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Journal articles on the topic 'Codoping'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Narayanan, Nripasree, and N. K. Deepak. "Melioration of Optical and Electrical Performance of Ga-N Codoped ZnO Thin Films." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 73, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2017-0386.

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AbstractTransparent and conducting p-type zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films doped with gallium (Ga) and nitrogen (N) simultaneously were deposited on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. Phase composition analysis by X-ray diffraction confirmed the polycrystallinity of the films with pure ZnO phase. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed excellent incorporation of N in the ZnO matrix by means of codoping. The optical transmittance of N monodoped film was poor but got improved with Ga-N codoping and also resulted in the enhancement of optical energy gap. Hole concentration increased with codoping and consequently, lower resistivity and high stability were obtained.
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2

Okazaki, Tomoya, Kota Kawai, Chiaki Otsuka, Takehiro Mori, Yota Saeki, Edson Haruhico Sekiya, and Kazuya Saito. "Ge-codoping effect on X-ray-induced photodarkening in Al-doped and Dy-Al-doped silica glass." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 032002. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac4d02.

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Abstract X-ray-induced photodarkening and its suppression by Ge-codoping were investigated in Al-doped, Dy-doped, and Dy-Al-doped silica glasses. Absorption bands of 4f-4f5d transition of Dy2+ were determined in Dy-Al-doped silica glass fabricated by Si nano-powders as a reducing agent, and it was found that pair generation of Dy2+ and Al-OHC was occurred in X-ray irradiated Dy-Al-doped silica glass. Ge-codoping suppresses the above-mentioned pair generation and instead forms the pair of GEC and GLPC+. A similar suppression effect of Ge-codoping was observed in Al-Ge-doped silica glass, where pair generation of Al-OHC and Al-E′ center was suppressed. To investigate the stability of defects, annihilation processes during thermal annealing were measured. Al-OHC and Dy2+ are destabilized by Ge-codoping in Al-doped and Dy-Al-doped silica glasses, while GEC is stabilized in Al-Ge-doped and Dy-Al-Ge-doped silica glasses. Based on these results, local structure models around Al, Ge, and Dy ions and possible mechanisms of photodarkening were proposed.
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3

Xiong, Zhi Hua, Lan Li Chen, and Qi Xin Wan. "Theoretical Study of the Effect of (F, Li) Codoping on P-Type Tendency in ZnO." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 1660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1660.

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Based on the first-principle calculations, we present a study for p-type ZnO doping. The calculated results show that (F, Li) codoping can suppress the formation of interstitial Li because the formation energy of FO-LiZn is lower than that of FO-Lii under O-rich condition. However, it is also found that FO-LiZn codoping could not realize p-type ZnO because FO-LiZn forms a fully passive complex. Interestingly, we further find FO-2LiZn is a stable acceptor that has lower formation energy and shallower transition level under O-rich condition. We expect this study might be helpful for synthesizing good p-type ZnO by controlling (F, Li) codoping.
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4

Modak, Brindaban, K. Srinivasu, and Swapan K. Ghosh. "A hybrid DFT based investigation of the photocatalytic activity of cation–anion codoped SrTiO3 for water splitting under visible light." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 44 (2014): 24527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp02856b.

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The effect of cation (Mo or W) and anion (N) codoping in different proportion has been explored to improve the photocatalytic activity of SrTiO3 under visible light. Codoping in 1 : 2 ratio has been found to be more effective due to reduction in band gap without introducing local trapping center and also for maintaining appropriate band alignment.
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5

Li, Xiaohua, Jibao Lu, Ying Dai, Meng Guo, and Baibiao Huang. "The Synthetic Effects of Iron with Sulfur and Fluorine on Photoabsorption and Photocatalytic Performance in Codoped." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/203529.

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The structural and electronic properties of iron-fluorine (Fe-F) and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) codoped anatase TiO2are investigated by first-principles based on density functional theory. Our results show that the formation energy of codoped system is lower than that of single-element doping, which indicates the synergic effect of codoping on the stability of the structure. Codopants introduced impurity gap states resulting in the electron transition energy reduction and thus the visible light absorption observed in the samples. It is concluded that Fe-S should be a better codoping pair because Fe-S codoping introduces extended impurity states resulting in stronger visible light absorption than that of Fe-F codoped compounds. This work gives understanding to the recent experiment and provides the evidence of choosing the more effective co-dopants in TiO2.
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6

Li, Deng-Feng, Min Luo, Bo-Lin Li, Cheng-Bing Wu, Bo Deng, and Hui-Ning Dong. "Low-Resistivity p-Type Doping in Wurtzite ZnS Using Codoping Method." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/739078.

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By using first principles calculations, we propose a codoping method of using acceptors and donors simultaneously to realize low-resistivity and high carrier concentration p-type ZnS with wurtzite structure. The ionization energy of singleNScan be lowered by introducing theIIIZn-NS(III = Al, Ga, In) passivation system. Codoping method in ZnS (2N, III) has lower formation energy comparing with single doping of N since III elements act as reactive codopants.
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7

Gou, Jing, Dongyang Zhang, Binxun Yu, Jing Wang, and Shengzhong Liu. "The Photoluminescence Behaviors of a Novel Reddish Orange Emitting Phosphor CaIn2O4:Sm3+Codoped with Zn2+or Al3+Ions." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/969724.

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A novel reddish orange phosphor CaIn2O4:Sm3+codoped with Zn2+or Al3+ions was prepared by solid state reaction and their luminescence properties were investigated under near ultraviolet excitation. The strategy of Zn2+or Al3+ions codoping was used with the aim to improve the luminescence properties of CaIn2O4:Sm3+, but the concrete effects of the two ions is different. The introduction of Zn2+ions can produceZnIn'defects that favor charge balance in CaIn2O4:Sm3+to facilitate its photoluminescence. The effect of Al3+ions codoping can effectively transfer energy from charge-transfer absorption band to characteristic transition of Sm3+ions, utilizing more energy from host absorption for the photoluminescence of Sm3+ions. Based on these mechanisms, the luminescence intensity of CaIn2O4:0.6%Sm3+was enhanced to 1.59 times and 1.51 times when codoping amount of Zn2+and Al3+ions reached 0.6%. However, the chromaticity coordinates of CaIn2O4:0.6%Sm3+almost did not have any changes after Zn2+ions or Al3+ions codoping; those are still located at reddish orange region. The excellent luminescence properties of CaIn2O4:0.6%Sm3+,0.6%Zn2+and CaIn2O4:0.6%Sm3+,0.6%Al3+demonstrate that they both have potential application value as new-style reddish orange phosphors on light-emitting diode.
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8

Yu, Jianning, Na Wei, Chong Li, Bin Wei, Wei Huang, Taiju Tsuboi, Jianhua Zhang, and Zhilin Zhang. "Enhancement of Efficiency and Lifetime of Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two Dopants in Single Emitting Layer." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/247976.

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We have demonstrated efficient blue organic light-emitting diode with the structure of indium tin oxide/4,4′,4″-tris(N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino)triphenylamine/1,4-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N′-phenylamino]-4,4′-diamine/9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN): 1-4-di-[4-(N,N-di-phenyl)amino]styryl-benzene (DSA-ph) 3 wt%/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum/LiF/Al. Improved efficiencies and longer operational lifetime were obtained by codoping a styrylamine-based dopant BD-3 (0.1 wt%) into the emitting layer of ADN doped with DSA-ph compared to the case of non-codoping. This was due to the improved charge balance and expansion of exciton recombination zone. The better charge balance was obtained by reducing the electron mobility of ADN which was higher than the hole mobility in the case of non-codoping.
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9

Cao, B. S., J. L. Wu, X. H. Wang, Z. Q. Feng, and B. Dong. "Upconversion Luminescence Properties of Er3+ Doped Yb2Ti2O7 Nanophosphor by Gd3+ Codoping." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 3690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.11833.

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Er3+ doped Yb2Ti2O7 nanophosphors by Gd3+ codoping with nominal composition of (Er0.05Yb0.95−xGdx)2Ti2O7 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 0.95) have been prepared by sol–gel method. −Er3+–Gd3+ codoped Yb2Ti2O7 was characteristic of a typical face-centered cubic crystal phase, and the unit cell parameter increased linearly with the increase of Gd3+ concentration. Under a 976 nm laser diode excitation, both green and red upconversion emissions were observed and the upconversion emissions were enhanced significantly by Gd3+ codoping, showing the strongest green and red emissions at 80 mol% Gd3+ codoping. The intensity ratio of green to red emissions (Igreen/Ired) increased monotonously with the increase of Gd3+ concentration. The energy transfer between Yb3+ and Er3+ and the variation of local crystal field symmetry of Er3+ by the substitution of Yb3+ by Gd3+ ions led to the improvement of upconversion properties of Er3+–Gd3+ codoped Yb2Ti2O7 nanophosphors.
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10

Yin, You, Wataru Matsuhashi, Koji Niiyama, Jie Yang, Tao Wang, Jingze Li, Yang Liu, and Qi Yu. "C–N-codoped Sb2Te3 chalcogenides for reducing writing current of phase-change devices." Applied Physics Letters 117, no. 15 (October 12, 2020): 153502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0022467.

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In this work, doping C and codoping C and N into the Sb2Te3 traditional chalcogenide were investigated to reduce the writing current of the phase-change device using a chalcogenide as the active medium. No face-centered-cubic (FCC) structure was observed in the C-doped Sb2Te3 film, while it appeared after codoping C and N into Sb2Te3. The FCC crystallite size greatly reduced from 6.5 to 3.5–3.8 nm after codoping. In particular, the resistivity of FCC C–N codoped Sb2Te3 was about two orders of magnitude higher than that of Sb2Te3. The effect of the property of the chalcogenide on the writing current of the phase-change device was analyzed by the finite element method. The analysis showed that the writing current of the device using C–N-codoped Sb2Te3 as the active medium can significantly drop to about 1/8 of that of the Sb2Te3 based one.
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11

Lin, Huey-Jiuan, and Hsuan-Chung Wu. "Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of N/Si-Codoped Anatase TiO2Evaluated Using First Principles Calculations." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/342132.

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First principles calculations were used to evaluate the electronic structure and optical properties of N/Si-monodoped and N/Si-codoped TiO2to further understand their photocatalytic mechanisms. In accordance with the atomic distance between N and Si dopants, this study considered three N/Si codoping configurations, in which the N dopant had a tendency to bond with the Si dopant. The calculations showed that the bandgaps of the N/Si codoping models were narrow, in the range 3.01–3.05 eV, redshifting the intrinsic absorption edge. The Si 3porbital of N/Si-codoped TiO2plays a key role in widening the valence band (VB), thereby increasing carrier mobility. In addition, the N-induced impurity energy level in the forbidden band appears in all three N/Si codoping models, strengthening absorption in the visible region. The bandgap narrowing, VB widening, and impurity energy levels in the forbidden band are beneficial for improving the photocatalytic activity of N/Si-codoped TiO2.
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12

Chen, Fu-Shan, Jen-Cheng Sung, Che-Yuan Yang, and Chung-Hsin Lu. "Cu(In,Ga)Se2Thin Films Codoped with Sodium and Bismuth Ions for the Use in the Solar Cells." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/579510.

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The codoping effects of sodium and bismuth ions on the characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se2films prepared via the solution process were investigated in this study. When sodium and bismuth ions were incorporated into Cu(In,Ga)Se2, the ratio of the intensity of (112) diffraction peak to that of (220/204) diffraction peak was greatly increased. The codoping process not only enlarged the sizes of the grains in the films but also resulted in densification of the films. The carrier concentration of Cu(In,Ga)Se2was found to be effectively increased to cause a reduction in the resistivity of the films. The above phenomena were attributed to the densified microstructures of the films and a decrease in the amount of the donor-type defects. The leakage current of the solar cells was found to be also decreased via the codoping process. Owing to the improved electrical properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2films, the conversion efficiency of the fabricated solar cells was significantly enhanced.
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13

Lin, Yong Bo, Si Yao Guo, Feng Fei Wang, Cheng Hui Zeng, Na Jiang, Bo Song, and Yong Sun. "The Effect of Different Concentration of Nitrogen in N, S Codoped TiO2." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1791.

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In this paper, the degradation of organophosphorus pesticide by nitrogen and sulfur codoped TiO2 photocatalysts under iodine-tungsten lamp irradiation has been investigated. And we adjusted the concentration of nitrogen to see the change of particle size of nitrogen and sulfur codoping TiO2. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the different concentration of N, S codoping under different calcination temperature was discussed. N, S codoped TiO2 sample has a smaller particle size at a low anneal temperature than the one at high anneal temperature.
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14

Wang, Fang, Yi-Yang Sun, John B. Hatch, Hui Xing, Xuechen Zhu, Hongwang Zhang, Xiaohong Xu, et al. "Realizing chemical codoping in TiO2." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 27 (2015): 17989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp02020d.

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15

Sushma, C., and S. Girish Kumar. "C–N–S tridoping into TiO2matrix for photocatalytic applications: observations, speculations and contradictions in the codoping process." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 8 (2017): 1250–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qi00189d.

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16

Guo, Haijie, Yuhua Wang, Wenbo Chen, Wei Zeng, Shaochun Han, Gen Li, and Yanyan Li. "Controlling and revealing the trap distributions of Ca6BaP4O17:Eu2+,R3+ (R = Dy, Tb, Ce, Gd, Nd) by codoping different trivalent lanthanides." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 42 (2015): 11212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc02283e.

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17

Niishiro, Ryo, and Akihiko Kudo. "Development of Visible-Light-Driven TiO2 and SrTiO3 Photocatalysts Doped with Metal Cations for H2 or O2 Evolution." Solid State Phenomena 162 (June 2010): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.162.29.

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This review paper represents photocatalytic properties of metal cation-doped TiO2 (rutile) and SrTiO3 photocatalysts for O2 evolution from an aqueous silver nitrate solution and H2 evolution from an aqueous methanol solution under visible light irradiation. Photocatalytic activities for the O2 evolution of Cr/Sb and Rh/Sb-codoped TiO2 are strongly dependent on the codoping ratio and the amount of doped chromium and rhodium. The codopant controls the oxidation number of doped chromium and rhodium. Rh-doped SrTiO3 in which the doped Rh species possesses a reversible redox property is active for the H2 evolution reaction under visible light irradiation. Overall water splitting under visible light irradiation proceeds with Z-scheme photocatalyst systems consisting of the Rh-doped SrTiO3 as a H2 evolution photocatalyst combined with BiVO4 as an O2 evolution photocatalyst and an Fe3+/Fe2+ electron mediator.
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18

Girard, Sylvain, A. Boukenter, Y. Ouerdane, and J. P. Meunier. "Radiation-Induced-Defects Localization in Single-Mode Optical Fibers." Materials Science Forum 480-481 (March 2005): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.329.

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We studied the defects at the origins of the permanent radiation-induced attenuation in four g-rays irradiated single-mode germanosilicate optical fibers (~1 MeV; 1.2 kGy; 0.3 Gy/s) in the spectral range 400 - 1700 nm. We determined the wavelength dependence of the following cladding codopant influences: germanium (0.3 %), phosphorus (0.3 %), fluorine (0.3 %) on the germanosilicate (13 %) fiber radiation responses. We identified some of the different color centers produced by g-rays and we evaluated their localization in the fiber cross-section through the determination of the radial distribution of the radiation-induced absorption at 633 nm. We also evidenced the strong interactions between these three codopants. In particular, our results showed that the properties of the phosphorus-related color centers, which mainly determine the fiber infrared radiation sensitivity, are strongly influenced by the germanium- and fluorine-codoping.
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19

Vidya, Y. S., and B. N. Lakshminarasappa. "Influence of Rare Earth Doping on Microstructure and Luminescence Behaviour of Sodium Sulphate." Indian Journal of Materials Science 2014 (January 6, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/675417.

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Na2SO4, Na2SO4: Li, and Na2SO4: Li, Eu, Dy phosphors were prepared by using slow evaporation technique followed by subsequent calcination at 400°C for 4 h. Doping with Li+ ion stabilized the thenardite phase of host matrix, while codoping with RE3+ stabilized the phase transformation from stable thenardite to metastable mirabilite crystal structure. The microstructure and morphology were studied by using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The thermoluminescence studies revealed that isovalent doping of Li+ served as a quencher and addition of codopant introduces the additional trap sites in the host matrix. The room temperature emission spectra of Li-doped, RE3+-codoped, and undoped Na2SO4 were studied under ultraviolet radiation. For pure Na2SO4 the two peaks which appeared are at 364 and 702 nm, respectively. The emission intensities of RE3+-codoped samples increase with increase in dopant concentration.
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20

Jia, Rui, Hong-Feng Li, Peng Chen, Ting Gao, Wen-Bin Sun, Guang-Ming Li, and Peng-Fei Yan. "Synthesis, structure, and tunable white light emission of heteronuclear Zn2Ln2 arrays using a zinc complex as ligand." CrystEngComm 18, no. 6 (2016): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ce02228b.

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21

Kim, Hyunho, Chul Oh Park, Hyerin Jeong, Samuel Kimani Kihoi, Seonghoon Yi, Hyun-Sik Kim, Kyu Hyoung Lee, and Ho Seong Lee. "Generation of multi-dimensional defect structures for synergetic engineering of hole and phonon transport: enhanced thermoelectric performance in Sb and Cu co-doped GeTe." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 11 (2021): 2782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00100k.

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22

Zhou, Xiao, Haoran Yu, Yang Liu, Yong Kong, Yongxin Tao, and Yong Qin. "Boosting the hydrogen evolution activity of a Co–N–C electrocatalyst by codoping with Al." RSC Advances 9, no. 58 (2019): 33997–4003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07939d.

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23

Wang, Jiajun, Jing Huang, Jie Meng, Qunxiang Li, and Jinlong Yang. "Double-hole codoped huge-gap semiconductor ZrO2 for visible-light photocatalysis." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 26 (2016): 17517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp02047j.

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24

Singh, Ningthoujam Premananda, Nandini Kumam, Laishram Priyobarta Singh, Nongmaithem Rajmuhon Singh, and Sri Krishna Srivastava. "Luminescent enhancement study of 3Tb,5Ce,5Li:CaF2: effect of Li+ ion concentration and hyperthermia applications of 3Tb:CaF2/Fe3O4 nanocomposite." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 3 (2019): 1328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj04057e.

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25

Zhang, Cheng, Dan Xie, Jianlong Xu, Yilin Sun, Yongyuan Zang, Xiaowen Zhang, and Xingsen Gao. "Structural, magnetic behaviors and temperature-dependent Raman scattering spectra of Y and Zr codoped BiFeO3 ceramics." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 05, no. 03 (September 2015): 1550025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x15500253.

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Multiferroic [Formula: see text] (BFO) and Y, Zr codoped BFO [Formula: see text] ceramics were prepared and the influence of codoping on the crystal structure and magnetic properties were investigated in this work. Confirmed by the evolution of X-ray diffraction and Raman modes, the codoping has changed the crystal structure from rhombohedral to tetragonal in bulk BFO ceramics. The enhancement of magnetic behaviors is demonstrated by the damage of space-modulated spiral spin structure, and it can be attributed to the crystal structure change and size effects. Meanwhile, Raman spectra from 300 to 800 K demonstrates that lower frequency phonon modes show rapid softening near the Neel temperature.
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26

Kako, Tetsuya, Weifeng Yao, and Jinhua Ye. "Preparation and characterization of visible light sensitive Fe- and Ta-codoped TiO2 photocatalyst." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0004.

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Titania (TiO2) was modified by codoping of Fe3+ and Ta5+ to absorb visible light. The codoped titania [(Fe,Ta)xTi1–xO2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1] were prepared by a solid state reaction or by the polymer complex method. With increased codoping, the optical absorption spectra are red-shifted and the color ranges from white to brown via yellow. Also, the codoped titania (0 < x ≤ 0.05) possesses photocatalytic activity for organic decomposition under visible light irradiation. The codoped titania (x = 0.01) with yellow color shows the highest activity among the codoped titania (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) and a higher activity than the 1% Fe3+-doped TiO2 with orange brown color.
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27

Guo, Zhe, Qiang Zhang, Hongxiang Wang, Xiaojian Tan, Fanfan Shi, Chenglong Xiong, Na Man, Haoyang Hu, Guoqiang Liu, and Jun Jiang. "Bi–Zn codoping in GeTe synergistically enhances band convergence and phonon scattering for high thermoelectric performance." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 41 (2020): 21642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta08700a.

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28

Fadlallah, M. M., M. F. Shibl, T. J. H. Vlugt, and U. Schwingenschlögl. "Theoretical study on cation codoped SrTiO3 photocatalysts for water splitting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 47 (2018): 24342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta09022j.

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29

Wu, Gang, Zhe Guo, Qiang Zhang, Xuemei Wang, Lidong Chen, Xiaojian Tan, Peng Sun, Guo-Qiang Liu, Bo Yu, and Jun Jiang. "Refined band structure plus enhanced phonon scattering realizes thermoelectric performance optimization in CuI–Mn codoped SnTe." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 22 (2021): 13065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta03360c.

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30

Wu, Hao, Zhendong Hao, Liangliang Zhang, Xia Zhang, Guo-Hui Pan, Yongshi Luo, Huajun Wu, Haifeng Zhao, Hong Zhang, and Jiahua Zhang. "Enhancing IR to NIR upconversion emission in Er3+-sensitized phosphors by adding Yb3+ as a highly efficient NIR-emitting center for photovoltaic applications." CrystEngComm 22, no. 2 (2020): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ce01386e.

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31

Tan, X. J., G. Q. Liu, J. T. Xu, H. Z. Shao, J. Jiang, and H. C. Jiang. "Element-selective resonant state in M-doped SnTe (M = Ga, In, and Tl)." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 30 (2016): 20635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp03688k.

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32

Wang, Wenbo, Ruiying Wang, Yafang Ge, and Benlai Wu. "Color tuning and white light emission by codoping in isostructural homochiral lanthanide metal–organic frameworks." RSC Advances 8, no. 73 (2018): 42100–42108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra06793g.

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33

Xu, Yuan-Yi, Peng Chen, Ting Gao, Hong-Feng Li, and Peng-Fei Yan. "White-light emission based on a single component Sm(iii) complex and enhanced optical properties by doping methods." CrystEngComm 21, no. 6 (2019): 964–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce01919c.

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34

Nguyen, Ba-Son, Yuan-Kai Xiao, Chun-Yan Shih, Van-Can Nguyen, Wei-Yang Chou, and Hsisheng Teng. "Electronic structure manipulation of graphene dots for effective hydrogen evolution from photocatalytic water decomposition." Nanoscale 10, no. 22 (2018): 10721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr02441c.

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35

Gao, Lian, Hong Yan Liu, and Jing Sun. "The Preparation of Rutile TiO2 Doped with Rare Earth Metal Ions, Sulfur and Their Photocatalytic Properties." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.53.

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Small quantities of lanthanum, yttrium and sulfur are doped in rutile n-TiO2 that was synthesized by an in-situ hydrothermal method. Their photocatalytic activities are characterized by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV-Vis and visible light irradiation. The results show that lanthanum and yttrium ions are rich on the particle surface, which not only makes the surface energy decrease but also inhibits the recombination of photoexcited carriers, while S-doping produces states in the band gap of TiO2 that absorb visible light. Compared to the S-doping, La-doping, and Y-doping, respectively, the synergistic effects of (S, La)-codoping and (S, Y)-codoping result in a higher photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation.
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36

Wang, Jing, Ru Zhi Wang, Li Chun Xu, and Hui Yan. "Modulation of Band Gaps of Codoping GaN: A First Principles Study." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.306.

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To improve the solar energy conversion of GaN for photocatalytic, the band gap of GaN should be tailored to match with visible light absorption, we calculated that Cr/C codoping effectively narrows the band gap of GaN by using first-principles calculations. Cr/C codoping can split the band gap with the formation of an intermediate band. Positive defect pair binding energy indicates that the defect pairs are stable with respect to the isolate impurity in the sample. The band gap narrowing can be optimized to shift light absorption into the peak of the visible spectral region , which enable maximal utilization of sunlight and thus offer immense potential for applications in solar energy conversion.
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Li, Zong Bao, and Xia Wang. "First-Principle Study of Electronic Structure and Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity of Anatase TiO2 through C and F Codoping." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.400.

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The large intrinsic band gap in TiO2has hindered severely its potential application for visible-light irradiation, while anion doping has led to decreases in visible-light photocatalytic activity in spite of narrowing the host band gap. In this study, we have used cation-passivated codoping of (C, F), (C, 2F) and (2C, F) to modify the band edges of anatase TiO2to extend absorption to longer visible-light wavelegenths using the density functional theory based on GGA + U method. The results indicate that the codoping of C/F=1/1 cases have much more efficient and stable photocatalyst than pristine one and the others, which narrow the band gaps and realize the visible-light response activities.
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38

Zhang, Jiaxun, Yiqi Wang, Min Zhang, Zihan Leng, Mingxia Gao, Jianjiang Hu, Yongfeng Liu, and Hongge Pan. "Improved overall hydrogen storage properties of a CsH and KH co-doped Mg(NH2)2/2LiH system by forming mixed amides of Li–K and Cs–Mg." RSC Advances 7, no. 48 (2017): 30357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra05166b.

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39

Zhang, Xiaofan, Bingyan Zhang, Zhixiang Zuo, Mingkui Wang, and Yan Shen. "N/Si co-doped oriented single crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorods for photoelectrochemical water splitting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 18 (2015): 10020–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00613a.

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40

Wang, Jiajia, Aibin Ma, Zhaosheng Li, Jinghua Jiang, Jianqing Chen, and Zhigang Zou. "Effects of Mg–Zr codoping on the photoelectrochemical properties of a Ta3N5semiconductor: a theoretical insight." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 15 (2017): 6966–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta10294h.

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41

Modak, Brindaban, and Swapan K. Ghosh. "Insight into the enhanced photocatalytic activity of SrTiO3 in the presence of a (Ni, V/Nb/Ta/Sb) pair." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 30 (2018): 20078–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp00844b.

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42

Esmailian, Amirhosein, Masoud Shahrokhi, and Faramarz Kanjouri. "Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of (N, C)-codoped ZnO nanotube: First principles study." International Journal of Modern Physics C 26, no. 11 (August 31, 2015): 1550130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183115501302.

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We have studied the electronic structure and magnetic properties of Nitrogen and Carbon codoped ZnO (5,0) single-walled zigzag nanotube using first-principle calculations based on the density functional theory. We performed our calculations for N - and C - codoping ZnO nanotube in two different configurations. For the first configuration in which the two impurity atoms ( N or C ) are on first nearest-neighbor sites in the plane of codoping, our calculation predicts that the N - and C -codoped ZnO nanotubes are antiferromagnetic material with no net magnetization. On the other hand, it is found that for the configuration in which the two impurity atoms are next nearest-neighbors, a spin polarization results in a magnetic moment in the N - and C -codoped ZnO nanotubes.
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43

Shet, Sudhakar, Kwang-Soon Ahn, Todd Deutsch, Heli Wang, Nuggehalli Ravindra, Yanfa Yan, John Turner, and Mowafak Al-Jassim. "Synthesis and characterization of band gap-reduced ZnO:N and ZnO:(Al,N) films for photoelectrochemical water splitting." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0017.

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ZnO thin films with significantly reduced band gaps were synthesized by doping N and codoping Al and N at 100 °C. All the films were synthesized by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering on F-doped tin-oxide-coated glass. We found that codoped ZnO:(Al,N) thin films exhibited significantly enhanced crystallinity compared with ZnO doped solely with N, ZnO:N, at the same growth conditions. Furthermore, annealed ZnO:(Al,N) thin films exhibited enhanced N incorporation over ZnO:N films. As a result, ZnO:(Al,N) films exhibited better photocurrents than ZnO:N films grown with pure N doping, suggesting that charge-compensated donor–acceptor codoping could be a potential method for band gap reduction of wide-band gap oxide materials to improve their photoelectrochemical performance.
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Li, Yulu, Kaining Ding, Beisi Cheng, Yongfan Zhang, and Yunpeng Lu. "N,F-monodoping and N/F-codoping effects on the electronic structures and optical performances of Zn2GeO4." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 8 (2015): 5613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp05395h.

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Dai, Jiangyun, Chao Yang, Hong Zhang, Hua Zhang, Guoying Feng, and Shouhuan Zhou. "Morphology control and enhancement of 1.5 μm emission in Ca2+/Ce3+ codoped NaGdF4:Yb3+, Er3+ submicrorods." RSC Adv. 7, no. 76 (2017): 48238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08254a.

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Wang, Jiajun, Jing Huang, Jie Meng, Qunxiang Li, and Jinlong Yang. "Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of anatase TiO2 for water splitting via surface codoping." RSC Advances 7, no. 63 (2017): 39877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra03175k.

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Wang, Yueqin, Jingyu Wang, Wei Lian, and Yin Liu. "Insight into the enhanced photocatalytic activity of Mo and P codoped SrTiO3 from first-principles prediction." RSC Advances 10, no. 66 (2020): 40117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07026b.

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48

Ding, Kaining, Lili Wen, Mengyue Huang, Yongfan Zhang, Yunpeng Lu, and Zhongfang Chen. "How does the B,F-monodoping and B/F-codoping affect the photocatalytic water-splitting performance of g-C3N4?" Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 28 (2016): 19217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp02169g.

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Sinha, Shriya, Manoj Kumar Mahata, H. C. Swart, Ashwini Kumar, and Kaushal Kumar. "Enhancement of upconversion, temperature sensing and cathodoluminescence in the K+/Na+ compensated CaMoO4:Er3+/Yb3+ nanophosphor." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 13 (2017): 5362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj00086c.

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Zeng, Min, Federico Locardi, Dimitrije Mara, Zeger Hens, Rik Van Deun, and Flavia Artizzu. "Switching on near-infrared light in lanthanide-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals." Nanoscale 13, no. 17 (2021): 8118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr00385b.

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