Journal articles: 'Cognitive control theory'

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Fatemi, Mehdi, and Simon Haykin. "Cognitive Control: Theory and Application." IEEE Access 2 (2014): 698–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2014.2332333.

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Braver, Todd S., and Deanna M. Barch. "A theory of cognitive control, aging cognition, and neuromodulation." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 26, no. 7 (November 2002): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00067-2.

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Antipova, Ekaterina, and Sergey Rashkovskiy. "Mathematical Theory of Conflicts as a Cognitive Control Theory." Information 14, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14010001.

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We give a rigorous mathematical definition of conflict, on the basis of which we formulate the mathematical theory of conflicts as a problem of the theory of cognitive control. Possible ways of influencing the conflicting parties on each other are considered and analyzed. The analysis carried out shows that the control of a conflict situation is fundamentally different from the control of technical objects. So, when controlling technical objects, it is usually possible to directly influence the reason that causes error (deviation) in the system. In a conflict situation, there is often no opportunity to directly influence the opposite side of the conflict. However, each of the conflicting parties has the ability to change its own parameters and, thereby, create a conflict for the opposite side, which is forced to change its parameters to those necessary for the opponent in order to resolve its own conflict. Within the framework of the developed theory, the conflict between the worker and the employer is considered, and this conflict is analyzed from the point of view of the cognitive control theory.

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Eysenck, Michael W., Nazanin Derakshan, Rita Santos, and Manuel G. Calvo. "Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory." Emotion 7, no. 2 (2007): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336.

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Pakpahan, Farida Hanum, and Marice Saragih. "Theory Of Cognitive Development By Jean Piaget." Journal of Applied Linguistics 2, no. 2 (July 28, 2022): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52622/joal.v2i2.79.

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Although many core themes and concepts unite the field of cognitive development, it is a wide and varied field, particularly when it comes to cognitive development in early. Piaget proposed four cognitive developmental stages for children, including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and the formal operational stage. Although Piaget’s theories have had a great impact on developmental psychology, his notions have not been fully accepted without critique. Piaget’s theory has some shortcomings, including overestimating the ability of adolescence and underestimating infant’s capacity. Piaget also neglected cultural and social interaction factors in the development of children’s cognition and thinking ability. Cognitive development occurs at several stages during childhood. As a result, cognitive development studies the nature of child development in terms of how they gain conscious control over their intellect and behavior. Piaget contributions, particularly in regards to the process of education among children and transferring cognition into psychology, have had a significant effect on the science of child development. Keywords: Cognitive Development, Child Development

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Retno Anggraini, Francisca Reni, and Fransiscus Asisi Joko Siswanto. "ETHICAL LEADERSHIP FOR INTERNAL AUDITOR: AN EXAMINATION OF SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY." Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jaki.2019.09.

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Abstract This study aims to empirically examine the influence of subjective norms, behavioral control, and intention on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud with ethical leadership as a moderating variable. This study used a scenario-based survey of internal auditors working in state-owned and mid-level private companies. The sample was chosen by the non-random method because the sample was taken from the participants of the SNIA (National Internal Auditor Symposium) and in total, 117 respondents were gathered as valid samples. Data were analyzed using Warp PLS 4.0. This study proves that subjective norms and behavioral control have a positive effect on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud, while intention has a negative influence on the attitude. Ethical leadership strengthens the positive influence of subjective norms and behavioral control on the attitude of the internal auditors. It also reinforces the negative influence of intention on the internal auditors’ attitude. This research supports a model of integration between Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Cognitive Theory, which states that the environment, in this case ethical leadership, influences the internal auditor's cognition in making ethical decisions. However, this study cannot prove that ethical leadership can reduce the negative influence of intention on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud.

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Lavie, Nilli, Aleksandra Hirst, Jan W. de Fockert, and Essi Viding. "Load Theory of Selective Attention and Cognitive Control." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 133, no. 3 (2004): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.3.339.

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Farrell, Philip S. E., and Sandra Chéry. "PTA: Perceptual Control Theory Based Task Analysis." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 18 (October 1998): 1314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201808.

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Task Analysis is a fundamental tool for analyzing human-machine systems, and has been applied in major aircraft projects supporting the Canadian Forces. The literature describes many task analysis methods under two major categories: behavioral and cognitive task analysis. This paper proposes a new task analysis based on Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) called PTA that encompasses all other analyses. PTA adopts an ego-centric approach, analyses goals and feedback, determines the cognitive compatibility, and specifies information requirements for interface and/or systems design. PTA was applied to a portion of a Coastal Patrol Aircraft task analysis. It was found that PTA provides a unified analysis, makes goals and feedback explicit, and provides a method for assessing cognitive compatibility.

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Mansell, Warren. "Understanding control and utilizing Control Theory in the science and practice of CBT." Cognitive Behaviour Therapist 2, no. 3 (September 2009): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1754470x09990146.

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AbstractThis editorial introduces the special issue of The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist on Control Theory and CBT. The various routes through which Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) can inform CBT are explained and a range of theory, research and practice articles are introduced. Each focuses on encouraging and validating a Control Theory perspective to the clinical practice of cognitive behavioural therapies.

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GÄRDENFORS, PETER. "Mind-reading as Control Theory." European Review 15, no. 2 (April 4, 2007): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798707000233.

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In contrast to other animals, humans are good at mind-reading in the sense that they can represent the contents of the minds of others. In this article, the competence for inter-subjectivity is divided into representing the emotions, the attention, the intentions and the beliefs and knowledge of others. Recent attempts to exploit control theory for modelling various cognitive functions are discussed and it is outlined how this modelling approach can be combined with the analysis of inter-subjectivity.

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Lewis, Debra. "Modeling student engagement using optimal control theory." Journal of Geometric Mechanics 14, no. 1 (2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jgm.2021032.

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<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Student engagement in learning a prescribed body of knowledge can be modeled using optimal control theory, with a scalar state variable representing mastery, or self-perceived mastery, of the material and control representing the instantaneous cognitive effort devoted to the learning task. The relevant costs include emotional and external penalties for incomplete mastery, reduced availability of cognitive resources for other activities, and psychological stresses related to engagement with the learning task. Application of Pontryagin's maximum principle to some simple models of engagement yields solutions of the synthesis problem mimicking familiar behaviors including avoidance, procrastination, and increasing commitment in response to increasing mastery.</p>

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Hwang, In-Kwan, Ryoung-Kyoung Lee, Hae-Keun Cho, Yeon-Jun Lim, Eun-Kyoung Ko, and Myoung-Sun Song. "Game Theory for Transmission Power Control of Cognitive Radio." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 18, no. 4 (April 30, 2007): 448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2007.18.4.448.

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JORDAN, JERRY MONROE. "Executive Cognitive Control in Communication Extending Plan-Based Theory." Human Communication Research 25, no. 1 (September 1998): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1998.tb00435.x.

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Medaglia, John Dominic, Fabio Pasqualetti, Roy H. Hamilton, Sharon L. Thompson-Schill, and Danielle S. Bassett. "Brain and cognitive reserve: Translation via network control theory." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 75 (April 2017): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.016.

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Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María, and Miguel Ángel Fernández Blázquez. "Cognitive architectures and brain: towards an unified theory of cognition." International Journal of Psychological Research 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.776.

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Cognitive architectures are defined as the group of essential components belonging to a system which allows the analysis of its cognitions and behaviors. The aim of this study is to review one of the most plausible cognitive architectures from the neuroanatomic perspective: The Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) is a theory about how human mind works. Following an initial approach to its basic concepts its two computational levels are described, these are: a symbolic level , which includes declarative information; and a sub-symbolic level which is represented as a parallel set of processes. At the same time, architecture’s modules are related to brain’s functional neuroanatomy describing how cortico-striatal-thalamic circuit works

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Schmahmann, Jeremy D., Xavier Guell, Catherine J. Stoodley, and Mark A. Halko. "The Theory and Neuroscience of Cerebellar Cognition." Annual Review of Neuroscience 42, no. 1 (July 8, 2019): 337–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-070918-050258.

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Cerebellar neuroscience has undergone a paradigm shift. The theories of the universal cerebellar transform and dysmetria of thought and the principles of organization of cerebral cortical connections, together with neuroanatomical, brain imaging, and clinical observations, have recontextualized the cerebellum as a critical node in the distributed neural circuits subserving behavior. The framework for cerebellar cognition stems from the identification of three cognitive representations in the posterior lobe, which are interconnected with cerebral association areas and distinct from the primary and secondary cerebellar sensorimotor representations linked with the spinal cord and cerebral motor areas. Lesions of the anterior lobe primary sensorimotor representations produce dysmetria of movement, the cerebellar motor syndrome. Lesions of the posterior lobe cognitive-emotional cerebellum produce dysmetria of thought and emotion, the cerebellar cognitive affective/Schmahmann syndrome. The notion that the cerebellum modulates thought and emotion in the same way that it modulates motor control advances the understanding of the mechanisms of cognition and opens new therapeutic opportunities in behavioral neurology and neuropsychiatry.

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Đukić, Nemanja. "Sociology as theory of social control." Socioloski godisnjak, no. 7 (2012): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socgod1207139q.

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Starting from the discontinuity in the historical development of sociology, work analysis of naturalistic, sociologistic and symbolic habitus sociology, and shows how the idea of a healthy society is the fundamental spirit of the sociology of science. Hence, the conceptual paradigm of social control becomes possible to overcome the postmodern meta-theoretical and epistemological crisis explanatory credibility of modern sociology. Deadlock discursive development and crisis in order sociological paradigms can be overcome such decentering cognitive perspectives that will through the conceptual paradigm of social control established sociology itself as a theory of social control.

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Derakshan, Nazanin, and Michael W. Eysenck. "Anxiety, Processing Efficiency, and Cognitive Performance." European Psychologist 14, no. 2 (January 2009): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.168.

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There have been many attempts to account theoretically for the effects of anxiety on cognitive performance. This article focuses on two theories based on insights from cognitive psychology. The more recent is the attentional control theory ( Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007 ), which developed from the earlier processing efficiency theory ( Eysenck & Calvo, 1992 ). Both theories assume there is a fundamental distinction between performance effectiveness (quality of performance) and processing efficiency (the relationship between performance effectiveness and use of processing resources), and that anxiety impairs processing efficiency more than performance effectiveness. Both theories also assume that anxiety impairs the efficiency of the central executive component of the working memory system. In addition, attentional control theory assumes that anxiety impairs the efficiency of two types of attentional control: (1) negative attentional control (involved in inhibiting attention to task-irrelevant stimuli); and (2) positive attentional control (involved in flexibly switching attention between and within tasks to maximize performance). Recent (including unpublished) research relevant to theoretical predictions from attentional control theory is discussed. In addition, future directions for theory and research in the area of anxiety and performance are presented.

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Slevc, L. Robert, and Jared M. Novick. "Memory and cognitive control in an integrated theory of language processing." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 4 (June 24, 2013): 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12002683.

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AbstractPickering & Garrod's (P&G's) integrated model of production and comprehension includes no explicit role for nonlinguistic cognitive processes. Yet, how domain-general cognitive functions contribute to language processing has become clearer with well-specified theories and supporting data. We therefore believe that their account can benefit by incorporating functions like working memory and cognitive control into a unified model of language processing.

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Mukhlif, Fadhil, Norafida Ithnin, Omar B. Abdulghafoor, Faiz Alotaibi, and Nourah Saad Alotaibi. "Game Theory-Based IoT Efficient Power Control in Cognitive UAV." Computers, Materials & Continua 72, no. 1 (2022): 1561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.026074.

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Pastò, Luisa, Emilio Portaccio, Benedetta Goretti, Angelo Ghezzi, Silvia Lori, Bahia Hakiki, Marta Giannini, et al. "The cognitive reserve theory in the setting of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 22, no. 13 (July 11, 2016): 1741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458516629559.

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Background: The study of cognitive reserve (CR) in relationship with cognitive impairment (CI) in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) may provide cues to identifying subjects at higher risk of impairment and scope for therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To assess the potential impact of CR on cognition in a cohort of POMS patients. Methods: In all, 48 POMS patients were followed up for 4.7 ± 0.4 years. CI was defined as the failure of ⩾3 tests on an extensive neuropsychological battery. Change of neuropsychological performance was assessed through the Reliable Change Index (RCI) method. At baseline, CR was estimated by measuring the intelligence quotient (IQ). The relationships were assessed through multivariable regression analyses. Results: At baseline, CI was detected in 14/48 (29.2%) patients. Two out of 57 healthy control (HC; 3.5%) met the same criteria of CI ( p < 0.001). A deteriorating cognitive performance using the RCI method was observed in 18/48 patients (37.6%). Among the 34 cases who were cognitively preserved at baseline, a higher reserve predicted stable/improving performance (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.20; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Our results suggest that higher CR in POMS patients may protect from CI, particularly in subjects with initial cognitive preservation, providing relevant implications for counseling and rehabilitation strategies.

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Meiran, Nachshon. "Event coding, executive control, and task-switching." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 5 (October 2001): 893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01360107.

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Like the Theory of Event Coding (TEC), theories of executive functions depict cognition as a flexible and goal-directed system rather than a reflex-like one. Research on task-switching, a dominant paradigm in executive control, has revealed complex and some apparently counterintuitive results. Many of these are readily explained by assuming, like TEC, that cognitive control is based on selecting information from commensurate representations of stimuli and actions.

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Brytek-Matera, A., P. Bronowicka, and J. Walilko. "Restraint theory: Significance of rumination." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S179—S180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.476.

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IntroductionRestraint theory (Herman and Polivy, 1975) suggests that human eating behaviour is under cognitive control and this leads to reduced sensitivity to internal cues for satiety, resulting in overeating in situations where cognitive control is under-mined (Johnson et al., 2012). In other words, restraint theory suggests that restraint (dieting) actually leads to leads to an excessive intake of food.ObjectivesThe present study sought to investigate the relationship between dieting, eating behaviours (uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, cognitive restraint) and rumination (repetitive negative thinking). The second objective was to determine whether rumination mediates the relationship between dieting and both uncontrolled eating and emotional eating.MethodsThe sample was composed of 188 women (Mage = 29.46 ± 8.94; MBMI = 23.16 ± 4.04). The Eating Attitudes Test, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire were used in the present study.ResultsDieting for weight control (intentional weight loss) was associated with higher levels of uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, cognitive restraint and repetitive negative thinking. Mediation analyses showed that the relationship between dieting and inappropriate eating behaviours was mediated by rumination. The direct effect of dieting on both uncontrolled eating and emotional eating was significant, suggesting partial mediation.ConclusionsOur findings support the relevance of rumination in linking dieting and eating behaviours among women. The current study may have clinical applications such as the potential integration of rumination for the prevention and changes in inappropriate eating behaviours.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

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Krause, Mark A. "There is more to biological behavior than causation and control." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 6 (December 2001): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01370127.

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Biorobots may model the causation of relatively simple behaviors, but many animal behaviorists are concerned with complex cognitive traits and their evolution. Biorobotics seems limited in its ability to model cognition and to provide evolutionary explanations. Also, if robots could model complex traits, such as theory of mind, underdetermination could be problematic. Underdetermination is also a challenge for comparative psychologists.

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Yang, Guanglong, Xiao Wang, Xuezhi Tan, and Bin Li. "Adaptive power control algorithm in cognitive radio based on game theory." IET Communications 9, no. 15 (October 15, 2015): 1807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2014.1109.

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Matsui, Genki, Takuji Tachibana, Yukinori Nakamura, and Kenji Sugimoto. "Distributed power adjustment based on control theory for cognitive radio networks." Computer Networks 57, no. 17 (December 2013): 3344–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2013.07.022.

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Yu, Hui-xian, Zhao-xia Wang, Chang-bin Liu, Pei Dai, Yue Lan, and Guang-qing Xu. "Effect of Cognitive Function on Balance and Posture Control after Stroke." Neural Plasticity 2021 (January 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6636999.

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Hemiplegic gait is the most common sequela of stroke. Patients with hemiplegic gait are at a risk of falling because of poor balance. The theory of cognitive-motor networks paved the way for a new field of research. However, the mechanism of the relationship of cognition with gait or posture control networks is unclear because of the dynamic characteristics of walking and changing postures. To explore differences in the balance function and fall risk between patients with and without cognitive impairment after stroke, we utilized the Berg balance scale, Timed “Up and Go” test, and 10 m walking test. Patients were divided into two groups: the observation group (16 patients, female 6 and male 10), comprising patients with cognitive impairment after stroke, and the control group (16 patients, female 7 and male 9), comprising patients without cognitive impairment after stroke. We found that patients with cognitive impairment had worse balance function and a higher risk of falls. They needed a longer time to turn around or sit down. Our findings indicated that posture control in turning around and sitting down required more cognitive resources in daily life.

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Morelli, Nathan, and Matthew Hoch. "A Proposed Postural Control Theory Synthesizing Optimal Feedback Control Theory, Postural Motor Learning, and Cerebellar Supervision Learning." Perceptual and Motor Skills 127, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 1118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512520930868.

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Multiple theories regarding motor learning and postural control development aim to explain how the central nervous system (CNS) acquires, adjusts, and learns postural behaviors. However, few theories of postural motor development and learning propose possible neurophysiologic correlates to support their assumptions. Evidence from behavioral and computational models support the cerebellum’s role in supervising motor learning through the production of forward internal models, corrected by sensory prediction errors. Optimal Feedback Control Theory (OFCT) states that the CNS learns new behaviors by minimizing the cost of multi-joint movements that attain a task goal. By synthesizing principles of the OFCT, postural sway characteristics, and cerebellar anatomy and its internal models, we propose an integrated learning model in which cerebellar supervision of postural control is governed by movement cost functions.

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Pezzulo, Giovanni, Francesco Rigoli, and Karl J. Friston. "Hierarchical Active Inference: A Theory of Motivated Control." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 2018): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.01.009.

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Lo, Warren, Xiangrui Li, Kristen Hoskinson, Kelly McNally, Melissa Chung, JoEllen Lee, Ji Wang, Zhong-Lin Lu, and Keith Yeates. "Pediatric Stroke Impairs Theory of Mind Performance." Journal of Child Neurology 35, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073819887590.

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Aim: This pilot study explored whether childhood stroke impairs performance on theory of mind (ToM) tasks and whether ToM task performance correlates with resting state connectivity in brain regions linked with social cognition. Method: We performed a case-control study of 10 children with stroke and 10 age- and gender-matched controls. They completed 2 ToM tasks, and resting state connectivity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Children with stroke performed worse than controls on conative ToM tasks. Resting state connectivity in the central executive network was significantly higher and connectivity between right and left inferior parietal lobules was significantly decreased in children with stroke. Resting state activity and ToM performance were not significantly correlated. Interpretation: Childhood stroke results in poorer performance on specific ToM tasks. Stroke is associated with changes in resting state connectivity in networks linked with social cognition including ToM. Although the basis for these changes in connectivity is not well understood, these results may provide preliminary insights into potential mechanisms affecting social cognition after stroke. The findings suggest that further study of the effect of childhood stroke on network connectivity may yield insights as to how stroke affects cognitive functions in children.

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Locke, Edwin A. "Goal theory vs. control theory: Contrasting approaches to understanding work motivation." Motivation and Emotion 15, no. 1 (March 1991): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00991473.

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Paas, Fred, and Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer. "Cognitive-Load Theory: Methods to Manage Working Memory Load in the Learning of Complex Tasks." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 4 (July 8, 2020): 394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721420922183.

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Cognitive-load researchers attempt to engineer the instructional control of cognitive load by designing methods that substitute productive for unproductive cognitive load. This article highlights proven and new methods to achieve this instructional control by focusing on the cognitive architecture used by cognitive-load theory and aspects of the learning task, the learner, and the learning environment.

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Thenmozhi, C. "Models of Metacognition." Shanlax International Journal of Education 7, no. 2 (March 17, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v7i2.303.

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Thinking is a common process. Cognitive ability includes knowledge, memory and metacognition. Knowledge requires memory. These two are inextricably linked. Parents and teachers need to encourage children to take an active role in their learning and show them how to use what they know to the best advantage. Cognition is primarily a mental process. A successful theory of cognition would answer both the epistemological and biological questions. The purpose is to put forward a theory of cognition, that should provide an epistemological insight into the phenomenon of cognition. The concept of metacognition involves knowledge and control of self and control of the process. A metacognitive process consists of planning, strategies, knowledge, monitoring, evaluating and terminating. The Automation of Cognitive and Metacognitive Processes, Social and Emotional aspects of Metacognition, Domain General Versus domain specific Metacognitive Skills. Mata cognition, Intelligence and adaptive behaviour, Ann Brown distinguished between knowledge about cognition and regulation of cognition, Private Speech and Development of Metacognition is the models of metacognition.

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Zucchetto, Jillian Minahan. "Protective and Exacerbating Cognition and Attribution Factors From the Cognitive Discrepancy Theory of Loneliness." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.150.

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Abstract According to the cognitive discrepancy theory, although the discrepancy between actual and desired social resources may result in loneliness, Perlman and Peplau (1998) suggested that cognitive processing and attributional style also impact the interpretation of social information. Previous empirical research investigating predictors of loneliness have not assessed a wide range of cognition and attribution factors, so this study filled this gap by examining how protective (optimism, sense of mastery, and purpose in life) and exacerbating (depression, control constraints, negative self-perceptions of aging (SPA), and experiences of age-based discrimination) factors influence and moderate the experience of loneliness cross-sectionally and longitudinally using a sample of 3,345 Americans aged 50 years and older from the 2008 and 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Optimism (βs = -.15, -.13), mastery (βs = -.08, -.07), purpose in life (βs = -.19, -.18), depression (βs = .22,.14), control constraints (βs = .18, .17), negative SPA (βs = .13, .14), and experiences of ageism (βs = .07, .06) were significantly related to loneliness cross-sectionally and longitudinally, respectively. Optimism buffered the negative impact of poor functional social resources (e.g., low social support) on loneliness cross-sectionally while control constraints, negative SPA, and experiencing ageism exacerbated the relationship between low functional social resources and loneliness cross-sectionally. None of the protective or exacerbating factors modulated the relationship between functional social resources and loneliness longitudinally. These findings have important implications for the development of interventions that target loneliness. Targeting maladaptive cognitions may be particularly effective in reducing loneliness.

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MacDowell, Camden J., Sina Tafazoli, and Timothy J. Buschman. "A Goldilocks theory of cognitive control: Balancing precision and efficiency with low-dimensional control states." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 76 (October 2022): 102606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2022.102606.

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OKADOME, TAKESHI. "A FORMAL THEORY OF EARLY COGNITION DEVELOPMENT." Advances in Complex Systems 08, no. 02n03 (June 2005): 229–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525905000488.

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The formal theory of the development of early perception and motor control presented here deals with cognitive development as a mapping from a finite set of given experiences to a set of perceptual and motor-control functions. The theory involves seven constraints that uniquely define the mapping. The compatibility with observational phenomena and sufficiency of these constraints shows the validity of the theory. The principle underlying these constraints is a coding by the most efficient representation of information. The efficiency of representation is evaluated by the coding redundancy of given experiences defined as the number of real numbers that characterize experiences plus the size of the minimum continuous decoding function. The coding redundancy of experiences by the most efficient representation corresponds to the Kolmogorov complexity of the experiences. The mapping accounts for the dependence on neonatal experience of the development of perceptual and motor-control functions. This theory of development can also be seen as a metatheory of cognition that presents us a unified view of the diversity of perceptual and motor-control modules.

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McGovern, Robert A., and Sameer A. Sheth. "Role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder: converging evidence from cognitive neuroscience and psychiatric neurosurgery." Journal of Neurosurgery 126, no. 1 (January 2017): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.1.jns15601.

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OBJECTIVE Advances in understanding the neurobiological basis of psychiatric disorders will improve the ability to refine neuromodulatory procedures for treatment-refractory patients. One of the core dysfunctions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a deficit in cognitive control, especially involving the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). The authors' aim was to derive a neurobiological understanding of the successful treatment of refractory OCD with psychiatric neurosurgical procedures targeting the dACC. METHODS First, the authors systematically conducted a review of the literature on the role of the dACC in OCD by using the search terms “obsessive compulsive disorder” and “anterior cingulate.” The neuroscience literature on cognitive control mechanisms in the dACC was then combined with the literature on psychiatric neurosurgical procedures targeting the dACC for the treatment of refractory OCD. RESULTS The authors reviewed 89 studies covering topics that included structural and functional neuroimaging and electrophysiology. The majority of resting-state functional neuroimaging studies demonstrated dACC hyperactivity in patients with OCD relative to that in controls, while task-based studies were more variable. Electrophysiological studies showed altered dACC-related biomarkers of cognitive control, such as error-related negativity in OCD patients. These studies were combined with the cognitive control neurophysiology literature, including the recently elaborated expected value of control theory of dACC function. The authors suggest that a central feature of OCD pathophysiology involves the generation of mis-specified cognitive control signals by the dACC, and they elaborate on this theory and provide suggestions for further study. CONCLUSIONS Although abnormalities in brain structure and function in OCD are distributed across a wide network, the dACC plays a central role. The authors propose a theory of cognitive control dysfunction in OCD that attempts to explain the therapeutic efficacy of dACC neuromodulation. This theoretical framework should help to guide further research into targeted treatments of OCD and other disorders of cognitive control.

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Santostefano, Sebastiano, Mª Angeles Quiroga Estévez, and Susan Rooney Santostefano. "Life Stressors and Cognitive Styles in Children." Spanish Journal of Psychology 4, no. 1 (May 2001): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600005631.

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To explore the way that children's cognitive functioning relates to stressors they report experiencing in every day life, this study used the approach of cognitive control theory, which defines cognition as a set of mobile functions that, in serving adaptation, shift in their organization. Children (N= 93), ranging in age from 56 to 115 months, were administered individually the Life Stressor Interview and several cognitive control tasks. Children who reported being exposed to arguments and threatening gestures among adults made more errors when focusing attention while distracted by stimuli concerning nurture. Children who reported being upset by shootings and fights had more difficulty remembering test information depicting two persons in a shoot-out. The results are discussed in terms of the potential value of an approach that integrates cognitive activity with personality.

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Posner, Michael I., and Marcus E. Raichle. "Interaction of method and theory in cognitive neuroscience." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, no. 2 (June 1995): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0003898x.

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AbstractWe divided the many diverse comments on our book into categories. These are: theory, scope and goals of our project, methods, comments on specific anatomical areas, the concept of attention, consciousness and cognitive control, and finally other issues. Although many of the points of the critics are certainly well taken, we believe studies that have emerged since our book provide strong evidence that the general approach taken in our book is now yielding important new data on the relation of cognitive processes to underlying brain activity.

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Lieder, F., and G. Iwama. "Toward a formal theory of proactivity." Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 21, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 490–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-021-00884-y.

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AbstractBeyond merely reacting to their environment and impulses, people have the remarkable capacity to proactively set and pursue their own goals. The extent to which they leverage this capacity varies widely across people and situations. The goal of this article is to propose and evaluate a model of proactivity and reactivity. We proceed in three steps. First, we model proactivity in a widely used cognitive control task known as the AX Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT). Our theory formalizes an important aspect of proactivity as meta-control over proactive and reactive control. Second, we perform a quantitative model comparison to identify the number and nature of meta-control decisions that are involved in the regulation of proactive behavior. Our findings suggest that individual differences in proactivity are governed by two independent meta-control decisions, namely deciding whether to set an intention for what to do in a future situation and deciding whether to recall one’s intentions when the situation occurs. Third, we test the assumptions and qualitative predictions of the winning model against data from numerous experiments varying the incentives, cognitive load, and statistical structure of the task. Our results suggest that proactivity can be understood in terms of computational models of meta-control. Future work will extend our models from proactive control in the AX-CPT to proactive goal creation and goal pursuit in the real world.

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Borland, James H. "Cognitive Controls, Cognitive Styles, and Divergent Production in Gifted Preadolescents." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 11, no. 4 (July 1988): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235328801100407.

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The concept of cognitive style is discussed as a means of shedding light on the nature of giftedness and explaining differences in performance among individuals equally high in measured intellectual ability. Particular attention is given to the cognitive-style theory derived from ego psychology that focuses on what is known as the “cognitive control,” a cognitive structure that mediates the expression of drives in light of conditions that obtain in the external world. A study is described in which six cognitive controls were isolated through factor analysis in a sample of 59 intermediate-grade gifted children. Three cognitive styles, each representing a cluster of cognitive controls, were defined by cluster analysis. The cognitive style labeled “strict percept-strict concept” was associated with greater facility in divergent thinking on two of three dependent variables. The findings are interpreted as lending support to attempts to explain giftedness through the use of qualitative or style constructs.

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Liu, Jun, Chen Wang, Xinhua Wang, and Qingli Li. "Behavior Choice of Game Parties under the Interference of Cognition in the Game between Coal Miners and Supervisors." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5592025.

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In the game between coal miners and supervisors, the behavior choices of the game parties will be affected by cognitive factors. The analysis of the behavior choices of coal miners and supervisors under the influence of cognitive factors is helpful for the design of violation behavior control strategies. Firstly, a description method of subjective cognition based on the mathematical method of quantum theory is designed. Secondly, taking the subjective cognition of coal miners and supervisors as a random variable, a behavior evolution model with random variables is constructed. Thirdly, the impact of subjective cognition on the behavior choices of coal miners and supervisors is analyzed. Finally, the violation behavior control strategy is designed. It is found that when the violation probability decreases to a certain extent, the probability of supervision will change from the increase to decrease. When the probability of supervision decreases to a certain extent, the violation probability will change from the decrease to increase. Fluctuations in cognitive state can affect the change process of violation probability and supervision probability. The behavior control strategy designed according to the behavior evolution model can control the violation behavior in the situation of cognitive state fluctuation.

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Baltieri, Manuel, and Christopher Buckley. "PID Control as a Process of Active Inference with Linear Generative Models." Entropy 21, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21030257.

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In the past few decades, probabilistic interpretations of brain functions have become widespread in cognitive science and neuroscience. In particular, the free energy principle and active inference are increasingly popular theories of cognitive functions that claim to offer a unified understanding of life and cognition within a general mathematical framework derived from information and control theory, and statistical mechanics. However, we argue that if the active inference proposal is to be taken as a general process theory for biological systems, it is necessary to understand how it relates to existing control theoretical approaches routinely used to study and explain biological systems. For example, recently, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control has been shown to be implemented in simple molecular systems and is becoming a popular mechanistic explanation of behaviours such as chemotaxis in bacteria and amoebae, and robust adaptation in biochemical networks. In this work, we will show how PID controllers can fit a more general theory of life and cognition under the principle of (variational) free energy minimisation when using approximate linear generative models of the world. This more general interpretation also provides a new perspective on traditional problems of PID controllers such as parameter tuning as well as the need to balance performances and robustness conditions of a controller. Specifically, we then show how these problems can be understood in terms of the optimisation of the precisions (inverse variances) modulating different prediction errors in the free energy functional.

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Junhui, Zhao, Yang Tao, Gong Yi, Wang Jiao, and Fu Lei. "Power control algorithm of cognitive radio based on non-cooperative game theory." China Communications 10, no. 11 (November 2013): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cc.2013.6674218.

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Barceló, Francisco, and Patrick S. Cooper. "An information theory account of late frontoparietal ERP positivities in cognitive control." Psychophysiology 55, no. 3 (March 15, 2017): e12814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12814.

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Wallace, Rodrick. "Canonical failure modes of real-time control systems: insights from cognitive theory." International Journal of Systems Science 47, no. 6 (May 30, 2014): 1280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207721.2014.923951.

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Tschacher, Wolfgang, and Ulrich M. Junghan. "Next step, synergetics?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 1 (February 2001): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01523912.

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Thelen et al. offer an inspiring behavior-based theory of a long-standing cognitive problem. They demonstrate how joining traditions, old (the Gestaltist field theory) and new (dynamical systems theory) may open up the path towards embodied cognition. We discuss possible next steps. Self-organization theory (synergetics) could be used to address the formation of gaze/reach attractors and their optimality, given environmental control parameters. Finally, some clinical applications of the field model are advocated.

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Gillman, Arielle S., and Rebecca A. Ferrer. "Opportunities for theory-informed decision science in cancer control." Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 2055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab141.

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Abstract Cancer prevention and control involves navigation of complex clinical decisions, often laden with uncertainty and/or intricate interpersonal dynamics, which have implications for both physical health and quality of life. Cancer decision-making research in recent decades has primarily focused on working to improve the quality of decisions by providing patients with detailed information about their choices and through an increased emphasis in medicine on the importance of shared decision making. This emphasis is reflective of a model of decision making that emphasizes knowledge, options, and deliberative synthesis of information as primary to decision making; yet, decades of research in psychology, decision science, and behavioral economics have taught us that our decisions are not influenced only by our objective knowledge of facts, but by our emotions, by the influence of others, and by biased cognitive processes. We present a conceptual framework for a future of research in decision science and cancer that is informed by decision science theories. Our framework incorporates greater recognition of the interpersonal dynamics of shared decision making, including the biases (including cognitive heuristics and race-based bias) that may affect multiple actors in the decision-making process, and emphasizes study of the interaction between deliberative and affective psychological processes as they relate to decision making. This work should be conducted with an eye toward informing efforts to improve decision making across the cancer care continuum, through interventions that are also informed by theory.

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Lee, Won Hee, Amanda Rodrigue, David C. Glahn, Danielle S. Bassett, and Sophia Frangou. "Heritability and Cognitive Relevance of Structural Brain Controllability." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 5 (December 14, 2019): 3044–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz293.

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Abstract Cognition and behavior are thought to emerge from the connections and interactions among brain regions. The precise nature of these relationships remains elusive. Here we use tools provided by network control theory to determine how the structural connectivity profile of brain regions may shape individual variation in cognition. In a cohort of healthy young adults (n = 1066), we computed two fundamental brain regional control patterns, average and modal controllability, which index the degree of influence of a region over others. We first established that regional brain controllability measures were both reproducible and heritable. Regions with controllability profiles theoretically conducive to facilitating multiple cognitive operations were over-represented in higher-order resting-state networks. Finally, variation in regional controllability accounted for about 50% of interindividual variability in multiple cognitive domains. We conclude that controllability is a biologically plausible property of the structural connectome and provides a mechanistic explanation for how brain structural architecture may influence cognitive functions.

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Haber, Adam. "A Multi-Agent Control Architecture for a Rescue Robot." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (September 20, 2021): 2392–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8183.

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Cognitive architectures investigate the components and interactions neccessary for construction of an intelligent system. Despite much progress and theory, implementations of architectures are rare. This research presents a novel cognitive architecture grounded in the design of a control system for an autonomous rescue robot. Experiments are conducted in high-fidelity 3D simulation of a rescue environment based on NISTs RoboCup Rescue.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cognitive control theory'

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