils of Iwo series for cocoa production in rainforest area Southwestern, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science and Practice 8, no. 3 (2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasp2023.411.

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Characterization and soil suitability assessment is a vital tool for understanding the nature and status of soils. It is one of the strategies for achieving food security as well as sustainable environment. This study was conducted to assess the suitability of the soils of Iwo series for sustainable production of cocoa. The study was carried out in 2022, in an area located approximately between 7°32' N and 7°33' N and longitudes 4°32' E and 4°40' E within the Teaching and Research Farm (T&R-F) of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Kajola, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Three profile pits were establishe

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Worden, Christopher, George Elliott, Bernard Bible, Karl Guillard, and Thomas Morris. "Use of a Food-processing Residual Compost for Salad Green Production on Organic Farms: Soil Response and Crop Yields." HortScience 35, no. 5 (2000): 830B—830. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.5.830b.

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A composting facility in New Milford, Conn. (NMF), utilizes food-processing residuals, including spent tea leaves, coffee grounds, cocoa shell and cleanings, wastewater treatment sludge from a food ingredients manufacturing plant, and past-expiration processed vegetable products. Materials are composted in aerated, frequently turned windrows under cover. The range of inputs, combined with time constraints on the composting process, has resulted in a variable, immature compost product with a high rate of microbial activity. Users have expressed concern about potential phytotoxicity or nutrient

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Daniel, Maria Andreza Silva, Débora Bernardes Mouzinho Monteiro, Elaine Maria Silva Guedes Lobato, et al. "Evaluation of Micronutrients in the Soil and Leaves of Theobroma Cacao." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 19, no. 2 (2025): e011144. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v19n2-080.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability of micronutrients and soil acidity at different depths and to check the levels of these nutrients in leaves of Theobroma cacao grown in SAF (Agroforestry System) and in full sun, in order to understand the effects of micronutrients and soil acidity on cacao growing. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, which seeks to promote sustainable agriculture, and SDG 15, to promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems. Method: Soil samples were taken from three depths (0-20, 20-40

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Holisah, Endah Umu Nur, and Sugeng Prijono. "PENGARUH PERBEDAAN TANAMAN PENAUNG TERHADAP KAPASITAS MENAHAN AIR TANAH DI KEBUN KOPI RAKYAT SUMBERMANJING WETAN." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 9, no. 2 (2022): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2022.009.2.18.

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Coffee is one of the farm commodities which is a source of national income and foreign exchange for Indonesia. One of the successes in the production of coffee plants is climatic conditions because it has an important role related to the water needs of plants. The availability of soil water is closely related to the ability of the soil to hold water in the soil pores (pF) and provide water for plants. Efforts to reduce the impact of climate change are the use of shade plants which will produce many litters which affect the input of water in the soil to improve soil structure and pore distribut

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Rodríguez-Delgado, Irán, Giraldo Jesús Martín-Martín, Hipólito Israel Pérez-Iglesias, and Rigoberto Miguel García-Batista. "Comportamiento de propiedades físicas, químicas y biológica del suelo en sistemas de producción agrícola." Revista Metropolitana de Ciencias Aplicadas 8, S1 (2025): 184–96. https://doi.org/10.62452/se591c34.

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Soil is a non-renewable natural resource that guarantees plant nutrition, agricultural production and food sustenance for a constantly growing population. The objective of the work was to evaluate the behavior of physical, chemical and biological properties in agroecosystems established on the Santa Inés farm, El Oro, Ecuador. In five agroecosystems (banana, corn, pastures, cocoa and forest) previously selected, identified and georeferenced, soil samples were taken at three depths of the profile (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm). The current state of soil degradation was estimated by optimal scaling

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Awe, Yemisi Tosin, Abimbola Yusuf Sangodoyin, and Mary Bosede Ogundiran. "Assessment of organophosphate pesticide residues in environmental media of Araromi farm settlement, Osun State, Nigeria." Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 37, no. 4 (2022): e2022031. http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2022031.

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The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence and distribution of organophosphate compounds residue in soil, surface water, sediment, and banana crops in Araromi farm settlement, Osun State, Nigeria. Organophosphate pesticide residues were determined using a gas chromatography equipped with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) in 16 soil samples from cocoa and banana farms, 6 water and sediment samples each, and 8 banana samples from 4 farms in the study site. Fourteen organophosphate compounds were detected (acephate, omethoate, dementon-s-methyl, dimethoate, tolcofos-methyl, pirimiphos-me

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Awe, Yemisi Tosin, Abimbola Yisau Sangodoyin, and Mary Bosede Ogundiran. "Assessment of organophosphate pesticide residues in environmental media of Araromi farm settlement, Osun State, Nigeria." Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 37, no. 4 (2022): e2022035. http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2022035.

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The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence and distribution of organophosphate compounds residue in soil, surface water, sediment, and banana crops in Araromi farm settlement, Osun State, Nigeria. Organophosphate pesticide residues were determined using a gas chromatography equipped with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) in 16 soil samples from cocoa and banana farms, 6 water and sediment samples each, and 8 banana samples from 4 farms in the study site. Fourteen organophosphate compounds were detected (acephate, omethoate, dementon-s-methyl, dimethoate, tolcofos-methyl, pirimiphos-me

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Ibiremo, O. S, Ogunlade, M. O., Iloyanomon, C. I., and Ogbeide, C. E. "Soil Fertility Evaluation for Cashew Production at Iyapo Farm Estate, Offa, Kwara State." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 24, no. 5 (2023): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2023/v24i5554.

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Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) is an important commodity crop with great potential as a foreign exchange earner. It is grown principally for it nuts and apple and is a hardy crop which is adapted to a wide range of agro-ecologies. The increase in the price of cashew nuts globally, has resulted in increased interest in the cultivation of cashew. The Management of Iyapo farms limited in its desire to key into this sector requested the technical assistance of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) to carry out soil fertility evaluation of the 50 hectares of land proposed for establishment

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Aguilar-Marín, Vanessa, Carmen Milena Guacaneme-Barrera, Holmes Rodríguez-Espinosa, and Mario Fernando Cerón-Muñoz. "Modelo Antropogógico de Extensión Agropecuaria: sensibilidad del retorno social de la inversión." Suma de Negocios 13, no. 29 (2022): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2022.v13.n29.a2.

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Introduction / objective: the scarcity of resources for social investments requires strategies that increase the availability of information for decision-making. The Social Return on Investment (SROI) is a tool used for impact measurement and makes it possible to economically assess the effects of an intervention and identify the amount of change generated by each monetary unit invested. This index admits sensitivity analysis to recognize the aspects with the greatest influence on the impact of a project, so the objective of this work was to study the sensitivity of the SROI in the cocoa Terri

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Joya-Barrero, Valentina, Carme Huguet, and Jillian Pearse. "Natural and Anthropogenic Sources of Cadmium in Cacao Crop Soils of Santander, Colombia." Soil Systems 7, no. 1 (2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7010012.

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Elevated cadmium (Cd) levels in cacao products have been detected in a major cacao-producing region of Colombia, with concentrations well above those permitted for export and posing a potential threat to human health. Geochemical and petrographic analyses of fertilizer, soil and rocks from three farms were used to determine the origin of Cd. Parent rocks were the main source of the Cd in soils, while organic fertilizer may have further contributed to elevated metal content in one farm. High Cd levels in the organic fertilizer were most likely due to bioaccumulation, since it was sourced from a

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Olakayode, Abiodun Ojo, Bamikole Peter Akinde, Durodoluwa Joseph Oyedele, and Fatai Oladapo Tijani. "Agricultural Land-Use Effects on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity, Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in Soil Aggregate Sized Fractions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria." African Journal of Organic Agriculture and Ecology 4 (December 30, 2020): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4738482.

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The study determined the distribution of organic carbon (OC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and total nitrogen (TN) associated with soil aggregates across land-use types in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Six agricultural land-use types were considered which were undisturbed secondary forest, continuously cropped land, paddock, oil palm, cocoa and teak plantations at the Teaching and Research Farm, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Soils samples were randomly collected from each land use at 0-15 and 15-30cm soil depths in three replicates. The samples were segregated into four aggregate classes

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Avilés, Daniel, Fernando Espinoza, Liliana Villao, et al. "Application of microencapsulated Trichoderma spp. against Moniliophthora roreri during the vegetative development of cocoa." Scientia Agropecuaria 14, no. 4 (2023): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.045.

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Ecuador is one of the leading producers of fine aroma cocoa worldwide, involving around 100,000 producer families. On the American continent, the largest producer is Brazil, with 18%, followed by Ecuador and Colombia, and it is estimated that more than 20 million people depend directly on this crop. Moniliophthora roreri, the causal agent of frost pot rot, has been a cause of great concern due to the production losses it has caused, which in 2022 amounted to 80% in different cocoa-producing provinces of Ecuador and worldwide losses of 30% performance they are estimates. This study aimed to det

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Salomón, Barrezueta-Unda, Condoy Gorotiza Alexander, and Sanchez Pilcorema Stalin. "Effect of biochar on the development of banana plants (Musa AAA) in farms with organic and conventional agriculture management." Enfoque UTE 13, no. 3 (2022): 29–44. https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.815.

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The use of biochar amendments in banana soils has inspired research with the aim of comparing the effects of a biochar obtained from cocoa pods on banana development. The work was carried out on two farms, one under an organic agriculture model (FO) and the other conventional (FC). The doses per treatment in each farm consisted of 10 g (T1), 30 g (T2) and 50 g (T3) of biochar + bioferment with Trichoderma spp.; 100 g of Si2O (FO) and 100 g of urea (FC) were added to this mixture. All treatments were applied to the soil in front of the son. The highest values for plant height were 217.8 cm (FO,

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Hayata, Hayata, and Selly Febrina. "PENGARUH JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DI DESA BETUNG KECAMATAN KUMPEH." Jurnal Media Pertanian 4, no. 2 (2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v4i2.87.

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Arrangement of planting spacing with a certain density aims to give a plant area for each grow well. Planting spacing will affect its density and efficiency useness of light, water and nutrients using competition among the plants so finally it will affect its production. This study purposed to determine the productivity of cocoa plants at different planting space. The research had been carried out in the community cocoa farming in Betung Village, Kumpeh Muaro Jambi District, Jambi Province, in March - April 2019. Cacao on Ten-year-old Lindak varieties were planted in a farm with plant spacing

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Olabisi, Akinduro, Asaniyan Kehinde, Osunkeye Jacob, Fakolade Olusola, and Adeosun Mojijolajesu. "Haematology and serum biochemistry of pigs fed grower feed fortified with cocoa (Theobroma cacao) seed testa." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 67, no. 4 (2022): 381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2204381o.

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The on-farm attempt to cut down feed costs through bulk fortification of standard animal feed with available cheap conventional feed ingredients or wastes had been a normal practice without a known empirical impact on livestock health and wellbeing. Therefore, this study determined the haematological parameters and serum biochemistry of pigs fed cocoa (Theobroma cacao) seed testa at varying inclusion levels in the formulated standard grower pig feed; T1:0% CST, T2:25% CST, T3:50% CST, T4:75% CST and T5:100% CST. Thirty (30) 8-week-old pigs were randomly assigned to the five treatments of six p

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Ayamba, Benedicta E., Robert C. Abaidoo, Andrews Opoku, and Nana Ewusi-Mensah. "Enhancing the Fertilizer Value of Cattle Manure Using Organic Resources for Soil Fertility Improvement: A Review." Journal of Bioresource Management 8, no. 3 (2021): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35691/jbm.1202.0198.

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The poor quality of cow dung in Ghana resulting from the opportunistic feeding mode of cattle impedes its adoption due to high quantities needed for application. This calls for nutrient optimization of cattle manure with inexpensive locally available sources of organic inputs that could enhance its quality. Though large volumes of crop residues and other agro-wastes are produced on-farm, they are underutilized and mostly a nuisance. Major food crops take approximately, 44 %, 42 % and 56 % of the total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), respectively and are found in crop residues.

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M.O., Azeez, Adesanwo O.O., Awoyefa R., and Adediwura J.O. "Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Chemical and Structural Properties of Raw Agricultural Wastes." African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 6, no. 1 (2023): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajafs-yy75rsrk.

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This study was carried out to assess the effect of charring on chemical and structural properties of raw agricultural wastes at two different temperatures. The agricultural wastes (feather from the poultry unit, maize cob, maize stalk, bamboo, rice straw, cocoa pods, maize husk and used paper from offices) were collected from Teaching and Research Farm, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Ife excluding the used paper, which was collected from the Academic areas, OAU. The collected waste materials were air-dried, pulverized, ground, and sieved with 2 mm sieve separately. Bioc

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Suparno, Antonius. "The Effectiveness of AMF Inoculum to Enhance The Potency of Papuan Crandallite Phosphate Rock and The Growth of Cocoa Seedling." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 14, no. 3 (2009): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2009.v14i3.261-267.

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Phosphate rock fertilizer has slow solubility; therefore, it is suitable and more effective to be applied on annual crop plantation. To increase the solubility and the effectiveness of phosphate rock application, inoculation of the Arbuscular Mycorrhyzal Fungi (AMF) is required. Experiments were conducted at the Cikabayan Farm, Bogor Agriculture Institute, West Java. The objective was to study the effectiveness of AMF inoculation in increasing the potency of Papuan Crandallite Phosphate Rock to the growth of cocoa seedlings. A factorial experiment was set up in a complete randomized design. Th

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