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1
Alemu, I. D., and D. S. Boke. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COFFEE (Coffea arabica L.) LANDRACES AT SEEDLING STAGE COLLECTED FROM GUJI ZONES." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 30, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 09–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v30i2.34540.
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The present study was aimed to determine genetic diversity of Coffea arabica landraces based on morphological characteristics at seedling stage in Guji zones. Three kebeles and twenty-five farmers’ coffee landraces were selected based on availability of Coffea arabica landraces from each district by the guidance of Developmental Agency in the kebele. Coffea arabica seeds were collected and planted at kercha nursery sub-site in plastic pots arranged on randomized block design. Seedling characteristics were collected from one year old randomly selected four coffee seedlings from each plot. The results showed that there were significant variations (p<0.05) between and within Coffea arabica landraces of the district. The seedling height of Coffea arabica collected from Didiba local was highest (11.25) followed by Sorile local (11.17) whereas Ebala local was the least. Coffea arabica from Diqisa local (5.25) was the highest for leaf height followed by Didiba local (5.13), Harobora (5.00) and Wacufora local (5.00). Similarly, Wacufora local (2.05) and Didiba local (2.53) were the highest in leaf width. The Coffea arabica landrace of Qaqali local (6.25) and Harobora local (5.75) were the highest in number of paired leaves. Correlation between the characteristics of coffee seedling showed that seedling height was high and significantly correlated with leaf width (0.62**), number of paired leaves (0.58**), node number (0.57**) and leaf area (0.64**). Similarly, leaf height was high and significantly correlated with leaf width (0.72**) and leaf area (0.77**). Generally, the increase of leaf height increases the leaf width and leaf area. Existence of morphological variation of Coffea arabica at seedling stage was used to determine Coffea arabica diversity in this study area. Therefore, Coffea arabica landraces having high seedling height, leaf height, number of paired leaves and leaf area should get attention during selection for plantation. Additionally, farmers, conservationists and other concerned bodies should take action to conserve and keep the gene pool of these coffees. As a result, it opens the door for biotechnologists to characterize coffee at molecular level and breeder scan take action on it to release superior coffee varieties.
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Montis, Andrea, Florence Souard, Cédric Delporte, Piet Stoffelen, Caroline Stévigny, and Pierre Van Antwerpen. "Targeted and Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics for Chemical Profiling of Three Coffee Species." Molecules 27, no. 10 (May 14, 2022): 3152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103152.
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While coffee beans have been studied for many years, researchers are showing a growing interest in coffee leaves and by-products, but little information is currently available on coffee species other than Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. The aim of this work was to perform a targeted and untargeted metabolomics study on Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora and Coffea anthonyi. The application of the recent high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics tools allowed us to gain a clear overview of the main differences among the coffee species. The results showed that the leaves and fruits of Coffea anthonyi had a different metabolite profile when compared to the two other species. In Coffea anthonyi, caffeine levels were found in lower concentrations while caffeoylquinic acid and mangiferin-related compounds were found in higher concentrations. A large number of specialized metabolites can be found in Coffea anthonyi tissues, making this species a valid candidate for innovative healthcare products made with coffee extracts.
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Rodríguez-Gómez, Rocío, Jérôme Vanheuverzwjin, Florence Souard, Cédric Delporte, Caroline Stevigny, Piet Stoffelen, Kris De Braekeleer, and Jean-Michel Kauffmann. "Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector." Antioxidants 7, no. 10 (October 15, 2018): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox7100143.
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Coffee is a beverage widely consumed in the world. The coffee species most commercialized worldwide are Arabica (Coffea arabica) and Robusta (Coffea canephora). Roasted coffee beans are the most used, but coffee leaves are also consumed as infusion in several countries for traditional medicinal purposes. They contain several interesting phenolic antioxidant compounds mainly belonging to chlorogenic acids (CGAs). In the present work, a liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection (LC-EC) method was developed for the determination of three main chlorogenic acid isomers, namely 3-, 4-, and 5-caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), in coffee leaves aqueous extracts. Samples from eight coffee species, namely; Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica, Coffea humilis, Coffea mannii, Coffea charrieriana, Coffea anthonyi, and Coffea liberica var. liberica, were grown and collected in tropical greenhouses. Linearity of the calibration graphs was observed in the range from the limit of quantification to 1.0 × 10−5 M, with R2 equal to 99.9% in all cases. High sensitivity was achieved with a limit of detection of 1.0 × 10−8 M for 3-CQA and 5-CQA (i.e., 3.5 µg/L) and 2.0 × 10−8 M for 4-CQA (i.e., 7.1 µg/L). The chromatographic profile of the samples harvested for each Coffea species was studied comparatively. Obtained raw data were pretreated for baseline variations and shifts in retention times between the chromatographic profiles. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the pretreated data. According to the results, three clusters of Coffea species were found. In the water sample extracts, 5-CQA appeared to be the major isomer, and some species contained a very low amount of CQAs. Fluctuations were observed depending on the Coffea species and harvesting period. Significant differences between January and July were noticed regarding CQAs content. The species with the best CQAs/caffeine ratio was identified. The LC-EC data were validated by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS).
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Rahmatika, D. E., Supriyadi, A. Herawati, H. Widijanto, M. Nufus, and G. Masyithoh. "Evaluation of land suitability for Coffee (Coffea sp.) in Nawangan District, Pacitan Regency, East Java." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 986, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/986/1/012039.
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Abstract Nawangan District has been hit by clove crop failures for years. Due to this incident, alternative plant replacements are needed following the land conditions in the area. Coffee (Coffea sp.) is one of the relevant choices. Land evaluation needs to be done to determine the land suitability class. This study aims to determine the land suitability class of coffee plants in Nawangan District. The type of coffee used in this research is Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. This study uses the matching method with the minimum law on each land unit. Based on data obtained from field surveys and laboratory analysis, the actual land suitability for the two types of coffee is S3 (marginal), with various limiting factors. Coffea arabica has a limiting factor: temperature, water availability, rooting condition, oxygen availability, nutrient retention, and nutrient availability. The limiting factors of Coffea canephora are rooting condition, oxygen availability, nutrient retention, and nutrient availability. The improvement to decrease the limiting factors are irrigation, liming, composting, fertilizing, and adding organic matter. The potential land suitability class for Coffea arabica after improvement efforts was S3, while for Coffea canephora was S2 and S3. So based on the smallest limiting factor, the appropriate type of coffee in Nawangan District is Coffea canephora.
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Lumaksono, Maria Angela, Pratiwi Dyah Kusumo, and Fajar Lamhot Gultom. "Effect of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora Consumption on Mus musculus Gaster Histopathological Description." Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 5, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47007/ijobb.v5i2.79.
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Green coffee bean is the bean from coffee fruit that have not undergone roasting process. The purpose of this research was to determine the gastroprotector effects of arabica green coffee bean (Coffea arabica) and robusta green coffee bean (Coffea canephora) to the histopathology (mucosal layer erosion) of mice’s gastric (Mus musculus). This research used a laboratory experimental design with post-test control group design method. Thirty mices divided into three groups. Mice in the control group were only given standard feed and mineral water. Mice in the treatment group I was given 1,8 ml green bean Coffea arabica solution 5,5%. Mice in the treatment group II was given 1,8 ml green bean Coffea canephora solution 5,5%. Both treatments were carried out for seven days, at the same time. Mice’s gastric made into histopathology slides, and then stained with Hematoxylin Eosin. Overview of the histopathology of the gastric assessed using the Wattimena scoring. The results of the assessment are tested by using the statistical test of Kruskall-Wallis, found the significance value of >0,05, which means there is no effect of green bean Coffea arabica and green bean Coffea canephora against the picture of the histopathological mice’s gastric (Mus musculus), as well as no significant difference between the giving of green bean Coffea arabica and green bean Coffea canephora against the picture of the histopathological mice’s gastric (Mus musculus).
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Zhang, Dapeng, Fernando E. Vega, Francisco Infante, William Solano, Elizabeth S. Johnson, and Lyndel W. Meinhardt. "Accurate Differentiation of Green Beans of Arabica and Robusta Coffee Using Nanofluidic Array of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 2 (March 2020): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaocint/qsz002.
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Abstract Green (unroasted) coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world. The Arabica (Coffea arabica L.) and Robusta (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) species are the two main types of coffees for commercial production. In general, Arabica coffee is known to have better quality in terms of sensory characteristics; thus, it has a higher market value than Robusta coffee. Accurate differentiation of green beans of the two species is, therefore, of commercial interest in the coffee industry. Using the newly developed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we analyzed a total of 80 single green bean samples, representing 20 Arabica cultivars and four Robusta accessions. Reliable SNP fingerprints were generated for all tested samples. Unambiguous differentiation between Robusta and Arabica coffees was achieved using multivariate analysis and assignment test. The SNP marker panel and the genotyping protocol are sufficiently robust to detect admixture of green coffee in a high-throughput fashion. Moreover, the multilocus SNP approach can differentiate every single bean within Robusta and 55% of Arabica samples. This advantage, together with the single-bean sensitivity, suggests a significant potential for practical application of this technology in the coffee industry.
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Jaramillo, J., A. E. Bustillo, E. C. Montoya, and C. Borgemeister. "Biological control of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by Phymastichus coffea (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Colombia." Bulletin of Entomological Research 95, no. 5 (October 2005): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2005378.
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AbstractThe potential of the eulophid parasitoid Phymastichus coffea LaSalle to control coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) populations under field conditions in Colombia was evaluated. Parasitoid adults were released one, five and nine days after artificial infestations of 90-, 150- and 210-day-old coffee berries with H. hampei females. The position of the beetle inside the berry and the parasitism levels were assessed ten days after each P. coffea release. Parasitism of H. hampei by P. coffea was significantly affected by the age of the berries at the time of infestation, and by the position of the beetle inside the berries. Highest levels of parasitism were recorded in 150-day-old berries (75–85%) and in 90-day-old berries (75%) when P. coffea were released one day after the artificial infestation with H. hampei. In 150-day-old berries, highest levels of parasitism were recorded for H. hampei found in the outer layer of the endosperm followed by beetles penetrating the exocarp. Increasing the time of P. coffea releases after the artificial infestations with H. hampei led to decreased levels of parasitism in beetles attacking 90- and 150-day-old coffee berries. Low levels of parasitism were recorded in H. hampei females infesting older coffee berries because most of the beetles had already constructed galleries deep in the endosperm of the berries, i.e. out of reach of the parasitoid. The potential of P. coffea for biological control of coffee berry borer in Colombia is discussed.
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Mishra, M. K., and A. Slater. "Recent Advances in the Genetic Transformation of Coffee." Biotechnology Research International 2012 (August 29, 2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/580857.
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Coffee is one of the most important plantation crops, grown in about 80 countries across the world. The genus Coffea comprises approximately 100 species of which only two species, that is, Coffea arabica (commonly known as arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora (known as robusta coffee), are commercially cultivated. Genetic improvement of coffee through traditional breeding is slow due to the perennial nature of the plant. Genetic transformation has tremendous potential in developing improved coffee varieties with desired agronomic traits, which are otherwise difficult to achieve through traditional breeding. During the last twenty years, significant progress has been made in coffee biotechnology, particularly in the area of transgenic technology. This paper provides a detailed account of the advances made in the genetic transformation of coffee and their potential applications.
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Wati, Erda, Uci Dwi Cahya, and Yosi Darmirani. "FORMULASI SEDIAAN LOTION EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea cenephora)." JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) 3, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v3i2.570.
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Bean robusta coffee contains polyphenol compounds which are useful as antioxidants. Antioxidants can inactivate the development of oxidation reactions, by preventing the formation of free radicals. Robusta coffee bean plant (Coffea canephora) is an ingredient that can be formulated into lotion preparations. Cosmetic lotion aims to remove dead skin cells, brighten the skin and soften the skin. This research is to make lotion preparations from robusta coffee bean extract (Coffea Canephora) . This research uses pure experiment. Robusta coffee beans are extracted by maceration process. The lotion formulation is made with variations of robusta coffee bean powder (Coffea Canephora) with a concentration of 2%, 3%, and 4%. The characteristic test includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, Ph test, and irritation test. The purpose of this study was to determine the lotion formulation for robusta coffee bean extract (Coffea Canephora). The results of the lotion test had a homogeneous concentration of 2%, 3% and 4%, light brown to blackish brown, with a distinctive smell of coffee. The ph lotion test had a PH of 5 in all formulations on the blank had a PH of 6. The irritation test on the lotion preparation showed no erythema and edema in 5 volunteers. From all the tests carried out, the lotion formulation has good characteristics.
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Rahmawaty, Y. A. Ginting, R. Batubara, G. Carenina, C. F. Ginting, R. K. Ginting, L. Angelita, and A. Rauf. "Land suitability assesment for Coffea arabica on the land overgrowed by Uncaria gambir." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 886, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012121.
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Abstract Aornakan I and Kuta Tinggi villages are villages located in Pak-pak Bharat Regency, North Sumatra Province. Currently, the villagers are planting Uncaria gambir and Coffea arabica. This study aimed to evaluate land for cofffe plantations on land overgrown with gambier in Pak-pak Bharat Regency. Sampling was carried out purposively on land overgrown with gambier plants in Aornakan I Village, Pargetteng-getteng Sengkut Sub-district and Kuta Tinggi Village, Salak Sub-district, Pakpak Bharat Regency. The evaluation of land suitability for coffee uses the matching method, namely by analysing laboratory data and data measured in the field with the characteristics of the land for cofffe. The results showed that the land evaluation for Coffea arabica was marginally suitable (S3) with the limiting factor was the root zone media (rc) in terms of soil texture.
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Mahdalena and Anis Munandar. "Effects Of Various Planting Media And Liquid Organic Fertilizer (Poc) On The Growth Of Robusta Coffee Seeds (Coffea Robusta L.)." Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian 9, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/ajip.v9i2.978.
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The effects of various growing media and liquid organic fertilizers on the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. The research was conducted for 12 weeks (3 months) from March to June 2020. The research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Experimental Garden, Widya Gama Mahakam University, Samarinda. This study aims to determine: 1. The right planting media for the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings 2. Liquid organic fertilizer (POC) is appropriate for the growth of robusta coffee plant seedlings (Coffea robusta L.). 3. The interaction between planting media and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) on the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor is the Planting Media (M) which consists of 4 levels, namely, M1 = Soil, M2 = Soil + Rice Husk (2: 1), M3 = Soil + Sawdust (2: 1), M4 = Soil + Coconut Coir ( 2: 1). The second factor is Liquid Organic Fertilizer (P) consisting of 3 levels, namely: P0 = Topsoil (control), P1 = POC 50% Fragrant Lemongrass Tofu Wastewater (ALTSW) (500 ml ALTSW + 500 ml water), P2 = POC Extract Gamal leaf (EDG) (500 ml EDG + 500 ml water). Based on the research results, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. There is a significant effect of the application of growing media on the increase in height, stem diameter, and the number of leaves. Soil media with rice husks gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. 2. There was a significant effect of POC application on height increase, stem diameter, and the number of leaves. The liquid organic fertilizer of Gamal leaves gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. 3. There is a media interaction with liquid organic fertilizer (POC) which has a significant effect on the increase in height, stem diameter, and number. The combination of soil growing media treatment with rice husks and Gamal leaf POC gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. The expected output is to provide information about the best planting media for the growth of Robusta coffee seeds for the community. Providing information about the best liquid organic fertilizers for the growth of Robusta coffee seeds for the community.
Keyword : Gamal Leaves, Tofu Dregs Waste, Wood Powder
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Oliveira, Claudio, Paulo Mazzafera, Rosangela Silva, Roberto Kubo, Mario Inomoto, and Melissa Tomazini. "Pathogenicity of two Pratylenchus coffeae populations from Brazil on coffee plants." Nematology 9, no. 6 (2007): 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854107782331144.
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AbstractThere is limited information on the influence of Pratylenchus coffeae on the growth and development of coffee plants, in spite of the widespread occurrence of this nematode in coffee plantations. In addition, populations of P. coffeae vary in morphological and molecular features, as well as reproductive fitness and pathological potential. The objective of the present study was to compare the pathogenicity of two Brazilian P. coffeae populations, K5 from Coffea arabica roots and M2 from Aglaonema sp. roots, in terms of their influence on the plant growth and photosynthesis of Arabian coffee (C. arabica). Five experiments were conducted in controlled conditions, and the results demonstrated that K5 is pathogenic on coffee, as it can reproduce and causes obvious damage on the plant. Moreover K5 proved to be very virulent on Arabian coffee, considering its effects on seedling mortality, plant growth and photosynthesis. By contrast, M2 was considered to be of low virulence, or even non-pathogenic, on coffee because it failed to reproduce. Thus, the results indicate that K5 and M2 may be distinct species, supporting the hypothesis of previous authors.
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LINDA SIPAYUNG, MEI, Theodora MV Nainggolan, and Tiurmaida Nainggolan. "Coffee Business Development Index Analysis Arabica (Coffea Arabica) in Purba District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province." Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Studies 2, no. 2 (October 23, 2021): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeas.2021.2.2.4.
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This study aims to determine: To determine the development of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) production over the last 5 years, to determine the availability of production factors (land area, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, equipment, and labor) for the development of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica, for knowing the relationship between the availability of production factors (land area, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, equipment, and labor) in the previous year to the production of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica), and to determine the business sustainability index of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) viewed from the economic, social aspects and the environment in the research area. The research was conducted in Purba District, Simalungun Regency, where the sample size was 25 Arabica coffee farmers. Data analysis used qualitative descriptive analysis, OLS (Ordinary Least Square), and sustainability index. The Arabica coffee production development index from 2015-2019 decreased from the total production of 555.98 tons to 497.51 tons or the index value decreased by 75The availability of production factors (land area, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, equipment, and labor) for the Arabica coffee development index in the study area is available with an average value of 21.17. , fertilizers, pesticides, equipment and manpower) the calculated F value = 0.566 <F table 6.16 with a sig value of 0.595 > 0.05. In partial land area, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and labor have an effect on Arabica coffee production. the average (79.27) is categorized as very sustainable.
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Myers, Roxana, Andrea Kawabata, Alyssa Cho, and Stuart T. Nakamoto. "Grafted Coffee Increases Yield and Survivability." HortTechnology 30, no. 3 (June 2020): 428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04550-20.
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Kona coffee root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne konaensis) cause severe declines in ‘Kona Typica’ arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) trees in Hawaii. Defoliation and destruction of the root system result in significant yield losses and can kill the host. Grafting with other coffee (Coffea) species that exhibit tolerance to kona coffee root-knot nematodes is a viable solution for mitigating damage in the field. An infested field was established in 2006 with ‘Kona Typica’ scions grafted on seven accessions of promising rootstock and nongrafted ‘Kona Typica’ as the control. Four grafted trees of each accession were planted per plot with four repetitions. Yield data were assessed for the 2016–17, 2017–18, and 2018–19 seasons. Three liberica coffee (Coffea liberica) accessions [‘Arnoldiana’ (‘Arnoldiana’ 1 and ‘Arnoldiana’ 2), ‘Dewevrei’, and ‘Fukunaga’ 1], demonstrated higher yields of coffee cherry compared with nongrafted ‘Kona Typica’ in the 2016–17 season. In the 2017–18 and 2018–19 seasons, five accessions of liberica and ‘Nemaya’ robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) exhibited higher cherry yields than ‘Kona Typica’. Plant vigor was greater in trees grafted on ‘Arnoldiana’ and ‘Fukunaga’ compared with other accessions and nongrafted ‘Kona Typica’, with taller trees, higher vertical branches, thicker trunk circumferences, and overall better health. After 13 years in the field, nongrafted ‘Kona Typica’ showed the highest mortality, with 81% of trees lost. Liberica rootstocks performed consistently well in the presence of kona coffee root-knot nematodes, with the healthiest trees, highest yields, and least mortality of the coffee species evaluated.
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Pham, The Trinh, Bach Long Giang, Ngoc Hoi Nguyen, Pham Nguyen Dong Yen, Vo Do Minh Hoang, Bui Thi Lien Ha, and Ngoc Thuy Trang Le. "Combination of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Root Grafting Effectively Controls Nematode in Replanted Coffee Soil." Plants 9, no. 5 (April 27, 2020): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050555.
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Replanting for sustainable development is one of the critical missions of the coffee industry in the Daklak province, Vietnam. However, this plan has been faced with many difficulties including poor survival and growth rates due to the low nematode tolerance of young coffee plants in replanted fields. Mycorrhizal symbiosis and grafting have been applied separately but not yet resulted in the expected results of the replanting plan. Whether the combination of them would help managing nematode in the soil and consequently enhance the replanted efficiency is largely unknown. Mycorrhizal symbiosis was applied to Coffea canephora plants or/and grafted onto Coffea liberica rootstock, which were grown and compared to the untreated ones in both net-house-pots and the replanted plantation. The survival rate, growth indicators and the soil pathogens were monitored during the experimental periods. The combination of grafting and mycorrhiza symbiotic techniques significantly decreased the nematode densities in the replanted soil. As a result, the survival rate and growth indicators of the coffee in the replanted soil treated by the combined technique were better than treated by the two separate techniques. The results suggested that the combination of grafting and mycorrhiza symbiotic techniques would propose a potentially effective Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne incognita nematode management in replanted coffee fields in the Daklak province, Vietnam.
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Fauzi, Irfan, and Soekadar Wiryadiputra. "Population of Pratylenchus coffeae (Z.) and growth of Arabica coffee seedling inoculated by Pseudomonas diminuta L. and Bacillus subtilis (C.)." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 31, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v31i1.77.
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AbstractPratylenchus coffeae is a parasitic nematoda that infected the roots of some plants, one of them is coffee. The Infection of Pratylenchus coffeae cause root tissue damage that led to root lession and make root become rotten, it will interfere the ability of roots to absorb water and nutrients in the soil which resulted in the growth of plants. At the moment, control of Pratylenchus coffeae are following integrated pests management (IPM) program, which integrated between the use of coffee resistant clone and application of biological agents. Research on biological control was conducted more intensive, at the moment; due to it is friendlier save against environment and cheaper then using chemical nematicides. The research was conducted to know the effects of Micorrhiza Helper Bacteria (MHB),Pseudomonas diminuta and Bacillus subtilis in suppressing the population of P. coffeaeas well as their effect on growth of coffee seedling. Coffee arabica (Coffea arabica L.) seedling one moth old were used in the experiment. The experiment prepared with eight treatments and five replications, as follows: A (Pseudomonas diminuta with density of 108 cfu / ml), B (Pseudomonas diminuta with density of 2x108 cfu / ml), C (Bacillus subtilis with density of 108 cfu / ml ), D (Bacillus subtilis with density 2x108 cfu / ml), E (Carbofuran nematicide 5 g formulation / pot), F (Pseudomonas diminuta and Bacillus subtilis with each density of 108 cfu / ml), K- (Nematoda inoculation but without bacteria and nematicide), K+ (coffee seedling without any additional treatment). The experiment was conducted for sixteen weeks or about four months. The results of the experiment showed that application of MHB could suppress population of P. coffeae and increase coffee seedling growth significantly. Inoculation of B. subtilis at 108 cfu per seedling suppressed significantly nematoda population of 71.3% compared with untreated seedling but inoculated with nematoda. It was not significant different with carbofuran treatment which could suppress nematoda population by 89.7%. The same result also occur on the treatment of P. diminuta at density level 2.108 cfu/seedling, which could suppress nematoda population by 64.2%. Seedling growth were treated with MHB also significantly increase compared with seedling without treatment and inoculation of nematodas, especially on the treatment of B.subtilis at density level 108 cfu and P.diminuta at density level of 108 cfu, with increasing level of 35.4% and 34.2 %, respectively.Keywords: MHB (Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria), Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.), Pratylenchus coffeae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas diminuta.
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Ignatova, Dinara, and Nadezhda Makarova. "Antioxidant Properties Research of Various Types of Coffee." Food Industry 5, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2500-1922-2020-5-4-11.
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The article presents results of antioxidant compounds determination (total amount of phenolic compounds, total amount of flavonoids) and parameters of the antiradical activity (by the DPPH method) and reducing power (by the FRAP method) in different types of coffee beans depending on roasting degree (weak, medium, strong), coffee variety (Robusta and Arabica) and the importing country. The researchers used the products presented in the retail chains of Samara. The study purpose was to reveal a universal and most common source of functional substances with an antioxidant effect for the human body and use it both in its pure form and in combination with other products (BAS). According to the research results, Robusta coffee (Coffea Canephora) of medium roasting from Brazil has high indicators for all the conducted analyses and can be used as an additional source of antioxidant substances, and as a raw material for obtaining BAS. Coffee Arabica (Coffea Arabica) of medium roasting of Indonesian origin has the highest restoring power, and the highest content of phenols and flavonoids. Coffee Arabica (Coffea Arabica) of a strong degree of roasting from India has the lowest rates. All other types of coffee have average, slightly different results.
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Pinheiro, Carlos Alexandre, Lucas Louzada Pereira, Deusélio Bassini Fioresi, Daniela da Silva Oliveira, Vanessa Moreira Osório, Josimar Aleixo da Silva, Ulisses Alves Pereira, et al. "Physico-chemical properties and sensory profile of Coffea canephora genotypes in high-altitudes." DECEMBER 2019, no. 13(12):2019 (December 20, 2019): 2046–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.12.p2060.
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In Brazil, Coffea canephora coffee is generally cultivated in hot climate regions and at altitudes below 400 - 450 m. There is little information on C. canephora cultivation at higher altitudes. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the physicochemical properties and to perform the sensorial analysis of 21 different Coffea canephora coffee genotypes, grown at 720 m altitude in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The field experiment was implemented in 2011 at the Incaper, Experimental Farm of Venda Nova using randomized block design, with four replications, eight plants per plot and spacing of 3.0 x 1.0 m. Thirteen clones of the clonal cultivar Vitória Incaper 8142 (V1 to V13) and eight clones of the clonal cultivar Robustão Capixaba Emcapa 8141 (R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10) were studied. Grain samples were obtained from the third harvest in 2016. The harvest was performed when more than 80% of the fruits were ripe (August) and the freshly harvested coffee was processed using the conventional terrace drying method (natural processing). After the coffee was dried and processed, the four replicates were of each treatment were combined for the physicochemical analyses. The physicochemical analyses were performed (total titratable acidity, pH at 25oC and 96oC), reducing, non-reducing and total sugars were determined, chlorogenic acid (5-CQA), trigonelline and caffeine levels were determined by HPLC using the external standard method. Chlorogenic acid contents were found in the range of 2.60 to 3.65%. Caffeine levels ranged from 2.06 to 2.89%. There was no statistical difference in the final scores of the sensory analysis of the C. canephora coffees and the average value was 77.44 points, the same score for high-quality/premium coffee. Cultivation of C. canephora at high altitudes can be promising to obtain higher quality coffees from C. canephora species.
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Akbar, Muhammad, Abubakar Karim, and Sugianto Sugianto. "Investigation of Utilizing Coffee Commodities toward Land Suitability, Case Study: Mane Village, Aceh Province." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i3.857.
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The characteristics of tropical forests in Indonesia produce various types of plants that can be used to improve the economic sector of the surrounding communities. The study is carried out on several suitable plants to be cultivated. Coffee plants such as Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) and Robusta coffee (Coffea Canephora) are one of them. It will be conducted to figure out whether coffee plants are sufficiently feasible to be cultivated especially in Mane Village, Aceh Province, which is the location of the research. Feasibility of coffee plants is reviewed from soil analysis based on the soil research center (1983), land suitability and slope class. The results show that coffee plants are feasible to be used as one of the potential cultivated commodities.
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Legesse, Afework. "Assessment of coffee (coffea arabica L.) genetic erosion and genetic resources management in Ethiopia." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 7, no. 3 (January 11, 2020): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.007.03.2972.
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Coffee is an important source of annual income and employment contributing significantly to the economies of many developing countries. Ethiopia is the center of origin and diversity of Coffea arabica L., there is immense genetic variability that offers great potential for improvement of the crop. The objective of this paper is to assess the status of Coffee genetic diversity, identify major factors that cause coffee genetic erosion and status of coffee genetics resources management in Ethiopia. The presences of high genetic diversity in wild Coffea arabica in Ethiopia were reported by different authors. However, the genetic diversity of coffea arabica L. are being lost rapidly due to several factors such as human population pressures leading to conversion of land to agriculture, deforestation and land degradation; low coffee prices leading to abandoning of coffee trees in forests and gardens and shifting cultivation to other more remunerative crops; and climate change. Additionally, narrow genetic basis of commercially used Arabica coffee cultivars and increased incidence of pests and diseases associated with climate change is leading to significant crop losses, threatening livelihoods in many coffee growing countries. Therefore, Conserving the wild Arabica coffee gene pool and its evolutionary potential present in Ethiopia is critically important for maintaining coffee yield, disease resistance, drought tolerant, quality and other important traits in future breeding program
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Nguyen, Chau, Maurice Moens, Wim Wesemael, and Phap Trinh. "Decline of Pratylenchus coffeae and Radopholus arabocoffeae populations after death and removal of 5-year-old arabica coffee (Coffea arabica cv. Catimor) trees." Nematology 13, no. 4 (2011): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855410x528505.
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AbstractThe decline of populations of the plant-parasitic nematodes Radopholus arabocoffeae and Pratylenchus coffeae was studied after the death and removal of severely damaged coffee plants (Coffea arabica cv. Catimor) in a field naturally infested with both nematodes. Soil samples were taken at monthly intervals up to a depth of 70 cm and divided into 10 cm segments from which nematodes were extracted. The numbers of R. arabocoffeae and P. coffeae in soil and in root fragments were determined. Both species were found up to 70 cm depth. Densities of R. arabocoffeae and P. coffeae populations declined exponentially over time in all soil layers. No nematodes were found in soil and root fragments 10 and 11 months after removal of the infected coffee plants for R. arabocoffeae and P. coffeae, respectively. Arabica coffee seedlings were planted in soil collected from the experimental plots after these time periods. The seedlings were grown for 3 months in a glasshouse and then roots and soil were analysed for presence of both nematode species. No R. arabocoffeae and P. coffeae were found, confirming that the population in the field had completely declined. The results of this experiment demonstrate that a replant of coffee is possible 1 year after removal of infected plants from a plantation without any further (chemical) control measures.
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Caracostea, Luiza-Mădălina, Rodica SÎRBU, and Florica BUŞURICU. "Determination of Caffeine Content in Arabica and Robusta Green Coffee of Indian Origin." European Journal of Medicine and Natural Sciences 4, no. 1 (May 15, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/425qba31z.
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The coffee tree belongs to the Rubiaceae family, genus Coffea. Although more than 80 species of coffee have been identified worldwide, only two are economically important. Coffea Arabica, also known as Arabica coffee, is responsible for about 70 percent of the world coffee market, and Coffea Canephora or Robusta coffee represents the rest. Due to the strong physiological effects of caffeine on human physiology, the caffeine content is a very important quality parameter of processed coffee. Routine analysis of caffeine in the food industry can be facilitated using fast and reliable tests. In this article, we quantitatively determined the caffeine content using the chloroform isolation method and we also performed the qualitative determination of caffeine in green coffee of Indian origin by the UV-VIS spectrophotometric method. Following the analysis of caffeine isolate with chloroform, we obtained a caffeine content of 182 mg / 100 g for the Robusta green coffee sample and 154 mg / 100 g for the Arabica green coffee sample. Thus we can confirm the presence of a higher caffeine content in the Robusta India green coffee sample than in the Arabica India green coffee sample. In the spectrophotometric analysis we used 4 coffee samples obtained by extraction with hot distilled water and by extraction with cold distilled water. The spectral analysis confirms the presence of caffeine in both studied coffee species and agrees with the data in the literature.
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Пугачева, Александра, Aleksandra Pugacheva, Надежда Макарова, Nadezhda Makarova, Динара Игнатова, and Dinara Ignatova. "Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Instant Coffee and Coffee Capsules: Comparative Analysis." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 49, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2019-2-312-319.
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Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world due to its unique sensory properties, i.e. aroma and taste. Coffee consumption increases from year to year, which makes its functional property a relevant issue. The present research featured the antioxidant component in freeze-dried coffee and coffee capsules obtained from a commercial network. The main objective was to identify the most advantageous types of coffee to serve as a raw material for extract production. Coffee is known to prevent diseases caused by the oxidative action of free radicals. The paper presents a review of multiple scientific sources on the beneficial properties of coffee. It also features some results of the study in the chemical composition of coffee, i.e. dry matter content, phenols, flavonoids, etc. The anti-radical activity was described with the help of the DPPH method, while the FRAP method was employed to study the antioxidant properties of several coffee samples. The samples of instant coffee and coffee capsules were obtained from a distribution network (Samara, Russia) and included such brands as Coffea Premium, Coffesso, Nescafe Dolche Gusto, Jacobs Milicano, Bushido, Egoiste, and Fresco. Coffea Premium and Coffesso showed the best results in all the tests and can be additional sources of antioxidant substances. These two varieties of coffee capsules are produced for capsule coffee machines and are roasted ground coffee beans. Coffea Premium demonstrated the best results in phenolic substances, flavonoids, and anti-radical activity with 1338 mg of gallic acid and 854 mg of catechin per 100g of the original substance and 0.84 mg per cm3. Nescafe Dolche Gusto coffee capsules and such varieties of instant coffee as Jacobs Millicano, and Fresco showed similar but average results according to all the phenolic analyzes. Bushido and Egoiste were found lacking in phenols, flavonoids, and dry substances. These samples demonstrated low values of antiradiation and regenerating ability, which indicates a worse quality than that of coffee capsules. This may be due to some processing peculiarities: instant coffee undergoes thermal treatment when coffee granules are formed, while solvents are used to obtain coffee extract. Thus, the research revealed that Coffea Premium and Coffesso are the best sources of antioxidants.
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Poncet, V., P. Hamon, J. Minier, C. Carasco, S. Hamon, and M. Noirot. "SSR cross-amplification and variation within coffee trees (Coffea spp.)." Genome 47, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 1071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-064.
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Primer sets were developed from 85 Coffea arabica sequences in addition to 25 already published primer sets. They were subsequently used for amplification in six African Coffea species: Coffea canephora (CAN), Coffea eugenioides (EUG), Coffea heterocalyx (HET), Coffea liberica (LIB), Coffea sp. Moloundou (MOL) and Coffea pseudozanguebariae (PSE). The amplification percentages for these 110 primer pairs ranged from 72.7% for LIB to 86.4% for PSE. Good transferability was thus obtained within the Coffea genus. When focusing on the two species CAN and PSE, high genetic diversity, high polymorphic locus rates (above 80%) and a mean allele number per polymorphic locus of more than 3 were noted. The estimated null allele percentage was –11% for PSE and –9% for CAN. Sixty three percent (CAN) and 79.5% (PSE) of the fixation index (Fis) values were positive. The within-species polymorphism information content (PIC) distribution showed two modes for both species. Although the two species shared 30 polymorphic loci, no correlation between CAN and PSE PIC values was obtained. All of these data are discussed in relation to the polymorphism level and the potential use of these SSRs for subsequent analysis of genetic diversity or genetic mapping.Key words: microsatellite, Coffea, transferability, genetic diversity.
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Nurseha, Nurseha, Risvan Anwar, and Yudianto Yudianto. "PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) PADA BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI MEDIA DENGAN BOKASHI LIMBAH KULIT KOPI." Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan 17, no. 1 (June 15, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32663/ja.v17i1.470.
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This research aimed to determine the effect of media composition leather waste coffea bokashi fertilizer on the growth of coffee seedlings in the nursery playing robusta nursery and determine the best composition that can replace the use of chemical fertilizer in the coffee nursery. This research was conducted in vilage Tugu Rejo subdistrict Kabawetan Kepahiang district Bengkulu province. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) of the factors with 6 (six) treatment that the composition of the growing media bokashi (P). Each composition treatment was repeated four (4) times, in order to obtain 24 units of trial. Each experimental unit there are five (5) polybags, so there are 120 polybags. Each experimental unit was taken three (3) samples. These result indicate that treatment of bokashi fertilizer media leather waste coffe very significant effect on the dry weight of coffee seedlings, significant effect on plant height and weight of the wet, and no real effect on the number of leaves and stem diameter. Effect of medium composition leather waste coffe bokashi fertilizer best demonstarted high value crops 13.63 cm, wet weight of 1.82 g and 0.60 g dry weight. The use of leather waste coffee bokashi fertilizer is able to substitute inorganic fertilizer on seedling nursery play. The use of media with the composition of the piece of land sub soil mixed with four parts bokashi leather waste robusta coffee in the coffee nursery on the main nursery gives good results.
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Ky, C. L., S. Doulbeau, B. Guyot, S. Akaffou, A. Charrier, S. Hamon, J. Louarn, and M. Noirot. "Inheritance of coffee bean sucrose content in the interspecific cross Coffea pseudozanguebariaex Coffea liberica'dewevrei'." Plant Breeding 119, no. 2 (April 2000): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00464.x.
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Perdani, C. G., D. Pranowo, and Qonitatilah. "Total phenols content of green coffee (Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora) in East Java." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 230 (February 19, 2019): 012093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/230/1/012093.
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Coutinho, T. A., F. H. J. Rijkenberg, and M. A. J. van Asch. "Development of infection structures by Hemileia vastatrix in resistant and susceptible selections of Coffea and in Phaseolus vulgaris." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 8 (August 1, 1993): 1001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-115.
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The sequence of events leading to successful infection of Coffea by Hemileia vastatrix, following the formation of an appressorium over a stoma, was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. In the host, Coffea arabica, a torpedoshaped substomatal vesicle initial develops bilaterally from the apex of the infection wedge, while in the nonhost, Phaseolus vulgaris, the infection wedge protrudes into the substomatal chamber. The substomatal vesicle in both host and nonhost, at 48 h postinoculation, is anchor shaped. Haustorial mother cells are formed on stubby primary infection hyphae that curve back onto subsidiary cells. No differences in appearance of these structures were noted between resistant and susceptible coffee selections. A much-branched mycelium ramifies through the intercellular spaces of the mesophyll cells 96 h postinoculation in the host. In bean, the SSV began to collapse 48 h postinoculation. Key words: coffee leaf rust, infection, penetration, Coffea, appressorium, substomatal vesicle.
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VAN DER VOSSEN, H. A. M. "THE CUP QUALITY OF DISEASE-RESISTANT CULTIVARS OF ARABICA COFFEE (Coffea arabica)." Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 3 (July 2009): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479709007595.
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SUMMARYTraditional cultivars of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) are susceptible to coffee leaf rust (CLR, Hemileia vastatrix) and coffee berry disease (CBD, Colletotrichum kahawae). CLR is of worldwide importance, while CBD is still restricted to Africa. Host resistances present in C. canephora to both destructive diseases have been successfully introgressed into C. arabica, after several decades of breeding and selection notably in Brazil, Colombia, India and for CBD resistance in East Africa. CLR resistant cultivars have since been grown on hundreds of thousands of hectares in Latin America and elsewhere, while CBD (and CLR) resistant cultivars are now increasingly being planted in East and South Eastern Africa. They contribute to ecologically sustainable coffee production and to considerable socio-economic benefits for the coffee growers. Nevertheless, some representatives of the international coffee trade continue to be sceptical about the cup quality of these modern cultivars. This paper presents an overview of the considerable amount of scientific evidence accumulated over the years showing that, with all environmental factors at optimum level, disease-resistant cultivars can produce quality coffees as good as those from the best traditional varieties.
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Carducci, Fernando Cesar, Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca, Willian Gabriel dos Santos, Carlos Theodoro Motta Pereira, Valdir Mariucci Junior, Tumoru Sera, and Gustavo Hiroshi Sera. "Resistance to red mite in Coffea arabica genotype introgressed with Coffea racemosa genes." Australian Journal of Crop Science, no. 13(05) 2019 (May 20, 2019): 683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.05.p1254.
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The aim of this study was to assess the resistance to red mite (Oligonychus ilicis) in Coffea arabica genotypes with introgression of genes from a different species (Coffea racemosa). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at IAPAR (Londrina, PR, Brazil), between January 2016 and January 2017. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five genotypes, 12 replications of one plant per plot. The C. arabica cultivars IPR 100, IPR 99 and IPR 103 were evaluated as well as an F4 Arabica coffee line IAPAR H0113-40-26-10 with introgressed C. racemosa genes. Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 cultivar, which is a pure C. arabica, was used as a susceptible control. In conditions of high natural infestation of red mite, the resistance of coffee genotypes was evaluated using a standard visual evaluation in January 2017. This evaluation was based on the percentage of leaf area with typical symptoms caused by this mite. Only one genotype, the F4 line IAPAR H0113-40-26-10 showed resistance to the red mite because present less leaf area with symptoms compared to other genotypes. The Arabica coffee cultivars IPR 99, IPR 100 and IPR 103 are as susceptible to red mite as to the susceptible control Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99.
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Lusiana, Safitri, Mukarlina Mukarlina, and Zulfa Zakiah. "Daya Hambat Isolat Jamur Rizosfer Tanaman Kopi (Coffea sp.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Penyebab Busuk Buah Kopi (Coffea sp.)." JURNAL BIOS LOGOS 12, no. 1 (February 5, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i1.35872.
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Fruit rot disease in coffee plants (Coffea sp.) is caused by pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp.). Control of coffee berry rot disease can be done by using biological agents in the form of rhizosphere fungi which have antagonistic properties against pathogenic fungi. This study aims to determine the type of fungus from coffee fruit rot and rhizosphere fungi and to determine the ability of rhizosphere fungi to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. The study was conducted in January-April 2020. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. Sampling was carried out in a coffee plantation (Coffea sp.) Punggur Kecil Village, Kubu Raya Regency. Fungal isolation was carried out using the dilution method and the antagonist test was carried out using the paired method. Based on the results of the study, there was an inhibition of the growth of the fungus Fusarium sp. JPTK1 and Fusarium sp. JPTK2 by Trichoderma sp. JRTK3 with the highest percentage of antagonists were 37.12% and 70.48%, respectively.Keywords: fruit rot disease; biological agents; coffee; rhizosphere fungiAbstrakPenyakit busuk buah pada tanaman kopi (Coffea sp.) disebabkan oleh jamur patogen (Fusarium sp.). Pengendalian penyakit busuk buah kopi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan agen hayati berupa jamur rizosfer yang memiliki sifat antagonis terhadap jamur patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur dari busuk buah kopi dan jamur rizosfer serta untuk mengetahui kemampuan jamur rizosfer dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali pengulangan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di perkebunan kopi (Coffea sp.) Desa Punggur Kecil Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Isolasi jamur dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran dan uji antagonis dilakukan dengan metode berpasangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terjadi penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp. JPTK1 dan Fusarium sp. JPTK2 oleh Trichoderma sp. JRTK3 dengan persentase antagonis tertinggi masing-masing yaitu 37,12% dan 70,48%. Kata kunci: penyakit busuk buah; agen hayati; kopi; jamur rizosfer.
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Cubry, Philippe, Pascal Musoli, Hyacinte Legnaté, David Pot, Fabien de Bellis, Valérie Poncet, François Anthony, Magali Dufour, and Thierry Leroy. "Diversity in coffee assessed with SSR markers: structure of the genus Coffea and perspectives for breeding." Genome 51, no. 1 (January 2008): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g07-096.
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The present study shows transferability of microsatellite markers developed in the two cultivated coffee species ( Coffea arabica L. and C. canephora Pierre ex Froehn.) to 15 species representing the previously identified main groups of the genus Coffea. Evaluation of the genetic diversity and available resources within Coffea and development of molecular markers transferable across species are important steps for breeding of the two cultivated species. We worked on 15 species with 60 microsatellite markers developed using different strategies (SSR-enriched libraries, BAC libraries, gene sequences). We focused our analysis on 4 species used for commercial or breeding purposes. Our results establish the high transferability of microsatellite markers within Coffea. We show the large amount of diversity available within wild species for breeding applications. Finally we discuss the consequences for future comparative mapping studies and breeding of the two cultivated species.
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Cui, Lei, Katharina Hanika, Richard G. F. Visser, and Yuling Bai. "Improving Pathogen Resistance by Exploiting Plant Susceptibility Genes in Coffee (Coffea spp.)." Agronomy 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121928.
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Coffee (Coffea spp.) is an economically important crop widely cultivated in (sub) tropical countries worldwide. Commercial coffee production relies mainly on two related species, namely C. arabica and C. canephora. Due to their perennial growth habit, cultivation practices, and narrow genetic diversity, coffees are constantly exposed to many diseases and pests. Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. et Br.), coffee berry disease (Colletotrichum kahawae Bridge and Waller), and coffee wilt disease (Gibberella xylarioides Heim and Saccas/Fusarium xylarioides) are the top fungal diseases affecting C. arabica and C. canephora production areas worldwide. In many regions, chemical-based control measures are widely used and are the only way to control the diseases. Developing resistant cultivars is one of the prerequisites for increasing sustainable market demand and agriculture. However, desired and required resistance traits are not always available in the gene pool. Furthermore, from other crops it is clear that dominant resistance genes introduced into varieties are not durable because of pathogen variability and the emergence of new races of the different pathogens. Utilization of altered susceptibility genes (S genes) offers a novel and alternative strategy for the breeding of durable and broad-spectrum resistance. The S gene encodes a host factor that facilitates a compatible interaction with the pathogen, and impairment of S genes leads to loss-of-susceptibility. In this review, guidelines for effective identification, characterization, and utilization of dysfunctional S genes are proposed to aid breeding activities in order to introduce durable resistance in Coffea spp. Several candidate S genes likely contributing to the susceptibility of Colletotrichum spp., Fusarium spp., and Meloidogyne spp. are discussed. With the rapid development of genetic engineering techniques, including CRISPR-associated systems, we now have the potential to accelerate the application of S genes to achieve durable resistance in coffee.
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García, Francisco Javier López, and Juan Guillermo Cruz Castillo. "YIELD OF Coffea arabica GRAFTED ONTO Coffea canephora IN SOILS INFESTED WITH NEMATODES IN MEXICO." Coffee Science 14, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.25186/cs.v14i3.1579.
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The total of three consecutive years of fruit production was evaluated in six coffee cultivars (<em>Coffea arabica L</em>.) propagated by seed and grafted onto Robusta (<em>Coffea canephora</em> var. Robusta). The plantations were established at 640 m, 920 m, and 1340 m altitude in the central region of the Veracruz State, Mexico. The <em>coffea</em> plants were established in soils naturally infested with nematodes. Grafted plants had higher production than those propagated by seed. Fruit production was higher at 640 m and 920 m than at 1340 m for the two types of propagation. The cultivars Colombia Brote Café and Colombia Brote Verde had the highest fruit yield regardless of the propagation methods; in contrast, Pacamara, had the lowest. The grafted coffee plants that were planted at 1340 m had a yield reduction of 27% in comparison with those at 640 and 920 m. When the Costa Rica 95 variety was grafted, it achieved fruit yield similar to Colombia Brote Verde and Colombia Brote Café. Pacamara produced almost 28% more fruit when it was grafted onto Robusta.
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Nguyen, Thi Thuy, Thi Huyen Ngoc Hoang, Manh Ha Nguyen, Thanh Binh Nguyen, Ngoc Thang Nguyen, Cong Long Nguyen, and Quoc Nam Hoang. "Land suitability evaluation for sustainable development planning major perennial industrial crops in the Central Highlands." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 64, no. 5 (May 25, 2022): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.64(5).75-80.
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The Central Highlands is a major agricultural production region of Vietnam with essential agricultural products such as coffee, pepper, and rubber. However, the agricultural development of the region is currently facing many challenges from the massive development of these industrial crops. The cause is the decline of natural resources (land, water, forest) due to over-exploitation to expand production area and the increase in negative impacts of climate change on agricultural cultivation. Therefore, land suitability assessment to monitor, adjust and stabilize the specialized farming areas according to specific natural advantages and adapt to climate change is considered as a feasible approach to solve these problems. This study was carried out to identify suitable planting areas for essential industrial crops (coffee, pepper, rubber) in the Central Highlands. ALES-GIS integrated model with 13 criteria was used to assess the suitability of land for crops in terms of ecology and environment. The study results showed that the very suitable area (S1) and moderately suitable area (S2) of coffea robustaaccounted for 23.7%, coffea arabica accounted for 4.4%, pepper accounted for 29.3%, rubber accounted for 18.5% of the whole region land area. The assessment results have contributed to providing a scientific basis for orienting land use to 2030 for sustainable development in the Central Highlands, in which the coffee area is 432,775.9 ha (369,357.6 ha for coffea robusta and 63,418.2 ha for coffea arabica), pepper cultivation is 80,589.5 ha, and rubber plantation is 247,621.0 ha.
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Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves, Alan Carvalho Andrade, Carlos Augusto Colombo, Ana Heloneida de Araújo Moraes, Ângela Metha, Angélica Carvalho de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Labate, et al. "Brazilian coffee genome project: an EST-based genomic resource." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 18, no. 1 (March 2006): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202006000100008.
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Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities and ranks second on international trade exchanges. The genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family which includes other important plants. The genus contains about 100 species but commercial production is based only on two species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that represent about 70 % and 30 % of the total coffee market, respectively. The Brazilian Coffee Genome Project was designed with the objective of making modern genomics resources available to the coffee scientific community, working on different aspects of the coffee production chain. We have single-pass sequenced a total of 214,964 randomly picked clones from 37 cDNA libraries of C. arabica, C. canephora and C. racemosa, representing specific stages of cells and plant development that after trimming resulted in 130,792, 12,381 and 10,566 sequences for each species, respectively. The ESTs clustered into 17,982 clusters and 32,155 singletons. Blast analysis of these sequences revealed that 22 % had no significant matches to sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database (of known or unknown function). The generated coffee EST database resulted in the identification of close to 33,000 different unigenes. Annotated sequencing results have been stored in an online database at <A HREF="http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe">http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe</A>. Resources developed in this project provide genetic and genomic tools that may hold the key to the sustainability, competitiveness and future viability of the coffee industry in local and international markets.
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Yousuf, Fazila, Peter A. Follett, Conrad P. D. T. Gillett, David Honsberger, Lourdes Chamorro, M. Tracy Johnson, Marisol Giraldo-Jaramillo, Pablo Benavides-Machado, and Mark G. Wright. "Limited host range in the idiobiont parasitoid Phymastichus coffea, a prospective biological control agent of the coffee pest Hypothenemus hampei in Hawaii." Journal of Pest Science 94, no. 4 (March 9, 2021): 1183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01353-8.
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AbstractPhymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) is an adult endoparasitoid of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae:Scolytinae), which has been introduced in many coffee producing countries as a biological control agent. To determine the effectiveness of P. coffea against H. hampei and environmental safety for release in Hawaii, we investigated the host selection and parasitism response of adult females to 43 different species of Coleoptera, including 23 Scolytinae (six Hypothenemus species and 17 others), and four additional Curculionidae. Non-target testing included Hawaiian endemic, exotic and beneficial coleopteran species. Using a no-choice laboratory bioassay, we demonstrated that P. coffea was only able to parasitize the target host H. hampei and four other adventive species of Hypothenemus: H. obscurus, H. seriatus, H. birmanus and H. crudiae. Hypothenemus hampei had the highest parasitism rate and shortest parasitoid development time of the five parasitized Hypothenemus spp. Parasitism and parasitoid emergence decreased with decreasing phylogenetic relatedness of the Hypothenemus spp. to H. hampei, and the most distantly related species, H. eruditus, was not parasitized. These results suggest that the risk of harmful non-target impacts is low because there are no native species of Hypothenemus in Hawaii, and P. coffea could be safely introduced for classical biological control of H. hampei in Hawaii.
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Cagliani, Laura Ruth, Gloria Pellegrino, Graziella Giugno, and Roberto Consonni. "Quantification of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora var. robusta in roasted and ground coffee blends." Talanta 106 (March 2013): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2012.12.003.
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Wijaya, Willy, Rini Devijanti Ridwan, and Hendrik Setia Budi. "Antibacterial ability of arabica (Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee extract on Lactobacillus acidophilus." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 49, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v49.i2.p99-103.
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Background: Dental caries is the most commonly dental health problem found in Indonesia. Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) is bacteria playing a role in the development and continuation of caries. Some researches in Dentistry Faculty show that many plants are efficacious for oral health. One of them is coffee bean. Coffee bean containing caffeine, phenolic, trigonelline, and chlorogenic acid is reported to have antimicrobial activity. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the differences in the inhibition of Arabica and Robusta coffee extract to L. acidophilus. Method: This research was an laboratory experimental research. The method used was well diffusion method using seven samples for each treatment group. BHI-A and inoculated L.acidophilus bacteria was poured into each petri dish, and then 8 pitted holes were made with a diameter of 5mm and a depth of 3mm using a ring. Next, Arabica or Robusta coffee extracts at a concentration of 100%, 75%, 50%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% were put into each of the pitted hole until it was full, and a negative control was also prepared. They then were put in an incubator at a temperature of 37 °C for 24 hours. Afterwards, measurements and observations were conducted on inhibition zone area. Result: Robusta coffee extract at the concentrations of 100% and 75% had greater inhibitory than Arabica coffee extract (p<0.05). Meanwhile, Arabica and Robusta coffee extracts at the concentrations of 50% and 25% had no significant inhibitory difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, Robusta and Arabica coffee extracts have inhibitory effects on L.acidophilus. Robusta coffee bean extract, nevertheless, has better inhibitory effects than Arabica coffee bean extract.
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Nguyen, Sy Dinh, and Hunseung Kang. "Gene cloning and transformation of Arabidopsis plant to study the functions of the Early Responsive to Dehydration gene (ERD4) in coffee genome." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i2.789.
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Coffee plant is one of the most important industrial crops, and the two popular cultivars, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora, contribute to the production of almost all coffee beans around the world. Although the demand for coffee beans is continually increasing, the steady production of coffee beans is hampered by many factors, such as environmental stresses, insect pests, and diseases. Traditional breeding could be used to develop new coffee cultivars with a higher productivity under these harsh conditions, and a biotechnological approach can also be used to improve coffee plants in a relatively short period of time. To develop new coffee cultivars via a biotechnological approach, it is necessary to discover potential candidate genes and determine their functions in coffee plants. However, it is technically difficult to introduce foreign genes into coffee genome and takes long time to analyze gene function in coffee plants. To overcome these technical difficulties, the potential coffee genes could be cloned and introduced into Arabidopsis for the rapid analysis of its biological functions under harsh environmental conditions.
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Speer, Karl, and Isabelle Kölling-Speer. "The lipid fraction of the coffee bean." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 18, no. 1 (March 2006): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202006000100014.
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The lipid fraction of coffee is composed mainly of triacylglycerols, sterols and tocopherols, the typical components found in all common edible vegetable oils. Additionally, the so-called coffee oil contains diterpenes of the kaurene family in proportions of up to 20 % of the total lipids. Diterpenes are of interest because of their analytical and physiological effects. The composition of the main lipid components of the two most important coffee species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canphora var. Robusta is presented. In addition, the influences of typical processes like roasting and steaming on selected lipid components as well as the effects of the storage of green coffee beans under different conditions will be described. Furthermore, new findings regarding the 5-hydroxytryptamides, the main parts of the coffee wax located on the outer layer of the bean and the recently identified components coffeadiol and arabiol I will also be discussed.
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Saadah, Saadah, and Agusti Efi. "Pengaruh Perbedaan Mordan Terhadap Hasil Pencelupan Pada Bahan Katun Menggunakan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kopi (Coffea)." Indonesian Journal of Education Research 1, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/edunesia.v1i1.7.
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Abstrak
Perkembangan warna tekstil dengan zat kimia banyak membawa dampak negatif terutama bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan kulit. Oleh sebab itu orang kembali menggunakan zat warna alam, maka dalam penelitian ini meneliti kulit buah kopi untuk zat warna alam.
Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang bersumber dari 15 orang panelis, kemudian data yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Friedman K-Related Sample dan persen dengan SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) Versi 21.0. penulis melakukan eksperimen kulit buah kopi menjadi ekstrak warna dengan perbndingan 1:10 menggunakan mordan asam cuka, soda kue dan kapur sirih.
Pencelupan bahan katun dengan ekstrak kulit buah kopi (Coffea) menggunakan mordan asam cuka Off-White dengan kode warna #1DBCA dan kerataan warna yang rata, pencelupan ekstrak kulit buah kopi (Coffea) menggunakan mordan soda kue menghasilkan warna Wheat Lihgt Brown dengan kode warna #FDB4D4 dan kerataan warna yang cukup rata, pencelupan ekstrak kulit buah kopi (Coffea) menggunakan mordan kapur sirih menghasilkan warna Sepia Brown dengan kode warna #974706 dan dengan kerataan warna yang rata. pada kerataan warna menunjukkan hasil 0,528 > 0,5 yang artinya HO diterima. artinya tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan akibat perbedaan mordan terhadap kerataan warna dalam pencelupan bahan katun.
Kata Kunci: pengaruh, perbedaan mordan, pencelupan, bahan katun, ekstrak kulit buah kopi
Abstract
The development of textile colors with chemicals has many negative impacts, especially on the environment and skin health. Therefore people re-use natural dyes. So in this study, the authors examined the skin of coffee fruit for natural dyes.
This type of research is experimental research. The data used are primary data sourced from 15 panelists, then the collected data is processed and analyzed using the Friedman K-Related Sample Test and percent with SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) Version 21.0. The author conducted a coffee fruit skin experiment into a color extract with a ratio of 1:10 using mordan vinegar, baking soda, and whiting .
Immersion of cotton with coffee fruit skin extract (Coffea) using mordan acid vinegar Off-White with color code # 1DBCA and flat color uniformity, dyeing coffee fruit skin extract (Coffea) using mordan soda cake to produce Wheat Light Brown color with color code # FDB4D4 and fairly flat color evenness, immersion extract of coffee fruit skin (Coffea) using mordan whiting produces Sepia Brown color with color code # 974706 and with flat color evenness. on the flatness of color shows the results 0.528> 0.5, which means that HO is accepted. meaning that there is no significant effect due to differences in mordan on the evenness of color in dyeing cotton.
Keywords: influence, differences in mordan, dyeing, cotton, coffee skin extract
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Rizkyanti, Nilam Ratna, Herman Herman, and Fika Aryati. "Isolasi Fungi Endofit Daun Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora)." Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences 14 (December 31, 2021): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v14i1.569.
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Endophytic fungi are organisms that live in plant tissues that have the potential to produce the same secondary metabolites as their host. This study attempted to isolate and also characterize endophytic fungi from Robusta coffee leaves (Coffea canephora). Data collection was carried out in several stages, namely isolation of endophytic fungi by surface sterilization method, and conventional characterization of endophytic fungi by observing the morphology of endophytic fungi. The results showed that as many as 4 isolates of endophytic fungi were isolated from Robusta coffee leaves (Coffea canephora) with macroscopic characteristics of white color with orange circle edges, cotton-like shape, and green and orange spots on the underside of the fungus.
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de Sousa, Leandro Pio, Oliveiro Guerreiro Filho, and Jorge Maurício Costa Mondego. "Differences between the Leaf Mycobiome of Coffea arabica and Wild Coffee Species and Their Modulation by Caffeine/Chlorogenic Acid Content." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (November 5, 2021): 2296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112296.
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The study of microbes associated with the coffee tree has been gaining strength in recent years. In this work, we compared the leaf mycobiome of the traditional crop Coffea arabica with wild species Coffea racemosa and Coffea stenophylla using ITS sequencing for qualitative information and real-time PCR for quantitative information, seeking to relate the mycobiomes with the content of caffeine and chlorogenic acid in leaves. Dothideomycetes, Wallemiomycetes, and Tremellomycetes are the dominant classes of fungi. The core leaf mycobiome among the three Coffea species is formed by Hannaella, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus, Erythrobasidium, and Alternaria. A network analysis showed that Phoma, an important C. arabica pathogen, is negatively related to six fungal species present in C. racemosa and C. stenophylla and absent in C. arabica. Finally, C. arabica have more than 35 times the concentration of caffeine and 2.5 times the concentration of chlorogenic acid than C. stenophylla and C. racemosa. The relationship between caffeine/chlorogenic acid content, the leaf mycobiome, and genotype pathogen resistance is discussed.
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Budi, I. Made, and Arsyam Mawardi. "Identifikasi Molekular Kekerabatan Genetik Kopi Wamena Berbasis Marka Random Amplified of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1322.
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Baliem Coffee or Wamena Arabica Coffee is classified as a specialty coffee that has a distinctive aroma and taste as one of the world's best coffees. Wamena coffee has a high commercial value, there are many advantages of Wamena coffee. Growing on a variety of soil types, elevation, coffee variety, and durable. The quality of Wamena coffee must be maintained by the local government. However, this elite coffee germplasm is threatened with extinction and is in a dangerous situation due to habitat destruction due to forest clearing, land use change and the potential for competition with various disease-resistant varieties. This study aims to identify molecularly the genetic relationship of Wamena Arabica coffee in Jayawijaya district with the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers as molecular markers. The stages in this study were sample collection, morphological observations, genomic DNA extracted using the CTAB method, gene amplification process using PCR-RAPD molecular markers with ten primers, measurement of DNA concentration using a spectrophotometer, and data analysis using UPGMA NTSYS version 2.1. The electroferogram results showed that pRAPD1, pRAPD2 and pRAPD5 primers produced a band pattern with high polymorphism as well as indicating the genetic diversity of the Coffea arabica L. arabica coffee samples tested. Based on the dendogram construction analysis, the arabica coffee sample Coffea arabica L. which was tested on 5 coffee genotypes, obtained 2 coffee groups, namely Group 1 consisting of one variety, namely sample (V) Arabica Typica from the Assolokobal area. Group 2 with four varieties, namely samples (I) Arabica Catimor, (II) USDA, (III) Arabica PM 88, and (IV) Arabica Linies 795, from Wollo. Phylogenetic tree construction resulted in a similarity coefficient of 83%, indicating the high relationship between Arabica coffee populations. The results of this study have obtained a genetic fingerprint profile of wamena specialty arabica coffee, namely its genetic relationship. The superiority of the genetic composition of Wamena coffee in Jayawijaya district in the future has the potential to be derived through much more advanced molecular technology.
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Defitri, Yuza. "PENGAMATAN BEBERAPA PENYAKIT yang MENYERANG TANAMAN KOPI (Coffea sp) di DESA MEKAR JAYA KECAMATAN BETARA KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG BARAT." Jurnal Media Pertanian 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2016): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v1i2.19.
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AbstractThe research about the observation of diseases that attack Coffee plants (Coffea sp.) in Mekar Jaya village Betara subdistrict Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, and Agriculture Quarantine Laboratory Jambi had been done for six months. The aim of this research is to identification the disease that attack coffee plants. The research was conducted by observing the disease which in coffea plants area, and identificaton pathogenic fungi in laboratory by moist chamber method using microscop and also fungi identifications book. The result of this research showed that there were three pathogenic fungies which attack Coffee plants namely: 1) Hemileia sp wich caused coffee leaft rust disease, 2) Cercospora coffeicola wich caused Brown eye-spot disease, and 3) Upasia salmanicolor wich caused Upas fungi disease. Keywords : Pathogenic fungi, Cooffee Plants Disease, Coffee Plants. AbstrakPenelitian tentang pengamatan beberapa penyakit yang menyerang tanaman Kopi (Coffea sp) di desa Mekar Jaya kecamatan Betara kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat dan di Laboratorium Karantina Pertanian Jambi telah dilakukan selama 6 bulan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kopi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati gejala penyakit di lapangan dan mengidentifikasi jamur patogen di laboratorium secara moist chamber dengan menggunakan mikroskop dan buku identifikasi jamur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan tiga jamur patogen yang menyerang tanaman kopi yaitu: 1) . Hemileia sp penyebab penyakit Karat Daun 2) Cercospora coffeicola penyebab penyakit Bercak Daun, 3) Upasia salmanicolor penyebab penyakit Jamur upas. Kata Kunci : Jamur Patogen, Penyakit tanaman kopi, Tanaman kopi
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Arvi, Danil, Syakur Syakur, and Abubakar Karim. "Hubungan Ketinggian Tempat Dan Kelerengan Terhadap Produksi Kopi Arabika Gayo 1 Di Kabupaten Gayo Lues." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 4, no. 4 (March 8, 2020): 596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i4.12826.
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Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran ketinggian tempat dan kemiringan lereng terhadap produksi kopi arabika (Coffea arabicca) di Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Hasil overlay peta ketinggian tempat, peta kelerengan, peta jenis tanah dan peta eksisting kopi Arabika diperoleh 25 satuan peta lahan untuk pengamatan produksi kopi. Dari 25 satuan peta lahan hanya diperoleh 8 satuan peta lahan yang memenuhi syarat untuk dilakukan pengamatan. Delapan SPL yang memenuhi persyaratan dimaksud adalah sesuai dengan kriteria kebun kopi yang ditanam seragam dan hampir seragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi biji bersih tertinggi terdapat pada satuan peta lahan 8 yaitu pada ketinggian tempat 1.000 – 1.200 m dpl dan kelerengan 8%.The Elevation Relation And Slope Toward Gayo 1 Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Production In Gayo LuesAbstract. The purpose of the study was to know the location with the highest production of arabicca coffee (Coffea Arabica) in Gayo Lues. The results of overlapping maps of altitude, slope maps, maps of soil types and existing maps of Arabica coffee, 25 Land maping unit were obtained for observing coffee production. of the 25 Land maping unit only 8 Land maping unit were found to be eligible for observation. 8 Land maping unit that meet the requirements are in accordance with the criteria for coffee plantations which are planted uniformly and almost uniformly. The results showed the highest net seed production found in Land maping unit 8, namely at altitudes of 1.000 – 1.200 m asl and slope 8%.
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Davis, Aaron P., and Franck Rakotonasolo. "Six new species of coffee (Coffea) from northern Madagascar." Kew Bulletin 76, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-021-09952-5.
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SummarySix new species of Coffea are described as new to science: Coffea callmanderi, C. darainensis, C. kalobinonensis, C. microdubardii, C. pustulata and C. rupicola. All six species are endemic to northern Madagascar; four species are narrowly endemic to specific forest areas. Associated information, including distribution maps, conservation assessments, phenology and taxonomic notes are provided, and two species are illustrated with line drawings.
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Ariesanti, Yessy, Ferry Sandra, Bianda Claresta, and Livia Alvita. "Coffea canephora Bean Extract Induces NIH3T3 Cell Migration." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 13, no. 2 (June 14, 2021): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1522.
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BACKGROUND: Wound healing is an essential biological process that consists of sequential steps aimed at restoring the architecture and function of damaged cells and tissues. There are empirical evidences of using pure coffee bean powder as an alternative medicine in treating various types of wounds. However, there is limited data on coffee-induced wound healing, especially migration of cells. Therefore, current study was conducted to investigate the role of coffee extract in cell migration, especially fibroblast which is important for wound healing.METHODS: Coffea canephora beans were prepared, extracted and added in the NIH3T3 cell culture in final concentration of 2.5% and 5%. Then cytotoxicity test was performed using Na,30-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzenesulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) assay. Meanwhile, cell migration test was performed with scratch assay. All results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: The 2.5% or 5% Coffea canephora beans extract (CCBE)-treated NIH3T3 cell numbers were almost similar with the numbers of NIH3T3 cells in starvation medium merely. Meanwhile, 2.5% and 5% CCBE showed significant decrease of the widths of scratched areas compared to starvation medium merely (ANOVA with LSD Post-hoc, p=0.000). After 24 h and 48 h, the average widths of 2.5% and 5% CCBE-treated scratched areas were 235.68±22.79, 50.36±5.29, 229.95±23.01, 27.68±2.83, respectively.CONCLUSION: Since both 2.5% and 5% CCBE are potential in inducing migration of fibroblast (NIH3T3 cell) and do not induce cytotoxicity, the CCBE could be potential as an agent for wound healing.KEYWORDS: coffee, Coffea canephora, NIH3T3, migration, cytotoxicity
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Mori, Andre Luiz Buzzo, Marcelo Caldeira Viegas, Maria Amélia Gava Ferrão, Aymbiré Francisco Fonseca, Romário Gava Ferrão, and Marta Toledo Benassi. "Coffee brews composition from coffea canephora cultivars with different fruit-ripening seasons." British Food Journal 122, no. 3 (January 6, 2020): 827–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2019-0203.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the contents of bioactive compounds and/or that of interest for the brew quality (trigonelline, caffeine, total chlorogenic acids and melanoidins), acidity and antioxidant activity (AA) of roasted coffee brews produced with Coffea canephora.Design/methodology/approachCoffee samples corresponded to three cultivars – Diamante ES8112, ES8122 “Jequitibá,” and Centenária ES8132 – with different fruit-ripening seasons (early, medium and late, respectively). The study evaluated five genotypes from each cultivar and coffees were cultivated in two sites, a total of 30 samples.FindingsThe average contents on the coffee brews varied from 1,176 to 1,452 µg mL−1 for caffeine; from 206 to 413 µg mL−1 for trigonelline; from 528 to 942 µg mL−1 for total chlorogenic acids; from 6.8 to 7.8 mg mL−1 for melanoidins; showing total titratable acidity between 1.15 and 1.79 mL of NaOH 0.1 mol L−1 by 20 mL of the brew. AA varied from 6.78 to 8.80 mg of TROLOX mL−1, correlating positively with the contents of caffeine, total chlorogenic acids, melanoidins. Fruit-ripening seasons had no effect on coffee brew composition and AA.Originality/valueThe results presented provide not only a unique analysis of coffee brew from genotypes developed to improve the good agricultural practice and brew quality, but also relevant information that can be extended for research in coffee composition and for the coffee industry.