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1
Twinomuhwezi, Hannington, Pius Wozeyi, Victory S. Igwe, Ikechukwu O. Amagwula, and Chinaza G. Awuchi. "Heat of Combustion of Coffee Pulp and Husks as Alternative Sources of Renewable Energy." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.2.241.
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The study determined the amount of heat energy (heat of combustion) produced per unit mass from coffee pulp and coffee husks to see if these can be used as alternative sources of energy. The samples were obtained from Mount Elgon areas in Eastern Uganda. The objectives determined the amount of heat produced per unit mass from coffee husk and pulp and compared the amount of heat produced per unit mass from the coffee husk and coffee pulp. The coffee husk and pulp were dried, ground and sieved using a 150 microns diameter sieve. The resultant powder was analyzed using IKA C200 bomb calorimeter. The Heat values produced per unit mass from coffee husk and pulp were 15.389KJg-1 and 13.755KJg-1 respectively. Further analysis showed that both coffee pulp and coffee husks could be used as fuels for renewable energy. However, from the findings, it is recommended that coffee husks should be preferred as a better source of fuel since it generated 1.634KJg-1 more energy than the coffee pulp. Comprehensive study should be carried out on the two samples to obtain a complete fuel description of the samples.
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Garing, Yunita, Z. Poli, F. J. Nangoy, and P. R. R. I. Montong. "PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KULIT KOPI (Coffea sp) SECARA SEDERHANA UNTUK MENGGANTIKAN SEBAGIAN JAGUNG DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS KARKAS AYAM PEDAGING." ZOOTEC 40, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.40.1.2020.27185.
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CARCASS QUALITY OF BROILER FED RATION CONTAINING COFFEE (Coffea sp) HUSK WASTE PRODUCT TREATED BY SIMPLE PROCESSING AND SUBSTITUTING PARTS OF CORN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS. The aim of this research was to know coffee husk waste product treated by simple processing and substituting parts of corn on body weight, carcass percentage and weight of abdominal fat Study was applied at Faculty of Animal Science, Sam Ratulangi University during 35 days. Total of 144 day old chick unsexed broilers, strain of CP 707, involving 36 experimental units of battery pens were used in this study. Each unit of pen was filled 4 birds under completely randomized design on factorial patter of 3x4. Factor A was focused on three processing treatments including coffee husk heated under sun light (A1), coffee husk immersed in the water (A2), and coffee husk boiled under water (A3). Factor B was focused on four treatments of substitution levels including ration containing corn without coffee husk substitution (B0), ration containing corn substituted with 25% coffee husk (B1), ration containing corn substituted with 50% coffee husk (B2), ration containing corn substituted with 75% coffee husk (B3). Variables observed were including final body weight, carcass weight percentage and abdominal fat weight. Analysis of variance showed that interaction of processing treatments did not affect significantly on final body weight, carcass weight percentage and abdominal fat weight. This study showed that utilization of coffee husk waste product by above simple processing could substitute part of corn in ration of 25% - 75% producing high carcass quality of broiler. Key word: Coffee husk by product, corn, broiler carcass percentage
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Kaligis, Fransiska, J. F. Umboh, Ch J. Pontoh, and C. A. Rahasia. "PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI DEDAK HALUS DENGAN TEPUNG KULIT BUAH KOPI DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KECERNAAN ENERGI DAN PROTEIN PADA TERNAK BABI FASE GROWER." ZOOTEC 37, no. 2 (April 27, 2017): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.37.2.2017.15787.
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EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION OF RICE BRAN WITH COFFEE HUSK MEAL IN THE DIETS ON ENERGY AND PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY OF GROWING PIGS. A study was conducted todetermine the effects of substitution of rice bran with coffee husk meal in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The present study was conducted for 60 days, using 20 castrated male Duroc X Spotted Poland China, aged 2.5–3.0 months with an averaged body weight of 30.1–40.0 kg. Treatment diets were formulated as follow: R0 = 25% rice bran + 0% coffee husk meal (without coffee husk meal); R1 = 18.75% rice bran + 6.25% coffee husk meal (substitution of 25%); R2 = 12.5% rice bran + 12.5% coffee husk meal (substitution of 50%); R3 = 6.25% rice bran + 18.75% coffee husk meal (substitution of 75%); and R4 = 0% rice bran + 100% coffee husk meal (substitution of 100%). Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications (blocks) was used as a statistical analysis (Anova). An Orthogonal Contrast test was further employed to analyze treatment differences. Different between treatment (s) was declared at P < 0,05. Parameters measured were energy and protein digestibility. Research results showed that there was no significant differences (P > 0,05) were found among treatments on energy and protein digestibility. It can be concluded that coffee husk meal can be used up to 100% to replace rice bran or 25% in the diets of growing pigs.Key words: Pig, rice bran, coffe husk, energy, protein digestibility
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Antarani, Indriani, J. T. Laihad, Z. Poli, and P. R. R. I. Montong. "PENAMPILAN KARKAS AYAM PEDAGING DENGAN PEMBERIAN KULIT KOPI (Coffea sp) PENGOLAHAN SEDERHANA SUBSTITUSI SEBAGIAN JAGUNG DENGAN LEVEL YANG BERBEDA." ZOOTEC 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2020): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.40.1.2020.26950.
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CARCASS PERFORMANCE OF BROILER FED RATION CONTAINING COFFEE (Coffea sp) HUSK WASTE PRODUCT TREATED BY SIMPLE PROCESSING AND SUBSTITUTING PARTS OF CORN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS. Broilers had rapid growth rate and need high nutrient protein and energy balance in the diet. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of coffee husk waste product treated by simple processing substituted with part of corn in ration on carcass percentage of broiler. Study was applied at Faculty of Animal Science, Sam Ratulangi University during 35 days. Total of 144 day old chick unsexed broilers, strain of CP 707, involving 36 experimental units of battery pens were used in this study. Each unit of pen was filled 4 birds under completely randomized design on factorial patter of 3x4. Factor A was focused on three processing treatments including coffee husk heated under sun light (A1), coffee husk immersed in the water (A2), and coffee husk boiled under water (A3). Factor B was focused on four treatments of substitution levels including ration containing corn without coffee husk substitution (B0), ration containing corn substituted with 25% coffee husk (B1), ration containing corn substituted with 50% coffee husk (B2), ration containing corn substituted with 75% coffee husk (B3). Variables observed were including percentages of thigh, wing, breast and back part. Analysis of variance showed that interaction of processing treatments did not affect significantly on the percentages of thigh, wing, breast and back part. This study indicated that simple processing of coffee husk were not affected the carcass percentages of broiler. The substitution levels significantly affected carcass percentage of broiler. Percentages of thigh, wing, breast and back part were 28.92%-30.98%, 10.38%-12.68%, 35.10%-38.55% and 19,68%-22,71%, respectively. This study showed that utilization of coffee husk waste product by above simple processing could substitute part of corn in ration of 25% producing high carcass percentage of broiler.Keywords: Coffee husk by product, broiler part of carcass percentage
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Aknesia, Elisa Yani, Ch L. Pontoh, J. F. Umboh, and C. A. Rahasia. "PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI DEDAK HALUS DENGAN TEPUNG KULIT BUAH KOPI DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN SERAT KASAR PADA TERNAK BABI FASE GROWER." ZOOTEC 38, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.38.1.2018.18535.
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EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION OF RICE BRAN WITH COFFEE HUSK MEAL IN THE DIET ON DRY MATTER AND CRUDE FIBER DIGESTIBILITY OF GROWING PIGS. An experiment was conducted todetermine the effects of substitution of rice bran with coffee husk meal in the diets on dty matter and crude fiber digestibility of growing pigs. The present study was conducted for 60 days, using 20 castrated male Duroc X Spotted Poland China, aged 2,5-3,0months with an averaged body weight of 30,1-40,0 kg. Treatment diets were formulated as follow: R0 = 25% rice bran + 0% coffee husk meal (without coffee husk meal); R1 = 18.75% rice bran + 6.25% coffee husk meal (substituion of 25%); R2 = 12.5% rice bran + 12.5% coffee husk meal (substituion of 50%); R3 = 6.25% rice bran + 18.75% coffee husk meal (substitution of 75%); and R4 = 0% rice bran + 100% coffee husk meal (substituion of 100%). Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications (blocks) was used as a statistical analysis (Anova). An Orthogonal Contrast test was further employed to analyze treatment differences. Different between treatment(s) was declared at P < 0.05. Parameters measured were dry matter and crude fiber digestibility. Research results showed that the crude fiber digestibility increased significantly (P < 0.05) as the level of substitution of rice bran with coffee husk meal increased in the diets. Whereas, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were found among treatments on dry matter digestibility. It can be concluded that replacement of rice bran with coffee husk meal up to 100% or 25% in growing pigs diets positively increased crude fiber digestibility and did not affect dry matter digestibility.Key words: Pigs, rice bran, coffe husk, dry matter and crude fiber digestibility
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Nuamsrinuan, Nisakorn, Patcharin Naemchanthara, Pichet Limsuwan, and Kittisakchai Naemchanthara. "Fabrication and Characterization of Particle Board from Coffee Husk Waste." Applied Mechanics and Materials 891 (May 2019): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.891.111.
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The purpose of this research was to fabricate the particle board from the coffee husk. The coffee husk from Chumphon province of Thailand was collected, prepared and separated into four groups such as outer husk, inner husk, the mixture of inner and outer husk and husk from the milling process. The coffee husk particle sheet was formed by the compression molding with the heater. Then the coffee husk particle sheets were the mechanical properties testing. The results showed the coffee husk particle sheet from milling process pass the Thai industrial standard (TIS.876/2547). However, the results of swelling and water absorption indicated that all the coffee husk sheet were not passed the TIS.876/2547. The effect of coffee husk particle size on mechanical properties was clarified. The coffee husk particle sheet from the particle size of 2, 4 and 6 mm was mechanical testing and follow TIS.876/2547. The coffee particle size of 2 mm showed the passing the standard. Moreover, the effect of isocyanate adhesive on mechanical properties was investigated. The weight percentage range of isocyanate adhesive on coffee husk from 7 to 13 %wt was carried out. The weight percentage of 9, 11 and 13 showed according to TIS.876/2547. From the experiment indicated that the coffee husk could be applied to the wood particle board industrial.
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Mazzafera, Paulo. "Degradation of caffeine by microorganisms and potential use of decaffeinated coffee husk and pulp in animal feeding." Scientia Agricola 59, no. 4 (December 2002): 815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162002000400030.
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Coffee husk and coffee pulp are coffee processing by-products. Coffee husk is obtained when harvested coffee is processed by the dry method, and coffee pulp is produced by the wet method. In Brazil, coffee is usually processed by the dry method, therefore an expressive amount of husk is obtained every year. Some of the husk is used as organic fertilizer but, other applications are very limited, mainly because it is a bulky product. The presence of tannins and caffeine diminish acceptability and palatability of husk by animals. This review discuss degradation of caffeine by microorganisms, with special attention to bacterial, biological decaffeination of coffee husk and pulp and its subsequent use on animal feeding. The known biochemical routes of caffeine degradation by microorganisms are initially discussed; problems concerning physiological effects in animals, focusing on the limitations imposed by caffeine as an antiphysiological component are raised; the use of microorganisms to decaffeinate coffee husk and pulp is discussed. The discussions offer a view on decreasing caffeine content of coffee husk and pulp, which would allow the use of larger amounts of these products in animal feeding, partially replacing traditional components such as cereal grains.
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Palapa, Melisa, L. M. S. Tangkau, P. R. R. I. Montong, and Z. Poli. "PENGARUH LIMBAH KULIT KOPI (Coffea sp) PENGOLAHAN SEDERHANA DENGAN LEVEL SUBSTITUSI SEBAGIAN JAGUNG TERHADAP PERSENTASE ORGAN DALAM AYAM PEDAGING." ZOOTEC 40, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.40.1.2020.27043.
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EEFCT OF COFFEE HUSK WASTE PRODUCT TREATED BY SIMPLE PROCESSING SUBSTITUTED WITH PART OF CORN IN RATION ON PERCENTAGE OF BROILER INTERNAL ORGAN. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of coffee husk waste product treated by simple processing substituted with part of corn in ration on percentage of broiler internal organ. Study was applied at Faculty of Animal Science, Sam Ratulangi University during 35 days. Total of 144 day old chick unsexed broilers, strain of CP 707, involving 36 experimental units of battery pens were used in this study. Each unit of pen was filled 4 birds under completely randomized design on factorial patter of 3x4. Factor A was focused on three processing treatments including coffee husk heated under sun light (A1), coffee husk immersed in the water (A2), and coffee husk boiled under water (A3). Factor B was focused on four treatments of substitution levels including ration containing corn without coffee husk substitution (B0), ration containing corn substituted with 25% coffee husk (B1), ration containing corn substituted with 50% coffee husk(B2), ration containing corn substituted with 75% coffee husk (B3). Analysis of variance showed that interaction of processing treatments did not affect significantly on the percentages of lung, heart and gizzard. This study indicated that simple processing of coffee husk were not affected the percentages of broiler internal organ. The substitution levels significantly affected percentage of internal organ. Percentages of lung, heart and gizzard were 1.38-1.86%, 0.31-0.72% and 1.6-2.77%, respectively. This study showed that utilization of coffee husk waste product by above simple processing could substitute part of corn in ration of 25% producing high percentage of broiler internal organ. Keywords: Broiler, Coffee husk by product, broiler internal organ
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Leifa, Fan, Ashok Pandey, and Carlos R. Soccol. "Production of Flammulina velutipes on coffee husk and coffee spent-ground." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 44, no. 2 (June 2001): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132001000200015.
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Solid state cultivation (SSC) was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using coffee husk and spent-ground as substrates for the production of edible mushroom Flammulina under different conditions of moisture and spawn rate. The strain of F. velutipes LPB 01 was adapted for a coffee husk extract medium. Best results were obtained with 25% spawn rate, though there was not much difference when lower spawn rates (10-20%) were used. Ideal moisture content for mycelial growth was 60% and 55% for coffee husk and spent-ground, respectively. With coffee husk as substrate, first fructification occurred after 25 days of inoculation and the biological efficiency reached about 56% with two flushes after 40 days. With spent-ground as substrate, first fructification occurred 21 days after inoculation and the biological efficiency reached about 78% in 40 days. There was decrease in the caffeine and tannins contents (10.2 and 20.4%, respectively) in coffee husk after 40 days. In coffee spent-ground, the tannin contents decreased by 28% after 40 days. These decrease was attributed to the degradation of caffeine or tannins by the culture because these were not adsorbed in the fungal mycelia. Results showed the feasibility of using coffee husk and coffee spent-ground as substrate without any nutritional supplementation for cultivation of edible fungus in SSC. Spent ground appeared better than coffee husk.
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Delfiol, Diego Jose Z., Jose P. Oliveira-Filho, Fernanda L. Casalecchi, Thatiane Kievitsbosch, Carlos A. Hussni, Franklin Riet-Correa, João P. Araujo-Jr, and Alexandre S. Borges. "Equine poisoning by coffee husk (Coffea arabica L.)." BMC Veterinary Research 8, no. 1 (2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-4.
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Klingel, Tizian, Jonathan I. Kremer, Vera Gottstein, Tabata Rajcic de Rezende, Steffen Schwarz, and Dirk W. Lachenmeier. "A Review of Coffee By-Products Including Leaf, Flower, Cherry, Husk, Silver Skin, and Spent Grounds as Novel Foods within the European Union." Foods 9, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9050665.
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The coffee plant Coffea spp. offers much more than the well-known drink made from the roasted coffee bean. During its cultivation and production, a wide variety of by-products are accrued, most of which are currently unused, thermally recycled, or used as animal feed. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of novel coffee products in the food sector and their current legal classification in the European Union (EU). For this purpose, we have reviewed the literature on the composition and safety of coffee flowers, leaves, pulp, husk, parchment, green coffee, silver skin, and spent coffee grounds. Some of these products have a history of consumption in Europe (green coffee), while others have already been used as traditional food in non-EU-member countries (coffee leaves, notification currently pending), or an application for authorization as novel food has already been submitted (husks, flour from spent coffee grounds). For the other products, toxicity and/or safety data appear to be lacking, necessitating further studies to fulfill the requirements of novel food applications.
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Silva, Mariana de Oliveira, John Nonvignon Bossis Honfoga, Lorena Lucena de Medeiros, Marta Suely Madruga, and Taliana Kênia Alencar Bezerra. "Obtaining Bioactive Compounds from the Coffee Husk (Coffea arabica L.) Using Different Extraction Methods." Molecules 26, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010046.
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Coffee husks (Coffea arabica L.) are characterized by exhibiting secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, which can be used as raw material for obtaining bioactive compounds of interest in food. The objective of this study is to evaluate different methods for obtaining the raw material and extracting solutions of bioactive compounds from coffee husks. Water bath and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods were used, using water (100%) or ethanol (100%) or a mixture of both (1:1) as extracting solutions and the form of the raw material was in natura and dehydrated. The extracts were evaluated by their antioxidant potential using DPPH radicals, ABTS, and iron reduction (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), and later total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified the phenolic majority compounds were identified. It was verified that the mixture of water and ethanol (1:1) showed better extraction capacity of the compounds with antioxidant activity and that both conventional (water bath) or unconventional (ultrasound) methods showed satisfactory results. Finally, a satisfactory amount of bioactive compounds was observed in evaluating the chemical composition (total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, as well as the analysis of the phenolic profile) of these extracts. Corroborating with the results of the antioxidant activities, the best extracting solution was generally the water and ethanol mixture (1:1) using a dehydrated husk and water bath as the best method, presenting higher levels of the bioactive compounds in question, with an emphasis on chlorogenic acid. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of coffee husk as raw material to obtain extracts of bioactive compounds is promising. Last, the conventional method (water bath) and the water and ethanol mixture (1:1) stood out among the methods and extracting solutions used for the dehydrated coffee husk.
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Badarina, Irma, Heru Dwi Putranto, and Endang Sulistyowati. "In vitro anthelmintic activity of the extract of coffee husk fermented with Pleurotus ostreatus for Ascaridia galli." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 19, no. 1 (August 17, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2017.19.1.595.
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The objective of this research was to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of coffee husk fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus against Ascaridia galli. In vitro study of anthelmintic activity was conducted by counting the number of paralyzed worm body of Ascaridia galli during 24 hours in petri dish containing different levels of ethanolic and aqueous extract of fermented coffee husk, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (w/v) and compared to piperazine 0,5% (w/v) and NaCl 0,9%. The powdered samples of fermented coffee husk were macerated in the 30% ethanol solution with the ratio samples to solution = 1:3. In aqueous extract, samples to solution ratio was 1 : 7. The extract of fermented coffee husk possess phytochemical compunds which responsible for anthelmintic activity. The anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract was better than aqueous extract. Fermented coffee husk ethanolic extract exhibited mortality of A.galli at concentration 2% while showed highest mortality at concentration 4%. Fermented coffee husk ethanolic extract have the potential to aid in the control of gastro intestinal parasites in animal
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Kebede, Teshale Tadesse, and Mitiku Weldesenbet. "Enhancing Agronomic Efficiency of P Fertilizer through Integration with Agricultural Lime Coffee Husk Ash and Charcoal on Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Grown in Acidic Soil of Masha District Ethiopia." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i2.320-324.2296.
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Poor soil fertility is important constraints that limited crop production in Ethiopia. The Masha district was highly prone to phosphorus fixation with ions like Aluminum ion since soil of the area is prone to acidity. This experiment was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of of phosphorus fertilizer with agricultural lime, coffee husk ash and coffee husk charcoal on yield of faba bean and agronomic efficiency of the fertilizer on acidic soils of Masha district. Field experiment involving two rates of phosphorus (23 and 46 kg P2O5/ha) and the three soil amendments was in randomized complete block design with three replication. The result indicated that significantly high grain yield was obtained from integrated application of 46 kg P2O5/ha with the agricultural lime, coffee husk ash and coffee husk charcoal with the observed values of 2265, 1953 and 1943 kg/ha, respectively. Agronomic efficiency significantly great values were obtained from treated with the agricultural lime+23 kg P2O5/ha, agricultural lime+46 kg P2O5/ha, coffee husk ash+23 kg P2O5/ha and coffee husk charcoal+23 kg P2O5/ha with the observed values of 14.86, 14.60 and 10.07, respectively. It can be concluded that 46 kg P2O5 with 2.5 ton agricultural lime, 7.5 ton coffee husk ash or 7.5 ton coffee husk charcoal per hectare on acid soils for high yield and yield components on faba bean at Masha district. When 23 kg P2O5/ha was integrated with the soil amendments, relatively high agronomic efficiency was observed.
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Alecrim, Ademilson Oliveira, Dalyse Toledo Castanheira, Giovani Belutti Voltolini, Pedro Menicucci Netto, Rubens José Guimarães, and Adenilson Henrique Gonçalves. "Phytosociology of weeds in coffee plants with different soil management techniques." Scientia Agraria Paranaensis 19, no. 3 (November 3, 2020): 270–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18188/sap.v19i3.24200.
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The adoption of different soil management techniques in coffee plants can alter the phytosociology of the weed community and, therefore, identifying the technique that most contributes to an integrated weed management is fundamental. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phytosociology of weeds in coffee plants under different soil management techniques. The land was planted in January 2016 with coffee seedlings of the species Coffea arabica L., cultivar Mundo Novo IAC 379-19. The design used was in randomized blocks, arranged in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme, with 3 replications. Two evaluations were carried out: in the rainy season and in the dry season, in 2017. The management techniques applied inter-rows were: i) control (spontaneous vegetation in the area); ii) management with Urochloa decumbens. On the coffee in-rows, the treatments were: iii) coffee husk; iv) organic compound; v) plant residues of U. decumbens; vi) plant residues of U. decumbens with coffee husk; vii) plant residues of U. decumbens with organic compound; viii) control (without coverage). For the evaluations, a square (0.25 m²) was randomly launched and the phytosociological indices were subsequently calculated. The species of the families Poaceae and Asteraceae were the most frequent in the area. The management with U. decumbens inter-rows and the crop residues deposited in the row associated with the coffee husk, or organic compound, decreases the amount and the diversity of weed species.
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Mhilu, Cuthbert F. "Analysis of Energy Characteristics of Rice and Coffee Husks Blends." ISRN Chemical Engineering 2014 (March 13, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/196103.
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Production of first generation biofuels using food crops is under criticism over sustainability issues on food security. Tanzania is showing active interest in developing second generation biofuels to deal with some of such issues, especially from the feedstock point of view. This paper reports work done to determine energy characteristics of rice and coffee husks. The results show that coffee husks have better energy quality than rice husks, while heating values of coffee are 18.34 MJ/kg and 13.24 MJ/kg for rice husk. Thermogravimetric analysis made for coffee husks blended rice husks at a ratio of 75 : 25% vol. show better material degradation characteristics yielding low residual mass of 23.65%, compared to 26.50% of char and ash remaining in pure rice husks. Derivative thermogravimetric analysis shows comparable hemicellulose degradation peak values of −11.5 and −11.2 and cellulose −3.20 and −2.90 in pure coffee and rice husks, respectively. In coffee and rice husks blends, substantial reductions of hemicellulose and cellulose peaks were observed. Use of coffee and rice husks blends applying high temperature gasification would reduce the latter’s flammability, while increasing its flame retention characteristics, hence offering opportunities for production of clean syngas in a sustainable manner.
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Castaldo, Luigi, Giulia Graziani, Anna Gaspari, Luana Izzo, Carlos Luz, Jordi Mañes, Mario Rubino, Giuseppe Meca, and Alberto Ritieni. "Study of the Chemical Components, Bioactivity and Antifungal Properties of the Coffee Husk." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 4 (May 23, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n4p43.
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Coffee husk is a fibrous mucilaginous material representing the major residues from the handling and processing of coffee. Currently, coffee husk is discarded which contributes to environmental pollution. Dry and semi-dry coffee husk were extracted by hot infusion and the polyphenol profile was studied by UHPLC and Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Free radical scavenging activity in the infusion was between 26.61 at 31.33 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/kg, as measured by the assay with ABTS and DPPH radical. The results indicated that coffee husk contained 367.45 and 396.04 g/kg of total dietary fiber in dry and semi-dry sample, respectively. While the infusions contain exclusively soluble dietary fiber 0.64 and 0.98 g/L. The methanol extracts of coffee husk presented antimicrobial activity of P. camemberti, P. expansum and P. roqueforti, A. flavus and A. niger, many of their mycotoxins producers. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values for the Penicilliums strains ranged from 6.3 to 50 g/L, whereas on the Aspergillus strains the data detected ranged from 25 to 50 g/L, respectively. This study indicates the possible exploiting of this coffee by-product as potential natural health promoting and preservative ingredient.
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Moura, Yasmin Haluan Porto, Carmen Lucia De Souza Rech, Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo, José Luiz Rech, Yann Dos Santos Luz, Jennifer Souza Figueredo, and Alex Aguiar Figueiredo. "In vitro degradability of coffee husks treated with doses of fibrolytic enzymes for use in ruminant nutrition." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2691. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2691.
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The agricultural activity has generated a progressive amount of waste, which needs a proper treatment to avoid negative environmental impacts. At the same time, values can be added to such waste, as its use in animal feed. This research was conducted at the laboratory of Animal Nutrition, State University of Southwestern Bahia, campuses of Vitória da Conquista and Itapetinga. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of coffee husks on ruminant feeds by increasing doses of fibrolytic enzymes, evaluating their effects on in vitro ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (FDA) of the coffee husk (CH). The experiment was a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial scheme. It compounded the following treatments: Coffee husk (CH1): 1.5% enzymes (E) and 24 h enzymatic action (EA); CH2: 3.0% (E) and 24h (EA); CH3: 4.5% (E) and 24 h (EA); CH4: 6% (E) and 24 h (EA); CH5: 1.5% (E) 48 h (EA); CH6: 3% (E) and 48h (EA); CH7: 4.5% (E) and 48h (EA); and CH8: 6% (E) and 48 h (EA), all based on dry matter. An improvement in the degradability of the nutritional parameters MS, NDF, and FDA occurred with the addition of enzymes, with 3% enzyme addition being the best level, and 24 hours, as the best action time. In addition to that, as the EA on coffee husk increased, the degradation rate decreased. Therefore, the use of enzymes can improve the digestibility of the fibrous fraction, enabling the use of the coffee husk and possibly other agroindustrial residues, thus minimizing their adverse effects on nature.
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Moura, Yasmin Haluan Porto, Carmen Lucia De Souza Rech, Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo, José Luiz Rech, Yann Dos Santos Luz, Jennifer Souza Figueredo, and Alex Aguiar Figueiredo. "In vitro degradability of coffee husks treated with doses of fibrolytic enzymes for use in ruminant nutrition." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2691. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2691.
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The agricultural activity has generated a progressive amount of waste, which needs a proper treatment to avoid negative environmental impacts. At the same time, values can be added to such waste, as its use in animal feed. This research was conducted at the laboratory of Animal Nutrition, State University of Southwestern Bahia, campuses of Vitória da Conquista and Itapetinga. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of coffee husks on ruminant feeds by increasing doses of fibrolytic enzymes, evaluating their effects on in vitro ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (FDA) of the coffee husk (CH). The experiment was a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial scheme. It compounded the following treatments: Coffee husk (CH1): 1.5% enzymes (E) and 24 h enzymatic action (EA); CH2: 3.0% (E) and 24h (EA); CH3: 4.5% (E) and 24 h (EA); CH4: 6% (E) and 24 h (EA); CH5: 1.5% (E) 48 h (EA); CH6: 3% (E) and 48h (EA); CH7: 4.5% (E) and 48h (EA); and CH8: 6% (E) and 48 h (EA), all based on dry matter. An improvement in the degradability of the nutritional parameters MS, NDF, and FDA occurred with the addition of enzymes, with 3% enzyme addition being the best level, and 24 hours, as the best action time. In addition to that, as the EA on coffee husk increased, the degradation rate decreased. Therefore, the use of enzymes can improve the digestibility of the fibrous fraction, enabling the use of the coffee husk and possibly other agroindustrial residues, thus minimizing their adverse effects on nature.
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Pham, Tram Thi Hoai, and Tra Thi Thu Tran. "Research on factors affecting the extractability of antioxidant compounds from coffee husks abstract." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 3, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v3i1.634.
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Coffee husks is a typical by-product in the coffee bean industry. This by-product has a high biological activity, but recently in Vietnam, it has been used as fuel, fertilizer, and substrate for mushroom cultivation. This study aims to identify conditions for extracting polyphenol from ripe robusta coffee husks from Dăklak province. Factors affecting the extraction process are pH, temperature, coffee husks : solvent ratio, and time. The obtaining data showed that extracting at pH=4, 50oC, with the solvent:coffee husks ratio = 7:1, during 1 hour would contribute the best results in terms of an extraction efficiency of soluble solids (33 %), the extraction efficiency of polyphenol (94 %), antioxidant activity according to DPPH assay (1959 ± 168 µM TE/ g dry matter of extracted solution) and FRAP assay (1976 ± 117 µM TE/ g dry matter of extracted solution). In addition, the extracted solution from the coffee husk is a potential source of polyphenol, as well as the antioxidant capacity that could be applied to future researches..
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Urrego Yepes, William, Juan Carlos Posada, Leyla Yamile Jaramillo, and Juan Diego Sierra. "Study of mechanical and physical properties of LLDPE-G-MA injection grade reinforced with coffee husk post-industrial waste." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316644854.
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In this work, the evaluation of a post-industrial residue of coffee industry (coffee husk) as organic filler in functionalised linear low-density polyethylene matrix was investigated. The properties of these composites were compared with more widely used inorganic fillers, such as calcium carbonate and SiO2. All the composites were prepared by grafting of linear low-density polyethylene maleic anhydride and then by melt mixing of fillers. The rheological behaviour of the compounds during processing was established to evaluate the effects of a nanosized (SiO2), micron sized calcium carbonate and coffee husk fillers. Additionally, thermal, morphological and mechanical properties of the polymer composites were evaluated. The results indicated an increase in tensile modulus and tensile strength resulting from incorporation of fillers in the polymer matrix. Some relevant modifications of melting temperature and crystallinity degree for coffee husk composites were observed, but not observed for inorganic fillers composites. The properties of the composites prepared with coffee husk were comparable to those obtained with inorganic fillers, demonstrating that this coffee residue can be used as filler for obtaining composites for many possible applications.
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Moreno-Ramón, H., S. J. Quizembe, and S. Ibáñez-Asensio. "Coffee husk mulch on soil erosion and runoff: experiences under rainfall simulation experiment." Solid Earth 5, no. 2 (August 26, 2014): 851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-5-851-2014.
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Abstract. The high erosion rates found in the agriculture land make valuable the use of mulches to control the soil and water losses. Coffee husk (Coffea canephora var. robusta) can be one of those mulches. This paper evaluates how to apply the mulch in order to obtain the best effectiveness. An experimental factorial design 4 × 3 × 2 with two replicates was designed in a greenhouse with a total number of 48 cases. All the samples were deposited in trays of 0.51 m2 and applied a simulated rain of 122 mm h−1 during 21 min. The factors examined were the following: four soil classes; three treatments – buried (B), surface (S) and non-residue (C) – and the presence (WC) or absence (WOC) of the soil surface crusting. The coffee husk residue (S and B treatments) reduced runoff by 10.2 and 46% respectively, soil losses by 78.3 and 88.7% and sediment concentration by 77 and 84.4%. The infiltration rate increased on average by 104 and 167%, and time to runoff by 1.58 and 2.07 min respectively. Coffee husk is an efficient mulch to reduce the soil and water losses, although it could not completely cushion the influence of crust.
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Mahdalena and Anis Munandar. "Effects Of Various Planting Media And Liquid Organic Fertilizer (Poc) On The Growth Of Robusta Coffee Seeds (Coffea Robusta L.)." Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian 9, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/ajip.v9i2.978.
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The effects of various growing media and liquid organic fertilizers on the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. The research was conducted for 12 weeks (3 months) from March to June 2020. The research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Experimental Garden, Widya Gama Mahakam University, Samarinda. This study aims to determine: 1. The right planting media for the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings 2. Liquid organic fertilizer (POC) is appropriate for the growth of robusta coffee plant seedlings (Coffea robusta L.). 3. The interaction between planting media and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) on the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor is the Planting Media (M) which consists of 4 levels, namely, M1 = Soil, M2 = Soil + Rice Husk (2: 1), M3 = Soil + Sawdust (2: 1), M4 = Soil + Coconut Coir ( 2: 1). The second factor is Liquid Organic Fertilizer (P) consisting of 3 levels, namely: P0 = Topsoil (control), P1 = POC 50% Fragrant Lemongrass Tofu Wastewater (ALTSW) (500 ml ALTSW + 500 ml water), P2 = POC Extract Gamal leaf (EDG) (500 ml EDG + 500 ml water). Based on the research results, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. There is a significant effect of the application of growing media on the increase in height, stem diameter, and the number of leaves. Soil media with rice husks gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. 2. There was a significant effect of POC application on height increase, stem diameter, and the number of leaves. The liquid organic fertilizer of Gamal leaves gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. 3. There is a media interaction with liquid organic fertilizer (POC) which has a significant effect on the increase in height, stem diameter, and number. The combination of soil growing media treatment with rice husks and Gamal leaf POC gave the best response to the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. The expected output is to provide information about the best planting media for the growth of Robusta coffee seeds for the community. Providing information about the best liquid organic fertilizers for the growth of Robusta coffee seeds for the community.
Keyword : Gamal Leaves, Tofu Dregs Waste, Wood Powder
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Dos Santos, Tamara Rocha, João Carlos Cardoso Galvão, Jeferson Giehl, Steliane Pereira Coelho, Silvane De Almeida Campos, and Beatriz Ferreira Mendonça. "Weed communities in the organic cultivation of fresh maize intercropped with legumes and coffee husk." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 72, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 8793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n2.68510.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytosociology of the weed communities in maize intercropped with legumes and coffee husk in an organic production system, emphasizing on the relative importance of the weeds and their biomass. The experiment was implemented with the following treatments: T1 - Maize intercropped with Phaseolus vulgaris and weed mowing, T2 – maize intercropped with Crotalaria juncea and weed mowing, T3 - Maize intercropped with Canavalia ensiformis and weed mowing, T4 - Maize intercropped with Cajanus cajan and weed mowing, T5 - Maize grown on soil covered with coffee husk (100 m3 ha-1) and manual weeding and T6 - Maize grown under conventional tillage system and manual weeding (control). The treatments were performed under a random block design with five replications each. A phytosociological analysis of the weeds was performed at stages V4, V8, and R1 to determine the relative importance (RI%) and biomass. The lowest biomass (11.6 g m-2) of weeds occurred when maize was grown on soil covered with coffee husk. In total, 13 species of weeds were identified, being Cyperus rotundus L. the most prevailing species (%). From this study, it was determined that growing maize on soil covered with coffee husk is an alternative to suppress weeds in the organic fresh maize system when coffee husk is available.
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Tien, Do Thuy. "EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF ADSORPTION OF Ni (II) FROM WASTEWATER USING COFFEE HUSK BASED ACTIVATED CARBON." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 56, no. 2C (August 29, 2018): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/56/2c/13039.
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In recent years, the studies on finding the low cost methods to remove metal ions have been increased. Use of agricultural wastes such as coffee husk, coffee residue, coconut fiber, rice husk, peanut shells, cob, etc. as adsorbents to remove heavy metals, pollutants in wastewater has been of great concern in Viet Nam and regional countries. The results showed that the material from coffee husk had superior adsorption. In this study, the coffee husk was heated in Ar gas at temperatures of 300 oC, 400 oC, 500 oC, 600 oC for 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes, then was denatured by impregnation with HNO3 at different concentrations (1M, 3M, 5M). The adsorbent products from the above process from coffee husk were tested to find the best technical solution by studying the influences of pH (2 ÷ 9), contact time (10 ÷ 100 min), adsorbent dose (0.2 ÷ 10 g/L) and initial concentration Ni(II) (10 ÷ 60 mg/L). The research results showed that while the activated carbon samples treated at 400 oC in 30 minutes had Ni (II) adsorption capacity of 1.97 mg/g, the activated carbon by HNO3 had Ni (II) adsorption higher capacity, maximum adsorption capacity is 21.14 mg/g (more than 10 times in comparison with the non-denatured or non-modified coal).
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Sudarman, Asep, G. B. Listiawan, and L. Khodijah. "The Use of Coffee Husk as Napier Grass Substitution and Its Effect on Madura Cattle Performance." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 24, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2006.
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This research aimed to evaluate the performance of fattened madura cattle fed on coffee husk as a source of fibre to substitute grasses. Twenty Madura steers aged approximately 1.5 to 2.0 years with initial weight of 165-190 kg were divided randomly into four different experimental diets, namely R0= 90% concentrates +0% coffee husk +10% napier grass, R1= 90 % concentrates +3.33% coffee husk +6.67% napier grass, R2 = 90% concentrate +10% 6.67% coffee husk +3.33% napier grass, R3 = 90% concentrates 90% + 10% coffee husk +0% napier grass. The feed was given at 3% body weight of dry mater. The cows were kept in individual pen for two months. Variables measured were dry mater intake, feed efficiency, average daily gain (ADG), digestibility of feed and income over feed cost. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance based on randomized block design followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Results showed that dry matter intake, ADG, feed efficiency and feed digestibility of cattle on each treatment of the feed were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Average of dry matter intake and daily gain for R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 6.01, 5.84, 5.73 and 5.62 kg/head/day and 0.88, 0.87, 0.84 and 0.93 kg/head/day respectively. While the average of feed efficiency and DM digestibility for R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 14.64, 14.89, 14.65 and 16.54 % and 84.82, 84.37, 83.47 and 83.30 %, respectively. It is concluded that the used of 10% coffee husk as a source of fibre for substitution of napier grass can be used without negative effect on madura’s cattle performances and tend to give higher values of IOFC on fattening program.
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Zapata Marín, Olga Lucía, Ilda De Fátima Ferreira Tinôco, Jairo Alexander Osorio Saraz, Cecilia De Fátima Souza, and María De Fatima Araujo Vieira. "Evaluation of the fertilizer and contamination potential of different broiler litter types subjected to various use cycles." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 68, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 7637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v68n2.50967.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate two types of poultry bedding litter (wood shavings and coffee husks) with increasing use cycles, the best time to proceed with composting based on the carbon/nitrogen ratio and the ability to generate ammonia. The results obtained with the present experiment conditions indicated that the litter with wood shavings in the first cycle and the litter with coffee husks in the first and second cycles presented the best behavior in terms of the C/N ratio needed for later use as compost. In regards to the contamination potential, it was found that increasing the number of reutilizations for both the wood-shaving and coffee-husk litters resulted in a greater ammonia emission.
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Chala, Bilhate, Hans Oechsner, Sajid Latif, and Joachim Müller. "Biogas Potential of Coffee Processing Waste in Ethiopia." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2018): 2678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082678.
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Primary coffee processing is performed following the dry method or wet method. The dry method generates husk as a by-product, while the wet method generates pulp, parchment, mucilage, and waste water. In this study, characterization, as well as the potential of husk, pulp, parchment, and mucilage for methane production were examined in biochemical methane potential assays performed at 37 °C. Pulp, husk, and mucilage had similar cellulose contents (32%). The lignin contents in pulp and husk were 15.5% and 17.5%, respectively. Mucilage had the lowest hemicellulose (0.8%) and lignin (5%) contents. The parchment showed substantially higher lignin (32%) and neutral detergent fiber (96%) contents. The mean specific methane yields from husk, pulp, parchment, and mucilage were 159.4 ± 1.8, 244.7 ± 6.4, 31.1 ± 2.0, and 294.5 ± 9.6 L kg−1 VS, respectively. The anaerobic performance of parchment was very low, and therefore was found not to be suitable for anaerobic fermentation. It was estimated that, in Ethiopia, anaerobic digestion of husk, pulp, and mucilage could generate as much as 68 × 106 m3 methane per year, which could be converted to 238,000 MWh of electricity and 273,000 MWh of thermal energy in combined heat and power units. Coffee processing facilities can utilize both electricity and thermal energy for their own productive purposes.
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Pandey, Ashok, Carlos R. Soccol, Poonam Nigam, Debora Brand, Radjiskumar Mohan, and Sevastianos Roussos. "Biotechnological potential of coffee pulp and coffee husk for bioprocesses." Biochemical Engineering Journal 6, no. 2 (October 2000): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-703x(00)00084-x.
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Castanheira, Dalyse Toledo, Thales Resende Barcelos, Rubens José Guimarães, Milene Alves de Figueiredo Carvalhho, Tiago Teruel Rezende, Isadora Dos Santos Bastos, and Arthur Henrique Cruvinel. "AGRONOMIC TECHNIQUES FOR MITIGATING THE EFFECTS OF WATER RESTRICTION ON COFFEE CROPS." Coffee Science 14, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25186/cs.v14i1.1542.
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Water restriction significantly affects coffee (<em>Coffea arabica</em> L.) production. The study of a few agronomic techniques that optimizes water use can generate technologies for mitigating the effects of climatic variations on coffee crops. The aim of this study was to indicate agronomic techniques that mitigate the effects of water restriction on coffee crops. For this end, we analyzed the morphophysiological changes in coffee plants cultivated in a greenhouse with different types of fertilizers and soil conditioners and under two levels of irrigation. The evaluations were conducted 130 days after planting, assessing the morphological and physiological characteristics of the plants. We also quantified soil moisture in the different treatments. The water restriction expressively hindered plant growth. The use of controlled release fertilizers and soil conditioners, especially coffee husk, is indicated for mitigating water restriction in coffee crops.
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Moreno-Ramón, H., S. J. Quizembe, and S. Ibáñez-Asensio. "Coffee husk mulch on soil erosion and runoff: experiences under rainfall simulation experiment." Solid Earth Discussions 6, no. 1 (May 6, 2014): 1127–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-6-1127-2014.
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Abstract. The high erosion rates found in the agriculture land make valuable the use of mulches to control the soil and water losses. Coffee husk (Coffee canephora var. robusta) can be one of those mulches. This paper evaluates how to apply the mulch in order to obtain, with the same doses, the best effectiveness. An experimental factorial design 4 × 3 × 2 with two replicates was designed in a greenhouse with a total amount of 48 treatments. All the samples were deposited in trays of 0.51 m2 and applied a simulated rain of 122 mm h−1 during 21 min. The factors examined were: four soil classes; three treatments: buried (B), surface (S) and non-residue (C), and the presence (WC) or absence (WOC) of the soil surface crusting. The coffee husk residue (S and B treatments) reduced runoff by 10.2% and 46% respectively, soil losses by 78.3% and 88.7% and sediment concentration by 77% and 84.4%. The infiltration rate increased on average by 104% and 167%, and time to runoff by 1.58 and 2.07 min respectively. The coffee husk mulch (S and B) avoided the influence of crust. Coffee husk is an efficient mulch to reduce the soil and water losses.
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Flammini, Alessandro, Erik Brundin, Rikard Grill, and Hannes Zellweger. "Supply Chain Uncertainties of Small-Scale Coffee Husk-Biochar Production for Activated Carbon in Vietnam." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 8069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198069.
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Between 2014 and 2019, an innovative small-pyrolysis system (the PPV300) using agrowaste as feedstock was transferred and adapted from Switzerland to Vietnam by a United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) project. The coffee husk resulting from the processing of coffee beans is usually disposed of in Vietnam or burned inefficiently to dry coffee beans. Small-scale pyrolysis of coffee husk using the PPV300 avoids smoke emissions and local air pollution while providing an energy source for coffee drying and biochar as a by-product. This paper investigates the uncertainties in the “coffee husk to activated carbon” supply chain in Vietnam and discusses the pros and cons of different supply chain setups using a framework derived by Chopra and Meindl (2013). According to the analysis, a number of actors (an intermediary without previous direct involvement in the coffee supply chain, a coffee processor, or a hybrid between farm and processor), each with advantages and disadvantages, would be suitable from a supply chain perspective to attain an efficient strategy that would keep the price of the biochar low. However, in order to be attractive for one activated carbon producer, several PPV300 systems are needed to reach a significant economy of scale. Sufficient husk sourcing and storage capacity is also needed. If the purpose is simply to produce biochar for activated carbon, processors and intermediaries could consider a simpler and cheaper design than the PPV300. In conclusion, supply chain uncertainties and economic viability can be optimized when the PPV300 is used by coffee processors or intermediaries, who are able to make use of the co-products generated (biochar, heat, and wood vinegar). In addition to its financial viability, all of the other co-benefits of this technology should be taken into consideration (reduced smoke and environmental pollution, avoided health costs, greenhouse gas savings, etc.) for a proper assessment of its economic attractiveness.
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Yiga, Vianney Andrew, Sinja Pagel, Michael Lubwama, Stefan Epple, Peter Wilberforce Olupot, and Christian Bonten. "Development of fiber-reinforced polypropylene with NaOH pretreated rice and coffee husks as fillers: Mechanical and thermal properties." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 33, no. 9 (February 12, 2019): 1269–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718823255.
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Incorporation of agricultural wastes as fillers in fiber-reinforced plastics is gaining momentum in plastics engineering research. In this study, fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) with rice and coffee husks as filler material were developed. The effect of alkali (sodium hydroxide) pretreatment of the husks on mechanical and thermal properties of developed PP biocomposites was observed. Filler material loading was varied from 0% to 20% for rice husks and 0% to 10% for coffee husks. A twin-screw extruder was used for compounding the PP matrix with rice and coffee husk filler materials. Tensile strengths and percentage elongation results varied from 27.4 to 37.4 MPa and 2.4% to 70.3% (unmodified coffee husks), 31.1 to 37.4 MPa and 5% to 70.3% (unmodified rice husks), 30.7 to 37.4 MPa and 5.3% to 70.3% (modified coffee husks), and 30.7 to 37.4 MPa and 4.8% to 70.3% (modified rice husks). Young’s modulus ranged between 1656 and 2247.8 MPa for biocomposite PP samples with unmodified filler material. Young’s modulus ranged between 1740 and 2160 MPa after alkali treatment of the filler material. Charpy impact strengths ranged from 1.2 to 4 kJ/m2 and 3.1 to 19.6 kJ/m2 for samples containing unmodified and modified filler material, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that an increase in filler content resulted into delayed weight loss at high degradation temperatures. The results suggest that these developed fiber-reinforced plastics can be used in applications requiring high thermal stability and good mechanical properties.
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De Oliveira, Jéssica Costa, and Adalberto Brito De Novaes. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND RADICAL PARAMETERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEEDLINGS QUALITY OF Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES." FLORESTA 50, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v50i3.61577.
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Morphological and Radical Parameters Associated with the Seedlings Quality of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg.in Different Substrates. In this research, we evaluated the effects of different substrate formulations on the quality of angico-vermelho seedlings (Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg). The tested substrates corresponded to eight different formulations: Bioplant®, Carolina Soil, Coffee husk, Coconut fiber and Vermiculite. In the nursery phase, the following were evaluated: height of the aerial part (H); neck diameter (D); fresh and dry biomass of the aerial parts and radical system; dickson quality index (IQD); number of roots regenerated in tubes; and length of roots regenerated in boxes. In the field phase, the following were evaluated: survival; crown diameter; number of lateral roots; and length of the pivoting root. To produce seedlings, a completely randomized design with eight treatments and four replications was used, and for the evaluation of the root regeneration potential (P.R.R.), six replications were used. In the field, the experimental arrangement consisted of subdivided plots, arranged in randomized blocks with four replications. Seedlings with higher averages for most of the evaluated characteristics were produced in the formulation of substrate containing 50% Bioplant® + 30% coffee husk + 20% coconut fiber. The values related to the IQD were positively related to the substrate formulations containing Bioplant®, coffee husk and coconut fiber, which were also positively associated with P.R.R. The substrate formulations containing Bioplant®, coffee husk and coconut fiber resulted in seedlings with a higher P.R.R., evaluated in boxes. Substrates containing Bioplant®, Carolina Soil, coffee husk and coconut fiberfavored the production of seedlings with a better radical system and, consequently, better in the field.
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Ayalew, Adane Adugna, and Tadele Assefa Aragaw. "Utilization of treated coffee husk as low-cost bio-sorbent for adsorption of methylene blue." Adsorption Science & Technology 38, no. 5-6 (May 5, 2020): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617420920516.
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Dyes and pigments have been used in many industries for colorization purpose but they pose hazards to the environment and end users of water. Therefore, it is important to remove this pollutant from waste water before their final disposal. This study aimed to investigate the removal of methylene blue by cost effective, ecofriendly, high-efficiency bio-sorbent from activated coffee husk. The process was carried out using chemical activation (H3PO4) process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and surface analyzer (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) were used to characterize the adsorbent. The specific surface area adsorbent was obtained as 28.54 m2/g. The maximum removal efficiency was obtained as 96.9% at pH of 5, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 0.8 g/50 mL, for contact time of 50 min and 30°C temperature on the activation surface of coffee husk. Langmuir model was found to fit the equilibrium data for methylene blue adsorption with 6.82 mg/g at 30°C. The adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamics analysis showed that the adsorption of methylene blue on to the activated coffee husk was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The experimental data obtained in the present study proved that coffee husk is a suitable bio-sorbent in removal of cationic dyes.
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Ahalya, N., R. D. Kanamadi, and T. V. Ramachandra. "Removal of hexavalent chromium using coffee husk." International Journal of Environment and Pollution 43, no. 1/2/3 (2010): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2010.035917.
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Velmourougane, K., R. Bhat, and T. N. Gopinandhan. "Composting coffee wastes, a potential source of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A contamination." World Mycotoxin Journal 5, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2012.1386.
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Ochratoxin A (OTA) has been extensively documented as a global contaminant of a wide variety of food commodities including the green coffee bean, but there is no clear information available on the spread of Aspergillus ochraceus in the coffee production chain. In this study, the growth of A. ochraceus and the fate of OTA during composting of solid coffee wastes, i.e. pulp and husk, were investigated. A trial was set up with pulp and husk alone or in combination, naturally and artificially contaminated with A. ochraceus. OTA was detected at levels up to 2.6 and 6.2 ng/g in naturally and artificially contaminated pulp, respectively. At the end of the composting process, 8.4 and 14.2 ng OTA per g were measured in naturally and artificially contaminated husk, respectively. Throughout the composting process, A. ochraceus counts did not show any clear increasing or decreasing trend.
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Hasby, Hasby, Nurhafidhah Nurhafidhah, and Said Ali Akbar. "The UV-Vis Study On Anthocyanin Pigments Activities Extracted From Gayo Arabika Coffee Husks." Elkawnie 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v5i2.5232.
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The anthocyanin activity of Gayo Arabica coffee husk in variations in acid solution, temperature, and pH has been assessed through UV-Vis studies. It is important to optimize these factors to increase the long-term stability of anthocyanins for use in various fields. Gayo Arabica coffee husks was extracted through maceration method with methanol. This process obtained a coffee husks extract of 1.176 mg/μL. The UV-Vis spectrum of the extract displayed the major absorption peak at λmax= 529 nm in hydrochloric acid (HCl), this assigned by the electronic transition from flavylium as the particular characteristic of anthocyanin compounds. The anthocyanin from the extract was stable at temperatures of 35oC and 50oC, to have a major absorption peak at λmax= 529 nm. Therefore, it could probably be said that the lower the temperature, the higher the absorbance value of anthocyanin. Then, husks extract was getting red at pH 1 and 3; almost colorless at pH 5, 8 and 10; and yellow at pH 12. The more acidic conditions causes more anthocyanin pigments to be observed in the form of flavylium or oxonium cations color. Finally, Gayo Arabica coffee husks extract can absorb both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light (visible).
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Tran, Tran Dac, and Minh Le Tran. "REMOVAL OF NICKEL, COPPER, AND ZINC IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING COFFEE BEAN HUSK (CFH)." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, no. 3A (May 25, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/3a/14261.
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Agricultural waste has been received much attention for its potential of being efficient and low-cost adsorbents to remove heavy metals from water. This paper presents a batch investigation of the potential of an adsorbent produced from coffee bean husk for removing copper, nickel and zinc ions from aqueous solution. At the initial pH of 5.0, a dose of 10 g/L, initial concentration of 50 mg/L, shaking speed of 100 rpm, particle size of 0.6-1 mm and at 25oC, the removal of nickel, copper, and zinc ions reached 95% and the highest adsorption capacity of coffee bean husk approached 23, 32, 22 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption isotherm of these ions preferred to the Freundlich isotherm with the relative coefficient R2 equal and or greater than 0.98. Thus, an initial conclusion drawn from the study was that coffee bean husk could potentially be as an effective and economical adsorbent for removing nickel, copper, and zinc ions from the aqueous solution.
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Trần, Trà Thị Thu, Trần Minh Khánh, Tôn Nữ Minh Nguyệt, and Lê Văn Việt Mẫn. "Combined cellulolytic and pectinolytic enzymes to increase the polyphenol extractability of coffee husks." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (May 19, 2021): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v4i2.832.
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Coffee husks (CHs) is a high biological activity by-product of the coffee bean industry, but currently, in Vietnam, it has not been used properly in the food industry. This study was conducted to investigate the combined cellulolytic and pectinolytic enzymes to increase the polyphenol extractability of coffee husks. The red ripe Robusta coffee cherries from Dăklak province, Vietnam were blanched, peeled and the coffee husks was then extracted. The effects of pectinase content (from 0 to 800 U/gCHs), cellulase content (from 0 to 800 U/gCHs), pH (from 3.0 to 5.0), temperature (from 40◦C to 60◦C), CHs: solvent ratio (from 1: 6 to 1:12) and extracted time (from 60 minutes to 120 minutes) on soluble solid content (SSC), total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were investigated. The appropriate conditions for the treatment were pectinase dosage of 600 U/gCHs, cellulase dosage of 400 U/gCHs, pH 4.0, temperature 50◦C, CHs:soluble ratio = 1:10 and incubation time of 60 min under which the SSC, TPC and antioxidant activity of extract were highest by 60.60.4 g/100g dry weight of CHs, 200.5 gGAE /100g dry weight of CHs, 1.5 +/- 0.1 mMTE/g dry weight of extract (according to DPPH assay) and 1.5 +/- 0.1 mMTE/g dry weight of extract (according to DPPH assay). From this result, it can be seen that the extracted solution from coffee husk is a potential source for the production of soft drinks with high antioxidant activity.
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Teddy, Muhammad, Dewi Yunita, and Irfan Irfan. "Substitusi Abu Sekam dengan Kulit Tanduk Biji Kopi dan Perbedaan Metode Penanganannya terhadap Mutu Bokasi." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i2.11049.
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Abstrak: Bokasi adalah pupuk organik yang dapat dibuat menggunakan bahan seperti kotoran hewan, abu sekam, serbuk gergaji dan dedak. Pada daerah penghasil kopi, limbah kulit tanduk biji kopi juga dapat dijadikan sebagai pupuk alami. Abu sekam dan kulit tanduk biji kopi pada umumnya dapat berfungsi sebagai penggembur tanah sehingga mempermudah akar tanaman dalam menyerap unsur hara serta memperbaiki tanah. Tujuan penilitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi abu sekam dengan kulit tanduk biji kopi dan perbedaan metode penanganannya dalam pembuatan bokasi terhadap mutu bokasi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah perbandingan abu sekam dan kulit tanduk biji kopi yang terdiri dari 5 taraf (1:0, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 0:1) dan faktor II adalah penanganan kulit tanduk biji kopi yang terdiri dari 2 taraf (dibakar dan tanpa dibakar). Dengan demikian, terdapat 5 kombinasi taraf perbandingan dengan metode penanganannya 2 dan jumlah ulangan sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga diperoleh 30 satuan percobaan. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi : total mikroorganisme (TPC), pH, unsur C, unsur N, dan rasio C/N. Hasil penilitian menunjukkan hasil sidik ragam pada interaksi abu sekam dengan kulit tanduk biji kopi serta dengan metode penanganannya berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap total mikroorganisme, nilai pH, nilai unsur Karbon, dan nilai unsur Nitrogen. Tingginya pebandingan abu sekam dan kulit tanduk biji kopi dengan metode penanganannya dibakar maupun tanpa dibakar cenderung meningkatkan nilaipH, nilai karbon (C), nilai C/N rasio. Berdasarkan dari semua uji yang dilakukan terdapat kombinasi perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan perbandingan abu sekam dengan kulit tanduk biji kopi 2:1 dan metode penanganannya yaitu dibakar dan tanpa dibakar menghasilkan total mikroorganisme, pH, dan rasio C/N.Substitution Of Paddy Husk Ash With coffee bean horn skin And Differences Of The Handling Methods On The Quality Of BocationAbstract: Bokasi is an organic fertilizer that can be made using materials such as animal manure, husk ash, sawdust and bran. In coffee-producing regions, the waste of coffee bean horn skin can also be used as natural fertilizer. In general, husk ash and coffee bean horn skin can function as soil tillers, making it easier for plant roots to absorb nutrients and improve soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution of husk ash with coffee bean horn skin and the different methods of handling it in making bocations on the quality of the resulting bocation. The study used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 2 factors. Factor I is the ratio of coffee husk ash and horn skin which consists of 5 levels (1: 0, 2: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, 0: 1) and factor II is the handling of coffee bean horn skin which consists of 2 level (burned and without burning). Thus, there are 5 combinations of levels of comparison with the method of handling 2 and the number of replications 3 times, so that 30 units of experiment are obtained. The analysis carried out included: total microorganisms (TPC), pH, element C, element N, and ratio C / N. The results showed that the results of variance in the interaction of husk ash with coffee bean horn skin and the handling method had a very significant effect on total microorganisms, pH value, Carbon element value, and Nitrogen element value. The high proportion of husk ash and coffee bean horn skin with the method of handling burned or without burning tends to increase the value of pH, carbon value (C), and C / N ratio. Based on all the tests carried out there was the best combination of treatments obtained in the comparison treatment of husk ash with 2: 1 coffee bean horn skin and the method of handling was burned and without burning resulting in total microorganisms, pH, and ratio C / N.
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Ramirez, Nathalia, Fabiana Sardella, Cristina Deiana, Anja Schlosser, Dennis Müller, Patrick A. Kißling, Lars F. Klepzig, and Nadja C. Bigall. "Capacitive behavior of activated carbons obtained from coffee husk." RSC Advances 10, no. 62 (2020): 38097–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06206e.
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Rebollo-Hernanz, Miguel, Silvia Cañas, Diego Taladrid, Vanesa Benítez, Begoña Bartolomé, Yolanda Aguilera, and María A. Martín-Cabrejas. "Revalorization of Coffee Husk: Modeling and Optimizing the Green Sustainable Extraction of Phenolic Compounds." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030653.
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This study aimed to model and optimize a green sustainable extraction method of phenolic compounds from the coffee husk. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to model the impact of extraction variables (temperature, time, acidity, and solid-to-liquid ratio) on the recovery of phenolic compounds. All responses were fitted to the RSM and ANN model, which revealed high estimation capabilities. The main factors affecting phenolic extraction were temperature, followed by solid-to-liquid ratio, and acidity. The optimal extraction conditions were 100 °C, 90 min, 0% citric acid, and 0.02 g coffee husk mL−1. Under these conditions, experimental values for total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, o-diphenols, and in vitro antioxidant capacity matched with predicted ones, therefore, validating the model. The presence of chlorogenic, protocatechuic, caffeic, and gallic acids and kaemferol-3-O-galactoside was confirmed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The phenolic aqueous extracts from the coffee husk could be used as sustainable food ingredients and nutraceutical products.
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Ferraz, F. D. O., and S. S. D. Silva. "Characterization of coffee husk biomass for biotechnological purposes." New Biotechnology 25 (September 2009): S256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.573.
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SUAREZ, JOSE ANTONIO, and CARLOS ALBERTO LUENGO. "Coffee Husk Briquettes: A New Renewable Energy Source." Energy Sources 25, no. 10 (October 2003): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908310390232415.
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Hernández Rodiguez, Mónica, Jan Yperman, Robert Carleer, Jens Maggen, Dessalegn Dadi, Grazyna Gryglewicz, Bart Van der Bruggen, José Falcón Hernández, and Alexis Otero Calvis. "Adsorption of Ni(II) on spent coffee and coffee husk based activated carbon." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6, no. 1 (February 2018): 1161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.045.
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Vu, Ngoc-Thuy, and Khac-Uan Do. "A STUDY ON COMBINATION OF BIOCHAR AND ACTIVATED SLUDGE FOR REMOVING AMMONIUM FROM LOW C/N RATIO WASTEWATER." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, no. 5A (November 12, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/5a/15198.
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Grey domestic wastewater from septic tank contains high nitrogen content and low C/N ratio. Therefore, the aerobic biological treatment is often not effective for ammonium and nitrogen removal. The aim of this work was to study the performance of nitrogen removal and production of aerobic granular sludge using biochar produced from coffee husk pyrolyzed at 350oC as biocarrier. It was performed under the lab-scale SBR systems. Low C/N ratio domestic wastewater was used for this work. Coffee husk biochar (CFH 350) was added into the systems at different dosage. As a result, the biochar made from coffee husk pyrolyzed at low temperature promoted the adhesion of sludge onto biochar surface. The particles size of biochar played an important role for adsorption and adhesion capacity of activated sludge on biochar. The growth rate of bacterial sludge was accelerated and higher than control sample when biochar was used with biochar dose of 15 g/L. Though nitrification rate was improved as the bacterial sludge was accelerated, however, at initial stage, the removal efficiency of COD and total nitrogen was not as high as compare to traditional activated aerobic sludge system.
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Medeiros, Erika Valente de, Marcele de Cássia Henriques dos Santos Moraes, Diogo Paes da Costa, Gustavo Pereira Duda, Julyana Braga de Oliveira, Jenifer Sthephanie Araujo da Silva, José Romualdo de Sousa Lima, and Claude Hammecker. "Effect of biochar and inoculation with Trichoderma aureoviride on melon growth and sandy Entisol quality." June 2020, no. 14(6):2020 (June 20, 2020): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.06.p2302.
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The melon belongs to the family of commercially important cucurbitaceous in the world. However, the production of this crop can be very problematic in some places due to management practices and the climatic instability. Amongst the different options available to overcome these obstacles, the use of biochar often promoted for providing multiple benefits to crops, could contribute in holding more water and nutrients in soil and therefore improve the plant growth. A second way to try to improve the plant development was to use Trichoderma (TRI) known as aiding in seed germination, and being an excellent biological control agent against plant pathogenic pests. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of the association of biochar and TRI on the initial growth of melon and the effects on the quality of a sandy Entisol. We quantified the effects of these associations through biometric growth in melon plants and chemical, microbial, and enzymatic activities of the biogeochemical cycles in the soil. An experiment in a completely of randomized design was performed in a factorial scheme (3 x 2 + 1) with three sources of biochar (bean husk (BH), coffee ground (CG), and coffee husk (CH)) inoculated with (T+) or without (T-) TRI and additional controls When the coffee grounds (CG) and bean husks (BH) biochar with T+ soil was inoculated, the fresh weight (number of leaves), dry weight, length (of roots and branch), soil acid and alkaline phosphatase, total organic carbon, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, and pH were all increased. Moreover, T. aureoviride inoculated CG biochar compared to the control increased the shoot length and dry biomass of the melon plant in 30 and 22% between 22 and 30 %. The soil that received coffee husks (CH) biochar and T+ showed higher microbial biomass carbon. However, the melon plants responded more to the type of biochar than to the T. aureoviride inoculation, possibly due to the short growth time of melon. Results of BH biochar inoculated with T. aureviride in sandy soil showed improved efficiency on melon growth and increased soil quality.
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Belan, Lais, Fabíola Cristine de Almeida Rego, Filipe Alexandre Boscaro de Castro, Camila Cano Serafim, Marta Juliane Gasparini, Marilice Zundt, Agostinho Ludovico, Caliê Castilho, Luiz Fernando Coelho Cunha Filho, and Josiane Ito Eleodoro. "Replacing oat hay with coffee husk in the feed of finishing lambs." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 4 (June 7, 2019): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n4p1653.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of replacing oat hay with coffee husk for the feeding of confined lambs. In this study, 24 male Texel lambs of approximately 60 days of age and with a mean ± standard error weight of 21.95 ± 5.81 kg were examined. Their diet was composed of 30% oat hay and 70% concentrated feed per kilogram of dry matter. The experimental design was randomized and included four treatments (0, 7.5, 15, and 22.5% of coffee husk in the total dry matter), with six replicates of each treatment. The animals were slaughtered when they reached a mean live weight of 32 kg. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake and mean daily weight gain (which were 197 g day-1) among treatments. The mean daily weight gain (DWG) was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the replacement of oat hay with coffee husk in the diet, with the overall mean DWG being 215.05 g day-1. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments in any of the studied carcass variables, and the mean true carcass yield was 53.9%. The lambs presented a mean finishing score of 2.96 (on a scale of 1 to 5) and a conformation of 4.21 (on a scale of 1 to 6), characterizing them as good carcasses. In terms of economic viability, the 7.5% diet stood out as the one that had the highest profitability, generating a profit of $ 3.25 USD per kg of carcass produced. Coffee husk can therefore replace oat hay in the feed of finishing lambs in concentrations of 0.075 to 0.225 kg kg-¹ of total dry matter with biological and economical efficacy and generating good commercial carcasses.
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Puspaningrum, Dylla Hanggaeni Dyah, and Ni Kadek Yunita Sari. "PENGARUH PENGERINGAN DAN RASIO PENYEDUHAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA TEH CASCARA KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabika L.)." Pro Food 6, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/profood.v6i2.159.
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ABSTRACT
In 2018, the Arabica coffee commodity in Bangli, Bali reached 2,252 tons. The high yield of coffee plantations has an impact on the high yield of post-harvest coffee fruit skin waste. The waste of coffee husk reaches an average of 16.37% or each of coffee processing will produce 45% coffee skins, 10% lenders, 5% bran and 40% coffee beans. The coffee husk waste processed into cascara. This study aimed to determine the effect of the drying method and brewing ratio on the physical and chemical characteristic of the cascara arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.). This study applied a factorial randomized block design (RBD); with 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the drying method (sunlight; oven). The second factor is the brewing ratio of dry tea. The brewing ratio are water (1: 200; 3: 200; 5: 200) with 4 repetition. Physical characteristic includes the degree of acidity (pH), total acid and color. Chemical characteristic includes caffeine, tannins, total phenols and antioxidant capacity. The results of the analysis showed that sun drying concurrently with an increase in the brewing ratio resulted the highest total acid was 0.64%; the lowest degree of acidity (pH) was 5.69; low brightness (L *) values between 0.43-0.76%; redness value (a *) is high (39.49-49.12%); yellowish value (b *) is low between (-21.16- -27.74%); highest caffeine 54.42ppm; the highest total phenol 8.23 mg GAE / 100ml; highest tannins 3.18TAE / 100ml; and the highest antioxidant capacity 697.33mg / L GAEAC.
Keywords: cascara, coffea arabika L, drying, brewing cratio, physical properties, chemical properties
ABSTRAK
Komoditas kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Bangli provinsi Bali pada Tahun 2018 mencapai sebesar 2.252 Ton. Tingginya hasil perkebunan kopi ini berdampak dengan tingginya hasil limbah kulit buah kopi pasca panen yang dihasilkan. Limbah kulit kopi yang dihasilkan rata-rata mencapai 16,37% atau setiap pengolahan buah kopi akan dihasilkan 45% kulit kopi, 10% lender, 5% kulit ari dan 40% biji kopi. Pemanfaatan limbah kulit kopi dilakukan dengan pengolahan menjadi cascara. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengeringan dan rasio penyeduhan terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia the cascara kopi arabika (Coffea arabika L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah cara pengeringan (sinar matahari; oven) dan faktor kedua adalah rasio penyeduhan teh kering: air (1:200; 3:200; 5:200) dengan 4 kali ulangan. Sifat fisik meliputi derajat keasaman (pH), total asam, warna. Sifat kimia meliputi kandungan kafein, tanin, total fenol, kapasitas antioksidan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan pengeringan sinar matahari dan diiringi dengan peningkatan rasio penyeduhan menghasilkan total asam tertinggi 0,64%; derajat keasaman (pH) terendah 5,69; nilai kecerahan (L*) rendah antara 0,43-0,76%; nilai kemerahan (a*) tinggi antara (39,49-49,12%); nilai Kekuningan (b*) rendah antara (-21,16- -27,74%); kafein tertinggi 54,42ppm; total fenol tertinggi 8,23mg GAE/100ml; tanin tertinggi 3,18TAE/100ml; dan kapasitas antioksidan tertinggi 697,33mg/L GAEAC.
Kata kunci: cascara, kopi arabika, pengeringan, rasio penyeduhan, sifat fisik, sifat kimia