Academic literature on the topic 'Cohesion shifts'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Astari, Nyoman Yuli. "THE SHIFT OF LEXICAL COHESION IN TRANSLATION OF THE NOVEL THE ADVENTURES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES." Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture 7, no. 1 (June 2, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ljlc.2019.v07.i01.p07.
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This paper aims to describe the translation equivalent of the lexical cohesion found in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes; and to identify the effects of shift of cohesion in translation of “The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes “ and its translation. In this paper qualitative descriptive method is used to describe or analyze the data of shift of cohesion in translation. The finding shows that the lexical cohesion in the text is built by a number of repetition, synonymy, near-synonymy, superordinate, general word and collocation. Shifts of cohesion found in the novel are shifts in the level of explicitness and shifts in the textual meaning(s). Shifts in the level of explicitness; i.e. the general level of the target texts’ textual explicitness is higher or lower than that of the source text and Shifts in the textual meaning(s); i.e. the explicit and implicit meaning potential of the source text changes through translations.
Key words: lexical cohesion, translation strategy, and shift of cohesion.
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Muller, D. A. "Core Level Shifts and Grain Boundary Cohesion." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 766–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600023953.
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The role of core level shifts at metallic interfaces has often been ignored in electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) even though very small changes in bond length can lead to large core level shifts. However, the popular interpretation of core level shifts as measures of charge transfer is highly problematic. For instance, in binary alloys systems, the core level shifts can be the same sign for both atomic constituents[l]. The simple interpretation would require that both atomic species had lost or gained charge. Further, the signs of the core level shifts can be opposite to those expected from electronegativity arguments[2]. A core level shift (CLS) is still possible, even when no charge transfer occurs. As illustrated in Fig. 1, if the valence band width is increased, the position of the center of the valence band with respect to the Fermi energy will change (as the number of electrons remains unchanged).
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Al-Harahsheh, Ahmad Mohammad. "Cohesion and coherence shift in Jabra’s translation of Hamlet." Onomázein Revista de lingüística filología y traducción, no. 56 (2022): 122–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.56.07.
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This research aims at studying the cohesion and coherence shifts in Jabra’s translation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet in Arabic. A translator is a mediator between the source text (ST) and the target readers who expect an adequate and a coherent translation of the ST. The shift of cohesion and coherence can disrupt the continuity of the target text (TT). The sample of the research consisted of 172 lines taken from different acts and scenes involving potential problems in cohesion and coherence from Shakespeare’s Hamlet, translated by Jabra Ibrahim Jabra. Blum-Kulka’s approach of cohesion and coherence shifts in translation was employed as a theoretical framework. The data analysis was based on meaning shift and explicitness shift in discourse and their effects on the continuity and understanding of the TT. The study concluded that the shift of cohesion and coherence in translation does not only affect the continuity of thoughts and events but disrupts the understanding of the target readers as well.
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Shlesinger, Miriam. "Shifts in Cohesion in Simultaneous Interpreting." Translator 1, no. 2 (November 1995): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13556509.1995.10798957.
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Al-Kharabsheh, Aladdin, and Nadeen Hamadeh. "Shifts of Cohesion and Coherence in the Translation of Political Speeches." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.3p.100.
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Discourse Markers (DMs) are central to maintaining cohesive and coherent translations. Drawing on Halliday and Hassan’s (1976) model to investigate the translation of DMs in political speeches, the study has verified the premise that tampering with the SLT's cohesion grid can adversely affect its relevant undergirding coherence grid. The study has revealed that any incurred cohesion shift in the act of translating would necessarily inscribe a parallel coherence shift, which fuse together to procure a noticeable translation loss. Analysis has isolated three major problems pertinent to translating English DMs into Arabic: (a) mistranslating explicit SL DMs, (b) no translation is given for implicit SL DMs, and (c) no translation is given for explicit SL DMs.
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Károly, Krisztina. "Referential cohesion and news content." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 26, no. 3 (September 22, 2014): 406–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.26.3.04kar.
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This study explores the (re)creation of referential cohesion in Hungarian-English translation and examines the extent to which shifts of reference are motivated by the differences between the languages, the characteristics of the translation type (news translation) and the genre (news story). As referential cohesion is hypothesized to be affected by certain universals of translation, the explicitation and the repetition avoidance hypotheses are also tested. Analyses show considerable shifts of reference in translations, but these are not statistically significant. The corpus also fails to provide evidence for the universals of translation investigated; however, the in-depth analysis of optional shifts suggests that they are conditioned by the discursive features of the genre and contribute to a more explicit presentation of news content.
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Izwaini, Sattar, and Hafsa Al-Omar. "The Translation of Substitution and Ellipsis in Arabic Subtitling." Journal of Audiovisual Translation 2, no. 1 (November 30, 2019): 126–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47476/jat.v2i1.14.
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This paper investigates the trends in translating cohesive devices while subtitling English-speaking films into Arabic through examining a corpus of 20 films. It looks at how translators deal in particular with substitution and ellipsis and how their approaches serve the cohesiveness of the subtitles. The paper also looks at the translation shifts resulting from those approaches. The study is based on Halliday and Hasan's model of cohesion (1976). The analysis has found a considerable number of shifts occurring while dealing with the cohesion of the target texts. Repetition stands to be the most dominant cohesive tie that is used as a counterpart of substitution and ellipsis in the English originals, making explicitation the main strategy in translating such ties in Arabic subtitles. Substitution comes second while ellipsis and reference are found to be marginal. In their tendency to avoid ellipsis, translators opt for repetition or substitution as cohesive devices in Arabic subtitles.
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Sipayung, Kammer Tuahman. "Translation Shifts on Reference by Machine Translation in Descriptive Text." Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 6, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.362.
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Translation shifts are one of strategy to get a high-quality translation. It’s also used to solve the absent meaning on the target text. The objectives of this research are to describe the translation shifts (based on the theory of Blum-Kulka about kinds of shift and Halliday and Matthiesen on cohesion theory), which are done by machine translation in descriptive texts. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative research design to achieve the aims of this research. The source of data in this research is descriptive text. The data of this research are pair of words in source and target text. The form of words (pair of words in source and target) are in reference form based on the theory of Halliday about lexical devices. The researcher used interactive data analysis (data condensation, data display, and verifying/conclusion) to get the research findings. This research shows that Yandex translation made translation shifts more (35 times) often than the others. From the whole types of translation shifts (cohesion shifts: implicitation, explicitation, and meaning change), implicitation shift placed a high frequency among machines translation, however explicitation shift placed in the low frequency, and the medium frequency is placed by meaning change. It is to indicate that machine translation still lacks to produce a high level in the target than a source.
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Al Khotaba, Eissa. "Cohesive connectivity in argumentative writing by EFL students." Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 12, no. 4 (November 29, 2022): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v12i4.6993.
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In a study carried out on EFL students’ translation skills, it was found that they commonly encounter problems related to concepts’ structural organization in the translated text. This research aimed to examine cohesion and coherence in argumentative writing by EFL students at the University of Tabuk for the academic year 2022/2023. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Halliday and Hasan's (1976) theory of coherence and cohesion shifts in translation. This qualitative study included 15 participants in their third-year EFL students from the Department of Languages and Translation at the University of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia. Participants were selected purposively. Argumentative written texts were the instrument used to collect data in this study. Results showed that students encountered cohesion and coherence problems in achieving written texts’ unity, particularly in assigning their concepts and implementing appropriate cohesive signals, punctuation, and spelling issues. Keywords: Argumentative writing; cohesion; coherence; EFL; writing
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Reda, Maciej. "Shifts of Cohesion and Coherence in Several Polish Translations of G.K. Chesterton." Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies, no. 26/2 (September 11, 2017): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.26.2.09.
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The paper is concerned with shifts of cohesion and coherence in several Polish translations of G. K. Chesterton from the point of view of the procedural approach, in which the choice of particular linguistic/textual devices is indicative of the text producer’s intended meaning. As regards cohesion, the paper touches upon lexical cohesion and conjunction. It discusses the effects of replacing repetition with variation, and of disambiguating and explicating conjunctions. As for coherence, an analysis is carried out which shows how the translator’s failure to render a polysemous word adequately detracted from the TT’s coherence. Also, an example is given of coherence being affected by polysemy in the TT. The aim of the paper is to find out what kind of issues and regularities connected with cohesion and coherence emerge in the translation process and how these affect target texts.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Lascar, Elisabeth Ramirez, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, Faculty of Education, and Division of Languages and Linguistics. "Shifts of cohesion as manifested in translation." THESIS_FE_DLL_Lascar_E.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/377.
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One of the aims of this study is to identify shifts of cohesion in translation from Spanish into English, with a view to validating Blum-Kulka's proposal that explication is a universal strategy in translation. The study uses the translation work of ten advanced translation students using narrative texts of approximately 250 words in length. Some of these students are native speakers of Spanish and others native speakers of English. Another aim of the study is to examine how cohesive devices are deployed across an ability range of students and to establish whether there are systematic differences in their deployment. The study will also attempt to establish whether the levels of language competence of informants account for specific shifts of cohesion in translation and whether certain shifts of cohesion are motivated by the style of the source and target texts.Master of Arts (Hons)
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Lascar, Elisabeth Ramirez. "Shifts of cohesion as manifested in translation." Thesis, [Milperra, N.S.W. : The author], 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/377.
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One of the aims of this study is to identify shifts of cohesion in translation from Spanish into English, with a view to validating Blum-Kulka's proposal that explication is a universal strategy in translation. The study uses the translation work of ten advanced translation students using narrative texts of approximately 250 words in length. Some of these students are native speakers of Spanish and others native speakers of English. Another aim of the study is to examine how cohesive devices are deployed across an ability range of students and to establish whether there are systematic differences in their deployment. The study will also attempt to establish whether the levels of language competence of informants account for specific shifts of cohesion in translation and whether certain shifts of cohesion are motivated by the style of the source and target texts.
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Lascar, Elisabeth Ramirez. "Shifts of cohesion as manifested in translation /." [Milperra, N.S.W. : The author], 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030707.132350/index.html.
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Al-Amri, Khalid Hadi. "Arabic/English/Arabic translation : shifts of cohesive markers in the translation of argumentative texts : a contrastive Arabic-English text-linguistic study." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1753/.
Full textBooks on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Castro, Dolores, and Fernando Ruchesi. Leadership, Social Cohesion, and Identity in Late Antique Spain and Gaul (500–700). Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463725958.
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The replacement of the Roman Empire in the West with emerging kingdoms like Visigothic Spain and Merovingian Gaul resulted in new societies, but without major population displacement. Societies changed because identities shifted and new points of cohesion formed under different leaders and leadership structures. This volume examines two kingdoms in the post-Roman west to understand how this process took shape. Though exhibiting striking continuities with the Roman past, Gaul and Spain emerged as distinctive, but not isolated, political entities that forged different strategies and drew upon different resources to strengthen their unity, shape social ties, and consolidate their political status.
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Newman, Ines, and Peter Ratcliffe, eds. Promoting Social Cohesion. Bristol University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46692/9781847426963.
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Castles, Stephen. Immigration and Asylum: Challenges to European Identities and Citizenship. Edited by Dan Stone. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560981.013.0010.
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Many Europeans today perceive immigration as a major problem for society. Some claim that asylum seekers and low-skilled migrants are an economic burden and that ethnic diversity undermines the solidarity necessary for strong welfare states. Above all, a widespread discourse portrays Europe's new found cultural and religious complexity as a challenge to historical models of national identity and citizenship. Such concerns are far from new, but they have grown sharply. The trigger for the perception of a ‘migration crisis’ was the end of the Cold War. This article examines the history of migration, ethnicity, and racism, which has always been closely interwoven with nation-state formation, colonialism, and modernity. The ‘migration crisis’ of the early 1990s reveals itself as just one of several crucial turning points in Europe's migration history. Before discussing such epochal shifts, the article summarises pre-1945 experiences, with emphasis on developments since World War II, and also examines multiculturalism and social cohesion in Europe.
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Ussishkin, Daniel. The Sources of Collective Action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190469078.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 demonstrates how during the long nineteenth century the subject of moral forces in battle assumed a central position within tactical and theoretical discourses on war. It suggests that during the final decades of the century these moral forces were largely subsumed under the new concept of morale. On a theoretical level, the chapter grapples with the question of historicity, change, and continuity in the discussion of moral forces, and then explores the ways in which this new concept now linked cohesion and discipline on the field to the fate of a modern, imperial, civil society. The formulation of this new territory did not yet signify a shift in the articulation of conduct, but provided for a new military social imaginary.
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Merchant, Tanya. Beyond the Canon. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039539.003.0002.
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This chapter examines traditional music as a means to construct a cohesive pre-Soviet past in Uzbekistan. Traditional music encompasses three maqom traditions with roots in cities that currently exist within the borders of Uzbekistan: Xorazm maqom, Shashmaqom, and Tashkent-Ferghana maqom. The chapter first considers the history of the construction of the canon of traditional music in Uzbek institutions before discussing traditional music and maqom's links to nationalism in the city of Tashkent. It then looks at women's roles performing the great works in the maqom tradition, along with two masters of this tradition, Yunus Rajabi and Munojat Yulchieva. It also explores the role of maqom in the shift in cultural capital in Uzbekistan after independence. The chapter concludes with an assessment of dutar ensembles as an area of contested gender identity that is very much context dependent.
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Zavella, Patricia. The Movement for Reproductive Justice. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479829200.001.0001.
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Working on behalf of women of color, the movement for reproductive justice incorporates intersectionality and human rights to advocate for women’s right to bear children free from coercion or abuse, terminate their pregnancies without obstacles or judgment, and raise their children in healthy environments as well as the right to bodily autonomy and gender self-identification. The movement for reproductive justice takes health advocacy further by pushing for women’s human right to access health care with dignity and to express their full selves, including their spiritual beliefs, as well as policies that address social inequalities and lead to greater wellness in communities of color. The evidence is drawn from ethnographic research with thirteen organizations located throughout the United States. The overall argument is that the organizations discussed here provide a compelling model for negotiating across differences within constituencies. This movement has built a repertoire of “ready-to-work skills” or methodology that includes cross-sector coalition building, storytelling in safer spaces, and strengths-based messaging. In the ongoing political clashes in which the war on women’s reproductive rights and targeting of immigrants seem particularly egregious and there are widespread questions about whether “the resistance” can maintain its cohesion, the movement for reproductive justice offers a model for multiscalar politics in opposition to conservative agendas and the disparagement of specific social categories. Using grassroots organizing, culture shift work, and policy advocacy, this movement also offers visions of the strength, resiliency, and dignity of people of color.
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Conversi, Daniele. Cultural Homogenization, Ethnic Cleansing, and Genocide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.139.
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Cultural homogenization is understood as a state-led policy aimed at cultural standardization and the overlap between state and culture. Homogeneity, however, is an ideological construct, presupposing the existence of a unified, organic community. It does not describe an actual phenomenon. Genocide and ethnic cleansing, meanwhile, can be described as a form of “social engineering” and radical homogenization. Together, these concepts can be seen as part of a continuum when considered as part of the process of state-building, where the goal has often been to forge cohesive, unified communities of citizens under governmental control. Homogenizing attempts can be traced as far back as ancient and medieval times, depending on how historians choose to approach the subject. Ideally, however, the history of systematic cultural homogenization begins at the French Revolution. With the French Revolution, the physical elimination of ideological-cultural opponents was pursued, together with a broader drive to “nationalize” the masses. This mobilizing-homogenizing thrust was widely shared by the usually fractious French revolutionary elites. Homogenization later peaked during the twentieth century, when state nationalism and its attendant politics emerged, resulting in a more coordinated, systematic approach toward cultural standardization. Nowadays, there are numerous methods to achieving homogenization, from interstate wars to forced migration and even to the more subtle shifts in the socio-political climate brought about by neoliberal globalization.
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Xiao, Ying. China in the Mix. University Press of Mississippi, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496812605.001.0001.
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Scarce attention has been paid to the dimension of sound and its essential role in constructing image, culture, and identity in Chinese film and media. China in the Mix fills a critical void with an original, pioneering study of the connections and intersections of film, media, music, and popular culture in contemporary China under postsocialist reform, capitalist globalization, and hybridization. It explores fascinating topics, including appropriations of popular folklore in the Chinese new wave of the 1980s; Chinese rock ’n’ roll and youth cinema in fin de siècle China; the political-economic impact of free market imperatives and Hollywood pictures on Chinese film industry and filmmaking in the late twentieth century; the reception and adaptation of hip hop; and the emerging role of Internet popular culture and social media in the early twenty-first century. This book examines the articulations and representations of mass culture and everyday life, concentrating on their aural/oral manifestations in contemporary Chinese cinema and in a wide spectrum of media and cultural productions. The research offers the first comprehensive investigation of Chinese film, expressions, and culture from a unique, cohesive acoustic angle and through the prism of global media-cultural exchange. It shows how the complex, evolving uses of sound (popular music, voice-over, silence, noise, and audio mixing) in film and media reflect and engage the important cultural and socio-historical shifts in contemporary China and in the increasingly networked world.
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Bažant, Zdenek P., Jia-Liang Le, and Marco Salviato. Quasibrittle Fracture Mechanics and Size Effect. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846242.001.0001.
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Many modern engineering structures are composed of brittle heterogenous (a.k.a. quasibrittle) materials. These materials include concrete (an archetype), composites, tough ceramics, rocks, cold asphalt mixtures, and many brittle materials at the microscale. Understanding the failure behavior of these materials is of paramount importance for improving the resilience and sustainability of various engineering structures including civil infrastructure, aircraft, ships, military armors, and microelectronic devices. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of quasibrittle fracture mechanics. It first presents a concise but rigorous and complete treatment of the linear elastic fracture mechanics, which is the foundation of all fracture mechanics. The topics covered include energy balance analysis of fracture, analysis of near-tip field and stress intensity factors, Irwin's relationship, J-integral, calculation of compliance function and deflection, and analysis of interfacial crack. Built upon the content of linear elastic fracture mechanics, the book presents various fundamental concepts of nonlinear fracture mechanics, which include estimation of inelastic zone size, cohesive crack model, equivalent linear elastic fracture mechanics model, R-curve, and crack band model. The book also discusses some more advanced concepts such as the effects of the triaxial stress state in the fracture process zone, nonlocal continuum models, and discrete computational model. The significant part of the book is devoted to the discussion of the energetic and statistical size effects, which is a salient feature of quasibrittle fracture. The book also presents probabilistic fracture mechanics, and its consequent reliability-based structural analysis and design of quasibrittle structures. Finally, the book provides an extensive review of various practical applications of quasibrittle fracture mechanics.
Book chapters on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Asseily, Alexandra. "The Power of Language — How Small Shifts in Language Create Big Shifts in Relationships and Behaviour." In Rethinking Education for Social Cohesion, 220–31. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137283900_15.
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de Waal, Martijn, and Martijn Arets. "From a Sharing Economy to a Platform Economy: Public Values in Shared Mobility and Gig Work in the Netherlands." In The Sharing Economy in Europe, 241–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86897-0_11.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses the sharing economy in the Netherlands, focussing on shared mobility and gig work platforms. The Netherlands has been known as one of the pioneers in the sharing economy. Local initiatives emerged at the beginning of the 2010s. International players such as Uber, UberPop, and Airbnb followed soon after. Initially, the sharing economy was greeted with a sense of optimism, as it was thought to contribute to social cohesion and sustainability. Over the last few years, the debate has shifted to the question of how public values can be safeguarded or stimulated. In this regard, shared mobility is hoped to contribute to more sustainable transport. In the gig economy, scholars and labour representatives fear a further flexibilisation of labour; others see opportunities for economic growth.
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Bache, Ian, Simon Bulmer, Stephen George, and Owen Parker. "22. Cohesion Policy." In Politics in the European Union, 405–31. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689668.003.0022.
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This chapter examines the European Union’s cohesion policy, which had its origins in the European Community’s regional policy. Despite evidence of wide disparities between Europe’s regions, the Treaty of Rome made no specific commitment to the creation of a Community regional policy. It was only in 1975 that a European regional fund was created, and a coherent supranational policy emerged only in 1988. The chapter traces key developments in cohesion policy, focusing on reforms made between 1988 and 2013. Enlargement and the single market programme provided the context for a major reform of the structural funds in 1988. In the 2013 reform, the Commission’s subsequent proposals linked cohesion policy to the goals of the Europe 2020 growth strategy. The chapter also considers shifts in the intergovernmental–supranational nature of policy control in the sector that first gave rise to the notion of multi-level governance.
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Musiałkowska, Ida, and Piotr Idczak. "How Covid-19 impacted the European integration processes? The case of EU Cohesion Policy and budget." In Towards the „new normal” after COVID-19 – a post-transition economy perspective, 30–43. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-061-6/i2.
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Purpose: The current pandemic crisis caused by Covid-19 significantly impacted the processes of European integration. The European Union decided to act within and beyond existing competences and instruments to support the efforts of its Member States, along with regional and local authorities, in the fight against Covid-19. Our study sheds light on the instruments and solutions proposed within the framework of the cohesion and budget policy to tackle the problems related to Covid-19 in Europe. The analysis focuses on two strands: 1) EU assistance offered through cohesion policy (CP) instruments toward above areas; 2) the future evolution of EU budget, and therefore integration shifts, provoked by the Covid-19 crisis. Design/methodology/approach: The study analyzes statistical data with regard to the use of instruments of the Cohesion Policy under the Covid-19 pandemic, but also the amendments introduced to legal acts and decision-making processes that refer to the multiannual financial framework (MFF) for 2021–2027. Findings: We notice a strong shift of priorities regarding environment transformation, digitalization, and health protection, reflected in the MFF. The coordinative role of European institutions and the redirection of different financial instruments to health care follows the neofunctionalist paradigm and represents a spillover effect resulting from integration. The crisis analyzed from the institutional perspective is seen as a chance to reform the decision-making process, while on the other hand, as a threat to the inclusive integration of all Member States. Originality and value: The paper is an original contribution on the overall use of both financial and legislative instruments in the times of unprecedented health and economic crisis caused by Covid-19 in the European Union. The text can be a valuable insight for both researchers and practitioners in the field of broadly understood European studies.
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"Cohesion Shift Analysis." In The Structure of Hebrews, 59–75. BRILL, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004267060_005.
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Sanmark, Alexandra. "Assembly Sites in Scandinavia: Activities and Rituals of the Community." In Viking Law and Order. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402293.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 shifts the focus to the rituals and activities of the wider community in Scandinavia. At thing sites a wide range of community activities and rituals, which most likely and created collective memories and strengthened social cohesion, were enacted. Many of these activities may have been designed by the elite, but equally the idea of assemblies as communal spaces may have been collectively driven. The archaeological signature of meeting-places and assembly-sites suggests associations with feasting and eating on a large-scale, and architectural layouts that emphasised the collective over the individual and facilitated group interaction and cohesion. The construction, enlargement and maintenance of monuments and other features required the participation of large numbers of people. By joining in this work the population gained shared ownership of the sites. This was further enhanced by communal activities during the meetings, which also involved games and sports, as well as trade. Assemblies therefore formed arenas of interplay between the top-elite and the wider population; kings were elected and ruled through the assembly, while at the same time continuously dependent on the endorsement of the people.
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Webb, Paul, and Tim Bale. "How parties compete (3)." In The Modern British Party System, 175–204. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199217236.003.0006.
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Parties in the UK know that party competition is about far more than strategic shifts in ideology calculated to maximize voter appeal. It is also about the day-to-day business of projecting and protecting their reputations in the country’s print, broadcast, and social media, all of which are increasingly interrelated, even inseparable. This chapter explores those images, looking at their potential impact on voters and at how party leaders, the media, and parties’ own marketing efforts help to create and maintain them. It concludes with further multivariate models which broadly confirm the significance for voting behaviour and party competition of the range of factors identified in the first six chapters of this book: ideology, social location, leaders, and the competence and cohesion of political parties all play a part.
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Amemado, Dodzi J. A. "Pedagogical Requirements in a University-Context Characterized by Online and Blended Courses." In Educational Communities of Inquiry, 401–27. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2110-7.ch020.
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This research was undertaken in fifteen Canadian universities, using interviews of higher education teaching center managers and IT specialists, all of them having university-teaching backgrounds. The study concerned the ramifications to teaching requirements as university education shifts into the digital era. The research was predicated upon the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000). In the light of this theoretical framework, the results demonstrated the importance of the elements of the framework: teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence. Interestingly, in the responses collected, the frequency of some indicators over others, such as information exchange, discussion, and collaboration, led to the conclusion that some categories, such as group cohesion, should be given a greater consideration in the CoI framework and, therefore, should be given more weight toward the pedagogical requirements for online/blended teaching and learning.
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West, Shaun E., Thomas J. Pluckhahn, and Martin Menz. "Size Matters." In The Archaeology of Villages in Eastern North America, 54–72. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400462.003.0004.
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Kolomoki was one of the largest villages of the Middle and Late Woodland periods in the American Southeast. Located in southwestern Georgia, the site features a circular village plan nearly a kilometer in diameter which is centered on a large open plaza. This chapter introduces the term “hypertrophic village” to describe Kolomoki and, by extension, villages of similarly exaggerated size. New insights from recent excavations covering Kolomoki's transition from Swift Creek to Weeden Island pottery suggest that Kolomoki grew from a relatively compact to hypertrophic village beginning around the sixth century A.D. and culminating a century or two later. The wide spacing between domestic units both enabled and constrained social cohesion, and may have afforded the community at Kolomoki unrivalled symbolic power. The construction of Kolomoki's hypertrophic village may have been a strategy related to settlement shifts that recent work suggests took place throughout the region in the seventh century A.D.
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Sullivan, Lynne P. "The Path to the Council House." In The Archaeology of Villages in Eastern North America, 106–23. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400462.003.0007.
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This chapter discusses the transition from Early to Late Mississippian in southeast Tennessee, a time period that encompassed many cultural changes, including shifts from dispersed to nucleated communities. More people moved into mound centers, the use of communal burial mounds ceased in favor of household and public space interments, palisades were added to some settlements, and new types of pottery, architecture, and symbolism came into use. Concomitant with these changes were new forms of community leadership overlaid upon an older base of kinship groupings. Gender duality, with men acting in community leadership roles in councils and women serving as kin group leaders, likely developed as a strategy for social and political cohesion related to a need to integrate refugees from drought-stricken regions to the west. This gendered division of leadership for village governance would have helped to manage and ease inevitable tensions and conflict during coalescence.
Conference papers on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Hadzantonis, Michael. "The Malaysian Wayang Kulit, the Malay Language, and their Anthropological shifts." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.4-3.
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This paper seeks to discuss and expose the correlations between a shifting Wayang Kulit puppet performance in Malaysia and the shifting Malay language over the past half century, that is, from the late 1960s until the present time. The Wayang exhibited a patent shift in its poetics, in its use and type of symbolisms, in its social, cultural and spiritual purpose, and in its representation of community. The paper determines ways in which the Malay language experienced change by observing government mandate to 'rehabilitate' the Malay people, and to employ discourses of rehabilitation so to alter the cultural industry in Malaysia, yet to the detriment of language, social cohesion, and cultural performance in Malaysia. For this the data consists of a multi year ethnography of the Wayang both inside and outside of Kuala Lumpur, cases studies of Wayang Kulit dalangs (puppeteers), observing and conducting Wayang Kulit performances, and documenting language diachronic change. Ultimately, the paper finds that owing to language planning and policy in Malaysia, both cultural performance and language, that is, the written, the standardized, and vernacular have seen significant shift over the past half century, and that these shifts have correlated with altered ideologies in Malaysia that align with intentions to commercialize the country and to increase the mercantile efficiency of the Malay and the Malaysian people.
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Subramaniam, Shamala. "Modeling and Simulation: The Paradigm Shift for Cohesive Resource Harnessing." In 2011 Third International Conference on Technology for Education (T4E). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t4e.2011.51.
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Sijakovic, Milan, and Ana Peric. "Recycling industrial heritage: promoting local diversity and cohesion in globalising cities." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/tfge1393.
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The shift towards knowledge economy accompanied with the flow of people, capital and goods has manifold effects on urban development. On the one hand, cities are becoming more alike: in chasing for profit, global capitalism imposes spatial patterns that lack distinctiveness. On the other hand, network society makes people living in a global village, thus bringing multiculturalism to the fore. Consequently, continuous change and replacement of urban layers lead to the loss of readability, local diversity, and, finally, identity of a place. To tackle the issue of preserving local identity in a globalising world, we place an emphasis on industrial heritage and the effect of its recycling on a local urban area. As industrial areas keep memory and deep-seated associations for local residents and communities, they play an important role in defining the identity of both the place and its inhabitants. To recycle industrial heritage means to alter obsolete industrial area using its available, useable material, thus making the site suitable for the new function. Recycling differs from both preservation – that persists in maintaining status quo, and the total demolition of an area in order to build it from scratch. Recycling of an industrial site with historic value, thus, make an important contribution to regeneration of urban areas and has a range of social benefits: recycled districts reinforce local cultures, instil a greater sense of pride and confidence among its inhabitants, and retain cohesion in globalising cities. Finally, recycled industrial areas usually become the hubs of creative industry, thus fostering the local economy based on knowledge in contrast to pure tourist areas as manifestations of global consumption.
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Shi, Jin, Yian Wang, Wen Liu, Weike Jing, Yufeng Zhou, Shanshan Shao, Kai Zhang, Qiuping Chen, and Wurong Li. "Failure Analysis of Shift Gas Tubes." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28516.
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In a scheduled maintenance inspection of a fertilizer power station, a series of circumferential cracks were found in shift gas heat transfer tubes. In order to get an understanding of the failure mechanism, a failure analysis was performed on the leak-off shift gas tubes in this paper. The tubes were observed and analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The fractography and metallurgical examination results showed that the crack initiated along grain boundaries and propagated through grain boundaries and the crack tips were oxide filled and not branched. Typical fatigue striations were observed on the fracture surfaces. The surface intergranular corrosion cracks caused by sensitization resulted in stress concentration. Fatigue cracks propagated along slip plane of grains under varying load. Moreover, the oxides on the surface of slip planes reduced the cohesive strength of steel substrate on both sides of slip planes. The synergistic effect of corrosion and fatigue, herein referred to as corrosion-fatigue, was the dominant mechanism of the failure. The vibration analysis of the tubes was carried out, and the results indicated that the vibration was induced by Karman vortex shedding and wobbling turbulent flow. In addition, prevention methods have been proposed to avoid corrosion-fatigue of the tubes.
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Tsotniashvili, Zaza. "COVID-19 – Impact of Disinformation on Georgian Society." In COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctc.2021/ctc21.006.
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Disinformation and malign influence in Georgia, both internal and external, draws heavily on psychological drivers of human behavior to exploit and manipulate. Essentially, similar to the strategy the advertising world has adopted, disinformation’s strategy is to change perceptions and, ultimately, manipulate social behavior. Its goal is to shift attitudes, perceptions, values, and norms. Georgia’s current adversaries deploy their information operations to undermine the resilience of Georgia’s democratic institutions, its social cohesion and impede the formation of inclusive national identity. While there is broad consensus that disinformation and malign influence has devastating effects on democracy worldwide, it is more challenging to measure the direct impact that disinformation may have in discrediting political opponents or inducing voter apathy. Public opinion surveys provide some insight into whether or not key narratives spread through disinformation have taken root – which appears to be the case – but they are imprecise in measuring to what extent the disinformation efforts have indeed contributed to their prevalence and how.
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Gong, Hanyang, Arttu Polojärvi, and Jukka Tuhkuri. "3D DEM Study on the Effect of Ridge Keel Width on Rubble Resistance on Ships." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78765.
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In this paper, we use 3D discrete element method (DEM) to simulate ship penetration through a non-cohesive rubble pile presenting a ridge keel. We study the effect of the pile width on the rubble resistance and the relation between the resistance records and rubble deformation. The peak rubble resistance increases with the rubble pile width, but the rate of the increase is not constant. The peak rubble resistance values from the simulations with the widest rubble piles are compared to the ones yielded by the analytical models with success.
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RACOLȚA-PAINA, Nicoleta Dorina, Alexandra LUNCAȘU, Maria METZ, and Sergiu Eugen ZĂGAN. "LEADING VIRTURAL TEAMS DURING COVID-19." In International Management Conference. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/imc/2021/04.08.
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The context given by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the implementation of the mandatory work from home (MWFH), a concept well known nowadays. The teams had to adapt and to become 100% virtual in a really short period of time in order to ensure the continuity of the activities for the businesses. Team leaders suddenly became team leaders of virtual teams; thus, this had implied the shift from team leadership to virtual team leadership. The effectiveness of virtual team leaders remains a desideratum for companies, taking into account that now team leaders work in a unique context given by the COVID-19 pandemic situation. The purpose of this research is to analyse the way of working of a 100% virtual team, from a Shared Service Centre located in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, for the time frame March 2020 – March 2021. The case study was performed based on quantitative and qualitative empirical research; the primary data being collected from the targeted virtual team. Firstly, the focus is on presenting the organizational context based on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and secondly, the decisions taken by the management during this period in order to maintain the 100% virtual team performance are analysed. Several aspects at the analysed team level are identified, based on the perception of its team members, such as the level of connection, the sense of belonging to the team, engagement, cohesion, team coordination level, individual productivity in the MWFH environment and last, but not least, the team productivity level in the pandemic period versus the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. The main conclusions of this case study are reflecting that the level of individual productivity and also the level of the team productivity have remained at a constant level, which is indicating that the effectiveness of team leadership has been maintained at a high level. However, some of the analysed aspects such as, level of connection, team cohesion and the sense of belonging to the team, were negatively influenced by the virtual way of working despite the management decisions taken in order to support the virtual team environment.
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Jiang, Hao, Jy-An John Wang, and Hong Wang. "Potential Impact of Interfacial Bonding Efficiency on Used Nuclear Fuel Vibration Integrity During Normal Transportation." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-29067.
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Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to investigate the impacts of interfacial bonding efficiency at pellet–pellet and pellet–clad interfaces on surrogate of used nuclear fuel (UNF) vibration integrity. The FEA simulation results were also validated and benchmarked with reversible bending fatigue test results on surrogate rods consisting of stainless steel (SS) tubes with alumina-pellet inserts. Bending moments (M) are applied to the FEA models to evaluate the system responses of the surrogate rods. From the induced curvature, κ, the flexural rigidity EI can be estimated as EI=M/κ. The impacts of interfacial bonding efficiency include the moment carrying capacity distribution between pellets and clad and cohesion influence on the flexural rigidity of the surrogate rod system. The result also indicates that the immediate consequences of interfacial de-bonding are a load carrying capacity shift from the fuel pellets to the clad and a reduction of the composite rod flexural rigidity. Therefore, the flexural rigidity of the surrogate rod and the bending moment bearing capacity between the clad and fuel pellets are strongly dependent on the efficiency of interfacial bonding at the pellet–pellet and pellet–clad interfaces. FEA models will be further used to study UNF vibration integrity.
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Gielen, Eric, Yaiza Pérez Alonso, José Sergio Palencia Jiménez, and Asenet Sosa Espinosa. "Urban sprawl and citizen participation. A case study in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia)." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6154.
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The accelerated urban growth of the last decades in Europe has caused, especially in the Spanish Mediterranean coast, a paradigm shift in much cities, moving from a mostly compact urban form to a more diffuse one. The concept of city has changed so much that even in a lot of dispersed municipalities, it becomes difficult to define its limits. This change implies not only ecological and economic impacts, but also, social effects. Urban sprawl makes difficult social interaction and reduces the community feeling, and therefore, social cohesion and identity. This produces also changes in the relations of citizens between them and with the city council. The research propounds a discussion about the challenges that the urban sprawl causes for the application of participative models in the decision making, understanding them as basic criterion of good government. We analyze a case study to extract the complexity of articulating processes of citizen participation in territory with high dispersion based on a project carried out in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia) on participatory budgets. It analyzes the results of the process carried out in relation to the urban model, the morphology of their urban pieces and spatial structure, and the demographic and social characteristics of the municipality. The question is identifying the problematic for the articulation of participative processes in territories with this idiosyncrasy. Finally, the article suggests a series of strategic lines as starting points to achieve participatory processes in the city characterized by urban sprawl.
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Kubat, Ivana, Mohamed Sayed, and Anne Collins. "Modeling of Pressured Ice Interaction with Ships." In SNAME 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-138.
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The paper describes numerical simulations of ship transit through ice. The simulations employ a model which is based on solving the conservation of mass and linear momentum together with constitutive equations representing plastic yield. A cohesive Mohr-Coulomb criterion with a tension cut-off is used to represent the yield condition. The numerical solution approach is based on a Lagrangian-Eulerian hybrid formulation. A depth-averaged version of the model is used, whereby the stresses and velocities are averaged over ice thickness. Ice thickness build-up and lead opening are accounted for in the model. The ice cover is driven by prescribed displacements or pressures at the boundaries. Wind and water current drag are also included. The simulations address cases of ship moving at constant velocity through a uniform ice cover, of 200 m width and 1 km length. The geometry of the Canadian Coast Guard vessel, CCGS Louis S. St- Laurent, is used in the tests. The results give the evolution of the distributions of ice concentration, thickness and pressures. The ice force-time records are also produced. The predicted forces are compared to recently reported field measurements of ice forces on the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent. The magnitude of the simulation forces are in agreement with the measurements. A parametric study examined the role of the following variables: velocity of the ship, ice concentration, ice thickness, and properties of the ice cover (angle of internal friction). The results indicate that velocity has the most pronounced effect on ice force. The concentration and thickness also had significant effects. The angle of internal friction has somewhat less significant effects. The simulations also examined ship transit under pressured ice, or convergence, conditions. Conditions at the lateral boundaries applied ice movements against the ship during transit. The simulations show the pressure build-up against the sides of the bow due to ice convergence, and the increase in the ice force on the ship. The results indicate that ice pressures on the ship are two orders of magnitude higher than the large-scale average stresses which are calculated over a 1 km length.
Reports on the topic "Cohesion shifts"
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Blazakis, Jason, and Colin Clarke. From Paramilitaries to Parliamentarians: Disaggregating Radical Right Wing Extremist Movements. RESOLVE Network, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2021.2.
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The global far right is extremely broad in nature and far from monolithic. While the “far right” is often used as an umbrella term, using the term runs the risk of over-simplifying the differences and linkages between white supremacist, anti-immigration, nativist, and other motivating ideologies. These beliefs and political platforms fall within the far-right rubric, and too often the phrase presents a more unified image of the phenomena than is really the case. In truth, the “far right” and the individual movements that comprise it are fragmented, consisting of a number of groups that lack established leadership and cohesion. Indeed, these movements include chauvinist religious organizations, neo-fascist street gangs, and paramilitary organs of established political parties. Although such movements largely lack the mass appeal of the interwar European radical right-wing extreme, they nevertheless can inspire both premeditated and spontaneous acts of violence against perceived enemies. This report is intended to provide policymakers, practitioners, and the academic community with a roadmap of ongoing shifts in the organizational structures and ideological currents of radical right-wing extremist movements, detailing the difference between distinct, yet often connected and interlaced echelons of the far right. In particular, the report identifies and analyzes various aspects of the broader far right and the assorted grievances it leverages to recruit, which is critical to gaining a more nuanced understanding of the potential future trajectory of these movements.
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Hellström, Anders. How anti-immigration views were articulated in Sweden during and after 2015. Malmö University, Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare (MIM), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771936.
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The development towards the mainstreaming of extremism in European countries in the areas of immigration and integration has taken place both in policy and in discourse. The harsh policy measures that were implemented after the 2015 refugee crisis have led to a discursive shift; what is normal to say and do in the areas of immigration and integration has changed. Anti-immigration claims are today not merely articulated in the fringes of the political spectrum but more widely accepted and also, at least partly, officially sanctioned. This study investigates the anti-immigration claims, seen as (populist) appeals to the people that centre around a particular mythology of the people and that are, as such, deeply ingrained in national identity construction. The two dimensions of the populist divide are of relevance here: The horizontal dimension refers to articulated differences between "the people", who belong here, and the "non-people" (the other), who do not. The vertical dimension refers to articulated differences between the common people and the established elites. Empirically, the analysis shows how anti-immigration views embedded in processes of national myth making during and after 2015 were articulated in the socially conservative online newspaper Samtiden from 2016 to 2019. The results indicate that far-right populist discourse conveys a nostalgia for a golden age and a cohesive and homogenous collective identity, combining ideals of cultural conformism and socioeconomic fairness.