Relevant bibliographies by topics / Codes and Code Enforcement

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Codes and Code Enforcement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

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Sutter, Daniel. "Public Sector Quality Assurance and Building Codes." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 27, no. 2 (October 1, 2009): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569209x15665367046633.

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Abstract Building codes have been stressed as a means to reduce losses from hurricanes, earthquakes and other natural hazards. Almost all U. S. states have adopted a building code, but codes must be enforced to actually strengthen the built environment. This paper explores the determinants of building code enforcement across states using ratings from the Insurance Services Office. Overall enforcement is not outstanding, as only five communities nationwide have the best rating of 1, and less than 7% have one of the three top ratings. Although stressed as a means to reduce natural hazards losses, enforcement is not better in states vulnerable to hurricanes and is actually lower in earthquake vulnerable states. Enforcement generally improves with a larger state and local government, while political corruption reduces enforcement. Building codes are better enforced in more urban states, consistent widi beneficial competition between local governments, while inequality does not significantly affect enforcement.
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Pavlakis, Alyssa, and Rachel Roegman. "How dress codes criminalize males and sexualize females of color." Phi Delta Kappan 100, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721718803572.

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School dress codes have been making news as students speak out about the ways the standards appear to them to be unfair, particularly to girls and Black males. Girls’ clothing choices are singled out for being overly revealing and a distraction to boys, while Black males’ choices are perceived as being associated with criminality. The authors surveyed students and interviewed teachers at a midwestern high school to better understand their perspectives on dress code enforcement. The survey found that Black and multiracial students were disproportionately likely to be “coded” (spoken to by a school adult) or disciplined for dress code violations.
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Imankulov, T. "Liquidation of the System for Prevention of Crimes and Administrative Offenses, Lack of Actual Compositions of Crimes as a Consequence of Action of the Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic no. 10 from January 1, 2019." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 294–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/69/34.

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The author, being a participant in the process of reforming the Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, offers his own ways out of the crisis situation in the field of combating crime in the Kyrgyz Republic, when due to the new Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on misconduct, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on violations of law enforcement agencies The Kyrgyz Republic turned out to be powerless in the face of crime, lost the opportunity to prevent crimes by means of administrative prejudice in the criminal law of the Kyrgyz Republic. The author, using specific examples of the articles of these codes, shows the destructive nature of these codes for the state and its institutions.
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Luna, Erik. "Principled Enforcement of Penal Codes." Buffalo Criminal Law Review 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2000): 515–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2000.4.1.515.

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May, Peter J., and Nancy Stark. "Design Professions and Earthquake Policy." Earthquake Spectra 8, no. 1 (February 1992): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585673.

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This article addresses the role of the design professions in enhancing seismic safety as evidenced by interviews with design professionals in the Pacific Northwest. Key policy issues of relevance to this discussion concern the role of codes and other regulatory efforts in influencing design practices. The findings indicate seismic design practices are driven by seismic codes and related norms of “good” engineering and seismic design. Economic and liability considerations constrain practices beyond those of code provisions. As a consequence, policy reforms for seismic risk reduction are highly dependent upon seismic code revision. Variation in seismic design practice is reduced through professional educational efforts, professional licensing and registration requirements, and code enforcement. These findings serve as qualified endorsement of the current federal “limited regulatory” strategy in working with private code-setting authorities to improve seismic code provisions. The qualifications concern the disjunctive impacts of the limited regulatory strategy.
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Wymeersch, E. "The Enforcement of Corporate Governance Codes." Journal of Corporate Law Studies 6, no. 1 (April 2006): 113–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14735970.2006.11419948.

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Koombaev, Abdish. "Problems of criminal liability and execution of certain types of criminal penalties under the new legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic." International penitentiary journal 2, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33463/2712-7737.2020.02(1-3).3.153-159.

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As part of measures to improve the justice system and the legal system in the Kyrgyz Republic, the President’s decree No. 147 (adopted on 08.08.2013) and the decisions of the Council on judicial reform established an expert working group to develop new criminal and civil laws. After four years of work, the new Code on offences, the Code of violations, the Penal Code and other “related” laws were adopted simultaneously with the new Criminal and Criminal-procedural Codes, which allows us to see the scale of changes in the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. In parallel, measures are being taken to reform the judicial system and law enforcement agencies. New codes have introduced rules and institutions that cannot be analyzed in detail in a single article. In addition, for almost a year and a half, training of practical employees of law enforcement agencies and courts has been organized for the full and high-quality implementation of these institutions and rules, automated systems, separate structures and services are being created, which are equipped with appropriate equipment and office equipment. For this reason, the author considers it premature to draw any conclusions about the effectiveness of the ongoing reforms, since technical errors and gaps in the new codes are still being corrected, regulatory legal acts are being brought into line, and new regulations and instructions are being developed. This article attempts to give a brief general description of the reform of the criminal law direction, primarily the norms related to criminal liability under the new legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic.
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O’Dwyer, Brendan, and Grainne Madden. "Ethical Codes of Conduct in Irish Companies: A Survey of Code Content and Enforcement Procedures." Journal of Business Ethics 63, no. 3 (February 2006): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-005-3967-x.

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Baranek, Devon, and Ethan Kinory. "Statewide Adoption of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct: A Review of Recent AICPA Disciplinary Actions." Accounting and Finance Research 9, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v9n1p16.

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This study reviews the AICPA disciplinary process and examines a recent sample of disciplinary actions taken against practitioners for ethics violations. Trends related to enforcement and disclosure of actions are inspected and additional details are provided based on state codes of conduct. We consider the effects of uniform statewide adoption of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct for CPAs, as recently encouraged by the AICPA and NASBA. We find 43% of state accounting boards have formally adopted the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct, 35% have not adopted the Code and 22% have partially adopted the Code. The three states with the highest number of disciplinary actions are New York, California and Texas, none of which have adopted the Code. Of the top ten states with the greatest number of enforcement actions, only two have formally adopted the Code. The most common type of investigation in the sample is an automatic disciplinary provision by the AICPA. Dispositions for violations appear to be getting more severe, with admonishments declining and settlements, terminations and suspensions taking its place.
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Bubb, Charles. "Earthquake engineering in Australia." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 32, no. 1 (March 31, 1999): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.32.1.13-20.

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Earthquake Engineering in Australia, as elsewhere, has been formatted in the aftermath of damaging earthquakes. The first Australian Code AS2121-1979 was written and published after the 1968 Meckering WA earthquake. The second AS1170.4 1993 was published after the 1989 Newcastle NSW earthquake. Good quality Building Codes are a necessary basis for sound earthquake resistant designs. Both implementation and enforcement of the codes and sound robust construction in the field are essential for the protection of life and infrastructure. Also essential is the preservation and upgrading of the earthquake database. A study to assist the safer operation of emergency services immediately following damaging earthquakes is proposed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

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Al-Fahad, Jasem Y. "Reform of building codes, regulations, administration and enforcement in Kuwait : within the legal, administrative, technical & social framework." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9883.

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The majority of building code development and implementation practices are normally connected with the progress of construction community changing awareness, needs and perspectives, advanced technology in construction and new level of knowledge. Unproven practices and the technology of building code development and implementation in case of insufficient and outdated codes, the use of unproven advanced codes of other countries, or the infringement of the existing codes, in most cases, could lead to a large number of shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare, and poor quality of buildings. Every aspect of a building code development and implementation practice could be influenced by insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations that could cause buildings failures. Generally, the success of a building code development and implementation practice is directly connected with the involved insufficiencies and infringements in the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social), i.e. faults of building code development and implementation should be successfully resolved in order to come to an end of a building project assuring code's objectives (public health, safety and general welfare). One of the early research problems of building code development and implementation practice was conducted by Productivity Commission (2004) where the research organized and categorized the causes of shortcomings of BC according to four main functions of building code, including legal, administrative, technical, and social functions. Productivity Commission Research had been the starting point of research problems of building codes in Kuwait. For the past 20 years, many researchers have high numbers of categories, components and rankings to explain different types of insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations. However, these categories and rankings produce inconsistent and overlapping cause and impact factors. In addition, researchers and practitioners at this point tend to focus on the technical and administrative sides related to the issues of building codes development and implementation, and neglecting the importance of legal and social sides. Legal issues like finding a law to prepare and enforce building codes, cover of insurance companies, building materials testing system, weak regulations related issues, building specifications, and clarity of regulation texts; as well as social issues like community awareness, issuing and enforcing legal court rules, deterrent punishments for violators, violations or cheatings in related issues, all of these were deemed not that critical by most reviewers. The research is specifically concerned with the insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations which cause shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare, and how related cause and impact factors are selected and organized. Existing research highlights the need for further researches of how to relate between research and building regulations that are at present. There is evidence that construction industries around the world have little experience in this area (CIB TG37, 2001). The proposal within this research is to address this aspect of the debate by seeking to clarify the role of the four functions of building code; legal, administrative, technical, and social function as a frame of reference that stakeholder parties (building officials, design and construction professionals) might agree with and which should act as the basis for the selection and formation of occurrences of cause factors, and their iv impact on public health, safety and general welfare. The focus on the four functions of building code as a fault (cause) frame of reference potentially leads to a common, practical view of the (multi) dimensionality setting of fault (cause) within which cause factors may be identified and which, we believe, could be grounded across a wide range of practices specifically in this research of building code development and implementation. The research surveyed and examined the opinions of building officials, design and construction professionals. We assess which fault (cause) factors are most likely to occur in building and construction projects; evaluate fault (cause) impact by assessing which fault (cause) factors that building officials, design and construction professionals specifically think are likely to arise in the possibility of shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare. The data obtained were processed, analyzed and ranked. By using the EXCEL and SPSS for factor analysis, all the fault (cause) factors were reduced and groups into clusters and components for further correlation analysis. The analysis was able to prove an opinion on fault (cause) likelihood, the impact of the fault (cause) on the objectives of building code. The analysis indicates that it is possible to identify grouping of insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations that is correspondent to the different parts of the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social) these suggest three identified groups when viewing cause from the likelihood occurrence and four identified groups and their impact for each building code objective. The evidence related to the impact of building code objectives, view of cause, and provides a stronger view of which components of cause were important compared with cause likelihood. The research accounts for the difference by suggesting that a more selection and formation of cause and impact, offered by viewing cause within the context of a framework of building code, and viewing impact within the context of building code objectives (public health, safety and general welfare) allows those involved in building code development and implementation to have an understandable view of the relationships within cause factors, and between cause and impact factors. It also allows the various cause components and the associated emergent clusters to be more readily identified. The contribution of the research relates to the assessment of cause within a construction that is defined in the context of a fairly broad accepted view of the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social). The fault (cause) likelihood construction is based on the building code framework proposed in this research and could facilitates a focus on roles and responsibilities, and allows the coordination and integration of activities for regular development and implementation with the building code goals. This contribution would better enable building officials and code writers to identify and manage faults (causes) as they emerge with BC aspects/parts and more closely reflect building and construction activities and processes and facilitate the fault (cause) administration exercise.
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Caldwell, Anita M. "Should Enforcement Provisions be Included in Newsroom Codes of Ethics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292172.

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Brown, Sara E. "Code enforcement, tax delinquency, and strategic management of problematic properties." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90090.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.
Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 129-137).
This thesis considers two interrelated sources of blight in cities: so-called "problem properties" (PP), or properties in poor physical condition where owners have stopped performing basic maintenance, and tax-delinquent properties (TDP), where owners have stopped paying their property taxes. It focuses on how cities can be more effective in addressing PP and TDP both "before" (through proactive prevention) and "after" (through correction/collection) they emerge. Fundamentally, it argues that cities should recognize the relationship between PP and TDP, which often constitute the same properties, but, more importantly, both can be "liened up" and taken through foreclosure if their owners are truly unresponsive. These liens can be established through unpaid code violation fines and receivership liens, as well as unpaid taxes. This approach is based on the premise that cities want to receive as few properties as possible through foreclosure, because of the costs associated with holding excess land and buildings, but also want to avoid the "worst of the worst" PP and TDP becoming a blight on neighborhoods. Thus, if owners are going to refuse to correct severe code violations and/or delinquency, cities want to transfer properties to responsible owners as quickly as possible. Recognizing the links between PP and TDP enables cities to switch from a reactive to proactive approach in treating blight. This thesis also discusses barriers to addressing PP and TDP. It suggests that cities treat them through comprehensive "enforcement pathways" targeted to specific property and owner types. In particular, owners are divided into three groups: cooperative, non-cooperative, and "missing in action." This segmentation methodology recognizes that different properties present different enforcement challenges and require different strategies to return them to productive use. In addition, this thesis examines the three collection methods available to cities: public collection, contracted third-party servicing, and privatized collection (tax lien sales), and addresses a major limiting factor on tax lien sales: their dependence on private market demand. Finally, it examines how cities can be more effective in managing and disposing of their property inventories. To guide property usage and disposition timing, it suggests that cities establish a central property inventory that includes critical land and building characteristics, a property potential reuse scoring system, and a market model that segments neighborhoods and identifies spatial and temporal "inflection points." It also recommends that cities not take a "one size fits all" approach to their entire inventory, but rather select the disposition method, -- sheriff's sale/auction, RFP, third-party transfer, or land banking, -- that is most appropriate for the property type, (sub)market condition, and desired outcome(s). Finally, it outlines strategies to overcome under-management of public assets, weak markets, and financing challenges. To support the discussion about how to best manage delinquency and disposition, it includes detailed case studies of Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston.
by Sara E. Brown.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
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Morrison, Alexandra. "The Influence of Ethical Code of Conduct Enforcement on Unethical Behavior." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/321884.

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Beets, S. Douglas. "Effectiveness of the complaint-based enforcement system of the AICPA Code of Professional Ethics." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82900.

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The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) is presently considering a proposal to revise the enforcement system of the Code of Professional Ethics from the current complaint-based mechanism to a system based on reviews of practitioners and their work. Inherent within the proposal is the conclusion that the existing enforcement provisions, based on complaints about violations, are not adequate. Complaints about ethics violations can originate from practically anyone although two of the primary initiators of violation complaints are Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) and their clients. CPAs, however, may have limited opportunities to observe violations committed by colleagues. Clients, on the other hand, may be in a prime position to detect departures from the ethics code but may have no incentive to report violations committed by their CPAs; e.g., a violation may benefit the client. A survey of these two groups (CPAs and clients) indicated that while both groups are familiar with the code and believe that the rules of conduct are appropriate, clients do not tend to report violations and CPAs, on average, indicated that they would report observed violations slightly more than one-half the time. These findings suggest that an enforcement system based solely on the complaints of CPAs and clients cannot be effective.
Ph. D.
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Wegmann, Jacob Anthony George. ""We Just Built It|" Code Enforcement, Local Politics, and the Informal Housing Market in Southeast Los Angeles County." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3708337.

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This dissertation is an exploration of the role of informality in the housing market in southeast Los Angeles County. While informality has long been the subject of scholarship in cases from the Global South, and increasingly in the United States, examinations of housing informality in the US thus far have largely been situated in rural and peri-urban areas. This work seeks to interrogate informality in housing processes unfolding within the very heart of northern North America's leading industrial metropolis.

After a brief preface, the dissertation's second chapter reviews literature on various aspects of informality and on Accessory Dwelling Units, or additions or conversions of living quarters on residential properties. Chapter 3 introduces the work's methodological pillars, and describes the four major, mixed methods relied upon. These are a survey of code enforcement officers; interviews and direct observation; and analyses of rental and property sales markets. Two other, minor, methods employed are an analysis of building footprints and the analysis of secondary data.

Chapter 4 introduces the single case used in the dissertation. This is a group of 14 communities, with a total population of 700,000, that are collectively referred to via the neologism City of Gateway. Next follows a historical overview of the area. Following a discussion of the 1965 Watts riots as a historical watershed, trends in the City of Gateway's economy and population that have driven a dramatic informalization of the housing stock since that time are examined.

Chapter 5 describes the physical expression of the informal housing market in the City of Gateway, in seven extralegal modes that involve either the conversion of existing space or the addition of new space, and the tactics used to effect them. Chapter 5 closes with a quantification and discussion of the consequences of the characteristic urban form produced by the informal housing market, horizontal density, which is the addition of density by more intensively covering lots with buildings rather than building upwards.

Chapter 6 describes the "nuts and bolts" of the informal housing market. It presents evidence that extralegal rentals are, on balance, generally (though not always) cheaper for their occupants than formal market alternatives. It examines presale ordinances that some cities have passed to try to disrupt the informal housing market by intervening in the sale of residential property. It discusses the important role of appraisers in providing or denying mortgage credit to current or would-be homeowners with extralegal space. An analysis of property sales transactions provides evidence that extralegal space does not appear to be capitalized in property values. Finally, the chapter discusses barriers imposed by the current US mortgage system to financing the construction of rentable space on residential properties.

Chapter 7 is an examination of the role played by code enforcement in shaping the informal housing market in the City of Gateway. Specifically, it examines how code enforcement departments allocate their time and effort given that there are far more potential enforcement actions than their capacity allows. The chapter presents arguments that code enforcement reshapes the informal housing market while failing to suppress it; that it is applied unevenly; and that it paradoxically helps maintain the informal order of the informal housing market.

Chapter 8 begins by arguing that issues related to informal housing, when they are discussed at all in the local political sphere, tend to be filtered through the reductive frame of law and order. The chapter presents reasons for this state of affairs, both ones specific to the City of Gateway and others that are more general and potentially applicable to other places in the US. Chapter 8 closes with a summary of high-profile local debates in which informal housing's influence is considerable but rarely acknowledged: fair share housing, water and sewer utility capacity, parking, and school crowding.

The conclusion, Chapter 9, begins by assessing the positive and negative attributes of the informal housing system. A normative judgment is made that the former outweigh the latter, although the drawbacks are considerable and in need of urgent attention. A multiscalar palette of policy interventions intended to usefully and justly intervene in the informal housing system is put forth. Many of these are within the ambit of local government, but action in other spheres—in state and even federal government, and within the housing NGO sector—is needed. Next, lessons for advocates, policymakers, and researchers drawn from the broader implications of this dissertation are presented. After that follows a speculative discussion about the role of culture in comparison with economic necessity in driving the informal housing market in the City of Gateway. Next, informed speculation about the future of the City of Gateway's housing market is presented. The dissertation closes with a discussion of these trends' implications for the City of Gateway's continued existence as that increasingly rare of type of place, a working class enclave in the heart of a vast global metropolis.

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Pamborides, George Pan. "The impact of public international law on private shipping law : the effect of the modern international legislative and enforcement practices on certain principles of maritime law." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264650.

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Martori, Adrian Jordi. "Probabilistic Models of Partial Order Enforcement in Distributed Systems." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0040/document.

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Les systèmes distribués ont réussi à étendre la technologie de l’information à un public plus large, en termes d’emplacement et de nombre. Cependant, ces systèmes géo-répliqués doivent être évolutifs afin de répondre aux demandes toujours croissantes. De plus, le système doit pouvoir traiter les messages dans un ordre équivalent à celui de leur création afin d’éviter des effets indésirables. L’exécution suivant des ordres partiels fournit un ordonnancement d’événements que tous les nœuds suivront, ce qui permet donc le traitement des messages dans un ordre adéquat. Un système qui applique un ordre partiel simplifie le développement des applications distribuées et s’assure que l’utilisateur final n’observera pas des comportements défiant la causalité. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons des modèles statistiques pour différentes contraintes d’ordre partiel, en utilisant différentes distributions de modèles de latence. Étant donné un modèle de latence, qui donne le temps qu’il faut pour qu’un message passe d’un nœud à un autre, notre modèle s’appuie sur lui pour donner le temps supplémentaire qu’il faut pour appliquer un ordre partiel spécifique. Nous avons proposé les modèles suivants. Tout d’abord, dans une communication entre un et plusieurs nœuds, la probabilité que le message soit délivré dans tous les nœuds avant un temps donné. Deuxièmement, après la réception d’un message, la probabilité que tous les autres nœuds aient exécuté ce message avant temps donné. Troisièmement, dans une communication de un à plusieurs nœuds, la probabilité que le message soit arrivé à au moins un sous-ensemble d’entre eux avant un temps donné. Quatrièmement, l’ordre FIFO ou causal qui détermine si un message est prêt à être livré, dans un nœud ou plusieurs. Tout cela favorise la compréhension du comportement des systèmes distribués en présence d’ordres partiels. En outre, en utilisant cette connaissance, nous avons construit un algorithme qui utilise ces modèles de comportement du réseau pour établir un système de livraison causal fiable. Afin de valider nos modèles, nous avons développé un outil de simulation qui permet d’exécuter des scénarios adaptés à nos besoins. Nous pouvons définir les différents paramètres du modèle de latence, le nombre de clients et les charges de travail des clients. Cette simulation nous permet de comparer les valeurs générées de façon aléatoire pour chaque configuration spécifique avec les résultats prévus de notre modèle. Une des applications qui peuvent tirer profit de notre modèle, est un algorithme de livraison causale fiable. Il utilise l’information causale pour détecter les éléments manquants et réduit le besoin d’acquittement de message en contactant d’autres répliques seulement lorsque le message est supposé manquant. Cette information est fournie par notre modèle, qui définit les temporisateurs d’attente en fonction des statistiques du réseau et de la consommation des ressources. Enfin, cette application a été testée dans le même simulateur que les modèles, avec des résultats prometteurs, puis évaluée dans une expérience réelle utilisant Amazon EC2 comme plate-forme
Distributed systems have managed to extend technology to a broader audience, in both terms of location and numbers. However these geo-replicated systems need to be scalable in order to meet the ever growing demands. Moreover, the system has to be able to process messages in an equivalent order that they were created to avoid unwanted side effects. Partial order enforcement provides an ordering of events that all nodes will follow therefore processing the messages in an adequate order. A system that enforces a partial order simplifies the challenge of developing distributed applications, and ensures that the end-user will not observe causality defying behaviors. In this thesis we present models for different partial order enforcements, using different latency model distributions. While a latency model, which yields the time it takes for a message to go from one node to another, our model builds on it to give the additional time that it takes to enforce a given partial order. We have proposed the following models. First, in a one to many nodes communication, the probability for the message to be delivered in all the nodes before a given time. Second, in a one to many nodes communication from the receivers, the probability that all the other nodes have delivered the message after a given time of him receiving it. Third, in a one to many nodes communication, the probability that the message has arrived to at least a subset of them before a given time. Fourth, applying either FIFO or Causal ordering determining if a message is ready for being delivered, in one node or many. All of this furthers the understanding of how distributed systems with partial orders behave. Furthermore using this knowledge we have built an algorithm that uses the insight of network behavior to provide a reliable causal delivery system. In order to validate our models, we developed a simulation tool that allows to run scenarios tailored to our needs. We can define the different parameters of the latency model, the number of clients, and the clients workloads. This simulation allows us to compare the randomly generated values for each specific configuration with the predicted outcome from our model. One of the applications that can take advantage of our model, is a reliable causal delivery algorithm. It uses causal information to detect missing elements and removes the need of message acknowledgment by contacting other replicas only when the message is assumed missing. This information is provided by our model, that defines waiting timers according to the network statistics and resource consumption. Finally this application has been both tested in the same simulator as the models, with promising results, and then evaluated in a real-life experiment using Amazon EC2 for the platform
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Hadravová, Andrea. "Pojetí exekutorských služeb v České republice a jejich porovnání s vybranými státy EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359903.

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Since 2001, the legislation on enforcement has been fundamentally changed, on 1st 2001, Act No. 120/2001 Coll., Executors and Enforcement Activities (Enforcement Code) entered into force. The creditor has thus been given the opportunity to decide how recover his claim. Until then, his only possibility for recovering claims was through the court, but since this date he could acquire his rights through the services of a distrainer. In 2012, this duality was abolished and is executed in most cases by private distrainer. He carries out his activity for reward, which results in his status as an entrepreneur. And his reward has been a thorny issue since 2001, when the profession came into our systhem. The issue of this topic is also evidenced by the parliamentary bill, which tries to regulate to reduce the distrainer`s tariff. The thesis compares the current situation in the Czech Republic with selected states. For purposes of this thesis, I chose Germany, because there is recovery of debts through a state employee, France because this system is one of the oldest and served as a model for many states and Slovakia, for reasons of common history and amendment that came into force in April this year. The aim of the thesis is to map the situation in selected states, to find possible deviations and sources of inspiration for the system of executive services in the territory of the Czech Republic.
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Reece, Kristie M. "Fighting Urban Blight through Community Engagement and GIS." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1544810680015951.

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Books on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

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Pane, Michael A. State and local government codes: Strategies for local enforcement. [Trenton, N.J.]: State of New Jersey, County and Municipal Government Study Commission, 1990.

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Rowan-Robinson, Jeremy. Crime and regulation: A study of the enforcement of regulatory codes. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1990.

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Service, Washington Energy Extension. Energy codes enforcement training manual: Evaluating energy efficient construction for building department personnel. Olympia, WA: Washington State Energy Office, 1988.

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Office, Washington State Energy. Energy codes enforcement training manual: Evaluating energy efficient construction for building department personnel. 2nd ed. Olympia, WA: Washington State Energy Office., 1987.

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Division, Montana Legislative Audit. Administration and enforcement of state building codes in Montana, Department of Commerce: Performance audit. Helena, MT: The Division, 1997.

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Underground codes: Race, crime, and related fires. New York: New York University Press, 2004.

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Tunnell, James E. Latest intelligence: An international directory of codes used by government, law enforcement, military, and surveillance agencies. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Books, 1990.

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New, Jersey Legislature General Assembly Housing Committee Task Force on Uniform Construction Code Fire Safety and Housing Code Enforcement and Fees. Meeting of the Task Force on Uniform Construction Code, Fire Safety, and Housing Code Enforcement and Fees: To solicit the business community's public input on how these codes, regulations, and fee structures impact on their business operations. [Trenton, N.J: The Task Force, 1993.

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Peter, Adolf. CSR and Codes of Business Ethics in the USA, Austria (EU) and China and their Enforcement in International Supply Chain Arbitrations. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6073-0.

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Nozdrachev, Aleksandr, Mariya Vasil'eva, Elena Galinovskaya, Dmitriy Gorohov, Sergey Zyryanov, Anastasiya Kalmykova, Nikolay Kichigin, Mihail Ponomarev, Dmitriy Sivakov, and Yuliya Shuplecova. Commentary to Chapter 8 of the Code of the Russian Federation about administrative offenses from December 30, 2001 № 195-FZ "Administrative offense in the sphere of environment protection and natural resources" (article by article). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1080399.

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The commentary discusses the features of application of measures of administrative responsibility for different types of offenses in the field of environmental protection, as well as in various fields of environmental management. Special attention is paid to the analysis of criteria of differentiation of the components of administrative offences and related criminal offences under the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. Taking into account all the changes and additions made to Chapter 8 of the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offences as of November 1, 2019, are examples of administrative and judicial enforcement, as well as a synthesis and recommendations contained in the resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. For practitioners - judges, prosecutors, environmental agencies, leading proceedings for environmental offences, the police and other law enforcement agencies, attorneys, and administrative staff of business structures, experts of self-regulating organisations, academics, teachers, graduate students, undergraduates and law students and faculties.
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Book chapters on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

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Islam, Nayeem, and David Espinosa. "Security Policy Enforcement for Downloaded Code." In Next Generation Mobile Systems 3G and Beyond, 345–58. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470091533.ch12.

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Avenarius, Horst, and Günter Bentele. "German Experiences with Codes and their Enforcement." In Nachdenken über Public Relations, 107–26. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23613-7_14.

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Worrall, John L., Andrew P. Wheeler, and Justine Medrano. "Community Prosecution Code Enforcement in Dallas, Texas." In The Evolving Role of the Public Prosecutor, 188–202. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019. | Series: Directions and developments in criminal justice and law; 3: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429467547-13.

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Waye, Vicki. "Enforcement of a Global Code of Conduct on TNC’s Operations." In Code of Conduct on Transnational Corporations, 131–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10816-8_7.

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Lin, Yan, Xiaoxiao Tang, Debin Gao, and Jianming Fu. "Control Flow Integrity Enforcement with Dynamic Code Optimization." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 366–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45871-7_22.

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Lin, Yan. "Control-Flow Integrity Enforcement with Dynamic Code Optimization." In Information Security and Cryptography, 77–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73141-0_5.

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Hirschland, Matthew J. "Private Supply Chain Management—Code Making and Enforcement Networks." In Corporate Social Responsibility and the Shaping of Global Public Policy, 114–40. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230601772_6.

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Pirzadeh, Heidar, Danny Dubé, and Abdelwahab Hamou-Lhadj. "An Extended Proof-Carrying Code Framework for Security Enforcement." In Transactions on Computational Science XI, 249–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17697-5_13.

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Peter, Adolf. "Codes of Ethics and CSR in China." In CSR and Codes of Business Ethics in the USA, Austria (EU) and China and their Enforcement in International Supply Chain Arbitrations, 101–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6073-0_5.

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Peter, Adolf. "Codes of Ethics and CSR in Austria." In CSR and Codes of Business Ethics in the USA, Austria (EU) and China and their Enforcement in International Supply Chain Arbitrations, 57–100. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6073-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

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Ganapathy, V., T. Jaeger, and S. Jha. "Retrofitting legacy code for authorization policy enforcement." In 2006 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sp.2006.34.

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Najafabadi, Mahdi M., Megan Sutherland, Meghan Cook, and Derek Werthmuller. "Revitalizing the capital district leveraging a regional code enforcement repository." In dg.o 2013: 14th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2479724.2479770.

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Sun, Chen, Jinglei Ren, Xiaojuan Zheng, Yonglong Wei, and Xudong Zheng. "JVMTI-based Model Enforcement on Java Platform for Model-Carrying Code." In Applications (ICUT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icut.2009.5405715.

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Hou, Daqing. "SCL: Static Enforcement and Exploration of Developer Intent in Source Code." In 29th International Conference on Software Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsecompanion.2007.62.

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Erdweg, Sebastian, Vlad Vergu, Mira Mezini, and Eelco Visser. "Modular specification and dynamic enforcement of syntactic language constraints when generating code." In MODULARITY '14: 13th International Conference on Modularity. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2577080.2577089.

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Haziq, Daryoosh, and Morisako Kiyotaka. "Afghanistan Building Codes (ABC): Focused on Comparative Analysis and the Viability of Enforcement." In AEI 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480502.013.

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Engram, Shamaria, and Jay Ligatti. "Through the Lens of Code Granularity: A Unified Approach to Security Policy Enforcement." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Application, Information and Network Security (AINS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ains50155.2020.9315145.

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Alexandrova, Anna Sergeevna, and Roman Vladimirovich Vasilyev. "THE PROBLEM OF CORRELATION OF ARTICLES 275 AND 276 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." In VI Международная научно-практическая конференция "Научные исследования и инновации". KDU, Moscow, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31453/kdu.ru.978-5-7913-1173-3-2021-51-53.

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the article is devoted to the problem of the correlation of crimes provided for in Articles 275 and 276 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation ("High treason" and "Espionage"). Some inaccuracies were identified when distinguishing the components of these criminal acts. The law enforcement practice was also studied. Proposals were made to introduce some changes to the current criminal legislation of the Russian Federation.
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Parkinson, Brian. "Regulatory Matters: International and National Regulations and Their Enforcement, Industry Guidelines and Voluntary Codes of Practice." In Recycling of Ships and Other Marine Structures. RINA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.rcy.2005.02.

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Kurihara, Mikio, Masahiro Aoki, Yu Maruyama, Kiyosi Takasaka, Shigetada Nakajo, Zenichi Ogiso, and Yukinori Goto. "Reformation of Regulatory Technical Standards for Nuclear Power Generation Equipments in Japan." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89707.

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Comprehensive reformation of the regulatory system has been introduced in Japan in order to apply recent technical progress in a timely manner. “The Technical Standards for Nuclear Power Generation Equipments”, known as the Ordinance No.622) of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, which is used for detailed design, construction and operating stage of Nuclear Power Plants, was being modified to performance specifications with the consensus codes and standards being used as prescriptive specifications, in order to facilitate prompt review of the Ordinance with response to technological innovation. The activities on modification were performed by the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA), the regulatory body in Japan, with support of the Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization (JNES), a technical support organization. The revised Ordinance No.62 was issued on July 1, 2005 and is enforced from January 1 2006. During the period from the issuance to the enforcement, JNES carried out to prepare enforceable regulatory guide which complies with each provisions of the Ordinance No.62, and also made technical assessment to endorse the applicability of consensus codes and standards, in response to NISA’s request. Some consensus codes and standards were re-assessed since they were already used in regulatory review of the construction plan submitted by licensee. Other consensus codes and standards were newly assessed for endorsement. In case that proper consensus code or standards were not prepared, details of regulatory requirements were described in the regulatory guide as immediate measures. At the same time, appropriate standards developing bodies were requested to prepare those consensus code or standards. Supplementary note which provides background information on the modification, applicable examples etc. was prepared for convenience to the users of the Ordinance No. 62. This paper shows the activities on modification and the results, following the NISA’s presentation at ICONE-13 that introduced the framework of the performance specifications and the modification process of the Ordinance NO. 62.
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Reports on the topic "Codes and Code Enforcement"

1

Conover, D. R. Energy standards and model codes development, adoption, implementation, and enforcement. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182629.

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Yu, Sha, Meredydd Evans, Pradeep Kumar, Laura Van Wie, and Vatsal Bhatt. Using Third-Party Inspectors in Building Energy Codes Enforcement in India. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1063732.

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Callaway, J. W., A. G. Thurman, and D. L. Shankle. Adoption, implementation and enforcement of commercial building energy codes in New Mexico and Arizona. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5571605.

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Vine, E. Building Code Compliance and Enforcement: The Experience of SanFrancisco's Residential Energy Conservation Ordinanace and California'sBuildign Standards for New Construction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/908155.

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Macula, Anthony, and Morgan Bishop. Superimposed Code Theoretic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada477311.

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Buck, J. W., and G. L. Andrews. Hanford Meteorological Station computer codes: Volume 1, The GEN computer code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6330253.

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Buck, J. W., and G. L. Andrews. Hanford Meteorological Station computer codes: Volume 5, The TOWER computer code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6084593.

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Andrews, G. L., and J. W. Buck. Hanford Meteorological Station computer codes: Volume 2, The PROD computer code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6182392.

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Buck, J. W., and G. L. Andrews. Hanford Meteorological Station computer codes: Volume 3, The TANK computer code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6111523.

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Andrews, G. L., and J. W. Buck. Hanford Meteorological Station computer codes: Volume 7, The RIVER computer code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5211935.

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