Academic literature on the topic 'Codes (symbols)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Esling, John H., and Harry Gaylord. "Computer Codes for Phonetic Symbols." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23, no. 2 (1993): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300004898.

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The process of assigning computer codes to phonetic symbols began when the 1989 Kiel Convention of the International Phonetic Association was called to revise the Association's alphabet. The Workgroup on Computer Coding formed at that time had the task of determining how to represent the IPA alphabet numerically, and of developing a set of numbers referring to IPA symbols unambiguously. This involved assembling phoneticians who work with computer representations of phonetic symbols, and communicating with specialists in computer coding to gauge the fit between the phonetician's perspective on
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Lei, Guo Wei, Yuan An Liu, and Xue Fang Xiao. "Threaded Space Time Code Design for CPM with Joint Decoding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 847–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.847.

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In the letter, a system of continuous phase modulation (CPM) with threaded space time codes (TSTC) is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output systems. In the system, source bits are coded via outer coder of Reed Solomon (RS). The codeword of which is suitable for TSTC design. Then inner coder mainly converts binary symbols into M-ary symbols for purpose of CPM. At receiver, Joint soft decoding approach is considered. Finally simulation results are provided for VBLAST, DBLAST, and TSTC as comparison.
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Zhang, Tao, Lin Xiao, Dingcheng Yang, and Laurie Cuthbert. "Optimal Pricing for MDS-Coded Caching in Wireless D2D Networks." Mobile Information Systems 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6542601.

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In this paper, we investigate the caching of files in mobile devices in a wireless D2D network using maximum distance separable (MDS) codes. The coded symbols of each file are stored in the mobile devices. To regulate the D2D communications and reduce the transmission cost among mobile devices, a price mechanism is used for D2D communications so that they are allowed to choose whether to transmit the requested coded symbol to the other device or not. The mobile device can cooperate with others in terms of the battery level and the reward that is given from the other device. If the mobile devic
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Lu, Yanbo, Xinji Liu, and Shutao Xia. "On the Single-Parity Locally Repairable Codes with Multiple Repairable Groups." Information 9, no. 11 (2018): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info9110265.

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Locally repairable codes (LRCs) are a new family of erasure codes used in distributed storage systems which have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. For an [ n , k , d ] linear code, if a code symbol can be repaired by t disjoint groups of other code symbols, where each group contains at most r code symbols, it is said to have availability- ( r , t ) . Single-parity LRCs are LRCs with a constraint that each repairable group contains exactly one parity symbol. For an [ n , k , d ] single-parity LRC with availability- ( r , t ) for the information symbols (single-parity LRCs), th
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Esling, John H. "7.1 Computer coding of IPA symbols and 7.3 Detailed phonetic representation of computer data bases." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 18, no. 2 (1988): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300003704.

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Several systems have been developed to produce the complete inventory of IPA symbols in computer-coded form. Each has its own detail of coding, with a common core (albeit fairly small) of phonetically or graphemically logical key and ASCII assignments that can be identified across systems. Variation in the assignment of symbols to codes and keystroke locations is the result of different configurations of input device and of output device, and of differences in local convention and ease of character entry, of immediate needs in the transcription task, and of project objectives. The two major ca
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Lee, Kang-Seok, Hosung Park, and Jong-Seon No. "New Binary Locally Repairable Codes with Locality 2 and Uneven Availabilities for Hot Data." Entropy 20, no. 9 (2018): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20090636.

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In this paper, a new family of binary LRCs (BLRCs) with locality 2 and uneven availabilities for hot data is proposed, which has a high information symbol availability and low parity symbol availabilities for the local repair of distributed storage systems. The local repair of each information symbol for the proposed codes can be done not by accessing other information symbols but only by accessing parity symbols. The proposed BLRCs with k = 4 achieve the optimality on the information length for their given code length, minimum Hamming distance, locality, and availability in terms of the well-
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Das, Pankaj Kumar, and Subodh Kumar. "Blockwise and Low Density Key Error Correcting Codes." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 5, no. 6 (2020): 1234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2020.5.6.092.

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To protect the information from disturbances created by noisy channels, redundant symbols (called check symbols) with the information symbols are added. These extra symbols play important role for the efficiency of the communication system. It is always important to know how much these check symbols are required for a code designed for a specific purpose. In this communication, we give lower and upper bounds on check symbols needed to a linear code correcting key errors of length upto p which are confined to a single sub-block. We provide two examples of such linear codes. We, further, obtain
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Efanov, Dmitriy, Maksim Timoshenkov, Leonid Sivachenko, and Igor' Leskovec. "Research of Two-Modulus Weighted Codes with Summation Involving Arbitrary Partitions of Several Data Symbols." Transport automation research 9, no. 4 (2023): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2023-9-04-377-389.

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A method has been proposed for constructing two-modulus sum codes that are suitable for solving the synthesis problems of self-checking digital computing devices and systems, as well as the technical means of their diagnostics. In the process of constructing a code, a set of data symbols is divided into two subsets, forming separate vectors for which the total weight is calculated according to a predetermined modulus. Beforehand, in each of the selected vectors, one of the data symbols is weighted with a coefficient from a natural series. Codes obtained with different values of weight coeffici
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Li, Tong, Cheng Lin Miao, and Jun Lv. "An Improved Algorithm of RS Codes Blind Recognition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2308.

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The acquisition of information about channel coding sequences is the research emphasis and difficulties at present, and recognizing the channel coding parameters is the prerequisite for information acquisition. RS Codes are a class of linear block codes as well as a special class of BCH Codes and cyclic codes. It regards a group of symbols with a length of n as a unit to process with, and the n symbols are generated by k transmitting information symbols under some proper associated rules. RS Codes are widely used in various communication systems. In this paper, an algorithm of RS Codes blind r
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Bozhko, Tetiana. "Sign and Symbolic Systems as Cultural Codes: Recognition and Interaction of Symbols." Demiurge: Ideas, Technologies, Perspectives of Design 5, no. 2 (2022): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2617-7951.5.2.2022.266900.

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The purpose of the study is to reveal the patterns of pictorial coding and the formation of symbolic images and visual systems based on them in propaganda graphics during the war between russia and Ukraine. Research methods. The methodology of the research is based on semantic and structural art analysis. The scientific novelty of the research is the reflecting of the spectrum of iconic and symbolic images, which represent the accuracy of coding socio-historical events and the clarity of their fixation in visual communications; and also – detection of differentiation of standard and innovative
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Singhal, Rohit. "Multiple symbol decoding of differential space-time codes." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/344.

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Multiple-symbol detection of space-time differential codes (MS-STDC) decodes N consecutive space-time symbols using maximum likelihood (ML) sequence detection to gain in performance over the conventional differential detection scheme. However its computational complexity is exponential in N . A fast algorithm for implementing the MD-STDC in block-fading channels with complexity O(N 4) is developed. Its performance in both block-fading and symbol-by-symbol fading channels is demonstrated through simulations. Set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) coupled with rate compatible punctured
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Abelló, Barberán Albert. "Turbo égalisation à haute performance pour la transmission par satellite au-delà de la cadence de Nyquist." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0025/document.

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Le contexte de ces travaux de thèse est la transmission dite faster-than-Nyquist (FTN). Cette technique propose d’augmenter l’efficacité spectrale en augmentant lerythme de transmission au-delà de la bande occupée par le signal émis, indépendamment de laconstellation choisie. Il a été montré que le FTN offre des taux d’information supérieurs à ceuxdes systèmes de Nyquist. Toutefois, le non respect du critère de Nyquist entraîne l’apparitiond’interférence entre symboles et des techniques de réception appropriées doivent être utilisées.La technique de réception dite channel shortening consiste à
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Alder, Frank A. "Symbol assignment and performance of simplex signaling in high dimensional trellis-coded modulation." Ohio : Ohio University, 1998. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1177008035.

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Kalgaonkar, Kaustubh. "Pilot symbol design for multiuser CDMA systems." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5809.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (June 30, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Tong, Deborah Grace. "Codes of power : Dimensional semiotics and photonic perspectives." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/MQ55009.pdf.

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Rönn, Mattias. "Symvex : A Symbolic Execution System for Machine Code." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-124181.

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This thesis is a part of an ongoing research project at Link ̈oping University. The goal of the thesis work is to design and implement a prototype for a symbolic execution system that scales well with larger programs and is capable of performing symbolic execution on machine code. For this reason we have analyzed the current state of symbolic executors that are able to perform symbolic execution on machine code to see if we could use that implementation as base for our prototype. We wanted to know if any of the existing systems scaled well with large software. We found that neither of the exis
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Collingbourne, Peter Cyrus. "Symbolic crosschecking of data-parallel floating point code." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10936.

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In this thesis we present a symbolic execution-based technique for cross-checking programs accelerated using SIMD or OpenCL against an unaccelerated version, as well as a technique for detecting data races in OpenCL programs. Our techniques are implemented in KLEE-CL, a symbolic execution engine based on KLEE that supports symbolic reasoning on the equivalence between expressions involving both integer and floating-point operations. While the current generation of constraint solvers provide good support for integer arithmetic, there is little support available for floating-point arithmetic, du
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Moukaled, Sina. "(الرموز الدلالية عند أنسي الحاج وجورج جرداق (أعلام بين الصحافة والأدب". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF004.

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Cette thèse porte sur les codes sémantiques chez Ounsi el-Hajj et Georges Jurdaq en comparant leurs écrits entre le journalisme et la littérature. La thèse traite le rôle de la presse dans la propagation du symbole et du symbolisme dans le mouvement de la littérature. Ounsi el-Hajj et Georges Jurdaq se sont servi et ont profité de la presse pour pouvoir investir les symboles dans leurs essais. Ces symboles deviennent des moyens pour exprimer des intentions de traiter l’histoire, la religion, le mythe et le patrimoine. La thèse aborde les symboles et leurs significations chez les deux écrivains
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Liew, Daniel Simon. "Symbolic execution of verification languages and floating-point code." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/59705.

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The focus of this thesis is a program analysis technique named symbolic execution. We present three main contributions to this field. First, an investigation into comparing several state-of-the-art program analysis tools at the level of an intermediate verification language over a large set of benchmarks, and improvements to the state-of-the-art of symbolic execution for this language. This is explored via a new tool, Symbooglix, that operates on the Boogie intermediate verification language. Second, an investigation into performing symbolic execution of floating-point programs via a standardi
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García, Herrero Francisco Miguel. "Architectures for soft-decision decoding of non-binary codes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33753.

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En esta tesis se estudia el dise¿no de decodificadores no-binarios para la correcci'on de errores en sistemas de comunicaci'on modernos de alta velocidad. El objetivo es proponer soluciones de baja complejidad para los algoritmos de decodificaci'on basados en los c'odigos de comprobaci'on de paridad de baja densidad no-binarios (NB-LDPC) y en los c'odigos Reed-Solomon, con la finalidad de implementar arquitecturas hardware eficientes. En la primera parte de la tesis se analizan los cuellos de botella existentes en los algoritmos y en las arquitecturas de decodificadores NB-LDPC y se pro
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Books on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Hovanec, Helene. Doubletalk: Codes, signs & symbols. Bantam Books, 1993.

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Arlene, Billings, ed. Supernatural signs, symbols, and codes. Rosen Pub., 2012.

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Hovanec, Helene. Doubletalk: Codes, signs and symbols. Bantam, 1994.

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ill, Weidner Bea, ed. Symbols of God's love: Codes and passwords. Geneva Press, 1986.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. The binary weight distribution of the extended (2[superscript m], 2[superscript m]-4) code of Reed-Solomon code over GF(2[superscript m]) with generator polynomial (x-[alpha])(x-[alpha]²)(x-[alpha]³): Technical report to NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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Karg, Barbara. Secret America: The hidden symbols, codes and mysteries of the United States. Adams Media, 2010.

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Nelly, Andrieux-Reix, Puech Christian, and Branca-Rosoff Sonia, eds. Ecritures abrégées: Notes, notules, messages, codes-- : l'abréviation entre pratiques spontanées, codifications, modernité et histoire. Ophrys, 2004.

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Book Industry Study Group. Distribution Committee. Guidelines for shipping container codes and symbols for the U.S. book industry: Recommendations to the publishing industry. Book Industry Study Group, 1993.

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Book Industry Study Group. Distribution Committee. Guidelines for shipping container codes and symbols for the U.S. book industry: Recommendations to the publishing industry. The Group, 1989.

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1943-, Lunde Paul, ed. The book of codes: Understanding the world of hidden messages : an illustrated guide to signs, symbols, ciphers, and secret languages. University of California Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Hawkridge, David. "Symbols, Codes, Languages and Modes." In New Information Technology in Education. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003312826-4.

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Bi, Dongsheng, Michael W. Hoffman, and Khalid Sayood. "Arithmetic Codes with Forbidden Symbols." In Joint Source Channel Coding Using Arithmetic Codes. Springer International Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01675-2_3.

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Pittock, Murray. "Sedition, Symbols, Colours, Cant and Codes." In Material Culture and Sedition, 1688–1760. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137278098_3.

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Kühn, Michael. "List of Symbols, Minerals, and Numerical Codes." In Reactive Flow Modeling of Hydrothermal Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39678-9_9.

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Thielen, Michael. "Appendix: Formula Symbols, Abbreviations, and Short Codes." In Extrusion Blow Molding. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569908419.006.

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Djurdjevic, Ivana, Jun Xu, Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar, and Shu Lin. "A Class of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes Constructed Based on Reed-Solomon Codes with Two Information Symbols." In Applied Algebra, Algebraic Algorithms and Error-Correcting Codes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44828-4_12.

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Yao, Fu, and Xiong Lei. "Construction Approach for LT Codes with Identical Degree Distribution of Information Symbols." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25188-7_55.

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Walrand, Jean. "Digital Link—A." In Probability in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49995-2_7.

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AbstractIn a digital link, a transmitter converts bits into signals and a receiver converts the signals it receives into bits. The receiver faces a decision problem that we study in Sect. 7.1. The main tool is Bayes’ Rule. The key notions are maximum a posteriori and maximum likelihood estimates. Transmission systems use codes to reduce the number of bits they need to transmit. Section 7.2 explains the Huffman codes that minimize the expected number of bits needed to transmit symbols; the idea is to use fewer bits for more likely symbols. Section 7.3 explores a commonly used model of a communi
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Beltzer, Abraham I. "Symbolic Manipulation Codes." In Variational and Finite Element Methods. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83914-6_1.

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Yang, Yang. "Terms and Symbols." In Technical Code for Monitoring of Building Structures. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1049-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Ibrahim, Mohamed, Zishen Wan, Haitong Li, et al. "Special Session: Neuro-Symbolic Architecture Meets Large Language Models: A Memory-Centric Perspective." In 2024 International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/codes-isss60120.2024.00012.

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Dong, Hanzhang. "Analyzing the symbolic significance of Angelopoulos’ films from the perspective of semiotics." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2024) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004522.

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Symbolic communication is an interdisciplinary field that investigates the meaning and function of symbols in the communication process. Within the framework of symbolic communication studies, symbols are seen as tools individuals employ to convey meanings and values. As a crucial cultural artifact and visual medium, film combines various symbolic elements—including imagery, sound, and plot—to create a distinctive and intricate symbolic system, thus conveying specific meanings through symbol construction. In the films of Angelopoulos, the allure of “symbolic symbolism” is reflected through flo
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Tuntoolavest, Usana, Chayanon Athanan, and Koravit Panwong. "Message Passing-Vector Symbol Decoding for LDPC Codes with Nonbinary Symbols." In 2018 11th International Conference on Embedded Systems and Intelligent Technology & 9th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Embedded Systems (ICESIT-ICICTES). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icesit-icictes.2018.8442073.

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ÖZTUNÇ, Müge, and Umur BEDİR. "NEW MEDIA AND NATIONAL IDENTITY: THE REPRESENTATION OF ATATURK ON NGO’s NOVEMBER 10th INSTAGRAM POSTS." In COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctc.2021/ctc21.049.

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National symbols, traditions, and rituals emerge as the most influential signifiers of national identity and nationalism. These symbols and images that embody the basic concepts of nationalism, make them visible to other members of society, help to make abstract ideologies more socially concrete, strengthen the sense of national loyalty and strengthen the awareness of the members of the community that they belong to the same nation. On the other hand, Atatürk appears as a symbol of both Turkey’s modernization process and Turkish unity and solidarity. Focusing on the representations of Atatürk
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Öztunç, Müge, and Umur Bedir. "New Media and National Identity: The Representatıon of Atatürk on Ngo’s November 10th Instagram Posts." In COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctcspc.21/ctc21.018.

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National symbols, traditions, and rituals emerge as the most influential signifiers of national identity and nationalism. These symbols and images that embody the basic concepts of nationalism, make them visible to the members of society, help to make abstract ideologies more socially concrete, strengthen the sense of national loyalty and strengthen the awareness of the community members that belong to the same nation. On the other hand, Atatürk appears as a symbol of both Turkey's modernization process and Turkish unity and solidarity. Focusing on the representations of Atatürk as one of the
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He, Xuan, and Kui Cai. "On Decoding Fountain Codes with Erroneous Received Symbols." In 2020 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itw46852.2021.9457594.

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Calvo-Zaragoza, Jorge, Antonio-Javier Gallego, and Antonio Pertusa. "Recognition of Handwritten Music Symbols with Convolutional Neural Codes." In 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2017.118.

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Senger, Christian. "Improved Iterative Decoding of Product Codes Based on Trusted Symbols." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2019.8849469.

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Shi, Dongxin, and Zhanxin Yang. "Intermediate symbols expanding window raptor codes for unequal error protection." In 2015 8th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2015.7408091.

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Makar, Mariia, and Viktor Savka. "Social constructions in Ukrposhta stamps during the Russian-Ukrainian war." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.060.

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Background: The period of the Russo-Ukrainian war is rich in visual symbols. We can observe the emergence and creation of new symbols that contain important cultural and social codes. People create one social construct and reject another, forming their opinion about the war and their participation in it, demonstrating the state of society. Purpose: To determine citizens' perceptions and how they form a social construct during the Russian-Ukrainian war, a study of Ukraine Post stamps (visual symbols) can be conducted. Methods: Through the paradigm of social constructivism, we examine this resea
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Reports on the topic "Codes (symbols)"

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Rosenfeld, Ronald, and David S. Touretzky. Scaling Properties of Coarse-Coded Symbol Memories. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada204456.

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Rosenfeld, Ronald, and David S. Touretzky. Four Capacity Models for Coarse-Coded Symbol Memories. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada218909.

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Irizarry, Alfredo V. Development of the Average Likelihood Function for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Using BPSK and QPSK Symbols. Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada619004.

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Van Orden, Karl F., Joseph Divita, and Matthew J. Shim. Redundant Use of Luminance and Flashing with Shape and Color as Highlighting Codes in Symbolic Displays. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada268692.

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Adl-Tabatabai, Ali-Reza. Nonresident and Endangered Variables: The Effects of Code Generation Optimizations on Symbolic Debugging. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada263149.

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Великодна, Мар’яна Сергіївна. Psychoanalytic Study on Psychological Features of Young Men «Millionaires» in Modern Provincial Ukraine. Theory and Practice of Modern Psychology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3873.

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The article is based on three cases of private psychoanalytic work with successful businessmen from central and northern parts of Ukraine. The research methodology was psychoanalytic theories devoted to the unconscious meanings of money and the role of money in the psychoanalytic setting, including object theory, drive theory, psychosexual development theory, narcissism theory, Oedipus complex, transference and resistance. What presents the interest of this study are the cases when those who grew up in poverty finally obtains such a desired object — money, wealth, however, something unconsciou
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Indigenous presence in Bolvian Folk Art: Folk Art in Bolivia: Celebration of Everyday Life. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006412.

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Bolivian folk art is created in both urban and rural areas, and like the people of Bolivia themselves, it bears a strong indigenous imprint. Many contemporary works owe their current form to lengthy cultural processes over centuries, during which time local materials were worked, forms took shape, color codes were chosen, and iconographies defined. This cultural treasure is transmitted from generation to generation, and comprises a whole that brings us close to the aesthetic and symbolic world of cultures of the past and the present. Understanding the folk art produced in Bolivia today require
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