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1

Trendel, Olivier, and Luk Warlop. "Présentation et applications des mesures implicites de restitution mémorielle en marketing." Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 20, no. 2 (2005): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737010502000204.

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Une mesure implicite est une mesure utilisant un protocole de recueil de données non centré directement sur l'objet d'investigation. Les mesures implicites présentées dans ce papier concernent soit la restitution mémorielle d'un concept unique ( i.e. la mémoire implicite), soit la restitution mémorielle d'associations (par exemple le Test d'Associations Implicites). Six domaines d'applications de ces mesures en marketing sont détaillés. Pour chaque domaine, les apports de ces mesures sont clairement identifiés. La validité de ces mesures est également abordée. La conclusion synthétise les diff
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Belboula, Imène, and Annabi Ben Aissa. "Design et Positionnement du Luxe : L’Apport de la Cognition Implicite." التكامل الاقتصادي, no. 3 (2014): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0032796.

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Watanabe, Jun-Ya. "Gérondif « non-coréférentiel »." Voix Plurielles 12, no. 1 (2015): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v12i1.1186.

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Par « gérondif non-coréférentiel », nous entendons le gérondif dont le sujet n'est pas coréférentiel avec celui de la proposition régissante. Il s'agit là d'un emploi souvent qualifié d'anomalie grammaticale. Notre enquête dans le corpus « Corpatext 1.02 » a révélé que les conditions prototypiques du gérondif non-coréférentiel étaient (i) les verbes psycho-cognitifs pour le gérondif, et (ii) l'aspect lexical non-borné pour le verbe de la proposition régissante. Nous affirmons par là que c'est le sujet de cognition sous-jacent à la proposition régissante qui est le sujet implicite du gérondif n
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Ackerman, Claire-Lise, and Jean-Pierre Mathieu. "Risque et lancement de produits nouveaux : l'apport de la cognition sociale implicite." Management & Avenir 57, no. 7 (2012): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mav.057.0160.

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Lafleur, Alexis, Isabelle Soulières, and Baudoin Forgeot d’Arc. "Cognition sociale et sens de l’agentivité en autisme : de l’action à l’interaction." Santé mentale au Québec 41, no. 1 (2016): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036970ar.

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Le sens de l’agentivité (SdA) consiste à détecter que l’on est la cause d’une action (Gallagher, 2000). Il est lié au contrôle moteur, mais également à la conscience de soi et pourrait jouer un rôle important dans l’interaction sociale. Le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) est caractérisé par une altération des interactions sociales et de la communication (DSM-5 ; APA, 2013), et est souvent perçu comme relevant d’un déficit primaire de fonctions spécifiques à la cognition sociale. Pourtant, le contrôle moteur est également altéré dans le TSA. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que les symptômes mote
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Jubinville, Ginette. "L’archive iconographique : que nous révèle la culture visuelle des débuts de la psychiatrie française au dix-neuvième siècle ?" Santé mentale au Québec 41, no. 2 (2016): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037955ar.

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Cet article vise à construire, par l’analyse d’un domaine archivistique inédit ou négligé, une nouvelle histoire de la naissance de la psychiatrie, celle de sa culture visuelle. L’analyse des oeuvres d’art commandées par les premiers aliénistes français au début du dix-neuvième siècle met en lumière, d’une manière exceptionnelle, la reconnaissance de subjectivation et d’autonomie de la personne malade mentalement, qui est l’espoir inhérent au projet initial de la psychiatrie. Les artistes qui répondent aux commandes des premiers aliénistes expriment cet idéal, véhiculé tant par la philanthropi
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Sun, Ron, and Robert C. Mathews. "Implicit cognition, emotion, and meta-cognitive control." Mind & Society 11, no. 1 (2012): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11299-012-0101-5.

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PREDA, Vasile Radu. "The development of language: cognitive processes involved, assessment and educative interventions." Revista Română de Terapia Tulburărilor de Limbaj şi Comunicare VI, no. 1 (2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26744/rrttlc.2020.6.1.06.

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9

John-Henderson, Neha A. "Implicit Cognition." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 24, no. 4 (2015): 751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2015.06.005.

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10

Frensch, Peter A., and Dennis Rünger. "Implicit Learning." Current Directions in Psychological Science 12, no. 1 (2003): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.01213.

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Implicit learning appears to be a fundamental and ubiquitous process in cognition. Although defining and operationalizingimplicit learning remains a central theoretical challenge, scientists' understanding of implicit learning has progressed significantly. Beyond establishing the existence of “learning without awareness,” current research seeks to identify the cognitive processes that support implicit learning and addresses the relationship between learning and awareness of what was learned. The emerging view of implicit learning emphasizes the role of associative learning mechanisms that expl
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Billingsley, Joseph, Cristina M. Gomes, and Michael E. McCullough. "Implicit and explicit influences of religious cognition on Dictator Game transfers." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (2018): 170238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170238.

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Does religion promote prosocial behaviour? Despite numerous publications that seem to answer this question affirmatively, divergent results from recent meta-analyses and pre-registered replication efforts suggest that the issue is not yet settled. Uncertainty lingers around (i) whether the effects of religious cognition on prosocial behaviour were obtained through implicit cognitive processes, explicit cognitive processes or both and (ii) whether religious cognition increases generosity only among people disinclined to share with anonymous strangers. Here, we report two experiments designed to
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Shiomura, Kimihiro, and Jun‐ichiro Kawahara. "Editorial: Implicit Cognition." Japanese Psychological Research 61, no. 2 (2019): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12250.

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Greenwald, Anthony G., and Calvin K. Lai. "Implicit Social Cognition." Annual Review of Psychology 71, no. 1 (2020): 419–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050837.

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In the last 20 years, research on implicit social cognition has established that social judgments and behavior are guided by attitudes and stereotypes of which the actor may lack awareness. Research using the methods of implicit social cognition has produced the concept of implicit bias, which has generated wide attention not only in social, clinical, and developmental psychology, but also in disciplines outside of psychology, including business, law, criminal justice, medicine, education, and political science. Although this rapidly growing body of research offers prospects of useful societal
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Ksiazkiewicz, Aleksander, and James Hedrick. "An Introduction to Implicit Attitudes in Political Science Research." PS: Political Science & Politics 46, no. 03 (2013): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096513000632.

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During the past two decades, mounting evidence suggests that much of human social cognition occurs without deliberate effort and largely outside conscious awareness. Dual-process models, which distinguish explicit (conscious, slow, effortful) cognitive processes from implicit (often unconscious, fast, effortless) cognitive processes, “form the dominant paradigm [of social cognition research] for the past 20 years or more” (Evans 2008). Although these advances in social cognition research have begun to be integrated into models of political cognition over the past decade (e.g., Kim, Taber, and
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Evans, Jonathan St B. T., and David E. Over. "The role of language in the dual process theory of thinking." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 6 (2002): 684–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02330127.

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Carruthers’proposals would seem to implicate language in what is known as System 2 thinking (explicit) rather than System 1 thinking (implicit) in contemporary dual process theories of thinking and reasoning. We provide outline description of these theories and show that while Carruthers’characterization of non-verbal processes as domain-specific identifies one critical feature of System 1 thinking, he appears to overlook the fact that much cognition of this type results from domain-general learning processes. We also review cognitive psychological evidence that shows that language and the exp
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De Houwer, Jan. "Implicit Bias Is Behavior: A Functional-Cognitive Perspective on Implicit Bias." Perspectives on Psychological Science 14, no. 5 (2019): 835–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691619855638.

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Implicit bias is often viewed as a hidden force inside people that makes them perform inappropriate actions. This perspective can induce resistance against the idea that people are implicitly biased and complicates research on implicit bias. I put forward an alternative perspective that views implicit bias as a behavioral phenomenon. more specifically, it is seen as behavior that is automatically influenced by cues indicative of the social group to which others belong. This behavioral perspective is less likely to evoke resistance because implicit bias is seen as something that people do rathe
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Smith, Colin Tucker, and Brian A. Nosek. "Affective Focus Increases the Concordance Between Implicit and Explicit Attitudes." Social Psychology 42, no. 4 (2011): 300–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000072.

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Two attitude dichotomies – implicit versus explicit and affect versus cognition – are presumed to be related. Following a manipulation of attitudinal focus (affective or cognitive), participants completed two implicit measures (Implicit Association Test and the Sorting Paired Features task) and three explicit attitude measures toward cats/dogs (Study 1) and gay/straight people (Study 2). Based on confirmatory factor analysis, both studies showed that explicit attitudes were more related to implicit attitudes in an affective focus than in a cognitive focus. We suggest that, although explicit ev
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Keifer, Cara M., Amori Yee Mikami, James P. Morris, Erin J. Libsack, and Matthew D. Lerner. "Prediction of social behavior in autism spectrum disorders: Explicit versus implicit social cognition." Autism 24, no. 7 (2020): 1758–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922058.

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Deficient social communication and interaction behaviors are a hallmark feature of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. These social communication and interaction deficits potentially stem from problems with explicit social cognition (i.e. processes that are controlled and largely conscious) as well as with implicit social cognition (i.e. processes that are fast, spontaneous, and primarily unconscious). This study aimed to investigate the relative contributions of implicit and explicit social cognition factors as predictors of multi-informant measures of social communication and interact
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Plotka, Irina, Nina Blumenau, Dmitry Igonin, and Aleksandra Bolshakova. "RESEARCH OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT HEALTHY OR UNHEALTHY FOOD RELATED COGNITIONS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 7 (May 21, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol7.3888.

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The research aim is to study the relationships between implicit and explicit healthy or unhealthy food related cognitions. Research questions: (1) Is there a relationship between the results of measurements of healthy or unhealthy food related cognitions by implicit and self-assessment procedures? (2) How are healthy or unhealthy food related implicit and explicit cognitions and somatic properties (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), age, sex) related? (3) What common factors underlie the relationship between implicit and explicit healthy or unhealthy food related cognitions and somatic pro
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Fleischhauer, Monika, Anja Strobel, Sören Enge, and Alexander Strobel. "Assessing Implicit Cognitive Motivation: Developing and Testing An Implicit Association Test to Measure Need for Cognition." European Journal of Personality 27, no. 1 (2013): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1841.

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The personality trait need for cognition (NFC) refers to individual differences in cognitive motivation and has proven to be an extraordinarily useful descriptor and predictor in the context of information processing. So far, NFC has been assessed via self–report. More recent research, however, accentuates the value of indirect measures, as they tap into implicit aspects of the personality self–concept and are assumed to provide incremental validity especially in predicting automatic aspects of behaviour. Therefore, in the present research, different NFC–Implicit Association Tests (IATs) were
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Phillips, Jonathan, and Fiery Cushman. "Morality constrains the default representation of what is possible." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 18 (2017): 4649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619717114.

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The capacity for representing and reasoning over sets of possibilities, or modal cognition, supports diverse kinds of high-level judgments: causal reasoning, moral judgment, language comprehension, and more. Prior research on modal cognition asks how humans explicitly and deliberatively reason about what is possible but has not investigated whether or how people have a default, implicit representation of which events are possible. We present three studies that characterize the role of implicit representations of possibility in cognition. Collectively, these studies differentiate explicit reaso
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MacWhinney, Brian. "IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT PROCESSES." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 19, no. 2 (1997): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263197002076.

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The relation between experimental psychology and second language acquisition research has gone through at least two major swings of the pendulum. During the heyday of behaviorism, the pendulum swung strongly toward psychology. The behaviorist psychologists advised us to think of language learning as nothing more than habit formation (Mowrer, 1960), and second language learning materials reflected an emphasis on repetition, drill, rewards, practice, and conditioning. During the early years of the cognitive revolution, Chomsky (1959) argued that viewing language as a conditioned response (Skinne
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Wiers, Reinout W., and Alan W. Stacy. "Implicit Cognition and Addiction." Current Directions in Psychological Science 15, no. 6 (2006): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00455.x.

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Addington, Jean, Huma Saeedi, and Donald Addington. "Influence of social perception and social knowledge on cognitive and social functioning in early psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 189, no. 4 (2006): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.021022.

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BackgroundSocial cognition has been implicated in the relationship between cognition and social functioning.AimsTo test the hypothesis that social cognition mediates the relationship between cognitive and social functioning.MethodThis was a 1-year longitudinal cohort study comparing three groups: 50 people with first-episode psychosis, 53 people with multi-episode schizophrenia and 55 people without psychiatric disorder as controls. Participants were assessed on social perception, social knowledge, interpersonal problem-solving, cognition and social functioning.ResultsThere were significant as
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Mohammadpanah, Hammed, and Samira Hamzehei. "Interrelation of Character-Generated Implicature and Inter-Character Sentimentality: A Comparison of of Stephenie Meyer’s ‘Twilight’ and Veronica Roth’s ‘Divergent’." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 11, no. 4 (2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.11n.4p.37.

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Inspired by the cognitive approach to characterisation and in view of relevance theory, this research attempted to outline a relevance-theoretic account of how affective attachment between fictional characters influences writers’ use of implicata through characters as part of inter-character discourse by defining cognitive processes into fictional characters as a pivotal element of implicit characterisation. Our attempt addressed the veracity of such an influence and the question whether awareness of the intensity degree of such sentimentality influences readers’ non-spontaneous interpretation
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Fux, Michal. "Cultural Transmission of Precautionary Ideas: The Weighted Role of Implicit Motivation." Journal of Cognition and Culture 16, no. 5 (2016): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342186.

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Inspired by the idea that cognitive systems evoke cultural phenomena, this study tested a theory suggesting precautionary cognitive mechanisms as both a constraint and an enabler of transmission of cultural concepts such as religious rituals. Using ‘restricted range of themes’ as a link between precautionary cognition and religious rituals, this cross cultural study of Zulu communities in sa tested people’s inferences about implications of failure to perform life-stage rituals in order to identify the nature of the presence of precautionary themes in Zulu rituals and any involvement of environ
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Flower, Laura, Katherine Newman-Taylor, and Lusia Stopa. "Cognitive Control Processes in Paranoia: The Impact of Threat Induction on Strategic Cognition and Self-Focused Attention." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 43, no. 1 (2013): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465813000891.

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Background:Current clinical models emphasize certain cognitive processes in the maintenance of distressing paranoia. While a number of these processes have been examined in detail, the role of strategic cognition and self-focused attention remain under-researched.Aims:This study examined the deployment of cognitive strategies and self-focused attention in people with non-clinical paranoia.Method:An experimental design was used to examine the impact of a threat activation task on these processes, in participants with high and low non-clinical paranoia. Twenty-eight people were recruited to each
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Rosenblau, Gabriela, Dorit Kliemann, Benjamin Lemme, Henrik Walter, Hauke R. Heekeren, and Isabel Dziobek. "The role of the amygdala in naturalistic mentalising in typical development and in autism spectrum disorder." British Journal of Psychiatry 208, no. 6 (2016): 556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.159269.

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BackgroundThe substantial discrepancy between mentalising in experimental settings v. real-life social interactions hinders the understanding of the neural basis of real-life social cognition and of social impairments in psychiatric disorders.AimsTo determine the neural mechanisms underlying naturalistic mentalising in individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder.MethodWe investigated mentalising with a new video-based functional magnetic resonance imaging task in 20 individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 22 matched healthy controls.ResultsNaturalistic mentalising implicated re
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Zufferey, Sandrine. "Discourse connectives across languages." Languages in Contrast 16, no. 2 (2016): 264–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.16.2.05zuf.

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Coherence relations linking discourse segments can be communicated explicitly by the use of connectives but also implicitly through juxtaposition. Some discourse relations appear, however, to be more coherent than others when conveyed implicitly. This difference is explained in the literature by the existence of default expectations guiding discourse interpretation. In this paper, we assess the factors influencing implicitation by comparing the number of implicit and explicit translations of three polysemous French connectives in translated texts across three target languages: German, English
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Dasgupta, Nilanjana. "Implicit Measures of Social Cognition." Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology 218, no. 1 (2010): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0044-3409/a000009.

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Lane, Kristin A., Jerry Kang, and Mahzarin R. Banaji. "Implicit Social Cognition and Law." Annual Review of Law and Social Science 3, no. 1 (2007): 427–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.lawsocsci.3.081806.112748.

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Steffler, Dorothy J. "Implicit Cognition and Spelling Development." Developmental Review 21, no. 2 (2001): 168–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/drev.2000.0517.

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Thompson, J. Robert. "Implicit mindreading and embodied cognition." Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 11, no. 4 (2011): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11097-011-9213-3.

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Pietroski, Paul M., and Susan J. Dwyer. "Knowledge by ignoring." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (1999): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99512181.

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Some cases of implicit knowledge involve representations of (implicitly) known propositions, but this is not the only important type of implicit knowledge. Chomskian linguistics suggests another model of how humans can know more than is accessible to consciousness. Innate capacities to focus on a small range of possibilities, thereby ignoring many others, need not be grounded by inner representations of any possibilities ignored. This model may apply to many domains where human cognition “fills a gap” between stimuli and judgment.
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Schimmack, Ulrich. "Invalid Claims About the Validity of Implicit Association Tests by Prisoners of the Implicit Social-Cognition Paradigm." Perspectives on Psychological Science 16, no. 2 (2021): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691621991860.

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In a prior publication, I used structural equation modeling of multimethod data to examine the construct validity of Implicit Association Tests. The results showed no evidence that IATs measure implicit constructs (e.g., implicit self-esteem, implicit racial bias). This critique of IATs elicited several responses by implicit social-cognition researchers, who tried to defend the validity and usefulness of IATs. I carefully examine these arguments and show that they lack validity. IAT proponents consistently ignore or misrepresent facts that challenge the validity of IATs as measures of individu
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Teachman, Bethany A., Elise M. Clerkin, William A. Cunningham, Sarah Dreyer-Oren, and Alexandra Werntz. "Implicit Cognition and Psychopathology: Looking Back and Looking Forward." Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 15, no. 1 (2019): 123–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095718.

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Implicit cognitive processing is theorized to have a central role in many forms of psychopathology. In the current review, we focus on implicit associations, by which we mean evaluative representations in memory that are difficult to control and do not require conscious reflection to influence affect, cognition, or behavior. We consider definitional and measurement challenges before examining recent empirical evidence for these associations in anxiety, obsessive–compulsive, posttraumatic stress, depressive, and alcohol use disorders. This examination is framed by a brief review of the ways tha
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Moeller, Korbinian, Elise Klein, and Hans-Christoph Nuerk. "Influences of Cognitive Control on Numerical Cognition-Adaptation by Binding for Implicit Learning." Topics in Cognitive Science 5, no. 2 (2013): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tops.12015.

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Verkuil, Bart, Jos F. Brosschot, Derek P. de Beurs, and Julian F. Thayer. "Effects of explicit and implicit perseverative cognition on cardiac recovery after cognitive stress." International Journal of Psychophysiology 74, no. 3 (2009): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.09.003.

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Kaser, M., R. Zaman, and B. J. Sahakian. "Cognition as a treatment target in depression." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 6 (2016): 987–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716003123.

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Cognitive dysfunction in depression is associated with poorer clinical outcomes and impaired psychosocial functioning. However, most treatments for depression do not specifically target cognition. Neurocognitive deficits such as memory and concentration problems tend to persist after mood symptoms recover. Improving cognition in depression requires a better understanding of brain systems implicated in depression. A comprehensive approach is warranted for refined methods of assessing and treating cognitive dysfunction in depression.
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Ferguson, Melissa J., Thomas C. Mann, Jeremy Cone, and Xi Shen. "When and How Implicit First Impressions Can Be Updated." Current Directions in Psychological Science 28, no. 4 (2019): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721419835206.

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Human perceivers continually react to the social world implicitly —that is, spontaneously and rapidly. Earlier research suggested that implicit impressions of other people are slower to change than self-reported impressions in the face of contradictory evidence, often leaving them miscalibrated from what one learns to be true. Recent work, however, has identified conditions under which implicit impressions can be rapidly updated. Here, we review three lines of work showing that implicit impressions are responsive to information that is highly diagnostic, believable, or reframes earlier experie
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Mender, Donald. "The implicit possibility of dualism in quantum probabilistic cognitive modeling." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 3 (2013): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12003044.

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AbstractPothos & Busemeyer (P&B) argue convincingly that quantum probability offers an improvement over classical Bayesian probability in modeling the empirical data of cognitive science. However, a weakness related to restrictions on the dimensionality of incompatible physical observables flows from the authors' “agnosticism” regarding quantum processes in neural substrates underlying cognition. Addressing this problem will require either future research findings validating quantum neurophysics or theoretical expansion of the uncertainty principle as a new, neurocognitively contextual
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Thomson, Jaime W., Shilpa Patel, Steven M. Platek, and Todd K. Shackelford. "Sex Differences in Implicit Association and Attentional Demands for Information about Infidelity." Evolutionary Psychology 5, no. 3 (2007): 147470490700500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470490700500307.

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Sex differences in reaction to a romantic partner's infidelity are well documented and are hypothesized to be attributable to sex-specific jealousy mechanisms that solve sex specific adaptive problems. There have been few cognitive-based investigations of jealousy, however. Here we investigated sex differences in implicit processing of jealousy-based information. In Experiment 1, we used the implicit association test (IAT) to investigate sex-differentiated biases in classifying sexual or emotional infidelity information as being positive or negative. Men made significantly more errors when ask
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Greenwald, Anthony G., Debbie E. McGhee, and Jordan L. K. Schwartz. "Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74, no. 6 (1998): 1464–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464.

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DeJesus, Jasmine M., Susan A. Gelman, and Julie C. Lumeng. "Children’s implicit food cognition: Developing a food Implicit Association Test." Cognitive Development 54 (April 2020): 100889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2020.100889.

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Spreng, R. Nathan, and Gary R. Turner. "The Shifting Architecture of Cognition and Brain Function in Older Adulthood." Perspectives on Psychological Science 14, no. 4 (2019): 523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691619827511.

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Cognitive aging is often described in the context of loss or decline. Emerging research suggests that the story is more complex, with older adults showing both losses and gains in cognitive ability. With increasing age, declines in controlled, or fluid, cognition occur in the context of gains in crystallized knowledge of oneself and the world. This inversion in cognitive capacities, from greater reliance on fluid abilities in young adulthood to increasingly crystallized or semanticized cognition in older adulthood, has profound implications for cognitive and real-world functioning in later lif
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Kim, Do-Yeong, and Daisung Jang. "Malleability of Explicit and Implicit Cognition." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 72 (September 19, 2008): 3PM166. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_3pm166.

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Dunham, Yarrow, Andrew S. Baron, and Mahzarin R. Banaji. "The development of implicit intergroup cognition." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12, no. 7 (2008): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.04.006.

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Stacy, Alan W., Susan L. Ames, Steve Sussman, and Clyde W. Dent. "Implicit cognition in adolescent drug use." Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 10, no. 3 (1996): 190–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-164x.10.3.190.

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Steele, Robert S., and Jill G. Morawski. "Implicit Cognition and the Social Unconscious." Theory & Psychology 12, no. 1 (2002): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354302121003.

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Nosek, Brian A., and Rachel G. Riskind. "Policy Implications of Implicit Social Cognition." Social Issues and Policy Review 6, no. 1 (2012): 113–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2409.2011.01037.x.

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