Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cognitive disordes. eng

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cognitive disordes. eng'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cognitive disordes. eng"

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Sahakian, Barbara J., Annette B. Bruhl, Jennifer Cook, et al. "The impact of neuroscience on society: cognitive enhancement in neuropsychiatric disorders and in healthy people." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1677 (2015): 20140214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0214.

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In addition to causing distress and disability to the individual, neuropsychiatric disorders are also extremely expensive to society and governments. These disorders are both common and debilitating and impact on cognition, functionality and wellbeing. Cognitive enhancing drugs, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and methylphenidate, are used to treat cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, respectively. Other cognitive enhancers include specific computerized cognitive training and devices. An example of a novel form of cognitive enhancement us
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de Sousa, Paulo, William Sellwood, Martin Griffiths, and Richard P. Bentall. "Disorganisation, thought disorder and socio-cognitive functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders." British Journal of Psychiatry 214, no. 2 (2018): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.160.

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BackgroundPoor social cognition is prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Some authors argue that these effects are symptom-specific and that socio-cognitive difficulties (e.g. theory of mind) are strongly associated with thought disorder and symptoms of disorganisation.AimsThe current review tests the strength of this association.MethodWe meta-analysed studies published between 1980 and 2016 that tested the association between social cognition and these symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.ResultsOur search (PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Science) identified 123 studies (N = 910
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Holmes, Monique C., Caroline L. Donovan, and Lara J. Farrell. "A Disorder-Specific, Cognitively Focused Group Treatment for Childhood Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Development and Case Illustration of the No Worries! Program." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 29, no. 4 (2015): 275–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.29.4.275.

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent, chronic, and costly mental disorder in children, and there is a comparative lack of research on specific treatments for GAD, relative to other anxiety disorders. Furthermore, treatment programs for child GAD, unlike those for adults, are almost uniformly transdiagnostic in nature and do not specifically target the cognitive variables (e.g., intolerance of uncertainty, negative beliefs about worry, cognitive avoidance, and negative problem orientation) demonstrated to be correlated with the disorder. However, helping children to understa
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Oliver, Lindsay, Iska Moxon-Emre, Aristotle Voineskos, and Stephanie Ameis. "M49. BEHAVIOURAL SOCIAL COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN COMPARISON TO AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (2020): S152—S153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.361.

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Abstract Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) both feature social cognitive deficits, which are highly debilitating. These include lower-level processes (e.g. emotion recognition), thought to be subserved by a frontoparietal mirroring network, and higher-level mentalizing processes (e.g. theory of mind), involving cortical midline and lateral temporal brain regions. Across both disorders, impairments in social cognition persist over time, drive disability, and predict functional outcome. Overlapping symptoms in SSDs and ASD have long been recogn
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Veale, David, and Anna Stout. "Cognitive behaviour therapy meets psychopharmacotherapy." Cognitive Behaviour Therapist 3, no. 4 (2010): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1754470x10000127.

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AbstractThis article provides an overview of the role of psychopharmacotherapy in common emotional disorders for cognitive behaviour therapists. We consider some of the philosophical difference between CBT and medication, when medication might interfere with CBT, when it may enhance outcome and when it might be safely discontinued. We highlight how to differentiate side-effects and symptoms of discontinuation of antidepressants from that of the underlying disorder. The scope of this article is confined to common emotional disorders and does not discuss the interaction of CBT with medication in
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Sachdev, P. S., D. M. Lipnicki, J. D. Crawford, and H. Brodaty. "The Vascular Behavioral and Cognitive Disorders criteria for vascular cognitive disorders: a validation study." European Journal of Neurology 26, no. 9 (2019): 1161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.13960.

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Savinkov, M. A., O. Yu Ustinova, A. E. Nosov, Yu A. Ivashova, and V. G. Kostarev. "Risks related to cognitive disorders development in workers with different work experience employed at an oil extracting facility." Health Risk Analysis, no. 2 (June 2021): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2021.2.08.eng.

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Our research goal was to examine cognitive functions parameters in dynamics among workers employed at an oil extracting facility depending on their work experience under exposure to adverse occupational factors. We estimated cognitive functions in 292 oil and gas extraction operators who were exposed to adverse occupational factors (aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulphide, occupational noise, labor hardness, and adverse microclimate). The reference group consisted of 65 administrative workers employed at the same enterprise. All the examined people were males aged 20–65; they were divided int
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Lense, Miriam D., Eniko Ladányi, Tal-Chen Rabinowitch, Laurel Trainor, and Reyna Gordon. "Rhythm and timing as vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1835 (2021): 20200327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0327.

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Millions of children are impacted by neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), which unfold early in life, have varying genetic etiologies and can involve a variety of specific or generalized impairments in social, cognitive and motor functioning requiring potentially lifelong specialized supports. While specific disorders vary in their domain of primary deficit (e.g. autism spectrum disorder (social), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (attention), developmental coordination disorder (motor) and developmental language disorder (language)), comorbidities between NDDs are common. Intriguingly,
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Aardema, Frederick, and Kieron O’Connor. "Seeing White Bears That Are Not There: Inference Processes in Obsessions." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 17, no. 1 (2003): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jcop.17.1.23.58270.

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Meta-cognition refers to the notion of thoughts about one’s own thoughts and has been defined as knowledge and cognition about cognitive phenomena (Flavell, 1979). In recent years, meta-cognitive models have provided accounts of the maintenance of anxiety disorders (e.g., Wells, 2000). Meta-cognitive models would argue that the thoughts about the appearance and utility of otherwise normal thoughts generate anxiety. In this article we apply a meta-cognitive approach to understanding obsessions but, rather than thoughts about thoughts, we suggest that the ruminations in obsessive-compulsive diso
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Hong, Jeong-Min. "Perioperative brain health: strategies to prevent perioperative neurocognitive disorders." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, no. 9 (2020): 540–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.9.540.

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Cognitive changes in patients after anesthesia and surgery have been recognized for over 100 years. Research on postoperative cognitive changes accelerated in the 1980s and the term postoperative cognitive dysfunction emerged, which was used until recently. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction has been used in research to describe an objectively measurable decline in cognitive function using neuropsychological tests. This dysfunction had significant heterogeneity in the type, number of tests, timing of tests, and the criteria for change. Therefore, a recent article recommended a new nomenclatur
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cognitive disordes. eng"

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Cruz, Mariana Sodário. "Deficiência auditiva referida por idosos do município de São Paulo (Estudo SABE) : prevalência, incidência e fatores associados. -." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106073.

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Orientador: Ana Teresa de Abreu Ramos Cerqueira<br>Banca: Maria Cristina Pereira Lima<br>Banca: Luana Carandina<br>Banca: Jair Lício Ferreira Santos<br>Banca: Maria Aparecida Miranda de Paula Machado<br>Resumo: A deficiência auditiva (DA) é uma das condições crônicas mais prevalentes entre os idosos. Apesar da importância epidemiológica, o Brasil possui poucos estudos populacionais com este enfoque, principalmente os de incidência e/ou que analisem a associação da DA com morbidades específicas, capacidade funcional e uso dos serviços de saúde.estudo transversal e longitudinal, com base no banc
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Eade, Jessica Emily. "Eating behaviour, affect and cognitive function." Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/eating-behaviour-affect-and-cognitive-function(006a8abe-7a9b-44c5-87b0-d97ecccc2273).html.

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The aim of this thesis was to examine the affective and cognitive disturbance associated with weight-loss dieting. We were particularly interested in how mood might interact with dietary restraint to produce cognitive deficit. Initially dieting was investigated in a community sample of overweight dieters. Affect was assessed by self-reported feelings of positive and negative mood (PANAS) and general psychological well-being (Ryff s PWB). Cognitive performance was assessed using a battery of computer administered tasks that measured speed to respond to a target stimulus; immediate memory recall
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Rommel, Anna Sophie. "A cognitive-neurophysiological investigation of ADHD, associated disorders and risk or protective factors." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-cognitiveneurophysiological-investigation-of-adhd-associated-disorders-and-risk-or-protective-factors(37120855-35fa-4e68-a97d-d5ae69564bf6).html.

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This thesis uses a combination of cognitive-neurophysiological and genetically-sensitive longitudinal designs to study the associations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with bipolar disorder (BD) and preterm birth, as well as with the risk or protective factors IQ and physical activity. Previous research on preterm-born individuals and individuals with BD suggests ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments, but direct comparisons are limited. Here, we first examine how cortical activity patterns differ between women with adult ADHD and women with BD during rest and task con
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Moradi, Ali Reza. "Cognitive characteristics of children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorders." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cognitive-characteristics-of-children-and-adolescents-with-posttraumatic-stress-disorders(ff9d90fb-71ed-4636-98b8-b1d7293ddef2).html.

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Cognitive problems are among the important and common sequelae in child patients with PTSD, for example poor memory, poor concentration, intrusive thoughts and flashbacks (e.g., Yule, &Gold 1993; Last; 1993). In recent years, investigators have started to study these functions in adults with PTSD, but they have yet to be investigated in young people with PTSD. Therefore, following extensive investigations of cognitive processing in adults with anxiety disorder including PTSD, it is proposed to apply some of these paradigms to investigate PTSD in children. Chapter One presents a general introdu
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Meiser-Stedman, Richard Alexander. "Cognitive aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cognitive-aspects-of-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-in-children-and-adolescents(ad2aed39-7de5-4173-b996-347697433e06).html.

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Dempsey, Robert. "Autobiographical memory specificity and cognitive style across the bipolar disorder spectrum." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/autobiographical-memory-specificity-and-cognitive-style-across-the-bipolar-disorder-spectrum(2eece7d3-c5cb-4168-aae1-07e11a0a8230).html.

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Bipolar disorder is characterised by intense fluctuations in mood, including the experience of severe episodes of depression, mania and hypomania. The experience of bipolar disorder can also be associated with biases in various cognitive processes, including rumination in response to positive and negative mood states and tendencies to make dysfunctional self-appraisals. Preliminary research has also suggested that bipolar disorder may be associated with deficits in the recall of specifically detailed autobiographical memories. The lack of specificity in the recall of autobiographical memories,
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Brunsdon, Victoria Elizabeth Anne. "Exploring the fractionation of autism spectrum disorder at the cognitive level." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-the-fractionation-of-autism-spectrum-disorder-at-the-cognitive-level(6a5159c1-3472-4ad8-a7a7-63cfded4553c).html.

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The behavioural symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to reflect underlying cognitive deficits/differences. Single cognitive deficit models of ASD have attempted to reduce the varied behavioural symptoms of the disorder to a single underlying cognitive deficit. However, there is a need to move on from these single cognitive deficit accounts of ASD. Therefore, the main focus of the thesis is to explore the potential for a multiple cognitive model of ASD using the predictions of the fractionated triad account. The data that is examined in the thesis originated from the Twins Ear
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Michelini, Giorgia. "Cognitive-neurophysiological markers of ADHD : developmental pathways and comparison with bipolar disorder." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cognitiveneurophysiological-markers-of-adhd(5e572eab-a593-4cff-aadd-6883ca44b9ae).html.

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder associated with wide-ranging impairments in cognitive and brain functions. This thesis uses a multi-disciplinary approach to study cognitive and neurophysiological impairments in ADHD in adolescence and adulthood. The first part of this thesis examines the developmental and aetiological pathways of cognitive and electrophysiological (EEG) measures in a follow-up sample of adolescents and young adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD, their siblings and age-matched controls. The findings suggest
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Beste, Christian, Mark Humphries, and Carsten Saft. "Striatal disorders dissociate mechanisms of enhanced and impaired response selection — Evidence from cognitive neurophysiology and computational modelling." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-147586.

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Paradoxically enhanced cognitive processes in neurological disorders provide vital clues to understanding neural function. However, what determines whether the neurological damage is impairing or enhancing is unclear. Here we use the performance of patients with two disorders of the striatum to dissociate mechanisms underlying cognitive enhancement and impairment resulting from damage to the same system. In a two-choice decision task, Huntington\'s disease patients were faster and less error prone than controls, yet a patient with the rare condition of benign hereditary chorea (BHC) was both s
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Mariano, Anna. "Opioid modulation of AMPA receptors : a new target to treat mood disorders and cognitive dysfunction." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2019. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/b2b94f30-471c-4366-9554-e722933eaf51.

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There is currently no effective treatment for the cognitive impairment and psychiatric complications, including depression, associated with the prodromal phase of the development of Huntington's disease (HD). Tianeptine is a clinically used antidepressant, with reported pro-cognitive properties. The ultimate aim of my project was to evaluate in a mouse model of HD the utility of tianeptine as a possible treatment for these prodromal effects. However, although tianeptine shares structural similarities to the tricyclic antidepressant agents, in contrast it has little effect upon serotonin, norad
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Books on the topic "Cognitive disordes. eng"

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W, Wanberg Kenneth, ed. Criminal conduct and substance abuse treatment for adolescents: The provider's guide : pathways to self-discovery and change. Sage Publications, 2005.

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Grant, Jon E., Brian L. Odlaug, and Marc N. Potenza. Treatments for Gambling Disorder and Impulse Control Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0025.

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Specific behavioral (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT]) and pharmacological (e.g., naltrexone, nalmefene, lithium) treatments significantly reduce the symptoms of pathological gambling (now termed gambling disorder in DSM-5) in the short term compared with waitlist or placebo. The long-term benefits of pharmacological treatment for gambling disorder have not been adequately tested. Although several studies suggest that CBT is effective for trichotillomania, only two pharmacological treatment studies in adults (N-acetylcysteine, olanzapine) for this disorder have shown promise. Studies o
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Alosco, Michael L., and Robert A. Stern, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Adult Cognitive Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190664121.001.0001.

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The prevalence of cognitive impairment caused by neurodegenerative diseases and other neurologic disorders associated with aging is expected to rise dramatically between now and year 2050, when the population of Americans aged 65 or older will nearly double. Cognitive impairment also commonly occurs in other neurologic conditions, as well as in non-neurologic medical disorders (and their treatments), idiopathic psychiatric illnesses, and adult neurodevelopmental disorders. Cognitive impairment can thus infiltrate all aspects of healthcare, making it necessary for clinicians and clinical resear
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Carvalho, André F., Gilberto S. Alves, Cristiano A. Köhler, and Roger S. McIntyre. Cognitive Enhancement in Major Depressive Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190214401.003.0010.

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic and disabling illness often associated with elevated rates of non-recovery and substantial psychosocial burden. Cognitive impairment is a common residual manifestations of MDD. Overactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, along with immune–inflammatory imbalances, a decrease in neurotrophin signaling, and an increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress, leads to neuroprogression and cognitive deterioration in MDD. “Cognitive remission” has been proposed as a novel treatment target for MDD. Cognitive remediation therapy has provided enc
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Buhlmann, Ulrike, and Andrea S. Hartmann. Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Edited by Katharine A. Phillips. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190254131.003.0022.

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According to current cognitive-behavioral models, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by a vicious cycle between maladaptive appearance-related thoughts and information-processing biases, as well as maladaptive behaviors and negative emotions such as feelings of shame, disgust, anxiety, and depression. This chapter provides an overview of findings on cognitive characteristics such as dysfunctional beliefs, information-processing biases for threat (e.g., selective attention, interpretation), and implicit associations (e.g., low self-esteem, strong physical attractiveness stereotype,
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Dillon, Kirsten H., Patricia A. Resick, and Candice M. Monson. Psychotherapy: Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT). Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0031.

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This chapter discusses cognitive processing therapy (CPT), a trauma-focused, cognitive-behavioral treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CPT focuses primarily on identifying and challenging maladaptive beliefs that have developed about and as a result of the trauma, in order to help the client adopt a more balanced set of beliefs. Based on its long history of research support, CPT is one of the leading evidence-based treatments for PTSD. The chapter covers the theoretical background for CPT, describes the therapy, and presents a summary of research findings. Studies of CPT across
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Rasmussen, Jessica, Angelina F. Gómez, and Sabine Wilhelm. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Edited by Katharine A. Phillips. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190254131.003.0026.

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Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) that is tailored to the unique clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is currently the psychosocial treatment of choice for BDD. Researchers have made great strides in understanding the cognitive-behavioral processes that contribute to the development and maintenance of BDD. CBT for BDD is based on this theoretical understanding and has been shown to be highly effective in reducing BDD symptom severity and associated symptoms. The key components of CBT include identifying and rationally disputing maladaptive appearance-related thoughts, and expos
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Chrzanowski, Daniel T., Elisabeth B. Guthrie, Matthew B. Perkins, and Moira A. Rynn. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0015.

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Common disorders of children and adolescents include neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., intellectual disability, autistic spectrum disorder, and learning disorders), internalizing disorders (e.g., mood and anxiety disorders), and externalizing disorders (e.g., oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder). The assessment of a child or adolescent patient always includes multiple informants, the context in which the child’s difficulties occur, and a functional behavioral assessment. Patients with autism spectrum disorder tend to have persistent deficits in social communication and social
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Scerif, Gaia, and Rachel Wu. Developmental Disorders. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.030.

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Tracing the development of attentional deficits and their cascading effects in genetically and functionally defined disorders allows an understanding of intertwined developing systems on three levels. At the cognitive level, attention influences perception, learning, and memory. Attention and other cognitive processes interact to produce cascading effects across developmental time. At a systems neuroscience level, developmental disorders can reveal the systems and mechanisms necessary to attain adults’ efficient attentional processes. At the level of cellular neuroscience and functional genomi
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Tamura, Manjula Kurella, Mark L. Unruh, and Ea Wha Kang. Cognitive function, depression, and psychosocial adaptation. Edited by Jonathan Himmelfarb. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0272.

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Psychiatric complications of end-stage renal disease are common, often debilitating, and potentially preventable. Patients with end-stage renal disease are at higher risk for psychiatric disorders compared to patients with other chronic health conditions, and those who suffer from psychiatric complications are at higher risk for death and dialysis withdrawal. Both dementia and depression also reduce quality of life and impair adherence to prescribed therapies. In addition, patients with end-stage renal disease are confronted with multiple stressors related to their illness and treatment. This
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Book chapters on the topic "Cognitive disordes. eng"

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Bell, M. A. "The ontogeny of the EEG during infancy and childhood: implications for cognitive development." In Neuroimaging in child neuropsychiatric disorders. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95848-9_9.

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Zipoli Caiani, Silvano. "When Mechanical Computations Explain Better." In Language, Cognition, and Mind. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50200-3_21.

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AbstractIn this paper I defend the epistemic value of the representational-computational view of cognition by arguing that it has explanatory merits that cannot be ignored. To this end, I focus on the virtue of a computational explanation of optic ataxia, a disorder characterized by difficulties in executing visually-guided reaching tasks, although ataxic patients do not exhibit any specific disease of the muscular apparatus. I argue that addressing cases of patients who are suffering from optic ataxia by invoking a causal role for internal representations is more effective than merely relying on correlations between bodily and environmental variables. This argument has consequences for the epistemic assessment of radical enactivism, whichRE invokes the Dynamical System Theory as the best tool for explaining cognitive phenomena.
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Ramos-Galarza, Carlos, Hugo Arias-Flores, Omar Cóndor-Herrera, and Janio Jadán-Guerrero. "Literacy Toy for Enhancement Phonological Awareness: A Longitudinal Study." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58805-2_44.

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AbstractIn this report it is presented the results of a longitudinal pre-experimental study, it was realized a technological intervention to stimulate the phonological awareness through a tangible reading toy based on the RFID technology, consisting of a teddy bear and 30 letters in 3D from the Spanish alphabet. This study started with a sample of 200 children, from them, there were selected 17 children aged between 6 and 7 years (Mage = 6.47, SD = .51) with a phonological disorder from an educative institution. The procedure consisted of obtaining pre-test and post-test values with the Evaluation of Phonological Awareness (PECFO). Sampling inclusion criteria considered children presenting problems of phonemes’ recognition and its relationship with graphemes. During 30 weeks it was realized an intervention with the technological toy and at the end of the sessions, it was applied the post-test. Results of phonological awareness showed statically significant differences among the pre (M = 12.88, SD = 3.53) and post-test (M = 17.17, SD = 2.96) this contributes to the empirical evidence of the intervened group improvement in this cognitive function t(16) = −3.67, p = .002. From this research it is projected proposing technological innovations contributing in the treatment of children’s cognitive difficulties.
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Ankolekar, Sandeep, and Michela Simoni. "Post-stroke cognitive impairment." In Stroke in the Older Person. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198747499.003.0025.

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‘Post-stroke cognitive impairment’ explores in great depth the burden of post-stroke cognitive impairment, its pathological substrates and clinical characteristics, the causes of these impairments, post-stroke dementia, and the risk factors implicated. The chapter examines common definitions (vascular cognitive impairment, vascular dementia, post-stroke cognitive impairment), the DSM-5 criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5), ICD-10 criteria (International Classification of Diseases), NINDS-AIREN criteria (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences) for vascular dementia, and vascular mild cognitive impairment. The VASCOG (vascular cognitive disorder) criteria are also described. A pragmatic approach to investigations and various assessment scales, a description of important clinical trials, and the management of these disorders are also included.
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Kommu, John Vijay Sagar, and Sowmyashree Mayur Kaku. "Functional MRI in Pediatric Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Disorders." In Functional MRI, edited by S. Kathleen Bandt and Dennis D. Spencer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190297763.003.0008.

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This chapter addresses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain in children with neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorders. Common challenges of pediatric fMRI studies are related to acquisition and processing. In children with disruptive behavior disorders, deficits in affective response, empathy, and decision-making have been reported. Resting-state fMRI studies in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shown altered activity in default mode and cognitive control networks. Task-based fMRI studies in ADHD have implicated frontoparietal cognitive and attentional networks. The role of stimulants in restoring the altered brain function has been examined using fMRI studies. In children with autism spectrum disorder, fMRI studies using face-processing tasks, theory-of-mind tasks, imitation, and language processing (e.g., sentence comprehension), as well as studies of gaze aversion, interest in social faces, and faces with emotions have implicated cerebellum, amygdala, hippocampus, insula, fusiform gyrus, superior temporal sulcus, planum temporale, inferior frontal gyrus, basal ganglia, thalamus, cingulate cortex, corpus callosum, and brainstem. In addition, fMRI has been a valuable research tool for understanding neurobiological substrates in children with psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychosis, posttraumatic stress disorder, and anxiety disorders).
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Zanarini, Mary C. "History of the Borderline Diagnosis." In In the Fullness of Time. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780195370607.003.0001.

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The borderline diagnosis was first described by Alfred Stern in 1938. However, “borderline personality disorder” (BPD) did not enter the official nomenclature of American psychiatry until 1980. Between these two time points, psychoanalysts and psychiatrists carefully described aspects of borderline psychopathology, particularly cognitive symptoms. Two of the most careful and influential descriptions of the borderline diagnosis in the 1960s and 1970s were those of Otto Kernberg, who described the broad concept of borderline personality organization (BPO), and John Gunderson, who described the affective, cognitive, impulsive, and interpersonal symptoms of BPD. After 1980, BPD was often described as being a subthreshold variant of various diagnostic spectrums (e.g., mood disorders, impulsive disorders, trauma disorders) that were in vogue at that time. However, BPD is now commonly accepted as a well-validated disorder with a characteristic symptom profile that distinguishes it from other disorders, including other personality disorders.
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Jacova, Claudia, and Howard H. Feldman. "Mild cognitive impairment." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0198.

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Within the cognitive functioning continuum from normal ageing to dementia three broad states can be distinguished: normal functioning for age, clear-cut impairment meeting diagnostic criteria for dementia, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which falls below normal but short of dementia in severity (Fig. 8.5.1.1.1). There is active debate over what MCI is, how to define and classify this state, and where to set its borders on the described continuum. Some definitions depict MCI as the tail-end of normal cognitive ageing whereas in other definitions MCI embodies the early clinical manifestation of Alzheimer Disease (AD) and other dementias. In 2003, the key elements of different MCI definitions were integrated into a consensus diagnostic and classification framework, thus establishing some common ground in a field that is still evolving. MCI has also been positioned as a potentially important target for early treatment interventions to delay progression to dementia. Nosologically, MCI is not currently included as a diagnostic entity in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision. The diagnostic categories of Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (DSM-IV-TR) and Mild Cognitive Disorder (ICD-10) are similar to MCI because they require the presence of cognitive impairment but these categories can only be assigned if a specific neurological or general medical condition can be identified to account for the cognitive symptoms. Much of the current condition of MCI does not fit as it has no aetiologic specification. Nevertheless, MCI is increasingly a presenting condition in primary and specialized settings of care. Medical practice guidelines have recognized MCI as a risk state for dementia and recommend careful clinical evaluation and monitoring of individuals with this diagnosis.
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Srivastava, Garima, and Rakesh Kumar Tripathi. "Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Old Age." In Handbook of Research on Geriatric Health, Treatment, and Care. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3480-8.ch017.

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Sleep complaints are prevalent among older adults. Sleep quality and quantity changes with advancing age. There are changes in sleep patterns that are normal with ageing but many changes are the sign of disordered sleep. Sleep can be divided into rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM). Each has unique characteristics that are differentiated by their waveforms on the electroencephalogram (EEG) and by other physiological signals; several physiological age-related changes are thought to produce alterations in circadian rhythms. While there are numerous psychological and social factors contributing to quality and quantity of sleep, specific sleep disorders more prevalent in old age are insomnia, sleep apnea, and rapid eye movement disorder. Non-pharmacological treatment is effective in management of sleep disorders. Cognitive behaviour therapy is most effective to tackle insomnia. Cognitive behavior therapy along with meditation is beneficial for other sleep disorders and a new technique is also emerging: mindfulness.
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Gallagher, Matthew W. "The Unified Protocol for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." In Applications of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190255541.003.0007.

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With the publication of DSM-5, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is no longer considered an anxiety disorder, but there is extensive evidence that PTSD is associated with high levels of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders. Although effective treatments exist for PTSD (e.g., Cognitive Processing Therapy), current treatments were not designed to target the full range of comorbid conditions associated with this disorder, and it is unclear whether these treatments are effective for comorbid conditions for individuals with PTSD. The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP), therefore, has great promise as a potential treatment for PTSD. This chapter reports the results of a case series of the UP for three individuals with a primary diagnosis of PTSD. Results of the UP were promising, with all three reporting a significant drop in symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Implications for evaluating the UP as an alternative treatment for PTSD are also discussed.
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Deoras, Ketan, Jonathan Oliver, and Mita S. Deoras. "The Chicken and/or the Egg?" In Sleep Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190671099.003.0031.

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This chapter covers the bidirectional relationship between depression and insomnia. Patients with insomnia are more likely to develop depression; the prevalence of depression in people with comorbid insomnia is almost 10 times greater than in those without insomnia. Conversely, depression itself has sleep disturbance as a symptom 80% of the time. Treatment of comorbid insomnia and depression should aim at treating both conditions. While cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) should always be considered in the treatment of chronic insomnia, instances may arise when medications are required. Sedative–hypnotics derive from a wide variety of classes of medications and may need to be used in conjunction with antidepressants in the depressed insomniac.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cognitive disordes. eng"

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Paes Pereira da Silv, Edelma, Maria Clara Ribeiro Miranda, Thalia Soares da Silva Dias, Scheilla Maria Ribeiro Rocha Ferreira², and Sananda Lopes Soares. "Contributions of Neuropsychological evaluation to the Psychotherapy process in children with ADHD traces." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212451.

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The intersection between Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy in several cases has been shown to be beneficial, improving the quality and speed of treatments due to the greater understanding and resources that the two areas together make possible. This project proposes to know, evaluate and understand the implications involving the human being with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as well as their parents/guardians, in an attempt to improve the quality of life of the subjects involved in this context from awareness of cognitive and behavioral processes. This study is
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Abiri, Reza, Joseph McBride, Xiaopeng Zhao, and Yang Jiang. "A Real-Time Brainwave Based Neuro-Feedback System for Cognitive Enhancement." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9855.

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Brain Computer Interface (BCI) provides a pathway to connect the brain to external devices. Neuro-rehabilitation provides advanced means to assist people with movement disorders such as post-stroke patients and those with lost limbs. While much progress has been made in neuro-rehabilitation as assistive devices, few studies had examined mental rehabilitation assisted by BCI such as memory training using neuroenhancement. It should be noted that many patients with physical disabilities also suffer cognitive difficulties. On the other hand, cognitive decline can also be the result of normal agin
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Liu, Ziming, Jonathan Bryan, Robert Borkoski, Fengpei Yuan, Yansong Li, and Xiaopeng Zhao. "On a Gamified Brain-Computer Interface for Cognitive Training of Spatial Working Memory." In ASME 2020 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2020-3128.

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Abstract In the United States, there are a large number of people suffering from memory and attention deficit problems. For example, patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dementia have difficulties in performing activities of daily living and have a low quality of life. Currently, there exist no effective treatment for these memory and attention issues in specific cognitive impairments. In this paper, we developed a gamified platform of brain-computer interface (BCI) for cognitive training, which can engage users in the training and provide users qualitative and qua
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Milakhina, Natalya, Sergey Tamozhnikov, Ekaterina Proshina, Alexandra Karpova, Alexander Savostyanov, and Elena Afanaseva. "Delta- and gamma-activity of resting state EEG as one of markers of risk of depressive disorders in migrants of subpolar and polar regions of Siberia." In 2020 Cognitive Sciences, Genomics and Bioinformatics (CSGB). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csgb51356.2020.9214596.

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Escolano, C., M. Navarro-Gil, J. Garcia-Campayo, and J. Minguez. "EEG-based upper-alpha neurofeedback for cognitive enhancement in major depressive disorder: A preliminary, uncontrolled study." In 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6610992.

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Tikhaya, Anastasia, and Natalia Gorbachevskaya. "COGNITIVE COMPONENTS OF THE EMOTIONAL RESPONSE OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS (ASD) AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH EEG INDICATORS." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1281.sudak.ns2020-16/452-453.

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Carrasco Falcón, Shaila, and Pablo Reyes Hurtado. "Juego patológico y depresión." In 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020p104.

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INTRODUCCIÓN En el DSM 5 el juego patológico se encuentra dentro de los trastornos adictivos. Es conocido que la comorbilidad en dicho trastorno es frecuente. Presentamos un caso clínico con diagnóstico de Juego Patológico y Episodio Depresivo Moderado. OBJETIVOS A partir del desarrollo del caso se realiza una breve revisión de la literatura actual sobre el juego patológico y su comorbilidad con la depresión METODOLOGÍA Se realizó una búsqueda en PUBMED utilizando los términos “gambling” y “depression” o “depressive disorder”. CASO CLÍNICO Varón de 36 años, sin antecedentes personales de inter
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Chen, Yue, Megan E. Poorman, David B. Comber, et al. "Treating Epilepsy via Thermal Ablation: Initial Experiments With an MRI-Guided Concentric Tube Robot." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3408.

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Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder affecting 65 million people globally [1]. Anti-epileptic medications fail to provide effective seizure control for 30% of patients, placing them at a 7–17% risk of Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy and recurrent seizures. Surgical resection of the seizure focus is a potentially curative treatment for patients with seizures that electrophysiologically correlate to a focal lesion. For these patients, focal surgical resection can result in 60–70% seizure-freedom rates [2]. However, open resection carries the risk of cognitive impairment or focal ne
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Lowndes, Bethany, Amro Abdelrahman, Denny Yu, Nirusha Lachman, and Susan Hallbeck. "Tactile Feedback Wearable During a Surgical Simulation Task: Pilot Study Indicates No Distraction, Frustration or Performance Decrement for Users." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3462.

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With advancements in surgical techniques, patients have experienced improvements in health and recovery outcomes. However, about 87% of laparoscopic surgeons [1] and an increasing number of surveyed allied health professionals [2, 3] report musculoskeletal symptoms. Medical practitioners and human factors engineers have highlighted the “hostile” and “dangerous” operating room (OR) environment [1, 4, 5]. With increasing technology and surgical case complexity, physical demands for surgical team members will continue to increase due to circumstances such as technology restricting posture, taking
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